An integrated swirl air intake device

Abstract

The present application belongs to the field of aviation gas turbine engine combustion chamber design, and particularly relates to an integrated swirl air intake device, comprising: an air intake plate, and a connecting ring; the air intake plate is a rotating body structure, which has an axial main channel, and the outer surface of the air intake plate includes an end face, a cylindrical surface and a conical surface connecting the end face and the cylindrical surface, and the end face, the cylindrical surface and the conical surface all have air intake holes for allowing air to enter the main channel; on the inner side of the air intake plate, the junction of the end face and the conical surface has an inner diverter ring formed by an annular flange, and the junction of the conical surface and the cylindrical surface has an outer diverter ring formed by an annular flange; the connecting ring has a connecting channel connecting the main channel with the flame tube combustion chamber, and the integrated swirl air intake device can improve the fuel atomization level and spatial dispersion by adjusting parameters such as the air intake hole layout, hole type, and hole diameter, thereby improving the combustion chamber performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of aviation gas turbine engine combustion chamber design, and in particular relates to an integrated swirl air intake device. Background Art

[0002] The flame tube head of the combustion chamber of the current aviation gas turbine engine generally adopts a single-stage or multi-stage swirler combined with a pressure atomizing nozzle. With the continuous advancement of aviation engine technology, whether for military high-temperature rise combustion chambers or civilian low-pollution combustion chambers, more fuel is required to burn efficiently in the flame tube head area, which brings about the problems of reduced combustion efficiency, exhaust smoke, and deterioration of the outlet temperature field that are commonly faced by advanced combustion chambers. How to increase the intake volume of the swirl intake device in a limited space is the key to solving the above problems. In the existing technical solutions, the swirl intake device at the head of the combustion chamber flame tube is generally composed of a main swirler, a secondary swirler, a venturi, etc., and the nozzle can be a single-oil centrifugal pressure atomizing nozzle or a double-oil centrifugal pressure atomizing nozzle. The swirl intake device is used to generate a recirculation zone in the flame tube to ensure stable and efficient combustion. The atomization of the fuel is mainly achieved by the pressure difference at the nozzle nozzle and the shearing effect of the main and secondary swirler airflows. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides an integrated swirl air intake device, comprising: an air intake plate and a connecting ring;

[0004] The air intake plate is a rotating body structure, which has an axial main channel, and the outer surface of the air intake plate includes an end face, a cylindrical surface and a conical surface connecting the end face and the cylindrical surface, and the end face, the cylindrical surface and the conical surface all have air intake holes for allowing air to enter the main channel;

[0005] On the inner side of the air inlet plate, an inner flow divider ring formed by an annular flange is provided at the junction of the end surface and the conical surface, and an outer flow divider ring formed by an annular flange is provided at the junction of the conical surface and the cylindrical surface;

[0006] A mounting hole is provided at the center of the end face to match the gap with the fuel nozzle; one end of the air intake plate close to the cylindrical surface is connected to the flame tube through the connecting ring, and the connecting ring has a connecting channel connecting the main channel and the flame tube combustion chamber.

[0007] Preferably, the air inlet hole includes an inner air inlet hole located on the end surface, a middle air inlet hole located on the conical surface, and an outer air inlet hole located on the cylindrical surface; wherein, the hole axis of the inner air inlet hole has a preset angle with the end surface; the hole axis of the middle air inlet hole has a preset angle with the conical surface; and the hole axis of the outer air inlet hole has a preset angle with the cylindrical surface.

[0008] Preferably, the hole shape of the air inlet hole includes a square hole or a circular hole.

[0009] Preferably, the air inlet hole is a channel of equal area or a contraction channel.

[0010] Preferably, the inner air inlet hole and the outer air inlet hole have their axis deflected in opposite directions, the inner air inlet hole and the middle air inlet hole have their axis deflected in opposite directions, or the middle air inlet hole and the outer air inlet hole have their axis deflected in opposite directions.

[0011] Preferably, the main channel comprises:

[0012] a first channel formed by the inner flow dividing ring;

[0013] a second channel formed by the inner splitter ring, the outer splitter ring and the inner surface of the air inlet plate;

[0014] a third channel formed by the outer splitter ring and the inner surface of the air inlet plate;

[0015] The cross-sectional area of ​​the first channel gradually decreases along the airflow direction, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second channel gradually increases along the airflow direction.

[0016] Preferably, the cross-sectional area of ​​the third channel is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second channel, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second channel is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the first channel.

[0017] Preferably, the cross-sectional area of ​​the connecting channel of the connecting ring gradually decreases along the airflow direction.

[0018] Preferably, the maximum cross-sectional area of ​​the connecting channel is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the third channel.

[0019] Preferably, the air inlet plate, the inner splitter ring and the outer splitter ring are an integrated structure.

[0020] 1. The present application adopts an integrated swirl air intake structure, which can improve the space utilization rate of the flame tube head, meet the large air intake volume requirements of the combustion chamber flame tube head air intake device under limited space, and reduce the weight of the swirl air intake device;

[0021] 2. The integrated swirl intake device can improve the fuel atomization level and spatial dispersion by adjusting parameters such as the intake hole layout, hole shape, and hole diameter, thereby improving the combustion chamber performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of an integrated swirl air intake device according to a preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a preferred embodiment of the present application, the integrated swirl air intake device side view Figure 1 ;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a preferred embodiment of the present application, the integrated swirl air intake device side view Figure 2 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the implementation of this application clearer, the technical scheme in the implementation of this application will be described in more detail in combination with the drawings in the implementation of this application. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions. The described implementation is a part of the implementation of this application, not all of the implementations. The implementation described below with reference to the drawings is exemplary and is intended to be used to explain this application, and cannot be understood as a limitation on this application. Based on the implementation in this application, all other implementations obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application. The implementation of this application is described in detail below in combination with the drawings.

[0026] like Figure 1-3 As shown, in order to solve the above problems, the present application provides an integrated swirl air intake device, comprising: an air intake plate 1 and a connecting ring B;

[0027] The air intake plate 1 is a rotating body structure, which has an axial main channel. The outer surface of the air intake plate 1 includes an end face, a cylindrical surface and a conical surface connecting the end face and the cylindrical surface. The end face, the cylindrical surface and the conical surface all have air intake holes for allowing air to enter the main channel. The air intake holes include an inner air intake hole 4 located on the end face, a middle air intake hole 5 located on the conical surface and an outer air intake hole 6 located on the cylindrical surface; wherein the hole axis of the inner air intake hole 4 has a preset deflection angle with the end face; the hole axis of the middle air intake hole 5 has a preset deflection angle with the conical surface; the hole axis of the outer air intake hole 6 has a preset deflection angle with the cylindrical surface, and the air intake is used to generate swirling air;

[0028] On the inner side of the air inlet plate 1, an inner flow divider ring 2 formed by an annular flange is provided at the junction of the end surface and the conical surface, and an outer flow divider ring 3 formed by an annular flange is provided at the junction of the conical surface and the cylindrical surface;

[0029] The center of the end face is provided with a mounting hole which is gap-matched with the fuel nozzle A; the end of the air inlet plate 1 close to the cylindrical surface is connected to the flame tube C through the connecting ring B, and the connecting ring B has a connecting channel H connecting the main channel and the flame tube combustion chamber; the first channel E formed by the inner diverter ring 2;

[0030] A second channel F formed by the inner splitter ring 2, the outer splitter ring 3 and the inner surface of the air inlet plate 1;

[0031] A third channel G formed by the outer splitter ring 3 and the inner surface of the air inlet plate 1;

[0032] The cross-sectional area of ​​the first channel E gradually decreases along the airflow direction, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second channel F gradually increases along the airflow direction.

[0033] In some optional embodiments, the hole shape of the air inlet hole includes a square hole or a circular hole.

[0034] In some optional embodiments, the air inlet hole is a channel of equal area or a contraction channel.

[0035] In some optional embodiments, the inner air inlet hole 4 and the outer air inlet hole 6 have opposite axis deflection directions, the inner air inlet hole 4 and the middle air inlet hole 5 have opposite axis deflection directions, or the middle air inlet hole 5 and the outer air inlet hole 6 have opposite axis deflection directions.

[0036] In some optional embodiments, the cross-sectional area of ​​the third channel G is greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second channel F, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second channel F is greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the first channel E.

[0037] In some optional embodiments, the cross-sectional area of ​​the connecting channel H of the connecting ring B gradually decreases along the airflow direction.

[0038] In some optional embodiments, the maximum cross-sectional area of ​​the connecting channel H is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the third channel G.

[0039] In some optional embodiments, the air inlet plate 1, the inner splitter ring 2 and the outer splitter ring 3 are an integrated structure.

[0040] The working principle of the integrated swirl air intake device is as follows: the integrated swirl air intake device is used to flow air into the inner air intake hole 4, the middle air intake hole 5 and the outer air intake hole 6 respectively. The air entering the inner air intake hole 4 is merged into the connecting channel H through the first channel E, the air entering the middle air intake hole 5 is merged into the connecting channel H through the second channel F, and the air entering the outer air intake hole 6 is merged into the connecting channel H through the third channel G. The air flowing out of the first channel E and the second channel F is strongly sheared at the edge of the inner diverter ring 2, and the air flowing out of the second channel F and the third channel G is strongly sheared at the edge of the outer diverter ring 3. The contraction of the first channel E and the expansion of the second channel F can compress and expand the gas in the channel, so that the gas and the fuel are further mixed; by adjusting the angle between the axis of the inner air intake hole 4, the middle air intake hole 5 and the outer air intake hole 6 and the outer surface of the air intake plate 1, as well as the hole type, the number of holes and other parameters, a high turbulence swirl and an ideal air velocity distribution can be obtained in the connecting channel H, thereby improving the atomization level and spatial dispersion of the fuel sprayed by the fuel nozzle A in the connecting channel H. The oil-gas mixture in the connecting channel H enters the flame tube C after intense mixing, and forms a stable combustion zone in the flame tube C.

[0041] The integrated swirl air intake device improves the space utilization rate of the flame tube head by adopting an integrated swirl air intake structure, increases the air intake volume of the air intake device under limited space, can better meet the large air intake volume requirements of the flame tube head air intake device of the combustion chamber, and can reduce the weight of the swirl air intake device. In addition, by adjusting the parameters such as the air intake hole layout, hole type, and hole diameter, the fuel atomization level and spatial dispersion can be improved, thereby improving the combustion chamber performance.

[0042] 1. The present application adopts an integrated swirl air intake structure, which can improve the space utilization rate of the flame tube head, meet the large air intake volume requirements of the combustion chamber flame tube head air intake device under limited space, and reduce the weight of the swirl air intake device;

[0043] 2. The integrated swirl intake device can improve the fuel atomization level and spatial dispersion by adjusting parameters such as the intake hole layout, hole shape, and hole diameter, thereby improving the combustion chamber performance.

[0044] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An integrated swirl air intake device, characterized in that: include: Air inlet plate (1), and connecting ring (B); The air intake plate (1) is a rotating body structure, which has an axial main channel, and the outer surface of the air intake plate (1) comprises an end face, a cylindrical surface and a conical surface connecting the end face and the cylindrical surface, and the end face, the cylindrical surface and the conical surface all have air intake holes for allowing air to enter the main channel; On the inner side of the air inlet plate (1), an inner flow divider ring (2) formed by an annular flange is provided at the junction of the end surface and the conical surface, and an outer flow divider ring (3) formed by an annular flange is provided at the junction of the conical surface and the cylindrical surface; A mounting hole is provided at the center of the end face, which is clearance-matched with the fuel nozzle (A); an end of the air inlet plate (1) close to the cylindrical surface is connected to the flame tube (C) through the connecting ring (B); the connecting ring (B) has a connecting channel (H) connecting the main channel and the flame tube combustion chamber.

2. The integrated swirl air intake device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet holes comprise an inner air inlet hole (4) located on the end surface, a middle air inlet hole (5) located on the conical surface, and an outer air inlet hole (6) located on the cylindrical surface; wherein the hole axis of the inner air inlet hole (4) has a preset angle of deviation with respect to the end surface; the hole axis of the middle air inlet hole (5) has a preset angle of deviation with respect to the conical surface; and the hole axis of the outer air inlet hole (6) has a preset angle of deviation with respect to the cylindrical surface.

3. The integrated swirl air intake device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hole shape of the air inlet hole includes a square hole or a circular hole.

4. The integrated swirl air intake device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet hole is a channel of equal area or a contraction channel.

5. The integrated swirl air intake device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The deflection directions of the hole axes of the inner air inlet hole (4) and the outer air inlet hole (6) are opposite, the deflection directions of the hole axes of the inner air inlet hole (4) and the middle air inlet hole (5) are opposite, or the deflection directions of the hole axes of the middle air inlet hole (5) and the outer air inlet hole (6) are opposite.

6. The integrated swirl air intake device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main channel comprises: A first channel (E) formed by the inner flow dividing ring (2); A second channel (F) formed by the inner flow dividing ring (2), the outer flow dividing ring (3) and the inner surface of the air inlet plate (1); A third channel (G) formed by the outer flow dividing ring (3) and the inner surface of the air inlet plate (1); The cross-sectional area of ​​the first channel (E) gradually decreases along the airflow direction, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second channel (F) gradually increases along the airflow direction.

7. The integrated swirl air intake device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cross-sectional area of ​​the third channel (G) is greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second channel (F), and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second channel (F) is greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the first channel (E).

8. The integrated swirl air intake device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional area of ​​the connecting channel (H) of the connecting ring (B) gradually decreases along the air flow direction.

9. The integrated swirl air intake device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The maximum cross-sectional area of ​​the connecting channel (H) is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the third channel (G).

10. The integrated swirl air intake device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air intake plate (1), the inner flow splitter ring (2) and the outer flow splitter ring (3) are an integrated structure.

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