A steel structure elevator shaft and design method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a steel structure elevator shaft frame and a design method thereof, which belongs to the technical field of elevator shaft frames, and includes steel frame columns, steel frame beams and door columns; the steel frame columns are arranged in close contact with the side walls of the foundation pit, the bottom is connected to the concrete foundation through column foot fixings, and the side is connected to the side walls of the foundation pit through side embedded parts; the steel frame beams are arranged between adjacent steel frame columns and connected to the main structure beams through crossbeam connectors, and the steel frame beams include side beams, back beams, reinforcement beams and hook beams; the door columns are arranged between the two back beams on each floor. In the present invention, only the steel frame columns can be seen from the outside of the elevator, and the shaft frame outline is simple and beautiful in appearance; when viewing from inside the elevator to the outside, visual segmentation is avoided and the sightseeing effect is enhanced; the steel frame columns are arranged in close contact with the side walls of the foundation pit to improve the stability of the steel frame columns; the buckling analysis is used to inversely calculate the column length coefficient and the envelope design method assuming that some columns have been unstable and damaged is used to solve the problem that the stability of the frame columns cannot be met when calculated according to the standard method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of elevator shaft frames, and in particular relates to a steel structure elevator shaft frame and a design method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A sightseeing elevator is a vertical lift powered by an electric motor and equipped with a box-shaped pod. Most elevators utilize a steel frame structure, consisting of staggered steel columns and beams connected by connectors. The derrick is covered in transparent materials such as glass, allowing passengers to enjoy the scenery outside while riding. However, when viewed from the outside, the steel beams of the derrick are exposed on each floor, resulting in a significant flaw in the derrick's outline and affecting the aesthetics of the sightseeing elevator. Furthermore, the presence of the steel beams reduces the area of ​​the "single pane of glass," affecting passengers' visual experience. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a steel structure elevator shaft frame and a design method thereof, so as to solve the problem in the above-mentioned background technology that there are beams in the viewing surface of the sightseeing elevator, which affects the appearance of the elevator and the sightseeing effect of passengers.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A steel structure elevator shaft frame, including steel frame columns, steel frame beams and door columns; the steel frame columns are arranged in a fit with the side walls of the foundation pit, the bottoms of the steel frame columns are connected to the concrete foundation through column foot fixings, and the sides are connected to the side walls of the foundation pit through side embedded parts, and the steel frame columns include center columns and corner columns; the steel frame beams are arranged between adjacent steel frame columns and are connected to the main structure beams through crossbeam connectors, the steel frame beams include side beams, back beams, reinforcement beams and hook beams, the side beams are located on the left and right sides, the back beams are located on the back side, the reinforcement beams are located on the left and right sides, and the hook beams are arranged on the top of the front steel frame columns; the door columns are arranged between the two back beams on each floor.

[0006] Furthermore, two back beams are provided corresponding to each floor, the side beams are provided corresponding to the back beams located at the bottom of the doorposts, and the reinforcement beams are provided between the upper and lower adjacent side beams.

[0007] Furthermore, the column base fixing device includes an anchor plate, an anchor bolt, a mortar layer and a protective block; the anchor plate is fixed at the bottom of the steel frame column; the bottom end of the anchor bolt is planted in the concrete foundation, and the top end is fixedly connected to the anchor plate by a nut; the mortar layer is arranged between the anchor plate and the concrete foundation; the protective block is a cast-in-place concrete structure, which is cast around the steel frame column and above the anchor plate.

[0008] Furthermore, a first stiffening plate is provided on the anchor plate, and the first stiffening plate is fixedly connected to the steel frame column; a pad is provided between the nut of the anchor bolt and the anchor plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the anchor plate is flush with the edge of the steel frame column on the side of the steel frame column close to the side wall of the foundation pit.

[0010] A steel structure elevator shaft frame according to the claims is characterized in that the side embedded parts include corner column side embedded parts and center column side embedded parts, the corner column side embedded parts include folded plates and embedded rods connected to each other; the embedded rods are arranged at intervals in the side walls of the foundation pit; the folded plates are fixedly connected to the corner columns, and a second stiffening plate is arranged thereon, and the second stiffening plate is arranged in close contact with the corner columns.

[0011] Furthermore, the side embedded parts of the center column include interconnected connecting plates and embedded rods. The connecting plates are arranged on the side walls of the foundation pit through the embedded rods and are fixedly connected to the center column. A third stiffening plate is arranged on the connecting plate, and the third stiffening plate is fitted with the center column.

[0012] Furthermore, the crossbeam connecting member includes a fixed plate, a connecting rod, an ear plate and a tension screw; the fixed plate is arranged on both sides of the main structure beam; the connecting rod is arranged in the main structure beam, and its two ends are respectively connected to the two fixed plates; the ear plates are arranged on both sides of the steel frame beam and are fixedly connected to the fixed plate; the tension screw is arranged in the steel frame beam, and its two ends are respectively connected to the two ear plates through nuts.

[0013] Furthermore, an oblong hole is provided on the ear plate.

[0014] A design method for a steel structure elevator shaft frame comprises the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: Build an elevator shaft model;

[0016] Step 2: Design the cross-section and material properties of each component;

[0017] Step 3: Perform linear elastic buckling analysis and inversely calculate the calculated length coefficient μ of the steel frame column;

[0018] Step 4: Set the calculation length coefficient of the rigid frame column to μ and perform the stability bearing capacity verification of the elevator shaft frame;

[0019] Step 5: Assuming that all front steel frame columns except the top layer are unstable and damaged, perform structural stiffness and bearing capacity verification as a cantilever structure;

[0020] Step 6. After the cross-section and material properties are designed to meet the requirements, design and calculate the column base fixings, side embedded parts, and beam connectors;

[0021] Step 7: Get the design result.

[0022] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. The present invention provides a steel-structured elevator shaft frame and a design method thereof. No steel frame beams are provided in the front passenger seating area, and only steel frame columns are visible from the outside of the elevator. This makes the shaft frame outline simple and beautiful in appearance. When viewing from inside the elevator to the outside, visual fragmentation is avoided, thereby enhancing the sightseeing effect.

[0024] 2. The present invention provides a steel structure elevator shaft frame and a design method thereof, which adopts linear elastic buckling analysis to inversely calculate the column length coefficient and an envelope design method assuming that some columns have become unstable and damaged, to solve the problem that the stability of the frame columns cannot be met when calculated according to the standard method.

[0025] 3. The present invention provides a steel structure elevator shaft frame and a design method thereof, which realizes a stable connection between the shaft frame and the concrete foundation, the side walls of the foundation pit and the main structure beams through the cooperation of column foot fixings, side embedded parts and cross beam connecting parts; the column foot jointly bears the column bottom bending moment through the column foot fixings and side embedded parts, replacing the ordinary rigid column foot with stiffening ribs on all four sides of the column, and solves the problem that the steel frame column cannot be tightly attached to the shaft wall due to the stiffening ribs set between the ordinary rigid column foot and the shaft wall, leaving a structural gap.

[0026] 4. The present invention provides a steel structure elevator shaft frame and a design method thereof, wherein the steel frame columns are arranged to fit the foundation pit, thereby solving the problem of insufficient foundation pit size. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the elevator shaft frame involved in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Side view of

[0029] Figure 3 A floor plan of each floor of the elevator shaft frame involved in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 A top-level plan view of the elevator shaft frame involved in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of the column foot fixing member according to the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of two anchor plate design methods involved in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of a corner column side embedded part according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the side embedded part of the center column according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of the beam connecting member involved in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 sectional view.

[0037] In the figure: 1-steel frame column, 11-center column, 12-corner column, 2-steel frame beam, 21-side beam, 22-back beam, 23-reinforcement beam, 24-hook beam, 3-door column, 4-concrete foundation, 5-column foot fixings, 6-foundation pit side wall, 7-side embedded parts, 71-corner column side embedded parts, 72-center column side embedded parts, 8-main structure beam, 9-cross beam connector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the present invention provides a steel structure elevator shaft frame, including steel frame columns 1, steel frame beams 2 and door columns 3; the steel frame columns 1 are arranged at intervals and fit with the side walls 6 of the foundation pit, and column foot fixing members 5 are provided at the bottom thereof, which are connected to the concrete foundation 4 through the column foot fixing members 5, and the side parts are connected to the side walls 6 of the foundation pit through side embedded members 7; the steel frame beams 2 are arranged between adjacent steel frame columns 1 and connected to the main structure beams 8 through crossbeam connectors 9, including side beams 21, back beams 22, reinforcement beams 23 and hook beams 24, the side beams 21 are arranged at intervals from top to bottom and are located on the left and right sides, the back beams 22 are located on the back side and are arranged corresponding to the floors, the reinforcement beams 23 are arranged between the upper and lower adjacent side beams 21, and the hook beams 24 are arranged at the top between the adjacent steel frame columns 1 on the front side, and no crossbeams are provided in the elevator passage area on the front side of the elevator shaft frame, so that the elevator shaft frame is more beautiful and improves the visual effect of passengers when sightseeing; the door columns 3 are arranged between the two back beams 22 on each floor for supporting the elevator door.

[0040] Preferably, the foundation pit side walls 6 and the main structural beams 8 are both reinforced concrete structures.

[0041] Preferably, two back beams 22 are installed on each floor. Side beams 21 correspond to the back beams 22 located at the bottom of the doorposts 3. Reinforcement beams 23 are also installed at the bottom between the left and right steel frame columns 1 to improve structural stability. The steel frame columns 1, steel frame beams 2, and doorposts 3 are all rectangular steel tubes. The steel frame columns 1 and steel frame beams 2, as well as the steel frame beams 2 and doorposts 3, are all welded.

[0042] like Figure 5 、 6As shown, the column foot fixing part 5 includes an anchor plate, an anchor bolt, a mortar layer and a protective block. The anchor plate is fixed at the bottom of the steel frame column 1. The bottom end of the anchor bolt is planted in the concrete foundation 4, and the top end is fixedly connected to the anchor plate by a nut. The mortar layer is arranged between the anchor plate and the concrete foundation 4. The mortar layer is preferably a dense and non-shrinkable C45 fine stone concrete layer. The protective block is a cast-in-place concrete structure, which is cast around the steel frame column 1 and above the anchor plate to prevent the connection part from loosening. Preferably, a first stiffening plate is arranged on the anchor plate, and the first stiffening plate is fixedly connected to the steel frame column 1. A pad is arranged between the nut of the anchor bolt and the anchor plate to increase the contact area between the nut and the anchor plate.

[0043] The steel frame column 1 includes a corner column 12 and a center column 11. The anchor plates arranged on the corner columns 12 are flush with the edges of the corner columns 12 on both sides of the corner columns 12 close to the foundation pit side walls 6, so that the corner columns 12 are in contact with the foundation pit side walls 6; the anchor plates arranged on the center columns 11 are flush with the edges of the center columns 11 on the sides of the center columns 11 close to the foundation pit side walls 6, so that the center columns 11 are in contact with the foundation pit side walls 6, and the foundation pit side walls 6 are used to further fix the steel frame column 1.

[0044] like Figure 7 、 8 As shown, the side embedded parts 7 are positioned adjacent to and above the column base fixing parts 5. The column base of the steel frame column 1 is jointly supported by the column base fixing parts 5 and the side embedded parts 7 to bear the column base bending moment. This replaces the conventional rigid column base with stiffening ribs on all four sides of the column. This solves the problem of stiffening ribs between the conventional rigid column base and the well wall, which prevents the steel frame column from being tightly attached to the well wall and leaves a structural gap. The side embedded parts 7 include corner column side embedded parts 71 and center column side embedded parts 72. The corner column 12 is connected to the foundation pit side wall 6 via the corner column side embedded parts 71. The corner column side embedded parts 71 include interconnected folded plates and embedded rods. The shape of the folded plates is adapted to the shape of the foundation pit base, preferably L-shaped folded plates. The embedded rods are spaced apart within the foundation pit side wall 6 to secure the folded plates. The corner column 12 is welded to the folded plates. Preferably, a second stiffening plate is provided on the folded plates, which fits in contact with the corner column 12 to provide auxiliary fixation. The center column 11 is connected to the foundation pit side wall 6 through the center column side embedded part 72. The center column side embedded part 72 includes a connecting plate and embedded rods that are connected to each other. The connecting plate is set on the foundation pit side wall 6 through the embedded rod and is welded to the center column 11. Preferably, a third stiffening plate is set on the connecting plate, and the third stiffening plate is fitted with the center column 11 to assist in fixing the center column 11.

[0045] like Figure 9 、 10As shown, the crossbeam connector 9 includes a fixing plate, a connecting rod, a lug plate, and a tension screw. The fixing plates are arranged on both sides of the main structural beam 8; the connecting rod is arranged within the main structural beam 8, and its ends are connected to the two fixing plates; the lug plates are arranged on both sides of the steel frame beam 2 and fixedly connected to the fixing plates; the tension screw is arranged within the steel frame beam 2, and its ends are connected to the two lug plates via nuts. Preferably, the lug plates have oblong holes, and the tension screws are inserted into the oblong holes. This effectively releases vertical shear forces, facilitates installation, and avoids stress concentration caused by temperature.

[0046] A design method for a steel structure elevator shaft frame comprises the following steps:

[0047] Step 1: Build an elevator shaft model;

[0048] Step 2: Design component cross-section and material properties;

[0049] Step 3: Perform linear elastic buckling analysis and inversely calculate the calculated length coefficient μ of the steel frame column 1;

[0050] Step 4: Set the calculated length coefficient of the rigid frame column 1 to μ and perform the stability bearing capacity verification of the elevator shaft frame;

[0051] Step 5: Assuming that all front steel frame columns 1 except the top layer are unstable and damaged, perform structural stiffness and bearing capacity verification as a cantilever structure;

[0052] Step 6: After the cross-section and material properties are designed to meet the requirements, the column foot fixings 5, side embedded parts 7, and beam connectors 9 are designed and calculated;

[0053] Step 7: Get the design result.

[0054] In step 1, the elevator shaft model can be calculated using software such as PKPM and YJK.

[0055] In step 2, the design of the cross-section and material properties of each component refers to the following specifications and regulations:

[0056] Code for Loads on Building Structures (GB50009-2012);

[0057] Code for Design of Concrete Structures (2015 Edition) GB50010-2010;

[0058] Code for Seismic Design of Buildings (2016 Edition) (GB 50011-2010);

[0059] Code for Seismic Design of Structures (GB 50191-2012);

[0060] Building Structure Design Standard (GB50017-2017);

[0061] Code for Design of Building Foundations (GB50007-2011);

[0062] Code for Design of Steel Structures (GB50017-2003).

[0063] The control parameters of the steel structure are as follows:

[0064] 1. Overall control parameters

[0065] Structural design reference period: 50 years

[0066] Structural design service life: 50 years

[0067] Building structure safety level: Level 2

[0068] Structural importance coefficient

[0069] Building seismic fortification level: Class C

[0070] 2. Displacement limit

[0071] Ratio of deflection to span of ordinary beam: ≤l / 300

[0072] Ratio of floor beam cantilever deflection to cantilever span: ≤l / 150

[0073] Ratio of roof beam cantilever deflection to cantilever span: ≤l / 125

[0074] Inter-story displacement angle under horizontal load: ≤l / 250

[0075] 3. Strength limit

[0076] Component strength and stability stress under non-seismic design and frequent earthquakes: ≤0.85 times the material design strength

[0077] 4. Slenderness ratio limit of members

[0078] Tie rod slenderness ratio: ≤400

[0079] Slenderness ratio of compression rod: ≤150

[0080] In step 3, MIDAS GEN software is used to perform linear elastic buckling analysis to obtain the first-order buckling mode. Then, the length coefficient is calculated by back-calculation according to the Euler formula. The calculation formula is:

[0081] In step 4, considering the limitations of the length coefficient calculation method and the particularity of the sightseeing elevator's shape, it is assumed that all steel frame columns 1 without external steel frame beams 2 on the front side suffer from buckling failure except for the top floor. At this time, it should be ensured that the entire sightseeing elevator cannot collapse, and the envelope design should be performed as a cantilever.

[0082] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A steel structure elevator shaft frame, characterized in that: It comprises a steel frame column (1), a steel frame beam (2) and a door column (3); the steel frame column (1) is arranged in affixed relation to the side wall (6) of the foundation pit, the bottom of the steel frame column is connected to the concrete foundation (4) through a column foot fixing piece (5), and the side is connected to the side wall (6) of the foundation pit through a side embedded piece (7); the steel frame column (1) comprises a center column (11) and a corner column (12); the steel frame beam (2) is arranged between adjacent steel frame columns (1) and is connected to the main structure beam (8) through a crossbeam connector (9); the steel frame beam (2) comprises a side beam (21), a back beam (22), a reinforcement beam (23) and a hook beam (24); the side beam (21) is located on the left and right sides, the back beam (22) is located on the back side, the reinforcement beam (23) is located on the left and right sides, and the hook beam (24) is arranged on the top of the front steel frame column (1); the door column (3) is arranged between the two back beams (22) on each floor; There is no crossbeam in the elevator passage area in front of the elevator shaft; The side embedded parts (7) include corner column side embedded parts (71) and center column side embedded parts (72), the corner column side embedded parts (71) include mutually connected folded plates and embedded rods; the embedded rods are arranged at intervals in the foundation pit side walls (6); the folded plates are L-shaped folded plates, fixedly connected to the corner columns (12), and a second stiffening plate is arranged thereon, and the second stiffening plate is arranged in close contact with the corner columns (12).

2. A steel structure elevator shaft frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two back beams (22) are provided corresponding to each floor, the side beams (21) are provided corresponding to the back beams (22) located at the bottom of the doorpost (3), and the reinforcement beams (23) are provided between the upper and lower adjacent side beams (21).

3. The steel structure elevator shaft frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: The column foot fixing member (5) comprises an anchor plate, an anchor bolt, a mortar layer and a protection block; the anchor plate is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the steel frame column (1); the bottom end of the anchor bolt is rear-planted in the concrete foundation (4), and the top end is fixedly connected to the anchor plate by a nut; the mortar layer is arranged between the anchor plate and the concrete foundation (4); the protection block is a cast-in-place concrete structure, cast around the steel frame column (1) and above the anchor plate.

4. A steel structure elevator shaft frame according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first stiffening plate is provided on the anchor plate, and the first stiffening plate is fixedly connected to the steel frame column (1); and a pad is provided between the nut of the anchor bolt and the anchor plate.

5. The steel structure elevator shaft frame according to claim 3, characterized in that: The anchor plate is flush with the edge of the steel frame column (1) on the side surface of the steel frame column (1) close to the foundation pit side wall (6).

6. The steel structure elevator shaft frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central column side embedded part (72) comprises a connecting plate and an embedded rod connected to each other, the connecting plate being arranged on the foundation pit side wall (6) via the embedded rod and being fixedly connected to the central column (11), a third stiffening plate being arranged on the connecting plate, and the third stiffening plate being arranged in close contact with the central column (11).

7. The steel structure elevator shaft frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crossbeam connecting member (9) includes a fixed plate, a connecting rod, an ear plate and a tension screw; the fixed plate is arranged on both sides of the main structural beam (8); the connecting rod is arranged in the main structural beam (8), and its two ends are respectively connected to the two fixed plates; the ear plates are arranged on both sides of the steel frame beam (2) and are fixedly connected to the fixed plate; the tension screw is arranged in the steel frame beam (2), and its two ends are respectively connected to the two ear plates through nuts.

8. The steel structure elevator shaft frame according to claim 7, characterized in that: An oblong hole is provided on the ear plate.

9. A method for designing a steel structure elevator shaft frame according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Build an elevator shaft model; Step 2: Design the cross-section and material properties of each component; Step 3: Perform linear elastic buckling analysis and inversely calculate the calculated length coefficient μ of the steel frame column (1); Step 4: Set the calculated length coefficient of the steel frame column (1) to μ and perform the stability bearing capacity verification of the elevator shaft frame; Step 5: Assuming that all front steel frame columns (1) except the top layer are unstable and damaged, perform structural stiffness and bearing capacity verification according to the cantilever structure; Step 6: After the cross-section and material properties are designed to meet the requirements, the column foot fixing parts (5), side embedded parts (7), and beam connecting parts (9) are designed and calculated; Step 7: Get the design result.

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