A method for axial clamping of cylindrical parts based on connecting rod mechanism

Abstract

The present invention relates to an axial clamping method for tubular parts based on a connecting rod mechanism, which belongs to the technical field of clamping equipment and solves the problem that the existing clamping device is prone to axial movement and has a low degree of automation. The present invention adopts an axial clamping mechanism with a connecting rod mechanism for clamping, and the axial clamping method comprises: step S1: placing the tubular parts above the V-shaped support plate of the axial clamping mechanism; step S2: the first hydraulic cylinder retracts to drive the V-shaped support plate to move downward; the V-shaped support plate drives the L-shaped clamping plate to clamp the two ends of the tubular parts through the connecting rod mechanism; step S3: locking the connecting rod mechanism through a stepless locking device; maintaining the clamping state of the L-shaped clamping plate on the tubular parts. The present invention realizes the axial automatic clamping of tubular parts and can maintain the stable and reliable clamping state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of axial clamping equipment, and in particular to an axial clamping method for tubular parts based on a connecting rod mechanism. Background Art

[0002] In the field of parts clamping technology, especially for cylindrical parts, when processing their inner cavities, it is often necessary to design specific tooling for clamping.

[0003] However, the existing clamping devices have a low degree of automation and poor clamping effect. During the processing, the parts are prone to movement, resulting in the processing quality failing to meet the requirements. For example, the existing method of clamping the boring holes of thin-walled cylindrical parts uses parallel flexible ropes and arc-shaped washers for clamping, which is prone to the problem of loose parts. In addition, the existing device has a low degree of automation in the clamping process and requires constant manual adjustment of the fixture. In addition, when processing the end face of the part, the part is subjected to the axial force generated by the processing, which is prone to axial movement, affecting the processing accuracy.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a clamping method to achieve automatic clamping of cylindrical parts while ensuring clamping stability. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide an axial clamping method for tubular parts based on a connecting rod mechanism, so as to solve the problems of low automation and easy loosening of existing clamping devices.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is mainly achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] An axial clamping method for a cylindrical part based on a connecting rod mechanism is provided, wherein the axial clamping mechanism having a connecting rod mechanism is used for clamping. The axial clamping method comprises:

[0008] Step S1: placing the cylindrical parts on the V-shaped support plate of the axial clamping mechanism;

[0009] Step S2: The first hydraulic cylinder retracts to drive the V-shaped support plate to move downward; the V-shaped support plate drives the L-shaped clamping plate to clamp at both ends of the cylindrical part through the connecting rod mechanism;

[0010] Step S3: Lock the connecting rod mechanism through the stepless locking device; keep the L-shaped clamping plate clamping the cylindrical part.

[0011] The axial clamping mechanism includes: a V-shaped support plate, an L-shaped clamping plate, and a connecting rod mechanism. The V-shaped support plate is used to support long cylindrical parts; the V-shaped support plate is connected to the L-shaped clamping plate through a connecting rod mechanism; when the V-shaped support plate moves downward, the connecting rod mechanism can drive the L-shaped clamping plate to move, thereby pressing the L-shaped clamping plate against the two ends of the long cylindrical parts; the first stepless locking device is used to lock the connecting rod mechanism.

[0012] Furthermore, the axial clamping mechanism is symmetrically arranged in two groups; the axial clamping mechanism comprises: a V-shaped support plate, an L-shaped clamping plate, a connecting rod mechanism, a stepless locking device and a first hydraulic cylinder.

[0013] Furthermore, the connecting rod mechanism includes: a push rod, a pull rod, a first guide plate, a second guide plate and a push-pull support; the first guide plate and the second guide plate are both fixedly mounted on the bottom plate of the frame, and the two are perpendicular to each other; the L-shaped clamping plate is slidably mounted on the first guide plate, and two push-pull supports are slidably mounted on the second guide plate; two push rods are hingedly mounted below the V-shaped support plate; one end of the two push rods is hinged to the V-shaped support plate, and the other end is hinged to the two push-pull supports respectively; two pull rods are hingedly mounted on both sides of the L-shaped clamping plate; one end of the two pull rods is hinged to the L-shaped clamping plate, and the other end is hinged to the two push-pull supports.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S2, the process of axially clamping the cylindrical part by the L-shaped clamping plate is as follows:

[0015] Step S21: the V-shaped support plate descends, driving the push rod hinged to the V-shaped support plate to deflect, and then the push rod pushes the push-pull support to slide along the second guide plate, so that the two symmetrically arranged push-pull supports move away from each other;

[0016] Step S22: When the two push-pull supports move away from each other, the symmetrically arranged pull rods are driven to rotate relative to the push-pull supports; the angle between the pull rods and the second guide plate is reduced, and the L-shaped clamping plate is pulled to slide along the first guide plate;

[0017] Step S23: Move the two L-shaped clamping plates in front and behind the tubular part toward the V-shaped support plate until the L-shaped clamping plates touch the tubular part, and the movement of the axial clamping mechanism stops.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S22, the stepless locking device is connected between the L-shaped clamping plate and the base of the rack; when the L-shaped clamping plate slides along the first guide rail plate, the stepless locking device is compressed.

[0019] Furthermore, two machine bases are installed on the L-shaped clamping plate and the frame respectively; and two ends of the stepless locking device are hinged to the L-shaped clamping plate and the frame respectively through the machine bases.

[0020] Furthermore, a pressure sensor is installed on the side of the L-shaped clamping plate to monitor whether it is in contact with the end surface of the cylindrical part by monitoring the pressure change on the surface of the L-shaped clamping plate.

[0021] Furthermore, when the L-shaped clamping plate contacts the end surface of the tubular part, the action of the first hydraulic cylinder is controlled to stop.

[0022] Furthermore, in step S2, when the axial clamping mechanism moves, the first pull rod and the second pull rod of the stepless locking device drive the relative displacement of the ratchet rod and the threaded rod; the overall length of the stepless locking device is reduced; the ratchet is displaced along the axial direction of the ratchet rod, and the ratchet switches different ratchet grooves through the compression spring for engagement.

[0023] Furthermore, in step S2, when the axial clamping mechanism stops moving, the ratchet rod and the threaded rod are relatively still.

[0024] The technical solution of the present invention can achieve at least one of the following effects:

[0025] 1. The axial clamping method of the tubular parts based on the connecting rod mechanism of the present invention relies on the hydraulic cylinder and the connecting rod mechanism of the axial clamping mechanism to realize the automatic displacement of the L-shaped clamping plate, thereby realizing the axial automatic clamping, and has a high degree of automation.

[0026] 2. The axial clamping method of tubular parts based on the connecting rod mechanism of the present invention fully utilizes the gravity of the parts themselves and the connecting rod mechanism to achieve axial clamping and fixation of tubular parts. During the end face machining of the parts, the parts do not move axially, which is beneficial to improving the machining accuracy of the parts.

[0027] 3. The axial clamping method of tubular parts based on the connecting rod mechanism of the present invention locks the axial clamping mechanism through a stepless locking device; the stepless locking device utilizes the cooperation of the movable pawl and ratchet rod to overcome the defect that the traditional ratchet locking mechanism can only be locked at a fixed position, thereby realizing stepless locking.

[0028] In the present invention, the above-mentioned technical solutions can also be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combination solutions. Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the subsequent description, and some advantages can become obvious from the description, or can be understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the contents particularly pointed out in the description and the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be considered limiting of the present invention. Like reference symbols denote like components throughout the drawings.

[0030] Figure 1It is a flow chart of the axial clamping method of the cylindrical parts based on the connecting rod mechanism of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the installation state of the axial clamping mechanism in the frame;

[0032] Figure 3 A is the axonometric view of the axial clamping mechanism;

[0033] Figure 4 It is the axonometric view B of the axial clamping mechanism;

[0034] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the stepless locking device;

[0035] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of a stepless locking device;

[0036] Figure 7 A is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the stepless locking device;

[0037] Figure 8 Schematic diagram B of the internal structure of the stepless locking device;

[0038] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram C of the internal structure of the stepless locking device;

[0039] Fig.10 A cross-sectional view of a ratchet rod assembly of a stepless locking device;

[0040] Fig.11 for Fig.10 A partial enlarged view of the H portion of the spinous rod assembly;

[0041] Fig.12 This is an exploded view of the stepless locking device;

[0042] Fig.13 It is a structural schematic diagram of a threaded rod of a stepless locking device;

[0043] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the support plate structure of the stepless locking device;

[0044] Fig.15 A schematic diagram of the ratchet rod structure of the stepless locking device;

[0045] Fig.16 Schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the pawl and the spring of the stepless locking device.

[0046] Reference numerals:

[0047] 1-frame; 2-axial clamping mechanism;

[0048] 21-V-shaped support plate; 22-first hydraulic cylinder; 23-push rod; 24-pull rod; 25-L-shaped clamping plate; 26-first guide plate; 27-second guide plate; 28-push-pull support; 29-stepless locking device; 210-machine base;

[0049] 41-threaded sleeve; 42-first end cover; 43-second end cover; 44-cylindrical pin; 45-support plate; 46-ratchet rod; 47-threaded rod; 48-ratchet; 49-top rod; 410-rocker rod; 411-spring; 412-trapezoidal guide rail; 413-triangular guide groove; 414-ratchet groove; 415-triangular guide rail; 416-cylindrical groove; 417-cylindrical boss; 418-trapezoidal guide groove; 419-ratchet hole; 420-cylindrical through hole; 421-rotating shaft; 422-first pull rod; 423-second pull rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings constitute a part of the present invention and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] A specific embodiment of the present invention provides an axial clamping method for a cylindrical part based on a connecting rod mechanism, see Figure 1 , an axial clamping mechanism 2 having a connecting rod mechanism is used for clamping, and the axial clamping method includes:

[0053] Step S1: placing the cylindrical parts on the V-shaped support plate 21 of the axial clamping mechanism 2;

[0054] Step S2: The first hydraulic cylinder 22 retracts to drive the V-shaped support plate 21 to move downward; the V-shaped support plate 21 drives the L-shaped clamping plate 25 to clamp at both ends of the cylindrical part through the connecting rod mechanism;

[0055] Step S3: Lock the connecting rod mechanism by the stepless locking device 29; and keep the L-shaped clamping plate clamping the cylindrical part.

[0056] 1) The axial clamping mechanism 2 in step S1 is:

[0057] In a specific implementation of the present invention, the axial clamping mechanism 2 is symmetrically arranged in two groups; the axial clamping mechanism 2 includes: a V-shaped support plate 21, an L-shaped clamping plate 25, a connecting rod mechanism, a stepless locking device 29 and a first hydraulic cylinder 22.

[0058] The connecting rod mechanism includes: a push rod 23, a pull rod 24, a first guide plate 26, a second guide plate 27 and a push-pull support 28; the first guide plate 26 and the second guide plate 27 are both fixedly mounted on the bottom plate of the frame 1, and the two are perpendicular to each other; the L-shaped clamping plate 25 is slidably mounted on the first guide plate 26, and two push-pull supports 28 are slidably mounted on the second guide plate 27; two push rods 23 are hingedly mounted below the V-shaped support plate 21; one end of the two push rods 23 is hinged to the V-shaped support plate 21, and the other end is hinged to the two push-pull supports 28 respectively; two pull rods 24 are hingedly mounted on both sides of the L-shaped clamping plate 25; one end of the two pull rods 24 is hinged to the L-shaped clamping plate 25, and the other end is hinged to the two push-pull supports 28.

[0059] 2) Step S2:

[0060] In step S2, the process of axially clamping the cylindrical parts by the L-shaped clamping plate 25 is as follows:

[0061] Step S21: the V-shaped support plate 21 descends, driving the push rod 23 hinged to the V-shaped support plate 21 to deflect, and then the push rod 23 pushes the push-pull support 28 to slide along the second guide plate 27, so that the two symmetrically arranged push-pull supports 28 move away from each other;

[0062] Step S22: When the two push-pull supports 28 move away from each other, the symmetrically arranged pull rods 24 are driven to rotate relative to the push-pull supports 28; the angle between the pull rods 24 and the second guide plate 27 is reduced, and the L-shaped clamping plate 25 is pulled to slide along the first guide plate 26;

[0063] Step S23: Move the two L-shaped clamping plates 25 in front and behind the cylindrical part toward the V-shaped support plate 21 until the L-shaped clamping plates 25 touch the cylindrical part, and the movement of the axial clamping mechanism 2 stops.

[0064] In the step S22 , the stepless locking device 29 is connected between the L-shaped clamping plate 25 and the base of the frame 1 ; when the L-shaped clamping plate 25 slides along the first guide plate 26 , the stepless locking device 29 is compressed.

[0065] Two machine bases 210 are respectively installed on the L-shaped clamping plate 25 and the frame 1; two ends of the stepless locking device 29 are respectively hinged to the L-shaped clamping plate 25 and the frame 1 through the machine bases 210.

[0066] Specifically, a pressure sensor is installed on the side of the L-shaped clamping plate 25 to monitor whether it contacts the end surface of the cylindrical part by monitoring the pressure change on the surface of the L-shaped clamping plate 25. When the L-shaped clamping plate 25 contacts the end surface of the cylindrical part, the action of the first hydraulic cylinder 22 is controlled to stop.

[0067] After the tubular parts are fixed in the axial direction, the tubular parts cannot continue to fall. In the present invention, the axial clamping mechanism 2 uses the weight of the tubular parts to lock the L-shaped clamping plate 25 through the stepless locking device 29, thereby limiting the axial movement of the tubular parts.

[0068] In step S2, when the axial clamping mechanism 2 moves, the first pull rod 422 and the second pull rod 423 of the stepless locking device 29 drive the ratchet rod 46 and the threaded rod 47 to move relative to each other; and the overall length of the stepless locking device 29 is reduced.

[0069] In step S2, when the axial clamping mechanism 2 is clamping the tubular parts, the threaded rod 47 and the ratchet rod 46 of the stepless locking device 29 slide relative to each other, the ratchet 48 is displaced along the axial direction of the ratchet rod 46, and the ratchet 48 engages by switching different ratchet grooves 414 through the compression spring 411.

[0070] In the step S2, when the axial clamping mechanism 2 stops moving, the ratchet rod 46 and the threaded rod 47 are relatively still.

[0071] In step S2, when the stepless locking device 29 is working, when the tubular part is stationary, the threaded rod 47 and the ratchet rod 46 are relatively stationary, but the ratchet 48 that cooperates with the ratchet groove 414 on the ratchet rod 46 may not completely reach the bottom of the ratchet groove 414, that is, the ratchet 48 is not completely aligned with the ratchet groove 414; at this time, the threaded rod 47 and the ratchet rod 46 can still move away from each other, and the inside of the tubular part is being processed, so the tubular part is not completely clamped.

[0072] In step S2, the threaded rod 47 and the threaded sleeve 41 are restricted by the cylindrical pin 44 and cannot move relative to each other, and thus the first end cover 42 and the second end cover 43 are also relatively stationary with the threaded rod 47; at this time, the ratchet rod 46 and the threaded rod 47 are relatively displaced, and the ratchet 48 slides between different ratchet grooves 414, thereby realizing the extension and retraction of the stepless locking device.

[0073] 3) Step S3:

[0074] In step S3, the locking process of the stepless locking device includes:

[0075] Step S31: remove the cylindrical pin 44 from the cylindrical pin hole of the threaded sleeve 41 and the threaded rod 7; unlock the threaded sleeve 41 and the threaded rod 47, so that the threaded sleeve 41 can rotate relative to the threaded rod 47;

[0076] Step S32: the spring 411 drives the pawl mounting assembly to move the pawl 48 relative to the threaded rod 47 and the ratchet rod 46;

[0077] Step S33: After the displacement, the pawl 48 gradually aligns with the pawl groove 414, and then is completely inserted into the pawl groove 414 under the elastic force of the spring 411, thereby locking the connecting rod mechanism.

[0078] like Figure 2 As shown, in the relative sliding stage of the ratchet rod 46 and the threaded rod 47, that is, when the cylindrical pin 44 is limited, since the push rod 49 can only move up and down relative to the support plate 45, the rocker arm 410 is restricted by the support plate 45 and cannot rotate relative to the first end cover 42 and the second end cover 43; therefore, at this time, the rocker arm 410 and the end cover do not deflect relative to each other, the push rod 49 remains stationary, and the displacement of the ratchet 48 is achieved by the compression of the spring 411.

[0079] In step S32, when the position of the pawl 48 is adjusted, the cylindrical pin 44 no longer limits the threaded rod 47 and the threaded sleeve 41, the swing rod 410 can swing, and the component of the lifting force of the push rod 49 on the swing rod 410 serves as the torque for the rotation of the first end cover 42 and the second end cover 43.

[0080] 4) The ratchet position adjustment method in step S32:

[0081] Specifically, in step S32, the position adjustment method of the pawl 48 is:

[0082] Step S321: The elastic force of the spring 411 pushes the push rod 49 to move along the axis direction of the pawl 48, thereby pushing the swing rod 410 to deflect. When the swing rod 410 deflects, it drives the first end cover 42 and the second end cover 43 to rotate, and the threaded sleeve 41 rotates synchronously with the first end cover 42 and the second end cover 43;

[0083] Step S322: the threaded sleeve 41 is displaced relative to the axial direction of the threaded rod 47 when rotating, thereby driving the first end cover 42, the second end cover 43 and the support plate 45 to be displaced relative to the threaded rod 47;

[0084] In step S323 , when the support plate 48 is displaced relative to the threaded rod 47 , the pawl 48 in the pawl hole 419 can be driven to displace synchronously.

[0085] In the step S321, specifically, a spring 411 is arranged between the cylindrical groove 416 of the pawl 48 and the cylindrical boss 417 on the push rod 49, and the elastic force of the spring 411 pushes the push rod 49 away from the pawl 48, and at the same time, the push rod 49 pushes the swing rod 410 to swing, and at the same time, the first end cover 42 and the second end cover 43 hinged thereto rotate, and drive the threaded sleeve 41 fixedly connected to the first end cover 42 and the second end cover 43 to rotate relative to the threaded rod 47; during the rotation of the first end cover 42 and the second end cover 43, the first end cover 42 and the second end cover 43 drive the threaded sleeve 41 to rotate relative to the threaded rod 47, and at the same time, the threaded sleeve 41 moves along the axial direction of the threaded rod 47. During the process, the push rod 49 is always slidably engaged with the pawl 48, and the relative rotation of the threaded sleeve 41 and the threaded rod 47 is achieved through the relative deflection of the swing rod 410 and the push rod 49.

[0086] Specifically, in step S322 , when the threaded sleeve 41 moves axially along the threaded rod 47 , the first end cover 42 and the second end cover 43 push the support plate 45 to slide along the trapezoidal guide rail 412 relative to the threaded rod 47 ; the support plate 45 moves along the trapezoidal guide rail 412 on the threaded rod 47 .

[0087] Specifically, in step S323, under the push of the support plate 45, the pawls 48 arranged in an array also begin to move along the axial direction of the threaded rod 47, adjusting the alignment of the pawl 48 and the pawl groove 414; during the alignment process of the pawl 48 and the pawl groove 414, under the action of the elastic force of the spring 411, the pawl 48 moves along the axial direction of the hole in the pawl hole 419 of the support plate 45 toward the bottom of the pawl groove 414 until the pawl 48 reaches the bottom of the pawl groove 414, the pawl 48 is fully engaged with the pawl groove 414, and the movement stops.

[0088] Furthermore, when the pawl 48 is fully engaged with the pawl groove 414, the spring 411 no longer pushes the push rod 49 and the rocker arm 410 to move, the threaded sleeve 41 can no longer rotate, the support plate 45 can no longer move axially, the threaded rod 47 and the ratchet rod 46 cannot move away from each other, and the workpiece is completely clamped; when the workpiece is clamped, the threaded rod 47 and the ratchet rod 46 cannot move close to each other due to the obstruction of the workpiece, thereby ensuring the stability of the clamping state.

[0089] In the present invention, the locking method is carried out in two stages. The relative sliding of the ratchet rod 46 and the threaded rod 47 is positioned by the pawl 48 to achieve stepless locking in the first stage. The position of the pawl 48 is fine-tuned by the relative rotation of the rocker arm 410 and the threaded sleeve 41 to achieve reliable locking of the relatively stationary ratchet rod 46 and the threaded rod 47.

[0090] The stepless locking device of the present invention is applied to the clamping process of a workpiece by a machine tool in the field of mechanical processing. The clamping mechanism will not continue to move due to the structure of the workpiece. The locking device of the present invention can achieve reverse locking, thereby preventing the clamping mechanism from moving in the opposite direction away from the clamped part, thereby preventing loosening after clamping.

[0091] Example 2

[0092] A specific embodiment of the present invention provides an axial clamping mechanism capable of implementing the axial clamping method of embodiment 1.

[0093] like Figure 2 As shown, the axial clamping mechanism 2 includes: a V-shaped support plate 21, an L-shaped clamping plate 25, a connecting rod mechanism and a stepless locking device 29; the V-shaped support plate 21 is used to support the tubular parts; the V-shaped support plate 21 is connected to the L-shaped clamping plate 25 through a connecting rod mechanism; when the V-shaped support plate 21 moves downward, the connecting rod mechanism can drive the L-shaped clamping plate 25 to move, thereby pressing the L-shaped clamping plate 25 against the two ends of the tubular parts; the stepless locking device 29 is used to lock the connecting rod mechanism.

[0094] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 As shown, two groups of axial clamping mechanisms 2 are symmetrically arranged below the frame 1. The present invention provides two groups of axial clamping mechanisms 2, so that two L-shaped clamping plates 25 can be clamped at both ends of the cylindrical part to prevent axial displacement.

[0095] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the axial clamping mechanism 2 includes: a V-shaped support plate 21, an L-shaped clamping plate 25, a connecting rod mechanism and a stepless locking device 29.

[0096] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the connecting rod mechanism includes: a push rod 23, a pull rod 24, a first guide plate 26, a second guide plate 27 and a push-pull support 28. Specifically, the first guide plate 26 and the second guide plate 27 are fixedly mounted on the bottom plate of the frame 1, and the two are perpendicular to each other; the L-shaped clamping plate 25 is slidably mounted on the first guide plate 26, and two push-pull supports 28 are slidably mounted on the second guide plate 27; two push rods 23 are hingedly mounted below the V-shaped support plate 21; one end of the two push rods 23 is hinged to the V-shaped support plate 21, and the other end is respectively hinged to the two push-pull supports 28; two pull rods 24 are hingedly mounted on both sides of the L-shaped clamping plate 25; one end of the two pull rods 24 is hinged to the L-shaped clamping plate 25, and the other end is respectively hinged to the two push-pull supports 28.

[0097] Specifically, the push rod 23 is symmetrically arranged below the V-shaped support plate 21 , and both ends of the push rod 23 are hingedly connected to the V-shaped support plate 21 and the push-pull support 28 , respectively.

[0098] Specifically, the symmetrically arranged push-pull supports 28 cooperate with the second guide rail plate 27 symmetrically arranged and fixed on the frame 1 through the guide rails and the slide grooves; the push-pull supports 28 can slide relative to the second guide rail plate 27 .

[0099] Specifically, the L-shaped clamping plate 25 is located at the front end of the V-shaped support plate 21 , and cooperates with the first guide rail plate 26 fixed to the frame 1 through the guide rail and the slide groove. The L-shaped clamping plate 25 can slide along the first guide rail plate 26 .

[0100] Specifically, the first guide plate 26 and the second guide plate 27 are perpendicular to each other, and the two pull rods 24 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the L-shaped clamping plate 25 and the first guide plate 26 .

[0101] Specifically, the two ends of the pull rod 24 are respectively hinged to the L-shaped clamping plate 25 and the push-pull support 28, and the two ends of the stepless locking device 29 are respectively hinged to the L-shaped clamping plate 25 and the bottom plate of the frame 1. Figure 2 As shown, two machine bases 210 are respectively installed on the L-shaped clamping plate 25 and the frame 1; the two ends of the stepless locking device 29 are respectively hinged to the L-shaped clamping plate 25 and the frame 1 through the machine bases 210.

[0102] In the present invention, two push rods 23, two push-pull supports 28 and the second guide plate 27 form a set of triangular motion mechanisms in the vertical direction. When the V-shaped support plate 21 moves downward, the angle between the two push rods 23 and the second guide plate 27 gradually decreases. At the same time, the two push rods 23 push the two push-pull supports 28 to slide along the second guide plate 27. During the sliding, the two push-pull supports 28 move away from each other.

[0103] In the present invention, two tie rods 24, two push-pull supports 28 and the second guide plate 27 form a triangular motion mechanism in the horizontal direction; when the two push-pull supports 28 move away from each other, the angle between the two tie rods 24 and the second guide plate 27 decreases; then, the two tie rods 24 drive the L-shaped clamping plate 25 to slide along the first guide plate 26 and move toward the direction close to the second guide plate 27. The two axial clamping mechanisms 2 are symmetrically arranged, and when the L-shaped clamping plate 25 moves toward the direction close to the second guide plate 27, the two L-shaped clamping plates 25 gradually approach the two end faces of the cylindrical part until it is clamped and fixed in the axial direction.

[0104] Furthermore, the axial clamping mechanism 2 further includes: a first hydraulic cylinder 22; the first hydraulic cylinder 22 is arranged below the V-shaped support plate 21, and is used to support the V-shaped support plate 21. Specifically, four first hydraulic cylinders 22 are arranged below the V-shaped support plate 21. Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the V-shaped support plate 21 is located below the barrel parts, and four first hydraulic cylinders 22 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the V-shaped support plate 21. One end of the first hydraulic cylinder 22 is hinged to the V-shaped support plate 21, and the other end is fixedly connected to the frame 1.

[0105] Furthermore, the first hydraulic cylinder 22 is gradually compressed during the downward movement of the V-shaped support plate 21 , and the first hydraulic cylinder 22 can buffer the downward movement speed of the cylinder-like parts and the V-shaped support plate 21 .

[0106] Furthermore, the first hydraulic cylinder 22 can be replaced by an elastic telescopic rod, which belongs to the same concept of the present invention and falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0107] In the present invention, the stepless locking device 29 is arranged perpendicular to the second guide plate 27; in the process of the L-shaped clamping plate 25 clamping the tubular parts, the L-shaped clamping plate 25 is displaced along the first guide plate 26 toward the direction of the stepless locking device 29, compressing the stepless locking device 29; when the displacement of the L-shaped clamping plate 25 stops, the stepless locking device 29 is no longer compressed and cannot be extended, and the L-shaped clamping plate 25 is locked and positioned by the stepless locking device 29.

[0108] The following describes the structural composition and working principle of the stepless locking device:

[0109] like Figure 5-Figure 16 As shown, the stepless locking device 29 includes a ratchet rod 46 , a threaded rod 47 , a pawl 48 and a spring 411 .

[0110] Specifically, the ratchet rod 46 is slidably installed inside the threaded rod 47; a plurality of parallel ratchet grooves 414 are provided on the ratchet rod 46; the ratchet 48 can be inserted into the ratchet groove 414 of the ratchet rod 46; when the ratchet rod 46 and the threaded rod 47 slide relative to each other, the ratchet 48 can switch different ratchet grooves 414 for engagement; through the expansion and contraction of the spring 411, the ratchet 48 can be inserted into the ratchet groove 414 or slide out of the ratchet groove 414; when the ratchet 48 slides relative to the ratchet rod 46, it can only slide in one direction and cannot slide in the opposite direction, and stepless locking is achieved through the cooperation of the movable ratchet 48 and the ratchet rod 46.

[0111] Furthermore, if Figure 6 As shown, the stepless locking device 29 further includes: a threaded sleeve 41 , a first end cover 42 , a second end cover 43 , a support plate 45 , a push rod 49 and a swing rod 410 .

[0112] Furthermore, if Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig.12As shown, both upper and lower sides of the ratchet rod 46 are provided with ratchet grooves 414 arranged in an array; the ratchet 48, the push rod 49, the swing rod 410 and the support plate 45 are symmetrically arranged in two groups on the upper and lower sides of the ratchet rod 46, and the ratchet 48 cooperates with the ratchet groove 414. The push rod 49 is symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the ratchet rod 46, and the push rod 49 is provided with cylindrical bosses 417 arranged in an array, and the spring 411 is located between the cylindrical groove 416 and the cylindrical boss 417. The swing rod 410 is centrally symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the ratchet rod 46, and is rotatably mounted on the second end cover 43 and is hingedly connected to the push rod 49.

[0113] Specifically, the threaded rod 47 is sleeved inside the threaded sleeve 41 and is screwed to the threaded sleeve 41 through threads; Figure 7 , Fig.13 As shown, the outer side of the threaded rod 47 is provided with an external thread; correspondingly, the inner wall of the threaded sleeve 41 is provided with an internal thread; the threaded rod 47 and the threaded sleeve 41 are screwed together through the external thread and the internal thread, and when the two rotate relative to each other, relative movement along the axial direction can occur.

[0114] Specifically, a plurality of pawl holes 419 arranged in a row are provided on the support plate 45; the pawl 48 is slidably installed in the pawl hole 419 of the support plate 45; Fig.10 , Fig.14 shown.

[0115] Specifically, Fig.11 , Fig.16 As shown, the spring 411 is installed between the pawl 48 and the push rod 49 ; the spring 411 can push the pawl 48 to slide in the pawl hole 419 , and can push the push rod 49 to move along the axial direction of the pawl hole 419 .

[0116] like Figure 5 As shown, a first end cover 42 and a second end cover 43 are fixedly mounted on both ends of the threaded sleeve 41 .

[0117] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, one side of the swing rod 410 is hingedly mounted with the top rod 49, and the other side is rotatably mounted between the first end cover 42 and the second end cover 43. Figure 8 , Fig. 9 As shown, a rotating shaft 421 is provided at both ends of the swing rod 410, and two cylindrical through holes 420 are provided on the first end cover 42 and the second end cover 43; the two swing rods 410 are rotatably installed in the cylindrical through holes 420 of the first end cover 42 and the second end cover 43 through the rotating shaft 421.

[0118] Specifically, the swing rod 410 is a rectangular plate-shaped structure, and the angle between the swing rod 410 and the support plate 45 is an acute angle.

[0119] Specifically, Figure 8 , Fig.10 As shown, the support plate 45 is slidably installed above the threaded rod 47, and the two ends of the support plate 45 are in contact with the first end cover 42 and the second end cover 43 respectively; the two ends of the support plate 45 are abutted against the first end cover 42 and the second end cover 43, and then the displacement of the end cover can push the support plate 45 to slide along the axial direction of the threaded rod 47.

[0120] During implementation, when the push rod 49 is displaced relative to the support plate 45, the rocker rod 410 can push the threaded sleeve 41 to rotate relative to the threaded rod 47; when the threaded sleeve 41 rotates relative to the threaded rod 47, the threaded sleeve 41 can be displaced relative to the threaded rod 47 along the axial direction of the threaded rod 47; when the threaded sleeve 41 is displaced relative to the threaded rod 47, the first end cover 42 and the second end cover 43 can be simultaneously driven to displace relative to the threaded rod 47; the first end cover 42 and the second end cover 43 can push the support plate 45 and the pawl 48 installed on the support plate 45 to displace along the axial direction of the threaded rod 47; and then the degree of engagement between the pawl 48 and the pawl groove 414 can be adjusted through the displacement of the pawl 48.

[0121] Furthermore, if Figure 5 As shown, the stepless locking device 29 further includes: a first pull rod 422 and a second pull rod 423; the first pull rod 422 is fixedly connected to the ratchet rod 46; and the threaded rod 47 is fixedly connected to the second pull rod 423. The first pull rod 422 and the second pull rod 423 are used to realize the connection between the stepless locking device and other components.

[0122] Furthermore, if Figure 5 As shown, a cylindrical pin 44 is arranged between the threaded rod 47 and the threaded sleeve 41; the cylindrical pin 44 is arranged perpendicular to the axis of the threaded rod 47; the cylindrical pin 44 can be inserted into the pin holes of the threaded sleeve 41 and the threaded rod 47 at the same time, thereby realizing the position limitation of the threaded sleeve 41 and the threaded rod 47. The outer side of the threaded rod 47 is provided with threads and cylindrical pin holes, and the cylindrical pin 44 cooperates with the cylindrical pin holes of the threaded sleeve 41 and the cylindrical pin holes of the threaded rod 47. By inserting or pulling out the cylindrical pin 44, the threaded sleeve 41 and the threaded rod 47 can be locked and unlocked.

[0123] Furthermore, if Figure 6 , Fig.13 As shown, two symmetrical trapezoidal guide rails 412 are arranged above the threaded rod 47 ; a trapezoidal guide groove 418 is arranged below the support plate 45 ; the support plate 45 is slidably mounted on the trapezoidal guide rails 412 of the threaded rod 47 through the trapezoidal guide groove 418 .

[0124] Furthermore, if Figure 8 , Fig.13 , Fig.15As shown, triangular guide rails 415 are provided on the left and right sides of the ratchet rod 46, and the threaded rod 47 is a symmetrical structure; a triangular guide groove 413 is provided on the inner side of the threaded rod 47; the ratchet rod 46 cooperates with the triangular guide groove 413 of the threaded rod 47 through the triangular guide rails 415 provided on both sides thereof, so that the ratchet rod 46 can slide relative to the threaded rod 47.

[0125] Furthermore, if Fig.11 , Fig.16 As shown, the upper end surface of the pawl 48 is provided with a cylindrical groove 416 along its own axial direction; a plurality of cylindrical bosses 417 are provided on the top rod 49; the cylindrical boss 417 is slidably installed in the cylindrical groove 416; the spring 411 is installed in the cylindrical groove 416 and is arranged between the cylindrical boss 417 and the pawl 48.

[0126] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by this embodiment has at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0127] 1. The present invention realizes the fixation of the axial direction of the tubular parts through the axial clamping mechanism. Under the action of the axial clamping mechanism, the lateral direction of the tubular parts is fixed, and the automatic clamping of the tubular parts is fully realized.

[0128] 2. The stepless locking mechanism in the present invention cleverly overcomes the shortcoming that the traditional ratchet locking mechanism can only stop and lock at a specific position, and realizes the stop and lock at any position, so that the cylindrical parts can be completely clamped.

[0129] 3. The present invention makes full use of the gravity of the cylindrical parts themselves to achieve the fixation of the cylindrical parts in the axial direction, and when locking, the spring force is used to achieve automatic locking of the stepless locking device, thereby improving the level of automation.

[0130] 4. The present invention realizes relative displacement of the threaded sleeve 41 and the threaded rod 47 by setting the threaded cooperation between the two. At the same time, the spring 411 promotes the interlocking movement of the push rod 49, the rocker arm 410, the threaded sleeve 41 and the support plate 45 to fine-tune the position of the pawl 48 to ensure the complete engagement of the pawl 48 and the pawl groove 414, thereby ensuring the locking reliability of the stepless locking device.

[0131] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for axially clamping a cylindrical part based on a connecting rod mechanism, characterized in that: An axial clamping mechanism (2) having a connecting rod mechanism is used for clamping; The axial clamping mechanism (2) is symmetrically arranged in two groups; the axial clamping mechanism (2) comprises: a V-shaped support plate (21), an L-shaped clamping plate (25), a connecting rod mechanism, a stepless locking device (29) and a first hydraulic cylinder (22); The V-shaped support plate (21) is used to support the long cylindrical part; the V-shaped support plate (21) is connected to the L-shaped clamping plate (25) via a connecting rod mechanism; when the V-shaped support plate (21) moves downward, the connecting rod mechanism can drive the L-shaped clamping plate (25) to move, thereby causing the L-shaped clamping plate (25) to be pressed against both ends of the long cylindrical part; the stepless locking device (29) is used to lock the connecting rod mechanism; The connecting rod mechanism comprises: a push rod (23), a pull rod (24), a first guide plate (26), a second guide plate (27) and a push-pull support (28); the first guide plate (26) and the second guide plate (27) are both fixedly mounted on the bottom plate of the frame (1), and the two are perpendicular to each other; the L-shaped clamping plate (25) is slidably mounted on the first guide plate (26), and two push-pull supports (28) are slidably mounted on the second guide plate (27); two push rods (23) are hingedly mounted below the V-shaped support plate (21); one end of the two push rods (23) is hingedly connected to the V-shaped support plate (21), and the other end is respectively hingedly connected to the two push-pull supports (28); two pull rods (24) are hingedly mounted on both sides of the L-shaped clamping plate (25); one end of the two pull rods (24) is hingedly connected to the L-shaped clamping plate (25), and the other end is hingedly connected to the two push-pull supports (28); The axial clamping method comprises: Step S1: placing the cylindrical part on top of the V-shaped support plate (21) of the axial clamping mechanism (2); Step S2: the first hydraulic cylinder (22) retracts to drive the V-shaped support plate (21) to move downward; the V-shaped support plate (21) drives the L-shaped clamping plate (25) to clamp at both ends of the cylindrical part through a connecting rod mechanism; Step S3: Lock the connecting rod mechanism by means of the stepless locking device (29); and maintain the clamping state of the L-shaped clamping plate on the cylindrical part.

2. The axial clamping method of cylindrical parts based on the connecting rod mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S2, the method of axially clamping the cylindrical part by the L-shaped clamping plate (25) is as follows: Step S21: the V-shaped support plate (21) descends, driving the push rod (23) hingedly connected to the V-shaped support plate (21) to deflect, and then the push rod (23) pushes the push-pull support (28) to slide along the second guide plate (27), so that the two symmetrically arranged push-pull supports (28) move away from each other; Step S22: When the two push-pull supports (28) move away from each other, the symmetrically arranged pull rods (24) are driven to rotate relative to the push-pull supports (28); the angle between the pull rods (24) and the second guide plate (27) decreases, and at the same time, the L-shaped clamping plate (25) is pulled to slide along the first guide plate (26); Step S23: The two L-shaped clamping plates (25) in front and behind the cylindrical part are moved in a direction close to the V-shaped support plate (21) until the L-shaped clamping plates (25) touch the cylindrical part, and the movement of the axial clamping mechanism (2) stops.

3. The axial clamping method of cylindrical parts based on the connecting rod mechanism according to claim 2 is characterized in that: In the step S22, the stepless locking device (29) is connected between the L-shaped clamping plate (25) and the base of the frame (1); when the L-shaped clamping plate (25) slides along the first guide plate (26), the stepless locking device (29) is compressed.

4. The axial clamping method of a cylindrical part based on a connecting rod mechanism according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Two machine bases (210) are respectively installed on the L-shaped clamping plate (25) and the machine frame (1); and two ends of the stepless locking device (29) are respectively hinged to the L-shaped clamping plate (25) and the machine frame (1) through the machine bases (210).

5. The axial clamping method of a cylindrical part based on a connecting rod mechanism according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The pressure sensor is mounted on the side of the L-shaped clamp (25).

6. The axial clamping method of a cylindrical part based on a connecting rod mechanism according to claim 5 is characterized in that: In step S23, the pressure change on the surface of the L-shaped clamping plate (25) is monitored to determine whether it is in contact with the end surface of the cylindrical part.

7. The axial clamping method of a cylindrical part based on a connecting rod mechanism according to claim 6 is characterized in that: When the L-shaped clamping plate (25) contacts the end surface of the cylindrical part, the action of the first hydraulic cylinder (22) stops.

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