Analytical method, device and electronic equipment for building thermal capacity

Abstract

The application provides a building heat capacity analysis method, device and electronic equipment. The method comprises the following steps: screening air conditioner historical operation data, local meteorological parameters, space envelope structure heat transfer coefficients and ventilation characteristic parameters to obtain data samples; performing first fitting and second fitting based on the plurality of data samples to obtain a first relationship of air temperature change with time in a building space and a second relationship of heat absorption amount of the building envelope structure and objects with time, respectively; determining first heat capacity of air in the building space and second heat capacity of the building envelope structure and objects based on the first relationship and the second relationship, respectively; and performing comfort analysis on the building based on the first heat capacity and / or the second heat capacity. The building internal heat storage capacity can be dynamically, quantitatively and adaptively detected, and the detection efficiency and detection accuracy are high. The method does not require on-site detection by monitoring engineers, and a large number of sensors do not need to be arranged in the building space, so that the labor and resource costs can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of thermal capacity identification technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus and electronic device for analyzing building thermal capacity. Background Technology

[0002] Current methods for testing building thermal performance typically require specialized sensors and on-site measurements by testing engineers, resulting in high manpower and resource costs. Furthermore, current methods cannot dynamically measure building thermal characteristics; they only assess the heat transfer coefficient of the building envelope and the building's air exchange characteristics, without considering factors such as building size or the heat storage capacity of the building envelope. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method, apparatus and electronic device for analyzing building heat capacity, so as to dynamically, quantitatively and adaptively detect the internal heat storage capacity of a building, with high detection efficiency and accuracy; it eliminates the need for on-site detection by monitoring engineers and eliminates the need to install a large number of sensors in the building space, thereby reducing manpower and resource costs.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for analyzing building heat capacity. The method includes: filtering historical air conditioning operation data within the building space to be evaluated, local meteorological parameters outside the building space corresponding to the historical operation data, heat transfer coefficient of the building envelope, and ventilation characteristic parameters according to preset screening conditions to obtain data samples; performing a first fitting based on multiple data samples to obtain a first relationship between the temperature of the air within the building space and time, and determining a first heat capacity of the air within the building space based on the first relationship; performing a second fitting based on multiple data samples to obtain a second relationship between the heat absorption of the building envelope and objects over time, and determining a second heat capacity of the building envelope and objects based on the second relationship; and performing a comfort analysis of the building space based on the first heat capacity and / or the second heat capacity.

[0005] In optional embodiments of this application, the historical operating data of the air conditioner includes at least one of the following: the cooling or heating capacity of each indoor unit of the air conditioner, the operating status of each indoor unit of the air conditioner, the indoor ambient temperature detected by each indoor unit, the indoor humidity detected by each indoor unit, the outdoor ambient temperature detected by the outdoor unit, the outdoor humidity detected by the outdoor unit, or the surface temperature of the indoor building envelope; the local meteorological parameters include at least one of the following: parameters indicating whether it is raining, local wind speed, irradiance, or outdoor humidity.

[0006] In optional embodiments of this application, the heat transfer coefficient and ventilation characteristic parameters of the space envelope are determined by at least one of the following methods: collecting the heat transfer coefficient of the space envelope by a heat flux density meter; determining the ventilation characteristic parameters based on the fresh air fan air volume or the designed heat exchange frequency; or determining the heat transfer coefficient and ventilation characteristic parameters of the space envelope by numerical values ​​fitted by big data or by data collected during operation.

[0007] In optional embodiments of this application, the heat transfer coefficient and ventilation characteristics of the space envelope are both related to parameters characterizing whether it is raining and the local wind speed.

[0008] In an optional embodiment of this application, the step of filtering historical air conditioning operation data within the building space to be evaluated, local meteorological parameters outside the building space to be evaluated corresponding to the historical operation data, heat transfer coefficient of the building envelope, and ventilation characteristic parameters to obtain data samples according to preset screening conditions includes: filtering historical air conditioning operation data within the building space to be evaluated, local meteorological parameters outside the building space to be evaluated corresponding to the historical operation data, heat transfer coefficient of the building envelope, and ventilation characteristic parameters to obtain a first data sample; wherein, the first screening condition characterizes the energy storage capacity requirement of indoor air; filtering historical air conditioning operation data within the building space to be evaluated, local meteorological parameters outside the building space to be evaluated corresponding to the historical operation data, heat transfer coefficient of the building envelope, and ventilation characteristic parameters to obtain a second data sample according to a second screening condition; wherein, the first screening condition characterizes the energy storage capacity requirement of the indoor building envelope and objects; wherein, the sum of the number of the first data sample and the number of the second data sample is greater than or equal to a preset quantity threshold.

[0009] In an optional embodiment of this application, the first relationship is determined by the following formula: T = ae (-bτ+c) Where T is the temperature of the air inside the building space, τ is the time constant, and a, b, and c are fitting coefficients.

[0010] In an optional embodiment of this application, the first heat capacity of the air within the building space is determined by the following formula: Where cm is the first heat capacity of the air in the building space, KA is the heat transfer coefficient of the space envelope, F is the ventilation characteristic parameter, and Δh is the enthalpy of indoor and outdoor air.

[0011] In an optional embodiment of this application, the second relationship is determined by the following formula: Q envelop =T in (aτ 2 +bτ+c)exp(-dτ+e)+f; where Q envelop Let T be the heat absorption of the building envelope and the object, τ be the time constant, and a, b, c, e, and f be the fitting coefficients. inThis refers to the indoor ambient temperature.

[0012] In an optional embodiment of this application, the step of determining the second heat capacity of the building envelope and the object based on the second relationship includes: integrating the formula of the second relationship to obtain the total heat of the building envelope and the object; wherein the integration time is the time from the start-up time of the air conditioner indoor unit to the time when the wall temperature reaches a stable state; and dividing the total heat by the temperature difference of the wall temperature during the integration time to obtain the second heat capacity of the building envelope and the object.

[0013] In optional embodiments of this application, the steps of performing comfort analysis of the building space based on the first heat capacity and / or the second heat capacity include at least one of the following: determining the time when the building space reaches a comfortable state based on the first heat capacity; and determining the time and temperature of the power demand response based on the second heat capacity.

[0014] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a building heat capacity analysis device, the device comprising: a data sample acquisition module, used to filter historical air conditioning operation data within the building space to be evaluated, local meteorological parameters outside the building space to be evaluated corresponding to the historical operation data, heat transfer coefficient of the building envelope, and ventilation characteristic parameters according to preset screening conditions, to obtain data samples; a first fitting calculation module, used to perform a first fitting based on multiple data samples to obtain a first relationship between the temperature of the air within the building space and time, and to determine a first heat capacity of the air within the building space based on the first relationship; a second fitting calculation module, used to perform a second fitting based on multiple data samples to obtain a second relationship between the heat absorption of the building envelope and objects over time, and to determine a second heat capacity of the building envelope and objects based on the second relationship; and a comfort analysis module, used to perform a comfort analysis of the building space based on the first heat capacity and / or the second heat capacity.

[0015] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention also provide an electronic device, including a processor and a memory, the memory storing computer-executable instructions that can be executed by the processor, the processor executing the computer-executable instructions to implement the above-described method for analyzing building heat capacity.

[0016] Fourthly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when invoked and executed by a processor, cause the processor to implement the aforementioned method for analyzing building heat capacity.

[0017] The embodiments of the present invention bring the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The present invention provides a method, apparatus, and electronic device for analyzing building heat capacity. It can determine the first heat capacity of the air in the building space and the second heat capacity of the building envelope and objects based on data such as historical air conditioning operation data, local meteorological parameters, heat transfer coefficient of the building envelope, and ventilation characteristic parameters. It can dynamically, quantitatively, and adaptively detect the heat storage capacity inside the building, and has high detection efficiency and accuracy. It does not require on-site detection by monitoring engineers, and does not require the installation of a large number of sensors in the building space, which can reduce manpower and resource costs.

[0019] Other features and advantages of this disclosure will be set forth in the following description, or some features and advantages may be inferred from the description or determined without doubt, or may be learned by practicing the techniques described above.

[0020] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of this disclosure more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for analyzing building heat capacity according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 A flowchart of another method for analyzing building heat capacity provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a thermal capacity identification method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a first fitting provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a stability test provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a second fitting method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a building heat capacity analysis device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Currently, existing methods for testing building thermal performance typically require specialized sensors and on-site measurements by testing engineers. For example, the thermal performance of a building envelope is evaluated by comparing its inherent frequency response characteristics to temperature waves with those of a standard building envelope.

[0032] However, the aforementioned specialized sensors and on-site measurements by testing engineers are costly in terms of manpower and resources. Furthermore, current methods for detecting building thermal characteristics cannot be performed dynamically; the testing only covers the heat transfer coefficient of the building envelope and the building's air exchange characteristics, without considering the building's size or the heat storage capacity of the building envelope.

[0033] Therefore, existing methods for testing building thermal performance mainly have the following problems: 1. The building's internal heat storage capacity cannot be quantitatively and dynamically detected; 2. Identifying the building's internal heat storage capacity requires adding a large number of sensors, which increases costs significantly; 3. The building's internal heat storage capacity cannot be adaptively detected as indoor objects are adjusted.

[0034] Based on this, the embodiments of the present invention provide a method, apparatus and electronic device for analyzing building heat capacity, specifically providing a method for identifying indoor heat capacity, which can dynamically, quantitatively and adaptively detect the heat storage capacity inside a building, with high detection efficiency and accuracy; it eliminates the need for on-site detection by monitoring engineers and eliminates the need to install a large number of sensors inside the building, thereby reducing manpower and resource costs.

[0035] To facilitate understanding of this embodiment, a method for analyzing building heat capacity disclosed in this embodiment of the invention will first be described in detail.

[0036] Example 1:

[0037] This invention provides a method for analyzing building heat capacity, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 The flowchart shown illustrates a method for analyzing building heat capacity, which includes the following steps:

[0038] Step S102: According to the preset screening conditions, the historical air conditioning operation data in the building space to be evaluated, the local meteorological parameters outside the building space to be evaluated corresponding to the historical operation data, the heat transfer coefficient of the space envelope and the ventilation characteristic parameters are screened to obtain a data sample.

[0039] Historical air conditioning operation data can include the historical operating data of the indoor and outdoor units of each air conditioner within the building. Local meteorological parameters can be the meteorological parameters of the area where the building is located. The heat transfer coefficient of the building envelope refers to the amount of heat transferred through 1 square meter of area in 1 second when the air temperature difference between the two sides of the envelope is 1 degree (K, ℃) under steady-state heat transfer conditions. Ventilation characteristic parameters can include the number of air changes per second.

[0040] Data samples can be obtained by filtering historical air conditioning operation data, local meteorological parameters, heat transfer coefficient of the building envelope, and ventilation characteristic parameters. Preset conditions can limit one or more of these parameters. In this embodiment, different preset conditions can be set for the air within the building space and for the building envelope and objects.

[0041] Step S104: Perform a first fitting based on multiple data samples to obtain a first relationship between the temperature of the air in the building space and time, and determine the first heat capacity of the air in the building space based on the first relationship.

[0042] After determining the data sample, this embodiment can perform fitting on the data sample, including first fitting and second fitting; wherein, the fitting formulas for the first fitting and second fitting are pre-selected and determined, and this embodiment can determine the heat capacity based on the fitting coefficient.

[0043] The first fitting can obtain the first relationship between the temperature of the air in the building space and time. Based on the fitting coefficient in the first relationship, the first heat capacity of the air in the building space can be determined.

[0044] Step S106: Perform a second fitting based on multiple data samples to obtain a second relationship of the heat absorption time change of the building envelope and the object, and determine the second heat capacity of the building envelope and the object based on the second relationship.

[0045] The second fitting can yield a second relationship for the change of heat absorption over time in the building envelope and the object. Integrating the second relationship can determine the second heat capacity of the building envelope and the object.

[0046] Step S108: Perform a comfort analysis of the building space based on the first heat capacity and / or the second heat capacity.

[0047] After obtaining the first and second heat capacities, a comfort analysis of the building can be performed, including: analysis of the time required to reach a comfortable temperature and analysis of the power demand response.

[0048] The present invention provides a method for analyzing building heat capacity, which can determine the first heat capacity of the air in the building space and the second heat capacity of the building envelope and objects based on data such as historical air conditioning operation data, local meteorological parameters, heat transfer coefficient of the building envelope and ventilation characteristic parameters. It can dynamically, quantitatively and adaptively detect the heat storage capacity inside the building, with high detection efficiency and accuracy. It does not require on-site detection by monitoring engineers and does not require the installation of a large number of sensors in the building space, which can reduce manpower and resource costs.

[0049] Example 2:

[0050] This embodiment provides another method for analyzing building heat capacity, which is implemented based on the above embodiment, such as... Figure 2 The flowchart illustrates another method for analyzing building heat capacity. The method for analyzing building heat capacity in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0051] Step S202: According to the first screening criteria, the historical air conditioning operation data in the building space to be evaluated, the local meteorological parameters outside the building space to be evaluated corresponding to the historical operation data, the heat transfer coefficient of the space envelope and the ventilation characteristic parameters are screened to obtain the first data sample; wherein, the first screening criteria characterize the energy storage capacity requirement of indoor air.

[0052] This embodiment can identify and apply the heat storage capacity of the building's internal air, building envelope, and indoor objects by running big data. For details, please refer to... Figure 3 The diagram shows a thermal capacity identification method.

[0053] Specifically, the historical operating data of the air conditioner shall include at least one of the following: the cooling or heating capacity of each indoor unit of the air conditioner, the operating status of each indoor unit of the air conditioner, the indoor ambient temperature detected by each indoor unit, the indoor humidity detected by each indoor unit, the outdoor ambient temperature detected by the outdoor unit, the outdoor humidity detected by the outdoor unit, or the surface temperature of the indoor building envelope; the local meteorological parameters shall include at least one of the following: parameters indicating whether it is raining, local wind speed, irradiance, or outdoor humidity.

[0054] like Figure 3 As shown, historical operating data of the air conditioner can be obtained, including: the capacity of each indoor unit of the air conditioner (cooling capacity Q). c Or heat output Q h The operating status of each indoor unit of the air conditioner (cooling operation, heating operation, off, standby), and the indoor ambient temperature T detected by each indoor unit. in The indoor humidity (RH) measured by each indoor unitin The outdoor ambient temperature T detected by the outdoor unit out Outdoor humidity (RH) detected by the outdoor unit out (Optional, meteorological parameters can be used instead), indoor building envelope surface temperature T wall .

[0055] like Figure 3 As shown, local meteorological parameters can be obtained, including: whether it is raining, local wind speed, irradiance, and outdoor humidity (RH). out (Optional, the outdoor unit can be used to detect humidity instead).

[0056] like Figure 3 As shown, the heat transfer coefficient KA and ventilation characteristic parameter F of the space envelope can be obtained. Specifically, the heat transfer coefficient and ventilation characteristic parameter of the space envelope are determined by at least one of the following methods: collecting the heat transfer coefficient of the space envelope by a heat flux density meter; determining the ventilation characteristic parameter based on the fresh air fan air volume or the design heat exchange rate; or determining the heat transfer coefficient and ventilation characteristic parameter of the space envelope by fitting values ​​from big data or by collecting data from the operating system.

[0057] KA can be determined using a heat flux density meter, while F can be determined using other on-site measurement methods, fresh air unit airflow, or design heat exchange rate. Alternatively, the heat transfer coefficient KA and heat exchange characteristic parameter F of the building envelope can be determined by identifying fitted values ​​from big data or by collecting system data during trial operation.

[0058] Specifically, the heat transfer coefficient and ventilation characteristics of the space envelope are both related to parameters characterizing whether it is raining and local wind speed. These two parameter values ​​have a functional relationship with outdoor wind speed and whether it is raining. Specifically, they can be expressed as KA = f1 (rain or no rain, wind speed range) and F = f2 (rain or no rain, wind speed range).

[0059] like Figure 3 As shown, data that meets the indoor air energy storage capacity requirements can be identified and filtered. The identified and filtered data must meet a first preset condition. This first preset condition can be: the indoor unit is turned off, and the temperature difference between the initial moment (when the unit is turned off) and the final stable moment is greater than 2℃; and solar radiation in the climate parameters is less than 0.5W / m². 2 The indoor heat source intensity is less than 5% of that during normal use; the temperature difference after the indoor air finally stabilizes is less than 0.5℃; preferably, a test mode can be set to start all indoor units in the early morning (4:00am-5:30am), with the temperature set more than 4℃ lower than the outdoor temperature (cooling) / the temperature set more than 4℃ higher than the outdoor temperature (heating), running for 1 hour, and then all indoor units are turned off until the indoor temperature fluctuation within 20 minutes is less than 0.5℃.

[0060] Step S204: According to the second screening criteria, the historical air conditioning operation data in the building space to be evaluated, the local meteorological parameters outside the building space to be evaluated corresponding to the historical operation data, the heat transfer coefficient of the space envelope and the ventilation characteristic parameters are screened to obtain the second data sample; wherein, the first screening criteria characterize the energy storage capacity requirements of the indoor envelope and objects.

[0061] like Figure 3 As shown, data that meets the requirements for the energy storage capacity of the indoor building envelope and objects can be identified and filtered. The identified and filtered data must meet a second preset condition. This second preset condition can be: the indoor unit is turned on, and the set temperature is at least 5°C higher or lower than the wall temperature before the indoor unit is turned on; after a preset time, the temperature difference between the wall temperature before the indoor unit is turned on and the wall temperature after it has stabilized reaches at least 3°C; and the solar radiation in the climate parameters is less than 0.5W / m². 2 The indoor heat source intensity is less than 5% of that during normal use; the temperature difference after the indoor air finally stabilizes is less than 0.5℃; preferably, a test mode can be set to start all indoor units in the early morning (4:00am-5:30am), with the temperature set more than 5℃ lower than the wall temperature before the indoor unit is turned on (cooling) / the temperature set more than 5℃ higher than the wall temperature before the indoor unit is turned on (heating), and run for a preset time of 3 hours until the temperature fluctuation of the indoor temperature and the wall temperature within 20 minutes is less than 0.5℃ (stability judgment condition), and the wall temperature after stabilization is more than 3℃ lower than the wall temperature before the unit is turned on.

[0062] Wherein, the sum of the number of the first data sample and the number of the second data sample is greater than or equal to a pre-set threshold. For example... Figure 3 As shown, it is necessary to determine whether the total number of samples has reached the threshold (which can be 20). If it has not reached the threshold, the data to be processed needs to be acquired again; if it has reached the threshold, the subsequent steps can be executed.

[0063] Step S206: Perform a first fitting based on multiple data samples to obtain a first relationship between the temperature of the air in the building space and time, and determine the first heat capacity of the air in the building space based on the first relationship.

[0064] like Figure 3 As shown, the air heat storage capacity of a building space can be identified and calculated, and then the air heat storage capacity of the building space can be obtained as the first heat capacity, in kJ / k. The air heat capacity of the building space is identified by combining the heat transfer coefficient of the building envelope and the ventilation characteristics of the building space.

[0065] The expression for indoor air quality changing over time is as follows: Where T is the room temperature, T0 is the room temperature at the initial moment, KA is the equivalent heat transfer coefficient of the wall, F is the number of air changes, c is the specific heat capacity of indoor air, m is the mass of indoor air, τ is the time constant, and ε is a constant.

[0066] The first relation is determined by the following formula: T = ae (-bτ+c) Where T is the air temperature inside the building space, τ is the time constant, and a, b, and c are fitting coefficients. (See also...) Figure 4 The diagram shown represents a first-order fit. Figure 4 The first relationship fitted in the equation is T = 3.290332 - e (-0.001279τ+1.054007) Among them, the goodness of fit R 2 =0.97.

[0067] The goodness of fit of the relation is screened, and the parameter b is obtained through fitting. The fitting method can be the least squares method, neural network, etc., with an accuracy of over 90% and meeting the stability test requirements (the total percentage of parameters with an error deviation of 10% or more reaches over 85%). See [reference needed]. Figure 5 The diagram shown is a schematic of a stability test. Figure 5 The proportion of identification parameters with an error deviation of 10% or more reached over 85%.

[0068] Based on the formula of the first relation and the expression for the change of indoor air over time, the heat capacity of air can be calculated from the air volume. The expression for calculating air volume is as follows: V is the air volume, b is the fitting coefficient, and ρ is the air density.

[0069] The first heat capacity of air inside a building space is determined by the following formula: Where cm is the first heat capacity of the air in the building space, KA is the heat transfer coefficient of the space envelope, F is the ventilation characteristic parameter, and Δh is the enthalpy of indoor and outdoor air.

[0070] Step S208: Perform a second fitting based on multiple data samples to obtain a second relationship of the heat absorption time change of the building envelope and the object, and determine the second heat capacity of the building envelope and the object based on the second relationship.

[0071] like Figure 3 As shown, the system can identify and calculate the building envelope and its components, then obtain the heat capacity of the internal envelope and its components as the second heat capacity. The curves showing the change in wall heat absorption with indoor air include: Among them, Q envelop Q represents the heat absorbed by the building envelope and its components. HVAC For air conditioning system capacity.

[0072] The second relation is determined by the following formula: Qenvelop =T in (aτ 2 +bτ+c)exp(-dτ+e)+f; where Q envelop Let T be the heat absorption of the building envelope and the object, τ be the time constant, and a, b, c, e, and f be the fitting coefficients. in This refers to the indoor ambient temperature. See also... Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a second fitting is shown, as follows: Figure 6 As shown, the fitting coefficients after the second fitting are a = 180855.19264, b = -12.104787, c = 0.001278, d = -16.599634, and e = 1546.588462.

[0073] By screening the goodness of fit of the above relationships, the parameter b is obtained through fitting. The fitting method can be the least squares method, neural network, etc. The accuracy reaches more than 90%, and the stability test requirements are met (the total percentage of the identified parameter error deviations of more than 10% reaches more than 85%).

[0074] After completing the second fitting to obtain the formula for the second relationship, this embodiment can integrate the formula for the second relationship to obtain the total heat of the building envelope and the object; wherein, the integration time is the time from the start-up time of the air conditioner indoor unit to the time when the wall temperature reaches a stable state; the total heat is divided by the temperature difference of the wall temperature during the integration time to obtain the second heat capacity of the building envelope and the object.

[0075] Integrate the fitted second relationship formula, with the integration time being from the indoor unit startup time to the time point when the wall temperature reaches a stable state. This yields the total heat gain of the internal enclosure structure and objects within this time interval. Divide the total heat gain by the wall temperature difference during this time interval to obtain the heat capacity C of the internal enclosure structure and objects. envelop That is, the second heat capacity.

[0076] Step S210: Perform a comfort analysis of the building space based on the first heat capacity and / or the second heat capacity.

[0077] like Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment can perform comfort analysis on a building, including at least one of the following: determining the time it takes for the building to reach a comfortable state based on a first heat capacity; and determining the time and temperature of the power demand response based on a second heat capacity.

[0078] By acquiring the heat capacity of the air in the building space, and based on the air conditioning output and external conditions, the time required to reach a comfortable temperature can be calculated, guiding the optimization of rapid cooling and heating control. By acquiring the heat capacity of the interior building envelope and objects, it is possible to calculate how far in advance and what temperature needs to be set to meet peak shaving and comfort requirements in response to power demand.

[0079] In summary, this invention can identify the heat storage capacity of the air inside a building, as well as the building envelope and indoor objects, using historical operating data of the air conditioning system. The identification process makes extensive use of the air conditioner's built-in sensors, reducing equipment investment. The thermal characteristics identified in this invention include the heat storage capacity of the air inside the building, the building envelope, and indoor objects, along with their corresponding response times. This data-driven identification method solves the problems of quantifiable and dynamic detection of the building's internal heat storage capacity, the need for numerous additional sensors leading to increased costs, and the inability to adaptively detect the building's internal heat storage capacity as indoor objects change.

[0080] Example 3:

[0081] Corresponding to the above method embodiments, this invention provides an analysis device for building heat capacity, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 7 The diagram shows a structural schematic of a building heat capacity analysis device, which includes:

[0082] The data sample acquisition module 71 is used to filter the historical air conditioning operation data in the building space to be evaluated, the local meteorological parameters outside the building space to be evaluated corresponding to the historical operation data, the heat transfer coefficient of the space envelope and the ventilation characteristic parameters according to the preset screening conditions, so as to obtain data samples.

[0083] The first fitting calculation module 72 is used to perform a first fitting based on multiple data samples to obtain a first relationship between the temperature of the air in the building space and time, and to determine the first heat capacity of the air in the building space based on the first relationship.

[0084] The second fitting calculation module 73 is used to perform a second fitting based on multiple data samples to obtain a second relationship of the heat absorption time change of the building envelope and the object, and to determine the second heat capacity of the building envelope and the object based on the second relationship.

[0085] Comfort analysis module 74 is used to perform comfort analysis on the building space based on a first heat capacity and / or a second heat capacity.

[0086] The present invention provides a building heat capacity analysis device that can determine the first heat capacity of the air in the building space and the second heat capacity of the building envelope and objects based on data such as historical air conditioning operation data, local meteorological parameters, heat transfer coefficient of the building envelope and ventilation characteristic parameters. It can dynamically, quantitatively and adaptively detect the heat storage capacity inside the building, with high detection efficiency and accuracy. It does not require on-site detection by monitoring engineers and does not require the installation of a large number of sensors in the building space, which can reduce manpower and resource costs.

[0087] The aforementioned historical operating data of the air conditioner shall include at least one of the following: cooling capacity or heating capacity of each indoor unit of the air conditioner, operating status of each indoor unit of the air conditioner, indoor ambient temperature detected by each indoor unit, indoor humidity detected by each indoor unit, outdoor ambient temperature detected by the outdoor unit, outdoor humidity detected by the outdoor unit, or surface temperature of the indoor building envelope; the aforementioned local meteorological parameters shall include at least one of the following: parameters indicating whether it is raining, local wind speed, irradiance, or outdoor humidity.

[0088] The aforementioned data acquisition module is used for at least one of the following: acquiring the heat transfer coefficient of the space envelope using a heat flux density meter; determining ventilation characteristic parameters based on the fresh air fan volume or the designed heat exchange frequency; and determining the heat transfer coefficient and ventilation characteristic parameters of the space envelope using data fitted from big data or data from the operational acquisition system.

[0089] The heat transfer coefficient and ventilation characteristics of the aforementioned space envelope are all related to parameters characterizing whether it is raining and local wind speed.

[0090] The aforementioned data sample acquisition module is used to filter historical air conditioning operation data within the building space to be evaluated, local meteorological parameters outside the building space to be evaluated corresponding to the historical operation data, heat transfer coefficient of the space envelope, and ventilation characteristic parameters according to a first screening condition to obtain a first data sample; wherein, the first screening condition represents the energy storage capacity requirement of indoor air; and to filter historical air conditioning operation data within the building space to be evaluated, local meteorological parameters outside the building space to be evaluated corresponding to the historical operation data, heat transfer coefficient of the space envelope, and ventilation characteristic parameters according to a second screening condition to obtain a second data sample; wherein, the first screening condition represents the energy storage capacity requirement of the indoor envelope and objects; wherein, the sum of the number of the first data sample and the number of the second data sample is greater than or equal to a preset quantity threshold.

[0091] The aforementioned first fitting calculation module is used to determine the first relationship using the following formula: T = ae (-bτ+c) Where T is the temperature of the air inside the building space, τ is the time constant, and a, b, and c are fitting coefficients.

[0092] The aforementioned first fitting calculation module is used to determine the first heat capacity of the air within the building space using the following formula: Where cm is the first heat capacity of the air in the building space, KA is the heat transfer coefficient of the space envelope, F is the ventilation characteristic parameter, and Δh is the enthalpy of indoor and outdoor air.

[0093] The second fitting calculation module described above is used to determine the second relationship using the following formula: Q envelop =T in (aτ 2 +bτ+c)exp(-dτ+e)+f; where Qenvelop Let T be the heat absorption of the building envelope and the object, τ be the time constant, and a, b, c, e, and f be the fitting coefficients. in This refers to the indoor ambient temperature.

[0094] The aforementioned second fitting calculation module is used to integrate the formula of the second relationship to obtain the total heat of the building envelope and the object; wherein, the integration time is the time from the start-up time of the air conditioner indoor unit to the time when the wall temperature reaches a stable state; the total heat is divided by the temperature difference of the wall temperature during the integration time to obtain the second heat capacity of the building envelope and the object.

[0095] The aforementioned comfort analysis module is used for at least one of the following: determining the time required for the building space to reach a comfortable level based on a first heat capacity; and determining the time and temperature of the power demand response based on a second heat capacity.

[0096] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working process of the building heat capacity analysis device described above can be referred to the corresponding process in the embodiments of the aforementioned building heat capacity analysis method, and will not be repeated here.

[0097] Example 4:

[0098] This invention also provides an electronic device for running the above-described method for analyzing building heat capacity; see [link to related documentation]. Figure 8 The diagram shows the structure of an electronic device, which includes a memory 100 and a processor 101. The memory 100 stores one or more computer instructions, which are executed by the processor 101 to implement the above-mentioned method for analyzing building heat capacity.

[0099] Furthermore, Figure 8 The electronic device shown also includes a bus 102 and a communication interface 103, with the processor 101, the communication interface 103 and the memory 100 connected via the bus 102.

[0100] The memory 100 may include high-speed random access memory (RAM) or non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device. Communication between this system network element and at least one other network element is achieved through at least one communication interface 103 (which can be wired or wireless), such as the Internet, wide area network, local area network, or metropolitan area network. The bus 102 may be an ISA bus, PCI bus, or EISA bus, etc. The bus can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 8 The symbol is represented by a single double-headed arrow, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0101] Processor 101 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In implementation, each step of the above method can be completed by the integrated logic circuitry in the hardware of processor 101 or by instructions in software form. Processor 101 can be a general-purpose processor, including a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Network Processor (NP), etc.; it can also be a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components. It can implement or execute the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of this invention. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the methods disclosed in the embodiments of this invention can be directly manifested as execution by a hardware decoding processor, or execution by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software module can reside in a readily available storage medium in the art, such as random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, or registers. This storage medium is located in memory 100, and processor 101 reads information from memory 100 and, in conjunction with its hardware, completes the steps of the method described in the foregoing embodiments.

[0102] This invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions. When these computer-executable instructions are called and executed by a processor, they cause the processor to implement the above-described method for analyzing building heat capacity. For specific implementation details, please refer to the method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0103] The computer program products of the building heat capacity analysis method, apparatus and electronic equipment provided in the embodiments of the present invention include a computer-readable storage medium storing program code. The instructions included in the program code can be used to execute the methods in the preceding method embodiments. For specific implementation, please refer to the method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0104] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working process of the system and / or device described above can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0105] Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0106] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this invention, essentially, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0107] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0108] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are merely specific implementations of the present invention, used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit it. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that any person skilled in the art can still modify or easily conceive of changes to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features; and these modifications, changes, or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for analyzing building heat capacity, characterized in that, The method includes: According to preset screening criteria, the historical air conditioning operation data of the building space to be evaluated, the local meteorological parameters outside the building space to be evaluated corresponding to the historical operation data, the heat transfer coefficient of the space envelope and the ventilation characteristic parameters are screened to obtain a data sample; A first fitting is performed based on multiple data samples to obtain a first relationship between the temperature of the air in the building space and time, and a first heat capacity of the air in the building space is determined based on the first relationship. A second fitting is performed based on multiple data samples to obtain a second relationship of the heat absorption time change of the building envelope and the object. The second heat capacity of the building envelope and the object is determined based on the second relationship. The second relationship is determined based on the heat absorption, time constant, multiple fitting coefficients and indoor ambient temperature of the building envelope and the object. A comfort analysis of the building space is performed based on the first heat capacity and / or the second heat capacity; The first relationship is determined by the following formula: Where T is the temperature of the air inside the building space. Let be the time constant, and a, b, and c be the fitting coefficients; The first heat capacity of air inside a building space is determined by the following formula: ;in, 1 is the first heat capacity of the air in the building space, KA is the heat transfer coefficient of the space envelope, F is the ventilation characteristic parameter, and Δh is the enthalpy of indoor and outdoor air. The step of determining the second heat capacity of the building envelope and the object based on the second relationship includes: integrating the formula of the second relationship to obtain the total heat of the building envelope and the object; wherein the integration time is the time from the start-up time of the air conditioner indoor unit to the time when the wall temperature reaches a stable state; and dividing the total heat by the temperature difference of the wall temperature during the integration time to obtain the second heat capacity of the building envelope and the object.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The historical operating data of the air conditioner includes at least one of the following: the cooling or heating capacity of each indoor unit of the air conditioner, the operating status of each indoor unit of the air conditioner, the indoor ambient temperature detected by each indoor unit, the indoor humidity detected by each indoor unit, the outdoor ambient temperature detected by the outdoor unit, the outdoor humidity detected by the outdoor unit, or the surface temperature of the indoor building envelope. The local meteorological parameters include at least one of the following: parameters indicating whether it is raining, local wind speed, irradiance, or outdoor humidity.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat transfer coefficient and the ventilation characteristic parameters of the space envelope shall be determined by at least one of the following methods: The heat transfer coefficient of the space envelope was collected using a heat flux density meter. The ventilation characteristic parameters are determined based on the fresh air volume of the fresh air unit or the designed heat exchange rate. The heat transfer coefficient and ventilation characteristic parameters of the space envelope are determined by fitting numerical values ​​from big data or by collecting data from the system.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The heat transfer coefficient of the space envelope and the ventilation characteristic parameters are both related to the parameters indicating whether it is raining and the local wind speed.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps of filtering historical air conditioning operation data within the building space to be evaluated, local meteorological parameters outside the building space corresponding to the historical operation data, heat transfer coefficient of the building envelope, and ventilation characteristic parameters to obtain a data sample include: The first data sample is obtained by filtering the historical air conditioning operation data of the building space to be evaluated, the local meteorological parameters outside the building space to be evaluated corresponding to the historical operation data, the heat transfer coefficient of the space envelope and the ventilation characteristic parameters; wherein, the first screening condition characterizes the indoor air energy storage capacity requirement. According to the second screening criteria, the historical air conditioning operation data in the building space to be evaluated, the local meteorological parameters outside the building space to be evaluated corresponding to the historical operation data, the heat transfer coefficient of the space envelope and the ventilation characteristic parameters are screened to obtain the second data sample; wherein, the first screening criteria characterize the energy storage capacity requirements of the indoor envelope and objects. Wherein, the sum of the number of the first data sample and the number of the second data sample is greater than or equal to a preset quantity threshold.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second relationship is determined by the following formula: ； in, Heat absorption by building envelope and objects. Let a be the time constant, and a1, b1, c1, d1, e1, and f1 be the fitting coefficients. This refers to the indoor ambient temperature.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps of performing a comfort analysis of the building space based on the first heat capacity and / or the second heat capacity include at least one of the following: The time required for the building space to reach a comfortable level is determined based on the first heat capacity. The timing and temperature of the power demand response are determined based on the second heat capacity.

8. An analytical device for building heat capacity, characterized in that, The device includes: The data sample acquisition module is used to filter the historical air conditioning operation data in the building space to be evaluated, the local meteorological parameters outside the building space to be evaluated corresponding to the historical operation data, the heat transfer coefficient of the space envelope and the ventilation characteristic parameters according to the preset screening conditions, so as to obtain a data sample; The first fitting calculation module is used to perform a first fitting based on multiple data samples to obtain a first relationship between the temperature of the air in the building space and time, and to determine the first heat capacity of the air in the building space based on the first relationship. The second fitting calculation module is used to perform a second fitting based on multiple data samples to obtain a second relationship of the heat absorption time change of the building envelope and the object, and to determine the second heat capacity of the building envelope and the object based on the second relationship; wherein, the second relationship is determined based on the heat absorption, time constant, multiple fitting coefficients and indoor ambient temperature of the building envelope and the object. A comfort analysis module is used to perform a comfort analysis of the building space based on the first heat capacity and / or the second heat capacity. The first relationship is determined by the following formula: Where T is the temperature of the air inside the building space. Let be the time constant, and a, b, and c be the fitting coefficients; The first heat capacity of air inside a building space is determined by the following formula: ;in, 1 is the first heat capacity of the air in the building space, KA is the heat transfer coefficient of the space envelope, F is the ventilation characteristic parameter, and Δh is the enthalpy of indoor and outdoor air. The second fitting calculation module is used to integrate the formula of the second relationship to obtain the total heat of the building envelope and the object; wherein, the integration time is the time from the start-up time of the air conditioner indoor unit to the time when the wall temperature reaches a stable state; the total heat is divided by the temperature difference of the wall temperature during the integration time to obtain the second heat capacity of the building envelope and the object.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing computer-executable instructions that can be executed by the processor, the processor executing the computer-executable instructions to implement the method for analyzing building heat capacity according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, which, when invoked and executed by a processor, cause the processor to implement the method for analyzing building heat capacity as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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