A method for using a shared battery system for electric vehicles based on photovoltaic power generation

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for using a shared battery system for an electric vehicle based on photovoltaic power generation. There are three battery packs on the electric vehicle, the basic battery pack n1 and the intermediate battery pack n2 are both installed at the battery installation slot of the vehicle chassis, and the detachable shared battery pack n3 is installed at the shared battery installation slot of the car trunk; the three battery packs are independent of each other, the basic battery pack n1 cannot be disassembled by itself, and the intermediate battery pack n2 and the shared battery pack n3 can be disassembled independently without affecting each other. The present invention is used to solve the problem that most existing electric vehicles can only replace the entire battery of the vehicle, which requires special disassembly tools, is time-consuming and inconvenient. When the user runs out of power while driving on the highway, replacing the entire battery requires the user to wait for a long time, the replaced battery is damaged relative to the original battery, and the loss of damage is difficult to estimate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of new energy electric vehicles, and in particular to a method for using an electric vehicle shared battery system based on photovoltaic power generation. Background Art

[0002] At present, electric vehicles generally only carry one battery pack when they leave the factory, and most of them are limited by the driving range of the battery after it is fully charged and the charging time required each time the battery is exhausted. In addition, there are too few charging and swapping stations designed specifically for electric vehicles. As a result, electric vehicles cannot quickly replenish energy at gas stations when traveling long distances like other fuel vehicles, especially on highways, which is greatly restricted.

[0003] Most of the existing highway charging stations use city electricity for charging. Highway photovoltaic power generation, as a relatively new power generation model, can use photovoltaic power generation technology to provide electricity for charging stations, making the use of electric vehicles more environmentally friendly. This requires a charging and swapping station that can utilize solar energy to achieve the rational use of solar energy resources.

[0004] Most of the existing battery pack sharing models for electric vehicles can only replace the entire battery of the car, which requires special disassembly tools, is time-consuming and inconvenient. Considering the actual situation of users driving on highways, if the battery is out of power, they choose to replace the entire battery. Although the battery life problem can be solved, there will be some problems (replacing the entire battery requires users to wait for a long time, whether the replaced battery is damaged compared to the original battery, and the loss of damage is difficult to estimate, etc.).

[0005] At present, electric vehicles generally only carry one battery pack when they leave the factory, and most of them are limited by the range of the battery after it is fully charged and the time required to recharge each time the battery is exhausted. At present, there are too few charging and swapping stations designed specifically for electric vehicles, resulting in electric vehicles being unable to quickly recharge at gas stations when traveling long distances like other fuel vehicles, especially on highways, which is greatly limited. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the defects of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a method for using an electric vehicle shared battery system based on photovoltaic power generation.

[0007] The present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A method for using a shared battery system for an electric vehicle based on photovoltaic power generation. The electric vehicle has three battery packs, a basic battery pack n 1 and intermediate battery pack n 2They are all installed in the battery installation slot of the vehicle chassis, and the shared battery pack can be removed. 3 Installed in the shared battery installation slot in the trunk of the car; the three battery packs are independent of each other, the basic battery pack n 1 Cannot be disassembled by yourself, the middle battery pack 2 , Shared battery pack 3 Can be disassembled independently without affecting each other;

[0009] If three sets of rechargeable batteries are connected in parallel for power supply, the circuit is:

[0010] Basic battery pack 1 One end and ammeter A 1 One end connection, basic battery pack n 1 The other end is connected to the voltmeter V 1 One end is connected to the ground, and the voltmeter V 1 The other end is connected to the ammeter A 1 The other end, switch k 1 One end, capacitor C 1 One end, capacitor C 1 The other end is connected to resistor R 1 One end, resistor R 1 The other end is connected to switch K 1 The other end is connected to one end of the controller, the other end of the controller is connected to one end of the motor M, and the other end of the motor M is grounded;

[0011] Intermediate battery pack 2 One end is connected to the ammeter A 2 One end, middle battery pack n 2 The other end is connected to the voltmeter V 2 One end is connected to the ground, and the voltmeter V 2 The other end is connected to the ammeter A 2 The other end, switch K 2 One end, capacitor C 2 One end, capacitor C 2 The other end is connected to resistor R 2 One end, resistor R 2 The other end is connected to switch K 2 The other end, the controller end;

[0012] Removable shared battery pack 3 One end is connected to the ammeter A 3 One end, removable shared battery pack 3 The other end is connected to the voltmeter V 3 One end is connected to the ground, and the voltmeter V 3 The other end is connected to the ammeter A 3 The other end, switch K 3 One end, capacitor C 3 One end, capacitor C 3 The other end is connected to resistor R3 One end, resistor R 3 The other end is connected to switch K 3 The other end, the controller end;

[0013] Among them, the basic battery pack n 1 The rated voltage is V 1额 , middle battery pack n 2 The rated voltage is V 2额 , shared battery pack n 3 The rated voltage is V 3额 , when sharing battery pack n 3 Current voltage V 3 Less than the critical value V n3 When V n3 =γ%V 3额 ,γ is set by the manufacturer based on experiments, considering disconnecting the shared battery pack n 3 , when the middle battery pack n 2 Current voltage V 2 Less than the critical value V n2 Consider disconnecting the intermediate battery pack n 2 , V n2 =γ%V 2额 , γ is set by the manufacturer based on experiments. When the ammeter A 3 Or ammeter A 2 If the current value read is too low, consider disconnecting the shared battery pack. 3 or intermediate battery pack n 2 ;

[0014] Controller control switch k 1 , K 2 , K 3 The closing order follows the following pattern:

[0015] First, if multiple switches are to be turned on, the controller will first turn on the battery pack with a higher voltage, and then turn on the battery pack with a lower voltage, to prevent the battery pack with a higher voltage from charging the battery pack with a lower voltage and damaging the battery pack;

[0016] Secondly, when users are driving on the highway, priority is given to using shared battery packs. 3 , middle battery pack n 2 For auxiliary battery pack, try to save basic battery pack n 1 The power of the intermediate battery pack n 2 and shared battery pack 3 When the battery is low, consider connecting to the basic battery pack 1 Provide power supply;

[0017] Finally, when the user needs to accelerate, the controller will connect the basic battery pack n 1 Provide power supply so that users can speed up.

[0018] Furthermore, the basic battery pack 1 and intermediate battery pack n 2 For permanent installation of battery in car, basic battery pack 1 The most basic battery pack for electric vehicles, basic battery pack 1 The range provided is the largest among the three battery packs, the basic battery pack 1 Provides electric energy for electric vehicles, intermediate battery pack n 2 Range provided is for basic battery pack 1 20% of.

[0019] Furthermore, when driving in the city, if the basic battery pack of the car is n 1 When the battery is low, you can directly replace the removable intermediate battery pack at the battery swap station in the city. 2 , detachable shared battery pack 3 Normally not installed on the vehicle, when driving on the highway, when the basic battery pack 1 When the power is insufficient, install a shared battery pack at the photovoltaic charging and swapping service station 3 .

[0020] Furthermore, it also includes a battery management service platform, platform server, photovoltaic charging and swapping service stations, and user smartphones;

[0021] The battery management service platform includes an intelligent control center, a database, and a cloud computing server. The intelligent control center is used to manage the rented detachable shared battery packs. 3 Information, manage all photovoltaic charging and swapping service station information, calculate the number of detachable shared battery packs being rented 3 The real-time information of the PV charging and swapping service station is used to intelligently plan the charging and swapping service for users according to the number of PV charging piles and replaceable shared smart batteries and the number of reservations. The database is used to store the battery charging and discharging records and the user's related service records. The cloud computing server is used to calculate various information of the battery pack in real time.

[0022] The user's smartphone is equipped with a shared battery service APP, which provides users with a rental removable shared battery pack. 3 The reservation service for PV charging piles and the battery data returned by the cloud computing server are received;

[0023] Photovoltaic charging and swapping service stations include photovoltaic charging piles and shared battery swapping stations. Users can choose shared battery swapping stations to replace detachable shared battery packs according to their needs. 3 , or use photovoltaic charging pile as the basic battery pack1 to charge.

[0024] Further, a detachable shared battery pack 3 The integrated module includes an identification module, a positioning module, a communication module, and a battery real-time data detection module. The identification module corresponds to a unique battery ID, and the recorded contents include the manufacturer, production date, production batch, and battery type. The battery real-time data detection module is composed of a main control chip and other detection circuits, and is used to record the number of times the battery is charged and discharged, as well as the voltage and current corresponding to the number of times, and record them in the flash. The communication module can communicate with the battery management service platform and the on-board display screen on the electric vehicle. The on-board display screen displays the battery power status information in real time. The communication module can also upload the SOC record detected by the battery real-time data detection module to the cloud computing server of the battery management service platform for calculating the status information of the shared battery. The integrated positioning module transmits the location information of the shared battery to the battery management service platform in real time through the communication module. The detachable shared battery pack 3 It has a specific interface with self-locking function, which can only be installed or removed through the photovoltaic charging and swapping service station. Electric vehicles can be equipped with a maximum of two removable shared battery packs. 3 .

[0025] Furthermore, the intelligent control center of the battery management service platform communicates with the photovoltaic charging and swapping service station and the shared battery packs currently being used by the user through wireless remote communication technology in order to manage all shared battery packs. The intelligent control center receives the detachable shared battery packs currently being rented out through wireless remote communication technology. 3 The SOC data of the removable shared battery is calculated by the cloud computing server. 3 The SOH data is fed back to the shared battery service APP on the user's smartphone. When the user selects the replacement shared battery service and charging service on the shared battery service APP, the intelligent control center will intelligently plan it. When the user arrives at the photovoltaic charging and swapping service station and enters the destination in the shared battery service APP, the intelligent control center will make an estimate based on the user's current battery power status and recommend the user to rent a detachable shared battery pack. 3 so that the user can successfully reach the intended destination, if the maximum number of removable shared battery packs n is selected 3 If the user still cannot reach the destination, the user is advised to replace the basic battery pack of the electric vehicle. 1For charging, if the user is not at the photovoltaic charging and swapping service station, the intelligent control center will search for the nearest photovoltaic charging and swapping service station that the user can reach with the current battery power status according to the location of the shared battery service APP and the user's current battery power status, and navigate the user to the designated photovoltaic charging and swapping service station through the on-board display screen. If the remaining power of the shared battery pack cannot support the user to reach the nearest photovoltaic charging and swapping service station, an early warning will be sent to the user's smartphone, asking the user whether he needs assistance. If the user chooses to seek assistance, the battery management service platform will send a message to the staff of the photovoltaic charging and swapping service station so that the staff can provide support to the user.

[0026] Furthermore, it also includes a platform server. The photovoltaic charging and swapping service station includes a photovoltaic panel bracket, a solar photovoltaic power generation component, a drainage groove, a supporting steel frame, a main supporting column, a shared battery swap station, a battery swap channel, a shared battery warehouse, and a photovoltaic charging pile. The solar photovoltaic power generation component is installed on the photovoltaic panel bracket. A drainage groove is formed between the two photovoltaic panel brackets. The whole is supported by a supporting steel frame. The shared battery swap station is located below the supporting steel frame and to the right of the main supporting column. It includes a shared battery warehouse and a battery swap channel. The battery swap channel is placed in the middle of the shared battery swap station. The photovoltaic charging pile is located below the supporting steel frame and to the left of the main supporting column. The shared battery warehouse of the shared battery swap station stores a certain number of detachable shared battery packs to be selected. 3 , which is usually fully charged by the charging equipment and ready for users to rent. There are QR codes on the photovoltaic charging piles and shared battery swap stations. Users can scan the QR codes through the shared battery service APP and choose to charge or rent a detachable shared battery pack. 3 The photovoltaic charging and swapping service station's solar photovoltaic power generation components convert solar energy into electricity for photovoltaic charging piles. The photovoltaic charging and swapping service station can use the electricity generated by the photovoltaic power generation components but not consumed in time for the detachable shared battery packs in the shared battery warehouse. 3 Charging, the photovoltaic charging piles of the photovoltaic charging and swapping service station can realize the maximum charging power of the adaptive vehicle and provide charging according to the corresponding power. The photovoltaic charging piles can choose to use the city power or photovoltaic power for charging. The shared battery swapping station of the photovoltaic charging and swapping service station realizes the detachable shared battery pack n 3 Leasing, providing users with battery capacity expansion without changing the user's existing battery capacity, and expanding the detachable shared battery pack 3It is installed in the shared battery pack installation slot in the trunk of the electric vehicle through a specific self-locking interface. After the user chooses to add or replace the shared battery pack in the shared battery service APP, when the user arrives at the photovoltaic charging and swapping service station and drives the vehicle into the battery swapping channel, the battery swapping equipment in the battery swapping channel scans the vehicle with the corresponding license plate number entering the site, and then the user's vehicle is parked and turned off. The battery swapping equipment selects a battery in good condition from the shared battery warehouse and pops it out. The battery swapping equipment automatically helps the user identify and install it. After replacement, the on-board display screen will show the user that the battery has been replaced and can be used, and the user does not need to perform a battery replacement operation. The photovoltaic charging and swapping service station can count the specific information of the battery pack in real time, upload the information to the platform server, and provide it to users through the battery management service platform, as well as to relevant staff for battery management and maintenance.

[0027] Furthermore, the shared battery service APP provides shared battery rental and charging related services. Users first need to fill in relevant information, pass real-name authentication, bind the vehicle license plate to the account, complete registration, and pay a deposit before proceeding to the detachable shared battery pack. 3 For the rental and use of charging piles, users can search for nearby photovoltaic charging and battery swapping service stations in the shared battery service APP to make reservations for charging and shared battery pack rental, or after arriving at the battery swapping service station, they can scan the QR code on the photovoltaic charging pile and shared battery swapping station to charge and share battery pack rental services on site. When users select a detachable shared battery pack, 3 During the rental service, when a vehicle enters the battery swap channel, the battery swap device will automatically replace or add a removable shared battery pack for the user's vehicle after scanning the vehicle with the corresponding license plate number. 3 The shared battery replacement service and charging service selected by the user on the shared battery service APP are intelligently planned by the intelligent controller center. When the user chooses the charging service, after the charging is completed, the charging pile calculates the amount according to the user's charging time and waits for the user to settle. When the user chooses the battery rental service, the rental amount is first charged according to the number of batteries rented by the user. When the rented battery is returned, the detachable shared battery pack n 3 The integrated module sends the data information of the battery after rental to the intelligent control center, which evaluates the overall status of the battery and then charges the corresponding depreciation fee.

[0028] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0029] The present invention provides different strategies for replacing shared batteries by distinguishing between different usage scenarios in urban areas and on highways, thereby maximizing the time and labor costs required for battery replacement for users and making shared battery technology more reliable and efficient; the present invention maximizes the battery life for users by setting up several groups of different batteries and the order in which they are enabled in different situations; the present invention provides electric vehicles with more environmentally friendly energy by using photovoltaic technology to charge batteries; the present invention provides a complete service platform (including a battery management service platform, photovoltaic charging and swapping service stations, etc.) that can provide complete support when users use shared battery services. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electric vehicle using three sets of rechargeable batteries;

[0031] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a battery pack topology circuit structure of an electric vehicle using three groups of rechargeable batteries;

[0032] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a detachable shared battery pack;

[0033] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the shared battery installation slot of the trunk of the car with a detachable shared battery pack;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic charging and swapping service station;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a diagram of information interaction between the battery management service platform and the platform server of the present invention.

[0036] In the figure: 1-photovoltaic power generation assembly, 2-drainage groove, 3-photovoltaic panel bracket, 4-support steel frame, 5-main support column, 7-battery replacement channel, 8-shared battery warehouse, 10-shared car;

[0037] 100-battery management service platform, 200-user smartphone, 300-electric vehicle, 400-photovoltaic charging and swapping service station, 500-platform server;

[0038] 101- cloud computing server, 102- intelligent control center, 103- database;

[0039] 201-Shared battery service APP;

[0040] 301-Basic Battery Pack 1 、302-intermediate battery pack n 2 、303-Removable shared battery pack 3 , 304-car display screen;

[0041] 31-male connector, 32-integrated module, 33-battery shell;

[0042] 401-photovoltaic charging pile, 402-shared battery swap station;

[0043] 41-shared battery installation slot, 42-female connector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention is described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for using an electric vehicle shared battery system based on photovoltaic power generation of the present invention, wherein the system includes a battery pack, an electric vehicle 300, a user smartphone 200, a battery management service platform 100, a photovoltaic charging and swapping service station 400, and a platform server 500.

[0046] The electric vehicle 300 using three sets of rechargeable batteries can be loaded with three sets of rechargeable batteries, namely: a basic battery pack installed on the chassis of the vehicle n 1 301, intermediate battery pack n 2 302. A removable shared battery pack installed in the shared battery installation slot in the trunk of a car 3 303, three battery packs are independent of each other, basic battery pack n 1 301 Users cannot disassemble the middle battery pack 2 302. Removable shared battery pack n3n 3 303 can be disassembled independently without affecting each other.

[0047] like Figure 3 As shown, the removable shared battery pack n 3 303 includes an identification module, a positioning module, a communication module and a battery real-time data detection module integrated in the battery shell 33 (the identification module, the positioning module, and the real-time detection module transmit the data of these modules to the platform server 500, the battery management service platform 100, the vehicle display screen 304, etc. through the communication module), a detachable shared battery pack n 3 303 is independent of the basic battery of the electric car 300, and can be detached to share the battery pack 3 303 can be installed in the shared battery installation slot 41 of the trunk of the electric car 300 through a specific interface with self-locking.

[0048] Removable shared battery pack 3 303 also has an integrated module (battery shell 33). The integrated module (battery shell 33) integrates a unique identification module, corresponding to the unique battery ID, and records the manufacturer, production date, production batch, and battery type.

[0049] The integrated module (battery shell 33) integrates a real-time battery data detection module, which is composed of a main control chip and other detection circuits, and is used to record the number of times the battery is charged and discharged, as well as the voltage and current corresponding to the number of times, and record them in the flash.

[0050] The integrated module integrates a communication module. The communication module can communicate with the battery management service platform 100 and the on-board display screen 304 on the electric vehicle. The on-board display screen 304 can display the battery power status information in real time. The communication module can also upload the SOC record detected by the battery real-time data detection module to the cloud computing server 101 of the battery management service platform 100 for calculating the detachable shared battery pack n 3 The SOH data of 303 is fed back to the shared battery service APP 201 of the user's smartphone 200 so that the user can more accurately grasp the battery status information.

[0051] The integrated module integrates the positioning module, and the positioning module transmits the detachable shared battery pack n to the battery management service platform 100 in real time through the communication module 3 303 location information.

[0052] Removable shared battery pack 3 303 has a specific interface (male connector 31) with self-locking function, which can only be installed or removed through the photovoltaic charging and swapping service station 400, preventing users from disassembling the detachable shared battery pack at will. 3 303, and removable shared battery pack n 3 303 Independent of the basic battery pack of the electric vehicle 300n 1 301, installed in the shared battery pack installation slot 41 in the trunk of the electric car 300, connected to the electric car 300 through a specific interface (female connector 42) with self-locking, and up to two pieces can be installed.

[0053] The battery management service platform 100 includes an intelligent control center 102, a database 103, and a cloud computing server 101, which interact via wireless network technology. The intelligent control center 102 is used to manage the rentable detachable shared battery packs. 3 303 information, manage all photovoltaic charging and swapping service stations 400 information, calculate the number of detachable shared battery packs being rented 3303 real-time information, based on the photovoltaic charging pile 401 and the detachable shared battery pack n of the photovoltaic charging and swapping service station 400 3 Quantity, number of reservations, intelligent planning of charging and swapping services for users, data, 103 is used to store detachable shared battery packs n 3 The cloud computing server 101 is used to calculate various information of the battery pack in real time based on the charging and discharging records and related service records of the user.

[0054] The battery management service platform 100, whose intelligent control center 102 communicates with the photovoltaic charging and swapping service station 400 and the detachable shared battery pack n being used by the user through wireless remote communication technology 3 303 communicates to manage all removable shared battery packs 3 303. The intelligent control center 102 receives the detachable shared battery pack currently being rented out through wireless remote communication technology. 3 The SOC data (state of charge data) of 303 is calculated by the cloud computing server 101 to obtain the detachable shared battery pack n 3 The SOH data (health status data) is fed back to the shared battery service APP 201 of the user's smartphone 200, so that the user can know the status of the detachable shared battery pack at any time. 3 Real-time status.

[0055] When the user selects to replace the shared battery service and the charging service on the shared battery service APP 201 , the intelligent control center 102 performs intelligent planning.

[0056] The shared battery service APP 201 installed on the user's smartphone 200 provides the user with reservation services for renting shared batteries and charging piles, and is used to receive battery data calculated and returned by the cloud computing server 101.

[0057] The photovoltaic charging and swapping service station 400 includes a photovoltaic charging pile 401 and a shared battery swapping station 402. Users can choose the shared battery swapping station 402 to replace the shared detachable battery pack according to their needs. 3 303, you can also use the photovoltaic charging pile 401 as the basic battery pack n 1 301 is charged.

[0058] When the user arrives at the photovoltaic charging and swapping service station 400 and enters the destination on the shared battery service APP 201, the intelligent control center 102 will make an estimate based on the user's current battery power status and recommend the user to rent a detachable shared battery pack n 3 303, so that the user can successfully reach the intended destination, if the maximum number of removable shared battery packs n is selected 3If 303 still cannot allow the user to reach the destination, the user will be advised to replace the basic battery pack of the electric car 300. 1 301 for charging. If the user is not at the photovoltaic charging and swapping service station 400, the intelligent control center 102 will search for the nearest photovoltaic charging and swapping service station 400 that can be reached with the current battery power status for the user according to the location of the shared battery service APP 201 and the current battery power status of the user, and navigate the user to the designated photovoltaic charging and swapping service station 400 through the vehicle display screen 304. 3 If the remaining power of 303 cannot support the user to reach the nearest photovoltaic charging and swapping service station 400, an early warning is sent to the user's smartphone 200, asking the user whether to seek assistance. If the user chooses to seek assistance, the battery management service platform 100 will send a message to the staff of the photovoltaic charging and swapping service station 400 so that the staff can provide support to the user.

[0059] like Figure 5 As shown, the photovoltaic charging and swapping service station 400 includes a photovoltaic panel support 3, a photovoltaic power generation component 1, a water-repellent groove 2, a supporting steel frame 4, a main supporting column 5, a shared battery swapping station 402, a battery swapping channel 7, a shared battery warehouse 8, and a photovoltaic charging pile 401. The photovoltaic power generation component 1 is installed on the photovoltaic panel support 3, and a water-repellent groove 2 is formed between the two photovoltaic panel supports 3. The photovoltaic panel support 3 is supported by the supporting steel frame 4 as a whole. The shared battery swapping station 402 is located below the supporting steel frame 4 and to the right of the main supporting column 5, and includes a shared battery warehouse 8 and a battery swapping channel 7. The battery swapping channel 7 is placed in the middle of the shared battery swapping station 402. The photovoltaic charging pile 401 is located below the supporting steel frame 4 and to the left of the main supporting column 5.

[0060] The supporting steel frame 4 is used to support the entire photovoltaic charging and swapping service station 400 , and the supporting steel frame 4 is installed on the main supporting column 5 .

[0061] The shared battery warehouse 8 in the shared battery exchange station 402 stores a certain number of detachable shared battery packs n to be selected. 3 303, which is usually fully charged by the charging equipment and ready for user rental. There are QR codes on the photovoltaic charging pile 401 and the shared battery swap station 402. Users can scan the QR codes above through the shared battery service APP 201 to choose charging or renting shared batteries. The photovoltaic power generation component 1 of the photovoltaic charging and swapping service station 400 can convert solar energy into photovoltaic charging pile 401 for use. The photovoltaic charging and swapping service station 400 can use the electricity generated by the photovoltaic power generation component 1 but not consumed in time for the detachable shared battery pack n of the shared battery warehouse 8 3 303 charging ensures maximum efficiency of photovoltaic power generation.

[0062] The photovoltaic charging pile 401 of the photovoltaic charging and swapping service station 400 can realize the maximum charging power of the adaptive vehicle and provide charging according to the corresponding power. In case of charging peak, it can adapt to guarantee the charging power for vehicles with low power and limit the power for vehicles with appropriate power to maximize efficiency. The photovoltaic charging pile 401 can choose to use the mains power or photovoltaic power for charging. According to the user's needs and actual conditions, the user can choose to use the mains power or photovoltaic power as the basic battery pack n 1 301 is charged.

[0063] The shared battery swap station 402 of the photovoltaic charging and swapping service station 400 realizes shared battery leasing, providing users with battery capacity expansion without changing the user's existing battery capacity. The expanded shared battery is installed in the shared battery pack installation slot 41 in the trunk of the electric car 300 through a specific interface (male connector 31) with self-locking, and a maximum of two batteries can be installed. When the user chooses to add or replace a detachable shared battery pack in the shared battery service APP 201 3 After 303, when the user arrives at the photovoltaic charging and battery swapping service station 400 and parks the vehicle and turns off the engine, the battery swapping device selects batteries in good condition from the shared battery warehouse 8 and pops them out. The battery swapping device automatically helps the user identify and install them. After the replacement, the on-board display screen 304 will show the user that the battery has been replaced and can be used, and the user does not need to perform a battery replacement operation.

[0064] Photovoltaic charging and swapping service station 400 can count the number of detachable shared battery packs in real time 3 The specific information of 303 is uploaded to the platform server 500, and provided to users through the battery management service platform 100, and provided to relevant staff for battery management and maintenance.

[0065] The shared battery service APP201 provides services related to shared battery rental and charging. Users first need to fill in relevant information, pass real-name authentication, bind the vehicle license plate to the account, complete registration, and pay a deposit before they can share a detachable battery pack. 3 303 rental and use of charging piles.

[0066] Users can search for nearby photovoltaic charging and battery swapping service stations 400 in the shared battery service APP 201 to make reservations for charging and shared battery pack rental. They can also arrive at the battery swapping service station and scan the QR codes on the photovoltaic charging piles 401 and the shared battery swapping station 402 to charge and rent shared battery packs on site. When the user chooses the shared battery pack rental service, when the vehicle enters the battery swapping channel, the battery swapping equipment will automatically replace or add a shared battery pack for the user's vehicle after scanning the vehicle with the corresponding license plate number entering the channel.

[0067] The shared battery replacement service and charging service selected by the user on the shared battery service APP 201 are intelligently planned by the intelligent control center 102 to provide the user with the most suitable service options for the current situation. When the user chooses the charging service, after the charging is completed, the photovoltaic charging pile 401 calculates the amount according to the user's charging time and waits for the user to settle; when the user chooses the battery rental service, the battery rental amount is first charged according to the number of batteries rented by the user, and when the rented battery is returned, the detachable shared battery pack n 3 The integrated module 303 sends the data information of the battery after rental to the intelligent control center 102, and the intelligent control center 102 evaluates the overall state of the battery and then charges the corresponding depreciation fee.

[0068] There are three battery packs in the electric car 300.

[0069] Basic battery pack 1 301 Non-replaceable and intermediate battery pack n 2 302 are installed in the battery installation slot of the vehicle chassis, and the shared battery pack can be removed. 3 303 is installed in the shared battery installation slot 41 of the car trunk. The three battery packs are independent of each other. The basic battery pack n 1 301 Users cannot disassemble the middle battery pack 2 302. Shared battery pack 3 304 can be disassembled independently without affecting each other, and the three groups of batteries can provide 300 electric energy combinations for electric vehicles as needed.

[0070] Basic battery pack 1 301 and intermediate battery pack n 2 302 is the resident battery of the car, the basic battery pack 1 301 is the most basic battery pack for electric vehicles. 1 The 301 can provide the longest driving range among the three battery packs, which are generally composed of basic battery packs. 1 301 provides electric energy for electric vehicles. Intermediate battery pack n 2 302 can provide driving range for basic battery pack n 1 About 20% of 301.

[0071] Intermediate battery pack 2 302 and removable shared battery pack 3 303 are all designed to be easily disassembled. Considering that when users are driving in the city, if the basic battery pack of the car is 1 When the battery is low, you can directly replace the removable intermediate battery pack at a battery swap station in the city. 2 302, only replace the middle battery pack with less capacity 2Compared with the existing solution of replacing the whole car battery, 302 is more convenient, reducing the time users have to wait for the replacement of the whole car battery and the potential losses caused by replacing the whole battery. Compared with direct charging, it can reduce the time users need to charge, greatly facilitating users' travel in urban areas.

[0072] like Figure 4 As shown, the removable shared battery pack n 3 303 is not usually installed on the vehicle to reduce the weight of the electric vehicle 300 in the urban area, and is reserved for the installation of a detachable shared battery pack n 3 The 303's trunk can be used by users in the city. Removable shared battery pack 3 303 is designed for users driving on the highway. 1 301 When the battery is low, you can install a shared battery pack at the photovoltaic charging and swapping service station 400 3 303.

[0073] The electric car 300 using three groups of rechargeable batteries can have its motor powered by three battery groups connected in parallel.

[0074] like Figure 2 As shown, the internal circuit of the electric vehicle 300 with three groups of rechargeable batteries is as follows: basic battery group n 1 One end of 301 and ammeter A 1 One end connection, basic battery pack n 1 The other end of 301 is connected to the voltmeter V 1 One end is connected to the ground, and the voltmeter V 1 The other end is connected to the ammeter A 1 The other end, switch k 1 One end, capacitor C 1 One end, capacitor C 1 The other end is connected to resistor R 1 One end, resistor R 1 The other end is connected to switch K 1 The other end is connected to one end of the controller, the other end of the controller is connected to one end of the motor M, and the other end of the motor M is grounded.

[0075] Intermediate battery pack 2 302 one end connected to ammeter A 2 One end, middle battery pack n 2 The other end of 302 is connected to the voltmeter V 2 One end is connected to the ground, and the voltmeter V 2 The other end is connected to the ammeter A 2 The other end, switch K 2 One end, capacitor C 2 One end, capacitor C 2 The other end is connected to resistor R 2 One end, resistor R2 The other end is connected to switch K 2 The other end, the controller end.

[0076] Removable shared battery pack 3 303 one end connected to ammeter A 3 One end, removable shared battery pack 3 The other end of 303 is connected to the voltmeter V 3 One end is connected to the ground, and the voltmeter V 3 The other end is connected to the ammeter A 3 The other end, switch K 3 One end, capacitor C 3 One end, capacitor C 3 The other end is connected to resistor R 3 One end, resistor R 3 The other end is connected to switch K 3 The other end, the controller end.

[0077] Voltage table V of the internal circuit of an electric car with three sets of rechargeable batteries 1 For measuring basic battery pack n 1 301 battery voltage, voltmeter V 2 For measuring the intermediate battery pack n 2 302 battery voltage, voltmeter V 3 For measuring shared battery pack n 3 303 battery voltage, ammeter A 1 For measuring basic battery pack n 1 The current of this branch 301, ammeter A 2 For measuring the intermediate battery pack n 2 302 The current of this branch, ammeter A 3 For measuring shared battery pack n 3 303 is the current in this branch. M is the motor, powered by the battery pack. K 1 , K 2 , K 3 Control basic battery pack n 1 301, intermediate battery pack n 2 302. Shared battery pack 3 303 The switches for the three branches are connected in parallel with RC circuits at each contact. When the switch is disconnected, the energy of the arc generated by the motor M when the contact is disconnected is weakened as soon as possible by using the charging absorption of the capacitor C and the energy consumption of the resistor R, thereby reducing the temperature and protecting the switch k 1 , k 2 , k 3 The controller integrates a data detection module, which can read the voltage V i (i=1,2,3) and current A i(i=1,2,3) status in order to control the system. The controller can provide corresponding control strategies according to the read voltage and current status and different mode requirements.

[0078] An electric vehicle 300 using three groups of rechargeable batteries, the controller controls the closing of switches of each battery group to follow the basic rules for use: Basic battery group n 1 The rated voltage of 301 is V 1额 , middle battery pack n 2 The rated voltage of 302 is V 2额 , shared battery pack n 3 The rated voltage of 303 is V 3额 When sharing a battery pack 3 303 Current voltage V 3 Less than the critical value V n3 (V n3 =γ%V 3额 , γ is set by the manufacturer based on experiments), then consider disconnecting the shared battery pack n 3 303. When the middle battery pack n 2 302 Current voltage V 2 Less than the critical value V n2 (V n2 =γ%V 2额 , γ is set by the manufacturer based on experiments), it is necessary to consider disconnecting the intermediate battery pack n 2 302. When the ammeter A 3 Or ammeter A 2 If the current value read is too low, you should also consider disconnecting the shared battery pack. 3 303 or intermediate battery pack n 2 302. The controller controls the switch k 1 , K 2 , K 3 The closing sequence should follow the following principle: if multiple switches are to be turned on, the controller will first turn on the battery pack with high voltage, and then turn on the battery pack with low voltage, to prevent the battery pack with high voltage from charging the battery pack with low voltage and damaging the battery pack. When users are driving on the highway, give priority to using shared battery packs. 3 303, middle battery pack n 2 302 is the auxiliary battery pack, try to save the basic battery pack n 1 301, so that users can use it when they return to the city. 2 302 and shared battery pack n 3 303 When the battery is low, consider connecting the basic battery pack 1 301 is used for power supply. When the user needs to accelerate, the controller will connect the basic battery pack n 1301 provides power supply so that users can increase speed.

[0079] The platform server refers to a dedicated computer that provides certain services to the client (C li ent) in a network environment. The server is a computer installed with a network operating system and various server application system software (such as Web services, email services). The battery management service platform is equivalent to an APP, that is, a client. Users request services and transmit data from the cloud platform server through the battery management service platform (i.e., the client). The platform server 500 will make corresponding responses based on the user's request (such as processing commands, storing, and sending data). The battery management service platform 100 is responsible for making service requests and managing service requests, while the platform server 500 is responsible for providing services.

[0080] The specific method of use of the present invention is:

[0081] If the vehicle battery is insufficient while the user is driving, the user can use the shared battery rental and charging related services through the shared battery service APP201. Before using the shared battery service APP201, the user first needs to fill in the relevant information, and after passing the real-name authentication, bind the vehicle license plate to the account to complete the registration. After paying the deposit, the user can rent a battery pack and use the charging pile. The replacement shared battery service and charging service selected by the user on the shared battery service APP are intelligently planned by the intelligent control center 102 to provide the user with the most suitable service options for the current situation. The user chooses the charging service, and after the charging is completed, the charging pile 401 calculates the amount according to the user's charging time and waits for the user to settle; when the user chooses the battery rental service, the battery rental amount is first charged according to the number of batteries rented by the user, and when the rented battery is returned, the detachable shared battery pack n 3 The integrated module 303 sends the data information of the battery after rental to the intelligent control center 102, and the intelligent control center 102 evaluates the overall state of the battery and then charges the corresponding depreciation fee.

[0082] The user can search for nearby photovoltaic charging and battery swapping service stations 400 in the shared battery service APP 201 to make an appointment for charging and shared battery pack rental. The user can also scan the QR code on the photovoltaic charging pile 401 and the shared battery swapping station 402 after arriving at the battery swapping service station to charge and rent a shared battery pack on the spot. When the user selects a detachable shared battery pack 3 During the 303 rental service, when a vehicle enters the battery swap channel 7, the battery swap device will automatically replace or add a shared battery pack for the user's vehicle after scanning the vehicle with the corresponding license plate number entering the site.

[0083] After the user selects the service in the shared battery service APP 201, if the user is at the photovoltaic charging and swapping service station 400 and the user enters the destination in the shared battery service APP 201, the intelligent control center 102 will make an estimate based on the user's current battery power status and recommend the user to rent a detachable shared battery pack n 3 303, so that the user can smoothly reach the predetermined destination. After the user chooses to add or replace the shared battery pack in the shared battery service APP201, when the user drives the vehicle into the battery exchange channel 7, the battery exchange equipment in the battery exchange channel 7 scans the vehicle with the corresponding license plate number entering the site, and after the user's vehicle stops and turns off, the battery exchange equipment selects the battery in good condition from the shared battery warehouse 8 and pops it out, and the battery exchange equipment automatically helps the user identify and install it. After the replacement, the on-board display screen 301 will show the user that the battery has been replaced and can be used, and the user does not need to perform the battery replacement operation. If selecting the maximum number of detachable shared battery packs 303 still cannot allow the user to reach the destination, the user will be advised to charge the basic battery of the electric car 300.

[0084] If the user is not at the photovoltaic charging and swapping service station 400, the intelligent control center 102 of the battery service management platform 100 of the system will search for the nearest photovoltaic charging and swapping service station 400 that can be reached with the current battery power status for the user according to the location of the user's shared battery service APP 201 and the user's current battery power status, and navigate the user to the designated photovoltaic charging and swapping service station 400 through the vehicle display screen 304; if the detachable shared battery pack n 3 If the remaining power of 303 cannot support the user to reach the nearest photovoltaic charging and swapping service station 400, an early warning is sent to the user's smartphone 200, asking the user whether he needs to seek assistance. If the user chooses to need assistance, the battery management service platform 100 will send a message to the staff of the photovoltaic charging and swapping service station 400 so that the staff can provide support to the user.

[0085] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for using a shared battery system for electric vehicles based on photovoltaic power generation, characterized in that: There are three battery packs in the electric car. The basic battery pack n1 and the intermediate battery pack n2 are installed in the battery installation slot of the chassis, and the detachable shared battery pack n3 is installed in the shared battery installation slot of the trunk of the car. The three battery packs are independent of each other. The basic battery pack n1 cannot be disassembled by itself, while the intermediate battery pack n2 and the shared battery pack n3 can be disassembled independently without affecting each other. If three sets of rechargeable batteries are connected in parallel for power supply, the circuit is: One end of the basic battery pack n1 is connected to one end of the ammeter A1, the other end of the basic battery pack n1 is connected to one end of the voltmeter V1 and is grounded, the other end of the voltmeter V1 is connected to the other end of the ammeter A1, one end of the switch k1, and one end of the capacitor C1, the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected to one end of the resistor R1, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the other end of the switch K1 and one end of the controller, the other end of the controller is connected to one end of the motor M, and the other end of the motor M is grounded; One end of the middle battery pack n2 is connected to one end of the ammeter A2, the other end of the middle battery pack n2 is connected to one end of the voltmeter V2 and grounded, the other end of the voltmeter V2 is connected to the other end of the ammeter A2, one end of the switch K2, and one end of the capacitor C2, the other end of the capacitor C2 is connected to one end of the resistor R2, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the other end of the switch K2 and one end of the controller; One end of the detachable shared battery pack n3 is connected to one end of the ammeter A3, the other end of the detachable shared battery pack n3 is connected to one end of the voltmeter V3 and grounded, the other end of the voltmeter V3 is connected to the other end of the ammeter A3, one end of the switch K3, and one end of the capacitor C3, the other end of the capacitor C3 is connected to one end of the resistor R3, and the other end of the resistor R3 is connected to the other end of the switch K3 and one end of the controller; Among them, the rated voltage of the basic battery pack n1 is V 1额 , the rated voltage of the middle battery pack n2 is V 2额 , the rated voltage of the shared battery pack n3 is V 3额 , when the current voltage V3 of the shared battery pack n3 is less than the critical value V n3 When V n3 =γ%V 3额 ,γ is set by the manufacturer based on experiments. Consider disconnecting the shared battery pack n3. When the current voltage V2 of the intermediate battery pack n2 is less than the critical value V n2 When disconnecting the middle battery pack n2, V n2 =γ%V 2额 ,γ is set by the manufacturer based on experiments. When the current value read by ammeter A3 or ammeter A2 is too low, consider disconnecting the shared battery pack n3 or the intermediate battery pack n2; The closing sequence of the controller controlling switches k1, K2, and K3 follows the following method: First, if multiple switches are to be turned on, the controller will first turn on the battery pack with a higher voltage, and then turn on the battery pack with a lower voltage, to prevent the battery pack with a higher voltage from charging the battery pack with a lower voltage and damaging the battery pack; Secondly, when the user is driving on the highway, the shared battery pack n3 is given priority, and the intermediate battery pack n2 is an auxiliary battery pack, and the power of the basic battery pack n1 is preserved as much as possible so that the user can use it when returning to the city. When the intermediate battery pack n2 and the shared battery pack n3 are low on power, the basic battery pack n1 is considered to be connected for power supply; Finally, when the user needs to accelerate, the controller will connect to the basic battery pack n1 for power supply so that the user can speed up; It also includes a battery management service platform, photovoltaic charging and swapping service stations, and user smartphones; The battery management service platform includes an intelligent control center, a database and a cloud computing server. The intelligent control center is used to manage the information of the rented detachable shared battery pack n3, manage the information of all photovoltaic charging and swapping service stations, calculate the real-time information of the rented detachable shared battery pack n3, and intelligently plan charging and swapping services for users based on the number of photovoltaic charging piles and replaceable shared smart batteries and the number of reservations at the photovoltaic charging and swapping service station. The database is used to store the battery charging and discharging records and the user's related service records. The cloud computing server is used to calculate various information of the battery pack in real time; The user's smartphone is equipped with a shared battery service APP, which provides users with reservation services for leasing detachable shared battery packs n3 and photovoltaic charging piles, and is used to receive battery data calculated and returned by the cloud computing server; The photovoltaic charging and swapping service station includes photovoltaic charging piles and shared battery swapping stations. Users can choose shared battery swapping stations to replace the detachable shared battery pack n3, or use photovoltaic charging piles to charge the basic battery pack n1 according to their needs; The detachable shared battery pack n3 includes an identification module, a positioning module, a communication module and a battery real-time data detection module in the integrated module. The identification module corresponds to a unique battery ID, and the recorded content includes the manufacturer, production date, production batch and battery type. The battery real-time data detection module is composed of a main control chip and other detection circuits, and is used to record the number of times the battery is charged and discharged, as well as the voltage and current corresponding to the number of times, and record them in the flash. The communication module can communicate with the battery management service platform and the on-board display screen on the electric vehicle. The on-board display screen displays the battery power status information in real time. The communication module can also upload the SOC record detected by the battery real-time data detection module to the cloud computing server of the battery management service platform for calculating the status information of the detachable shared battery pack n3. The integrated positioning module transmits the location information of the shared battery to the battery management service platform in real time through the communication module. The detachable shared battery pack n3 has a specific interface with self-locking, and can only be installed or removed through a photovoltaic charging and swapping service station. The electric vehicle is equipped with two detachable shared battery packs n3; The intelligent control center of the battery management service platform communicates with the photovoltaic charging and swapping service station and the detachable shared battery packs n3 currently being used by the user through wireless remote communication technology in order to manage all detachable shared battery packs n3. The intelligent control center receives the SOC data of the detachable shared battery packs n3 currently being rented out through wireless remote communication technology. The cloud computing server calculates the SOH data of the detachable shared battery packs n3 and feeds it back to the shared battery service APP on the user's smartphone. When the user selects the replacement shared battery service and charging service on the shared battery service APP, the intelligent control center will make intelligent planning. When the user arrives at the photovoltaic charging and swapping service station and enters the destination in the shared battery service APP, the intelligent control center will make an estimate based on the user's current battery power status and recommend the user to rent the number of detachable shared battery packs n3. So that the user can smoothly reach the predetermined destination, if the user still cannot reach the destination after selecting the maximum number of detachable shared battery packs n3, the user will be advised to charge the basic battery of the electric vehicle. If the user is not at the photovoltaic charging and swapping service station, the intelligent control center will search for the nearest photovoltaic charging and swapping service station that the user can reach with the current battery power status according to the location of the shared battery service APP and the user's current battery power status, and navigate the user to the designated photovoltaic charging and swapping service station through the on-board display screen. If the remaining power of the detachable shared battery pack n3 cannot support the user to reach the nearest photovoltaic charging and swapping service station, an early warning will be sent to the user's smartphone, asking the user whether he needs to seek assistance. If the user chooses to need assistance, the battery management service platform will send a message to the staff of the photovoltaic charging and swapping service station so that the staff can provide support to the user; The photovoltaic charging and swapping service station includes photovoltaic panel brackets, solar photovoltaic power generation components, drainage grooves, supporting steel frames, main supporting columns, shared battery swapping stations, battery swapping channels, shared battery warehouses and photovoltaic charging piles. The solar photovoltaic power generation components are installed on the photovoltaic panel brackets. A drainage groove is formed between the two photovoltaic panel brackets. The whole is supported by the supporting steel frame. The shared battery swapping station is located below the supporting steel frame and to the right of the main supporting columns. It includes a shared battery warehouse and a battery swapping channel. The battery swapping channel is placed in the middle of the shared battery swapping station. The photovoltaic charging piles are located below the supporting steel frame and to the left of the main supporting columns. The shared battery warehouse stores a certain number of detachable shared battery packs n3 to be selected, which are usually fully charged by charging equipment and ready for users to rent. There are QR codes on the photovoltaic charging piles and shared battery swap stations. Users scan the QR codes above through the shared battery service APP and choose to charge or rent the detachable shared battery pack n3 service. The solar photovoltaic power generation components of the photovoltaic charging and swapping service station convert solar energy into electrical energy for the photovoltaic charging piles. The photovoltaic charging and swapping service station can use the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation components but not consumed in time to charge the detachable shared battery pack n3 in the shared battery warehouse. Photovoltaic charging and swapping service The photovoltaic charging piles at the station can achieve the maximum charging power of the adaptive vehicle and provide charging according to the corresponding power. The photovoltaic charging piles choose to use the mains or photovoltaic power for charging. The shared battery swap station of the photovoltaic charging and swapping service station realizes the leasing of detachable shared battery packs n3, providing users with battery capacity expansion without changing the user's existing battery capacity. The expanded detachable shared battery pack n3 is installed in the shared battery pack installation slot in the trunk of the electric vehicle through a specific interface with self-locking. After the user chooses to add or replace the shared battery pack in the shared battery service APP, when the user arrives at the photovoltaic charging and swapping service station, When a vehicle enters the battery swap channel, the battery swap equipment in the battery swap channel scans the vehicle with the corresponding license plate number entering the channel. After the user's vehicle stops and turns off, the battery swap equipment selects a battery in good condition from the shared battery warehouse and pops it out. The battery swap equipment automatically helps the user identify and install it. After the replacement, the on-board display screen will show the user that the battery has been replaced and can be used. The user does not need to perform the battery replacement operation. The photovoltaic charging and swapping service station can count the specific information of the battery pack in real time, upload the information to the platform server, and provide it to users through the battery management service platform, as well as to relevant staff for battery management and maintenance; The shared battery service APP provides shared battery rental and charging related services. Users first need to fill in relevant information, pass real-name authentication, bind the vehicle license plate to the account, complete registration, and after paying a deposit, rent the detachable shared battery pack n3 and use the charging pile. Users search for nearby photovoltaic charging and battery swapping service stations in the shared battery service APP to make reservations for charging and shared battery pack rental, or after arriving at the battery swapping service station, scan the QR code on the photovoltaic charging pile and the shared battery swapping station to charge and rent the shared battery pack on the spot. When the user chooses the detachable shared battery pack n3 rental service, when the vehicle enters the battery swapping channel, the battery swapping equipment scans the QR code. After the vehicle with the corresponding license plate number enters the site, the battery exchange equipment will automatically replace or add a removable shared battery pack n3 for the user's vehicle. The shared battery replacement service and charging service selected by the user on the shared battery service APP will be intelligently planned by the intelligent controller center. The user chooses the charging service. After the charging is completed, the charging pile calculates the amount based on the user's charging time and waits for the user to settle. When the user chooses the battery rental service, the rental amount will be charged based on the number of batteries rented by the user. When the leased battery is returned, the integrated module of the removable shared battery pack n3 will send the battery rental data information to the intelligent control center. The intelligent control center will evaluate the overall status of the battery and then charge the corresponding depreciation fee.

2. The method for using the photovoltaic-based electric vehicle shared battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The basic battery pack n1 and the intermediate battery pack n2 are the permanently installed batteries of the car. The basic battery pack n1 is the most basic battery pack of the electric car. The basic battery pack n1 provides the largest cruising range among the three battery packs. The basic battery pack n1 provides electrical energy for the electric car, and the intermediate battery pack n2 provides a cruising range of 20% of the basic battery pack n1.

3. The method for using the photovoltaic-based electric vehicle shared battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When driving in the city, if the basic battery pack n1 of the car is low on power, the detachable intermediate battery pack n2 can be directly replaced at the battery swap station in the city. The detachable shared battery pack n3 is not usually installed on the vehicle. When driving on the highway, when the basic battery pack n1 is low on power, the shared battery pack n3 can be installed at the photovoltaic charging and swapping service station.

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