A method for composite forming of multi-fiber three-dimensional fabric

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of fiber preforms, and in particular to a method for composite forming of three-dimensional fabrics in a multi-fiber state. The steps of the method of the present invention are: establishing a three-dimensional fabric workpiece model in a multi-fiber state, obtaining the reinforcement ratio data and model contour data of the workpiece according to the CAD model, arranging a guide sleeve on the template according to the ratio data and the model contour data, and selecting the corresponding fiber filaments. The fiber filaments are laid in the gap of the guide sleeves in the XY direction, and a fiber felt is arranged on each layer of XY fibers. The fiber felt is punctured with a fine needle, and is stacked and punctured layer by layer. Finally, the guide sleeve is replaced with the fiber to complete the manufacture of the three-dimensional fabric. The composite forming method of three-dimensional fabrics in a multi-fiber state proposed by the present invention increases the fiber content of the fiber preform in the Z direction, can improve the bonding strength between layers, and can realize the integrated forming of a variable thickness composite material preform with a gradient transition of the Z-direction fibers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fiber preforms, and in particular to a composite forming method for multi-fiber state three-dimensional fabrics. Background Art

[0002] Fiber-reinforced composite materials have the advantages of high specific stiffness, high specific strength, high specific modulus, corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance, etc. They are widely used in aerospace, national defense, automobiles, ships, wind power generation, sports and other fields. Composite materials are developing in the direction of large-scale and complex, which also promotes the continuous development of composite material manufacturing technology.

[0003] Traditional composite materials mostly adopt two-dimensional structures, but there are no fibers passing between the layers of two-dimensional composite materials. Most of them are connected by lamination, resulting in low connection strength between layers. After being impacted, they are easily damaged and delaminated, which ultimately leads to a decrease in their mechanical properties and limits the application of composite materials.

[0004] The three-dimensional composite material introduces reinforcement in the Z direction, which can effectively avoid the delamination problem caused by the low bonding strength between the composite layers. The three-dimensional fabric currently using orthogonal three-dimensional weaving is a three-dimensional fabric formed by the fibers in the X, Y, and Z directions interweaving in space. It has the advantages of simple process implementation and low cost, but this technology also has the disadvantages of a low number of interlayer fiber bundles, low reinforcement strength between layers, and low forming flexibility when facing one-piece components with inconsistent performance requirements, which still needs to be improved by R&D personnel. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention mainly provides a forming method for composite forming of three-dimensional fabrics in various fiber states. The forming method performs fiber stacking and laying in the XY directions, places a fiber web after each layer of fiber is laid, reserves fiber yarn replacement holes in the Z direction using a guide sleeve, and punctures the fiber felt using a fine needle, so that the fibers in the fiber felt penetrate into the three-dimensional fabric, thereby reinforcing the short fibers in the fiber felt in the Z direction in the preform.

[0006] 1. A method for composite forming of a three-dimensional fabric in a multi-fiber state, the specific steps are as follows:

[0007] ① Establish a CAD model of a three-dimensional fabric part with multiple fibers;

[0008] ②Acquiring the ratio data and model contour data of the reinforcement and matrix of the workpiece according to the CAD model;

[0009] ③ Arranging the guide sleeve (3) on the template (7) and selecting the corresponding fiber filament according to the ratio data and the model contour data;

[0010] ④ Lay the X-direction wire (5) and the Y-direction wire (6) in the gap of the guide sleeve (3) along the X and Y directions respectively;

[0011] ⑤ Arranging the fiber mat (4) on a layer of XY direction fibers (5) (6);

[0012] ⑥ lowering the guide sleeve (3) to a certain height so that a layer of fibers is close to the top of the guide sleeve (3);

[0013] ⑦ Lower the needle plate (1) so that the needles (2) penetrate into the arranged preforms;

[0014] ⑧ After completing the forming and manufacturing of the above layer, lift the needle plate and the guide sleeve;

[0015] ⑨ Repeat step ④, step ⑤, step ⑥, step ⑦ and step ⑧ to achieve composite forming of the workpiece;

[0016] ⑩ Disassemble the parts on the template (7) and sew the whole part along the guide sleeve (3).

[0017] 2. The forming method of composite forming of three-dimensional fabrics in various fiber states according to claim 1 is characterized in that the reinforcement is fiber filaments, fiber cloth or fiber felt.

[0018] 3. The forming method of three-dimensional fabric composite forming with multiple fiber states according to claim 1 is characterized in that the template can be arranged into guide columns of different forms according to certain rules and shapes according to the structural shape characteristics of the parts to form various different arrangement templates.

[0019] 4. The forming method of three-dimensional fabric composite forming in multiple fiber states according to claim 1 is characterized in that the wire material is carbon fiber, metal wire, aramid fiber, glass fiber, basalt fiber and other materials.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] 1. The number of fiber bundles in the Z direction is increased, and the interlayer bonding strength of the composite material is improved.

[0022] 2. The integrated weaving of variable thickness composite material preforms with gradient transition of fiber ratio in the Z direction can be realized, thus improving the structural designability of the composite material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the composite forming method of a multi-fiber three-dimensional fabric of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the composite forming method of a multi-fiber three-dimensional fabric of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional fabric composite material product in a multi-fiber state;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional fabric composite material with variable thickness and multiple fibers; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following is combined with Figure 4 The present invention will be described in detail.

[0028] The specific steps of the multi-fiber state three-dimensional fabric composite forming method of the present invention are as follows:

[0029] A. Establish a CAD model of a three-dimensional fabric product in a multi-fiber state;

[0030] B. Obtain the ratio data and model contour data of the reinforcement and matrix of a typical three-dimensional fabric composite material according to the CAD model;

[0031] C. Arranging the guide sleeve (11) locally on the part of the template (16) that needs high z-direction performance and large thickness according to the ratio data and the model contour data, and selecting the corresponding fiber filaments;

[0032] D. Laying the X-direction wire (14) and the Y-direction wire (15) in the gap of the guide sleeve (3) along the X and Y directions respectively, and laying the X-direction wire (14) and the Y-direction wire (15) at a position where there is no guide sleeve (11);

[0033] E. Arranging the fiber mat (2) on a layer of X / Y directional fibers (14) (15);

[0034] F. lowering the guide sleeve (11) so that the upper surface of the guide sleeve is flush with the fiber layer, piercing the fiber felt with a needle in the guide gap, bringing the z-direction fibers into the preform, and forming a z-direction needle-punched structure (12);

[0035] G. After completing the forming and manufacturing of the above layer, lift the needle plate and the guide sleeve;

[0036] H. Repeating step D, step E, step F, step G and step H to achieve composite forming of the workpiece;

[0037] I. Disassemble the parts on the template (16) and sew the whole part along the holes left by the guide sleeve (11).

[0038] Finally, the forming of the preform is completed.

[0039] The above embodiments are further explanations of the above contents of the present invention, and it should not be understood that the scope of the above subject of the present invention is limited to the above embodiments. All technologies realized based on the above contents belong to the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for composite forming of a three-dimensional fabric in a multi-fiber state, the specific steps are as follows: ① Establish a CAD model of a three-dimensional fabric composite formed part in a multi-fiber state; ②Acquiring the ratio data and model contour data of the reinforcement and matrix of the workpiece according to the CAD model; ③ Arranging the guide sleeve (3) on the template (7) and selecting the corresponding fiber filament according to the ratio data and the model contour data; ④ Lay the X-direction wire (5) and the Y-direction wire (6) in the gap of the guide sleeve (3) along the X and Y directions respectively; ⑤ Arranging the fiber mat (4) on a layer of XY direction fibers (5) (6); ⑥ Lowering the guide sleeve (3) to a certain height so that a layer of fibers is close to the top of the guide sleeve (3); ⑦ Lower the needle plate (1) so that the needles (2) penetrate into the arranged preforms; ⑧ After completing the forming and manufacturing of the above layer, lift the needle plate and the guide sleeve; ⑨ Repeat step ④, step ⑤, step ⑥, step ⑦ and step ⑧ to achieve composite forming of the part; ⑩ Disassemble the parts on the template (7) and sew the whole part along the guide sleeve (3).

2. The forming method of composite forming of three-dimensional fabrics in various fiber states according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The reinforcement is fiber filament material, fiber cloth or fiber felt.

3. The forming method of three-dimensional fabric composite forming of multiple fiber states according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The template can be arranged into guide columns of different forms according to certain rules and shapes according to the structural shape characteristics of the parts, forming various arrangement templates.

4. The forming method of three-dimensional fabric composite forming of multiple fiber states according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The wire material is carbon fiber, metal wire, aramid fiber, glass fiber, basalt fiber and the like.

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