Experimental device and method for physical simulation of geological structure deformation

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a geological structure deformation physical simulation experimental device and an experimental method, and belongs to the field of geological structure deformation. The geological structure deformation physical simulation experimental device includes a square bottom plate, a first fixed baffle, a second fixed baffle, a third fixed baffle, a movable baffle and a first cutting knife. The first fixed baffle is connected to the first surface; the second fixed baffle is opposite to and parallel to the first fixed baffle, and the second fixed baffle is detachably connected to the first surface; the third fixed baffle is located between the first fixed baffle and the second fixed baffle; the movable baffle is opposite to the third fixed baffle, and the movable baffle is slidably connected to the first surface; the length of the first cutting knife is equal to the distance between the first fixed baffle and the second fixed baffle; the surface of the first fixed baffle has a plurality of first through grooves arranged at intervals, and the first through groove is used to place one end of the first cutting knife.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of geological structure deformation, and in particular to a geological structure deformation physical simulation experimental device and an experimental method. Background Art

[0002] The physical simulation experiment of geological structural deformation is an experiment used to simulate the structural deformation of geological processes, and can be used to understand the characteristics of structural deformation of geological processes. The physical simulation experiment of geological structural deformation is widely used in the study of plate tectonics and oil and gas basin structures. The experiment simulates the structural deformation of actual geological processes, which is an important means of dynamically studying complex structural deformation processes and their mechanisms, and is also an important method for quantitatively analyzing and evaluating the formation and evolution of oil and gas structural traps.

[0003] In the related art, the physical simulation experimental device for geological structure deformation includes a transparent sand box and a camera. The top of the sand box is open, and the camera is located on the side of the sand box. A simulated stratum (generally a sand layer) is laid in the sand box. During the experiment, the camera records the deformation process of the cross-section of the simulated stratum by taking pictures.

[0004] However, the slope surface in the image obtained by the camera is the surface in contact with the side wall of the sand box. The friction between the simulated stratum and the side wall of the sand box causes a certain difference between the structural deformation of the section and the actual structural deformation, which affects the accuracy of the experiment. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiment of the present disclosure provides a geological structure deformation physical simulation experimental device and experimental method, which can improve the accuracy of the experiment. The technical solution is as follows:

[0006] On the one hand, the present disclosure provides a geological structure deformation physical simulation experimental device, the geological structure deformation physical simulation experimental device comprising: a square bottom plate, having a first surface, the first surface having four side edges; a first fixed baffle, one side of the first fixed baffle is connected to the first surface, the first fixed baffle is located at a first side edge of the four side edges, and the first side edge extends along a first direction; a second fixed baffle is opposite to and parallel to the first fixed baffle, one side of the second fixed baffle is detachably connected to the first surface, and the second fixed baffle is located at a second side edge of the four side edges; a third fixed baffle is located between the first fixed baffle and the second fixed baffle, two opposite side edges of the third fixed baffle are detachably connected to the first fixed baffle and the second fixed baffle respectively, and the other side edge of the third fixed baffle is detachably connected to the first fixed baffle and the second fixed baffle. The first surface is detachably connected, and the third fixed baffle is located at the third side of the four sides; a movable baffle is opposite to the third fixed baffle, and the movable baffle is located between the first fixed baffle and the second fixed baffle, and one side of the movable baffle is slidably connected to the first surface, and the sliding direction of the movable baffle is parallel to the first direction; a first cutting knife, the length of the first cutting knife is equal to the distance between the first fixed baffle and the second fixed baffle; wherein the movable baffle, the first fixed baffle, the second fixed baffle, the third fixed baffle and the bottom plate constitute a accommodating cavity with an opening, and the surface of the first fixed baffle opposite to the second fixed baffle has a plurality of first through grooves arranged at intervals, and the length direction of the first through groove is perpendicular to the first surface, and the first through groove is used to place one end of the first cutting knife.

[0007] In one implementation of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first surface has two convex-shaped through grooves, the length directions of the two convex-shaped through grooves are perpendicular to each other and are connected to each other, and the two convex-shaped through grooves are respectively located on the second side and the third side; the side surface on which the second fixed baffle is connected to the first surface, and the side surface on which the third fixed baffle is connected to the first surface both have a convex-shaped protrusion, and the convex-shaped protrusions on the second fixed baffle and the third fixed baffle are respectively located in the two convex-shaped through grooves.

[0008] In an implementation of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the bottom surfaces of the two convex-shaped through grooves each have a first sealing rubber strip, the first sealing rubber strip is in contact with the convex-shaped protrusion, and the length direction of the first sealing rubber strip is the same as the length direction of the convex-shaped through groove.

[0009] In one implementation of the embodiment of the present disclosure, in a direction perpendicular to the first surface, the height of the movable baffle is greater than the height of the first fixed baffle, and the height of the movable baffle is greater than the height of the second fixed baffle, and the geological structure deformation physical simulation experimental device also includes: a sleeve plate, which is sleeved on the end of the movable baffle away from the bottom plate and is detachably connected to the movable baffle, and the sleeve plate has a plurality of second through grooves arranged at intervals on the surface facing the third fixed baffle, and the length direction of the second through grooves is perpendicular to the first surface; a second cutting knife, the length of the second cutting knife is equal to the distance between the third fixed baffle and the movable baffle during the test, and the second through groove is used to place one end of the second cutting knife.

[0010] In an implementation of the embodiment of the present disclosure, a first scale is provided on the side of the sleeve plate away from the bottom plate.

[0011] In one implementation of the embodiment of the present disclosure, in a direction perpendicular to the first surface, the height of the first fixed baffle is equal to the height of the second fixed baffle, and the height of the sleeve plate is equal to the difference between the height of the movable baffle and the height of the first fixed baffle.

[0012] In one implementation of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the movable baffle has at least one third through groove on both sides opposite to the first fixed baffle and the second fixed baffle, the length direction of the third through groove is perpendicular to the first surface, and the width of the third through groove is greater than the width of the first through groove. The geological structure deformation physical simulation experimental device also includes: a second rubber pad, which is located in the third through groove and is in contact with the bottom surface of the third through groove, and is in contact with the first fixed baffle or the second fixed baffle, and the length direction of the second rubber pad is the same as the length direction of the third through groove.

[0013] In an implementation of the embodiment of the present disclosure, both the second fixed baffle and the third fixed baffle are transparent baffles.

[0014] In an implementation of the embodiment of the present disclosure, a second scale is provided on a side edge of the second fixed baffle, and a length direction of the second scale is perpendicular to the first surface.

[0015] On the other hand, the present disclosure provides a geological structure deformation physical simulation experimental method, which is applied to the geological structure deformation physical simulation experimental device described above, and the method includes: laying a sand layer in the accommodating cavity to obtain an experimental model; moving the movable baffle along the first direction so that the movable baffle squeezes the experimental model to obtain a deformed experimental model; injecting a bonding liquid into the deformed experimental model to obtain a bonded experimental model; using the first cutting knife to cut the bonded experimental model along the length direction of the first through groove to obtain two cut experimental models; removing the second fixed baffle and the third fixed baffle, and separating the two cut experimental models from the cutting position, and using the opposite surfaces of the two cut experimental models as experimental sections; determining the characteristics of geological structure deformation based on the experimental sections.

[0016] The beneficial effects brought by the technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure include at least:

[0017] When using the geological structure deformation physical simulation experimental device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, first lay a sand layer in the containing cavity to obtain an experimental model; then move the movable baffle along the first direction so that the movable baffle squeezes the experimental model to obtain a deformed experimental model; then inject a bonding liquid into the deformed experimental model to obtain a bonded experimental model; then use a first cutting knife to cut the bonded experimental model; then remove the second fixed baffle and the third fixed baffle, and separate the two cut experimental models from the cutting position, and use the opposite surfaces of the two cut experimental models as experimental sections; finally observe the experimental section to study geological structural deformation. Since the experimental section is obtained by cutting, the experimental section is located inside the experimental model, has no contact with the baffle, and does not have the effect of friction, so the baffle will not affect the simulation process of the experimental model, which can improve the accuracy of the experiment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present disclosure. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a geological structure deformation physical simulation experimental device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0020] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a first cutting knife provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0021] Figure 3is a side view of a base plate provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a flow chart of a geological structure deformation physical simulation experimental method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure more clear, the embodiments of the present disclosure will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a physical simulation experimental device for geological structure deformation provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 1 The geological structure deformation physical simulation experimental device includes: a square bottom plate 10, a first fixed baffle 20, a second fixed baffle 30, a third fixed baffle 40, and a movable baffle 50. The bottom plate 10 has a first surface 101, and the first surface 101 has four side edges 102. One side of the first fixed baffle 20 is connected to the first surface 101, and the first fixed baffle 20 is located at a first side edge 121 of the four side edges 102, and the first side edge 121 extends along a first direction a. The second fixed baffle 30 is opposite to and parallel to the first fixed baffle 20, and one side of the second fixed baffle 30 is detachably connected to the first surface 101, and the second fixed baffle 30 is located at a second side edge 122 of the four side edges 102. The third fixed baffle 40 is located between the first fixed baffle 20 and the second fixed baffle 30. Two opposite side surfaces of the third fixed baffle 40 are detachably connected to the first fixed baffle 20 and the second fixed baffle 30 respectively. The other side surface of the third fixed baffle 40 is detachably connected to the first surface 101. The third fixed baffle 40 is located on the third side 123 of the four side surfaces 102. The third side 123 extends along the second direction b. The movable baffle 50 is opposite to the third fixed baffle 40. The movable baffle 50 is located between the first fixed baffle 20 and the second fixed baffle 30. One side surface of the movable baffle 50 is slidably connected to the first surface 101.

[0025] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of a first cutting knife provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2 The geological structure deformation physical simulation experimental device further includes: a first cutting knife 200. The length L7 of the first cutting knife 200 is equal to the distance between the first fixed baffle 20 and the second fixed baffle 30.

[0026] The sliding direction of the movable baffle 50 is parallel to the first direction a. The movable baffle 50, the first fixed baffle 20, the second fixed baffle 30, the third fixed baffle 40 and the bottom plate 10 constitute a receiving cavity 100 with an opening. The surface of the first fixed baffle 20 opposite to the second fixed baffle 30 has a plurality of first through grooves 201 arranged at intervals. The length direction of the first through groove 201 is perpendicular to the first surface 101, and the length direction of the first through groove 201 is the third direction c. The first through groove 201 is used to place one end of the first cutting knife 200.

[0027] When using the geological structure deformation physical simulation experimental device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, first lay a sand layer in the containing cavity to obtain an experimental model; then move the movable baffle along the first direction so that the movable baffle squeezes the experimental model to obtain a deformed experimental model; then inject a bonding liquid into the deformed experimental model to obtain a bonded experimental model; then use a first cutting knife to cut the bonded experimental model; then remove the second fixed baffle and the third fixed baffle, and separate the two cut experimental models from the cutting position, and use the opposite surfaces of the two cut experimental models as experimental sections; finally observe the experimental section to study geological structural deformation. Since the experimental section is obtained by cutting, the experimental section is located inside the experimental model, has no contact with the baffle, and does not have the effect of friction, so the baffle will not affect the simulation process of the experimental model, which can improve the accuracy of the experiment.

[0028] The geological structure deformation physical simulation experimental device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure can perform multiple cuts on the experimental model during the experiment to obtain multiple experimental sections, so that the multiple experimental sections inside the experimental model can be observed and analyzed, thereby reducing accidental errors and further improving the accuracy of the experiment.

[0029] See again Figure 1 , a plurality of first through slots 201 are arranged along the first direction a, and a third scale 110 is provided on the side of the first fixed baffle 20 away from the bottom plate 10. The length direction of the third scale 110 is parallel to the first direction a.

[0030] A third scale 110 is arranged on the side of the first fixed baffle 20 to facilitate the staff to observe the distance during cutting and select the distance between two adjacent experimental sections according to actual needs.

[0031] like Figure 1As shown, the receiving cavity 100 is a rectangular cavity, the length L1 of the receiving cavity 100 ranges from 30 cm to 40 cm, the width L2 of the receiving cavity 100 ranges from 25 cm to 35 cm, and the height L3 of the receiving cavity 100 ranges from 10 cm to 15 cm. The length L1 of the receiving cavity 100 is the size of the receiving cavity 100 in the first direction a, the width L2 of the receiving cavity 100 is the size of the receiving cavity 100 in the second direction b, the second direction b is perpendicular to the first direction a, and the height L3 of the receiving cavity 100 is the size of the receiving cavity 100 in the third direction c, and the first direction a, the second direction b and the third direction c are perpendicular to each other.

[0032] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, since the movable baffle 50 can slide along the first direction a, the length L1 of the accommodating cavity 100 is variable. When the positions of the first fixed baffle 20 and the second fixed baffle 30 are determined, the width L2 of the accommodating cavity 100 is fixed. After the heights of the first fixed baffle 20, the second fixed baffle 30 and the third fixed baffle 40 are fixed, the height L3 of the accommodating cavity 100 is also fixed. For example, the width L2 of the accommodating cavity 100 is 30 cm, and the height L3 of the accommodating cavity 100 is 13 cm. The width L2 of the accommodating cavity 100 does not include the depth of the first through groove 201.

[0033] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, when the width L2 of the accommodating cavity 100 is 30 centimeters, the length L7 of the first cutting knife 200 is 30 centimeters.

[0034] See again Figure 1 The first surface 101 has two convex through grooves 103, the length directions of the two convex through grooves 103 are perpendicular to each other and connected to each other. The two convex through grooves 103 are respectively located at the second side 122 and the third side 123.

[0035] Figure 3 The side surface of the second fixed baffle 30 connected to the first surface 101 has a convex protrusion 301 , and the convex protrusion 301 on the second fixed baffle 30 is located in one of the two convex through grooves 103 .

[0036] In the embodiment disclosed in the present invention, the convex-shaped through groove 103 and the convex-shaped protrusion 301 cooperate with each other. The convex-shaped protrusion 301 of the second fixed baffle 30 is inserted into the convex-shaped through groove 103 from one end of the convex-shaped through groove 103, and then the second fixed baffle 30 is slid to connect the second fixed baffle 30 with the base plate 10. When the second fixed baffle 30 needs to be removed, the convex-shaped protrusion 301 of the second fixed baffle 30 can be pulled out from the convex-shaped through groove 103.

[0037] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the connection mode between the third fixed baffle 40 and the first surface 101 is the same as the connection mode between the second fixed baffle 30 and the first surface 101. The side surface where the third fixed baffle 40 is connected to the first surface 101 also has a convex protrusion, which is located in the other convex through groove 103 of the two convex through grooves 103. The structure of the third fixed baffle 40 is the same as that of the second fixed baffle 30, which is not shown in the present disclosure.

[0038] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the thickness D1 of the bottom plate 10 is in the range of 1.5 cm to 3.5 cm to ensure the stability of the bottom plate 10. For example, the thickness D1 of the bottom plate 10 is 2 cm.

[0039] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the length of the bottom plate 10 ranges from 40 cm to 45 cm. For example, the length of the bottom plate 10 is 42 cm.

[0040] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the width of the bottom plate 10 ranges from 33 cm to 40 cm. For example, the width of the bottom plate 10 is 35 cm.

[0041] In the disclosed embodiment, the depth L6 of the convex through groove 103 ranges from 0.5 cm to 1 cm. For example, the depth of the first through groove 201 is 1 cm.

[0042] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the thickness D2 of the second fixed baffle plate 30 ranges from 0.5 cm to 2 cm. For example, the thickness D2 of the second fixed baffle plate 30 is 1 cm.

[0043] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the thickness of the third fixed baffle plate 40 ranges from 0.5 cm to 2 cm. For example, the thickness of the third fixed baffle plate 40 is 1 cm.

[0044] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, since the surface of the first fixed baffle 20 has a plurality of first through grooves 201 arranged at intervals, the thickness of the first fixed baffle 20 is relatively thick, thereby ensuring the strength of the first fixed baffle 20. The thickness of the first fixed baffle 20 ranges from 1.5 cm to 3.5 cm, for example, the thickness of the first fixed baffle 20 is 2 cm.

[0045] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the depth of the first through slot 201 ranges from 0.5 cm to 1.5 cm, for example, the depth of the first through slot 201 is 1.0 cm. The depth of the first through slot 201 is the distance between the bottom surface of the first through slot 201 and the surface of the first fixed baffle 20.

[0046] See again Figure 1The bottom surface of the convex through groove 103 has a first sealing rubber strip 104. The first sealing rubber strip 104 is in contact with the convex protrusion 301. The length direction of the first sealing rubber strip 104 is the same as the length direction of the convex through groove 103.

[0047] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, after the experiment is completed, it is necessary to inject cementing liquid into the experimental model, and the cementing liquid may overflow from the convex groove 103, which is inconvenient to clean. A first sealing rubber strip 104 is arranged in the convex groove 103, so that the cementing liquid cannot overflow from the convex groove 103.

[0048] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the height of the first fixed baffle 20 is equal to the height of the second fixed baffle 30 , and both are equal to the height L3 of the accommodating cavity 100 .

[0049] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, in a direction perpendicular to the first surface 101 , a height L4 of the movable baffle 50 is greater than a height of the first fixed baffle 20 .

[0050] In the disclosed embodiment, since the movable baffle 50 is slidably connected to the base plate 10 and the height L4 of the movable baffle 50 is greater than the height of the first fixed baffle 20 , the raised portion of the movable baffle 50 can be connected to a driving device to drive the movable baffle 50 to slide.

[0051] In the disclosed embodiment, the movable baffle 50 is connected to the driving shaft of the driving device, and the driving device drives the movable baffle 50 to move through the driving shaft, which is more convenient. At the same time, the movable baffle 50 is connected to the driving shaft, which is convenient for fixing the movable baffle 50.

[0052] Exemplarily, the driving device may be a fixed-speed motor, which has a device for converting rotation into linear movement, thereby driving the sliding of the movable baffle 50 .

[0053] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the sliding speed of the movable baffle 50 ranges from 0.001 mm / s to 0.03 mm / s. In one experiment, the sliding time of the movable baffle 50 ranges from 5 hours (h) to 30 hours.

[0054] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the length of the movable baffle 50 is slightly smaller than the width L2 of the accommodating cavity 100, so as to facilitate the sliding of the movable baffle 50. For example, the length of the movable baffle 50 is 29.9 centimeters.

[0055] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the height L4 of the movable baffle 50 is between 18 cm and 23 cm. For example, the height L4 of the movable baffle 50 is 20 cm.

[0056] See again Figure 1The geological structure deformation physical simulation experimental device also includes: a sleeve plate 60. The sleeve plate 60 is sleeved on the end of the movable baffle 50 away from the bottom plate 10, and is detachably connected to the movable baffle 50. The sleeve plate 60 has a plurality of second through grooves 601 arranged at intervals on the surface facing the third fixed baffle 40, and the length direction of the second through grooves 601 is perpendicular to the first surface 101. Among them, the geological structure deformation physical simulation experimental device also includes a second cutting knife, the length of the second cutting knife is equal to the distance between the third fixed baffle 40 and the movable baffle 50 during the test, and the second through groove 601 is used to place one end of the second cutting knife.

[0057] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the experimental section obtained by inserting the first cutting knife 200 into the first through groove 201 is parallel to the second direction b. In order to provide the accuracy of the experiment, it is also necessary to observe the experimental sections in other directions. The geological structure deformation physical simulation experimental device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure arranges a sleeve plate 60, and a plurality of second through grooves 601 arranged at intervals are provided on the surface of the sleeve plate 60 facing the third fixed baffle plate 40. After the experiment is completed, the second cutting knife is used to cut the glued experimental model along the length direction of the second through grooves 601, and the obtained experimental section is parallel to the first direction a, so that multiple experimental sections in the experimental model can be understood, and the accuracy of the experiment can be improved.

[0058] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the length of the second cutting knife may be equal to 34 centimeters.

[0059] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the depth of the second through groove 601 is between 0.8 cm and 1.2 cm. For example, the depth of the second through groove 601 is 1.0 cm.

[0060] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the distance between two adjacent second through grooves 601 is between 0.8 cm and 1.2 cm. For example, the depth of the second through groove 601 is 1.0 cm.

[0061] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the distance between the third fixed baffle 40 and the movable baffle 50 during the test refers to the distance between the third fixed baffle 40 and the movable baffle 50 when the experimental model after bonding is obtained.

[0062] See again Figure 3 The first cutting knife 200 includes a blade 2001 and a handle 2002. The blade 2001 is used for cutting, and the handle 2002 is used for holding. The height H1 of the blade 2001 is slightly greater than the height L3 of the accommodating cavity 100, so that the blade 2001 protrudes a certain amount after being inserted into the experimental model. At this time, the two cut experimental models can be separated by slightly shaking the first cutting knife 200. The first cutting knife 200 can cut the experimental model in place at one time, ensuring the quality of the experimental section.

[0063] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the height H1 of the blade 2001 ranges from 13 cm to 20 cm. For example, the height H1 of the blade 2001 is 15 cm.

[0064] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the height H2 of the knife handle 2002 ranges from 3 cm to 5 cm. For example, the height H2 of the knife handle 2002 is 4 cm.

[0065] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the length L8 of the handle 2002 ranges from 15 cm to 20 cm. For example, the length L8 of the handle 2002 is 18 cm.

[0066] The structure of the second cutting knife is the same as that of the first cutting knife 200 , but the size is different, which will not be described in detail in this disclosure.

[0067] See again Figure 1 The plurality of second through slots 601 are arranged along the second direction b, and the side of the cover plate 60 away from the bottom plate 10 has a first scale 70. The length direction of the third scale 110 is parallel to the second direction b.

[0068] In the disclosed embodiment, a first scale 70 is arranged on the side of the sleeve plate 60 away from the bottom plate 10 to facilitate the staff to observe the distance during cutting and select the distance between two adjacent experimental sections according to actual needs.

[0069] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, in the direction perpendicular to the first surface 101, that is, in the third direction c, the height of the first fixed baffle 20 is equal to the height of the second fixed baffle 30, and the height of the sleeve plate 60 is equal to the difference between the height of the movable baffle 50 and the height of the first fixed baffle 20. This ensures that the length of the second through slot 601 is long enough to avoid the second cutting blade from tilting during cutting, which affects the quality of the experimental section.

[0070] In the disclosed embodiment, the height of the sleeve plate 60 is equal to 5 centimeters.

[0071] In the disclosed embodiment, the thickness of the cover plate 60 is between 1.8 cm and 2.5 cm. For example, the thickness of the cover plate 60 is 2 cm.

[0072] In the disclosed embodiment, the sleeve plate 60 has a cavity in the middle, and the thickness of a side wall in the cavity is between 0.1 cm and 0.5 cm. For example, the thickness of the side wall is 0.3 cm.

[0073] See again Figure 1The movable baffle 50 has at least one third through groove 501 on the two sides opposite to the first fixed baffle 20 and the second fixed baffle 30, and the length direction of the third through groove 501 is perpendicular to the first surface 101. The geological structure deformation physical simulation experimental device also includes: a second rubber pad 80, the second rubber pad 80 is located in the third through groove 501 and is in contact with the bottom surface of the third through groove 501, and is in contact with the first fixed baffle 20 or the second fixed baffle 30, and the length direction of the second rubber pad 80 is the same as the length direction of the third through groove 501.

[0074] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, during the experiment, the adhesive liquid may overflow from the connection between the movable baffle 50 and the first fixed baffle 20, as well as the movable baffle 50 and the second fixed baffle 30. A third through groove 501 is arranged on the two opposite sides of the movable baffle 50 and the first fixed baffle 20 and the second fixed baffle 30, and the second rubber pad 80 is located in the third through groove 501, so that the adhesive liquid cannot overflow from the connection between the movable baffle 50 and the first fixed baffle 20, as well as the movable baffle 50 and the second fixed baffle 30, thereby avoiding affecting the experimental results.

[0075] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the width of the second rubber pad 80 is equal to the width of the third through slot 501 , and the width of the third through slot 501 is greater than the width of the first through slot 201 , so that when the movable baffle 50 moves, the second rubber pad 80 will not enter the first through slot 201 and affect the movement of the movable baffle 50 .

[0076] Exemplarily, the width of the third through slot 501 is between 0.3 cm and 0.6 cm. For example, the width of the third through slot 501 is 0.5 cm.

[0077] Exemplarily, the width of the first through slot 201 is between 0.05 cm and 0.15 cm. For example, the width of the first through slot 201 is 0.1 cm.

[0078] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the distance between adjacent first through slots 201 is between 0.5 cm and 1.5 cm. For example, the distance between adjacent first through slots 201 is 1.0 cm.

[0079] To ensure that the width of the third through slot 501 is between 0.3 cm and 0.6 cm, the thickness of the movable baffle 50 is greater than the thickness of the first fixed baffle 20, the second fixed baffle 30 and the third fixed baffle 40. Exemplarily, the thickness of the movable baffle 50 ranges from 1.8 cm to 3 cm, for example, the thickness of the movable baffle 50 is 2 cm.

[0080] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, both the second fixed baffle 30 and the third fixed baffle 40 are transparent baffles.

[0081] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, since the experiment takes a long time, the second fixed baffle 30 and the third fixed baffle 40 are arranged as transparent baffles. During the experiment, high-definition cameras, particle imaging velocimetry (PIV) instruments and other recording equipment can be set in front of the second fixed baffle 30 and the third fixed baffle 40 to record the changes in the experimental model during the experiment, which is convenient for subsequent analysis.

[0082] Exemplarily, the second fixed baffle 30 and the third fixed baffle 40 may be transparent plastic baffles. The friction coefficient of plastic is small, so as to avoid affecting the experiment.

[0083] In the disclosed embodiment, the first fixed baffle 20, the movable baffle 50 and the bottom plate 10 can all be made of transparent materials, such as transparent plastic.

[0084] See again Figure 1 A second scale 90 is provided on the side of the second fixed baffle 30, and the length direction of the second scale 90 is perpendicular to the first surface 101. This facilitates the staff to observe the change process of the experimental model in the third direction c during the experiment.

[0085] See again Figure 1 The side of the second fixed baffle 30 away from the bottom plate has a fourth scale 120, and the length direction of the fourth scale 120 is parallel to the second direction b. This facilitates the staff to observe the change process of the experimental model in the second direction b during the experiment.

[0086] A horizontal length ruler (fourth ruler 120) and a vertical length ruler (second ruler 90) are provided at the edge of the removable second fixed baffle 30, and are used as distance references when laying simulated materials and observing deformation.

[0087] See again Figure 1 A sealing rubber 140 is arranged at the connection between the first fixed baffle 20 and the second fixed baffle 30, so that the liquid cannot overflow from the connection between the first fixed baffle 20 and the second fixed baffle 30, thereby avoiding affecting the experimental results.

[0088] See again Figure 1 A sealing rubber 140 is arranged at the connection between the second fixed baffle 30 and the third fixed baffle 40, so that the liquid cannot overflow from the connection between the second fixed baffle 30 and the third fixed baffle 40, thereby avoiding affecting the experimental results.

[0089] See again Figure 1 The first fixed baffle 20 and the second fixed baffle 30 may be connected by bolts 150 , and the second fixed baffle 30 and the third fixed baffle 40 may be connected by bolts 150 .

[0090] The geological structure deformation physical simulation device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure can perfectly cut out the model section at a fixed interval at any position inside the structural physical simulation sand box, which is convenient for observing the real and fine structural features inside the model. The cutting position is controllable, and the formed experimental section is clear and intuitive, and the operation is simple and convenient. The obtained experimental section can be compared and analyzed with other geological data such as three-dimensional seismic sections, providing necessary reference basis for studying the mechanism of structural evolution and promoting oil and gas exploration and production. The geological structure deformation physical simulation device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure can be used to obtain the fine structural deformation characteristics of different positions inside the experimental model. Compared with the experimental sections obtained by traditional devices, it is more realistic, intuitive and diverse.

[0091] Figure 4 This is a flow chart of a geological structure deformation physical simulation experimental method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure. This experimental method is applied to the geological structure deformation physical simulation experimental device mentioned above, see Figure 4 , the experimental methods include:

[0092] In step S41, a sand layer is laid in the containing cavity to obtain an experimental model.

[0093] In the disclosed embodiment, the sand layer may be quartz sand. Loose quartz sand and other granular materials have similar stress-strain laws to natural rocks and can simulate actual stratum deformation.

[0094] Exemplarily, the tectonic physical simulation uses granular materials such as quartz sand and micro glass beads of different particle sizes, which have a certain porosity and permeability. After containing water, tensile force is formed between water molecules and sand particles, which increases the cohesive force between the sand particles and puts the sand layer in a semi-consolidated state with strong plasticity.

[0095] In step S42, the movable baffle is moved along a first direction so that the movable baffle presses the test model to obtain a deformed test model.

[0096] Exemplarily, the movable baffle may be driven to move by a driving device.

[0097] For example, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the sliding speed of the movable baffle is in the range of 0.001 mm / s to 0.03 mm / s. In one experiment, the sliding time of the movable baffle is in the range of 5 hours to 30 hours.

[0098] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the method further includes:

[0099] The top surface of the deformed experimental model was covered with a sand layer of a different color from the top layer as a protective layer to distinguish it, and then covered with paper towels to prevent the internal deformation pattern from being destroyed during water injection or cutting.

[0100] In step S43, a bonding liquid is injected into the deformed experimental model to obtain a bonded experimental model.

[0101] Illustratively, the binding liquid may be water or gelatin.

[0102] In the experiment, there are non-deformation areas or slightly deformed areas (such as the corners at the end of the sand box). These areas have little effect on the results of the experiment. Water can be slowly injected into the non-deformation areas until the water no longer invades the top sand layer. If there is a water-impermeable simulation material such as silica gel in the experimental model, the material can be pierced downward in the non-deformation area where the section does not need to be cut to allow water to continue to infiltrate. Observe the transparent bottom and sides of the sand box to check whether the water in each part of the sand layer is completely saturated.

[0103] Use paper towels to blot excess moisture from the surface of the model, removing the paper towels previously placed on the top surface.

[0104] In step S44, a first cutting knife is used to cut the bonded experimental model along the length direction of the first through groove to obtain two cut experimental models.

[0105] Select the section direction to be observed, and first insert the first cutting knife into the groove closest to the removable fixed baffle in that direction.

[0106] In step S45, the second fixed baffle and the third fixed baffle are removed, and the two cut experimental models are separated from the cutting position, and the opposite surfaces of the two cut experimental models are used as experimental sections.

[0107] The second and third fixed baffles can be removed only after the first cutting knife cuts into the model to ensure that the model will not be damaged by removing the baffles. The first cutting knife is moved to scrape the remaining sand body to the outside of the model, thereby obtaining the first section inside the model. The first cutting knife is used to cut backwards along the groove in sequence to obtain sections at different positions inside the model, thereby observing the real and fine structural features inside the model.

[0108] Exemplarily, the method further includes: using a second cutting knife to cut the experimental model along a second direction to obtain other experimental sections.

[0109] In step S46, the characteristics of geological structural deformation are determined based on the experimental section.

[0110] In the implementation of the present disclosure, a camera can be used to record the image of each section, and then the section can be drawn on a drawing software to observe the changing trends of folds and faults on each section, so as to determine the characteristics of geological structural deformation.

[0111] Exemplarily, the drawing software is CorelDraw.

[0112] Since the experimental section is obtained by cutting, it is located inside the experimental model and has no contact with the baffle, and there is no friction, so the baffle will not affect the simulation process of the experimental model, which can improve the accuracy of the experiment.

[0113] The above description is only an optional embodiment of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the present disclosure. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present disclosure shall be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A geological structure deformation physical simulation experimental device, characterized in that: The geological structure deformation physical simulation experimental device comprises: A square bottom plate (10) having a first surface (101), wherein the first surface (101) has four side edges (102); a first fixed baffle (20), one side of the first fixed baffle (20) being connected to the first surface (101), the first fixed baffle (20) being located on a first side edge (121) of the four side edges (102), the first side edge (121) extending along a first direction; a second fixed baffle (30), opposite to and parallel to the first fixed baffle (20), one side surface of the second fixed baffle (30) being detachably connected to the first surface (101), and the second fixed baffle (30) being located on a second side edge (122) of the four side edges (102); a third fixed baffle (40), located between the first fixed baffle (20) and the second fixed baffle (30), two opposite side surfaces of the third fixed baffle (40) being detachably connected to the first fixed baffle (20) and the second fixed baffle (30), respectively, another side surface of the third fixed baffle (40) being detachably connected to the first surface (101), and the third fixed baffle (40) being located on a third side surface (123) of the four side surfaces (102); a movable baffle (50), opposite to the third fixed baffle (40), the movable baffle (50) being located between the first fixed baffle (20) and the second fixed baffle (30), one side surface of the movable baffle (50) being slidably connected to the first surface (101), and a sliding direction of the movable baffle (50) being parallel to the first direction; a first cutting blade (200), wherein the length of the first cutting blade (200) is equal to the distance between the first fixed baffle (20) and the second fixed baffle (30); The movable baffle (50), the first fixed baffle (20), the second fixed baffle (30), the third fixed baffle (40) and the bottom plate (10) form a receiving cavity (100) with an opening, and the surface of the first fixed baffle (20) opposite to the second fixed baffle (30) has a plurality of first through grooves (201) arranged at intervals, the length direction of the first through groove (201) is perpendicular to the first surface (101), the first through groove (201) is used to place one end of the first cutting knife (200), and the depth of the first through groove (201) ranges from 0.5 cm to 1.5 cm; In a direction perpendicular to the first surface (101), the height of the movable baffle (50) is greater than the height of the first fixed baffle (20), and the height of the movable baffle (50) is greater than the height of the second fixed baffle (30). The geological structure deformation physical simulation experimental device further comprises: a sleeve plate (60), sleeved on an end of the movable baffle (50) away from the bottom plate (10), and detachably connected to the movable baffle (50); a plurality of second through grooves (601) arranged at intervals are provided on a surface of the sleeve plate (60) facing the third fixed baffle (40); the length direction of the second through grooves (601) is perpendicular to the first surface (101); the depth of the second through grooves (601) is between 0.8 cm and 1.2 cm, and the distance between two adjacent second through grooves (601) is between 0.8 cm and 1.2 cm; a second cutting knife, wherein the length of the second cutting knife is equal to the distance between the third fixed baffle plate (40) and the movable baffle plate (50) during the test, and the second through groove (601) is used to receive one end of the second cutting knife; The side of the sleeve plate (60) away from the bottom plate (10) is provided with a first scale (70); A second scale (90) is provided on the side of the second fixed baffle (30), and the length direction of the second scale (90) is perpendicular to the first surface (101).

2. The geological structure deformation physical simulation experimental device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first surface (101) has two convex through grooves (103), the length directions of the two convex through grooves (103) are perpendicular to each other and are connected to each other, and the two convex through grooves (103) are respectively located on the second side edge (122) and the third side edge (123); The side surface of the second fixed baffle (30) connected to the first surface (101), and the side surface of the third fixed baffle (40) connected to the first surface (101) both have a convex protrusion (301), and the convex protrusions (301) on the second fixed baffle (30) and the third fixed baffle (40) are respectively located in the two convex through grooves (103).

3. The geological structure deformation physical simulation experimental device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The bottom surfaces of the two convex-shaped through grooves (103) are each provided with a first sealing rubber strip (104), the first sealing rubber strip (104) being in contact with the convex-shaped protrusion (301), and the length direction of the first sealing rubber strip (104) being the same as the length direction of the convex-shaped through groove (103) in which it is located.

4. The geological structure deformation physical simulation experimental device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: In a direction perpendicular to the first surface (101), the height of the first fixed baffle (20) is equal to the height of the second fixed baffle (30), and the height of the sleeve plate (60) is equal to the difference between the height of the movable baffle (50) and the height of the first fixed baffle (20).

5. The geological structure deformation physical simulation experimental device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The movable baffle (50) has at least one third through slot (501) on two sides opposite to the first fixed baffle (20) and the second fixed baffle (30), the length direction of the third through slot (501) is perpendicular to the first surface (101), and the width of the third through slot (501) is greater than the width of the first through slot (201). The geological structure deformation physical simulation experimental device also includes: The second rubber pad (80) is located in the third through slot (501) and is in contact with the bottom surface of the third through slot (501), and is in contact with the first fixed baffle plate (20) or the second fixed baffle plate (30), and the length direction of the second rubber pad (80) is the same as the length direction of the third through slot (501).

6. The geological structure deformation physical simulation experimental device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The second fixed baffle (30) and the third fixed baffle (40) are both transparent baffles.

7. A geological structure deformation physical simulation experimental method, the experimental method is applied to the geological structure deformation physical simulation experimental device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The method comprises: Laying a sand layer in the containing cavity to obtain an experimental model; Moving the movable baffle along the first direction so that the movable baffle squeezes the experimental model to obtain a deformed experimental model; injecting a cementing liquid into the deformed experimental model to obtain a cemented experimental model; Using the first cutting knife to cut the bonded experimental model along the length direction of the first through groove to obtain two cut experimental models; The second fixed baffle and the third fixed baffle are removed, and the two cut experimental models are separated from the cut positions, and the opposite surfaces of the two cut experimental models are used as experimental sections; The characteristics of geological structural deformation are determined based on the experimental profile.

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