A stepless axial clamping mechanism based on connecting rod mechanism

Abstract

The present invention relates to a stepless axial clamping mechanism based on a connecting rod mechanism, which belongs to the technical field of clamping equipment and solves the problem that the existing axial clamping device is easy to loosen and has a low degree of automation. The present invention comprises: a V-shaped support plate, an L-shaped clamping plate, a connecting rod mechanism and a first stepless locking device; the V-shaped support plate is used to support long cylindrical parts; the V-shaped support plate is connected to the L-shaped clamping plate through a connecting rod mechanism; when the V-shaped support plate moves downward, the connecting rod mechanism can drive the L-shaped clamping plate to move, thereby pressing the L-shaped clamping plate against the two ends of the long cylindrical parts; the first stepless locking device is used to lock the connecting rod mechanism. The present invention realizes the automatic clamping of long cylindrical parts and can maintain the stable and reliable clamping state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of clamping equipment, and in particular to a stepless axial clamping mechanism based on a connecting rod mechanism. Background Art

[0002] In the field of parts clamping technology, especially for long cylindrical parts, when processing their inner cavities, it is often necessary to design specific tooling for clamping.

[0003] However, the existing clamping devices have a low degree of automation and poor clamping effect. During the processing, the parts are prone to movement, resulting in the processing quality failing to meet the requirements. For example, the existing method of clamping the holes of thin-walled long cylindrical parts uses parallel flexible ropes and arc-shaped washers for clamping, which is prone to the problem of parts loosening. In addition, the existing device has a low degree of automation in the clamping process and requires constant manual adjustment of the fixture.

[0004] When processing the end faces of long cylindrical parts, the long cylindrical parts bear axial pressure and are prone to axial movement.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an axial clamping device to clamp long cylindrical parts, improve the degree of automation and avoid axial movement of the parts. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a stepless axial clamping mechanism based on a connecting rod mechanism to solve the problems of the existing clamping device being prone to axial movement and having a low degree of automation.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is mainly achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A stepless axial clamping mechanism based on a connecting rod mechanism comprises: two groups of symmetrically arranged axial clamping mechanisms, the axial clamping mechanism comprising: a V-shaped support plate, an L-shaped clamping plate, a connecting rod mechanism and a first stepless locking device; the V-shaped support plate is used to support long cylindrical parts; the V-shaped support plate is connected to the L-shaped clamping plate through a connecting rod mechanism; when the V-shaped support plate moves downward, the connecting rod mechanism can drive the L-shaped clamping plate to move, thereby pressing the L-shaped clamping plate against the two ends of the long cylindrical parts; the first stepless locking device is used to lock the connecting rod mechanism.

[0009] Furthermore, the connecting rod mechanism includes: a push rod, a pull rod, a first guide rail plate, a second guide rail plate and a push-pull support.

[0010] Furthermore, the first guide rail plate and the second guide rail plate are both fixedly mounted on the bottom plate of the rack, and the two are perpendicular to each other.

[0011] Furthermore, the L-shaped clamping plate is slidably mounted on the first guide rail plate, and the push-pull support is slidably mounted on the second guide rail plate; the V-shaped support plate and the push-pull support are connected via the push rod; one end of the push rod is hinged to the V-shaped support plate, and the other end is hinged to the push-pull support; one end of the pull rod is hinged to the L-shaped clamping plate, and the other end is hinged to the push-pull support.

[0012] Furthermore, the push rod, the pull rod, and the push-pull support are symmetrically arranged in pairs.

[0013] Furthermore, the two push rods, the two push-pull supports, the V-shaped support plate and the second guide plate form a trapezoidal structure; when the V-shaped support plate moves downward, the push rod can push the push-pull support to slide along the second guide plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the two pull rods, the two push-pull supports, the L-shaped clamping plate and the second guide plate form a trapezoidal structure; when the push-pull support slides along the second guide plate, the pull rod can pull the L-shaped clamping plate to slide along the first guide plate.

[0015] Furthermore, two machine bases are respectively installed on the L-shaped clamping plate and the frame.

[0016] Furthermore, two ends of the first stepless locking device are respectively hinged to the L-shaped clamping plate and the frame through the machine base.

[0017] Specifically, two groups of the axial clamping mechanisms are symmetrically arranged below the frame, and are used to clamp and fix the two ends of the long cylindrical parts.

[0018] Specifically, the axial clamping mechanism further includes: a first hydraulic cylinder; the first hydraulic cylinder is arranged below the V-shaped support plate and is used to support the V-shaped support plate.

[0019] Exemplarily, two, four, six or eight first hydraulic cylinders are symmetrically arranged below the V-shaped support plate.

[0020] Specifically, the first stepless locking device includes: a ratchet rod, a threaded rod, a pawl and a spring; the ratchet rod is slidably installed with the threaded rod; the ratchet rod is provided with a plurality of parallel pawl grooves; the pawl can be inserted into the pawl groove of the ratchet rod; when the ratchet rod and the threaded rod slide relatively, the pawl can switch to different pawl grooves for engagement; through the expansion and contraction of the spring, the pawl can be inserted into the pawl groove or slide out of the pawl groove.

[0021] Specifically, the first stepless locking device further comprises: a threaded sleeve, a first end cover, a second end cover, a support plate, a push rod and a swing rod; the threaded rod is sleeved inside the threaded sleeve and is screwed to the threaded sleeve through a thread; a plurality of pawl holes for installing the pawl are provided on the support plate, and the pawl is slidably installed in the pawl holes; the spring is installed between the pawl and the push rod; the spring can push the pawl to slide in the pawl hole, and can push the push rod to move along the axial direction of the pawl hole;

[0022] The first end cover and the second end cover are fixedly installed at both ends of the threaded sleeve; the push rod is hingedly installed on one side of the swing rod, and the other side is rotatably installed between the first end cover and the second end cover; when the push rod is displaced relative to the support plate, the threaded sleeve can be pushed to rotate relative to the threaded rod through the swing rod.

[0023] The support plate is slidably installed above the threaded rod, and the two ends of the support plate are respectively in contact with the first end cover and the second end cover; when the threaded sleeve rotates relative to the threaded rod, the threaded sleeve can be displaced relative to the threaded rod along the axial direction of the threaded rod; and thus can push the support plate to be displaced.

[0024] When the threaded sleeve is displaced relative to the threaded rod, the first end cover and the second end cover can be driven to displace relative to the threaded rod at the same time; the first end cover and the second end cover can push the support plate and the pawl installed on the support plate to displace along the axial direction of the threaded rod; when the pawl is displaced, the degree of engagement between itself and the pawl groove can be adjusted.

[0025] Specifically, the first stepless locking device further includes: a first pull rod and a second pull rod; the first pull rod is fixedly connected to the ratchet rod; and the threaded rod is fixedly connected to the second pull rod.

[0026] Specifically, a cylindrical pin is arranged between the threaded rod and the threaded sleeve; the cylindrical pin is arranged perpendicular to the axis of the threaded rod; the cylindrical pin can be inserted into the pin holes of the threaded sleeve and the threaded rod at the same time, thereby limiting the threaded sleeve and the threaded rod. When the cylindrical pin limits the threaded rod and the threaded sleeve, the two cannot rotate relative to each other; when the cylindrical pin unlocks the threaded rod and the threaded sleeve, the two can rotate relative to each other.

[0027] Specifically, two symmetrical trapezoidal guide rails are arranged above the threaded rod; a trapezoidal guide groove is arranged below the support plate; and the support plate is slidably mounted on the trapezoidal guide rails of the threaded rod through the trapezoidal guide groove.

[0028] Specifically, triangular guide rails are provided on the left and right sides of the ratchet rod; a triangular guide groove is provided on the inner side of the threaded rod; and the ratchet rod is slidably installed in the triangular guide groove of the threaded rod through the triangular guide rails.

[0029] Specifically, the upper end surface of the pawl is provided with a cylindrical groove along its own axial direction; the push rod is provided with a plurality of cylindrical bosses; the cylindrical bosses are slidably installed in the cylindrical grooves; the spring is installed in the cylindrical grooves and is arranged between the cylindrical bosses and the pawl.

[0030] Specifically, the ratchet rod is provided with ratchet grooves on both the upper and lower sides; the ratchet, the top rod, the swing rod and the support plate are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the ratchet rod. The included angle between the swing rod and the support plate is an acute angle.

[0031] Specifically, two ends of the swing rod are provided with a rotating shaft, and the first end cover and the second end cover are each provided with two cylindrical through holes; the two swing rods are rotatably installed in the cylindrical through holes of the first end cover and the second end cover through the rotating shaft.

[0032] A clamping device for long cylindrical parts comprises the above-mentioned stepless axial clamping mechanism and longitudinal clamping mechanism; the longitudinal clamping mechanism can be pressed tightly on the top of the long cylindrical parts.

[0033] The technical solution of the present invention can achieve at least one of the following effects:

[0034] 1. The stepless axial clamping mechanism based on the connecting rod mechanism of the present invention relies on the V-shaped support plate and the first hydraulic cylinder of the axial clamping mechanism to achieve the vertical displacement of the part, and realizes the axial positioning of the part by driving the L-shaped clamping plate to move through the connecting rod mechanism while the part is vertically displaced, and has a high degree of automation.

[0035] 2. The stepless axial clamping mechanism based on the connecting rod mechanism of the present invention fully utilizes the weight of the parts themselves and the connecting rod mechanism to achieve all-round clamping and fixation of long cylindrical parts, and can ensure that the parts do not move during the processing, which is beneficial to improving the processing accuracy of the parts.

[0036] 3. The stepless axial clamping mechanism based on the connecting rod mechanism of the present invention locks the axial clamping mechanism through a stepless locking device; the stepless locking device utilizes the cooperation of the movable pawl and ratchet rod to overcome the defect that the traditional ratchet locking mechanism can only be locked at a fixed position, thereby realizing stepless locking.

[0037] In the present invention, the above-mentioned technical solutions can also be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combination solutions. Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the subsequent description, and some advantages can become obvious from the description, or can be understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the contents particularly pointed out in the description and the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] The drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be considered limiting of the present invention. Like reference symbols denote like components throughout the drawings.

[0039] Figure 1 A is an axonometric view of the axial clamping mechanism of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 FIG. B is an axonometric view of the axial clamping mechanism of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the stepless locking device of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the stepless locking device of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 A is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the stepless locking device of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 6 Schematic diagram B of the internal structure of the stepless locking device of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 7 Schematic diagram C of the internal structure of the stepless locking device of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 8 A cross-sectional view of a ratchet rod assembly of a stepless locking device of the present invention;

[0047] Fig. 9 for Fig.12 A partial enlarged view of the H portion of the spinous rod assembly;

[0048] Fig.10 is an exploded view of the stepless locking device of the present invention;

[0049] Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the threaded rod of the stepless locking device of the present invention;

[0050] Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of a support plate of the stepless locking device of the present invention;

[0051] Fig.13 It is a structural schematic diagram of the ratchet rod of the stepless locking device of the present invention;

[0052] Fig.14 A schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the pawl and the spring of the stepless locking device of the present invention;

[0053] Fig.15 This is a schematic diagram of a clamping state of a stepless clamping device for long cylindrical parts according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0054] Fig.16 This is a schematic diagram of the installation status of the axial clamping mechanism of Example 1 of the present invention in the frame.

[0055] Reference numerals:

[0056] 1-frame; 2-axial clamping mechanism; 3-longitudinal clamping mechanism; 12-long cylindrical parts;

[0057] 21-V-shaped support plate; 22-first hydraulic cylinder; 23-push rod; 24-pull rod; 25-L-shaped clamping plate; 26-first guide plate; 27-second guide plate; 28-push-pull support; 29-first stepless locking device; 210-machine base;

[0058] 41-threaded sleeve; 42-first end cover; 43-second end cover; 44-cylindrical pin; 45-support plate; 46-ratchet rod; 47-threaded rod; 48-ratchet; 49-top rod; 410-rocker rod; 411-spring; 412-trapezoidal guide rail; 413-triangular guide groove; 414-ratchet groove; 415-triangular guide rail; 416-cylindrical groove; 417-cylindrical boss; 418-trapezoidal guide groove; 419-ratchet hole; 420-cylindrical through hole; 421-rotating shaft; 422-first pull rod; 423-second pull rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings constitute a part of the present invention and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0060] Example 1

[0061] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, two groups of symmetrically arranged axial clamping mechanisms 2; the axial clamping mechanism 2 comprises: a V-shaped support plate 21, an L-shaped clamping plate 25, a connecting rod mechanism and a first stepless locking device 29. The V-shaped support plate 21 is used to support the long cylindrical part 12; the V-shaped support plate 21 is connected to the L-shaped clamping plate 25 through a connecting rod mechanism; when the V-shaped support plate 21 moves downward, the connecting rod mechanism can drive the L-shaped clamping plate 25 to move, thereby pressing the L-shaped clamping plate 25 against the two ends of the long cylindrical part 12; the first stepless locking device 29 is used to lock the connecting rod mechanism.

[0062] Specifically, Fig.16 As shown, two groups of axial clamping mechanisms 2 are symmetrically arranged below the frame 1 to clamp and fix the two ends of the long cylindrical parts 12.

[0063] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the connecting rod mechanism includes: a push rod 23, a pull rod 24, a first guide plate 26, a second guide plate 27 and a push-pull support 28. Specifically, the first guide plate 26 and the second guide plate 27 are fixedly mounted on the bottom plate of the frame 1, and the two are perpendicular to each other; the L-shaped clamping plate 25 is slidably mounted on the first guide plate 26, and two push-pull supports 28 are slidably mounted on the second guide plate 27; two push rods 23 are hingedly mounted below the V-shaped support plate 21; one end of the two push rods 23 is hinged to the V-shaped support plate 21, and the other end is respectively hinged to the two push-pull supports 28; two pull rods 24 are hingedly mounted on both sides of the L-shaped clamping plate 25; one end of the two pull rods 24 is hinged to the L-shaped clamping plate 25, and the other end is respectively hinged to the two push-pull supports 28.

[0064] The present invention provides two sets of axial clamping mechanisms 2 so that two L-shaped clamping plates 25 can be clamped at both ends of the long cylindrical part 12 to prevent axial displacement.

[0065] During implementation, the long cylindrical part is placed above the axial clamping mechanism 2, and the long cylindrical part 12 is supported by the V-shaped support plate 21. In the process of the V-shaped support plate 21 moving downward under the gravity of the part, the L-shaped clamping plate 25 can be driven by the connecting rod mechanism to move toward the direction of the long cylindrical part 12, and the axial clamping mechanism 2 limits the long cylindrical part 12 in the axial direction through the L-shaped clamping plate 25; Figure 1 shown.

[0066] Specifically, the push rod 23 is symmetrically arranged below the V-shaped support plate 21 , and both ends of the push rod 23 are hingedly connected to the V-shaped support plate 21 and the push-pull support 28 , respectively.

[0067] Specifically, the symmetrically arranged push-pull supports 28 cooperate with the second guide rail plate 27 symmetrically arranged and fixed on the frame 1 through the guide rails and the slide grooves; the push-pull supports 28 can slide relative to the second guide rail plate 27 .

[0068] Specifically, the L-shaped clamping plate 25 is located at the front end of the V-shaped support plate 21 , and cooperates with the first guide rail plate 26 fixed to the frame 1 through the guide rail and the slide groove. The L-shaped clamping plate 25 can slide along the first guide rail plate 26 .

[0069] Specifically, the first guide plate 26 and the second guide plate 27 are perpendicular to each other, and the two pull rods 24 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the L-shaped clamping plate 25 and the first guide plate 26 .

[0070] Specifically, the two ends of the pull rod 24 are respectively hinged to the L-shaped clamping plate 25 and the push-pull support 28, and the two ends of the first stepless locking device 29 are respectively hinged to the L-shaped clamping plate 25 and the bottom plate of the frame 1. Figure 2 As shown, two machine bases 210 are respectively installed on the L-shaped clamping plate 25 and the frame 1; two ends of the first stepless locking device 29 are respectively hinged to the L-shaped clamping plate 25 and the frame 1 through the machine bases 210.

[0071] In the present invention, two push rods 23, two push-pull supports 28 and the second guide plate 27 form a set of trapezoidal motion mechanisms in the vertical direction. When the V-shaped support plate 21 moves downward, the angle between the two push rods 23 and the second guide plate 27 gradually decreases. At the same time, the two push rods 23 push the two push-pull supports 28 to slide along the second guide plate 27. During the sliding, the two push-pull supports 28 move away from each other.

[0072] In the present invention, two tie rods 24, two push-pull supports 28 and the second guide plate 27 form a trapezoidal motion mechanism in the horizontal direction; when the two push-pull supports 28 move away from each other, the angle between the two tie rods 24 and the second guide plate 27 decreases; then, the two tie rods 24 drive the L-shaped clamping plate 25 to slide along the first guide plate 26 and move toward the direction close to the second guide plate 27. The two axial clamping mechanisms 2 are symmetrically arranged, and when the L-shaped clamping plate 25 moves toward the direction close to the second guide plate 27, the two L-shaped clamping plates 25 gradually approach the two end faces of the long cylindrical part 12 until it is clamped and fixed in the axial direction.

[0073] Specifically, a pressure sensor is installed on the side of the L-shaped clamping plate 25 to monitor whether it contacts the end surface of the cylindrical part by monitoring the pressure change on the surface of the L-shaped clamping plate 25. When the L-shaped clamping plate 25 contacts the end surface of the cylindrical part, the action of the first hydraulic cylinder 22 is controlled to stop.

[0074] Furthermore, the axial clamping mechanism 2 further includes: a first hydraulic cylinder 22; the first hydraulic cylinder 22 is arranged below the V-shaped support plate 21, and is used to support the V-shaped support plate 21. Specifically, four first hydraulic cylinders 22 are arranged below the V-shaped support plate 21. Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the V-shaped support plate 21 is located below the long cylindrical part 12, and four first hydraulic cylinders 22 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the V-shaped support plate 21. One end of the first hydraulic cylinder 22 is hinged to the V-shaped support plate 21, and the other end is fixedly connected to the frame 1.

[0075] Furthermore, the first hydraulic cylinder 22 is gradually compressed during the downward movement of the V-shaped support plate 21 , and the first hydraulic cylinder 22 can buffer the downward movement speed of the long cylindrical part 12 and the V-shaped support plate 21 .

[0076] Furthermore, the first hydraulic cylinder 22 can be replaced by an elastic telescopic rod, which belongs to the same concept of the present invention and falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0077] In the present invention, the first stepless locking device 29 is arranged perpendicular to the second guide plate 27; in the process of the L-shaped clamping plate 25 clamping the long cylindrical part 12, the L-shaped clamping plate 25 is displaced along the first guide plate 26 toward the direction of the first stepless locking device 29, compressing the first stepless locking device 29; when the displacement of the L-shaped clamping plate 25 stops, the first stepless locking device 29 is no longer compressed and cannot be extended, and the L-shaped clamping plate 25 is locked and positioned by the first stepless locking device 29.

[0078] The structural composition and working principle of the first stepless locking device 29 are described below:

[0079] like Figure 3-Figure 14 As shown, the first stepless locking device 29 includes: a ratchet rod 46 , a threaded rod 47 , a pawl 48 and a spring 411 .

[0080] Specifically, the ratchet rod 46 is slidably installed inside the threaded rod 47; a plurality of parallel ratchet grooves 414 are provided on the ratchet rod 46; the ratchet 48 can be inserted into the ratchet groove 414 of the ratchet rod 46; when the ratchet rod 46 and the threaded rod 47 slide relative to each other, the ratchet 48 can switch different ratchet grooves 414 for engagement; through the expansion and contraction of the spring 411, the ratchet 48 can be inserted into the ratchet groove 414 or slide out of the ratchet groove 414; when the ratchet 48 slides relative to the ratchet rod 46, it can only slide in one direction and cannot slide in the opposite direction, and stepless locking is achieved through the cooperation of the movable ratchet 48 and the ratchet rod 46.

[0081] Furthermore, if Figure 4 As shown, the first stepless locking device 29 further includes: a threaded sleeve 41 , a first end cover 42 , a second end cover 43 , a support plate 45 , a push rod 49 and a swing rod 410 .

[0082] Furthermore, if Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Fig.10 As shown, both upper and lower sides of the ratchet rod 46 are provided with ratchet grooves 414 arranged in an array; the ratchet 48, the push rod 49, the swing rod 410 and the support plate 45 are symmetrically arranged in two groups on the upper and lower sides of the ratchet rod 46, and the ratchet 48 cooperates with the ratchet groove 414. The push rod 49 is symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the ratchet rod 46, and the push rod 49 is provided with cylindrical bosses 417 arranged in an array, and the spring 411 is located between the cylindrical groove 416 and the cylindrical boss 417. The swing rod 410 is centrally symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the ratchet rod 46, and is rotatably mounted on the second end cover 43 and is hingedly connected to the push rod 49.

[0083] Specifically, the threaded rod 47 is sleeved inside the threaded sleeve 41 and is screwed to the threaded sleeve 41 through threads; Figure 4 , Fig.11 As shown, the outer side of the threaded rod 47 is provided with an external thread; correspondingly, the inner wall of the threaded sleeve 41 is provided with an internal thread; the threaded rod 47 and the threaded sleeve 41 are screwed together through the external thread and the internal thread, and when the two rotate relative to each other, relative movement along the axial direction can occur.

[0084] Specifically, a plurality of pawl holes 419 arranged in a row are provided on the support plate 45; the pawl 48 is slidably installed in the pawl hole 419 of the support plate 45; Figure 8 , Fig.12 shown.

[0085] Specifically, Fig. 9 , Fig.14 As shown, the spring 411 is installed between the pawl 48 and the push rod 49 ; the spring 411 can push the pawl 48 to slide in the pawl hole 419 , and can push the push rod 49 to move along the axial direction of the pawl hole 419 .

[0086] like Figure 3 As shown, a first end cover 42 and a second end cover 43 are fixedly mounted on both ends of the threaded sleeve 41 .

[0087] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the swing rod 410 is a rectangular long plate structure; one side of the swing rod 410 is hingedly mounted with the top rod 49, and the other side is rotatably mounted between the first end cover 42 and the second end cover 43. Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, a rotating shaft 421 is provided at both ends of the swing rod 410, and two cylindrical through holes 420 are provided on the first end cover 42 and the second end cover 43; the two swing rods 410 are rotatably installed in the cylindrical through holes 420 of the first end cover 42 and the second end cover 43 through the rotating shaft 421.

[0088] Specifically, Figure 6 , Figure 8 As shown, the support plate 45 is slidably installed above the threaded rod 47, and the two ends of the support plate 45 are in contact with the first end cover 42 and the second end cover 43 respectively; the two ends of the support plate 45 are abutted against the first end cover 42 and the second end cover 43, and then the displacement of the end cover can push the support plate 45 to slide along the axial direction of the threaded rod 47.

[0089] During implementation, when the push rod 49 is displaced relative to the support plate 45, the rocker rod 410 can push the threaded sleeve 41 to rotate relative to the threaded rod 47; when the threaded sleeve 41 rotates relative to the threaded rod 47, the threaded sleeve 41 can be displaced relative to the threaded rod 47 along the axial direction of the threaded rod 47; when the threaded sleeve 41 is displaced relative to the threaded rod 47, the first end cover 42 and the second end cover 43 can be simultaneously driven to displace relative to the threaded rod 47; the first end cover 42 and the second end cover 43 can push the support plate 45 and the pawl 48 installed on the support plate 45 to displace along the axial direction of the threaded rod 47; and then the degree of engagement between the pawl 48 and the pawl groove 414 can be adjusted through the displacement of the pawl 48.

[0090] Furthermore, if Figure 3 As shown, the first stepless locking device 29 further includes: a first pull rod 422 and a second pull rod 423; the first pull rod 422 is fixedly connected to the ratchet rod 46; and the threaded rod 47 is fixedly connected to the second pull rod 423. The first pull rod 422 and the second pull rod 423 are used to realize the connection between the stepless locking device and other components.

[0091] Furthermore, if Figure 3 As shown, a cylindrical pin 44 is arranged between the threaded rod 47 and the threaded sleeve 41; the cylindrical pin 44 is arranged perpendicular to the axis of the threaded rod 47; the cylindrical pin 44 can be inserted into the pin holes of the threaded sleeve 41 and the threaded rod 47 at the same time, thereby realizing the position limitation of the threaded sleeve 41 and the threaded rod 47. The outer side of the threaded rod 47 is provided with threads and cylindrical pin holes, and the cylindrical pin 44 cooperates with the cylindrical pin holes of the threaded sleeve 41 and the cylindrical pin holes of the threaded rod 47. By inserting or pulling out the cylindrical pin 44, the threaded sleeve 41 and the threaded rod 47 can be locked and unlocked.

[0092] Furthermore, if Figure 4 , Fig.11 As shown, two symmetrical trapezoidal guide rails 412 are arranged above the threaded rod 47 ; a trapezoidal guide groove 418 is arranged below the support plate 45 ; the support plate 45 is slidably mounted on the trapezoidal guide rails 412 of the threaded rod 47 through the trapezoidal guide groove 418 .

[0093] Furthermore, if Figure 6 , Fig.11 , Fig.13 As shown, the left and right sides of the ratchet rod 46 are provided with triangular guide rails 415, and the threaded rod 47 is a symmetrical structure; the inner side of the threaded rod 47 is provided with a triangular guide groove 413; the ratchet rod 46 cooperates with the triangular guide rails 415 provided on both sides thereof with the triangular guide groove 413 of the threaded rod 47, so that the ratchet rod 46 can slide relative to the threaded rod 47,

[0094] Furthermore, if Fig. 9 , Fig.14As shown, the upper end surface of the pawl 48 is provided with a cylindrical groove 416 along its own axial direction; a plurality of cylindrical bosses 417 are provided on the top rod 49; the cylindrical boss 417 is slidably installed in the cylindrical groove 416; the spring 411 is installed in the cylindrical groove 416 and is arranged between the cylindrical boss 417 and the pawl 48.

[0095] When the axial clamping mechanism 2 of the present invention is working, the long cylindrical part 12 enters the interior of the frame 1 from above the frame 1. After the long cylindrical part 12 contacts the V-shaped support plate 21, the long cylindrical part 12 and the V-shaped support plate 21 continue to descend, and the first hydraulic cylinder 22 is compressed; during the descending process of the V-shaped support plate 21, the push rod 23 hingedly connected to the V-shaped support plate 21 pushes the push-pull support 28 to slide outward along the second guide plate 27, so that the two symmetrically arranged push-pull supports 28 move away from each other. When the two push-pull supports 28 move away from each other, the symmetrically arranged pull rods 24 are driven to rotate relative to the push-pull supports 28; the angle between the pull rods 24 and the second guide plate 27 is reduced, and at the same time, the L-shaped clamping plate 25 hinged to it is pulled to slide along the first guide plate 26, so that the two L-shaped clamping plates 25 in front and behind the long cylindrical part 12 move toward the direction close to the V-shaped support plate 21, and the two L-shaped clamping plates 25 approach each other until the L-shaped clamping plates 25 touch the long cylindrical part 12, and the movement of the axial clamping mechanism 2 stops.

[0096] After the L-shaped clamp 25 contacts the long cylindrical part 12, the long cylindrical part 12 can no longer descend, and the first stepless locking device 29 hingedly connected to the L-shaped clamp 25 locks the L-shaped clamp 25, so that the L-shaped clamps 25 at the front and rear ends of the long cylindrical part 12 cannot move away from each other, and the long cylindrical part 12 is fixed in the axial direction.

[0097] After the long cylindrical part 12 is fixed in the axial direction, the long cylindrical part 12 can no longer be lowered; at this time, the L-shaped clamping plate 25 and the push-pull support 28 remain stationary.

[0098] When the axial clamping mechanism 2 is clamping the long cylindrical part 12, the threaded rod 47 and the ratchet rod 46 of the first stepless locking device 29 slide relative to each other, the ratchet rod 46 and the ratchet 48 also move relative to each other, the ratchet 48 compresses the spring 411, and the ratchet 48 switches to engage in different ratchet grooves 414.

[0099] When the axial clamping mechanism 2 completes clamping of the long cylindrical part 12, it is locked by the first stepless locking device 29 to maintain the stability of the axial clamping.

[0100] When the stepless locking device is working, when the long cylindrical part 12 is stationary, the threaded rod 47 and the ratchet rod 46 are relatively stationary, but the ratchet 48 that cooperates with the ratchet groove 414 on the ratchet rod 46 may not completely reach the bottom of the ratchet groove 414, that is, the ratchet 48 is not completely aligned with the ratchet groove 414; at this time, the threaded rod 47 and the ratchet rod 46 can still move away from each other, and the interior of the long cylindrical part 12 is being processed, so the long cylindrical part 12 is not completely clamped.

[0101] Furthermore, after the axial clamping mechanism 2 completely clamps the long cylindrical part 12, the cylindrical pin 44 is removed from the cylindrical pin hole of the threaded sleeve 41; since a spring 411 is provided between the cylindrical groove 416 of the pawl 48 and the cylindrical boss 417 on the push rod 49, the elastic force of the spring 411 pushes the push rod 49 away from the pawl 48, and the swing rod 410 hingedly connected to the push rod 49 starts to do a planar swinging motion, and at the same time pushes the first end cover 42 and the second end cover 43 hingedly connected thereto to rotate, and drives the threaded sleeve 41 fixedly connected to the first end cover 42 and the second end cover 43 to rotate around the threaded rod 47. During the rotation of the first end cover 42 and the second end cover 43, the first end cover 42 and the second end cover 43 drive the threaded sleeve 41 to rotate relative to the threaded rod 47, and the threaded sleeve 41 moves along the axial direction of the threaded rod 47.

[0102] When the threaded sleeve 41 moves axially along the threaded rod 47, the first end cap 42 and the second end cap 43 push the support plate 45 to slide relative to the threaded rod 47; the support plate 45 moves along the trapezoidal guide rail 412 on the threaded rod 47, and under the push of the support plate 45, the pawls 48 arranged in an array also begin to move along the axial direction of the threaded rod 47, and the pawls 48 and the pawl grooves 414 are adjusted to be aligned. After the pawls 48 are aligned with the pawl grooves 414, under the elastic force of the spring 411, the pawls 48 move in the pawl holes 419 of the support plate 45 along the axial direction of the hole toward the bottom of the pawl grooves 414 until the pawls 48 reach the bottom of the pawl grooves 414, and the pawls 48 are fully engaged with the pawl grooves 414, and the movement stops.

[0103] At the same time, when the pawl 48 is fully engaged with the pawl groove 414, the spring 411 no longer pushes the push rod 49 and the rocker arm 410 to move. Therefore, the threaded sleeve 41 can no longer rotate, the support plate 45 can no longer move axially, the threaded rod 47 and the ratchet rod 46 cannot move away from each other, and the long cylindrical part 12 is completely clamped; when the long cylindrical part 12 is in the clamped state, the threaded rod 47 and the ratchet rod 46 cannot get close to each other due to the obstruction of the long cylindrical part 12, thereby ensuring the stability of the clamping state.

[0104] Example 2

[0105] A specific embodiment of the present invention discloses a clamping device for a long cylindrical part 12, such as Fig.15As shown, it includes a frame 1, a longitudinal clamping mechanism 3 and the axial clamping mechanism 2 of embodiment 1.

[0106] Specifically, the frame 1 includes: a bottom plate, a cross beam and a longitudinal support beam. The bottom plate is a rectangular plate structure; there are four cross beams, which are connected end to end to form a rectangular frame structure. Figure 1 As shown; the rectangular frame structure is arranged parallel to the base plate and is connected and fixed to the base plate by a longitudinal support beam.

[0107] Specifically, Fig.14 As shown, the axial clamping mechanism 2 is symmetrically arranged at the front and rear ends of the bottom plate of the frame 1 and is fixedly connected to the bottom plate.

[0108] Specifically, Fig.15 As shown, the longitudinal clamping mechanism 3 is symmetrically arranged below the crossbeam and is rotatably connected to the crossbeam.

[0109] Exemplarily, the longitudinal clamping mechanism 3 includes: a second hydraulic cylinder 31, a clamping plate 33 and a second stepless locking device 34; the second hydraulic cylinder 31 is used to drive the clamping plate 33 to rotate, and the clamping plate 33 can contact the upper surface of the long cylindrical part 12, thereby pressing it against the V-shaped support plate 21; the second stepless locking device 34 is used to lock the clamping plate 33. When working, the second hydraulic cylinder 31 hingedly connected to the frame 1 pushes the clamping plate 33 to start rotating relative to the frame 1. When the symmetrically arranged clamping plates 33 are close to the long cylindrical part 12, the clamping plates 33 stop moving. At the same time, the second stepless locking device 34 hingedly connected to the bracket 32 ​​locks the clamping plates 33 on both sides of the long cylindrical part 12, so that it cannot rotate relative to the frame 1. The long cylindrical part 12 is clamped by the clamping plates 33 in the longitudinal direction and cannot move longitudinally. The axial clamping mechanism 2 and the longitudinal clamping mechanism 3 of the present invention cooperate with each other and can simultaneously limit the axial displacement and lateral movement of the long cylindrical part 12, thereby achieving complete clamping of the long cylindrical part 12.

[0110] It is worth noting that the axial clamping mechanism of the present invention can be used independently to achieve axial clamping of parts according to actual application needs, or can be used in conjunction with a longitudinal clamping mechanism or a clamping mechanism to achieve all-round fixation of parts.

[0111] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by this embodiment has at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0112] 1. The axial clamping mechanism of the present invention realizes the axial fixation of the long cylindrical parts through the movement of the connecting rod mechanism, realizes the descent of the long cylindrical parts and the axial clamping of the L-shaped clamping plate 25 at the same time, has a high degree of automation and is easy to operate.

[0113] 2. The stepless locking mechanism of the present invention overcomes the shortcoming that the traditional ratchet locking mechanism can only stop and lock at a specific position, and realizes the stop and lock at any position, so that the long cylindrical parts can be completely clamped.

[0114] 3. The present invention makes full use of the gravity of the long cylindrical parts themselves to achieve the fixation of the long cylindrical parts in the axial direction, and when locking, the spring force is used to achieve automatic locking of the stepless locking device, thereby improving the level of automation.

[0115] 4. The present invention realizes relative displacement of the threaded sleeve 41 and the threaded rod 47 by setting the threaded cooperation between the two. At the same time, the spring 411 promotes the interlocking movement of the push rod 49, the rocker arm 410, the threaded sleeve 41 and the support plate 45 to fine-tune the position of the pawl 48 to ensure that the pawl 48 and the pawl groove 414 are fully engaged, thereby ensuring the locking reliability of the stepless locking device.

[0116] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A stepless axial clamping mechanism based on a connecting rod mechanism, characterized in that: include: Two groups of symmetrically arranged axial clamping mechanisms (2), the axial clamping mechanisms (2) comprising: a V-shaped support plate (21), an L-shaped clamping plate (25), a connecting rod mechanism and a first stepless locking device (29); the V-shaped support plate (21) is used to support the long cylindrical part (12); the V-shaped support plate (21) is connected to the L-shaped clamping plate (25) via a connecting rod mechanism; when the V-shaped support plate (21) moves downward, the connecting rod mechanism can drive the L-shaped clamping plate (25) to move, thereby pressing the L-shaped clamping plate (25) against both ends of the long cylindrical part (12); the first stepless locking device (29) is used to lock the connecting rod mechanism; The connecting rod mechanism comprises: a push rod (23), a pull rod (24), a first guide rail plate (26), a second guide rail plate (27) and a push-pull support (28); The first guide rail plate (26) and the second guide rail plate (27) are both fixedly mounted on the bottom plate of the frame (1), and are perpendicular to each other.

2. The stepless axial clamping mechanism based on the connecting rod mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The L-shaped clamping plate (25) is slidably mounted on the first guide plate (26), and the push-pull support (28) is slidably mounted on the second guide plate (27); the V-shaped support plate (21) and the push-pull support (28) are connected via the push rod (23); one end of the push rod (23) is hinged to the V-shaped support plate (21), and the other end is hinged to the push-pull support (28); one end of the pull rod (24) is hinged to the L-shaped clamping plate (25), and the other end is hinged to the push-pull support (28).

3. The stepless axial clamping mechanism based on the connecting rod mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The push rod (23), the pull rod (24), and the push-pull support (28) are all symmetrically arranged in pairs.

4. The stepless axial clamping mechanism based on the connecting rod mechanism according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The two push rods (23), the two push-pull supports (28), the V-shaped support plate (21) and the second guide plate (27) form a trapezoidal structure; when the V-shaped support plate (21) moves downward, the push rods (23) can push the push-pull supports (28) to slide along the second guide plate (27).

5. The stepless axial clamping mechanism based on the connecting rod mechanism according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The two pull rods (24), the two push-pull supports (28), the L-shaped clamping plate (25) and the second guide rail plate (27) form a trapezoidal structure; when the push-pull supports (28) slide along the second guide rail plate (27), the pull rods (24) can pull the L-shaped clamping plate (25) to slide along the first guide rail plate (26).

6. The stepless axial clamping mechanism based on the connecting rod mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: Two machine bases (210) are respectively installed on the L-shaped clamping plate (25) and the frame (1).

7. The stepless axial clamping mechanism based on the connecting rod mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The two ends of the first stepless locking device (29) are respectively hinged to the L-shaped clamping plate (25) and the frame (1) through the machine base (210).

8. A clamping device for long cylindrical parts, characterized in that: It comprises the stepless axial clamping mechanism and the longitudinal clamping mechanism of any one of claims 1 to 7; the longitudinal clamping mechanism can be pressed tightly on top of the long cylindrical part (12).

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