A process for beneficiating polymetallic sulfides containing gold and silver

Abstract

The present invention discloses a ore dressing process for improving the recovery rate of gold and silver by regrinding lead tailings and a method for using the same. Aiming at the problems that the gold and silver embedded in lead-zinc ore are fine in particle size and difficult to recover, the process adopts a two-stage grinding sorting method, preferentially recovers the dissociated lead minerals at a coarser particle size, and then regrinds and reselects the tailings or scavenged concentrates after lead selection, and successively separates gold and silver concentrates, zinc concentrates, and sulfur concentrates. Compared with the existing technical processes, the technical solution disclosed in the present invention preferentially recovers the dissociated main metal minerals at a coarser particle size, while avoiding overgrinding of the main metal minerals that have been dissociated monomers, and further recovers the fine-grained gold and silver minerals that are difficult to recover in the traditional process, thereby improving the comprehensive recovery rate of lead-zinc ore resources with associated gold and silver, and laying a foundation for the production process of such polymetallic ores with fine embedded particle size, complex structure, and associated rare and precious metals.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of mineral processing, and in particular relates to a mineral processing process for polymetallic sulfides containing gold and silver. Background Art

[0002] Lead-zinc ore with associated gold and silver is an important mineral resource with a high comprehensive recycling value. The traditional lead-zinc ore recovery process is mainly based on the priority flotation process. This process is based on the difference in the floatability of each mineral in the ore. The valuable minerals are separated from the slurry in turn at a fixed grinding fineness to obtain a single concentrate and tailings. This process is widely used in major lead-zinc mines at home and abroad. It has the advantages of strong adaptability, high flexibility, simple operation, and easy production management. However, the priority flotation process only considers the recovery of the main metal lead and zinc, but does not give full consideration to the precious metals such as gold and silver contained therein. It only recovers a part of the gold and silver minerals while recovering the main metal minerals (such as patent 202111214344.9). In addition, the process only has one-stage grinding, and after the grinding fineness reaches the requirements for the dissociation of the main metal, the secondary grinding is no longer carried out, resulting in the ore grinding fineness can only meet the dissociation requirements of the main metal, and cannot meet the dissociation requirements of the associated gold and silver in the lead-zinc ore, causing most of the recoverable gold and silver minerals to be lost in the tailings, which not only causes a huge waste of precious metal resources such as gold and silver, but also reduces the economic benefits and resource utilization of mining enterprises. Especially at the moment when mineral resources are increasingly depleted, the efficient recovery and enrichment of precious metal resources is particularly important. Therefore, how to optimize the existing flotation process and solve the problem of low gold and silver recovery rate in the existing process is a major issue for the comprehensive utilization of my country's mineral resources, the development of gold and silver production, and the improvement of enterprise economic benefits. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a beneficiation process for polymetallic sulfides containing gold and silver in view of the above technical problems, so as to solve the problems of low separation efficiency, low concentrate grade and high production cost in the existing process. The present invention is the first to carry out re-grinding after lead selection and use optimized gold and silver collectors to capture precious metals, which not only improves the recovery rate of precious metals such as gold and silver, but also promotes the subsequent zinc flotation and sulfur flotation through experimental verification.

[0004] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions to achieve the above purpose:

[0005] The present invention provides a gold-containing polymetallic sulfide beneficiation process, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0006] S1. Lead flotation:

[0007] The crushed raw ore is ground to -0.074mm, accounting for more than 60%, and the pulp concentration is adjusted to 15-45%, and then flotation is performed to obtain lead concentrate and tailings; the raw ore refers to sulfide lead-zinc ore with associated gold and silver;

[0008] S2. Gold and silver flotation

[0009] Use any method of S2-1 or S2-2 to treat S1 tailings to obtain gold and silver concentrate and S2 tailings; the tailings obtained from S2 enter S3;

[0010] S2-1

[0011] The tailings obtained in S1 are concentrated and re-grinded to -0.038mm accounting for more than 90%, and then the pulp is transferred to the flotation machine, the pulp concentration is adjusted to 15-45%, and inhibitors and gold and silver collectors are added in sequence to carry out gold and silver flotation operations to obtain gold and silver concentrates, and the tailings enter S3;

[0012] S2-2

[0013] The S1 tailings are subjected to a large amount of scraping (a large amount of collector is used) scavenging operation to obtain scavenging concentrate and tailings. The obtained scavenging concentrate is concentrated and re-grinded to -0.038mm accounting for more than 90%, and then the pulp is transferred to the flotation machine, the pulp concentration is adjusted to 15-45%, and inhibitors and gold and silver collectors are added in sequence to carry out gold and silver flotation operations to obtain gold and silver concentrates. The tailings are merged into the tailings obtained from the scavenging operation and enter S3;

[0014] S3. Zinc flotation: adding an activator, an inhibitor and a collector to the tailings obtained in S2 in sequence to carry out zinc flotation operation;

[0015] S4. Sulfur flotation: add activator and collector to the tailings obtained in S3 in sequence to carry out sulfur flotation operation.

[0016] , further preferably and / or pyrrhotite

[0017] Preferably, in a beneficiation process for polymetallic sulfides containing gold and silver of the present invention, in S1, the specific technical conditions are as follows: the crushed raw ore is mixed with water in a ratio of 1:1 and ground to a particle size of -0.074 mm accounting for more than 60%, preferably 65% ​​to 70%; the slurry is then transferred to a flotation machine, and the slurry concentration is adjusted to 15 to 45%, preferably 25% to 35%; and a depressant and a collector are sequentially added to carry out lead flotation operations.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment, in a beneficiation process of polymetallic sulfides containing gold and silver of the present invention, in S1, the operation of the lead flotation operation is as follows: the roughing concentrate enters the lead concentration operation, the concentrate of the nth lead concentration enters the n+1th lead concentration operation, the tailings of the nth lead concentration return to the n-1th lead concentration operation; the roughing tailings enter the S2 operation; wherein n is a natural number, and is greater than or equal to 2, preferably 2;

[0019] Preferably, in a beneficiation process for polymetallic sulfides containing gold and silver of the present invention, in S1, the reagent system for lead flotation operation is: the inhibitor is zinc sulfate, and the dosage is 0-3000 g / t, preferably 300-1200 g / t, and more preferably 500-800 g / t; the collector is No. 25 black medicine, and the dosage is 0-300 g / t, preferably 50-160 g / t, and more preferably 80-160 g / t.

[0020] Preferably, in a beneficiation process for polymetallic sulfides containing gold and silver of the present invention, in S1, a lead roughing operation is first performed, and the roughing concentrate is subjected to two blank selections to obtain a lead concentrate, and the roughing tailings are subjected to two scavenging selections; before the lead roughing operation, the amount of zinc sulfate added is 500-1000 g / t, preferably 800 g / t; the amount of No. 25 black medicine added is 80-160 g / t, and each agent is stirred for 3-5 minutes; and 15-25 g / t of No. 25 black medicine is added during each scavenging selection.

[0021] Preferably, in the beneficiation process of polymetallic sulfides containing gold and silver of the present invention, in S2, the gold and silver collector is at least one of the organic substances having structures of formula (1) to (4), preferably an organic substance having structures of formula (2) and / or formula (3);

[0022]

[0023] Wherein, the collector of formula (2) and / or formula (3) is prepared by the following process:

[0024] According to weight, 10-30 parts of alcohol organic matter, 1-10 parts of phosphorus trichloride, 10-100 parts of organic solvent, 1-20 parts of elemental sulfur, 1-20 parts of triethylamine, 3-10 parts of strong acid or strong base are prepared; alcohol organic matter, phosphorus trichloride, organic solvent, elemental sulfur, triethylamine, strong acid or strong base are prepared; firstly, the prepared alcohol organic matter, phosphorus trichloride and organic solvent are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution A;

[0025] Add the prepared elemental sulfur and triethylamine into the mixed solution A, and then stir and mix thoroughly;

[0026] Then, 3-10 parts of a prepared strong acid or a strong base are added, preferably 9-10 parts of a strong base are added.

[0027] Preferably, in a beneficiation process for recovering gold and silver from a sulfide concentrate of the present invention, in preparing a collector having a structure of formula (2) and / or formula (3), the organic solvent is at least one of pyrimidine, dichloromethane, and ether; the strong acid is hydrochloric acid; the strong base is at least one of ammonia water, sodium hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide; and the alcohol organic matter is at least one of ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, and isobutanol.

[0028] As a further preference, when preparing the collector of the structure of formula (2) and / or formula (3), elemental sulfur and triethylamine are configured in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment, in the beneficiation process of polymetallic sulfides containing gold and silver of the present invention, in S2-1, the technical conditions are as follows: the tailings obtained in S1 are concentrated and re-grinded to a concentration of -0.038 mm accounting for more than 90%, preferably 90% to 95%; then the pulp is transferred to a flotation machine, and the pulp concentration is adjusted to 15% to 45%, preferably 25% to 35%; and inhibitors and gold and silver collectors are added in sequence to carry out gold and silver flotation operations;

[0030] As a preferred embodiment, in a beneficiation process for polymetallic sulfides containing gold and silver of the present invention, the operation of gold and silver flotation in S2-1 is as follows: the roughing concentrate enters the beneficiation operation, the concentrate of the nth beneficiation enters the n+1th beneficiation operation, and the tailings of the nth beneficiation return to the n-1th beneficiation operation; the tailings of the roughing enter the scavenging operation, the concentrate of the nth scavenging is returned to the n-1th scavenging operation, and the tailings of the nth lead scavenging enter the n+1th lead scavenging operation, wherein n is a natural number and is greater than or equal to 2, preferably 2; the tailings obtained in S2-1 enter S3;

[0031] Preferably, in the beneficiation process of polymetallic sulfides containing gold and silver of the present invention, the reagent system for gold and silver flotation in S2-1 is as follows: the inhibitor is zinc sulfate, and the dosage is 0-3000 g / t, preferably 300-900 g / t, and more preferably 500-800 g / t; the dosage of the gold and silver collector is 0-300 g / t, preferably 50-160 g / t, and more preferably 80-160 g / t.

[0032] As a preferred embodiment, in the present invention, a beneficiation process for polymetallic sulfides containing gold and silver, in S2-2, the technical conditions are as follows: a large amount of scraping and scavenging operation is performed on the S1 tailings to obtain scavenging concentrate and tailings, and the obtained scavenging concentrate is concentrated and re-grinded to a concentration of -0.038 mm accounting for more than 90%, preferably 90% to 95%; then the pulp is transferred to a flotation machine, and the pulp concentration is adjusted to 15 to 45%, preferably 25% to 35%; and inhibitors and gold and silver collectors are added in sequence to perform gold and silver flotation operations;

[0033] Preferably, in a gold-silver-containing polymetallic sulfide beneficiation process of the present invention, the operation of the scavenging operation in S2-2 is as follows: all scavenged concentrates are concentrated into the concentration stage, that is, the concentrates of the nth scavenging enter the same concentration operation, and the tailings of the nth lead scavenging enter the n+1th lead scavenging operation, wherein n is a natural number and is greater than or equal to 2, preferably 2;

[0034] As a preferred embodiment, in the gold-silver-containing polymetallic sulfide beneficiation process of the present invention, the reagent system of the scavenging operation in S2-2 is as follows: a gold-silver collector is used for the scavenging operation, with an amount of 0 to 800 g / t, preferably 100 to 500 g / t, and more preferably 150 to 350 g / t;

[0035] As a preferred embodiment, in a beneficiation process for polymetallic sulfides containing gold and silver of the present invention, the operation of gold and silver flotation in S2-2 is as follows: the scavenged concentrate obtained in S2-2 is concentrated and re-grinded to -0.038 mm accounting for more than 90%, preferably 90% to 95%; then the slurry is transferred to a flotation machine, and the slurry concentration is adjusted to 15 to 45%, preferably 25% to 35%; and inhibitors and gold and silver collectors are added in sequence to carry out gold and silver flotation, the roughing concentrate enters the concentration operation, the nth concentrated concentrate enters the n+1th concentrated operation, and the nth concentrated tailings return to the n-1th concentrated operation; the roughing tailings enter the scavenging operation, the nth scavenged concentrate returns to the n-1th scavenging operation, and the nth lead scavenging tailings enter the n+1th lead scavenging operation, wherein n is a natural number and is greater than or equal to 2, preferably 2;

[0036] Preferably, in the beneficiation process of polymetallic sulfides containing gold and silver of the present invention, the reagent system for gold and silver flotation in S2-2 is as follows: the inhibitor is zinc sulfate, and the dosage is 0-3000 g / t, preferably 300-800 g / t, and more preferably 500-800 g / t; the dosage of the gold and silver collector is 0-300 g / t, preferably 50-160 g / t, and more preferably 80-160 g / t.

[0037] Preferably, in the beneficiation process of polymetallic sulfides containing gold and silver of the present invention, when flotation of gold and silver, the process is carried out according to the steps of roughing and then scavenging; when roughing gold and silver, the amount of inhibitor added is 500-800 g / t; the amount of gold and silver collector used is 80-160 g / t; and 15-30 g / t of collector is added for each scavenging.

[0038] As a preferred embodiment, in the present invention, a gold-silver-containing polymetallic sulfide beneficiation process, in S3, the technical conditions are as follows: an activator, an inhibitor and a collector are sequentially added to the tailings obtained in S2 to perform zinc flotation operation;

[0039] Preferably, in a beneficiation process for polymetallic sulfides containing gold and silver of the present invention, the specific operation of zinc flotation is as follows: the roughing concentrate enters the zinc concentration operation, the concentrate of the nth zinc concentration enters the n+1th zinc concentration operation, and the tailings of the nth zinc concentration return to the n-1th zinc concentration operation; the tailings of the roughing enter the scavenging operation, the concentrate of the nth scavenging returns to the n-1th zinc scavenging operation, and the tailings of the nth zinc scavenging enter the n+1th zinc scavenging operation, wherein n is a natural number and is greater than or equal to 2, preferably 2;

[0040] Preferably, in a beneficiation process for polymetallic sulfides containing gold and silver of the present invention, the reagent system for zinc flotation is as follows: the activator is copper sulfate, and the dosage is 0-1000 g / t, preferably 250-600 g / t; the depressant is sodium sulfite and / or lime, and the dosage is 0-8000 g / t, preferably 300-3000 g / t; the collector is Z-200 and / or butyrrolidone, and the dosage is 0-300 g / t, preferably 100-150 g / t.

[0041] In the zinc flotation section, 300-800g / t sodium sulfite, 300-500g / t copper sulfate and 100-200g / t Z-200 are added in sequence. Each reagent is stirred for 3-5 minutes, and then the zinc roughing operation is started. The roughing concentrate is subjected to two blank selections to obtain zinc concentrate. The roughing tailings are scavenged twice, and 15-35g / t Z-200 is added each time before entering the sulfur flotation section.

[0042] As a preferred embodiment, in the present invention, a beneficiation process for polymetallic sulfides containing gold and silver, in S4, the technical conditions are as follows: an activator and a collector are sequentially added to the tailings obtained in S3 to perform sulfur flotation operation;

[0043] As a preferred embodiment, in a beneficiation process of polymetallic sulfides containing gold and silver of the present invention, the specific operation of sulfur flotation is: the roughing concentrate enters the sulfur concentration operation, the concentrate of the nth sulfur concentration enters the n+1th sulfur concentration operation, and the tailings of the nth sulfur concentration return to the n-1th sulfur concentration operation; the tailings of the roughing enter the scavenging operation, the concentrate of the nth scavenging returns to the n-1th sulfur scavenging operation, and the tailings of the nth sulfur scavenging enter the n+1th sulfur scavenging operation, wherein n is a natural number and is greater than or equal to 2, preferably 2;

[0044] Preferably, in the beneficiation process of polymetallic sulfides containing gold and silver of the present invention, the reagent system for sulfur flotation is: the activator is copper sulfate, and the dosage is 0-1000 g / t, preferably 250-600 g / t; the collector is butyrate, and the dosage is 0-300 g / t, preferably 100-150 g / t.

[0045] In the sulfur flotation section, 300-600 g / t copper sulfate and 100-200 g / t butyric acid xanthate are added in sequence. After each reagent is stirred for 3-5 minutes, the sulfur roughing operation begins. The roughing concentrate is subjected to two blank selections to obtain the sulfur concentrate. The roughing tailings are subjected to two scavenging selections, and the final tailings are obtained after adding 15-35 g / t butyric acid xanthate each time.

[0046] 1. The present invention abandons the technical idea of ​​traditional primary grinding, and innovatively combines the regrinding of lead tailings or lead scavenging concentrate with the gold and silver re-selection, adding a regrinding operation after lead selection, which not only improves the gold and silver dissociation degree and strengthens the recovery of gold and silver, but also effectively avoids the phenomenon of over-grinding of main metal minerals and improves the selection conditions of subsequent flotation recovery.

[0047] 2. The present invention has a simple production process and high sorting efficiency. It can not only produce some qualified gold and silver concentrates, but also reduce the loss of other valuable minerals in the tailings, improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of resources, and realize the efficient comprehensive recovery of valuable metals.

[0048] 3. The present invention innovatively adopts a two-stage grinding technical solution, which has a simple process flow and strong adaptability. It is particularly suitable for ores with a large span of embedded particle sizes, complex structures, and a large number of associated valuable metals. It effectively recovers fine-grained precious metal resources that are difficult to recover with traditional processes, and improves the resource utilization rate of associated precious metals. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] Attached Figure 1 This is a flow chart of Example 1;

[0050] Attached Figure 2 This is a flow chart of Example 2;

[0051] Attached Figure 3 It is a flow chart of Comparative Example 1;

[0052] Figure 1 It is a flotation process for regrinding and reselecting lead tailings, that is, the tailings after lead selection are regrinded and reselected to select gold and silver concentrates.

[0053] Figure 2 The flotation process of regrinding and reselecting the lead scavenging concentrate is to regrind and reselect the lead scavenging concentrate to select the gold and silver concentrate.

[0054] Figure 3 It is a flotation process for regrinding lead-free tailings and regrinding lead scavenging concentrate, that is, the traditional lead, zinc and sulfur sequential flotation process. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The following examples are intended to further illustrate the content of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0056] (1) Ore raw materials

[0057] The ore raw materials were taken from a lead-zinc mine in Hengyang, Hunan. The original ore contained about 3.9% lead, about 4.0% zinc, about 2.7g / t gold, about 100g / t silver, and about 12% sulfur. The results of phase analysis showed that the main lead-containing mineral in the mineral was galena, the main zinc-containing mineral was sphalerite, the main sulfur-containing mineral was pyrite, the main gold-containing mineral was natural gold, and the main silver-containing mineral was natural silver. The inhibitors used in the experiment were zinc sulfate and sodium sulfite, and the collectors used in the experiment were No. 25 black medicine, implementation reagent 1, implementation reagent 2, Z-200, and Ding Huang medicine.

[0058] (2) Preparation of gold and silver collectors

[0059] In a container equipped with a stirrer, 30 parts of isobutanol, 10 parts of phosphorus trichloride and 100 parts of dichloromethane were added, and after sufficient stirring until complete reaction (reaction time was 2 hours), 11 parts of elemental sulfur were added at one time, and 11 parts of triethylamine were added dropwise. After sufficient stirring for 8 hours until complete reaction, 10 parts of sodium hydroxide were added, and the solution was stirred until it became a brown liquid to obtain the collector, which was recorded as implementation reagent 1.

[0060] In a container equipped with a stirrer, 15 parts of isobutanol, 5 parts of phosphorus trichloride and 50 parts of dichloromethane were added, and after sufficient stirring until complete reaction (reaction time was 1 hour), 6 parts of elemental sulfur were added at one time, and 6 parts of triethylamine were added dropwise. After further sufficient stirring for 6 hours until complete reaction, 6 parts of sodium hydroxide were added, and the mixture was stirred until the solution became a yellow-brown liquid to obtain the collector, which was recorded as implementation reagent 2.

[0061] Specific implementation process:

[0062] Example 1

[0063] Take 500g dry ore, mix it with water at a ratio of 1:1, grind it to -0.074mm, accounting for 65%, then transfer the slurry to the flotation machine, adjust the slurry concentration to 25-35%, add 800g / t zinc sulfate and 150g / t No. 25 black medicine in turn, stir each agent for 3 minutes, and then start the lead roughing operation. The roughing concentrate is subjected to two blank selections to obtain the lead concentrate. The roughing tailings are scavenged twice, and 20g / t is added each time. After No. 25 black medicine, tailings are obtained; the lead tailings are concentrated and ground to -0.038mm accounting for more than 95%, and then the pulp is transferred to the flotation machine, the pulp concentration is adjusted to 25-35%, and 800g / t zinc sulfate and 150g / t implementation reagent 1 are added in turn, each reagent is stirred for 3 minutes, and then the gold and silver roughing operation is started. The roughing concentrate is subjected to two blank selections to obtain gold and silver concentrates. The roughing tailings are subjected to two scavengings, and 20g / t implementation reagent 1 is added each time to enter the zinc flotation section; 500g / t sodium sulfite, 500g / t copper sulfate, and 150g / t Z-200 are added in turn to the zinc flotation section, and each reagent is stirred for 3 minutes, and then the zinc roughing operation is started. The roughing concentrate is subjected to two blank selections to obtain zinc concentrates. The roughing tailings are subjected to two scavengings, and 20g / t is added each time. After Z-200, it enters the sulfur flotation section; 600g / t copper sulfate and 150g / t butyl xanthate are added in the sulfur flotation section in turn. After each reagent is stirred for 3 minutes, the sulfur roughing operation begins. The roughing concentrate is subjected to two blank selections to obtain the sulfur concentrate. The roughing tailings are subjected to two scavengings, and the final tailings are obtained after adding 20g / t butyl xanthate each time. See the experimental process for details. Figure 1 , the experimental results are shown in Table 1.

[0064] Example 2

[0065] Take 500g dry ore, mix it with water at a ratio of 1:1, grind it to -0.074mm, accounting for 65%, then transfer the slurry to the flotation machine, adjust the slurry concentration to 25-35%, add 800g / t zinc sulfate, 150g / t No. 25 black medicine, each reagent is stirred for 3 minutes, and then the lead roughing operation is started. The roughing concentrate is subjected to two blank selections to obtain lead concentrate. The roughing tailings are subjected to two scavengings, and 250g / t of reagent 2 is added each time to obtain tailings, which enter the zinc flotation section; the two scavenging concentrates are combined and concentrated and ground to -0.038mm, accounting for more than 95%, and then the slurry is transferred to the flotation machine, the slurry concentration is adjusted to 25-35%, and 800g / t zinc sulfate and 120g / t reagent 2 are added in turn. Each reagent is stirred for 3 minutes, and then the gold and silver roughing operation is started. The roughing concentrate is subjected to two blank selections to obtain gold and silver concentrate. The roughing tailings are subjected to two scavengings, and 20g / t of reagent 2 is added each time to obtain tailings, which are incorporated into the zinc flotation section; 500g / t sodium sulfite, 500g / t copper sulfate, 150g / t Z-200, each reagent was stirred for 3 minutes, and then the zinc roughing operation was started. The roughing concentrate was subjected to two blank selections to obtain zinc concentrate. The roughing tailings were subjected to two scavengings, and 20g / t Z-200 was added each time before entering the sulfur flotation section. 600g / t copper sulfate and 150g / t butyl xanthate were added in sequence in the sulfur flotation section. Each reagent was stirred for 3 minutes before the sulfur roughing operation was started. The roughing concentrate was subjected to two blank selections to obtain sulfur concentrate. The roughing tailings were subjected to two scavengings, and 20g / t butyl xanthate was added each time before obtaining the final tailings. See the experimental process. Figure 2 , the experimental results are shown in Table 1.

[0066] Example 3

[0067] The other conditions are the same as those in Example 1, except that the grinding fineness before lead flotation is -0.074 mm, accounting for 70%, and the grinding fineness during lead tail regrinding is -0.038 mm, accounting for 98%; the results are recorded as Example 3. Figure 3 , the experimental results are shown in Table 1.

[0068] Example 4

[0069] The other conditions are consistent with those of Example 2, except that the grinding fineness before lead flotation is -0.074 mm, accounting for 75%, and the grinding fineness during lead tail regrinding is -0.038 mm, accounting for 98%; the results obtained are recorded as Example 4. Figure 3 , the experimental results are shown in Table 1.

[0070] Comparative Example 1

[0071] The other conditions are consistent with those in Example 1, except that there is no lead tailings regrinding and gold and silver flotation operation; the results obtained are recorded as Comparative Example 1. Figure 3 , the experimental results are shown in Table 1.

[0072] Comparative Example 2

[0073] The other conditions are consistent with those in Example 1, except that the grinding fineness of the lead tail regrinding is -0.038 mm, accounting for 65%; the obtained results are recorded as Comparative Example 2. The experimental results are shown in Table 1.

[0074] Comparative Example 3

[0075] The other conditions are consistent with those of Example 1, except that the collector used in the gold and silver flotation operation is xanthate; the results obtained are recorded as Comparative Example 3. The experimental results are shown in Table 1.

[0076] Comparative Example 4

[0077] The other conditions are consistent with those in Example 1, except that the collector used in the gold and silver flotation operation is mercaptobenzothiazole; the results obtained are recorded as Comparative Example 4. The experimental results are shown in Table 1.

[0078] Comparative Example 5

[0079] The other conditions are consistent with those of Example 2, except that there is no sweeping, regrinding and gold and silver flotation operation; the results obtained are recorded as Comparative Example 5. The experimental results are shown in Table 1.

[0080] Comparative Example 6

[0081] The other conditions are consistent with those of Example 2, except that the grinding fineness of the scavenged concentrate regrinding is -0.038 mm, accounting for 65%; the obtained results are recorded as Comparative Example 6. The experimental results are shown in Table 1.

[0082] Comparative Example 7

[0083] The other conditions are consistent with those of Example 2, except that the collector used in the gold and silver flotation operation is xanthate; the results obtained are recorded as Comparative Example 7. The experimental results are shown in Table 1.

[0084] Comparative Example 8

[0085] The other conditions are consistent with those of Example 2, except that the collector used in the gold and silver flotation operation is mercaptobenzothiazole; the results obtained are recorded as Comparative Example 8. The experimental results are shown in Table 1.

[0086] Table 1 Experimental results of various embodiments and comparative examples

[0087]

[0088]

[0089]

[0090]

[0091]

[0092] From the experimental results obtained in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 3 and 4, and Example 2 and Comparative Examples 7 and 8, it can be seen that the technical solution disclosed in the present invention has a good separation effect on precious metals such as gold and silver, and can significantly improve the recovery rate of associated gold and silver. By applying the technical solution disclosed in the present invention, lead concentrate with a lead grade of 51.33%, a lead recovery rate of 94.32%, a gold grade of 20.9g / t, a gold recovery rate of 57.05%, a silver grade of 1278g / t, and a silver recovery rate of 90.69% can be obtained; and zinc concentrate with a zinc grade of 52.53% and a zinc recovery rate of 93.0%; and sulfur concentrate with a sulfur grade of 48.47% and a sulfur recovery rate of 65.37%. At the same time, from the experimental results of Comparative Examples 1, 2, 5, and 6, it can be seen that the separation process not within the scope of protection of the present invention cannot achieve good separation of precious metals such as gold and silver. At the same time, it can be seen from Example 1 and Example 2 that the preferred collector of the present invention is very beneficial to the recovery of precious metals such as gold and silver, and has a more superior collection effect than conventional collectors. Compared with the traditional preferential ore dressing process, the present invention innovatively combines lead tailing regrinding and gold and silver reselection, and adds a regrinding operation (lead tailing regrinding or lead scavenging tailings regrinding) after lead selection, which not only strengthens the recovery of gold and silver, but also effectively avoids the phenomenon of over-grinding of main metal minerals, improves the comprehensive utilization efficiency of resources, and realizes efficient and comprehensive recovery of valuable metals. In particular, after being treated by the present invention, while ensuring the high-efficiency recovery of gold and silver, the recovery rate of lead and zinc can also be simultaneously improved.

Claims

1. A beneficiation process for polymetallic sulfides containing gold and silver, characterized in that: The ore dressing process specifically comprises the following steps: S1. Lead flotation: Grinding the crushed ore to -0.074 mm, accounting for more than 60%, adjusting the slurry concentration to 15-45%, and then flotation to obtain lead concentrate and tailings; the ore refers to sulfide lead-zinc ore with associated gold and silver; S2. Gold and Silver Flotation Use any of S2-1 or S2-2 to treat S1 tailings to obtain gold and silver concentrate and S2 tailings; the tailings obtained from S2 enter S3; S2-1 The tailings obtained in S1 are concentrated and re-grinded to -0.038 mm, accounting for more than 90%. Then the pulp is transferred to the flotation machine, the pulp concentration is adjusted to 15-45%, and inhibitors and gold and silver collectors are added in sequence to carry out gold and silver flotation operations to obtain gold and silver concentrates. The tailings enter S3; S2-2 The S1 tailings are subjected to large-scale scavenging operations to obtain scavenging concentrate and tailings. The obtained scavenging concentrate is concentrated and re-grinded to -0.038 mm, accounting for more than 90%. The pulp is then transferred to the flotation machine, the pulp concentration is adjusted to 15-45%, and inhibitors and gold and silver collectors are added in sequence to perform gold and silver flotation operations to obtain gold and silver concentrates. The tailings are incorporated into the tailings obtained from the scavenging operation and enter S3; In S2, the gold and silver collector is at least one of the organic substances having structures of formula (1) to formula (4), ； ； Wherein, the collector of formula (2) and / or formula (3) is prepared by the following process: According to weight, 10-30 parts of alcohol organic matter, 1-10 parts of phosphorus trichloride, 10-100 parts of organic solvent, 1-20 parts of elemental sulfur, 1-20 parts of triethylamine, and 3-10 parts of strong acid or strong base are prepared; alcohol organic matter, phosphorus trichloride, organic solvent, elemental sulfur, triethylamine, strong acid or strong base are prepared; first, the prepared alcohol organic matter, phosphorus trichloride, and organic solvent are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution A; Add the prepared elemental sulfur and triethylamine into the mixed solution A, and then stir and mix thoroughly; Then add 3-10 parts of the prepared strong acid or strong base; S3. Zinc flotation: adding an activator, an inhibitor and a collector to the tailings obtained in S2 in sequence to carry out zinc flotation operation; S4. Sulfur flotation: activator and collector are added to the tailings obtained in S3 in sequence to carry out sulfur flotation operation.

2. The beneficiation process of polymetallic sulfides containing gold and silver according to claim 1, characterized in that: The beneficiation process of polymetallic sulfide is characterized in that: in S1, the crushed raw ore is mixed with water in a ratio of 1:1 and ground to -0.074 mm accounting for more than 60%, and then the pulp is transferred to a flotation machine, the pulp concentration is adjusted to 15-45%, and a depressant and a collector are added in sequence to carry out lead flotation operation; The operation of lead flotation is as follows: the rougher concentrate enters the lead concentration operation, the concentrate from the nth lead concentration enters the n+1th lead concentration operation, the tailings from the nth lead concentration return to the n-1th lead concentration operation; the rougher tailings enter the S2 operation; where n is a natural number and is greater than or equal to 2; The reagent system for lead flotation is as follows: the inhibitor is zinc sulfate, and the dosage is 300-1200g / t; the collector is No. 25 black medicine, and the dosage is 50-160g / t.

3. The beneficiation process of polymetallic sulfides containing gold and silver according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, the gold and silver collector is an organic matter having the structure of formula (2) and / or formula (3).

4. The beneficiation process of polymetallic sulfides containing gold and silver according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2-1, the tailings obtained in S1 are concentrated and re-grinded to -0.038 mm accounting for more than 90%, and then the pulp is transferred to the flotation machine, the pulp concentration is adjusted to 15-45%, and inhibitors and gold and silver collectors are added in sequence to carry out gold and silver flotation operations; The operation of gold and silver flotation in S2-1 is as follows: the rougher concentrate enters the concentration operation, the concentrate from the nth concentration enters the n+1th concentration operation, and the tailings from the nth concentration return to the n-1th concentration operation; the tailings from the rougher concentration enters the scavenging operation, the concentrate from the nth scavenging returns to the n-1th scavenging operation, and the tailings from the nth lead scavenging enters the n+1th lead scavenging operation, where n is a natural number and is greater than or equal to 2; the tailings obtained from S2-1 enter S3; The reagent system for gold and silver flotation in S2-1 is as follows: the inhibitor is zinc sulfate, the dosage is 300-800g / t; the dosage of gold and silver collector is 50-150g / t.

5. The beneficiation process of polymetallic sulfides containing gold and silver according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2-2, the S1 tailings are subjected to large-scale scavenging operations to obtain scavenged concentrate and tailings. The obtained scavenged concentrate is concentrated and re-ground to -0.038 mm, accounting for more than 90%. The pulp is then transferred to the flotation machine, the pulp concentration is adjusted to 15-45%, and inhibitors and gold and silver collectors are added in sequence to carry out gold and silver flotation operations; The operation of the scavenging operation in S2-2 is: all scavenged concentrates are concentrated into the concentration stage, that is, the concentrates of the nth scavenging enter the same concentration operation, and the tailings of the nth lead scavenging enter the n+1th lead scavenging operation, where n is a natural number and is greater than or equal to 2; The reagent system for the scavenging operation in S2-2 is: gold and silver collectors are used for scavenging operation, with a dosage of 0~800 g / t; The operation of gold and silver flotation in S2-2 is as follows: the scavenged concentrate obtained in S2-2 is concentrated and re-grinded to -0.038 mm accounting for more than 90%, and then the pulp is transferred to the flotation machine, the pulp concentration is adjusted to 15-45%, and inhibitors and gold and silver collectors are added in sequence to carry out gold and silver flotation, the roughing concentrate enters the concentration operation, the nth concentrated concentrate enters the n+1th concentrated operation, and the nth concentrated tailings return to the n-1th concentrated operation; the roughing tailings enter the scavenging operation, the nth scavenging concentrate returns to the n-1th scavenging operation, and the nth lead scavenging tailings enter the n+1th lead scavenging operation, where n is a natural number and is greater than or equal to 2; The reagent system for gold and silver flotation in S2-2 is as follows: the inhibitor is zinc sulfate, the dosage is 300-800g / t; the dosage of gold and silver collector is 50-160g / t.

6. The beneficiation process of polymetallic sulfides containing gold and silver according to claim 1, characterized in that: When gold and silver are floated, the process is carried out in a roughing process followed by a scavenging process. When gold and silver are roughly separated, the amount of inhibitor added is 500-800g / t; the amount of gold and silver collector used is 80-160g / t; 15-30g / t of collector is added each time the scavenging process is carried out.

7. The beneficiation process of polymetallic sulfides containing gold and silver according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, the technical conditions are as follows: adding an activator, a depressant and a collector to the tailings obtained in S2 in sequence to carry out zinc flotation operation; The operation of zinc flotation is as follows: the rougher concentrate enters the zinc concentration operation, the concentrate of the nth zinc concentration enters the n+1th zinc concentration operation, and the tailings of the nth zinc concentration return to the n-1th zinc concentration operation; the tailings of the rougher enter the scavenging operation, the concentrate of the nth scavenging returns to the n-1th zinc scavenging operation, and the tailings of the nth zinc scavenging enter the n+1th zinc scavenging operation, where n is a natural number and is greater than or equal to 2; The reagent system for zinc flotation is as follows: the activator is copper sulfate, with a dosage of 0~1000 g / t; the depressant is sodium sulfite and / or lime, with a dosage of 0~8000 g / t; the collector is Z-200 and / or butyrate, with a dosage of 0~300 g / t.

8. The beneficiation process of polymetallic sulfides containing gold and silver according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the zinc flotation section, 300-800 g / t sodium sulfite, 300-500 g / t copper sulfate and 100-200 g / t Z-200 are added in sequence. Each reagent is stirred for 3-5 minutes, and then the zinc roughing operation is started. The roughing concentrate is subjected to two blank selections to obtain zinc concentrate. The roughing tailings are subjected to two scavengings, and 15-35 g / t Z-200 is added each time before entering the sulfur flotation section.

9. The beneficiation process of polymetallic sulfides containing gold and silver according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S4, the technical conditions are as follows: adding an activator and a collector to the tailings obtained in S3 in sequence to carry out sulfur flotation operation; The specific operation of sulfur flotation is as follows: the rougher concentrate enters the sulfur concentration operation, the concentrate of the nth sulfur concentration enters the n+1th sulfur concentration operation, and the tailings of the nth sulfur concentration return to the n-1th sulfur concentration operation; the tailings of the rougher concentration enter the scavenging operation, the concentrate of the nth scavenging returns to the n-1th sulfur scavenging operation, and the tailings of the nth sulfur scavenging enter the n+1th sulfur scavenging operation, where n is a natural number and is greater than or equal to 2; The reagent system for sulfur flotation is as follows: the activator is copper sulfate, with a dosage of 0~1000 g / t; the collector is butyrate, with a dosage of 0~300 g / t.

10. The beneficiation process of polymetallic sulfides containing gold and silver according to claim 9, characterized in that: In the sulfur flotation section, 300-600 g / t copper sulfate and 100-200 g / t butyric acid xanthate are added in sequence. After each reagent is stirred for 3-5 minutes, the sulfur roughing operation begins. The roughing concentrate is subjected to two blank selections to obtain the sulfur concentrate. The roughing tailings are subjected to two scavengings, and the final tailings are obtained after adding 15-35 g / t butyric acid xanthate each time.

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