A hydraulic system, a control method and a hoisting device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a hydraulic system, a control method and a hoisting device, which solve the technical problems of the hoisting device in the prior art that it is difficult to control, has low stability and has potential safety hazards. The hydraulic system is applied to a hoisting device including a first winch and a second winch. The hydraulic system includes a hydraulic pump, a first hydraulic motor, a second hydraulic motor, a parking module, a first one-way valve and a first overflow valve in parallel, and a second one-way valve and a second overflow valve in parallel. The first hydraulic motor and the second hydraulic motor are used to drive the first winch and the second winch respectively; the cable can always be kept in a tensioned state when the rope is released and the rope is collected, and the second winch can rotate earlier than the first winch when the rope is collected, and the second winch stops later than the first winch when the rope is collected; at the same time, the first winch releases the rope earlier than the second winch when the rope is released, and the second winch stops earlier than the first winch when the rope is released.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hoisting equipment, and in particular to a hydraulic system, a control method and a hoisting equipment. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, the hoisting equipment, also known as the winch, is a mechanical device that realizes the retraction and release of the cable through a hydraulic system. However, on the one hand, due to the continuous retraction of the cable, the diameter of the cable wrapped around the winch will continue to increase, and the speed of the cable will increase, and the towed cargo will generate an acceleration, which is not conducive to the safety of the operation. On the other hand, in the process of collecting or releasing the rope, the rope, such as the cable, is easy to cross, knot, and even slip, which is not conducive to the smooth collection and release of the rope.

[0003] In summary, the use of the hoisting equipment in the prior art has technical problems such as being difficult to control and having low stability, and also has potential safety hazards. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a hydraulic system, a control method and a hoisting device, which can control the rope between the hoisting device and the cargo to be retracted and released at a constant speed under stable working conditions.

[0005] The solution to achieve the technical purpose of the present invention is a hydraulic system, which is applied to a hoisting device including a first winch and a second winch, wherein the first winch is used to retract and release the cable, and the second winch is used to store the cable, and the cable is successively wound around the second winch and the second winch in the direction of the cable out;

[0006] The hydraulic system comprises a hydraulic pump, a first hydraulic motor, a second hydraulic motor, a parking module, a first one-way valve and a first overflow valve connected in parallel, and a second one-way valve and a second overflow valve connected in parallel, wherein the first hydraulic motor and the second hydraulic motor are used to drive the first winch and the second winch respectively;

[0007] The A port of the driving pump is connected to the oil inlet of the first one-way valve, the oil inlet of the second one-way valve, the oil outlet of the first relief valve and the oil outlet of the second relief valve, and the B port of the driving pump is connected to the B port of the first hydraulic motor and the B port of the second hydraulic motor; the A port of the first hydraulic motor is connected to the oil outlet of the first one-way valve, and the A port of the second hydraulic motor is connected to the oil outlet of the second one-way valve; the set pressure of the first relief valve is less than the set pressure of the second relief valve;

[0008] The parking module includes a first two-position three-way reversing valve, a pressure reducing valve, a shuttle valve and a spring cylinder acting on a first winch or a second winch driven by the first hydraulic motor, the two oil inlets of the shuttle valve are respectively connected to the A port and the B port of the driving pump, the oil outlet of the shuttle valve is connected to the oil inlet of the first two-position three-way reversing valve, the oil return port of the first two-position three-way reversing valve is connected to the oil tank, and the oil outlet of the first two-position three-way reversing valve is connected to the rod chamber of the spring cylinder.

[0009] In some embodiments, the hydraulic system further comprises:

[0010] The shift module includes a shift cylinder, two third one-way valves and a second two-position three-way reversing valve, wherein the oil inlets of the two third one-way valves are respectively connected to the A port and the B port of the first hydraulic motor or the A port and the B port of the second hydraulic motor, and the oil outlets of the two third one-way valves are both connected to the oil inlet of the second two-position three-way reversing valve; one cavity of the shift cylinder is connected to the oil tank, and the other cavity is connected to the oil outlet of the second two-position three-way reversing valve; and the oil return port of the second two-position three-way reversing valve is connected to the oil tank.

[0011] In some embodiments, the parking module also includes a pressure reducing valve; the oil inlet of the pressure reducing valve is connected to the oil outlet of the shuttle valve, the oil outlet of the pressure reducing valve is connected to the oil inlet of the first two-position three-way reversing valve, and the shuttle valve and the first two-position three-way reversing valve are connected through the pressure reducing valve.

[0012] In some embodiments, the hydraulic system further comprises a safety valve, the oil inlet of the safety valve is connected to the port A of the driving pump, and the oil outlet of the safety valve is connected to the port B of the driving pump;

[0013] The setting pressure of the safety valve is greater than the setting pressure of the second relief valve.

[0014] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a control method for the above hydraulic system, the control method comprising:

[0015] When the first hydraulic motor drives the first winch, the driving pump is controlled to inlet oil to the A port and return oil to the B port when the rope is collected, and the driving pump is controlled to inlet oil to the B port and return oil to the A port when the rope is released; and when the rope is collected and released, the first two-position three-way reversing valve is controlled to be energized, and the hydraulic oil enters the spring oil cylinder through the oil inlet and oil outlet of the first two-position three-way reversing valve and overcomes the action of the spring to release the parking;

[0016] When the first hydraulic motor drives the second winch, the driving pump is controlled to inlet oil to port B and return oil to port A when the rope is collected, and the driving pump is controlled to inlet oil to port A and return oil to port B when the rope is released; and when the rope is collected and released, the first two-position three-way reversing valve is controlled to be energized, and the hydraulic oil enters the spring cylinder through the oil inlet and oil outlet of the first two-position three-way reversing valve and overcomes the action of the spring to release the parking.

[0017] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a hoisting device, the hoisting device comprising:

[0018] The above-mentioned hydraulic system is used to control the actions of the first hydraulic motor, the second hydraulic motor and the spring cylinder;

[0019] The first winch is used for actively collecting and releasing the rope;

[0020] a second winch, for storing the cable wound around the first winch and retracted by the first winch;

[0021] A brake, controlled by the spring cylinder;

[0022] Wherein: along the rope-releasing direction, the first winch is arranged behind the second winch; the first winch and the second winch are driven by the first hydraulic motor and the second hydraulic motor respectively, and the brake is arranged on the first winch / the second winch driven by the first hydraulic motor; under the control of the hydraulic system, when collecting the rope, the second winch tends to move first relative to the first winch; when releasing the rope, the first winch tends to move first relative to the second winch, so that the cable between the second winch and the first winch remains in a tensioned state.

[0023] In some embodiments, the hoisting device further comprises a single-layer cable wound around the first winch and storing the cable wound around the second winch, and the number of turns of the cable wound around the first winch is at least one.

[0024] In some embodiments, the first winch includes a driven drum arranged at intervals and a driving drum driven by the first hydraulic motor; the cable output from the second winch is wound multiple times in the form of a single turn from the driven drum to the driving drum and then back to the driven drum, and is arranged in a single layer on the driving drum and the driven drum.

[0025] In some embodiments, the outer diameters of the driving drum and the driven drum are the same; the hoisting device also includes a guide wheel arranged between the two drums, and along the radial direction of the driving drum, the guide wheel is located on the outside of the cable wound around the driving drum, and is used to assist in tensioning and guiding the cable.

[0026] In some embodiments, the cable is unloaded in an upward direction on the first winch, and the cable unload angle is ±8° relative to the horizontal plane.

[0027] It can be seen from the above technical scheme that a hydraulic system provided by the present invention is applied to a hoisting device including a first winch and a second winch, wherein the first winch is used for retracting and releasing the cable, and the second winch is used for storing the cable. Along the direction of the cable output, the cable is successively wound around the second winch and the second winch. The hydraulic system includes a hydraulic pump, a first hydraulic motor, a second hydraulic motor, a parking module, a first one-way valve and a first overflow valve in parallel, and a second one-way valve and a second overflow valve in parallel. The first hydraulic motor and the second hydraulic motor are used to drive the first winch and the second winch respectively. The hydraulic system reasonably controls the action sequence and coordination of the first winch and the second winch, and can ensure that the cable wound between the two winches is always in a tightened state. When the cables are always in a tightened state, the rotation of the first winch and the second winch are mutually restrained and affected, and the retracting and releasing rope speed of the winch with slower rotation can be automatically adjusted to match, thereby ensuring the smoothness of the retracting and releasing rope process, avoiding the occurrence of misalignment, cross knotting, etc., and ensuring the safety of the operation to a certain extent. Specifically:

[0028] The A port of the driving pump is connected to the oil inlet of the first one-way valve, the oil inlet of the second one-way valve, the oil outlet of the first overflow valve and the oil outlet of the second overflow valve, and the B port of the driving pump is connected to the B port of the first hydraulic motor and the B port of the second hydraulic motor; the A port of the first hydraulic motor is connected to the oil outlet of the first one-way valve, and the A port of the second hydraulic motor is connected to the oil outlet of the second one-way valve; the set pressure of the first overflow valve is smaller than the set pressure of the second overflow valve, so that when the return oil of the hydraulic circuit passes through the first overflow valve / the second overflow valve, the first hydraulic motor will have a tendency to move relative to the second hydraulic motor, but under the mutual restraint between the first hydraulic motor and the second hydraulic motor, the two winches still cannot rotate, thereby tightening the cable between the two winches.

[0029] The parking module includes a first two-position three-way reversing valve, a pressure reducing valve, a shuttle valve, and a spring oil cylinder acting on the first winch or the second winch driven by the first hydraulic motor, that is, the corresponding relationship between the hydraulic motor and the winch is not limited here. The two oil inlets of the shuttle valve are respectively connected to the A port and the B port of the driving pump, and the oil outlet of the shuttle valve is connected to the oil inlet of the first two-position three-way reversing valve. The oil return port of the first two-position three-way reversing valve is connected to the oil tank, and the oil outlet of the first two-position three-way reversing valve is connected to the rod chamber of the spring oil cylinder. Under the working conditions of the two hydraulic motors in forward and reverse rotation, the shuttle valve can pass the oil inlet of the A port or the B port of the driving pump to the first two-position three-way reversing valve. When the first two-position three-way reversing valve loses power, the first two-position three-way reversing valve is in a cut-off state. Under the internal elastic force of the spring oil cylinder, the spring oil cylinder will always act on the first winch or the second winch corresponding to the first hydraulic motor to ensure parking. When the first two-position three-way reversing valve is energized, the hydraulic oil enters the spring oil cylinder through the oil inlet and the oil outlet of the first two-position three-way reversing valve and overcomes the action force of the spring to release the parking brake.

[0030] Through analysis, it can be known that after the hydraulic oil forms a circuit through the first one-way valve and the second one-way valve, the first hydraulic motor and the second hydraulic motor both have a tendency to move, but under the action of the parking module, it takes a certain amount of time to release the parking. In the parking state, the first hydraulic motor and the second hydraulic motor both remain stationary, and due to the braking force of the spring cylinder of the parking module, the first hydraulic motor and the second hydraulic motor have a tendency to move successively. Under the two circuit states of oil inlet from port A and port B of the driving pump, the relative movement trend between the first hydraulic motor and the second hydraulic motor is opposite, and when the rope is stopped and the rope is stopped, the hydraulic circuits of the first hydraulic motor and the second hydraulic motor can be cut off and stopped successively by the first overflow valve and the second overflow valve in the corresponding connection circuit, or the hydraulic circuits of the first hydraulic motor and the second hydraulic motor can be cut off and stopped successively by the parking module in the connection circuit. Therefore, the driving relationship can be designed accordingly, so that the cable can always be kept in a tensioned state when the cable is released and collected, and the second winch can rotate before the first winch when the cable is collected, and the second winch stops after the first winch when the cable is collected; at the same time, the first winch releases the cable before the second winch when the cable is released, and the second winch stops before the first winch when the cable is released, thereby avoiding the problem that the cable is easily crossed, easily knotted, or even slipped during the process of collecting and releasing the cable, which is conducive to stable operation. At the same time, since the cable is successively wound around the second winch and the second winch, the speed of collecting and releasing the cable is determined by the first hydraulic motor and the second hydraulic motor. Under the action of the tensioned cable, the traction speed of the cable will be adaptively adjusted, which is relatively conducive to the safety of the operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1A schematic diagram of a hydraulic system provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 A front view of a hoisting device provided in Example 3 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Side view of the hoisting equipment in the.

[0034] Description of reference numerals: 100-hydraulic system, 10-hydraulic pump, 11-first hydraulic motor, 12-second hydraulic motor, 13-first one-way valve, 14-first overflow valve, 15-second one-way valve, 16-second overflow valve, 17-first two-position three-way reversing valve, 18-pressure reducing valve, 19-shuttle valve, 20-spring oil cylinder; 21-shift oil cylinder, 22-third one-way valve, 23-second two-position three-way reversing valve, 24-safety valve, 25-oil tank;

[0035] 200- winch equipment, 210- first winch, 211- driving drum, 212- driven drum, 220- second winch, 230- brake, 240- cable, 250- fixed pulley, 260- protective cover, 270- frame, 280- guide wheel, 290- rope presser. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to enable technicians in the technical field to which the present application belongs to understand the present application more clearly, the technical solution of the present application is described in detail below through specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0037] In order to solve the technical problems of the prior art that the use of hoisting equipment is difficult to control and has low stability, and there are also technical problems of potential safety hazards, the present invention provides a hydraulic system, a control method and a hoisting equipment, which can control the rope between the hoisting equipment and the cargo to be retracted and released at a constant speed under stable working conditions. The content of the present invention is described in detail through three specific embodiments:

[0038] Example 1

[0039] like Figure 1As shown, a hydraulic system 100 provided in this embodiment is applied to a hoisting device 200 including a first winch 210 and a second winch 220. The first winch 210 is used to retract and release a cable 240, and the second winch 220 is used to store the cable 240. Along the direction of the cable out, the cable 240 is successively wound around the second winch 220 and the second winch 220. The hydraulic system 100 includes a hydraulic pump 10, a first hydraulic motor 11, a second hydraulic motor 12, a parking module, a first check valve 13 and a first overflow valve 14 in parallel, and a second check valve 15 and a second overflow valve 16 in parallel. The first hydraulic motor 11 and the second hydraulic motor 12 are used to drive the first winch 210 and the second winch 220, respectively. If the action sequence and coordination of the first winch 210 and the second winch 220 are not controlled by the hydraulic system 100, the rope between the two winches will be easily loosened, which will lead to technical problems such as rope misalignment and slippage. This embodiment uses the hydraulic system 100 to reasonably control the action sequence and coordination of the first winch 210 and the second winch 220, which can ensure that the cable 240 wound between the two winches is always in a taut state. When the cable 240 is always in a taut state, the rotation of the first winch 210 and the second winch 220 are mutually restrained and affected, and the rope retracting and releasing speed of the winch with slower rotation can be automatically adjusted to match, thereby ensuring the smoothness of the rope retracting and releasing process, avoiding the occurrence of misalignment, cross knotting, etc., and ensuring the safety of the operation to a certain extent. Specifically:

[0040] The A port of the driving pump is connected to the oil inlet of the first one-way valve 13, the oil inlet of the second one-way valve 15, the oil outlet of the first overflow valve 14 and the oil outlet of the second overflow valve 16, and the B port of the driving pump is connected to the B port of the first hydraulic motor 11 and the B port of the second hydraulic motor 12; the A port of the first hydraulic motor 11 is connected to the oil outlet of the first one-way valve 13, and the A port of the second hydraulic motor 12 is connected to the oil outlet of the second one-way valve 15; the set pressure of the first overflow valve 14 is less than the set pressure of the second overflow valve 16, so that when the return oil of the hydraulic circuit passes through the first overflow valve 14 / the second overflow valve 16, the first hydraulic motor 11 will have a tendency to move relative to the second hydraulic motor 12, but under the mutual restraint between the first hydraulic motor 11 and the second hydraulic motor 12, the two winches still cannot rotate, thereby tightening the cable 240 between the two winches.

[0041] The parking module includes a first two-position three-way reversing valve 17, a pressure reducing valve 18, a shuttle valve 19, and a spring oil cylinder 20 acting on a first winch 210 or a second winch 220 driven by a first hydraulic motor 11, that is, the correspondence between the hydraulic motor and the winch is not limited here. The two oil inlets of the shuttle valve 19 are respectively connected to the A port and the B port of the driving pump, and the oil outlet of the shuttle valve 19 is connected to the oil inlet of the first two-position three-way reversing valve 17. The oil return port of the first two-position three-way reversing valve 17 is connected to the oil tank 25, and the oil outlet of the first two-position three-way reversing valve 17 is connected to the rod chamber of the spring oil cylinder 20. Under the working conditions of the two hydraulic motors in forward and reverse rotation, the shuttle valve 19 can pass the oil inlet of the A port or the B port of the driving pump to the first two-position three-way reversing valve 17. When the first two-position three-way reversing valve 17 loses power, the first two-position three-way reversing valve 17 is in a cut-off state. Under the internal elastic force of the spring oil cylinder 20, the spring oil cylinder 20 will always act on the first winch 210 or the second winch 220 corresponding to the first hydraulic motor 11 to ensure parking. When the first two-position three-way reversing valve is energized, the hydraulic oil enters the spring oil cylinder 20 through the oil inlet and oil outlet of the first two-position three-way reversing valve 17 and overcomes the action of the spring to release parking.

[0042] Through analysis, it can be known that after the hydraulic oil forms a circuit through the first one-way valve 13 and the second one-way valve 15, the first hydraulic motor 11 and the second hydraulic motor 12 both have a tendency to move, but under the action of the parking module, it takes a certain amount of time to release the parking. In the parking state, the first hydraulic motor 11 and the second hydraulic motor 12 both remain stationary, and due to the braking force of the spring oil cylinder 20 of the parking module, the first hydraulic motor 11 and the second hydraulic motor 12 have a tendency to move successively. In the two circuit states of the driving pump A port and B port, the relative movement trend between the first hydraulic motor 11 and the second hydraulic motor 12 is opposite, and when the rope is stopped and the rope is stopped, the hydraulic circuits of the first hydraulic motor 11 and the second hydraulic motor 12 can be cut off and stopped successively by the first overflow valve 14 and the second overflow valve 16 in the corresponding connection circuit, or the hydraulic circuits of the first hydraulic motor 11 and the second hydraulic motor 12 can be cut off and stopped successively by the parking module in the connection circuit. Therefore, the driving relationship can be designed accordingly, so that the cable 240 can always be kept in a tensioned state when the rope is released and collected, and the second winch 220 can rotate before the first winch 210 when the rope is collected, and the second winch 220 stops after the first winch 210 when the rope is collected; at the same time, the first winch 210 releases the rope before the second winch 220 when the rope is released, and the second winch 220 stops before the first winch 210 when the rope is released, thereby avoiding the problem that the cable 240 is easily crossed, easily knotted, or even slipped during the process of collecting and releasing the rope, which is conducive to stable operation. At the same time, since the cable 240 is successively wound around the second winch 220 and the second winch 220, the speed of collecting and releasing the rope is determined by the first hydraulic motor 11 and the second hydraulic motor 12. Under the action of the tensioned cable 240, the traction speed of the cable 240 will be adaptively adjusted, which is relatively conducive to the safety of the operation.

[0043] In the prior art, when the cable 240 is generally wound around the winch for multiple turns and then retracted, the diameter of the cable 240 wound around the winch will also change, and then the traction speed of the cable 240 will change when the winch speed is fixed. In some embodiments, in order to match the use requirements of different working conditions of the hydraulic winch, such as the working conditions of the retracted and unloaded rope and the retracted and unloaded rope, so that the displacement of the hydraulic motor for speed regulation in the hydraulic system 100 can be changed, the hydraulic system 100 also includes a shift module for adjusting the displacement of the first hydraulic motor 11. The shift module includes a shift oil cylinder 21, two third one-way valves 22 and a second two-position three-way reversing valve 23. The oil inlets of the two third one-way valves 22 are respectively connected to the A port and the B port of the first hydraulic motor 11 or the A port and the B port of the second hydraulic motor 12. The oil outlets of the two third one-way valves 22 are both connected to the oil inlet of the second two-position three-way reversing valve 23 to simultaneously meet the shifting requirements during forward and reverse rotation (rope collection and rope release) so as to adjust the speed according to the requirements. One cavity of the shift oil cylinder 21 is connected to the oil tank 25, and the other cavity is connected to the oil outlet of the second two-position three-way reversing valve 23; the oil return port of the second two-position three-way reversing valve 23 is connected to the oil tank 25. When the second two-position three-way reversing valve 23 is energized, the A port or the B port for oil inlet of the first hydraulic motor 11 / the second hydraulic motor 12 is connected to the circuit of the shift oil cylinder 21 through the correspondingly connected third one-way valve 22.

[0044] Since the spring force in the spring cylinder 20 is generally small, in order to ensure that there is a more obvious relative movement trend between the two winches to ensure that the cable 240 is tightened and straightened, in this embodiment, the parking module also includes a pressure reducing valve 18; the oil inlet of the pressure reducing valve 18 is connected to the oil outlet of the shuttle valve 19, and the oil outlet of the pressure reducing valve 18 is connected to the oil inlet of the first two-position three-way reversing valve 17. The shuttle valve 19 and the first two-position three-way reversing valve 17 are connected through the pressure reducing valve 18 to reduce the pressure to extend the oil filling time of the spring cylinder 20 and the time required for the parking module to release the parking.

[0045] In order to ensure the stability of the hydraulic system 100, the hydraulic system 100 further includes a safety valve 24, the oil inlet of the safety valve 24 is connected to the A port of the driving pump, and the oil outlet of the safety valve 24 is connected to the B port of the driving pump; the set pressure of the safety valve 24 is greater than the set pressure of the second relief valve 16, and when the pressure of the A port in the circuit reaches the set pressure of the safety valve 24, the safety valve 24 starts to work, realizing safe pressure stabilization, and preventing the overload of cargo from damaging the hoisting device 200. As an embodiment, the safety valve 24 is a relief valve.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] Based on the same inventive concept, this embodiment provides a control method for implementing the hydraulic system 100 provided in Example 1, so as to achieve stable control and keep the cable 240 of the hoisting device 200 in a tensioned state at all times. Since the spring cylinder 20 of the parking module does not limit the object of action, the spring cylinder 20 of the hydraulic system 100 provided in Example 1 can act on the first winch 210 or the second winch 220, but in any case, the spring cylinder 20 and the first drive motor act on the same winch. When the spring cylinder 20 acts on different objects, in order to achieve the same technical effect, it is necessary to set the hydraulic circuit corresponding to the function that can be realized. Since the first winch 210 and the second winch 220 have opposite functions, the hydraulic circuits in the two application cases are also opposite.

[0048] In this embodiment, when the first hydraulic motor 11 drives the first winch 210, that is, the spring cylinder 20 acts on the first winch 210 to brake the first winch 210, the control method includes:

[0049] When the rope is collected or released, the first two-position three-way reversing valve 17 is energized, and the hydraulic oil enters the spring oil cylinder 20 through the oil inlet and oil outlet of the first two-position three-way reversing valve 17 and overcomes the force of the spring to release the parking. When the operation needs to be stopped, the first two-position three-way reversing valve 17 is de-energized, and the hydraulic oil returns to the oil tank 25 through the oil return port of the first two-position three-way reversing valve 17. As the internal pressure of the spring oil cylinder 20 changes, the spring is reset, and parking can be achieved to stop collecting or releasing the rope.

[0050] When the rope is reeled in, the oil inlet of port A and the oil return of port B of the driving pump are controlled. At this time, for the first winch 210, the hydraulic oil is discharged through port A, enters the first non-return valve 13, enters the first hydraulic motor 11, and is connected to the port B of the driving pump to form a loop; for the second winch 220, the hydraulic oil enters the second non-return valve 15, the second non-return valve 15 is connected to the oil inlet of the second hydraulic motor 12, and the oil outlet of the second hydraulic motor 12 is connected to the port B of the driving pump to form a loop. Under the braking action of the spring cylinder 20, the second winch 220 tends to reel in the rope earlier than the first winch 210, so that the cable 240 between the first winch 210 and the second winch 220 will not be tangled. When the rope retracting stops, the spring cylinder 20 returns oil and the pressure drops to below the parking brake release pressure. The spring cylinder 20 acts on the first winch 210 and applies the parking brake. The first hydraulic motor 11 stops moving immediately, and the second hydraulic motor 12 stops moving due to inertia under the action of the first hydraulic motor 11 and the cable 240. The second winch 220 stops after the first winch 210 to ensure that the cable 240 is in a taut state.

[0051] When releasing the rope, the driving pump is controlled to enter oil from port B and return oil from port A. At this time, for the first winch 210, the hydraulic oil is discharged from port B, enters the first hydraulic motor 11, enters the first relief valve 14, and is connected to port A of the driving pump to form a circuit; for the second winch 220, the hydraulic oil enters the second hydraulic motor 12, the second relief valve 16 from port B of the driving pump, and flows back to port A of the driving pump. Under the action of the first relief valve 14 and the second relief valve 16, the two circuits are connected successively. When the oil is introduced, the first winch 210 releases the rope before the second winch 220, so that the rope 240 in the first winch 210 and the second winch 220 will not be tangled. When the rope release stops, the hydraulic circuit pressure component is reduced, and the second relief valve 16 with a higher set pressure first cuts off the circuit of the second hydraulic motor 12, and the second winch 220 stops first, and then the circuit of the first hydraulic motor 11 is cut off by the first relief valve 14, and finally the parking brake of the spring cylinder 20 takes effect and is completely locked.

[0052] Similarly, when the first hydraulic motor 11 drives the second winch 220, the control method includes: controlling the oil intake at port B and the oil return at port A of the driving pump when the rope is collected, and controlling the oil intake at port A and the oil return at port B of the driving pump when the rope is released; and when collecting and releasing the rope, the first two-position three-way reversing valve 17 is controlled to be energized, and the hydraulic oil enters the spring cylinder 20 through the oil inlet and oil outlet of the first two-position three-way reversing valve 17 and overcomes the action of the spring to release the parking brake, which will not be explained in detail here.

[0053] In order to control the gear shifting and realize speed regulation, in this embodiment, the control method also includes, when the speed needs to be increased, controlling the second two-position three-way reversing valve 23 to be energized, the gear shift cylinder 21 to take in oil, the piston starts to move, the corresponding variable motor speed increases, and the cable 240 linear speed increases.

[0054] Example 3

[0055] Based on the same inventive concept, this embodiment provides a hoisting device 200, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, it includes a first winch 210, a second winch 220, a brake 230 and the hydraulic system 100 provided in Example 1, wherein the first winch 210 is used for actively collecting and releasing the rope; the second winch 220 is used for storing the cable 240 wound on the first winch 210 and collected and released by the first winch 210; along the direction of releasing the rope, the first winch 210 is arranged behind the second winch 220, and the cable 240 is successively wound around the second winch 220 and the second winch 220; wherein: the first winch 210 and the second winch 220 are respectively driven by the first hydraulic motor 11 and the second hydraulic motor 12 Drive, the brake 230 is arranged on the first winch 210 / the second winch 220 driven by the first hydraulic motor 11; the brake 230 is controlled by the spring cylinder 20; the hydraulic system 100 controls the actions of the first hydraulic motor 11, the second hydraulic motor 12 and the spring cylinder 20; under the control of the hydraulic system 100, when the rope is collected, the second winch 220 tends to move first relative to the first winch 210; when the rope is released, the first winch 210 tends to move first relative to the second winch 220, so that the cable 240 between the second winch 220 and the first winch 210 remains in a tensioned state. The cable 240 can be kept in a tensioned state at all times when the rope is released and collected, and the second winch 220 can rotate before the first winch 210 when collecting the rope, and the second winch 220 stops after the first winch 210 when collecting the rope; at the same time, the first winch 210 releases the rope before the second winch 220 when releasing the rope, and the second winch 220 stops before the first winch 210 when releasing the rope, thereby avoiding the problem that the cable 240 is easily crossed, easily knotted, or even slipped during the process of collecting and releasing the rope, which is conducive to stable operation. At the same time, since the cable 240 is successively wound around the second winch 220 and the second winch 220, the speed of collecting and releasing the rope is mutually determined by the first hydraulic motor 11 and the second hydraulic motor 12. Under the action of the tensioned cable 240, the traction speed of the cable 240 will be adaptively adjusted, which is relatively conducive to the safety of the operation.

[0056] In the prior art, when the cable 240 is generally wound around the winch for multiple turns and then released and retracted, the diameter of the cable 240 wound around the winch will also change, and then the traction speed of the cable 240 will change when the winch speed is fixed. In particular, when the cable 240 is continuously recovered, the diameter of the cable 240 wound around the winch will also continue to increase. At this time, the traction speed of the cable 240 is getting higher and higher, and the goods being towed will generate an acceleration, which is not conducive to the safety of the operation. In order to achieve a constant linear speed of the cable 240 at various locations when the winch is in stable operation and easy to control, the hoisting device 200 also includes a single-layer cable 240 wound around the first winch 210 and stored around the second winch 220, and the number of turns of the cable 240 wound around the first winch 210 is at least one. Since the cable 240 is wound around the first winch 210 in a single layer, the speed of the cable 240 always matches the first winch 210. Although the cable 240 is wound around the second winch 220 in multiple layers, when the cable 240 is taut, in order to keep the traction speed of the cable 240 the same at all locations, the rotation speed of the second winch 220 is restrained by the first winch 210, so the speed is directly determined by the rotation speed of the first winch 210.

[0057] The hoisting device 200 has four different working conditions under the action of the shift module: the working condition of collecting the rope with load, the first hydraulic motor 11 is of large displacement; the working condition of collecting the rope without load, the first hydraulic motor 11 is of small displacement; the working condition of releasing the rope with load, the first hydraulic motor 11 is of large displacement; the working condition of releasing the rope without load, the first hydraulic motor 11 is of small displacement. Under each working condition, after the first hydraulic motor 11 runs stably, the rope runs at a constant speed during stable operation, the rope speed of the cable 240 on the first winch 210 corresponds to the rope speed on the first winch 210, and the ratio of the linear speed of the cable 240 to the angular speed of the first winch 210 is fixed, which avoids the fluctuation of traction force and speed caused by the change of winding diameter during traction.

[0058] In order to improve the operating stability of the winch and increase the friction during traction operation, as an implementation method, the first winch 210 includes a driven drum 212 arranged at intervals and a driving drum 211 driven by a first hydraulic motor 11; the cable 240 output from the second winch 220 is wound multiple times in the form of a single circle from the driven drum 212 to the driving drum 211 and then back to the driven drum 212, and is arranged in a single layer on both the driving drum 211 and the driven drum 212 to fully provide friction.

[0059] In order to further increase the friction and tension the cable 240 on the first winch 210, in this embodiment, the outer diameters of the active drum 211 and the driven drum 212 are the same; the hoisting device 200 also includes a guide wheel 280 arranged between the two drums. Along the radial direction of the active drum 211, the guide wheel 280 is located on the outside of the cable 240 wound around the active drum 211, and is used to assist in tensioning and guiding the cable 240, ensuring that the trajectory of the cable 240 on the first winch 210 can remain unchanged during operation, thereby further stabilizing the tension.

[0060] In order to prevent the cable 240 from deviating from the position to the flange of the drum or running off the track, as a preferred embodiment, the cable 240 on the first winch 210 is directed upward and the angle of the cable is ±8° relative to the horizontal plane.

[0061] In some embodiments, a rope pressing device may be installed at the rollers of the first winch 210 and the second winch 220 to ensure that the ropes do not become tangled.

[0062] In this embodiment, the hoisting device 200 includes a frame 270, and the first winch 210, the second winch 220, the brake 230 and the hydraulic system 100 provided in Example 1 are all arranged on the frame 270. As an implementation mode, the first winch 210 is fixed on the frame 270, and is equipped with a hydraulically controlled two-speed plunger variable traction motor, a hydraulic multi-disc brake 230, a two-stage planetary gear reducer, a hydraulic clutch, etc., which are used to pull the freight locomotive to climb up the transfer vehicle at a uniform speed along the track, drag the freight locomotive to slide down the transfer vehicle at a uniform speed along the track, and the human rope pulling working condition before traction.

[0063] In order to facilitate the control of the retracting and releasing of the cable 240 , in this embodiment, the first winch 210 and the second winch 220 are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the frame 270 . Preferably, the first winch 210 is arranged below the second winch 220 .

[0064] In order to stabilize the positioning of the cable 240 , in this embodiment, the hoisting device 200 further includes a fixed pulley 250 fixed to the frame 270 and a cable pressing rope 240 for pressing the cable 240 produced by the first winch 210 onto the fixed pulley 250 .

[0065] In order to prevent the occurrence of safety accidents, in this embodiment, the hoisting device 200 also includes a protective cover 260 for protecting the second winch 220, and the outside of the drum of the first winch 210 is covered with a grid to prevent accidents.

[0066] The winch device 200 provided in this embodiment is provided with a fixed pulley 250 on the frame 270 in order to release the rope to pull the goods. The cable 240 is arranged in a single layer on the first winch 210, avoiding the fluctuation of traction force and speed caused by the change of winding diameter during traction; the rope presser 290 prevents the steel wire rope on the drum from winding in a loose state; the fixed pulley 250 changes the action direction of the steel wire rope. Under the action of the first hydraulic motor 11 and the hydraulic control valve, the second winch 220 releases and retracts the rope in an orderly manner according to the needs of the first winch 210, ensuring that the excess cable 240 is always tightly wound on the second winch 220; the first winch 210 automatically sends and releases the rope at the same speed as the freight locomotive, avoiding the impact when the freight locomotive gets on and off the transfer vehicle, and no tangled rope or impact occurs.

[0067] The working principle of the winch device 200 provided in this embodiment is described below by taking the first hydraulic motor 11, the spring oil cylinder 20 of the parking module and the brake 230 all acting on the first winch 210, and the set pressure of the first relief valve 14 is 3.5MPa, the set pressure of the second relief valve 16 is 10MPa, and the set pressure of the safety valve 24 is 25MPa as an example (see Figure 2 and Figure 3 ):

[0068] Rope retraction (oil inlet from port A of the driving pump):

[0069] Second winch 220: Hydraulic oil enters the second check valve 15, the second check valve 15 is connected to the A port of the second hydraulic motor 12, and the B port of the second hydraulic motor 12 is connected to the B port of the driving pump to form a loop. When the A port is supplied with oil, the oil directly passes through the second check valve 15 to reach the second hydraulic motor 12, the second hydraulic motor 12 works (after the parking is released), and the cable storage starts to collect the rope.

[0070] First winch 210: Hydraulic oil enters the first one-way valve 13, the first one-way valve 13 is connected to the A port of the first hydraulic motor 11, and the B port of the first hydraulic motor 11 is connected to the B port of the driving pump to form a loop.

[0071] Brake 230: When the first two-position three-way reversing valve 17 is energized, the A port of the driving pump is connected or the shuttle valve 19, the shuttle valve 19 is connected to the pressure reducing valve 18, the pressure reducing valve 18 is connected to the oil inlet of the first two-position three-way reversing valve 17, the oil outlet of the first two-position three-way reversing valve 17 is connected to the spring cylinder 20, the spring cylinder 20 is filled with oil until the parking is released, and the first winch 210 starts to reel in the rope; when the first two-position three-way reversing valve 17 loses power, the pressure reducing valve 18 is connected to the oil inlet of the first two-position three-way reversing valve 17, the oil inlet is cut off, the oil in the spring cylinder 20 returns to the oil tank 25 through the oil return port of the first two-position three-way reversing valve 17, the spring cylinder 20 generates a brake parking, the first hydraulic motor 11 stops rotating, and the rope reeling stops.

[0072] When oil enters port A, the second winch 220 retracts the rope before the first winch 210, so that the rope 240 in the first winch 210 and the second winch 220 will not be tangled, and the first winch 210 through which the rope 240 passes is always on the same section of the first winch 210, and the rope 240 travels at a uniform speed. When the pressure reaches 25MPa, the safety valve 24 starts to work to achieve safe pressure stabilization.

[0073] Rope release (oil inlet from port B of the drive pump):

[0074] The second winch 220: the hydraulic oil passes through the B port of the second hydraulic motor 12, the A port of the second hydraulic motor 12 is connected to the second overflow valve 16, the hydraulic oil reaches the second overflow valve 16, when the pressure reaches 10MPa, the second hydraulic motor 12 starts to work, and the second winch 220 starts to release the rope.

[0075] First winch 210: The hydraulic oil enters the B port of the first hydraulic motor 11, and the circuit passes through the first relief valve 14. When the pressure reaches 3.5 MPa, the first relief valve 14 opens to form a circuit. When the brake 230 is released, the first winch 210 starts to release the rope.

[0076] When oil enters port B, the first winch 210 releases the rope before the second winch 220, so that the rope 240 in the first winch 210 and the second winch 220 will not be tangled. When the pressure is between 0 and 10 MPa, the first hydraulic motor 11 slowly accelerates and the second hydraulic motor 12 does not work; when the pressure reaches 10 MPa, the hydraulic oil passes through the second relief valve 16, the second relief valve 16 is turned on, the second hydraulic motor 12 starts to work, and the second hydraulic motor 12 starts to release the rope; when the pressure reaches 25 MPa, the hydraulic oil passes through the shuttle valve 19, the safety valve 24 starts to work, and the first winch 210 achieves safe pressure stabilization.

[0077] Shifting:

[0078] The oil inlet and the oil outlet of the second two-position three-way reversing valve 23 are connected by electricity, oil enters the shift cylinder 21, the piston starts to move, the rotation speed of the first hydraulic motor 11 increases, and the linear speed of the cable 240 increases.

[0079] When the rope is started, the second winch 220 tends to move before the first winch 210; when the rope is stopped, the second winch 220 moves after the first winch 210, so that the wire rope can be tightened; when the rope is collected, the parking brake 230 of the first winch 210 is released, and the second winch 220 tends to move first; when overloaded, the pressure at the port of the first hydraulic motor 11A is much greater than the pressure at the port of the second hydraulic motor 12A, so the pressure between the second winch 220 and the first winch 210 is greater than the pressure at the port of the second hydraulic motor 12A. The steel wire rope will be stretched straight; when the rope collection stops, the pressure at ports A and B drops below the parking brake release pressure of the first winch 210, the parking brake of the first winch 210 takes effect, the first winch 210 stops quickly, and the second winch 220 stops later due to inertia; when the rope is released, the second winch 220 moves after the first winch 210 to prevent the rope from being tangled; when the rope is released stops, the second winch 220 moves before the first winch 210, and finally the parking brake takes effect and the winch is completely locked.

[0080] In summary, the hydraulic system, control method and hoisting equipment provided by the present invention have at least the following technical effects:

[0081] The corresponding driving relationship can be designed, so that the cable can always be kept in a tensioned state when the cable is released and collected, and the second winch can rotate before the first winch when collecting the cable, and the second winch stops after the first winch when collecting the cable; at the same time, the first winch releases the cable before the second winch when releasing the cable, and the second winch stops before the first winch when releasing the cable, thereby avoiding the problem that the cable is easily crossed, easily knotted, or even slipped during the process of collecting and releasing the cable, which is conducive to stable operation. At the same time, since the cable is successively wound around the second winch and the second winch, the speed of collecting and releasing the cable is determined by the first hydraulic motor and the second hydraulic motor. Under the action of the tensioned cable, the traction speed of the cable will be adaptively adjusted, which is relatively conducive to the safety of the operation.

[0082] Under the control of the hydraulic system, when the rope is collected, the second winch tends to move first relative to the first winch; when the rope is released, the first winch tends to move first relative to the second winch, so that the cable between the second winch and the first winch remains in a tensioned state. Since the cable is always tensioned and the cable wound on the first winch will not have a larger radius when it is wound, the speed of the cable is determined by the first winch when the speed of the first winch is fixed. When the brake is in the parking state, the first winch cannot move, and under the control of the first winch, the second winch also remains motionless. When the brake is in the released parking state, the first winch and the second winch can both rotate accordingly. During the process of the second winch collecting and releasing the rope, the total diameter of the second winch and the cable wound thereon will increase or decrease accordingly. However, since the speed of collecting and releasing the rope is determined by the first winch, under the action of the tensioned cable, the speed of the second winch will be adaptively adjusted to maintain the state of collecting and releasing the rope at a constant speed, so that the towed goods also always move at a constant speed, which is beneficial to the safety of the operation.

[0083] Although the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art may make other changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present application.

[0084] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A hydraulic system, characterized in that: Applicable to a hoisting device comprising a first winch and a second winch, wherein the first winch is used for retracting and releasing the cable, and the second winch is used for storing the cable, and the cable is successively wound around the second winch and the second winch in the direction of the cable being discharged; The hydraulic system comprises a hydraulic pump, a first hydraulic motor, a second hydraulic motor, a parking module, a first one-way valve and a first overflow valve connected in parallel, and a second one-way valve and a second overflow valve connected in parallel, wherein the first hydraulic motor and the second hydraulic motor are used to drive the first winch and the second winch respectively; The A port of the driving pump is connected to the oil inlet of the first one-way valve, the oil inlet of the second one-way valve, the oil outlet of the first relief valve and the oil outlet of the second relief valve, and the B port of the driving pump is connected to the B port of the first hydraulic motor and the B port of the second hydraulic motor; the A port of the first hydraulic motor is connected to the oil outlet of the first one-way valve, and the A port of the second hydraulic motor is connected to the oil outlet of the second one-way valve; the set pressure of the first relief valve is less than the set pressure of the second relief valve; The parking module comprises a first two-position three-way reversing valve, a pressure reducing valve, a shuttle valve and a spring oil cylinder acting on the first winch or the second winch driven by the first hydraulic motor, the two oil inlets of the shuttle valve are respectively connected to the A port and the B port of the driving pump, the oil outlet of the shuttle valve is connected to the oil inlet of the first two-position three-way reversing valve, the oil return port of the first two-position three-way reversing valve is connected to the oil tank, and the oil outlet of the first two-position three-way reversing valve is connected to the rod chamber of the spring oil cylinder; The hydraulic system further includes a shift module, which includes a shift oil cylinder, two third one-way valves and a second two-position three-way reversing valve, the oil inlets of the two third one-way valves are respectively connected to the A port and the B port of the first hydraulic motor or the A port and the B port of the second hydraulic motor, and the oil outlets of the two third one-way valves are both connected to the oil inlet of the second two-position three-way reversing valve; one cavity of the shift oil cylinder is connected to the oil tank, and the other cavity is connected to the oil outlet of the second two-position three-way reversing valve; the oil return port of the second two-position three-way reversing valve is connected to the oil tank; The parking module also includes a pressure reducing valve; the oil inlet of the pressure reducing valve is connected to the oil outlet of the shuttle valve, the oil outlet of the pressure reducing valve is connected to the oil inlet of the first two-position three-way reversing valve, and the shuttle valve and the first two-position three-way reversing valve are connected through the pressure reducing valve.

2. The hydraulic system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic system further comprises a safety valve, the oil inlet of the safety valve is connected to the port A of the driving pump, and the oil outlet of the safety valve is connected to the port B of the driving pump; The setting pressure of the safety valve is greater than the setting pressure of the second relief valve.

3. A control method for implementing the hydraulic system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The control method comprises: When the first hydraulic motor drives the first winch, the driving pump is controlled to inlet oil to the A port and return oil to the B port when the rope is collected, and the driving pump is controlled to inlet oil to the B port and return oil to the A port when the rope is released; and when the rope is collected and released, the first two-position three-way reversing valve is controlled to be energized, and the hydraulic oil enters the spring oil cylinder through the oil inlet and oil outlet of the first two-position three-way reversing valve and overcomes the action of the spring to release the parking; When the first hydraulic motor drives the second winch, the driving pump is controlled to inlet oil to port B and return oil to port A when the rope is collected, and the driving pump is controlled to inlet oil to port A and return oil to port B when the rope is released; and when the rope is collected and released, the first two-position three-way reversing valve is controlled to be energized, and the hydraulic oil enters the spring cylinder through the oil inlet and oil outlet of the first two-position three-way reversing valve and overcomes the action of the spring to release the parking.

4. A hoisting device, characterized in that: The hoisting equipment comprises: The hydraulic system according to claim 1 or 2, used to control the actions of the first hydraulic motor, the second hydraulic motor and the spring cylinder; The first winch is used for actively collecting and releasing the rope; a second winch, for storing the cable wound around the first winch and retracted by the first winch; A brake, controlled by the spring cylinder; Wherein: along the rope-releasing direction, the first winch is arranged behind the second winch; the first winch and the second winch are driven by the first hydraulic motor and the second hydraulic motor respectively, and the brake is arranged on the first winch / the second winch driven by the first hydraulic motor; under the control of the hydraulic system, when collecting the rope, the second winch tends to move first relative to the first winch; when releasing the rope, the first winch tends to move first relative to the second winch, so that the cable between the second winch and the first winch remains in a tensioned state.

5. The hoisting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hoisting device also includes a single-layer cable wound around the first winch and storing the cable wound around the second winch, and the number of turns of the cable wound around the first winch is at least one.

6. The hoisting device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The first winch includes a driven drum arranged at intervals and a driving drum driven by the first hydraulic motor; the cable output from the second winch is wound multiple times in the form of a single turn from the driven drum to the driving drum and then back to the driven drum, and is arranged in a single layer on the driving drum and the driven drum.

7. The hoisting device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer diameters of the active drum and the driven drum are the same; the hoisting device also includes a guide wheel arranged between the two drums. Along the radial direction of the active drum, the guide wheel is located on the outside of the cable wound around the active drum, and is used to assist in tensioning and guiding the cable.

8. The hoisting device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The cable is discharged in an upward direction on the first winch, and the cable discharge angle is ±8° relative to the horizontal plane.

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