A system and method for producing hydrogen in the form of a paste of magnesium hydride based on renewable energy

Abstract

The application discloses a system and method for producing hydrogen in the form of paste magnesium hydride based on renewable energy, and relates to the field of renewable energy. A renewable energy power generation system generates electric energy; a andalusite heat storage system uses the electric energy to heat water to generate high-temperature water vapor; the andalusite heat storage system is also used for heat storage and generates high-temperature water vapor when the electric energy fluctuates; a steam turbine generator set uses the high-temperature water vapor to generate new electric energy; a water electrolysis system uses the new electric energy to electrolyze water to obtain hydrogen; a heating unit heats magnesium hydroxide to generate magnesium oxide; a reduction furnace reduces the magnesium oxide to generate magnesium vapor; a high-pressure reaction kettle is used for generating magnesium hydride powder from the magnesium vapor and hydrogen; the magnesium hydride powder is mixed with ester compounds and metal salts to form paste magnesium hydride through stirring; and the paste magnesium hydride is hydrolyzed to generate hydrogen and magnesium hydroxide. The application improves the efficiency of hydrogen production by electrolyzing water based on renewable energy, realizes the recycling of magnesium hydroxide generated during the hydrolysis of solid magnesium hydride, and reduces energy waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of renewable energy technology, and in particular to a system and method for producing hydrogen from paste-like magnesium hydride based on renewable energy. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, hydrogen production via water electrolysis using renewable energy generally requires stable or near-stable electricity. However, electricity from renewable energy sources exhibits volatility; wind power shows real-time random fluctuations, while photovoltaic power shows regular diurnal cyclical fluctuations. This results in the inability to fully utilize renewable energy for hydrogen production, leading to low utilization efficiency of renewable energy power generation and low efficiency in water electrolysis for hydrogen production.

[0003] The synthesis of solid magnesium hydride requires external heat, resulting in energy waste. Furthermore, the magnesium hydroxide obtained after the hydrolysis of solid magnesium hydride cannot be recycled, and the amount of hydrogen produced is difficult to control when using solid magnesium hydride. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a system and method for producing hydrogen from paste-like magnesium hydride based on renewable energy, so as to improve the efficiency of hydrogen production by electrolyzing water using renewable energy, to enable the recycling of magnesium hydroxide produced during the hydrolysis of solid magnesium hydride, and to control the amount of hydrogen produced during the hydrolysis reaction of solid magnesium hydride.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, embodiments of the present invention provide the following solutions:

[0006] A system for producing hydrogen from paste-like magnesium hydride based on renewable energy sources includes:

[0007] Renewable energy generation systems are used to generate electricity.

[0008] The andalusite thermal storage system is connected to the renewable energy power generation system and is used to heat water to generate high-temperature steam using the electrical energy; the andalusite thermal storage system is also used to store heat and generate the high-temperature steam when the electrical energy fluctuates.

[0009] A steam turbine generator set is connected to the andalusite thermal storage system to generate new electrical energy using the high-temperature steam.

[0010] An electrolysis water system, connected to the steam turbine generator set, is used to produce hydrogen by electrolyzing water using the new electrical energy.

[0011] A heating unit, connected to the steam turbine generator set, is used to heat magnesium hydroxide to generate magnesium oxide.

[0012] A reduction furnace, connected to the heating unit, is used to reduce the magnesium oxide to generate magnesium vapor;

[0013] A high-pressure reactor is connected to the reduction furnace and the water electrolysis system, respectively, for the magnesium vapor and hydrogen to generate magnesium hydride powder; the magnesium hydride powder is mixed and stirred with ester compounds and metal salts to form a paste-like magnesium hydride; the paste-like magnesium hydride is hydrolyzed to produce hydrogen and magnesium hydroxide.

[0014] Optionally, it also includes:

[0015] A vacuum unit is connected to the reduction furnace and the high-pressure reactor respectively, and is used to extract gas to make the inside of the reduction furnace and the high-pressure reactor a vacuum state;

[0016] A cooling unit is connected to both the reduction furnace and the high-pressure reactor to reduce their temperatures.

[0017] Optionally, it also includes an iron-air battery energy storage system;

[0018] The iron-air battery energy storage system includes multiple iron-ion batteries connected in series; each iron-ion battery includes a positive electrode, an electrolyte, and a negative electrode.

[0019] Optionally, the positive electrode comprises a conductive agent, a binder, a semi-crystalline block polymer, and MnO2-Ag; the electrolyte comprises sodium chloride and ferric chloride; and the negative electrode is an iron plate.

[0020] Optionally, the andalusite thermal storage system includes:

[0021] An induction coil, connected to the renewable energy power generation system, is used to generate heat;

[0022] A graphite cylinder, connected to the induction coil, is used to generate heat through electromagnetic induction with the induction coil and to conduct the heat.

[0023] Andalusite composite spheres are used to store heat and heat water to produce steam.

[0024] A circulating pump is used to extract the water vapor;

[0025] A heat exchanger, connected to the steam turbine generator set, is used for heat exchange of water vapor to generate high-temperature water vapor.

[0026] Optionally, the andalusite thermal storage system further includes:

[0027] The insulation layer is used to insulate the andalusite composite sphere.

[0028] A housing for accommodating the insulation layer, the induction coil, the graphite cylinder, and the andalusite composite sphere.

[0029] Optionally, the renewable energy power generation system includes a wind power generation system and / or a photovoltaic power generation system.

[0030] Optionally, the iron-air battery energy storage system further includes:

[0031] A detection module, connected to the iron-ion battery, is used to detect the voltage of the iron-ion battery;

[0032] The control module is connected to both the detection module and the iron-ion battery, and is used to control the iron-ion battery to start or stop storing electricity based on the voltage.

[0033] This invention also provides a method for producing hydrogen from paste-like magnesium hydride based on renewable energy, comprising:

[0034] Obtain electricity generated from renewable energy sources;

[0035] The electrical energy is used to heat water to generate high-temperature steam; heat is stored and the high-temperature steam is generated when the electrical energy fluctuates.

[0036] The high-temperature water vapor will generate new electrical energy;

[0037] The new electrical energy is used to electrolyze water to produce hydrogen.

[0038] The new electrical energy is used to heat magnesium hydroxide to generate magnesium oxide.

[0039] The magnesium oxide is reduced to generate magnesium vapor;

[0040] The magnesium vapor reacts with the hydrogen to produce magnesium hydride powder;

[0041] The magnesium hydride powder is mixed and stirred with ester compounds and metal salts to form a paste-like magnesium hydride.

[0042] The paste-like magnesium hydride hydrolyzes to produce hydrogen gas and magnesium hydroxide.

[0043] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the operations performed by the control module described above.

[0044] This invention provides a system and method for producing hydrogen from paste-like magnesium hydride based on renewable energy. The system includes: a renewable energy power generation system, a andalusite thermal storage system, a steam turbine generator set, a water electrolysis system, a heating unit, a reduction furnace, and a high-pressure reactor. The renewable energy power generation system generates electricity; the andalusite thermal storage system uses electricity to heat water to produce high-temperature steam; the andalusite thermal storage system also stores heat, generating high-temperature steam during power fluctuations, thus solving the problem of not being able to generate high-temperature steam during power fluctuations; the steam turbine generator set uses the high-temperature steam to generate new electricity; the water electrolysis system uses the new electricity to electrolyze water to produce hydrogen. Since the new electricity is stable and does not fluctuate, the water electrolysis system can operate continuously, improving the efficiency of hydrogen production from renewable energy through water electrolysis.

[0045] The heating unit heats magnesium hydroxide to produce magnesium oxide; the reduction furnace reduces magnesium oxide to produce magnesium vapor; the high-pressure reactor is used to react magnesium vapor with hydrogen to produce magnesium hydride powder; the magnesium hydride powder is mixed with ester compounds and metal salts to form a paste-like magnesium hydride. Because the paste-like magnesium hydride has good fluidity, it is easy to fill, and the amount of hydrogen produced can be controlled by controlling the flow rate of the paste-like magnesium hydride during use; the paste-like magnesium hydride hydrolyzes to produce hydrogen and magnesium hydroxide, and the magnesium hydroxide enters the heating unit to achieve recycling, reducing energy waste. Attached Figure Description

[0046] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0047] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a system for producing hydrogen from paste-like magnesium hydride based on renewable energy, provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the high-pressure reactor provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the andalusite thermal storage system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a method for producing hydrogen from paste-like magnesium hydride based on renewable energy, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Symbol explanation:

[0052] Renewable energy power generation system-1, andalusite thermal storage system-2, induction coil-21, graphite cylinder-22, andalusite composite material ball-23, circulating pump-24, heat exchanger-25, insulation layer-26, shell-27, steam turbine generator set-3, water electrolysis system-4, heating unit-5, reduction furnace-6, high-pressure reactor-7, hydrogen inlet-71, stirring device-72, reactor body-73, magnesium vapor inlet-74, vacuum extraction port-75, magnesium hydride outlet-76. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0054] The purpose of this invention is to provide a system and method for producing hydrogen from paste-like magnesium hydride based on renewable energy, which solves the problems of low efficiency in hydrogen production by electrolysis of water from renewable energy, the inability to recycle magnesium hydroxide produced during the hydrolysis of solid magnesium hydride, resulting in energy waste, and the difficulty in controlling the amount of hydrogen produced during the hydrolysis reaction of solid magnesium hydride.

[0055] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0056] Figure 1 An exemplary structure of the above-described renewable energy-based system for producing paste-like magnesium hydride hydrogen is shown, comprising at least a renewable energy power generation system 1, a andalusite thermal storage system 2, a steam turbine generator set 3, a water electrolysis system 4, a heating unit 5, a reduction furnace 6, and a high-pressure reactor 7. Each component is described in detail below.

[0057] Renewable energy generation system 1 is used to generate electricity.

[0058] In one example, the renewable energy power generation system 1 includes at least one of a wind power generation system and a photovoltaic power generation system, and may also include a tidal power generation system, a geothermal power generation system, and a hydropower generation system. The electricity generated by the renewable energy power generation system 1 is fluctuating. For example, the wind power generation system can generate electricity when there is wind but cannot generate electricity when there is no wind; the photovoltaic power generation system can generate electricity when there is good sunlight but cannot generate electricity when there is poor sunlight or no sunlight, which leads to unstable electricity.

[0059] In another example, a wind power generation system is connected to an AC / AC converter to convert the electrical energy generated by the wind power generation system into first alternating current (AC). A photovoltaic (PV) power generation system is connected to a DC / AC converter to convert the electrical energy generated by the PV power generation system into first alternating current (AC). The first AC is stable when the electrical energy is stable, and unstable when the electrical energy is unstable.

[0060] Andalusite thermal storage system 2 is connected to renewable energy power generation system 1. Andalusite thermal storage system 2 is used to heat water using electrical energy to generate high-temperature steam. Andalusite thermal storage system 2 is also used for heat storage, generating high-temperature steam when there are fluctuations in electrical power.

[0061] In one example, after the andalusite thermal storage system 2 is connected to the renewable energy power generation system 1, it directly heats water with stable AC power to generate high-temperature steam. Thermal storage means that the andalusite thermal storage system 2...

[0062] Unstable alternating current is converted into heat energy by a heating device and stored. The stored heat energy is then used to heat water to produce high-temperature steam.

[0063] In another example, the andalusite thermal storage system 2 can also be connected to other heat loads, such as heating systems, which will not be elaborated here.

[0064] 0. The steam turbine generator set 3 is connected to the andalusite thermal storage system 2. The steam turbine generator set 3 is used to utilize...

[0065] New electrical energy is generated using high-temperature steam.

[0066] In one example, those skilled in the art can flexibly design the number of steam turbine generators in the steam turbine generator set 3, such as 1, 2, 3, etc., which will not be elaborated here. High-temperature steam drives the steam turbine generator set 3 to continuously generate new electrical energy, and the new electrical energy is continuous and more stable.

[0067] 5. The water electrolysis system 4 is connected to the steam turbine generator set 3. The water electrolysis system 4 is used to utilize the new electricity

[0068] It can electrolyze water to produce hydrogen.

[0069] In one example, the water electrolysis system 4 uses alkaline water electrolysis. The anode and cathode of the water electrolysis system 4 can specifically be steel rods, which are plasma-sprayed with titanium boride. Titanium boride is an electrodeless catalyst.

[0070] It features low cost, long lifespan, and a melting point of 3000℃, and is coated using plasma equipment. Because titanium boride acts as a catalyst in alkaline water electrolysis, it improves current flow efficiency, thereby enhancing the overall efficiency of alkaline water electrolysis.

[0071] In another example, the alkaline solution includes an electrolyte and cooling water. The electrolyte is a 30% potassium hydroxide solution. The potassium hydroxide is a white crystalline solid with a purity of AR grade (analytical purity or higher). The cooling water has a temperature of ≤30°C, a pressure between 0.4 and 0.6 MPa, and is industrial soft water.

[0072] The voltage of a single electrolyzer in water electrolysis system 4 is 2V, and the operating temperature is 60-80℃. The overall energy consumption of water electrolysis system 45 is less than or equal to 47.8kWh / kg (hydrogen), and the current density is greater than or equal to 2500A / m³. 2 The pressure of the single electrolyzer is 1.80 MPa, and the boundary pressure of the water electrolysis system 4 is 1.55 MPa. The hydrogen production capacity of the single electrolyzer is 500–1000 Nm³. 3 / h, oxygen production is 0-500 Nm³ 3 / h. Hydrogen purity is 99.999%, oxygen content is less than 1 ppm, nitrogen content is less than 5 ppm, and hydrogen dew point temperature is less than or equal to -70℃. Oxygen purity is greater than or equal to 98.5%. The operating temperature of the individual electrolyzer is not greater than 95℃. The operating load range of the individual electrolyzer is 20% to 110% of the standard load range. The lifespan of the individual electrolyzer is greater than 30 years. At an ambient temperature of 20℃, the cold start time (time from zero load to full load) of the individual electrolyzer is less than 20 minutes, and the hot start time is less than 3 minutes. The hydrogen production time from zero load to full load operation of the individual electrolyzer is less than 1 minute.

[0073] Heating unit 5 is connected to steam turbine generator set 3. Heating unit 5 is used to heat magnesium hydroxide to generate magnesium oxide.

[0074] In one example, heating unit 5 can specifically be an electromagnetic heating coil, which is formed by winding a hollow copper tube. Cooling water is circulated inside the copper tube for cooling, and an insulation layer is provided on the outer wall of the electromagnetic heating coil. After the electromagnetic heating coil is connected to the steam turbine generator set 3, it converts the new electrical energy into heat energy, calcining magnesium hydroxide in the range of 350-550°C for 2 hours to generate magnesium oxide.

[0075] The reduction furnace 6 is connected to the heating unit 5. The reduction furnace 6 is used to reduce magnesium oxide to generate magnesium vapor.

[0076] In one example, the reduction furnace 6 can specifically be an induction current vertical furnace. The induction current vertical furnace has a magnesium vapor outlet pipe, a reduction section, and a slag discharge section arranged sequentially from top to bottom. Magnesium oxide is reduced to magnesium vapor in the reduction section, and the magnesium vapor is discharged through the magnesium vapor outlet pipe. A graphite filter is installed at the front end of the magnesium vapor outlet pipe, and the remaining residue after reduction is discharged through the slag discharge section located at the bottom of the induction current vertical furnace. The induction current vertical furnace is made of heat-resistant steel, specifically 28Cr16Ni alloy steel, which can withstand temperatures up to 1400℃. In the prior art, the reduction of magnesium oxide to magnesium vapor requires cooling the magnesium vapor to solidify it into solid magnesium, then processing the solid magnesium into magnesium powder, and finally reacting the magnesium powder with hydrogen to produce magnesium hydride. In this embodiment, the magnesium vapor reacts directly with hydrogen. The magnesium vapor itself carries heat, eliminating the need for external heating, thus saving energy, reducing emissions, and minimizing energy waste.

[0077] Specifically, magnesium oxide is ground to 120 mesh, and then 8-10% by mass of 100 mesh aluminum powder and 2-3% by mass of calcium fluoride are simultaneously added to a mixer and stirred for 1 hour. Dry pellets are then obtained by dry pelletizing. After adding the dry pellets to the reduction section, the upper furnace cover of reduction furnace 6 is closed, and the magnesium vapor outlet pipe is installed, with a graphite filter installed at the front end of the magnesium vapor outlet pipe. Reduction furnace 6 is connected to the vacuum unit and cooling water system, and the cooling water system is started. Then, heating unit 5 is started, and the vacuum unit is started to evacuate reduction furnace 6 to a working vacuum of 5-10 Pa. Reduction furnace 6 is heated to the process temperature of 1150-1200℃, and magnesium rises as vapor into the magnesium vapor outlet pipe, with the magnesium vapor temperature maintained at 600-650℃. After the reduction reaction is complete, heating unit 5 is turned off, and the furnace is cooled to 500℃. The vacuum unit and cooling water system are then shut down. Start the slag transport vehicle to move the slag hopper to the vicinity of the slag discharge section of reduction furnace 6. Open the lower furnace cover of reduction furnace 6, adjust the lifting device of the slag transport vehicle to align the slag hopper with the slag discharge section, and open the slag discharge section to allow the residual slag to fall into the slag hopper. After slag discharge is completed, close the slag discharge section, remove the slag transport vehicle, and close the lower furnace cover. Then add dry pellets to reduction furnace 6, and repeat the above steps for continuous production.

[0078] The residue is reduced magnesium slag, which is the raw material for manufacturing aluminum-magnesium spinel. The reduced magnesium slag is calcined at 1800℃ for 2 hours to produce high-grade refractory material aluminum-magnesium spinel.

[0079] The reaction equation is:

[0080] Mg(OH)₂=MgO+H₂O↑;

[0081] 4MgO+2Al=Al2O3·MgO+3Mg↑;

[0082] The high-pressure reactor 7 is connected to the reduction furnace 6 and the water electrolysis system 4 respectively. The high-pressure reactor 7 is used to generate magnesium hydride powder by reacting magnesium vapor and hydrogen. The magnesium hydride powder is mixed and stirred with ester compounds and metal salts to form paste magnesium hydride. The paste magnesium hydride is hydrolyzed to produce hydrogen and magnesium hydroxide.

[0083] Please see Figure 2 The high-pressure reactor 7 can be a dual-chamber high-pressure fluidized bed reactor. The high-pressure reactor 7 includes at least a hydrogen inlet 71, a stirring device 72, a reactor body 73, a magnesium vapor inlet 74, a vacuum extraction port 75, and a magnesium hydride outlet 76.

[0084] Hydrogen inlet 71 is connected to the water electrolysis system 4 for introducing hydrogen. Magnesium vapor inlet 74 is connected to the magnesium vapor outlet pipe of the reduction furnace 6 for introducing magnesium vapor. Hydrogen and magnesium vapor react in the reactor body 73 to produce magnesium hydride powder. The stirring device 72 ensures sufficient contact between hydrogen and magnesium vapor, increasing the reaction area. The reactor body 73 is evacuated through the vacuum extraction port 75 before the reaction begins. After the reaction, the magnesium hydride powder is discharged from the magnesium hydride outlet 76.

[0085] Specifically, magnesium vapor and hydrogen are introduced into the high-pressure reactor 7. During the introduction process, the hydrogen pressure is 2 MPa and the hydrogen temperature is 50–60°C, while the magnesium vapor pressure is 1 MPa and the magnesium vapor temperature is 600–650°C. The temperature inside the high-pressure reactor 7 reaches 550°C, and the reaction time is 5 hours. After the time is up, the introduction of hydrogen and magnesium vapor is stopped. After the reaction, the content of hydride magnesium powder reaches 7.2%. Within a suitable range, the pressure increase is 0.023 MPa / min, and the temperature increase is 5°C / min, controlling the hydrogen production to be completed within 30 minutes. The high-pressure reactor 7 is made of 2205 stainless steel, and the pressure and temperature are adjustable. The stirring device 72 has a stirring speed of 300–2000 rpm.

[0086] The ester compounds can specifically include ethyl acetate, phenyl acetate, methyl acetate, or butyl acetate, etc. The metal salts can specifically include zinc chloride, magnesium chloride, ferric chloride, potassium chloride, or sodium chloride, etc. The particle size of the magnesium hydride powder ranges from 0.5 to 25 micrometers, with an average size of 15 micrometers. The mixing ratio is: 100 parts by mass of magnesium hydride powder; 1–5 parts by mass of the metal salt; and 20–40 parts by mass of the ester compound. The three materials are stirred in a mixing device according to their respective mass proportions to produce a paste-like magnesium hydride, at a stirring speed of 500 rpm.

[0087] In this embodiment of the invention, paste-like magnesium hydride is directly injected into a cylindrical container with a magnesium hydride concentration of 20-40%. Distilled water is placed in another cylindrical container. The paste-like magnesium hydride and distilled water are injected into the container below the two containers at controlled flow rates to generate hydrogen gas and magnesium hydroxide precipitate. The reaction time is 20-60 minutes, the reaction temperature is 100-150°C, and the pressure is 0.5-1 MPa.

[0088] The reaction equation is: MgH2 + 2H2O → Mg(OH)2↓ + 2H2↑;

[0089] The hydrogen outlet pressure (adjustable) is 1–2 MPa. Besides distilled water, it can also be one or more of tap water, dirty water, seawater, alkaline water, and salt water. Ester compounds react with metal salts to form esterified salts that dissolve in distilled water. After the reaction, the distilled water solution in the container is filtered and separated from the magnesium hydroxide precipitate, washed, and the magnesium hydroxide is calcined to produce magnesium oxide. The magnesium oxide is then recycled in reduction furnace 6. The hydrogen release from the hydrolysis of paste-like magnesium hydride is 1800 ml / g, approximately 15% of the hydrogen content of magnesium hydride. The hydrogen produced by the hydrolysis of paste-like magnesium hydride contains moisture and is dried in a hydrogen drying tower. After purification, pure hydrogen with a purity of 99.9% is obtained. Purification is achieved using pressure swing adsorption (PSA), which utilizes the differences in adsorption characteristics of gas components on the adsorbent and the principle that the adsorption capacity changes with pressure. Gas separation and purification are achieved through a periodic pressure change process.

[0090] In summary, the present invention provides a system for producing hydrogen from paste magnesium hydride based on renewable energy, which improves the efficiency of hydrogen production by electrolyzing water using renewable energy, realizes the recycling of magnesium hydroxide generated during the hydrolysis of solid magnesium hydride, and controls the amount of hydrogen produced by controlling the flow rate of paste magnesium hydride, thereby reducing energy waste.

[0091] The vacuum unit is connected to the vacuum extraction port 75 of the reduction furnace 6 and the high-pressure reactor 7 respectively. The vacuum unit is used to extract gas to make the inside of the reduction furnace 6 and the high-pressure reactor 7 a vacuum state.

[0092] In one example, the vacuum unit can specifically be a vacuum pump.

[0093] The cooling unit is connected to the reduction furnace 6 and the high-pressure reactor 7 respectively, and the cooling unit is used to reduce the temperature of the reduction furnace 6 and the high-pressure reactor 7.

[0094] In one example, the cooling unit can be either a water-cooled system or an air-cooled system.

[0095] The embodiments of the present invention also include an iron-air battery energy storage system.

[0096] The iron-air battery energy storage system consists of multiple iron-ion batteries connected in series; each iron-ion battery includes a positive electrode, an electrolyte, and a negative electrode.

[0097] In one example, the iron-air battery energy storage system is used to store the new electrical energy generated by the steam turbine generator set 3 and for emergency power loads.

[0098] The positive electrode includes a conductive agent, a binder, a semi-crystalline block polymer, and MnO2-Ag; the electrolyte includes sodium chloride and ferric chloride; and the negative electrode is an iron plate.

[0099] In one example, the conductive agent can be: conductive carbon black, acetylene black, or graphite powder. The binder can be: N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) or 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone. The semi-crystalline block polymer can be: polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP), hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber (HNBR), or perfluoroethylene propylene copolymer (FEP). MnO2 in MnO2-Ag can be replaced with KMnO4 or KClO3. The catalyst includes at least: manganese dioxide, platinum, or perovskite. The electrolyte includes 4 moles of sodium chloride and 0.5–1.5 moles of ferric chloride. The negative electrode is a metallic iron plate with a purity of 4N (99.99%). Alternatively, the negative electrode can be 4N iron powder hot-pressed together with carbon powder and bismuth sulfide. The positive and negative electrodes are separated by a perfluorobutyl sulfonate ion-transparent membrane or a perfluoroethyl sulfonate ion-transparent membrane to achieve conductivity.

[0100] The positive electrode can be made of 82% MnO2-Ag, 10% conductive carbon black, and 8% N-methylpyrrolidone by mass. The 82% MnO2-Ag and 10% conductive carbon black are mixed in a specific ratio and ground and stirred at 60°C for 20 minutes to ensure thorough mixing. Then, the 8% N-methylpyrrolidone is added and ultrasonically vibrated for 30 minutes to form a paste-like active material. The ultrasonic frequency is 30–40 kHz. The paste-like active material is evenly coated on both sides of a carbon cloth to a thickness of approximately 0.5 mm, compacted, and dried at 100°C. The positive and negative electrodes are inserted into the electrode positions inside the iron-ion battery casing. The perfluorobutyl sulfonate ion-exchange semi-permeable membrane is inserted in the middle of the iron-ion battery casing, and then the electrolyte solution is poured in. A conductive wire is then led out. The iron-ion battery voltage is 1.2V, and the discharge efficiency is 93%.

[0101] Please see Figure 3 The andalusite thermal storage system includes at least two components: an induction coil 21, a graphite cylinder 22, an andalusite composite ball 23, a circulation pump 24, and a heat exchanger 25.

[0102] The induction coil 21 is connected to the renewable energy power generation system 1, and the induction coil 21 is used to generate heat.

[0103] In one example, the induction coil 21 can specifically be an electromagnetic heating coil, which is formed by winding a hollow copper tube. Cooling water is circulated inside the copper tube for cooling, and an insulation layer is provided on the outer wall of the electromagnetic heating coil. After the electromagnetic heating coil is connected to the renewable energy power generation system 1, it converts electrical energy into heat energy.

[0104] The graphite cylinder 22 is connected to the induction coil 21. The graphite cylinder 22 and the induction coil 21 generate heat through electromagnetic induction and conduct heat.

[0105] In one example, the graphite tube 22 is used to conduct the heat generated by the induction coil 21. The heat resistance of the graphite tube 22 is 3652℃~3697℃ under vacuum conditions.

[0106] Andalusite composite sphere 23 is used to store heat and heat water to produce steam.

[0107] In one example, the mass percentages of the components in the andalusite composite spheres 23 are as follows: andalusite 55-65%, talc 13-25%, quartz 5-15%, and potassium feldspar 5-15%, with each ore having a purity of 98%. The above ores are dry-milled for 1 hour, with an ore-to-dry-ball ratio of 1:2. The dry-milled ore powder is then sieved through a 250-mesh sieve, granulated, and aged for 24-48 hours. Andalusite composite spheres 23 are then semi-dry-pressed using an NYL-500 press at pressures of 40-55 kN. The andalusite composite spheres 23 have a diameter of 4 cm and require sintering at 1400-1600℃ for 2 hours. The andalusite composite spheres 23 have a thermal conductivity of 9.08 W / mK, a specific heat capacity of 0.79 KJ / (kg·℃), and a thermal conductivity of 0.04 cm / s.

[0108] The circulating pump 24 is used to extract water vapor.

[0109] The heat exchanger 25 is connected to the steam turbine generator set 3. The heat exchanger 25 is used for heat exchange of water vapor to generate high-temperature water vapor.

[0110] In one example, the andalusite composite sphere 23 is equipped with a grid-like steam pipe, to which two stainless steel pipes are connected respectively to a circulating pump 24 and a heat exchanger 25, forming a high-temperature steam circulation loop. The steam temperature in the loop decreases from 600°C to 80°C, continuously carrying away heat from the andalusite composite sphere 23. Two more stainless steel pipes are then led out from the heat exchanger 25, one connected to a heat load for heating, and the other connected to a steam turbine generator set 3 for power generation.

[0111] The andalusite thermal storage system includes 2, and also includes: insulation layer 26 and shell 27.

[0112] The insulation layer 26 is used to insulate the andalusite composite sphere 23.

[0113] The housing 27 is used to house the insulation layer 26, the induction coil 21, the graphite cylinder 22, and the andalusite composite sphere 23.

[0114] In one example, the housing 27 can specifically be a steel outer shell. The insulation layer 26 can specifically be insulating bricks and refractory bricks.

[0115] The renewable energy power generation system 1 includes a wind power generation system and / or a photovoltaic power generation system.

[0116] In one example, the renewable energy power generation system 1 includes at least one of the wind power generation system and the photovoltaic power generation system, and may also include the tidal power generation system, the geothermal power generation system, and the hydropower generation system.

[0117] The iron-air battery energy storage system also includes at least: a detection module and a control module.

[0118] The detection module is connected to the iron-ion battery and is used to detect the voltage of the iron-ion battery.

[0119] In one example, the detection module includes a voltage detection submodule, a current detection submodule, and a temperature detection submodule.

[0120] The voltage detection submodule detects the overall voltage of the iron-air battery energy storage system and the voltage of the iron-ion battery. There are two methods for detecting the overall voltage of the iron-air battery energy storage system: (1) using a Hall voltage sensor; (2) using a resistor voltage divider circuit. Using a Hall voltage sensor is expensive and requires a specific power supply, making the process more complex. Therefore, a resistor voltage divider circuit is used to detect the voltage.

[0121] The control module is connected to both the detection module and the iron-ion battery. The control module is used to control the iron-ion battery to start or stop storing electricity based on the voltage.

[0122] In one example, the control module can specifically be an MCU submodule or a GH05-V2S05-R submodule.

[0123] For example, the MCU submodule is the GZ16 model of the M68HC08 series microcontroller. All MCU submodules in the M68HC08 series use the enhanced M68HC08 central processing unit (CP08). This microcontroller has the following features: (1) 8MHz internal bus frequency; (2) 16KB built-in FLASH memory; (3) two 16-bit timer interface units; (4) a clock generator that supports crystal oscillators from 1MHz to 8MHz; and (5) an enhanced serial communication interface (ESCI) unit.

[0124] Please see Figure 4 This invention also provides a method for producing hydrogen from paste-like magnesium hydride based on renewable energy, comprising:

[0125] Step 1: Obtain electricity generated from renewable energy sources.

[0126] Step 1 can be specifically executed by the aforementioned renewable energy power generation system 1. For details, please refer to the introduction of the aforementioned renewable energy power generation system 1, which will not be repeated here.

[0127] Step 2: Heat water with electricity to produce high-temperature steam; store heat and produce high-temperature steam when the power fluctuates.

[0128] Step 2 can be performed by the aforementioned andalusite thermal storage system 2. For details, please refer to the introduction of the aforementioned andalusite thermal storage system 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0129] Step 3: Generate new electrical energy from high-temperature water vapor.

[0130] Step 3 can be specifically executed by the aforementioned steam turbine generator set 3. For details, please refer to the aforementioned introduction of steam turbine generator set 3, which will not be repeated here.

[0131] Step 4: Electrolyze water using the new electrical energy to produce hydrogen.

[0132] Step 4 can be performed by the aforementioned water electrolysis system 4. For details, please refer to the description of the aforementioned water electrolysis system 4, which will not be repeated here.

[0133] Step 5: Use the new electrical energy to heat magnesium hydroxide to produce magnesium oxide.

[0134] Step 5 can be performed by the aforementioned heating unit 5. For details, please refer to the description of the aforementioned heating unit 5, which will not be repeated here.

[0135] Step 6: Reduce magnesium oxide to generate magnesium vapor.

[0136] Step 6 can be performed by the aforementioned reduction furnace 6. For details, please refer to the description of the aforementioned reduction furnace 6, which will not be repeated here.

[0137] Step 7: Magnesium vapor reacts with hydrogen to produce magnesium hydride powder.

[0138] Step 7 can be performed by the aforementioned high-pressure reactor 7. For details, please refer to the description of the aforementioned high-pressure reactor 7, which will not be repeated here.

[0139] Step 8: Mix magnesium hydride powder with ester compounds and metal salts to form a paste-like magnesium hydride.

[0140] Step 8 can be performed by the aforementioned high-pressure reactor 7. For details, please refer to the description of the aforementioned high-pressure reactor 7, which will not be repeated here.

[0141] Step 9: The paste-like magnesium hydride is hydrolyzed to produce hydrogen gas and magnesium hydroxide.

[0142] Step 9 can be executed by the aforementioned container, and details can be found in the description of the aforementioned container, which will not be repeated here.

[0143] This invention also claims a computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform operations performed by a control module.

[0144] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0145] For the system disclosed in the embodiments, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiments, the description of 0 is relatively simple, and relevant details can be found in the method section.

[0146] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the embodiments of the present invention. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only for the purpose of helping to understand the methods and core ideas of the embodiments of the present invention; at the same time, for those skilled in the art, based on the ideas of the embodiments of the present invention, specific implementation methods can be easily understood.

[0147] There will be changes in the form and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for producing hydrogen from paste-like magnesium hydride based on renewable energy, characterized in that, include: Renewable energy generation systems are used to generate electricity. The andalusite thermal storage system is connected to the renewable energy power generation system and is used to heat water to generate high-temperature steam using the electrical energy; the andalusite thermal storage system is also used to store heat and generate the high-temperature steam when the electrical energy fluctuates. A steam turbine generator set is connected to the andalusite thermal storage system to generate new electrical energy using the high-temperature steam. An electrolysis water system, connected to the steam turbine generator set, is used to produce hydrogen by electrolyzing water using the new electrical energy. A heating unit, connected to the steam turbine generator set, is used to heat magnesium hydroxide to generate magnesium oxide. A reduction furnace, connected to the heating unit, is used to reduce the magnesium oxide to generate magnesium vapor; A high-pressure reactor is connected to the reduction furnace and the water electrolysis system, respectively, for the magnesium vapor to react with the hydrogen to generate magnesium hydride powder; the magnesium hydride powder is mixed and stirred with ester compounds and metal salts to form a paste-like magnesium hydride; the paste-like magnesium hydride is hydrolyzed to produce hydrogen and magnesium hydroxide; The ester compounds specifically include: ethyl acetate, phenyl acetate, methyl acetate, or butyl acetate; The metal salts are specifically zinc chloride, magnesium chloride, ferric chloride, potassium chloride, or sodium chloride.

2. The system for producing hydrogen from paste-like magnesium hydride based on renewable energy according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A vacuum unit is connected to the reduction furnace and the high-pressure reactor respectively, and is used to extract gas to make the inside of the reduction furnace and the high-pressure reactor a vacuum state; A cooling unit is connected to both the reduction furnace and the high-pressure reactor to reduce their temperatures.

3. The system for producing hydrogen from paste-like magnesium hydride based on renewable energy according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes iron-air battery energy storage systems; The iron-air battery energy storage system includes multiple iron-ion batteries connected in series; each iron-ion battery includes a positive electrode, an electrolyte, and a negative electrode.

4. The system for producing hydrogen from paste-like magnesium hydride based on renewable energy according to claim 3, characterized in that, The positive electrode comprises a conductive agent, a binder, a semi-crystalline block polymer, and MnO2-Ag; the electrolyte comprises sodium chloride and ferric chloride; and the negative electrode is an iron plate.

5. The system for producing hydrogen from paste-like magnesium hydride based on renewable energy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The andalusite thermal storage system includes: An induction coil, connected to the renewable energy power generation system, is used to generate heat; A graphite cylinder, connected to the induction coil, is used to generate heat through electromagnetic induction with the induction coil and to conduct the heat. Andalusite composite spheres are used to store heat and heat water to produce steam. A circulating pump is used to extract the water vapor; A heat exchanger, connected to the steam turbine generator set, is used for heat exchange of water vapor to generate high-temperature water vapor.

6. The system for producing hydrogen from paste-like magnesium hydride based on renewable energy according to claim 5, characterized in that, The andalusite thermal storage system also includes: The insulation layer is used to insulate the andalusite composite sphere. A housing for accommodating the insulation layer, the induction coil, the graphite cylinder, and the andalusite composite sphere.

7. The system for producing hydrogen from paste-like magnesium hydride based on renewable energy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The renewable energy power generation system includes wind power generation systems and / or photovoltaic power generation systems.

8. The system for producing hydrogen from paste-like magnesium hydride based on renewable energy according to claim 3, characterized in that, The iron-air battery energy storage system also includes: A detection module, connected to the iron-ion battery, is used to detect the voltage of the iron-ion battery; The control module is connected to both the detection module and the iron-ion battery, and is used to control the iron-ion battery to start or stop storing electricity based on the voltage.

9. A method for producing hydrogen from paste-like magnesium hydride based on renewable energy, comprising the system for producing hydrogen from paste-like magnesium hydride based on renewable energy as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, include: Obtain electricity generated from renewable energy sources; The electrical energy is used to heat water to generate high-temperature steam; heat is stored and the high-temperature steam is generated when the electrical energy fluctuates. The high-temperature water vapor will generate new electrical energy; The new electrical energy is used to electrolyze water to produce hydrogen. The new electrical energy is used to heat magnesium hydroxide to generate magnesium oxide. The magnesium oxide is reduced to generate magnesium vapor; The magnesium vapor reacts with the hydrogen to produce magnesium hydride powder; The magnesium hydride powder is mixed and stirred with ester compounds and metal salts to form a paste-like magnesium hydride. The paste-like magnesium hydride hydrolyzes to produce hydrogen gas and magnesium hydroxide.

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