Ancient ship replacement support device and support construction method

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of archaeological excavation and mechanical construction technology, and discloses a replacement support device and construction method for an ancient shipwreck. The ancient shipwreck replacement support device includes a support frame platform, support components, a support layout monitoring system, and a support construction decision and support system. The two ends of the support components are connected to the support frame platform and the ancient shipwreck, respectively, to support and protect the shipwreck's bulkheads and side plates. The support layout monitoring system has multiple monitoring points, respectively arranged on the ancient shipwreck and the support frame platform, to monitor the deformation of the ancient shipwreck and the stress and strain of the support frame platform. The support construction decision and support system is configured to correct and determine the number and location of new support components. This invention enables the gradual and refined support and protection of the ancient shipwreck during the excavation process, replacing the shipwreck from the sea mud safely, reliably, and efficiently.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of archaeological excavation and mechanical construction technology, and in particular to a replacement support device and support construction method for an ancient shipwreck. Background Technology

[0002] Ancient shipwrecks can be salvaged as a whole using steel caissons. After being brought to the surface, the hull and its cargo are secured in their original state within the steel caisson, while the ship remains buried in the excavated seabed silt, its surface covered with a thick layer of silt. For wooden shipwrecks, during the excavation process, it is necessary to maintain the original shape of the wooden hull as much as possible, improve the strength of decayed hull components, and reinforce the hull to ensure that the wooden hull does not shrink or deform.

[0003] Due to prolonged immersion in seawater, ancient shipwrecks possess unique structural strength and material properties, characterized primarily by severe structural corrosion and reduced remaining structural strength. Support techniques used in other fields, such as tunnels and roadways, cannot be directly applied to the replacement and protection of ancient shipwrecks. There is currently no experience to draw upon regarding similar ancient shipwreck support methods. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a replacement and support system and construction methods specifically designed for the excavation process of ancient shipwrecks after overall salvage, to ensure the successful completion of the excavation and protection of these ancient shipwrecks. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a replacement support device and support construction method for ancient shipwrecks, so as to solve the problem of support and protection of wooden ancient shipwrecks.

[0005] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] The ancient shipwreck replacement support device includes: a support frame platform, support components, a support layout monitoring system, and a support construction decision and support system. During the excavation of the ancient shipwreck, the support frame platform is laid layer by layer. The two ends of each support component are connected to the support frame platform and the ancient shipwreck, respectively, to provide layer-by-layer support and protection for the ancient shipwreck. The support layout monitoring system has multiple monitoring points, which are respectively arranged on the ancient shipwreck and the support frame platform, to monitor the deformation of the ancient shipwreck and the stress and strain of the support frame platform layer by layer during the excavation process. The support construction decision and support system is configured to correct and determine the number and location of the support frame platform and support components required during the excavation process.

[0007] Optionally, the support frame platform includes:

[0008] The caisson includes side plates and a bottom plate. The side plates are arranged around the bottom plate to form a box-shaped structure with an open top. The salvaged ancient shipwreck is located inside the caisson.

[0009] The main space frame includes multiple support beams, which are laid horizontally and crosswise inside the caisson. The two ends of each support beam are fixed to the side plate of the caisson and the support beams are located above the ancient shipwreck.

[0010] Vertical struts, wherein multiple vertical struts are provided, and the multiple vertical struts are connected to the support beam by vertical connecting clips;

[0011] The horizontal strut includes a longitudinal horizontal strut and a transverse horizontal strut. The horizontal strut is located horizontally between the side plate of the ancient shipwreck and the side plate of the caisson. The horizontal strut (4) is connected to the vertical strut.

[0012] Optionally, the support assembly includes:

[0013] A bulkhead support assembly is provided, wherein multiple bulkhead support assemblies are provided, one end of each of the multiple bulkhead support assemblies is fixed to the vertical strut, and the other end is capable of supporting the bulkhead of the ancient shipwreck;

[0014] The side plate support assembly includes multiple side plate support assemblies, one end of each assembly is connected to the horizontal strut, and the other end supports the side plate. Multiple monitoring points of the support arrangement monitoring system are respectively arranged on the bulkhead, the side plate, the main grid frame, the vertical strut, and the horizontal strut.

[0015] Optionally, the support beam is a square steel tube beam, and the outer side of the support beam is covered with an anti-corrosion layer.

[0016] Optionally, the bulkhead support assembly includes:

[0017] The first support plate has a flexible side, which is used to abut against and support the compartment plate. The other side of the first support plate has a rigid side, and the rigid side of the first support plate is fixedly connected to the first adjusting rod.

[0018] The horizontal connecting clip has a first through hole and a second through hole that are perpendicular to each other and opposite in plane. The first adjusting rod and the vertical support rod can be respectively inserted into the first through hole and the second through hole and fixed.

[0019] Optionally, the side plate support assembly includes:

[0020] The second support plate has a flexible surface on one side, which is used to abut against and support the side plate. The other side of the second support plate has a rigid surface, and a screw is vertically arranged on the rigid surface of the second support plate.

[0021] The second adjusting rod has an internal threaded hole and can be threadedly connected to the end of the screw away from the second support plate. The second adjusting rod is fixedly connected to the vertical support rod and / or the horizontal support rod.

[0022] Optionally, the support arrangement monitoring system includes:

[0023] The total station is provided in multiple locations, which are arranged at intervals around the outside of the caisson. The monitoring points of the total station are arranged on the bulkhead and the side plate to receive the deformation data of the ancient shipwreck. The number of the monitoring points of the total station is determined by the support construction decision and support system.

[0024] A stress-strain measuring instrument, wherein multiple monitoring points of the stress-strain measuring instrument are arranged on the main grid frame, the vertical struts and the horizontal struts to receive stress-strain data; the number of multiple monitoring points of the stress-strain measuring instrument is determined by the support construction decision and support system;

[0025] A display electrically connected to the total station and the stress-strain measuring instrument to receive and display the deformation data and the stress-strain data.

[0026] Optionally, the support construction decision and support system includes:

[0027] The support parameter display instrument shows the quantity and specific location of the bulkhead support assembly and the side plate support assembly;

[0028] The support safety calculation module is connected to the total station and the stress-strain measuring instrument to receive the deformation data and stress-strain data at different stages during the excavation process. By comparing the monitoring data of the nth stage with the monitoring data of the (n-1)th stage, it calculates the number and specific location of the bulkhead support components and the side plate support components that need to be added in the nth stage, and sends the support command.

[0029] The support construction decision and support module adjusts the excavation plan and the quantity and specific location of the support components according to the support instructions, and performs differential corrections to ensure that the stress-strain data and the deformation data are within the preset data range during the excavation process.

[0030] Optionally, the vertical connection card code includes:

[0031] The upper plate and the lower plate are provided with mounting holes at both ends. The upper plate and the lower plate are respectively provided on the upper and lower sides of the support beam and clamp the support beam. The two vertical struts can pass through the mounting holes at corresponding positions on the upper plate and the lower plate and be fixed.

[0032] A connector that connects the upper plate and the lower plate.

[0033] The present invention also provides a method for constructing a replacement support system for an ancient shipwreck. Based on the aforementioned replacement support device, the method includes the following steps:

[0034] S0, the support construction decision and support system establishes a finite element model based on the structure of the ancient shipwreck and calculates and determines the initial excavation scheme and support parameters of the ancient shipwreck, and stores them; the support parameters include the location of the support support frame platform, the number and location of support components, and the location of the monitoring points of the support layout monitoring system.

[0035] S1, the support construction decision and support system evaluates whether the structural strength of the caisson meets the support requirements based on the monitoring results of the support layout monitoring system. If it does not meet the requirements, the structure of the caisson is strengthened first.

[0036] S2, Lay the main grid frame on the top of the caisson;

[0037] S3, excavate the internal compartments of the ancient shipwreck layer by layer. The support construction decision and support system evaluates the strength of the bulkhead based on the monitoring results of the support layout monitoring system. If the bulkhead needs support, install vertical struts and bulkhead support components to support the bulkhead.

[0038] S4. Excavate the exterior of the ancient shipwreck layer by layer and install horizontal struts layer by layer.

[0039] S5, the support construction decision and support system assesses the strength of the side plate based on the monitoring results of the side plate of the support layout monitoring system, and if the side plate needs support, the side plate support assembly is installed.

[0040] S6, the support construction decision and support system evaluates the stress conditions of multiple bulkhead support components and side plate support components. When the stress of the bulkhead support components and / or the side plate support components reaches 75% of the allowable value, the number or area of ​​the bulkhead support components and / or the side plate support components is increased.

[0041] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0042] The shipwreck replacement support device provided by this invention can provide effective stress support for the ancient shipwreck during the excavation process, ensuring the overall structural stability of the replacement support device. Through the support construction decision and support system analysis, the stability of the ancient shipwreck and the working status information of the support facilities can be obtained from the excavation and support process of the ancient shipwreck on site. New excavation schemes and support parameters can be corrected and determined, and the ancient shipwreck can be supported and protected step by step. Through the support layout monitoring system, the stress, strain and deformation of the ancient shipwreck and support components can be monitored in real time. The process of replacing the ancient shipwreck from the caisson is safe, reliable and efficient.

[0043] The shipwreck replacement support construction method provided by this invention facilitates the modular construction of the support frame platform. During the excavation process, the support frame platform and support components can be added gradually and conveniently according to the support construction decisions and support system instructions. This allows for real-time adjustment of the support components and support frame platform under the real-time monitoring of the support layout monitoring system during the excavation process, gradually providing overall and refined support and protection for the ancient shipwreck. This ensures the safe, reliable, and efficient replacement of the ancient shipwreck, solving the problem of the fragile hull structure of ancient shipwrecks being prone to strength failure during excavation. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 This is a top view schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the ancient shipwreck replacement support device of the present invention and the ancient shipwreck.

[0045] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the ancient shipwreck replacement support device of the present invention and the ancient shipwreck.

[0046] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the components of the support construction decision-making and support system in the ancient shipwreck replacement support device of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first angle structure of the bulkhead support component in the ancient shipwreck replacement support device of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the second angle structure of the bulkhead support component in the ancient shipwreck replacement support device of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the side plate support component in the ancient shipwreck replacement support device of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the first angle structure of the vertical connecting clip in the ancient shipwreck replacement support device of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the second angle structure of the vertical connecting clip in the ancient shipwreck replacement support device of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the third angle structure of the vertical connecting clip in the ancient shipwreck replacement support device of the present invention.

[0053] In the picture:

[0054] 100. Ancient shipwreck; 101. Bulkhead; 102. Side plate; 200. Support frame platform; 300. Support components; 400. Support layout monitoring system; 401. Total station; 402. Stress and strain measuring instrument; 403. Display; 500. Support construction decision and support system; 501. Support parameter display instrument; 502. Support safety calculation module; 503. Support construction decision and support module;

[0055] 1. Caisson; 11. Side panels; 12. Bottom plate;

[0056] 2. Main space frame; 21. Support beams;

[0057] 3. Vertical support rod; 31. Vertical connecting clip; 311. Upper plate; 312. Lower plate; 313. Connector; 3131. Lead screw; 3132. Nut; 314. Mounting hole; 315. Limiting structure;

[0058] 4. Compartment support assembly; 41. First support plate; 42. Horizontal connecting clip; 421. First through hole; 422. Second through hole; 43. First adjusting rod;

[0059] 5. Horizontal struts;

[0060] 6. Side plate support assembly; 61. Second support plate; 62. Second adjusting rod; 63. Screw;

[0061] 7. Scissors bracing. Detailed Implementation

[0062] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, and not all of the structures.

[0063] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0064] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0065] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "right," etc., refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for ease of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for distinction in description and have no special meaning.

[0066] This invention provides a replacement support device for ancient shipwrecks, such as... Figures 1-2 As shown, the ancient shipwreck 100 can be removed from the silt in the caisson 1, thus realizing the salvage, support and replacement of the ancient shipwreck 100. Specifically, the ancient shipwreck replacement support device includes a support frame platform 200, support components 300, a support layout monitoring system 400, and a support construction decision and support system 500. During the excavation of the ancient shipwreck 100, the support frame platform 200 is laid layer by layer. The two ends of the support components 300 are connected to the support frame platform 200 and the ancient shipwreck 100, respectively, to provide support and protection for the ancient shipwreck 100 layer by layer. The support layout monitoring system 400 has multiple monitoring points, which are respectively arranged on the ancient shipwreck 100 and the support frame platform 200, to monitor the deformation of the ancient shipwreck 100 and the stress and strain of the support frame platform 200 layer by layer during the excavation. The support construction decision and support system 500 is configured to correct and determine the number and location of the support frame platform 200 and support components 300 required during the excavation process.

[0067] The shipwreck replacement support device provided by this invention can provide effective stress support for the ancient shipwreck 100 during the excavation process, ensuring the overall structural stability of the replacement support device. The support construction decision and support system 500 can analyze the stability of the ancient shipwreck 100 and the working status of the support facilities during the excavation and support process, correcting and determining new excavation plans and support parameters, and gradually supporting and protecting the ancient shipwreck 100. Furthermore, the support layout monitoring system 400 can monitor the stress, strain, and deformation of the ancient shipwreck 100 and the support components 300 in real time. During the layer-by-layer excavation of the ancient shipwreck 100, the support frame platform 200 and support components 300 are laid layer by layer, and monitoring and decision-making are carried out layer by layer, making the replacement support process of the ancient shipwreck 100 safe, reliable, and highly efficient.

[0068] Optionally, the support frame platform 100 includes a caisson 1, a main space frame 2, vertical struts 3, and horizontal struts 5, and the support assembly 300 includes a bulkhead support assembly 4 and a side plate support assembly 6. The caisson 1 includes a bottom plate 12 and side plates 11, and the salvaged ancient shipwreck 100 is located inside the caisson 1. It should be noted that the ancient shipwreck 100 is typically made of wood. To protect the hull, during the excavation of the ancient shipwreck 100 from the silt, it is necessary to maintain the original shape of the wooden hull as much as possible, improve the strength of the decayed hull components, and reinforce the hull to ensure that the wooden hull does not shrink or deform. Caisson 1 can simultaneously salvage the silt and the ancient shipwreck 100 from the seabed. Later, the silt needs to be cleared for further salvage, replacement, and support of the ancient shipwreck 100, resulting in a complete shipwreck 100. The purpose of this invention is to salvage and replace the ancient shipwreck 100 from the silt in caisson 1. This requires continuous excavation of the silt. During the excavation process, as the silt is excavated layer by layer, pressure is generated on components such as the bulkhead 101 and the side plates 102. Therefore, it is necessary to support and protect the bulkhead 101 and the side plates 102 during the excavation process until the entire hull is exposed and complete, thus completing the salvage of the ancient shipwreck 100. In this embodiment, caisson 1 is a box structure with a top opening formed by four side plates 11 surrounding a bottom plate 12.

[0069] like Figure 1 The main space frame 2 includes multiple support beams 21, which are laid horizontally and longitudinally on the top of the caisson 1. The two ends of the support beams 21 are fixed to the side plates 11 of the caisson 1, and the support beams 21 are located above the ancient shipwreck 100. The main space frame 2 forms the main support inside the caisson 1 and above the ancient shipwreck 100. It is the main load-bearing and support component. The multiple support beams 21 are interwoven in the horizontal plane to form a grid, which helps to increase the structural strength of the main space frame 2.

[0070] Multiple vertical struts 3 are provided, and these struts 3 are connected to the support beam 21 via vertical connecting clips 31. It should be noted that the vertical struts 3 are metal round tubes. After the main grid 2 is installed, multiple vertical connecting clips 31 are installed on the main grid 2. As the excavation progresses layer by layer, one vertical strut 3 can be installed at each vertical connecting clip 31. Each vertical strut 3 passes from top to bottom through the vertical connecting clip 31 into the cabin of the ancient shipwreck 100 and is positioned as close as possible to the bulkhead 101. The bottom end of the vertical strut 3 is fixed and locked in place by the vertical clip 31 after approaching the bottom of the bulkhead 101. Figure 2 Multiple vertical struts 3 are provided on the side of each bulkhead 101, so that bulkhead support components 4 can be installed layer by layer on the multiple vertical struts 3 during the excavation process to support the bulkhead 101 and prevent damage to the bulkhead 101 due to uneven force on both sides. It should be noted that the depth of the vertical struts 3 extending into the hull can be gradually moved downward according to the excavation and exposure process of the bulkhead 101, so that bulkhead support components 4 can be added on the vertical struts 3 to achieve layer-by-layer support and protection for the bulkhead 101.

[0071] Multiple bulkhead support components 4 are provided, with one end fixed to a vertical strut 3 and the other end supporting the bulkhead 101 of the ancient shipwreck 100. It is understood that as the excavation process progresses, the stress on the two sides of the bulkhead 101 changes, and the greater the excavation depth, the greater the difference in stress between the two sides, making the bulkhead 101 more susceptible to damage. Therefore, based on the pressure difference on both sides of the bulkhead 101 monitored by the support arrangement monitoring system 400, the bulkhead 101 can be supported and protected by the bulkhead support components 4 to prevent damage. Multiple bulkhead support components 4 are spaced apart on each vertical strut 3, and multiple rows and columns of bulkhead support components 4 can be installed on the sides of the bulkhead 101, resulting in good support effect and balanced stress. It can be understood that the bulkhead support components 4 are used for the support and protection of the bulkhead 101 inside the hull of the ancient shipwreck 100. To facilitate the installation and fixing of the compartment support assembly 4, the top of the vertical strut 3 is fixed to multiple support beams 21 of the main grid 2.

[0072] A horizontal strut 5 is installed horizontally between the side plate 102 of the ancient shipwreck 100 and the side plate 11 of the caisson 1, and the horizontal strut 5 is connected to the vertical strut 3.

[0073] like Figure 2As shown, the horizontal strut 5 is a horizontal support structure. One end of the horizontal strut 5 facing the side plate 11 of the caisson 1 is fixedly connected to the side plate 11, and the other end is connected to one or more vertical struts 3 along its length. It should be noted that the horizontal strut 5 and the side plate support assembly 6 are used for support and protection during the excavation of the silt between the outer side of the ancient shipwreck 100 and the caisson 1. Due to the structural characteristics of the ancient shipwreck 100, the vertical struts 3 are arranged by fixing their bottom ends to the bottom plate 12 of the caisson 1. Multiple vertical struts 3 are evenly distributed at intervals at the bottom of the caisson 1 to form vertical support. Their bottom ends are fixed to the bottom plate 12 of the caisson 1. Along their length, they can intersect and connect with multiple horizontal struts 5 to form a grid support, which has a good support effect. The connection methods include, but are not limited to, binding connections. In this embodiment, the connection is generally made by steel pipe fasteners. Specifically, the steel pipe fasteners include two thin iron plates with connecting holes at both ends. Screws or bolts pass through the connecting holes and are locked with nuts to fix the two ends of the two thin iron plates. At the same time, the two thin iron plates clamp and fix the vertical support rod 3 and the horizontal support rod 5.

[0074] Multiple side plate support assemblies 6 are provided, with one end of each assembly connected to a horizontal strut 5 and the other end supporting the side plate 102; for example... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, after multiple horizontal struts 5 are arranged, according to the monitoring data of the support arrangement monitoring system 400 and the support construction decision and support system 500, support can be carried out at the corresponding positions on the side plate 102. One end of each side plate support component 6 abuts against the side plate 102, and the other end can be connected and fixed to the horizontal strut 5. The connection method adopts steel pipe fasteners, which facilitates the adjustment of the support angle of the side plate support component 6 to suit the structure of the side plate 102.

[0075] The support arrangement monitoring system 400 is configured to monitor the stress and strain of the bulkhead 101, side plate 102, main grid 2, vertical struts 3 and horizontal struts 5, as well as the deformation of the ancient shipwreck 100.

[0076] As the main load-bearing structures on the ancient shipwreck 100, the bulkhead 101 and the side plate 102 may create a pressure difference between their two sides during the excavation of the ancient shipwreck 100 as the silt is cleared. By arranging monitoring points of the support arrangement monitoring system 400 layer by layer during the silt excavation process, and recording the number and location of the support components 300 in the support construction decision and support system 500, the support construction decision and support system 500 can recalculate the structural safety of the ancient shipwreck 100 after each layer of excavation based on the monitoring results of the support arrangement monitoring system 400 and the entered information on the number and location of the support components 300. It can then revise and determine the new excavation plan for the ancient shipwreck 100 and the number and location of the bulkhead support components 4 and the side plate support components 6. The support arrangement monitoring system 400 monitors in real time the pressure difference between the two sides of the bulkhead 101 and the side plate 102, as well as the bending degree of the support beam 21 of the main grid 2 under stress. This allows for the assessment of the stress conditions on the bulkhead 101 and the side plate 102. Based on these conditions, the bulkhead support components 4 and the side plate support components 6 are arranged scientifically, reasonably, and reliably, thus improving the effectiveness of the support protection. The number of bulkhead support components 4 and the side plate support components 6, the support area, and the location of additional supports can be adjusted during continuous monitoring to provide comprehensive support protection.

[0077] The ancient shipwreck replacement support device provided by this invention can gradually support and protect the ancient shipwreck 100 during the excavation process, including supporting and protecting the bulkhead 101 and the side plates 102. The support layout monitoring system 400 arranges monitoring points layer by layer, and the support construction decision and support system 500 detects and records the number and position of the support components 300 and compares them with the monitoring points. It can monitor the stress, strain and deformation of the caisson 1 and the ancient shipwreck 100 in real time, making the process of replacing the ancient shipwreck 100 from the caisson 4 safe, reliable and efficient.

[0078] Optionally, the support beam 21 is a square steel tube beam, and the outside of the support beam 21 is covered with an anti-corrosion layer.

[0079] In some embodiments, the support beam 21 is a galvanized square steel of 200×200×12mm, which is hoisted on-site with the assistance of an overhead crane. The main space frame 2 is arranged in three zones: the bow zone, the midship zone, and the stern zone. All support beams 21 are wrapped with PP sheets (polypropylene material) for corrosion protection, which helps to protect the support beams 21 and improve their service life.

[0080] Optionally, the main space frame 2 also includes brackets, which are fixed to the side plates 11 of the caisson 1. Both ends of the support beam 21 are rigidly connected to the caisson 1 via these brackets. In this embodiment, the bracket includes two elbow plates and a panel. The sides of the two elbow plates are fixedly connected to the side plates 11 of the caisson 1, and the tops of the two elbow plates are fixedly connected to the panel. The end of the support beam 21 can support and be fixed to the panel. Using a bracket structure to fix the support beam 21 of the main space frame 2 helps to improve the structural strength of the support beam 21 and increase installation efficiency.

[0081] Optionally, the compartment support assembly 4 includes a first support plate 41 and a horizontal connecting clip 42. One side of the first support plate 41 is a flexible surface for abutting and supporting the compartment plate 101, and the other side of the first support plate 41 is a rigid surface, with a first adjusting rod 43 fixedly connected to the rigid surface. The horizontal connecting clip 42 has a first through hole 421 and a second through hole 422 that are perpendicular to each other. The first adjusting rod 43 and the vertical support rod 3 can be respectively inserted into the first through hole 421 and the second through hole 422 and fixed.

[0082] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the flexible surface of the first support plate 41 is made of sponge pad material. This flexible surface directly contacts and supports the compartment plate 101, protecting it and preventing secondary damage. The rigid surface of the first support plate 41 is made of PP board or metal. The rigid surface of the first support plate 41 and the first adjusting rod 43 are integrated. Wooden pads are placed between the rigid and flexible surfaces of the first support plate 41 for connection and buffering, facilitating adjustment of the distance between them for better support. The sponge pad, wooden pads, and PP board are assembled into a support surface using adhesive and screw connections for easy installation. After the first adjusting rod 43 and the vertical support rod 3 pass through the first through hole 421 and the second through hole 422 respectively, they are fixed to the horizontal connecting clip 42 using set screws, allowing for adjustable force position and magnitude.

[0083] Optionally, the side plate support assembly 6 includes a second support plate 61 and a second adjusting rod 62. One side of the second support plate 61 is a flexible surface, which is used to abut against and support the side plate 102. The other side of the second support plate 61 is a rigid surface, and a screw 63 is vertically connected to the rigid surface of the second support plate 61. The second adjusting rod 62 has an internal threaded hole, and the second adjusting rod 62 can be threadedly connected to the end of the screw 63 away from the second support plate 61. The second adjusting rod 62 is fixedly connected to the vertical support rod 3 and / or the horizontal support rod 5.

[0084] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 6The second adjusting rod 62 is threadedly connected to the screw 63, facilitating the adjustment of the total length of the second adjusting rod 62 and the screw 63. This allows the second adjusting rod 62 to be connected and fixed to the nearest vertical support rod 3 or horizontal support rod 5. The connection and fixing methods include, but are not limited to, steel pipe fastener connections or binding connections, to adjust the support angle of the second support plate 61. The second support plate 61 has the same structure as the first support plate 41, including a sponge pad, wooden pad, and PP board, pre-assembled into a single structure for easy installation. In this embodiment, as... Figure 6 The PP board has two layers, which are connected by bolts. The distance between the two PP boards can be adjusted by tightening the nuts on the bolts. With the second adjusting rod 62 and screw 63, the support distance and support angle of the second support plate 61 can be finely adjusted to provide precise support and protection.

[0085] Optionally, the support arrangement monitoring system 400 includes a total station 401, a stress-strain measuring instrument 402, and a display 403. Multiple total stations 401 are arranged at intervals around the outside of the caisson 1. Multiple monitoring points of the total stations 401 are arranged on the main space frame 2, as well as on the bulkhead plates 101 and side plates 102 of the ancient shipwreck 100, for monitoring the stress and deformation of the main space frame 2, bulkhead plates 101, and side plates 102. In this embodiment, the monitoring points of the total stations 401 are also arranged on the support beams 21 of the main space frame 2 for monitoring the stress and deformation of the main space frame 2, thereby enabling the assessment of the stress or deformation of the bulkhead plate support assembly 4 and the side plate support assembly 6. Multiple monitoring points of the stress-strain measuring instrument 402 are arranged on the main grid frame 2, vertical struts 3, and horizontal struts 5. They can also be further arranged on the flexible surfaces of the bulkhead support assembly 4 and the side plate support assembly 6 to monitor the stress-strain changes of the bulkhead support assembly 4 and the side plate support assembly 6, guiding the number and / or support area of ​​the bulkhead support assembly 4 and the side plate support assembly 6. The display 403 is electrically connected to the total station 401 and the stress-strain measuring instrument 402 to receive monitoring data and perform data processing. The display 403 can display the received stress-strain data and the deformation data from the total station 401, including the location information of the monitoring points. This enables data monitoring of the support replacement process of the ancient shipwreck 100, guiding the arrangement of the bulkhead support assembly 4 and the side plate support assembly 6. It should be noted that multiple monitoring points of the total station 401 and the stress-strain measuring instrument 402 can also be arranged on the bottom plate 12 and side plate 11 of the caisson 1 to detect and monitor the deformation and stress-strain of the caisson 1, so as to monitor the caisson 1 in real time and ensure stable support during the excavation process.

[0086] Optionally, the ancient shipwreck replacement support device also includes scissor braces 7, the ends of which are connected to horizontal struts 5 and / or vertical struts 3, respectively.

[0087] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the scissor bracing 7 includes two diagonal braces arranged in a cross pattern. The two ends of the diagonal braces are respectively connected to horizontal support rods 5 or vertical support rods 3. The scissor bracing 7 includes both horizontal and vertical scissor bracing. The horizontal scissor bracing is spaced at a distance of 2m, and the vertical scissor bracing is spaced at a distance of 4.5m. Multiple scissor bracing 7 are arranged in the same row. The two ends of the diagonal bracing of the scissor bracing 7 are welded and fixed to the horizontal support rods 5 or vertical support rods 3 to ensure the overall stability of the vertical support rods 3 and the horizontal support rods 5.

[0088] Optionally, the vertical connecting clip 31 includes an upper plate 311, a lower plate 312, and a connector 313. The upper plate 311 and the lower plate 312 are respectively provided with mounting holes 314 at both ends. The upper plate 311 and the lower plate 312 are respectively provided on the upper and lower sides of the support beam 21 and clamp the support beam 21. The two vertical struts 3 can pass through the mounting holes 314 at corresponding positions on the upper plate 311 and the lower plate 312 and be fixed. The connector 313 connects the upper plate 311 and the lower plate 312.

[0089] like Figures 7-9 As shown, the upper plate 311 and the lower plate 312 have the same structure. Taking the upper plate 311 as an example, a set of limiting structures 315 is provided on the side of the upper plate 311 facing the support beam 21. The spacing of the limiting structures 315 is equal to the width of the support beam 21, so that the support beam 21 can be just confined within the limiting structures 315, which facilitates further installation. In this embodiment, the limiting structure 315 is a triangular plate rib structure, welded to the surface of the upper plate 311, which has the function of increasing the strength of the upper plate 311. After the upper plate 311 and the lower plate 312 clamp the limiting support beam 21, they are connected by a connector 313. The connector 313 includes a threaded rod 3131 and a nut 3132. The threaded rod 3131 with threads at both ends passes through both the upper plate 311 and the lower plate 312, and the two ends of the threaded rod 3131 are locked by the nut 3132 to fix the upper plate 311 and the lower plate 312. Since the vertical support rod 3 passes through both the upper plate 311 and the lower plate 312, it helps to ensure the vertical position of the vertical support rod 3. Furthermore, the vertical support rod 3 is also tightened and fixed in the mounting hole 314 by set screws.

[0090] Optionally, such as Figure 3The support construction decision and support system 500 includes a support parameter display instrument 501, a support safety calculation module 502, and a support construction decision and support module 503. The support parameter display instrument 503 displays the quantity and specific location of the bulkhead support components 4 and the side plate support components 6; it can also receive and display monitoring data from the display 403, thereby displaying the quantity and location of support components 300, vertical struts 3, and horizontal struts 5 at the same or similar monitoring points for easy comparison and analysis. The support safety calculation module 502 is communicatively connected to the total station 401 and the stress-strain measuring instrument 402 to receive deformation and stress-strain data at different stages of the excavation process. By comparing the monitoring data of stage n with the monitoring data of stage n-1, it calculates the quantity and specific location of the bulkhead support components 4 and side plate support components 6 that need to be added in stage n, as well as the location and quantity of horizontal struts 5 and vertical struts 3, and sends support commands; stage n corresponds to excavating layer by layer to the nth layer. The support parameter display instrument 503 updates and displays the quantity and specific location information of the bulkhead support component 4 and the side plate support component 6 according to the support command; the support construction decision and support module 503 adjusts the excavation plan and the quantity and specific location of the support components 300 according to the support command, and implements differential correction to ensure that the stress and strain data and deformation data during the excavation process are within the preset data range.

[0091] The present invention also provides a method for constructing a replacement support system for an ancient shipwreck. According to the ancient shipwreck replacement support device provided by the present invention, the method for constructing a replacement support system for an ancient shipwreck includes the following steps:

[0092] S0, the support construction decision and support system 500 establishes a finite element model based on the structure of the ancient shipwreck 100 and calculates and determines the initial excavation scheme and support parameters of the ancient shipwreck 100, and stores them; the support parameters include the position of the support frame platform 200, the number and position of the support components 300, and the position of the monitoring points of the support layout monitoring system 400; the position of the support frame platform 200 includes the position of the vertical struts 3 and the position of the horizontal struts 5, and thus the number of vertical struts 3 and horizontal struts 5 can be determined.

[0093] S1, the support construction decision and support system 500 assesses whether the structural strength of the caisson 1 meets the support requirements based on the monitoring results of the support layout monitoring system 400. If it does not meet the requirements, the structure of the caisson 1 is strengthened first. Strengthening the structure of the caisson 1 includes setting a steel pipe grid on the inner side of the side plate 11 and the bottom plate 12 to connect and fix the main grid 2, vertical struts 3 and horizontal struts 5, and to provide welding points and support points.

[0094] S2, the main space frame 2 is laid on top of the caisson 1. The main space frame 2 is laid on top of the caisson 1, above the ancient shipwreck 100, and is used to fix the vertical struts 3 to set up the bulkhead support assembly 4 to support the bulkhead 101. At the same time, when the vertical struts 3 are located on the outside of the ancient shipwreck 100, they can be used to connect and fix the horizontal struts 5, so as to form a support grid structure between the hull and the caisson 1, which facilitates the addition of the side plate support assembly 6. In some embodiments, the main space frame 2 is a steel space frame, which is made of galvanized square steel wrapped with PP plate for corrosion protection. At the same time, monitoring points of the support arrangement monitoring system 400 are arranged at key positions on the main space frame 2 and the caisson 1.

[0095] S3, excavate the internal compartments of the ancient shipwreck 100 layer by layer. The support construction decision and support system 500 assesses the strength of the bulkhead 101 based on the monitoring results of the support layout monitoring system 400. If the bulkhead 101 needs support, vertical struts 3 and bulkhead support components 4 are installed to support the bulkhead 101. The height of the vertical struts 3 is always greater than the excavation depth. During the excavation, the stress on the bulkhead 101 is continuously monitored, and the vertical struts 3 and bulkhead support components 4 are arranged as needed. The support arrangement monitoring system 400 employs a total station 401 and a stress-strain measuring instrument 402 (vibrating wire type). The hull deformation monitoring points for the ancient shipwreck 100 are arranged on the bulkhead plate 101 and the side plate 102, with no fewer than ten monitoring points on each side, capable of monitoring the deformation data of the ancient shipwreck 100. Monitoring points are also arranged on the main space frame 2 and the caisson 1 to monitor the deformation data of the main space frame 2 and the caisson 1. The stress-strain measuring instrument 402 has monitoring points evenly distributed on the main space frame 2, horizontal struts 5, and vertical struts 3, with no fewer than twenty points.

[0096] S4. Excavate the exterior of the ancient shipwreck 100 layer by layer and install horizontal struts 5 layer by layer. The horizontal struts 5 are welded to the steel pipe frame inside the caisson 1 and connected to the nearest vertical strut 3. The horizontal struts 5 and the vertical struts 3 form a support network between the ancient shipwreck 100 and the caisson 1.

[0097] S5, the support construction decision and support system 500 assesses the strength of the side plate 102 based on the monitoring results of the support layout monitoring system 400 on the side plate 102, and if the side plate 102 needs support, the side plate support assembly 6 is installed.

[0098] In the side plate support assembly 6, at least one of the screws 63 and the second adjusting rod 62 is equipped with a wrench for mutual rotation between them. When arranging the side plate support assembly 6, the longitudinal spacing along the depth direction of the ancient shipwreck 100 is n meters, where n is no greater than 0.4m. The horizontal struts 5 are steel pipe frames with a longitudinal spacing of 0.925m and a transverse spacing of 1m along the length of the ship. The horizontal struts 5 are welded and fixed to the caisson 1, and the connection points are located at the reinforcing ribs of the caisson 1.

[0099] S6, the support construction decision and support system 500 comprehensively evaluates the stress conditions of multiple bulkhead support components 4 and side plate support components 6. When the stress on the bulkhead support components 4 and / or side plate support components 6 reaches 75% of the allowable value, the number or area of ​​the bulkhead support components 4 and / or side plate support components 6 is increased. It can be understood that during the support process, the number of bulkhead support components 4 is calculated and determined by the support construction decision and support system 500 based on the actual monitoring data of the support layout monitoring system 400. That is, when the obtained stress condition reaches approximately 75% of the allowable value, the number and area of ​​support components 300 need to be increased at locations with high monitored stress data, thereby reducing the stress on the bulkhead support components 4. The number of side plate support components 6, as well as the positions of vertical struts 3 and horizontal struts 5, are also arranged after calculation based on monitoring data.

[0100] The ancient shipwreck replacement support construction method provided by this invention gradually adds vertical struts 3, bulkhead support components 4, horizontal struts 5, and side plate support components 6 during the excavation process. This facilitates gradual support and protection during excavation. Under the real-time monitoring of the support layout monitoring system 400 and the support construction decision and support system 500, the bulkhead support components 4 and side plate support components 6 can be adjusted in real time, ensuring the safe replacement of the ancient shipwreck 100. The support layout monitoring system 400 and the support construction decision and support system 500 determine the number of bulkhead support components 4 and side plate support components 6, avoiding misjudgments that might occur if relying on manual experience during the excavation of the ancient shipwreck 100, thus making the entire support process safe and reliable.

[0101] The ancient shipwreck replacement support device and support construction method provided by this invention solve the technical problem of support and protection during the overall salvage of the ancient shipwreck 100. During the excavation process, the ship's hull was successfully replaced from the silt within the caisson 1. This invention is applicable to various archaeological projects involving the overall salvage of the ancient shipwreck 100, providing solid technical support and a scientifically reliable implementation method for the ship replacement support and protection of the ancient shipwreck 100 in my country. It promotes the development of ancient shipwreck protection technology and has high application value.

[0102] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will be able to make various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for replacing and supporting ancient shipwrecks, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S0, the support construction decision and support system (500) establishes a finite element model based on the structure of the ancient shipwreck (100) and calculates and determines the initial excavation scheme and support parameters of the ancient shipwreck (100), and stores them; the support parameters include the location of the support support frame platform (200), the number and location of the support components (300), and the location of the monitoring points of the support layout monitoring system (400); S1, the support construction decision and support system (500) evaluates whether the structural strength of the caisson (1) meets the support requirements based on the monitoring results of the support layout monitoring system (400) on the caisson (1). If it does not meet the requirements, the structure of the caisson (1) is strengthened first. Strengthening the structure of the caisson (1) includes setting a steel pipe grid on the inner side of the side plate (11) and bottom plate (12) of the caisson (1) to connect and fix the main grid (2), vertical struts (3) and horizontal struts (5), and to provide welding points and support points. S2, the main grid frame (2) is laid on the top of the caisson (1); S3, excavate the internal compartments of the ancient shipwreck (100) layer by layer. The support construction decision and support system (500) evaluates the strength of the bulkhead (101) based on the monitoring results of the support layout monitoring system (400) on the bulkhead (101). If the bulkhead (101) needs support, install vertical struts (3) and bulkhead support components (4) to support the bulkhead (101). S4, excavate the exterior of the ancient shipwreck (100) layer by layer, and install horizontal struts (5) layer by layer; along the length of the ancient shipwreck (100), the longitudinal distance between any two adjacent horizontal struts (5) is 0.925m, and the transverse distance is 1m; S5, the support construction decision and support system (500) evaluates the strength of the side plate (102) based on the monitoring results of the side plate (102) of the support layout monitoring system (400). If the side plate (102) needs support, the side plate support assembly (6) is installed. The longitudinal distance between any two side plate support assemblies (6) along the depth direction of the ancient shipwreck 100 is no greater than 0.4m. S6, the support construction decision and support system (500) evaluates the stress conditions of multiple said bulkhead support components (4) and said side plate support components (6), and when the stress of said bulkhead support components (4) and / or said side plate support components (6) reaches 75% of the allowable value, the number or area of ​​said bulkhead support components (4) and / or said side plate support components (6) is increased; The support distance and support angle of the bulkhead support assembly (4) and the side plate support assembly (6) are adjustable.

2. The ancient shipwreck replacement support construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, An ancient shipwreck replacement support device is obtained by applying the aforementioned ancient shipwreck replacement support construction method. The ancient shipwreck replacement support device includes a support frame platform (200), support components (300), a support layout monitoring system (400), and a support construction decision and support system (500). During the excavation of the ancient shipwreck (100), the support frame platform (200) is laid layer by layer. The two ends of the support components (300) are respectively connected to the support frame platform (200) and the ancient shipwreck (100) to progressively support the ancient shipwreck. The ancient shipwreck (100) is supported and protected; the support layout monitoring system (400) is equipped with multiple monitoring points, which are respectively arranged on the ancient shipwreck (100) and the support frame platform (200) to monitor the deformation of the ancient shipwreck (100) and the stress and strain of the support frame platform (200) layer by layer during the excavation process; the support construction decision and support system (500) is configured to correct and determine the number and location of the support frame platform (200) and support components (300) required during the excavation process; The support frame platform (200) includes: The caisson (1) includes a side plate (11) and a bottom plate (12). The side plate (11) is arranged around the bottom plate (12) to form a box-shaped structure with an open top. The salvaged ancient shipwreck (100) is located inside the caisson (1). The main grid frame (2) includes multiple support beams (21), which are laid horizontally in the caisson (1). The two ends of the support beams (21) are respectively fixed to the side plates (11) of the caisson (1) and the support beams (21) are located above the ancient shipwreck (100). Vertical struts (3), multiple vertical struts (3) are provided, and multiple vertical struts (3) are connected to the support beam (21) by vertical connecting clips (31); The horizontal strut (5) includes a longitudinal horizontal strut and a transverse horizontal strut. The horizontal strut (5) is located horizontally between the side plate (102) of the ancient shipwreck (100) and the side plate (11) of the caisson (1). The horizontal strut (5) is connected to the vertical strut (3). The support assembly (300) includes a bulkhead support assembly (4) and a side plate support assembly (6). There are multiple bulkhead support assemblies (4), one end of each bulkhead support assembly (4) is fixed to a vertical strut (3), and the other end can support the bulkhead (101) of the ancient shipwreck (100). There are multiple side plate support assemblies (6), one end of each side plate support assembly (6) is connected to a horizontal strut (5), and the other end can support the side plate (102). The compartment support assembly (4) includes a first support plate (41) and a horizontal connecting clip (42). One side of the first support plate (41) is a flexible surface, which is used to abut against and support the compartment plate (101). The other side of the first support plate (41) is a rigid surface, and a first adjusting rod (43) is fixedly connected to the rigid surface of the first support plate (41). The horizontal connecting clip (42) has a first through hole (421) and a second through hole (422) that are perpendicular to each other. The first adjusting rod (43) and the vertical support rod (3) can be respectively inserted into the first through hole (421) and the second through hole (422) and fixed. The first adjusting rod (43) and the vertical support rod (3) are fixed on the horizontal connecting clip (42) by means of a set screw. The force position and magnitude are adjustable. The side plate support assembly (6) includes a second support plate (61) and a second adjusting rod (62). One side of the second support plate (61) is a flexible surface, which is used to abut against and support the side plate (102). The other side of the second support plate (61) is a rigid surface, and a screw (63) is vertically arranged on the rigid surface of the second support plate (61). The second adjusting rod (62) has an internal threaded hole, and the second adjusting rod (62) can be threadedly connected to the end of the screw (63) away from the second support plate (61) to adjust the total length of the second adjusting rod (62) and the screw (63). The second adjusting rod (62) is fixedly connected to the vertical support rod (3) and / or the horizontal support rod (5). The second support plate (61) has the same structure as the first support plate (41), both including a sponge pad, a wooden pad and a PP board. The PP board has two layers, and the two layers of PP board are connected by bolts. The distance between the two PP boards can be adjusted by tightening the nuts on the bolts, so as to finely adjust the support distance and support angle of the second support plate (61) and the first support plate (41). The vertical connection card code (31) includes: The upper plate (311) and the lower plate (312) are provided with mounting holes (314) at both ends. The upper plate (311) and the lower plate (312) are respectively provided on the upper and lower sides of the support beam (21) and clamp the support beam (21). The two vertical struts (3) can pass through the mounting holes (314) at corresponding positions on the upper plate (311) and the lower plate (312) respectively and be fixed by tightening with set screws. A connector (313) connects the upper plate (311) and the lower plate (312).

3. The ancient shipwreck replacement support construction method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The multiple monitoring points of the support arrangement monitoring system (400) are respectively arranged on the bulkhead (101), the side plate (102), the main grid (2), the vertical strut (3) and the horizontal strut (5).

4. The ancient shipwreck replacement support construction method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The support beam (21) is a square tube steel beam, and the outer side of the support beam (21) is covered with an anti-corrosion layer.

5. The ancient shipwreck replacement support construction method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The support layout monitoring system (400) includes: A total station (401) is provided, and multiple total stations (401) are arranged at intervals around the outside of the caisson (1). Multiple monitoring points of the total station (401) are arranged on the bulkhead (101) and the side plate (102) to receive the deformation data of the ancient shipwreck (100). The number of multiple monitoring points of the total station (401) is determined by the support construction decision and support system (500). A stress-strain measuring instrument (402) has multiple monitoring points arranged on the main grid frame (2), the vertical struts (3) and the horizontal struts (5) to receive stress-strain data; the number of multiple monitoring points of the stress-strain measuring instrument (402) is determined by the support construction decision and support system (500); A display (403) is electrically connected to the total station (401) and the stress-strain measuring instrument (402) to receive and display the deformation data and the stress-strain data.

6. The method for replacing and supporting ancient shipwrecks according to claim 5, characterized in that, The support construction decision and support system (500) includes: The support parameter display instrument displays the quantity and specific location of the bulkhead support assembly (4) and the side plate support assembly (6); The support safety calculation module is connected to the total station (401) and the stress and strain measuring instrument (402) to receive the deformation data and stress and strain data at different stages during the excavation process. By comparing the monitoring data of the nth stage with the monitoring data of the (n-1)th stage, it calculates the number and specific location of the bulkhead support assembly (4) and the side plate support assembly (6) that need to be added in the nth stage, and sends the support command. The support construction decision and support module adjusts the excavation plan and the quantity and specific location of the support components (300) according to the support instructions, and implements differential correction to ensure that the stress-strain data and the deformation data are within the preset data range during the excavation process.

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