A method for threading a steel cable through the bottom of an underwater sunken ship using a crescent excavation device

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for threading a steel cable at the bottom of an underwater shipwreck by using a crescent tunneling equipment, which relates to the technical field of shipwreck salvage and comprises the following steps: step one: after investigating and exploring the shipwreck, determine the number and position of the steel cables to be threaded; step two: arrange the crescent tunneling equipment on one side of a preset steel cable threading point at the bottom of the shipwreck; step three: adjust the angle of the crescent tunneling equipment, operate the crescent tunneling equipment to tunnel a shield-type cutter head mechanism to the other side of the shipwreck, and connect a crescent-shaped support structure as needed; step four: while the tunneling equipment is tunneling forward, bring the bottom steel cable through the bottom of the shipwreck; the present invention adopts the crescent tunneling equipment and the shield-type cutter head to directly thread an aperture with a diameter of 1 meter, can directly bring the bottom steel cable through the bottom of the shipwreck, is applicable to almost all seabed substrates, and is conducive to completing the threading operation of the steel cable at the bottom of the shipwreck safely and efficiently.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of shipwreck salvage, and in particular to a method for threading a steel cable through the bottom of an underwater shipwreck by using a crescent excavation device. Background Art

[0002] In the salvage of sunken ships, the two most important issues to be solved are: one is the threading operation, which is to thread the lifting tool from the bottom of the sunken ship under the mud; the other is the lifting operation, which is to lift the sunken ship with the lifting tool threaded out of the water. Among them, threading the steel cable to the bottom of the sunken ship is one of the common methods in the threading operation. In the past, divers used bamboo poles to dig mud underwater, which was inefficient, or used the method of pulling the steel cable from the bow, which required the sunken ship to sink into the seabed mud very shallowly.

[0003] In recent years, the mechanized drilling mode is generally carried out by using a land-based jack-type directional drilling rig to thread the bottom steel cable, which greatly improves the efficiency. However, the jack-type directional drilling rig has a small borehole and has certain requirements for the seabed geology. It has great difficulties in environments such as sandy land and hard bottom with many rocks. In addition, since the bottom steel cable generally has a large wire lute head circle shape, it is not feasible to thread it together with the drill bit, and it generally requires multiple hole expansions to pull back the steel wire, which is inefficient. Therefore, the present invention proposes a method for threading the bottom steel cable of an underwater sunken ship using a crescent excavation equipment to solve the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a method for threading a steel cable on the bottom of an underwater shipwreck using a crescent tunneling equipment. The method adopts a crescent tunneling equipment and a shield-type cutter head to directly thread a hole with a diameter of 1 meter, and can directly bring the bottom steel cable through the bottom of the shipwreck. It is applicable to almost all seabed substrates, and is conducive to the safe and efficient completion of the threading operation of the steel cable on the bottom of the shipwreck.

[0005] To achieve the purpose of the present invention, the present invention is implemented by the following technical scheme: a method for threading a steel cable through the bottom of an underwater sunken ship using a crescent excavation device, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: After investigating and exploring the wreck, determine the number and location of the steel cables;

[0007] Step 2: Arrange the crescent excavation equipment on one side of the preset cable threading point at the bottom of the sunken ship;

[0008] Step 3: Adjust the angle of the crescent tunneling equipment, operate the crescent tunneling equipment to dig the shield cutter head mechanism to the other side of the wreck, and connect the crescent support structure as needed;

[0009] Step 4: As the excavation equipment moves forward, it also brings the bottom steel cable across the bottom of the sunken ship;

[0010] Step 5: On the other side of the wreck, after the excavation equipment cutter head is out of the mud, dive to receive and secure the bottom steel cable;

[0011] Step 6: Recover the crescent-shaped support structure and the tunneling cutter head device, and then recover them to the equipment body in sequence;

[0012] Step 7: Move the crescent excavation equipment to another location where the steel cable at the bottom of the sunken ship needs to be threaded, and repeat the above steps until all the threading is completed.

[0013] A further improvement is that in step one, the shipwreck is investigated and explored to determine the length and width of the shipwreck, evaluate the weight of the shipwreck, comprehensively determine the number of steel cables to be threaded, and determine the positions of the steel cables to be threaded according to the shape of the bottom of the shipwreck.

[0014] A further improvement is that in the step 2, when the crescent tunneling equipment is arranged, the crescent tunneling equipment is fixed on the seabed support surface through the equipment frame.

[0015] A further improvement is that in step three, the specific operation process is: the shield cutter head mechanism is excavated from one side of the shipwreck into the seabed mud, and excavated along the crescent-shaped arc to the other side of the shipwreck. During the excavation of the shield cutter head mechanism, the crescent-shaped support structure is connected, and the shield cutter head mechanism is supported in a crescent shape at the bottom of the shipwreck.

[0016] A further improvement is that in step three, during the process of connecting the crescent-shaped support structure, the crescent-shaped support structure is controlled to be one section of 10 meters.

[0017] A further improvement is that in step 4, the steel cable is released by the cable-releasing equipment of the mother ship, one end of the steel cable is connected to the shield-type cutter head mechanism, and during the excavation process, the steel cable is brought over the bottom of the sunken ship in a crescent-shaped arc from the bottom of the sunken ship.

[0018] A further improvement is that in step five, the bottom steel cable is received after being unloaded from the mud, one end of the steel cable is first fixed to the seabed surface by a fixing nail, and then the end of the steel cable unloaded from the mud is connected to the lifting equipment.

[0019] A further improvement is that in step six, the crescent-shaped support structure and the excavation cutter head device are recovered to the equipment body from the crescent-shaped channel excavated from the bottom of the sunken ship. During the recovery process, ensure that the steel cable passing through the bottom is not affected. After recovery, the bottom steel cable is used to support the bottom of the sunken ship.

[0020] A further improvement is that in step seven, when moving the crescent tunneling equipment, first dive to release the fixation of the equipment frame, and then use the lifting equipment of the mother ship to lift and move the crescent tunneling equipment.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] 1. The present invention adopts a crescent excavation device and a shield-type cutter head to directly penetrate a hole with a diameter of 1 meter, and can directly bring the bottom steel cable through the bottom of the sunken ship. It is applicable to almost all seabed substrates, which is conducive to completing the threading operation of the bottom steel cable of the sunken ship safely and efficiently.

[0023] 2. During the excavation process using the crescent excavation equipment of the present invention, the crescent-shaped support structure is connected, and the shield-type cutter head mechanism is supported in a crescent shape at the bottom of the sunken ship. After the bottom steel cable is subsequently supported under the sunken ship, the crescent-shaped support structure is recovered to ensure the support effect of the entire process, avoid collapse, and minimize damage to the underwater environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the excavation of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with examples. The examples are only used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention.

[0026] Embodiment 1

[0027] according to Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment proposes a method for threading a steel cable through the bottom of an underwater sunken ship using a crescent excavation device, comprising the following steps:

[0028] Step 1: After investigating and exploring the wreck, determine the number and location of the steel cables;

[0029] Step 2: Arrange the crescent excavation equipment on one side of the preset cable threading point at the bottom of the sunken ship;

[0030] Step 3: Adjust the angle of the crescent tunneling equipment, operate the crescent tunneling equipment to dig the shield cutter head mechanism to the other side of the wreck, and connect the crescent support structure as needed;

[0031] Step 4: As the excavation equipment moves forward, it also brings the bottom steel cable across the bottom of the sunken ship;

[0032] Step 5: On the other side of the wreck, after the excavation equipment cutter head is out of the mud, dive to receive and secure the bottom steel cable;

[0033] Step 6: Recover the crescent-shaped support structure and the tunneling cutter head device, and then recover them to the equipment body in sequence;

[0034] Step 7: Move the crescent excavation equipment to another location where the steel cable at the bottom of the sunken ship needs to be threaded, and repeat the above steps until all the threading is completed.

[0035] The present invention adopts a crescent excavation equipment and a shield-type cutter head to directly penetrate a hole with a diameter of 1 meter, and can directly bring the bottom steel cable through the bottom of the sunken ship. It is applicable to almost all seabed substrates, which is conducive to safely and efficiently completing the threading operation of the steel cable at the bottom of the sunken ship, and overcomes the shortcomings of the directional drilling rig method in the prior art.

[0036] Embodiment 2

[0037] according to Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment proposes a method for threading a steel cable through the bottom of an underwater sunken ship using a crescent excavation device, comprising the following steps:

[0038] After investigating and exploring the sunken ship, determine the number and location of the steel cables, specifically: investigate and explore the sunken ship, determine the length and width of the sunken ship, assess the weight of the sunken ship, comprehensively determine the number of steel cables to be threaded, and determine the location of the steel cables according to the bottom shape of the sunken ship; specifically determine the adaptability according to the actual structure of the sunken ship and list the solutions;

[0039] The crescent excavation equipment is arranged on one side of the preset cable threading point at the bottom of the sunken ship. When arranged, the crescent excavation equipment is fixed on the seabed support surface through the equipment frame; the frame is used for fixing to improve the fixing stability;

[0040] Adjust the angle of the crescent tunneling equipment, operate the crescent tunneling equipment to advance the shield cutter head mechanism to the other side of the sunken ship, and connect the crescent-shaped support structure as needed. The specific operation process is: dig the shield cutter head mechanism from one side of the sunken ship into the seabed mud, directly penetrate the 1-meter diameter aperture, and dig to the other side of the sunken ship along the crescent-shaped arc. During the excavation of the shield cutter head mechanism, connect the crescent-shaped support structure, follow the shield cutter head mechanism to support the bottom of the sunken ship in a crescent shape, and control the crescent-shaped support structure to be 10 meters in a section; during the excavation of the crescent tunneling equipment, connect the crescent-shaped support structure, follow the shield cutter head mechanism to support the bottom of the sunken ship in a crescent shape to ensure the support effect, avoid collapse, and minimize damage to the underwater environment;

[0041] The steel cable is released through the cable-releasing equipment of the mother ship, and one end of the steel cable is connected to the shield cutter head mechanism. While the excavation equipment is excavating forward, the steel cable is brought over the bottom of the sunken ship in a crescent-shaped arc. The bottom steel cable can be directly brought over the bottom of the sunken ship, which is applicable to almost all seabed sediments, and the threading operation of the steel cable at the bottom of the sunken ship can be completed safely and efficiently.

[0042] On the other side of the sunken ship, after the excavation equipment cutter head emerges from the mud, the diver receives the bottom steel cable emerging from the mud. First, one end of the steel cable is fixed to the seabed surface by fixing nails for temporary fixation. Later, the end of the steel cable emerging from the mud is connected to the lifting equipment for subsequent lifting of the steel cable and the sunken ship.

[0043] Recover the crescent-shaped support structure and the tunneling cutter head device, and recover them to the equipment body in sequence. Specifically, recover the crescent-shaped support structure and the tunneling cutter head device from the crescent-shaped channel excavated from the bottom of the sunken ship to the equipment body. During the recovery process, ensure that the steel cables passing through the bottom are not affected. After recovery, use the bottom steel cables to support the bottom of the sunken ship. After the bottom steel cables are subsequently supported under the sunken ship, recover the crescent-shaped support structure to ensure the support function of the entire process and avoid collapse.

[0044] Move the crescent tunneling equipment to another location where the steel cable at the bottom of the sunken ship needs to be threaded. Specifically, first dive to release the fixation of the equipment frame, and then use the lifting equipment of the mother ship to lift and move the crescent tunneling equipment; after moving, repeat the above steps until all the threading is completed.

[0045] The present invention uses a crescent excavation device and a shield-type cutter head to directly pass through an aperture with a diameter of 1 meter, and can directly bring the bottom steel cable through the bottom of the sunken ship. It is applicable to almost all seabed substrates, which is conducive to safely and efficiently completing the threading operation of the bottom steel cable of the sunken ship, and overcomes the shortcomings of the directional drilling rig method in the prior art. In addition, during the excavation process using the crescent excavation device of the present invention, the crescent-shaped support structure is connected, and the shield-type cutter head mechanism is supported in a crescent shape at the bottom of the sunken ship. After the bottom steel cable is supported under the sunken ship, the crescent-shaped support structure is recovered to ensure the support of the entire process, avoid collapse, and minimize damage to the underwater environment.

[0046] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for threading a steel cable through the bottom of an underwater sunken ship using a crescent excavation device, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: After investigating and exploring the wreck, determine the number and location of the steel cables; Step 2: Arrange the crescent excavation equipment on one side of the preset cable threading point at the bottom of the sunken ship; Step 3: Adjust the angle of the crescent tunneling equipment, operate the crescent tunneling equipment to dig the shield cutter head mechanism to the other side of the sunken ship, and connect the crescent support structure as needed; Step 4: While the crescent excavation equipment is moving forward, it also brings the bottom steel cable across the bottom of the sunken ship; Step 5: On the other side of the wreck, after the cutter head of the crescent excavation equipment is out of the mud, dive to receive and secure the bottom steel cable; Step 6: Recover the crescent-shaped support structure and the shield-type cutter head mechanism, and then recover them to the equipment body in sequence; Step 7: Move the Crescent Excavation Equipment to another location where the steel cable at the bottom of the sunken ship needs to be threaded, and repeat the above steps until all the cables are threaded; In the step three, the specific operation process is: dig the shield cutter head mechanism from one side of the sunken ship into the seabed mud, and dig along the crescent-shaped arc to the other side of the sunken ship. During the excavation process of the shield cutter head mechanism, the crescent-shaped support structure is connected, and the shield cutter head mechanism is supported in a crescent shape at the bottom of the sunken ship; during the process of connecting the crescent-shaped support structure, the crescent-shaped support structure is controlled to be 10 meters per section; In the step 4, the steel cable is released by the cable-releasing device of the mother ship, and one end of the steel cable is connected to the shield cutter head mechanism. During the excavation process, the steel cable is brought over the bottom of the sunken ship in a crescent-shaped arc from the bottom of the sunken ship; In step six, the crescent-shaped support structure and the shield-type cutter head mechanism are recovered to the equipment body from the crescent-shaped channel excavated from the bottom of the sunken ship. During the recovery process, ensure that the steel cables passing through the bottom are not affected. After recovery, the bottom steel cables are used to support the bottom of the sunken ship.

2. The method for threading a steel cable through the bottom of an underwater sunken ship using a crescent excavation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step one, the shipwreck is investigated and explored to determine the length and width of the shipwreck, evaluate the weight of the shipwreck, comprehensively determine the number of steel cables to be threaded, and determine the positions of the steel cables to be threaded according to the shape of the bottom of the shipwreck.

3. The method for threading a steel cable through the bottom of an underwater sunken ship using a crescent excavation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 2, when the crescent tunneling equipment is arranged, the crescent tunneling equipment is fixed on the seabed support surface through the equipment frame.

4. The method for threading a steel cable through the bottom of an underwater sunken ship using a crescent excavation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step five, the bottom steel cable after being out of the mud is received, and one end of the steel cable is first fixed to the seabed surface by fixing nails, and then the end of the steel cable out of the mud is connected to the lifting equipment.

5. The method for threading a steel cable through the bottom of an underwater sunken ship using a crescent excavation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step seven, when moving the crescent tunneling equipment, first dive to release the fixation of the equipment frame, and then use the lifting equipment of the mother ship to lift and move the crescent tunneling equipment.

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