An anaerobic treatment system for large-scale kitchen waste

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of kitchen waste treatment, and provides a large-scale kitchen waste anaerobic treatment system, which comprises a pretreatment device, a solid residue treatment device, a three-phase separator, a high-temperature anaerobic fermentation integrated device, a sand removal device, a biogas device and a biogas combustion device. The large-scale kitchen waste anaerobic treatment system has the advantages of short process flow, few process equipment, small land occupation, high gas production rate, high methane concentration, long-term stable equipment operation, easy automatic control and the like, and can improve the operation efficiency of the whole plant, economic benefits, reduce operation cost and investment cost and the like.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of kitchen waste treatment, and more particularly to a large-scale kitchen waste anaerobic treatment system. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of economy, large-scale kitchen waste treatment in China has adopted anaerobic fermentation plus biogas power generation for treatment. With the popularization and application of kitchen waste anaerobic biogas engineering, more and more problems have been exposed.

[0003] The traditional kitchen anaerobic system respectively sets single-function devices such as a large impurity removal device, a residue removal device, a sand removal device, a heating oil removal device, a heat exchange device, a hydrolysis acidification tank body, and an anaerobic device. Some processes even provide multiple sets of equipment, resulting in defects such as large land occupation, complicated process, many fault points, complex control process, and difficulty in realizing automatic control.

[0004] According to research, high-temperature anaerobic fermentation has a large gas production, but the acid inhibition of high-temperature anaerobic fermentation treatment system has not been well applied. The industry still mostly adopts mesophilic anaerobic fermentation, and the application of high-temperature anaerobic fermentation is limited. In addition, there are still problems such as scabbing, sand settling and sand removal, and incomplete oil removal during the operation of anaerobic fermentation, resulting in adverse effects such as a decrease in effective volume and a significant decrease in gas production.

[0005] In addition, large-scale anaerobic biogas engineering has problems such as many devices, large land occupation, and complex control, resulting in high investment and high operating cost. Therefore, how to reduce investment, reduce land occupation, reduce operating cost, improve economic benefit, facilitate control, simplify process flow, reduce the number of devices, improve device efficiency, and stabilize and continuously high gas production rate has become a key problem for kitchen waste anaerobic treatment. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of the above problems, the embodiments of the present application provide a large-scale kitchen waste anaerobic treatment system, which has advantages such as a short process flow, few process devices, small land occupation, high gas production rate, high methane concentration, difficulty in scabbing and sand settling, elimination of acid inhibition and ammonia inhibition effects, oil removal during anaerobic process, long-term stable operation of devices, and easy automatic control, and achieves the purposes of improving the operating efficiency and economic benefit of the whole plant, reducing operating cost, and reducing investment cost.

[0007] To achieve the above purposes, the technical solution adopted by the present application is to provide a large-scale kitchen waste anaerobic treatment system, which comprises a pretreatment device, a residue treatment device, a three-phase separator, a high-temperature anaerobic fermentation integrated device, a sand removal device, a biogas device, and a biogas combustion device.

[0008] The front treatment device is communicated with the biogas combustion device through a steam heating pipe, and is internally provided with a grease collecting hopper, a filtrate discharging hopper, a kitchen liquid collecting hopper and a sundry discharging hopper;

[0009] The front treatment device is connected with the solid residue treatment device, and both the front treatment device and the solid residue treatment device are connected with a kitchen liquid pool, and the kitchen liquid pool is connected with the three-phase separator.

[0010] The front treatment device, the high-temperature anaerobic fermentation integrated device and the three-phase separator are all connected with a storage oil pool.

[0011] The three-phase separator is connected with the high-temperature anaerobic fermentation integrated device and guides the separated filtrate into the high-temperature anaerobic fermentation integrated device.

[0012] The high-temperature anaerobic fermentation integrated device comprises a tank body, a hydrolysis acidification zone, an oil separation adjustment zone and a biogas production zone which are sequentially communicated in the tank body; the mixture in the hydrolysis acidification zone flows into the oil separation adjustment zone by top overflow, and then flows to the biogas production zone through the bottom of the oil separation adjustment zone; the sand removing device is communicated with the tank body; the biogas production zone is communicated with the biogas device; and the biogas device is communicated with the biogas combustion device.

[0013] In one embodiment, an inner ring partition and an outer ring partition are arranged in the tank body; the hydrolysis acidification zone is formed in the inner ring partition; the oil separation adjustment zone is formed between the inner ring partition and the outer ring partition; the biogas production zone is formed between the outer ring partition and the side wall of the tank body; and a stirring device is arranged at the top of the tank body and extends into the hydrolysis acidification zone.

[0014] In one embodiment, a plurality of mounting ports are arranged at the top of the tank body, and a filler grid pipe is detachably inserted into each mounting port; the filler grid pipe is inserted into the oil separation adjustment zone through the mounting port; the filler grid pipe is filled with ammonia-nitrogen absorbing filler and alkaline filler; an oil absorption pipe is arranged at the top of the filler grid pipe; and the oil absorption pipe is communicated with the storage oil pool through a pipeline and a suction pump.

[0015] In one embodiment, the sand removing device comprises a sand remover, a sand removing pipe, a backflow pipe, a sand removing pump and a backflow pump; one end of the sand removing pipe is communicated with the upper part of the hydrolysis acidification zone, and the other end is connected with the sand remover; one end of the backflow pipe is communicated with the lower part of the hydrolysis acidification zone, and the other end is connected with the sand remover; the sand removing pump is arranged on the sand removing pipe; and the backflow pump is arranged on the backflow pipe.

[0016] In one embodiment, the top of the inner circle partition is provided with an annular sand discharge groove, the annular sand discharge groove is provided with a sand collecting pipe extending out of the tank body, the bottom of the hydrolysis acidification zone is provided with an inner sand discharge pipe extending out of the tank body, the bottom of the biogas production zone is provided with an outer sand discharge pipe extending out of the tank body, the upper part of the biogas production zone is provided with a liquid discharge pipe connected with a sewage treatment system, and the top of the biogas production zone is provided with a gas discharge pipe connected with a biogas device.

[0017] In one embodiment, the biogas device comprises a gas bag and a biogas buffer bin connected with each other, the biogas buffer bin is connected with the biogas combustion device through a biogas discharge pipeline, the biogas buffer bin is connected with the reflux pipe through a biogas inlet pipeline and a three-way electromagnetic valve, the biogas discharge pipeline is provided with a first biogas fan, and the biogas inlet pipeline is provided with a second biogas fan.

[0018] In one embodiment, the bottom of the tank body is connected with the three-phase separator through a water inlet pipe, and a plurality of water distribution pipes are arranged on the pipeline in the hydrolysis acidification zone, and each water distribution pipe is provided with an anti-blocking cap.

[0019] In one embodiment, the pretreatment device comprises a rack, a shell arranged on the rack, and a separation cylinder rotatably arranged in the shell; a spiral conveying plate is arranged in the separation cylinder, a plurality of separation holes are arranged on the separation cylinder, an oil collection hopper, a filtrate discharge hopper, and a kitchen liquid collection hopper are arranged at the bottom of the shell respectively, a large debris discharge hopper is arranged at the discharge end of the separation cylinder, an overflow hole is arranged between the oil collection hopper and the filtrate discharge hopper, and an overflow pipe is arranged between the filtrate discharge hopper and the kitchen liquid collection hopper.

[0020] In one embodiment, a light substance discharge door is arranged on the filtrate discharge hopper, a water supplementing opening is arranged on the filtrate discharge hopper, an emergency liquid discharge opening is arranged on the kitchen liquid collection hopper, and a discharge opening of the filtrate discharge hopper is arranged on a sand discharge elevator connected with the large debris discharge hopper.

[0021] In one embodiment, a front end of the pretreatment device is provided with a garbage feeding device, the garbage feeding device comprises a rack body, a discharge hopper arranged on the rack body, an inclined spiral conveyor arranged on the rack body in an inclined manner, and a horizontal spiral conveyor arranged on the rack body in a horizontal manner, and the horizontal spiral conveyor extends into the separation cylinder.

[0022] The large-scale kitchen waste anaerobic treatment system provided by the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] First, the existing hydrolysis acidification tank and anaerobic device are combined into one by the high-temperature anaerobic fermentation integrated device, the number of equipment is reduced, and the mixed liquid in the tank is lifted twice, which is 1.5 times more than the residence time of the traditional anaerobic device. The hydrolysis acidification and methanogenesis stages are carried out in different zones in the tank, which eliminates the influence of acid inhibition and ammonia inhibition, has the advantages of high gas production efficiency, high methane concentration, and can realize tank PH value adjustment.

[0024] Second, the front treatment device is connected with the biogas combustion device through the steam heating pipe, so that the generated methane is burned to generate high-temperature steam, and the kitchen waste in the front treatment device is heated to achieve high-temperature conditions. The front treatment device can realize the preliminary separation of water, kitchen liquid and solid waste, and the oil separation adjustment zone in the high-temperature anaerobic fermentation integrated device realizes the secondary separation of the three-phase separator and the micro oil extraction, so as to improve the oil extraction rate and maximize the economic benefit.

[0025] Third, the separate large impurity removal device, clear impurity removal device, oil removal heater, heat exchange device, hydrolysis acidification tank and other devices in the traditional anaerobic system are highly integrated in the front treatment device and the high-temperature anaerobic fermentation integrated device, so as to reduce the number of equipment, reduce the floor area, and reduce the difficulty of operation control.

[0026] Fourth, the front treatment device is connected with the biogas combustion device through the steam heating pipe, so that the driven heat exchange device is not used, the large storage pool required for timely heat exchange is reduced, the operation cycle and the floor area are greatly reduced, and the temperature guarantee for high-temperature fermentation is provided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creating labor.

[0028] Figure 1 The overall layout schematic diagram of the large-scale kitchen waste anaerobic treatment system provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown.

[0029] Figure 2 The structure schematic diagram of the garbage feeding device and the front treatment device in the large-scale kitchen waste anaerobic treatment system provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown.

[0030] Figure 3 The structure schematic diagram of the front treatment device in the large-scale kitchen waste anaerobic treatment system provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown.

[0031] Figure 4A connection relationship schematic diagram of a biogas device, a sand removal device and a high-temperature anaerobic fermentation integrated device in the large-scale kitchen waste anaerobic treatment system provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0032] Figure 5 A structure schematic diagram of the high-temperature anaerobic fermentation integrated device in the large-scale kitchen waste anaerobic treatment system provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0033] Figure 6 A structure schematic diagram of the packing grid tube in the large-scale kitchen waste anaerobic treatment system provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0034] Figure 7 A top view layout schematic diagram of the packing grid tube in the high-temperature anaerobic fermentation integrated device in the large-scale kitchen waste anaerobic treatment system provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0035] In the figure, various reference signs are as follows:

[0036] 1, garbage feeding device; 11, frame body; 12, discharge hopper; 13, inclined screw conveyor; 14, horizontal screw conveyor; 2, pretreatment device; 21, rack; 22, shell; 221, grease collection hopper; 222, filtrate discharge hopper; 223, kitchen liquid collection hopper; 224, large sundry discharge hopper; 225, overflow hole; 226, overflow pipe; 227, light substance discharge door; 228, water supplement port; 229, emergency liquid discharge port; 23, separation cylinder; 231, screw conveying plate; 232, separation hole; 233, drag wheel; 24, spray pipe; 25, sand discharge elevator; 3, solid residue treatment device; 31, shredder; 32, extruder; 4, three-phase separator; 5, high-temperature anaerobic fermentation integrated device; 51, tank body; 511, inner ring partition plate; 512, outer ring partition plate; 513, mounting port; 514, annular sand discharge groove; 515, sand collection pipe; 516, inner sand discharge pipe; 517, outer sand discharge pipe; 518, liquid discharge pipe; 519, gas discharge pipe; 52, hydrolysis acidification zone; 53, oil separation adjustment zone; 54, biogas generation zone; 55, packing grid tube; 551, oil absorption pipe; 552, suction pump; 56, water inlet pipe; 57, stirring device; 58, water distribution pipe; 59, anti-blocking cap; 6, sand removal device; 61, sand remover; 62, sand removal pipe; 63, backflow pipe; 64, sand removal pump; 65, backflow pump; 7, biogas device; 71, gas pocket; 72, biogas buffer bin; 73, biogas discharge pipeline; 74, biogas inlet pipeline; 75, three-way electromagnetic valve; 76, first biogas fan; 77, second biogas fan; 8, biogas combustion device; 9, steam heating pipe; 10, kitchen liquid pool; 101, oil storage pool; 102, sewage treatment system; 103, solid residue filtrate pool; 104, extruded solid residue pool. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and not intended to limit the present application.

[0038] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0039] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only used to facilitate the description of the present application and simplify the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0040] In addition, the terms "first", "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise explicitly and specifically limited.

[0041] As Figures 1-7 shown, a large-scale kitchen waste anaerobic treatment system provided by the embodiment of the present application will now be described. The large-scale kitchen waste anaerobic treatment system comprises a pretreatment device 2, a solid residue treatment device 3, a three-phase separator 4, a high-temperature anaerobic fermentation integrated device 5, a desanding device 6, a biogas device 7 and a biogas combustion device 8.

[0042] The front treatment device 2 is connected with the solid residue treatment device 3, the solid residue treatment device 3 is used for treating the separated solid waste, and the kitchen filter liquid contained in the solid waste is separated and transferred to the extrusion solid residue pool 104 for collection, and then is transported to the solid waste treatment plant for treatment; the front treatment device 2 and the solid residue treatment device 3 are both connected with the kitchen liquid pool 10, the kitchen filter liquid separated by the front treatment device 2 and the solid residue treatment device 3 is introduced into the kitchen liquid pool 10 for collection, the kitchen liquid pool 10 is connected with the three-phase separator 4, and the three-phase separator 4 is used for three-phase separation of solid-liquid-oil of the kitchen filter liquid; the front treatment device 2, the high-temperature anaerobic fermentation integrated device 5 and the three-phase separator 4 are all connected with the oil storage pool 101, and the oil separated by the front treatment device 2, the high-temperature anaerobic fermentation integrated device 5 and the three-phase separator 4 is introduced into the oil storage pool 101 for collection.

[0043] The front treatment device 2 is connected with the solid residue treatment device 3, the solid residue treatment device 3 is used for treating the separated solid waste, and the kitchen filter liquid contained in the solid waste is separated and transferred to the extrusion solid residue pool 104 for collection, and then is transported to the solid waste treatment plant for treatment; the front treatment device 2 and the solid residue treatment device 3 are both connected with the kitchen liquid pool 10, the kitchen filter liquid separated by the front treatment device 2 and the solid residue treatment device 3 is introduced into the kitchen liquid pool 10 for collection, the kitchen liquid pool 10 is connected with the three-phase separator 4, and the three-phase separator 4 is used for three-phase separation of solid-liquid-oil of the kitchen filter liquid; the front treatment device 2, the high-temperature anaerobic fermentation integrated device 5 and the three-phase separator 4 are all connected with the oil storage pool 101, and the oil separated by the front treatment device 2, the high-temperature anaerobic fermentation integrated device 5 and the three-phase separator 4 is introduced into the oil storage pool 101 for collection.

[0044] The three-phase separator 4 is connected with the high-temperature anaerobic fermentation integrated device 5 and introduces the separated filter liquid into the high-temperature anaerobic fermentation integrated device 5, and the high-temperature anaerobic fermentation integrated device 5 is used for high-temperature anaerobic fermentation of the kitchen filter liquid and generation of biogas.

[0045] Specifically, the high-temperature anaerobic fermentation integrated device 5 comprises a tank body 51, a hydrolysis acidification zone 52, an oil separation adjustment zone 53 and a biogas generation zone 54 which are sequentially connected in the tank body 51; the mixture in the hydrolysis acidification zone 52 flows into the oil separation adjustment zone 53 by top overflow, and then flows to the biogas generation zone 54 through the bottom of the oil separation adjustment zone 53, wherein the hydrolysis acidification zone 52 is used for realizing hydrolysis acidification treatment of the organic matter in the kitchen filter liquid, the oil separation adjustment zone 53 is used for oil removal and PH value adjustment of the mixed liquid after hydrolysis acidification, on one hand, micro-filtration of the oil, and on the other hand, PH value adjustment of the mixed liquid after acidification, to avoid acid inhibition and ammonia inhibition of the methanogenic bacteria by the mixed liquid after acidification, to ensure the gas production and efficiency of methane in the biogas generation zone.

[0046] In the embodiment, the sand removing device 6 is communicated with the tank 51 for sand removing treatment of the tank 51, the biogas production area 54 is communicated with the biogas device 7 for discharging the produced methane into the biogas device 7 for collection, and the biogas device 7 is communicated with the biogas combustion device 8 so that the self-produced methane can be directly used to provide temperature guarantee for the high-temperature anaerobic fermentation of the system. In the embodiment, the biogas combustion device 8 is a biogas boiler. The biogas boiler provides high-temperature steam into the front treatment device 2 through the steam heating pipe 9.

[0047] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 , in the embodiment, the tank 51 is provided with an inner ring partition plate 511 and an outer ring partition plate 512. The hydrolysis acidification area 52 is formed in the inner ring partition plate 511. The oil separation adjustment area 53 is formed between the inner ring partition plate 511 and the outer ring partition plate 512. The biogas production area 54 is formed between the outer ring partition plate 512 and the side wall of the tank 51. The bottom of the inner ring partition plate 511 is arranged at the bottom of the tank 51. The top of the inner tube partition plate is spaced apart from the top of the tank 51. Thus, the mixed liquid in the hydrolysis acidification area 52 enters the oil separation adjustment area 53 by overflowing the top of the inner ring partition plate 511. The top of the outer ring partition plate 512 is fixed to the top of the tank 51. The bottom of the outer ring partition plate 512 is spaced apart from the bottom of the tank 51. Thus, the mixed liquid in the oil separation adjustment area 53 enters the bottom of the biogas production area 54 through the bottom of the outer ring partition plate 512, realizing twice upflow of the mixed liquid in the tank 51.

[0048] In the embodiment, the top of the tank 51 is provided with a stirring device 57 extending into the hydrolysis acidification area 52. The stirring device 57 is a conventional device, such as including a motor, a stirring shaft and stirring blades. The stirring device 57 is arranged on the axis of the tank 51.

[0049] In the embodiment, the top of the tank body 51 is provided with a plurality of installation openings 513, and a filler grid pipe 55 is detachably inserted into each installation opening 513. The filler grid pipe 55 is inserted into the oil separation and adjustment area 53 through the installation opening 513. The filler grid pipe 55 is filled with ammonia-nitrogen absorbing filler and alkaline filler. The top of the filler grid pipe 55 is provided with an oil absorption pipe 551. The oil absorption pipe 551 is connected to the oil storage pool 101 through a pipeline and a suction pump 552. The filler grid pipe 55 is arranged at an equal arc distance in the oil separation and adjustment area 53. The ammonia-nitrogen absorbing filler in the filler grid pipe 55 is used to absorb ammonia-nitrogen in the mixed solution. The alkaline filler is used to neutralize the acidity of the mixed solution, increase the PH value, and avoid ammonia inhibition and acid inhibition. The oil absorption pipe 551 is connected to the oil storage pool 101 through a pipeline and a suction pump 552, and is used to discharge the oil in the oil separation and adjustment area 53 into the oil storage pool 101, so as to realize micro oil extraction of the oil. The filler grid pipe 55 is installed in a detachable insertion mode, so that the ammonia-nitrogen absorbing filler and the alkaline filler in the filler grid pipe 55 can be conveniently pulled out and replaced.

[0050] The large-scale kitchen waste anaerobic treatment system provided in the embodiment has the following positive beneficial effects:

[0051] Firstly, the existing hydrolysis acidification tank body and anaerobic device are combined into one through the high-temperature anaerobic fermentation integrated device 5, the number of devices used is reduced, and the tank body 51 realizes twice upflow, which is 1.5 times or more than the residence time of the mixed solution in the traditional anaerobic device, and the organic load is 1.2-1.5 times that of the traditional anaerobic reactor.

[0052] Secondly, the hydrolysis acidification and the methane production stage are independently partitioned in the tank body 51, effectively solving the VFA accumulation and acid inhibition problems. Through the PH value adjustment effect of the oil separation and adjustment area 53, the influence of acid inhibition is further eliminated, and the system has the advantages of high gas production efficiency, high methane concentration, and tank PH value adjustment.

[0053] Thirdly, the tank body is provided with the filler grid pipe filled with ammonia-nitrogen absorbing filler, which plays a role in absorbing ammonia-nitrogen and avoiding ammonia inhibition of the anaerobic reaction. The high-temperature anaerobic fermentation integrated device 5 is provided with an external sand removal device 6. The device and the high-temperature anaerobic fermentation integrated device 5 form a closed environment, can realize sand removal treatment of the kitchen waste liquid in the anaerobic area of the anaerobic tank during operation, and can continuously operate in a sealed state. An oil absorption pipeline and a ring-shaped sand removal groove are arranged, and multiple measures are taken to ensure that the sand and scum in the anaerobic tank are completely removed.

[0054] Fourthly, the high-temperature anaerobic fermentation integrated device 5 and the pretreatment device 2 are effectively combined in terms of heat energy. The temperature of the feed after being heated by steam in the pretreatment device is 60-70 degrees Celsius. After entering the high-temperature anaerobic fermentation system, the temperature is about 50 degrees Celsius. Energy loss is effectively avoided, and the flowability and processability of the material are improved.

[0055] The whole system has high oil extraction rate. The pre-treatment device is connected with the biogas combustion device 8 through the steam heating pipe 9, so that the high-temperature steam generated by the combustion of the system-generated methane is used to heat the kitchen waste in the pre-treatment device to achieve high-temperature conditions. The pre-treatment device heats the kitchen waste to 60-70 degrees Celsius, so that the material has high flowability, thereby improving the efficiency. The pre-treatment device can realize the preliminary separation of water, kitchen liquid and solid waste, and the secondary separation in cooperation with the three-phase separator 4 and the oil separation adjustment area 53 in the high-temperature anaerobic fermentation integrated device 5 for micro oil extraction, thereby improving the oil extraction rate and maximizing the economic benefit.

[0056] Fifth, the high-temperature anaerobic fermentation integrated device 5 can realize micro oil extraction, thereby improving the oil extraction rate; at the same time, reducing the oil content of anaerobic fermentation also improves the methane production, thereby maximizing the economic benefit.

[0057] Sixth, the separate large impurity removal device, the clear impurity removal device, the oil removal heater, the heat exchange device, the hydrolysis acidification tank and the like in the traditional anaerobic system are highly integrated in the pre-treatment device 2 and the high-temperature anaerobic fermentation integrated device 5, thereby reducing the number of equipment, reducing the floor area, and reducing the difficulty of operation control.

[0058] Seventh, the pre-treatment device is connected with the biogas combustion device 8 through the steam heating pipe 9, so that the heat exchange device is not used, the storage pool required for timely heat exchange is reduced, the operation cycle and the floor area are greatly reduced, and the temperature guarantee for high-temperature fermentation is provided.

[0059] In the embodiment, the sand removal device 6 includes a sand remover 61, a sand removal pipe 62, a backflow pipe 63, a sand removal pump 64 and a backflow pump 65. One end of the sand removal pipe 62 is connected with the upper part of the hydrolysis acidification area 52, and the other end is connected with the sand remover 61. One end of the backflow pipe 63 is connected with the lower part of the hydrolysis acidification area 52, and the other end is connected with the sand remover 61. The sand removal pump 64 is arranged on the sand removal pipe 62, and the backflow pump 65 is arranged on the backflow pipe 63. The sand removal pump 64 works to guide the mixed liquid in the tank body 51 into the sand remover 61 through the sand removal pipe 62. The sand remover 61 separates the sand solid waste in the mixed liquid, and then pumps the mixed liquid into the tank body 51 through the backflow pump 65 and the backflow pipe 63, so as to achieve the sand removal purpose of the mixed liquid. At the same time, the pumping action of the backflow pump 65 also plays a stirring role on the mixed liquid in the tank body 51.

[0060] In the embodiment, the top of the inner ring partition plate 511 is provided with an annular sand discharge groove 514, and the annular sand discharge groove 514 is provided with a sand collecting pipe 515 extending out of the tank body 51. When the mixed liquid in the hydrolysis acidification zone 52 overflows into the oil separation adjustment zone 53 through the annular sand discharge groove 514, the annular sand discharge groove 514 can preliminarily filter the sand and impurities in the mixed liquid, and then the sand and impurities are discharged out of the tank body 51 through the sand collecting pipe 515, thereby further improving the sand removal effect. The bottom of the annular sand discharge groove 514 is inclinedly arranged, and the sand collecting pipe 515 is arranged at the lowest position of the annular sand discharge groove 514.

[0061] In the embodiment, the bottom of the hydrolysis acidification zone 52 is provided with an inner sand discharge pipe 516 extending out of the tank body 51, and the inner sand discharge pipe 516 is used for discharging the sand and impurities in the hydrolysis acidification zone 52. The bottom of the biogas production zone is provided with an outer sand discharge pipe 517 extending out of the tank body 51, and the outer sand discharge pipe 517 is used for discharging the sand and impurities in the biogas production zone, thereby further improving the sand removal effect. Valves are arranged on the sand collecting pipe 515, the outer sand discharge pipe 517 and the inner sand discharge pipe 516.

[0062] In the embodiment, the upper part of the biogas production zone 54 is provided with a liquid discharge pipe 518 connected with the sewage treatment system 102, and the liquid discharge pipe 518 is used for discharging the reacted mixed liquid into the sewage treatment system 102 for treatment. The sewage treatment system 102 is a conventional sewage treatment system 102. The top of the biogas production zone 54 is provided with an exhaust pipe 519 in communication with the biogas device 7, and the exhaust pipe 519 is used for discharging the methane obtained by the biogas production zone 54 into the biogas device 7 for collection.

[0063] In the embodiment, the biogas device 7 comprises a gas bag 71 and a biogas buffer bin 72 connected with each other. The gas inlet end of the gas bag 71 is connected with the exhaust pipe 519 through a pipeline, the gas outlet end of the gas bag 71 is connected with the biogas buffer bin 72 through a pipeline, the biogas buffer bin 72 is connected with the biogas combustion device 8 through a biogas discharge pipeline 73, and the biogas discharge pipeline 73 is provided with a first biogas fan 76. The biogas buffer bin 72 is connected with the backflow pipe 63 through an inlet biogas pipeline 74 and a three-way electromagnetic valve 75, the backflow pipe 63 is provided with a second biogas fan 77, the three-way electromagnetic valve 75 is closed in a normal state to close the inlet biogas pipeline 74, and the backflow pipe 63 can return the mixed liquid in the sand remover 61 to the tank body 51. When it is necessary to dredge the backflow pipe 63, the three-way electromagnetic valve 75 is opened to open the inlet biogas pipeline 74, so that the methane can enter the backflow pipe 63 through the inlet biogas pipeline 74, and then enter the tank body 51, thereby dredging the backflow pipe 63. At the same time, the biogas backflow into the tank body 51 can play a stirring role, thereby further improving the stirring effect.

[0064] In the embodiment, the bottom of the tank 51 is connected with the three-phase separator 4 through the water inlet pipe 56, and the backflow pipe 63 and the water inlet pipe 56 are provided with a plurality of water distribution pipes 58 on the pipeline in the hydrolysis acidification zone 52. The water distribution pipes 58 are provided with a plurality of water distribution pipes 58 for stirring, and the water distribution pipes 58 are provided with anti-blocking caps 59 to prevent the sand and other solid impurities in the mixed solution from blocking the water distribution pipes 58.

[0065] In the embodiment, as shown in the figure, Figures 1-3 The pre-treatment device 2 includes a rack 21, a shell 22 provided on the rack 21, and a separation cylinder 23 rotatably provided in the shell 22. The separation cylinder 23 is open at both ends, and is provided with a spiral conveying plate 231 inside. When the separation cylinder 23 rotates, the spiral conveying plate 231 pushes the kitchen waste in the separation cylinder 23 to move. The separation cylinder 23 is provided with a plurality of separation holes 232 for separating grease, kitchen filtrate, and small solid impurities. A grease collection hopper 221, a filtrate discharge hopper 222, and a kitchen liquid collection hopper 223 are arranged at the bottom of the shell 22, and a large impurity discharge hopper 224 is arranged at the discharge end of the separation cylinder 23. An overflow hole 225 is arranged between the grease collection hopper 221 and the filtrate discharge hopper 222, and an overflow pipe 226 is arranged between the filtrate discharge hopper 222 and the kitchen liquid collection hopper 223. The kitchen filtrate and small solid impurities filtered by the separation cylinder 23 enter the filtrate discharge hopper 222 and the kitchen liquid collection hopper 223. The kitchen filtrate in the kitchen filtrate collection hopper enters the filtrate discharge hopper 222 through the overflow pipe 226, and the kitchen filtrate in the filtrate discharge hopper 222 is collected in the kitchen liquid pool 10. The grease above the filtrate discharge hopper 222 enters the grease collection hopper 221 through the overflow hole 225, and the grease in the grease collection hopper 221 is discharged into the storage oil pool for collection. The large impurity solid waste enters the large impurity discharge hopper 224 through the opening of the separation cylinder 23.

[0066] In the embodiment, the separation cylinder 23 is provided with a drag roller 233 at each end, and the rack 21 is also provided with a supporting roller. The drag roller 233 is placed on the supporting roller, and is driven to rotate by a motor. When the supporting roller rotates, the drag roller 233 rotates to realize the rotation of the separation cylinder 23.

[0067] In the embodiment, the filtrate discharge hopper 222 is provided with a light substance discharge door 227. The light substance discharge door 227 can be opened, and the staff can take out the light substances such as plastic bags and chopsticks inside. The filtrate discharge hopper 222 is provided with a water supplement opening 228. The water supplement opening 228 can supply hot water into the filtrate discharge hopper 222, so that the oil and fat is better layered, especially when the hot water is injected into the filtrate discharge hopper 222 through the water supplement opening 228 for the first time, so that the oil and fat layer can reach the height position of the overflow hole 225. The kitchen liquid collecting hopper 223 is provided with an emergency liquid discharge opening 229, which can be used for emergency water discharge treatment of the whole pretreatment device 2, and can also be used as an emergency water supplement opening 228. The discharge opening of the filtrate discharge hopper 222 is provided with a sand discharge elevator 25 connected with the large debris discharge hopper 224. The sand discharge elevator 25 is used for discharging the solid debris in the filtrate discharge hopper into the large debris discharge hopper 224.

[0068] In the embodiment, the shell 22 is provided with a spray pipe 24 connected with the steam heating pipe 9. The spray pipe 24 is used for spraying high-temperature steam onto the separation cylinder 23, so as to improve the heating efficiency of the kitchen waste. In the embodiment, the high-temperature steam provided by the biogas combustion device 8 enters the pretreatment device 2, so as to heat the kitchen waste and make the temperature of the kitchen waste reach 60-70℃. In this way, the oil, liquid and solid are well layered, wherein the oil layer is on the kitchen liquid layer, and the kitchen liquid layer is on the solid residue layer.

[0069] In the embodiment, the front end of the pretreatment device 2 is provided with a garbage feeding device 1. The garbage feeding device 1 is used for receiving the kitchen waste and transferring the kitchen waste into the pretreatment device 2. The garbage feeding device 1 includes a rack body 11, a discharge hopper 12 arranged on the rack body 11, an inclined screw conveyor 13 arranged on the rack body 11 in an inclined manner, and a horizontal screw conveyor 14 arranged on the rack 21 in a horizontal manner. The horizontal screw conveyor 14 extends into the separation cylinder 23. The kitchen waste is first poured into the discharge hopper 12, and then lifted to the horizontal screw conveyor 14 through the inclined screw conveyor 13, and then sent into the separation cylinder 23 through the horizontal screw conveyor 14. The separation cylinder 23 pushes the garbage through the spiral conveying plate 231 during rotation, so as to mix and heat the garbage with high-temperature steam, and realize the preliminary separation of the oil, liquid and solid. The large debris discharge hopper 224 discharges the large debris into the solid residue and filtrate pool 103. The kitchen filtrate separated in the solid residue and filtrate pool 103 is discharged into the kitchen liquid pool 10, and the solid residue is transported out.

[0070] In the embodiment, the solid residue treatment device 3 comprises a shredder 31 and an extruder 32. The shredder 31 is arranged at the discharge end of the kitchen liquid collecting hopper 223 and is used to shred the solid waste in the kitchen liquid collecting hopper 223. The shredder 31 is connected with the extruder 32. The extruder 32 is used to extrude the shredded solid waste into blocks and separate the kitchen filtrate. The separated kitchen filtrate is discharged into the kitchen liquid pool 10. The solid waste is discharged into the extruded solid residue pool 104.

[0071] In the embodiment, the large-scale kitchen waste anaerobic treatment system has the characteristics of high oil extraction rate, less equipment, small land occupation, high functional integration, small investment, high anaerobic efficiency, long service life of anaerobic equipment, simple system control, etc. compared with the traditional kitchen waste anaerobic treatment system. The system of the embodiment has a high oil extraction rate, which can reach more than 99.99%. The kitchen waste is heated to 70℃ by the pre-treatment device. The pre-treatment device 2 realizes secondary oil extraction. The trace oil extraction can be realized in the high-temperature anaerobic fermentation integrated device 5, so as to improve the oil extraction rate and maximize the economic benefit. The methane production rate is increased by 20-40% and the methane content is increased by 10-20% compared with the traditional method. The land occupation area is about 50% of that of the traditional process, and the investment cost can be reduced by about 30%.

[0072] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A large-scale anaerobic treatment system for food waste, characterized by, The application relates to a kitchen waste treatment device. The kitchen waste treatment device comprises a pretreatment device (2), a solid residue treatment device (3), a three-phase separator (4), a high-temperature anaerobic fermentation integrated device (5), a sand removal device (6), a biogas device (7) and a biogas combustion device (8). The pretreatment device (2) is communicated with the biogas combustion device (8) through a steam heating pipe (9), and the pretreatment device (2) is internally provided with a grease collecting hopper (221), a filtrate discharging hopper (222), a kitchen liquid collecting hopper (223) and a large sundry discharging hopper (224). The pretreatment device (2) is connected with the solid residue treatment device (3), and the pretreatment device (2) and the solid residue treatment device (3) are both connected with a kitchen liquid pool (10), the kitchen liquid pool (10) is connected with the three-phase separator (4). The pretreatment device (2), the high-temperature anaerobic fermentation integrated device (5) and the three-phase separator (4) are all connected with a storage oil pool (101). The three-phase separator (4) is connected with the high-temperature anaerobic fermentation integrated device (5) and guides the separated filtrate into the high-temperature anaerobic fermentation integrated device (5). The pretreatment device (2) comprises a rack (21), a shell (22) arranged on the rack (21) and a separation cylinder (23) rotatably arranged in the shell (22); the separation cylinder (23) is internally provided with a spiral conveying plate (231), a plurality of separation holes (232) are arranged on the separation cylinder (23), the grease collecting hopper (221), the filtrate discharging hopper (222) and the kitchen liquid collecting hopper (223) are arranged at the bottom of the shell (22) respectively, the large sundry discharging hopper (224) is arranged at the discharging end of the separation cylinder (23), an overflow hole (225) is arranged between the grease collecting hopper (221) and the filtrate discharging hopper (222), and an overflow pipe (226) is arranged between the filtrate discharging hopper (222) and the kitchen liquid collecting hopper (223). The high-temperature anaerobic fermentation integrated device (5) comprises a tank body (51), a hydrolysis acidification zone (52), an oil separation adjusting zone (53) and a biogas generation zone (54) which are sequentially communicated in the tank body (51); the mixture in the hydrolysis acidification zone (52) flows into the oil separation adjusting zone (53) through top overflow, and then flows to the biogas generation zone (54) through the bottom of the oil separation adjusting zone (53), the sand removal device (6) is communicated with the tank body (51), the biogas generation zone (54) is communicated with the biogas device (7), and the biogas device (7) is communicated with the biogas combustion device (8). The top of the tank body (51) is provided with a plurality of installation openings (513), and each installation opening (513) is detachably connected with a filler grid pipe (55), which is inserted into the oil separation adjustment area (53) through the installation opening (513); the filler grid pipe (55) is filled with ammonia-nitrogen absorbing filler and alkaline filler, and the top of the filler grid pipe (55) is provided with an oil suction pipe (551) which is communicated with the storage oil pool (101) through a pipeline and a suction pump (552).

2. The system for anaerobic treatment of large-scale food waste as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The tank body (51) is provided with an inner ring partition plate (511) and an outer ring partition plate (512), the hydrolysis acidification area (52) is formed in the inner ring partition plate (511), the oil separation adjustment area (53) is formed between the inner ring partition plate (511) and the outer ring partition plate (512), and the biogas production area (54) is formed between the outer ring partition plate (512) and the side wall of the tank body (51); and the top of the tank body (51) is provided with a stirring device (57) which extends into the hydrolysis acidification area (52).

3. The system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the system is characterized by: The sand removing device (6) comprises a sand remover (61), a sand removing pipe (62), a backflow pipe (63), a sand removing pump (64) and a backflow pump (65); one end of the sand removing pipe (62) is communicated with the upper part of the hydrolysis acidification area (52), and the other end is connected with the sand remover (61); one end of the backflow pipe (63) is communicated with the lower part of the hydrolysis acidification area (52), and the other end is connected with the sand remover (61); the sand removing pump (64) is arranged on the sand removing pipe (62), and the backflow pump (65) is arranged on the backflow pipe (63).

4. The system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the system is characterized by: The top of the inner ring partition plate (511) is provided with an annular sand discharging groove (514) which is provided with a sand collecting pipe (515) extending out of the tank body (51); the bottom of the hydrolysis acidification area (52) is provided with an inner sand discharging pipe (516) extending out of the tank body (51); the bottom of the biogas production area (54) is provided with an outer sand discharging pipe (517) extending out of the tank body (51); the upper part of the biogas production area (54) is provided with a liquid discharging pipe (518) connected with a sewage treatment system (102); and the top of the biogas production area (54) is provided with a gas discharging pipe (519) communicated with a biogas device (7).

5. The system for the anaerobic treatment of large quantities of kitchen waste according to claim 3, characterized in that: The biogas device (7) comprises a gas bag (71) and a biogas buffer bin (72) which are connected with each other; the biogas buffer bin (72) is connected with the biogas combustion device (8) through a biogas discharging pipeline (73); the biogas buffer bin (72) is connected with the backflow pipe (63) through a biogas inlet pipeline (74) and a three-way electromagnetic valve (75); the biogas discharging pipeline (73) is provided with a first biogas fan (76); and the biogas inlet pipeline (74) is provided with a second biogas fan (77).

6. The system for the anaerobic processing of large quantities of kitchen waste according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the tank body (51) is connected with the three-phase separator (4) through a water inlet pipe (56), and the reflux pipe (63) and the water inlet pipe (56) are provided with a plurality of water distribution pipes (58) on the pipeline in the hydrolysis acidification zone (52), and each water distribution pipe (58) is provided with an anti-blocking cap (59).

7. The large-scale anaerobic treatment system for food waste as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The filtrate discharge hopper (222) is provided with a light substance discharge door (227), the filtrate discharge hopper (222) is provided with a water supplement opening (228), the kitchen liquid collecting hopper (223) is provided with an emergency liquid discharge opening (229), and the discharge opening of the filtrate discharge hopper (222) is arranged on a sand discharge elevator (25) connected with the large sundry discharge hopper (224).

8. The system for the anaerobic processing of large quantities of kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end of the pretreatment device (2) is provided with a garbage feeding device (1), the garbage feeding device (1) comprises a frame body (11), a discharge hopper (12) arranged on the frame body (11), an inclined screw conveyor (13) arranged on the frame body (11) in an inclined manner and a horizontal screw conveyor (14) arranged on the rack (21) in a horizontal manner, and the horizontal screw conveyor (14) extends into the separation cylinder (23).

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