Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus seed coating agent, treated seeds, preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of arbuscular mycorrhizal bioremediation, and in particular to an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal seed coating agent, treated seeds, and a preparation method and application thereof. The present invention provides a seed coating agent containing AM fungi, the seed coating agent comprising an AM fungal agent, an adhesive, a filler, a water-retaining agent, and a film-forming agent; the mass ratio of the AM fungal agent, the adhesive, the filler, the water-retaining agent, and the film-forming agent is 1-2:10-20:50-60:1:10-20. The seed coating agent of the present invention makes the AM fungal agent into a seed coating agent, so that it can form a good symbiotic relationship with the radicle when the seeds germinate, thereby improving the planting effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of arbuscular mycorrhizal bioremediation, and in particular to an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal seed coating agent, treated seeds, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Seed coating agent is a film-forming substance used for coating the seeds of crops or other plants. It has the functions of promoting seed germination, promoting the development of seed industrialization, accelerating the growth and development of seedlings, preventing and controlling diseases and insect pests, improving stress resistance and increasing yield (Huang Wenjing, Zhao Hongguang, Sun Xiaochun, et al. Effects of seed coating agent coating on the growth and development and disease and insect pest resistance of Perilla [J]. Seed, 2018, 37(06): 43-48; Gao Yunying, Tan Chengxia, Hu Dongsong, et al. Overview of seed coating agent and its development [J]. Modern Pesticide, 2012, 11(03): 7-10.). As a high-tech agricultural technology, seed coating agent has the characteristics of safety, economy and high efficiency (Ye Zhiqiang, Chen Rongli, Cai Chengxiong, et al. Study on the effects of different seed coating agents on corn production [J]. Seed, 2018, 37(02): 131-132.). In the production process of modern seed coating agents, one or more active ingredients (such as plant growth regulators, pesticides, fungicides, microorganisms, nutrients, etc.) can be combined with adhesives and colorants and applied to the seed surface coating (Ye Zhiqiang, Chen Rongli, Cai Chengxiong, et al. Research on the effects of different seed coating agents on corn production [J]. Seed, 2018, 37(02): 131-132.; Qi Lin, Wang Yuxiang, Wang Ning, et al. Research progress on film-forming aids for rice seed coating agents [J]. Seed, 2017, 36(006): 54-60.) to play the role of seed disinfection, slow release of pesticides and fertilizers, prevention and control of pests and diseases, improving crop resistance, and reducing environmental pollution (Xiong Hairong, Li Xia, Zou Yingbin, Huang Zhongliang, Jiang Lihua, Xiong Yuanfu. Research on the physical and chemical properties of seed coating fertilizers [J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2010, 26(20): 217-221.).

[0003] Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AM fungi) is a kind of microorganism widely distributed in the soil. It can form mutualistic symbiosis with about 90% of terrestrial plants (Liu Runjin, Li Xiaolin. Arbuscular Mycorrhiza and Its Application [M]. Science Press, 2000.) and is one of the soil microorganisms with the closest relationship with plants discovered so far. Inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi under certain conditions can promote the absorption of medium and trace elements such as phosphorus, sulfur, copper, zinc, and boron in the soil by plants (Zeng Shucai, Su Zhiyao, Chen Beiguang, et al. Effects of VA mycorrhizal fungi on plant nutrient absorption and transfer [J]. Journal of Southwest Forestry University, 2005, 25(1):72-75.), thereby improving the nutritional status of plants (Li Xiaolin, Cao Yiping. Absorption of soil phosphorus and copper by VA mycorrhizal hyphae and their correlation [J]. Chinese Agricultural Science, 1992, 25(5):65-72.), and improving resistance to external adverse factors such as disease, drought, cold damage, salinity, etc. As soil native fungi, AM fungi can also form a physical defense system by changing the morphology and structure of plant roots, antagonizing soil-borne pathogenic fungi, bacteria, nematodes and other pathogens, and improving plant disease resistance, that is, they have the dual role of biological medicine and fertilizer (Liu Runjin. Research progress on the mechanism of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi antagonizing soil-borne pathogens and improving plant disease resistance [C]. Proceedings of the 2012 Academic Annual Meeting of the Chinese Society of Plant Pathology. 2012.). Therefore, using AM fungi to improve plant yield and disease resistance is one of the best biological methods currently.

[0004] In the modern agricultural and forestry production process, seedling pests and diseases are the main cause of seedling failure. If only chemical agents are used to disinfect them, it is easy to cause social and ecological problems such as environmental pollution (Yuan-Qing BU, Yuan K, Yong Z, et al. Pollution of Chemical Pesticides on Environment and Suggestion for Prevention and Control Countermeasures [J]. Journal of Agricultural ence & Technology, 2014, 16 (2): 19-25; Liu Guiping, Zhou Yongchun, Fang Yan, et al. The current situation of agricultural pollution in my country and countermeasures [J]. International Technology and Economic Research, 2006, 9 (004): 17-21). At the same time, chemical agents will also cause varying degrees of harm to beneficial insects, birds and mammals in the environment (Hladik ML, Bradbury S, Schulte LA, et al. Neonicotinoid insecticide removal by prairie strips in row-cropped watersheds with historical seed coating use [J]. Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, 2017, 241: 160-167; Tasei JN, Ripault G, Rivault E. Hazards of Imidacloprid Seed Coating to Bombus terrestris (Hymenoptera: Apidae) When Applied to Sunflower [J]. Journal of Economic Entomology (3): 623; Tasheva M. Pesticide Residues: Conazoles [J]. Encyclopedia of Food Safety, 2014, 3: 1-4.). The advantages of seed coating agents are more obvious than spraying pesticides. The drug film covering the surface of the seeds swells when it encounters water in the soil and is absorbed by the seeds, slowly releasing the active ingredients in the seed coating agent, extending the efficacy period, enhancing the prevention effect, and reducing the harm of pesticides to beneficial organisms and pollution to the environment. The pesticides and fertilizers are transported underground through the roots of the plants to the above-ground parts, regulating plant growth and controlling diseases and pests, achieving simultaneous growth of economic, social, and ecological benefits (Chen Zenan et al. 2018).

[0005] Since AM fungi have diverse functional characteristics, they have the functions of promoting plant growth and improving plant resistance, and have a good application prospect in the production of seedlings and flowers. The existing technology attempts to use AM fungi as part of seed coating agents, but it is necessary to prepare AM fungi flushing liquid first, which is a cumbersome and time-consuming process (Lv Yanping. The growth-promoting effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi seed coating and drip irrigation on alfalfa [D]. Shihezi University, 2016.). In addition, in the process of flower and tree cultivation, the growth-promoting and disease-resistant effects of AM fungi added directly to the soil are unstable. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal seed coating agent, treated seeds, and a preparation method and application thereof. The seed coating agent of the present invention uses the AM fungal agent as a seed coating agent, so that it can form a good symbiotic relationship with the radicle when the seeds germinate, thereby improving the growth promotion, disease resistance, and planting effects, and the seed coating agent of the present invention is convenient and quick to use.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] The present invention provides a seed coating agent, which comprises an AM fungal agent, an adhesive, a filler, a water-retaining agent and a film-forming agent; the mass ratio of the AM fungal agent, the adhesive, the filler, the water-retaining agent and the film-forming agent is 1-2:10-20:50-60:1:10-20.

[0009] Preferably, the adhesive comprises polyvinyl alcohol; the filler comprises diatomaceous earth and bentonite; and the film-forming agent comprises sodium alginate.

[0010] Preferably, the concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol is 80 g / L; the concentration of the sodium alginate is 40 g / L.

[0011] Preferably, the mass ratio of diatomaceous earth to bentonite is 8:2.

[0012] Preferably, the seed coating agent further comprises a nutrient; the nutrient comprises a plant growth regulator and / or mineral elements.

[0013] Preferably, the plant growth regulator includes clofosconazole and a rooting agent; and the mineral elements include urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, boric acid, zinc sulfate, magnesium sulfate and copper sulfate.

[0014] Preferably, the mass ratio of uniconazole to the rooting agent in the plant growth regulator is 3.5-4.5:1; the concentration of uniconazole is 400 mg / L, and the concentration of the rooting agent is 100 mg / L.

[0015] The present invention provides a treated seed coated with a seed coating agent, comprising a seed and the seed coating agent described in the above technical solution; the mass ratio of the seed to the seed coating agent is 1:1-1.5.

[0016] The present invention provides a method for preparing the treated seeds described in the above technical solution.

[0017] When the seed coating agent does not include a nutrient, the method comprises the following steps: mixing the seeds with the AM fungal agent, the adhesive, the filler, the water retaining agent and the film-forming agent in the seed coating agent in sequence to obtain treated seeds;

[0018] When the seed coating agent includes a nutrient, the method comprises the following steps:

[0019] Mixing the nutrient and the filler to obtain a nutrient filler;

[0020] The seeds are sequentially mixed with the AM fungal agent, adhesive, nutrient filler, water retaining agent and film-forming agent in the seed coating agent to obtain treated seeds.

[0021] The present invention provides the use of the seed coating agent described in the above technical solution or the treated seed described in the above technical solution or the treated seed prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution in promoting plant growth and / or improving plant disease resistance.

[0022] Beneficial effects:

[0023] The present invention provides a seed coating agent, which comprises an AM fungal agent, an adhesive, a filler, a water-retaining agent and a film-forming agent; the mass ratio of the AM fungal agent, the adhesive, the filler, the water-retaining agent and the film-forming agent is 1-2:10-20:50-60:1:10-20. The present invention prepares arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi into a seed coating agent, and through the adhesive, the filler, the water-retaining agent and the film-forming agent, the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can better form a mycorrhizal symbiosis with the plant, produce a symbiotic and protective structure, thereby improving the stress resistance and disease resistance of the plant, promoting germination and seedling formation, increasing yield and improving quality. Moreover, the present invention directly adds the AM fungal agent, which is convenient and quick.

[0024] Biological deposit information

[0025] Claroideoglomus claroideum Cc-01 was deposited in the General Microbiology Center (CGMCC) of China Microorganism Culture Collection Administration on October 14, 2019. The deposit address is No. 3, Yard 1, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the deposit number is CGMCC No. 18593.

[0026] Septoglomus viscosum Sv-01 was deposited in the General Microbiology Center of China Microorganism Culture Collection (CGMCC) on October 14, 2019. The deposit address is No. 3, Yard 1, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the deposit number is CGMCC No.18594. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments are briefly introduced below.

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the treated species;

[0029] Figure 2 Seedling indicators under different treatments in Application Example 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Unless otherwise specified, the components described in the present invention can be purchased by those skilled in the art.

[0031] The present invention provides a seed coating agent, which comprises an AM fungal agent, an adhesive, a filler, a water-retaining agent and a film-forming agent. In terms of mass ratio, the mass ratio of the AM fungal agent, the adhesive, the filler, the water-retaining agent and the film-forming agent of the present invention is 1-2:10-20:50-60:1:10-20, more preferably 2:20:57:1:20, and the seed coating agent provided by the present invention is also called a seed coating agent or an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal biological seed coating agent.

[0032] In parts by mass, the seed coating agent provided by the present invention includes 1 to 2 parts of AM fungal agents, preferably 1.5 to 2 parts, and more preferably 2 parts.

[0033] The number of active spores in the AM fungal agent of the present invention is preferably 50 / g to 70 / g, more preferably 60 / g. The present invention does not specifically limit the strain of the AM fungus, and the strain can be purchased by a person skilled in the art; in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the strain of the AM fungus is preferably Claroideoglomus claroideum Cc-01 or Septoglomus viscosum Sv-01; the Claroideoglomus Cc-01 has been disclosed in the patent application number "201911249137.X". The AM fungal agent of the present invention includes spores of AM fungi, mycelium of AM fungi, AM fungal infected root segments and culture matrix, and more preferably includes spores of AM fungi, mycelium of AM fungi, AM fungal infected root segments and culture matrix; the present invention does not specifically limit the preparation method of the spores of AM fungi, mycelium of AM fungi, AM fungal infected root segments and culture matrix, and the method well known to a person skilled in the art can be used. The AM fungal agent of the present invention has a large number of fungal spores and good activity, and can be directly used in the preparation of seed coating agents without the need for rinsing, thereby simplifying the procedure.

[0034] Based on the mass parts of the fungal agent, the seed coating agent provided by the present invention includes 10 to 20 parts of an adhesive, preferably 12 to 20 parts, more preferably 15 to 20 parts, and most preferably 20 parts. The adhesive of the present invention preferably includes polyvinyl alcohol, more preferably polyvinyl alcohol; the concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol is preferably 80 g / L. The polyvinyl alcohol of the present invention has the advantages of good film-forming property, good adhesion and good water solubility at the specific concentration of the present invention.

[0035] Based on the mass percentage of the fungal agent, the seed coating agent provided by the present invention includes 50 to 60 parts of filler, preferably 53 to 59 parts, more preferably 55 to 57 parts, and most preferably 57 parts. The filler of the present invention preferably includes diatomaceous earth and bentonite, more preferably diatomaceous earth and bentonite; the mass ratio of the diatomaceous earth and bentonite is preferably 8:2. When measured in mass percentage, the filler preferably includes the following components in mass percentage: 80% diatomaceous earth and 20% bentonite. The present invention uses a specific ratio of diatomaceous earth and bentonite as an adhesive to better prevent the effective ingredients from falling off, and has high uniformity.

[0036] Based on the mass of the fungal agent, the seed coating agent provided by the present invention includes 1 part of a water retaining agent. The water retaining agent of the present invention preferably includes a highly absorbent resin; based on the mass of the seeds, the amount of the water retaining agent is preferably 1% of the mass of the seeds. When the water retaining agent is used in the amount provided by the present invention, the germination rate of the seeds is the highest.

[0037] Based on the mass parts of the fungal agent, the seed coating agent provided by the present invention includes 10 to 20 parts of a film-forming agent, preferably 12 to 20 parts, more preferably 15 to 20 parts, and most preferably 20 parts. The film-forming agent of the present invention preferably includes sodium alginate, more preferably sodium alginate. The concentration of the sodium alginate of the present invention is preferably 40 g / L. The water permeability of sodium alginate at a specific concentration is optimal.

[0038] The seed coating agent of the present invention also preferably includes a nutrient; the nutrient includes a plant growth regulator and / or a mineral element, more preferably includes a plant growth regulator and a mineral element. The mass ratio of the plant growth regulator to the mineral element of the present invention is preferably 1-1.5:1-2, more preferably 1:1.5.

[0039] The plant growth regulator of the present invention includes clofosconazole and a rooting agent; the mass ratio of clofosconazole to the rooting agent in the plant growth regulator is preferably 3.5-4.5:1, more preferably 4:1; the concentration of clofosconazole is preferably 400 mg / L; the concentration of the rooting agent is preferably 100 mg / L. The present invention combines clofosconazole and a rooting agent of a specific concentration, which has a significant growth-promoting effect on the root length, root surface area, root volume, number of root tips, and plant height of plant seedlings. The present invention has no special requirements for the specific type of the rooting agent, and the one conventionally purchased by a technician in the field can be used.

[0040] The mineral elements of the present invention preferably include urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, boric acid, zinc sulfate, magnesium sulfate and copper sulfate, and more preferably urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, boric acid, zinc sulfate, magnesium sulfate and copper sulfate. The mass ratio of urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, boric acid, zinc sulfate, magnesium sulfate and copper sulfate of the present invention is preferably 20-25:20-25:1-1.5:1:1:1, and more preferably 20:20:1.25:1:1:1. The concentration of urea of ​​the present invention is preferably 8g / L; the concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is preferably 8g / L; the concentration of boric acid is preferably 0.5g / L; the concentration of zinc sulfate is preferably 0.4g / L; the concentration of magnesium sulfate is preferably 0.4g / L; the concentration of copper sulfate is preferably 0.4g / L. The mineral elements provided by the present invention can significantly increase the plant height, root length, stem thickness, number of lateral roots, dry weight of the top and dry weight of the underground part of plant seedlings.

[0041] When the seed coating agent of the present invention includes a nutrient, the mass ratio of the AM fungal agent, adhesive, filler, water-retaining agent, film-forming agent and nutrient is 1-2:10-20:50-60:1:10-20:1-1.5, more preferably 2:20:57:1:20:1.

[0042] In parts by mass, the seed coating agent provided by the present invention includes 1 to 2 parts of AM fungal agents, preferably 1.5 to 2 parts, and more preferably 2 parts.

[0043] Based on the mass parts of the fungal agent, the seed coating agent provided by the present invention includes 10 to 20 parts of adhesive, preferably 12 to 20 parts, more preferably 15 to 20 parts, and most preferably 20 parts.

[0044] Based on the mass parts of the fungal agent, the seed coating agent provided by the present invention includes 50 to 60 parts of filler, preferably includes 53 to 59 parts, more preferably includes 55 to 57 parts, and most preferably includes 57 parts.

[0045] Based on the mass of the fungal agent, the seed coating agent provided by the present invention includes 1 part of a water retaining agent. The water retaining agent of the present invention preferably includes a highly absorbent resin; based on the mass of the seeds, the amount of the water retaining agent is preferably 1% of the mass of the seeds. When the water retaining agent is used in the amount provided by the present invention, the germination rate of the seeds is the highest.

[0046] Based on the mass parts of the fungal agent, the seed coating agent provided by the present invention includes 10 to 20 parts of film-forming agent, preferably includes 12 to 20 parts, more preferably includes 15 to 20 parts, and most preferably includes 20 parts.

[0047] Based on the mass parts of the fungal agent, the seed coating agent provided by the present invention includes 1 to 1.5 parts of nutrients, preferably 1 to 1.4 parts, more preferably 1 to 1.2 parts, and most preferably 1 part.

[0048] The effect experiment was conducted on the seeds treated with the seed coating agent of the present invention, and the results showed that the emergence rate of the seeds coated with the seed coating agent of the present invention increased, the seedling death rate after emergence decreased, and the mycorrhizal infection rate was about 30%. In addition, the plant height, root length, chlorophyll content, and soluble sugar content of the seedlings can be significantly improved.

[0049] The present invention provides a treated seed coated with a seed coating agent, comprising seeds and the seed coating agent described in the above technical solution; the preferred mass ratio of the seeds to the seed coating agent is 1:1 to 1.5, more preferably 1:1. The present invention has no special requirements for the type of seeds, and the seeds conventionally purchased by a person skilled in the art can be used. The seeds of the present invention preferably include large seeds or small seeds; the large seeds preferably include camphor seeds; the small seeds preferably include toon seeds; in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the seeds are preferably camphor seeds and / or toon seeds. The camphor seeds of the present invention are representatives of large seeds, and toon seeds are representatives of small seeds. Therefore, if the seed coating agent of the present invention can be applied to camphor seeds and toon seeds, it can be proved that the coating agent of the present invention can also be applied to other seeds.

[0050] The present invention provides a method for preparing treated seeds according to the technical scheme above, and when the seed coating agent does not include a nutrient, the method comprises the following steps: sequentially mixing the seeds with the AM fungal agent, adhesive, filler, water-retaining agent and film-forming agent in the seed coating agent to obtain treated seeds. The present invention does not have any limitation on the mixing method, and the method well known to those skilled in the art may be used; the present invention preferably mixes the seeds with the AM fungal agent and adhesive, and after reaching a semi-dry state, adds a filler and a water-retaining agent, and then adds a film-forming agent after being completely dried; complete drying can protect the seeds from mold, is beneficial to the preservation of seed balls, and is more beneficial to the dormancy of AM fungi. The mixing sequence of the present invention can sequentially form an AM fungal seed coating agent layer, a water-retaining agent and filler layer, and a film-forming agent layer on the seed surface, see for details. Figure 1 .

[0051] After the mixing, the present invention also preferably air-dries the mixture to obtain treated seeds. The temperature of the air-drying treatment of the present invention is preferably 26°C to 30°C, more preferably 30°C; the time of the air-drying treatment is preferably 24h to 72h, more preferably 72h. The present invention utilizes air-drying treatment to better combine the seed coating agent with the seeds, and the adhesion is more firm, thereby solving the problem of unstable effect of exogenous addition of AM fungal agents under field conditions.

[0052] When the seed coating agent includes a nutrient, the steps include: mixing the nutrient and the filler to obtain the nutrient filler; mixing the seeds with the AM fungal agent, adhesive, nutrient filler, water retaining agent and film-forming agent in the seed coating agent in sequence to obtain treated seeds. The present invention first mixes the nutrient and the filler, which can simplify the process and save time for making the seed coating agent. The present invention does not have any limitation on the mixing method, and the method familiar to those skilled in the art can be used. The present invention preferably mixes the seeds with the AM fungal agent and the adhesive, and after reaching a semi-dry state, adds the nutrient filler and the water retaining agent, and then adds the film-forming agent after it is completely dried; complete drying can protect the seeds from mold, is beneficial to the preservation of seed balls, and is more beneficial to the dormancy of AM fungi.

[0053] After the mixing, the present invention also preferably air-dries the mixture to obtain treated seeds. The temperature of the air-drying treatment of the present invention is preferably 26°C to 30°C, more preferably 30°C; the time of the air-drying treatment is preferably 24h to 72h, more preferably 72h. The present invention utilizes air-drying treatment to better combine the seed coating agent with the seeds, and the adhesion is more firm, thereby solving the problem of unstable effect of exogenous addition of AM fungal agents under field conditions.

[0054] Moreover, the present invention adds the components according to their functions. The addition sequence can make the seed coating agent have a better water-retaining effect and the seed coating agent is easier to prepare and shape.

[0055] Based on the advantages of the seed coating agent described in the above technical solution, the present invention provides the use of the seed coating agent described in the above technical solution or the treated seed described in the above technical solution or the treated seed prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution in promoting plant growth and / or improving plant disease resistance. The promoting plant growth of the present invention is preferably promoting plant height, root length, chlorophyll content and / or soluble sugar content.

[0056] The present invention also preferably provides a method for promoting plant growth and / or improving plant disease resistance, comprising the following steps: planting the treated seeds described in the above technical solution in a planting area. The present invention has no special requirements for the planting method, and a method familiar to those skilled in the art can be used.

[0057] In order to further illustrate the present invention, the technical solution provided by the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0058] Example 1

[0059] Sodium alginate with a concentration of 40.00 g / L was used as a film-forming agent.

[0060] The types and concentrations of the film-forming agents of Comparative Examples 1 to 8 are detailed in Table 1.

[0061] Table 1 Screening formula of film-forming agent

[0062]

[0063] Note: The concentration mentioned above refers to the concentration of the solution obtained by mixing the film-forming agent with distilled water.

[0064] The physical properties of the film-forming agent, such as film-forming property, air permeability, water permeability and water solubility, are measured to screen out the film-forming agent with suitable effect.

[0065] (1) Determination method of film-forming property of film-forming agent:

[0066] Film-forming agents with different concentration gradients are cast on a glass slide to form films, and the films are graded according to their film-forming properties. The glass plate after film formation is immersed in water for 0.5 hours, and the films are divided into three levels. If the film can be completely scraped off the glass plate, it is grade I film formation, which is recorded as "+"; if the film cannot be completely scraped off the glass plate, it is grade II film formation, which is recorded as "0"; if there is no complete film on the glass plate, it is grade III, which is recorded as "-".

[0067] (2) Determination method of water permeability of film-forming agent:

[0068] Immerse the glass plate with the cast film in a dish filled with clean water, and calculate the dissolved area of ​​the film on the glass plate after 6 hours.

[0069] (3) Method for determining the air permeability of film-forming agents:

[0070] Take 1.00g of film-forming agent with different concentration gradients respectively, evenly apply it on the surface of filter paper, cover the filter paper with the mouth of a beaker filled with quantitative distilled water after drying. Heat the beaker in a warm water bath at 80℃, then take out the beaker, measure the mass of the remaining water in the beaker, and calculate the evaporation amount.

[0071] (4) Determination method of water solubility of film-forming agent:

[0072] Take 1.00g of different concentration gradient film-forming agents respectively, evenly apply them on one surface of the filter paper, and after drying, cover the filter paper on a pre-weighed clean Petri dish cover (the side coated with the film-forming agent faces downward). Use a pipette to draw 10mL of distilled water and drop it on the surface of the filter paper. After 3 hours, weigh the weight of the Petri dish cover and calculate the weight of the remaining water in the filter paper.

[0073] The test results are shown in Tables 2 and 3.

[0074] Table 2 Film-forming agent screening results

[0075] deal with Film forming properties Breathability(g) <![CDATA[Water permeability (cm 2 )]]> Water solubility (g) M1 0 5.20±0.26 2.50±0.13 2.13±0.11 M2 + 6.37±0.32 3.50±0.18 2.33±0.12 M3 + 6.61±0.33 6.00±0.30 2.99±0.15 Q1 + 5.40±0.27 3.50±0.18 2.84±0.14 Q2 0 8.20±0.41 9.50±0.48 1.78±0.09 Q3 + 7.50±0.38 6.80±0.34 1.83±0.09 H1 0 5.30±0.27 8.50±0.43 1.55±0.08 H2 + 7.20±0.36 10.50±0.53 1.70±0.09 H3(*) + 8.55±0.43 11.60±0.58 2.23±0.11

[0076] Note: “*” indicates significant difference, same as the table below.

[0077] Table 3 Performance comparison of different film-forming agents

[0078] deal with Film forming properties Breathability(g) <![CDATA[Water permeability (cm 2 )]]> Water solubility (g) Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose 1±0.58a 6.06±0.44a 4.0±1.04b 2.48±0.26a Hydroxyethyl Cellulose 1±0.58a 7.03±0.84a 6.6±1.73ab 2.15±0.35a Sodium alginate(*) 1±0.58a 7.02±0.94a 10.2±0.91a 1.83±0.21a

[0079] Note: Different letters indicate significant differences at the 5% level, the same below; the data in Table 3 are the average values ​​of the data in Table 2.

[0080] It can be seen from Table 2 and Table 3 that M2 (30 g / L sodium carboxymethyl cellulose), M3 (40 g / L sodium carboxymethyl cellulose), Q1 (20 g / L hydroxyethyl cellulose), Q3 (40 g / L hydroxyethyl cellulose), H2 (30 g / L sodium alginate) and H3 (40 g / L sodium alginate) have good film-forming properties, while H3 (40 g / L sodium alginate) has better air permeability, water permeability and water solubility. The performances of different film-forming agents are different. There is no obvious difference between the three different film-forming agents in terms of film-forming property, air permeability and water solubility. However, in terms of water permeability, sodium alginate has the highest performance, which is significantly higher than sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. This shows that using sodium alginate as a film-forming agent is better than hydroxyethyl cellulose and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.

[0081] Example 2

[0082] Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with a concentration of 80.00 g / L was used as an adhesive, which was denoted as PVA5.

[0083] Comparative Example 9

[0084] Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with a concentration of 100.00 g / L was used as an adhesive, which was denoted as PVA6.

[0085] Comparative Example 10

[0086] Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with a concentration of 20.00 g / L was used as an adhesive, which was denoted as PVA1.

[0087] Comparative Example 11

[0088] Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with a concentration of 30.00 g / L was used as an adhesive, which was denoted as PVA2.

[0089] Comparative Example 12

[0090] Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with a concentration of 40.00 g / L was used as an adhesive, which was denoted as PVA3.

[0091] Comparative Example 13

[0092] Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with a concentration of 60.00 g / L was used as an adhesive, which was denoted as PVA4.

[0093] The film-forming property, adhesion and water solubility of the adhesives of Example 2 and Comparative Examples 9 to 13 were investigated, and the investigation method was as follows:

[0094] (1) Screening method for adhesive concentration

[0095] Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was prepared with distilled water into solutions with concentrations of 20.00 g / L, 30.00 g / L, 40.00 g / L, 60.00 g / L, 80.00 g / L, and 100.00 g / L, respectively, and recorded as: PVA1, PVA2, PVA3, PVA4, PVA5, and PVA6, and sealed and stored at room temperature. The physical property evaluation indicators of the adhesives of each concentration are as follows:

[0096] (a) Film-forming property: 1 mL of PVA solution with different concentrations was cast onto a glass slide to form a film, and the film properties were investigated in three levels;

[0097] Grade I: The film is uniform and remains intact after being scraped off the glass slide after being immersed in water for 0.5 h, which is marked as “+”;

[0098] Grade II: The film is uniform, and if the film is damaged after being scraped off the glass slide after being immersed in water for 0.5 h, it is recorded as "0";

[0099] Grade III: Failure to form a film is marked as “-”;

[0100] (b) Adhesion: The adhesion of PVA solution was investigated in three levels:

[0101] Grade I: more than 90% of the seeds are not clumped together, which is “+”;

[0102] Level II: more than 75% of the seeds are not sticky and clump together, which is "0";

[0103] Grade III: 60% of the seeds are not sticky and clump together, which is “-”;

[0104] (c) Water solubility: 1 mL of PVA solution of different concentrations was taken on a glass slide (the mass at this time was recorded as m) and then dried to form a film and weighed. The mass was recorded as m1. Then, the film was dissolved in distilled water at 60°C in a water bath for 12 h. After being taken out, it was dried and weighed. The mass was recorded as m2. Three parallel experiments were repeated three times. The water solubility was calculated as follows:

[0105]

[0106] The test results are shown in Table 4

[0107] Table 4 Comparison of performance of different adhesives

[0108]

[0109] As recorded in Table 4, different adhesives have different properties. In terms of film-forming properties, PVA3 (40.00 g / L polyvinyl alcohol), PVA4 (60.00 g / L polyvinyl alcohol), PVA5 (80.00 g / L polyvinyl alcohol) and PVA6 (100.00 g / L polyvinyl alcohol) have better effects; in terms of adhesion, PVA3, PVA5 and PVA6 have better effects; in terms of water solubility, PVA5 has the best effect, but there is no significant difference, so PVA5 (80.00 g / L polyvinyl alcohol) is selected as the adhesive ratio for subsequent experiments.

[0110] Example 3

[0111] Seed type: Camphor seeds, camphor seeds are collected locally.

[0112] The experimental water-retaining agent was purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd.; the water-retaining agent was specifically a super absorbent resin (SAP).

[0113] Before preparing the treated seeds and germination test, the performance of the water retaining agent was measured by natural filtration method: 0.10g of super absorbent resin (SAP) was placed in a beaker, 500mL of deionized water was added, and the mixture was allowed to stand at room temperature for 24h and then filtered through a 100-mesh sieve until no water was dripped. The mass of the swollen gel was measured, and the liquid absorption rate was calculated as follows: In the formula, m1 is the mass of the super absorbent resin, m2 is the mass of the swollen gel,

[0114]

[0115] The results of water retention performance are shown in Table 5.

[0116] Table 5 Properties of super absorbent resin

[0117]

[0118]

[0119] Preparation and verification of treated seeds: 50 test seeds were weighed, and the polyvinyl alcohol solution with the optimum concentration screened out in Example 2 was used as an adhesive. The adhesive and seeds were evenly wrapped on the surface of the seeds by stirring and rolling to reach a semi-dry state, and then 1% of the seed mass of super absorbent resin (SAP) was added and evenly wrapped on the surface of the seeds by stirring and rolling to obtain treated seeds; the treated seeds were placed in a 12h daylight length, 22±1°C constant temperature artificial climate box for germination test, watered once every five days, and drought stress treatment, recorded as CK3.

[0120] Comparative Example 14

[0121] The preparation of the treated seeds and the germination test were the same as those in Example 3, with clean water used as the water retaining agent and the blank control. The normal watering treatment once a day in the germination test was recorded as CK1.

[0122] Comparative Example 15

[0123] The preparation of the treated seeds and the germination test were the same as those in Example 3, with clean water used as the water retaining agent. In the germination test, watering was performed once every five days, and the drought stress treatment was recorded as CK2.

[0124] Comparative Example 16

[0125] The preparation and germination test of the treated seeds were the same as those in Example 3, and the seeds were treated with a water retaining agent at 5% of the seed weight. In the germination test, the seeds were watered once every five days, and the drought stress treatment was recorded as CK4.

[0126] Comparative Example 17

[0127] The preparation and germination test of the treated seeds were the same as those in Example 3, and the seeds were treated with a highly absorbent resin at 10% of the seed mass. The seeds were watered once every five days during the germination test, and the drought stress treatment was recorded as CK4.

[0128] Comparative Example 18

[0129] The preparation and germination test of the treated seeds were the same as those in Example 3, and the seeds were treated with a highly absorbent resin at 15% of the seed mass. The seeds were watered once every five days during the germination test, and the drought stress treatment was recorded as CK6.

[0130] The germination rates of Example 3 and Comparative Examples 14 to 18 were investigated, and the test results are shown in Table 6.

[0131] Table 6 Comparison of seed germination rate treated with different water retaining agents

[0132] Experimental treatment Germination rate (%) Comparative Example 14 CK1 60±3.00 Comparative Example 15 CK2 30±1.50 Example 3 CK3(*) 50±2.50 Comparative Example 16 CK4 45±2.25 Comparative Example 17 CK5 40±2.00 Comparative Example 18 CK6 35±1.75

[0133] As shown in Table 6, the germination rates of seeds after different water retainer treatments are different. The CK3 treatment (water retainer treatment of 1% of seed mass) has the best effect among the water retainer treatments. Therefore, the water retainer treatment of 1% of seed mass is selected as the water retainer ratio for subsequent experiments.

[0134] Example 4

[0135] Seed Type: Camphor seeds.

[0136] The polyvinyl alcohol with the optimum concentration screened out in Example 2 was used as the adhesive, that is, the concentration of polyvinyl alcohol was 80.00 g / L, the highly absorbent resin with the optimum concentration screened out in Example 3 was used as the water retaining agent, that is, the amount of the water retaining agent was 1% of the seed mass, and a mixture of diatomaceous earth and bentonite was used as a filler to coat the test seeds, wherein the filler contained 80 wt.% of diatomaceous earth and 20 wt.% of bentonite.

[0137] The specific steps of coating treatment are as follows: 500g of camphor seeds are mixed with 100g of polyvinyl alcohol with a concentration of 80.00g / L until semi-dry, then mixed with 5g of water retaining agent, and then mixed with 395g of filler until completely dry. The best filler formula is determined by measuring the shedding rate and uniformity.

[0138] Comparative Example 19 to Comparative Example 23

[0139] The steps are the same as those in Example 4, except that the ratio of diatomaceous earth and bentonite in the filler used is different. The filler is detailed in Table 7.

[0140] Table 7 Filler grouping (mass percentage)

[0141] Ingredients 1 2 3 4 5 6 diatomite 0 20 40 60 80 100 Bentonite 100 80 60 40 20 0 Comparative Example 19 Comparative Example 20 Comparative Example 21 Comparative Example 22 Example 4 Comparative Example 23

[0142] The best filler formula in Example 4 and Comparative Examples 19 to 23 is determined by measuring the shedding rate and uniformity. The specific steps are:

[0143] (1) Shedding rate: Weigh 5 g of coated seeds and place them in a constant temperature box for 1 hour. Take them out and cool them for 1 hour. Then weigh them. Put them in a beaker and oscillate them on an oscillator at 200 r / min for 1 hour. Use a 16-mesh sample sieve to remove the shed seed coating. Then weigh them again. Calculate the coating shedding rate according to the following formula:

[0144]

[0145] In the formula: m1 is the mass of seeds before coating; m2 is the mass of seeds before oscillation after coating; m3 is the mass of coated seeds after oscillation.

[0146] (2) Uniformity: Take two 50 mL beakers, add 10 coated seeds and 3 mL of ethanol to one, and add 100 coated seeds and 30 mL of ethanol to the other. Shake for 1 min and place in a constant temperature box at (36±1)°C for 30 min. Shake once every 10 min for 30 s each time. After the solution cools to room temperature, dilute to 10 mL and 100 mL with ethanol respectively. Using ethanol as a reference, measure the uniformity under the condition of absorbance A550. The calculation formula for coating uniformity is as follows:

[0147]

[0148] In the formula: A1 is the absorbance value of 10 coated seeds dissolved in ethanol and the volume is adjusted to 10 mL; A2 is the absorbance value of 100 coated seeds dissolved in ethanol and the volume is adjusted to 100 mL.

[0149] The test results of shedding rate and uniformity are shown in Table 8.

[0150] Table 8 Comparison of the effects of the tested seed filler formulations

[0151] deal with Dropout rate (%) Uniformity Comparative Example 19 1 32.70±0.74a 58.10±0.51c Comparative Example 20 2 23.36±0.79b 48.48±1.52d Comparative Example 21 3 21.59±0.66bc 48.72±1.28d Comparative Example 22 4 18.81±0.36c 59.96±0.93bc Example 4 5(*) 9.96±0.86d 81.67±0.44a Comparative Example 23 6 7.78±0.90d 64.73±0.33b

[0152] As shown in Table 8, the shedding rate and uniformity of different filler treatments are different. From the perspective of shedding rate, treatment 6 (diatomaceous earth 100wt.%; bentonite 0wt.%) has the lowest seed filler shedding rate, which is only 7.78%, followed by treatment 5 (diatomaceous earth 80wt.%; bentonite 20wt.%), which is 9.96%. From the perspective of uniformity, treatment 5 is the best, which is 81.67. From the perspective of comprehensive effect, the filler formula is the best, with diatomaceous earth 80wt.%; bentonite 20wt.%.

[0153] Example 5 Screening of Plant Growth Regulators Contained in Coating Agents

[0154] (I) Research on single-dose screening of plant growth regulators

[0155] Experimental materials: Cinnamomum camphora seeds.

[0156] Plant growth regulators tested: chlorpyrifos; ampicillin, rooting agents.

[0157] Plant growth regulators tested: uniconazole, rooting agent, and ammonium ethyl ester were selected for pot test;

[0158] Grouping: Five concentrations of uniconazole were set, and the solution concentrations were 25.00 mg / L, 50.00 mg / L, 100.00 mg / L, 200.00 mg / L, and 400.00 mg / L, which were respectively recorded as U1, U2, U3, U4, and U5;

[0159] The rooting agent was set to five concentrations, and the solution concentrations were 25.00 mg / L, 50.00 mg / L, 100.00 mg / L, 200.00 mg / L, and 400.00 mg / L, which were respectively denoted as R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5;

[0160] Five concentrations of diethylaminoethyl ester were set, and the solution concentrations were 50.00 mg / L, 100.00 mg / L, 200.00 mg / L, 400.00 mg / L, and 800.00 mg / L, which were respectively recorded as D1, D2, D3, D4, and D5;

[0161] Each group conducted 4 parallel experiments, and 10 seeds were selected for each parallel experiment;

[0162] Preparation method of treated seeds:

[0163] Take U1 as an example: Sodium alginate with a concentration of 40g / L is used as a film-forming agent to coat the plant growth regulator of each group. The specific coating steps are as follows:

[0164] 390 g of filler and 5 g of U1 were mixed to obtain 395 g of nutritional filler, wherein the filler contained 80 wt.% of diatomaceous earth and 20 wt.% of bentonite; 500 g of camphor seeds were mixed with 100 g of polyvinyl alcohol with a concentration of 80.00 g / L to a semi-dry state, and then mixed with 5 g of super absorbent resin (SAP) and 395 g of nutritional filler in sequence.

[0165] The experiment was carried out in a potted manner with a diameter of 21 cm × 10 cm. First, 4 / 5 of the volume of the potted mixed matrix was added to each pot. The mixed matrix was garden soil, peat soil and river sand. The mass ratio of garden soil, peat soil and river sand was 3:1:1). Then, an equal amount of water was poured through the soil. Then, 10 coated seeds were evenly sown on the soil surface, and then evenly covered with 2.00 cm thick soil and placed indoors. The rest of the management was the same as that of the field. For specific methods, please refer to the following literature: "The Growth-Promoting Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus Seed Coating and Drip Irrigation on Alfalfa ” (Lv Yanping. The growth-promoting effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi seed coating and drip irrigation on alfalfa [D]. Shihezi University, 2016.), “Effects of seed coating treatment on the physiological characteristics of cotton seedlings under low temperature stress” (Li Fangzhou. The effect of seed coating treatment on the physiological characteristics of cotton seedlings under low temperature stress [D]. Shihezi University, 2016.) and “Ramie seed coating and its effect on ramie growth and development” (Qi Liang. Ramie seed coating and its effect on ramie growth and development [D]. Hunan Agricultural University, 2014.).

[0166] After the 30th day of the experiment, 5 seedlings were randomly selected from each treatment for index determination, including plant height, stem diameter, root length, number of lateral roots, aboveground dry weight and underground dry weight. The measurement results are shown in Tables 9 and 10.

[0167] Table 9 Effect of single plant growth regulator on the growth of camphor seedlings

[0168]

[0169] Table 10 Effects of different plant growth regulators on camphor seedlings

[0170]

[0171] Analysis of the data in Tables 9 and 10 shows that different plant growth regulators have different effects on seedlings. There is no significant difference in plant height, root length and number of lateral roots when using the three regulators. However, for the stem thickness of seedlings, the use of ampicillin is significantly higher than that of chloranil and rooting agents, while the trends of aboveground dry weight and underground dry weight are consistent. In general, the use of ampicillin is better for the growth of seedlings.

[0172] Example 6

[0173] A blank experiment without adding any plant growth regulator was taken as the blank control, denoted as CK. Three concentrations of uniconazole were selected, namely 100.00 mg / L, 200.00 mg / L, and 400.00 mg / L, respectively denoted as U2, U3, and U4. Three concentrations of rooting agent were selected, namely 100.00 mg / L, 200.00 mg / L, and 400.00 mg / L, respectively denoted as R2, R3, and R4.

[0174] The nutrient used is a combination of U4R2, in which the mass ratio of uniconazole to a rooting agent is 4:1; sodium alginate with a concentration of 40 g / L is used as a film-forming agent to coat the seeds, and no growth regulator is added to the coating of the control treatment. The specific coating steps are: 390 g of a filler and 5 g of a nutrient are mixed to obtain 395 g of a nutrient filler, wherein the filler contains 80 wt.% of diatomaceous earth and 20 wt.% of bentonite; 500 g of camphor seeds are mixed with 100 g of polyvinyl alcohol with a concentration of 80.00 g / L to a semi-dry state, and then mixed with 5 g of a highly absorbent resin (SAP) and 395 g of the nutrient filler in sequence.

[0175] Comparative Examples 23 to 31 are respectively recorded as U2R2, U2R3, U2R4, U3R2, U3R3, U3R4, U4R3, U4R4 and CK (blank control).

[0176] In Example 6 and Comparative Examples 23-31, 10 Toona hairyosa plants with good growth conditions were randomly selected from each treatment for index measurement after 45 days of the experiment. The measured indicators were root length, root surface area, root diameter, root volume, number of root tips, and plant height. The measurement results are shown in Tables 11 and 12.

[0177] Table 11 Effects of different ratios of plant growth regulators on the root growth of Toona pubescens seedlings (I)

[0178] deal with Root length (cm) <![CDATA[Root surface area (cm 2 )]]> Root diameter (cm) <![CDATA[Root volume (cm 3 )]]> Number of root tips CK 76.67±9.19b 9.92±2.19abc 0.42±0.03abc 0.12±0.03ab 73.33±9.87a U2R2 65.83±29.58b 7.7±3.49c 0.37±0.01bcd 0.07±0.03b 84±69.36a U2R3 75.82±11.57b 11.72±2.18abc 0.44±0.01a 0.12±0.01ab 86±12.53a U2R4 66.54±30.46b 7.6±4.02c 0.35±0.03d 0.07±0.04b 77.33±42.12a U3R2 71.22±33.14b 7.92±4.24c 0.34±0.05d 0.07±0.04b 112±38.1a U3R3 108.73±39.44ab 15.06±6.86ab 0.41±0.05abc 0.16±0.09a 110.33±27.74a U3R4 63.7±25.14b 7.78±3.5c 0.38±0.02bcd 0.08±0.04b 70.67±22.19a U4R2(*) 125.2±31.71a 16.49±3.89a 0.42±0.02abc 0.17±0.04a 137±62.17a U4R3 95.79±28.79ab 12.83±3.96abc 0.43±0.01ab 0.14±0.04ab 81.33±15.95a U4R4 71.6±7.81b 9.44±0.74bc 0.42±0.02abc 0.1±0ab 72.67±13.65a

[0179] Table 12 Effects of different ratios of plant growth regulators on the root growth of Toona pubescens seedlings (II)

[0180]

[0181]

[0182] From the results recorded in Tables 11 and 12, it can be seen that in the test on the growth-promoting effect of different concentrations of clofosazole and rooting agent on the root system of seedlings, U4R2 treatment (400.00 mg / L clofosazole, 100.00 mg / L rooting agent) had a significant growth-promoting effect on the root length, root surface area, root volume, number of root tips and plant height of Toona hairyii plants, and U2R3 treatment (100.00 mg / L clofosazole, 200.00 mg / L rooting agent) had a significant growth-promoting effect on the root diameter of Toona hairyii plants. Overall, U4R2 treatment (400.00 mg / L clofosazole, 100.00 mg / L rooting agent) had the best effect compared with other concentration treatments.

[0183] Example 6

[0184] The mineral elements required for plant growth were divided into two categories: macro elements and trace elements, and were made into macro element combinations and trace element combinations respectively. The macro element combination was: C1 was 2.00 g / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 2.00 g / L urea, C2 was 4.00 g / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 4.00 g / L urea, and C3 was 8.00 g / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 8.00 g / L urea; the trace element combination was: W1 was 0.50 g / L boric acid, 0. 40g / L, magnesium sulfate 0.40g / L, copper sulfate 0.40g / L and sodium molybdate 0.15g / L, W2 is boric acid 1.00g / L, zinc sulfate 0.80g / L, magnesium sulfate 0.80g / L, copper sulfate 0.80g / L and sodium molybdate 0.30g / L, W3 is boric acid 1.50g / L, zinc sulfate 1.20g / L, magnesium sulfate 1.20g / L, copper sulfate 1.20g / L and sodium molybdate 0.45g / L.

[0185] Experimental seed type: Cinnamomum camphora seeds.

[0186] The nutrient used is a combination of C3 and W2, recorded as C3*W2, and the compound mass ratio of C3*W2 is 4.5:1; sodium alginate with a concentration of 40g / L is used as a film-forming agent to coat the seeds, and no nutrient is added to the coating of the control treatment. The specific coating steps are as follows:

[0187] 390g of filler and 5g of nutrient agent are mixed to obtain 395g of nutrient filler, wherein the filler contains 80wt.% of diatomaceous earth and 20wt.% of bentonite; 500g of camphor seeds are mixed with 100g of polyvinyl alcohol with a concentration of 80.00g / L to a semi-dry state, and then mixed with 5g of super absorbent resin (SAP) and 395g of nutrient filler in sequence.

[0188] Comparative Examples 32 to 39 are respectively recorded as C1*W1, C1*W2, C1*W3, C2*W1, C2*W2, C2*W3, C3*W1 and C3*W3.

[0189] In Example 6 and Comparative Examples 32 to 39, after the 45th day of the experiment, 15 test plants were randomly selected from each treatment and control for index measurement. The measured indexes were root length, plant height, stem diameter, number of lateral roots, aboveground dry weight, and underground dry weight. The measurement results are shown in Table 13.

[0190] Table 13 Effects of different nutrient element combinations on root growth of camphor seedlings

[0191]

[0192] Through the analysis of the experimental data recorded in Table 13, it can be seen that the effects of different nutrients on seedlings are different. There is no significant difference in the changes of plant height, root length, number of lateral roots, dry weight of the top and dry weight of the underground part among the three different nutrient element ratios. However, for stem diameter, the use of C3*W2 (urea 8.00g / L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 8.00g / L, boric acid 1.00g / L, zinc sulfate 0.80g / L, magnesium sulfate 0.80g / L, copper sulfate 0.80g / L and sodium molybdate 0.30g / L) is significantly higher than the other two ratio gradients, indicating that the application of C3*W2 can significantly increase the stem diameter of seedlings.

[0193] Application Example 1

[0194] 500g of seeds were placed in a pot and 100g of the solution was used with a concentration of 80.00g L -1 10g of AM fungus agent was mixed with polyvinyl alcohol as an adhesive until it was semi-dried; 285g of filler (the filler was a mixture of 80wt.% diatomaceous earth and 20wt.% bentonite) and 5g of super absorbent resin (SAP) powder were added, and the seeds were stirred continuously with a glass stirring rod until they were pelletized; after they were completely dried, 100g of 40.00g·L -1 Sodium alginate is used as a film-forming agent to coat the seed pellets; the coated seeds are placed in an environment of 30°C and air-dried to obtain treated seeds, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 The hierarchical relationship among AM fungal agents, adhesives, water retaining agents, fillers, film formers and seeds is shown.

[0195] Application Example 2 Preparation and Evaluation of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Biological Seed Coating Agent

[0196] (1) Preparation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal biological seed coating agent

[0197] Test method:

[0198] Test strains: This study used Claroideoglomus claroideum Cc-01 (invention patent number ZL201911249137.X) with independent intellectual property rights of Jiangxi Agricultural University as the test strain.

[0199] Test plants: The test seeds are camphor seeds.

[0200] Cultivation medium: The garden soil used for potted plants was collected from the flower and bonsai teaching base of Jiangxi Agricultural University. The soil samples were placed in a ventilated place to dry naturally, then sieved through a 1 cm pore sieve to remove stones and roots of other plants in the soil. The basic physical and chemical properties of the soil were determined, and the soil was sterilized at 121°C under high temperature and humidity conditions for later use.

[0201] Coating material: Coating material refers to the solid material surrounding the outside of the seeds. This test uses the coating material formula with the best concentration selected in Examples 1 to 6 for testing.

[0202] Preparation of inoculants:

[0203] The preserved Glomus cerevisiae Cc-01 inoculum was inoculated into a matrix for propagation, wherein the number of active spores in the preserved inoculum was 60 / g, 10 g / pot was inoculated, and the inoculation amount per pot was 600 active spores. The matrix was a mixture of zeolite and sand, and the mass ratio of zeolite to sand was 1:1. The host plant used for propagation was sorghum, and 30 germinated seeds were sown in each pot. The AM fungal inoculum containing spores, mycelium, and infected root segments was harvested 3 months after inoculation.

[0204] Coated seed preparation process: weigh 50g of test seeds and put them into a round bottom basin, mix 0.2g of regulator and 0.3g of nutrient elements to obtain nutrient agent; wherein the regulator is a mixture of 400.00mg / L clofosazole and 100.00mg / L rooting agent, the volume ratio of clofosazole to rooting agent is 4:1, the nutrient elements are 8.00g / L urea, 8.00g / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.50g / L boric acid, 0.40g / L zinc sulfate, 0.40g / L magnesium sulfate, 0.40g / L copper sulfate, and the mass ratio of urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, boric acid, zinc sulfate, magnesium sulfate and copper sulfate is 20:20:1.25:1:1:1;

[0205] 0.5 g of the nutrient agent is mixed with 28 g of the filler to obtain 28.5 g of the nutrient filler, wherein the filler contains 80 wt.% of diatomaceous earth and 20 wt.% of bentonite;

[0206] First, 11g of adhesive accompanied by AM fungal agent is sprayed, wherein the adhesive accompanied by AM fungal agent is obtained by mixing polyvinyl alcohol with a concentration of 80g / L and AM fungal agent in a mass ratio of 10:1. After reaching a semi-dry state, 28.5g of nutrient filler and 0.5g of super absorbent resin (SAP) powder are added, and the seeds are continuously stirred with a glass stirring rod until they are pelletized. After complete drying, 10g of film-forming agent is added, wherein the film-forming agent is sodium alginate with a concentration of 40.00g / L. The operation is alternated several times continuously, and the coated seeds are placed in an environment of 30°C for air drying.

[0207] (2) Evaluation of the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi seed coating agents

[0208] Test method:

[0209] The active ingredient content of AM fungal agent in the above-prepared arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal biological seed coating agent was recorded as 100%, and then the active ingredient dosage of AM fungal agent in the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal biological seed coating agent was 50.00%, 75.00%, 100.00%, 125.00% and 150.00% respectively as treatment groups, which were recorded as Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4 and Z5 respectively. At the same time, conventional seed coating agents and microbial seed coating agents sold on the market were selected to coat the test seeds as positive controls, represented by CK1 and CKW respectively, among which the conventional seed coating agent was Syngenta Bright Shield-Methylchloride Seed Coating Agent (xzdld-100); the microbial seed coating agent was Qingdao Songtian Biotechnology Co., Ltd.-Dingwanjin Seed Dressing Agent; in addition, the test seeds not treated with seed coating agents were used as blank controls, represented by CK0, and the cultivation management was the same as the single-dose screening.

[0210] The preparation method of the AM fungal inoculant with an active ingredient content of 150% is as follows: first weigh 1.5g of the AM fungal inoculant with an active ingredient content of 100%, and sieve out 0.5g of zeolite with a 1mm sieve to obtain the AM fungal inoculant with an active ingredient content of 150%;

[0211] Preparation method of 1g AM fungal inoculant with 125% active ingredient: first weigh 1.25g AM fungal inoculant with 100% active ingredient content, sieve out 0.25g zeolite with a 1mm sieve, and then obtain 1g AM fungal inoculant with 125% active ingredient content;

[0212] The preparation method of 1g of AM fungal inoculant with 75% active ingredients is as follows: first weigh 0.75g of AM fungal inoculant with 100% active ingredients, and then add 0.25g of sterilized boiling sand culture matrix to obtain 1g of AM fungal inoculant with 75% active ingredients;

[0213] The preparation method of 1g AM fungal inoculant with 50% active ingredients is as follows: first weigh 0.5g AM fungal inoculant with 100% active ingredients, and then add 0.5g sterilized boiling sand culture matrix to obtain 1g AM fungal inoculant with 50% active ingredients.

[0214] The dynamic investigation of seedling emergence began on the first day of emergence. The number of insect holes and notches in each treatment was investigated and the rate of affected plants was calculated after 5 days of emergence. The number of plants with root rot and their classification were investigated after 45 days of emergence. Fifteen test plants were randomly selected from each treatment and control group for index determination. The measurement indexes consisted of morphological indexes and physiological and biochemical indexes. Morphological indexes included plant height, stem thickness, and root length. Physiological and biochemical indexes consisted of chlorophyll content, soluble sugar content, and soluble protein content. The specific detection methods refer to "Effects of different seed coating concentrations on corn germination and physiology" (Li Jibai, Wang Cuiling, Dong Puhui, et al. Effects of different seed coating concentrations on corn germination and physiology [J]. Guangdong Agricultural Science, 2014, 41(17): 4-8.).

[0215] The test results are shown in Table 14.

[0216] Table 14 Effects of different combinations of products on seedling indicators

[0217]

[0218]

[0219] As shown in Table 14, the test results of the effects of different combinations of products on seedling growth show that the growth indicators of the blank treatment of seeds without coating (CK0) are lower than those of the coating treatment. Among the different active ingredient dosages, Z4 (125%) performed best, and its plant height, root length, chlorophyll content, and soluble sugar content were significantly higher than those of other treatments. In general, the use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi seed coating agent has a certain promoting effect on the growth of seedlings, and the coating active dosage of 125% is the best treatment.

[0220] Application Example 3

[0221] Seedling stage test of coated seeds

[0222] Take a 34×23cm flowerpot with holes at the bottom and add equal amounts of cultivation medium. The cultivation medium is garden soil, peat soil and river sand. The mass ratio of garden soil, peat soil and river sand is 3:1:1.

[0223] Four treatments were set up: uncoated, AM fungus inoculated, pelletized coating treatment 1, and pelletized coating treatment 2. AM fungus inoculated was to directly add AM fungal agents into the soil, pelletized coating treatment 1 was a treatment with a drug mass ratio of 1:1, and pelletized coating treatment 2 was a treatment with a drug mass ratio of 2:1. The drugs used were all the drugs prepared in step (1) of Application Example 2.

[0224] Four parallel experiments were conducted for each treatment, 20 seeds were sown in each parallel experiment, the pots were placed in a constant temperature culture room at 26°C, the pots were randomly placed, and the seedlings were thinned to 10 plants per pot after the seeds germinated.

[0225] (1) Seedling quality measurement (seedling emergence rate and seedling death rate)

[0226] Statistics began after four weeks of the experiment, and the calculation formula is:

[0227]

[0228]

[0229] (2) Method for determining the infection rate of AM fungi

[0230] After 12 weeks of the experiment, 4 plants were randomly selected from each pot to determine the AM fungal infection rate: 2-3 g of fine roots were randomly selected from different parts of the root system of the test plants, and the fine roots were cut into small sections of 0.5-1 cm and placed in test tubes. A potassium hydroxide solution with a mass concentration of 5-10% was added to the solution and heated in a 90°C water bath for 20-60 min. The time for old roots was extended according to the specific situation. After the roots were taken out, they were rinsed with distilled water and soaked in a 2% hydrochloric acid solution for about 5 min. Take out and rinse, and finally add 0.01% acid fuchsin lactic acid glycerol staining solution (0.01% acid fuchsin lactic acid glycerol staining solution is composed of 875mL lactic acid, 63mL glycerol, 63mL distilled water, and 0.10g acid fuchsin), and then put it in a 90℃ water bath and heat it for 20 to 60min, and leave it at room temperature overnight. After staining, add lactic acid for color separation, and detect the mycorrhizal infection rate under a stereo microscope. The mycorrhizal infection rate of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi is calculated using the following formula:

[0231] Mycorrhizal infection rate (%) = (number of mycorrhizal segments / number of tested root segments) × 100%.

[0232] The test results are shown in Table 15 and Figure 2 .

[0233] Table 15 Seedling indicators under different treatments

[0234] deal with Seedling rate Seedling mortality rate Mycorrhizal infection rate Uncoated 45％ 14％ 0 AM fungus inoculation 56％ 3％ 30％ Pelletizing and coating process 1 75％ 8％ 34％ Pelletizing and coating process 2 78％ 6％ 42％

[0235] From Table 15 and Figure 2 It can be seen that the seedling indicators under the four different treatments are different. The seedling emergence rate of the uncoated treatment is the lowest and the seedling death rate is the highest. The mycorrhizal infection rate is 0, indicating that there is no interference from external fungi during planting. After inoculation with AM fungi, the seedling emergence rate increased, the seedling death rate decreased, and the mycorrhizal infection rate was about 30%. The seedling emergence rate and mycorrhizal infection rate of the two treatments coated with pellets continued to increase, and the seedling death rate continued to decrease, indicating that the seeds treated with pellet coating have a certain improvement in various indicators. The use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi seed coating has important practical value in future applications.

[0236] In summary, the seed coating agent provided by the present invention mainly comprises AM fungal agent, film-forming agent, adhesive, water-retaining agent and filler. Among them, when there is no significant difference in the film-forming property, air permeability and water solubility of three different film-forming agents, the water permeability of 40g / L sodium alginate is better than that of hydroxyethyl cellulose and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, so sodium alginate is selected as the film-forming agent; for adhesives and water-retaining agents, polyvinyl alcohol with a concentration of 80.00g / L and water-retaining agent with a seed mass of 1% have the best performance, and have good adhesion and water retention; the best ratio of filler is 80wt.% diatomaceous earth: 20wt.% bentonite. Through multiple group compounding tests, when selecting plant growth regulators contained in seed coating agents, the combined effect of chloranil and rooting agent on seedlings is significantly lower than that of ammonium sulfate, and the optimal concentration combination is chloranil 400.00 mg / L and rooting agent 100.00 mg / L from the root length, root surface area, root volume, root diameter, root tip number, and plant height; and the ratio of suitable nutrient elements for seed coating agents is selected as urea 8.00 g / L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 8.00 g / L, boric acid 0.50 g / L, zinc sulfate 0.40 g / L, magnesium sulfate 0.40 g / L, and copper sulfate 0.40 g / L. Through the coating agent, the seeds are wrapped as seed coatings before sowing, so that the seeds can directly contact AM fungi during germination, so that the positive effects of AM fungi can be fully and stably exerted.

[0237] Although the present invention has been disclosed as above in the preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with this technology can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the definition of the claims.

Claims

1. A seed coating agent, characterized in that: The raw materials of the seed coating agent are: AM fungal agent, adhesive, filler, water retaining agent and film-forming agent; The mass ratio of the AM fungal agent, adhesive, filler, water-retaining agent and film-forming agent is 1-2:10-20:50-60:1:10-20; The film-forming agent is sodium alginate; the concentration of the sodium alginate is 40 g / L; The adhesive is polyvinyl alcohol; the concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol is 80g / L; The fillers are diatomaceous earth and bentonite; the mass ratio of diatomaceous earth to bentonite is 8:2; The water retaining agent is a highly absorbent resin, and the dosage of the water retaining agent is 1% of the mass of the seeds.

2. The seed coating agent according to claim 1, characterized in that The seed coating agent also includes nutrients; the nutrients include plant growth regulators and / or mineral elements.

3. The seed coating agent according to claim 2, characterized in that The plant growth regulator comprises uniconazole and a rooting agent; the mineral elements comprise urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, boric acid, zinc sulfate, magnesium sulfate and copper sulfate.

4. The seed coating agent according to claim 3, characterized in that The mass ratio of uniconazole to the rooting agent in the plant growth regulator is 3.5-4.5:1; the concentration of uniconazole is 400 mg / L, and the concentration of the rooting agent is 100 mg / L.

5. Use of the seed coating agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in coating crop seeds, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the crop seeds to the seed coating agent is 1:1-1.

5.

6. A method for coating crop seeds, characterized in that: Prepared by using the seed coating agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4; When the seed coating agent does not include a nutrient, the method comprises the following steps: mixing the seeds with the AM fungal agent, the adhesive, the filler, the water retaining agent and the film-forming agent in the seed coating agent in sequence to obtain treated seeds; When the seed coating agent includes a nutrient, the method comprises the following steps: Mixing the nutrient and the filler to obtain a nutrient filler; The seeds are sequentially mixed with the AM fungal agent, adhesive, nutrient filler, water retaining agent and film-forming agent in the seed coating agent to obtain treated seeds.

7. Use of the seed coating agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4, or the use according to claim 5, or the treated seed prepared by the method according to claim 6 in promoting plant growth.

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