Composite material preparation method and obtained nano TiC / CNTs particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite material preparation method and the obtained nano TiC / CNTs particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material. The method comprises the following steps: first preparing Ti-TiC-CNTs composite particles; then preparing Al-Ti-B wire-wrapped Ti-TiC-CNTs composite particles; then adding the obtained Al-Ti-B wire-wrapped Ti-TiC-CNTs composite particles into an aluminum alloy matrix before casting, and then flowing into a crystallizer for casting and forming. The invention solves the problem of incompatibility between carbon nanotubes and aluminum alloy matrix, enables the reinforcement phase to be evenly distributed in the matrix, and can be mass-produced. The tensile strength of the prepared nano TiC / CNTs particle-reinforced aluminum-based composite material is improved by 54% compared with the matrix.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of aluminum-based composite materials, and in particular to a composite material preparation method and the obtained nano-TiC / CNTs particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material. Background Art

[0002] Aluminum and aluminum alloys are metal materials widely used in the industrial field. Compared with steel, titanium, nickel and other metals, they have significant advantages. However, the application of aluminum and aluminum alloys also has bottlenecks, and the strength is difficult to reach the level of steel. Replacing steel with aluminum is an urgent goal to be achieved in various industrial fields such as aerospace, automobiles, and construction.

[0003] To solve this problem, the preparation of aluminum-based composite materials is a more feasible solution and is also the most studied metal-based composite material to date. In the preparation process of particle-reinforced aluminum-based composite materials, the first problem to be solved is to overcome the incompatibility between the added phase and the matrix, and the second is the difficulty of large-scale industrial preparation of aluminum-based composite materials. The preparation of nanoparticle-reinforced aluminum-based composite materials through powder metallurgy can solve the problem of incompatibility between the added phase and the matrix, but it is difficult to prepare in batches. The process of melting and casting can prepare aluminum-based composite materials in batches, but the current process cannot solve the problem of incompatibility between the added reinforcement particles and the matrix. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a composite material and the resulting nano-TiC / CNTs particle-reinforced aluminum-based composite material, which can not only be used to mass-produce nano-particle-reinforced aluminum-based composite materials, but also can make the added nano-particles evenly distributed in the aluminum alloy matrix, thereby greatly improving the tensile strength of the material and overcoming the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for preparing a nano-TiC / CNTs particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material, comprising the following steps:

[0006] 1) Preparation of Ti-TiC-CNTs composite particles: mixing micron-sized titanium powder and carbon nanotubes in a certain proportion and then subjecting them to mechanical ball milling, and controlling the ball milling process parameters so that the titanium powder reacts with the surface of the carbon nanotubes to partially generate nano-TiC, thereby obtaining Ti-TiC-CNTs composite particles;

[0007] 2) Preparing Al-Ti-B wire-wrapped Ti-TiC-CNTs composite particles: filling the Ti-TiC-CNTs composite particles prepared in step 1 into hollow Al-Ti-B wires to obtain Al-Ti-B wire-wrapped Ti-TiC-CNTs composite particles.

[0008] 3) Preparation of composite particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material: the Al-Ti-B wire wrapped Ti-TiC-CNTs composite particles obtained in step 2) are added into the aluminum alloy matrix before casting, and then flow into a crystallizer for casting.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, in the step 1), the mass ratio of titanium powder to carbon nanotubes is 1:1 to 1:10.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, in the step 2), the mass ratio of the Al-Ti-B wire to the Ti-TiC-CNTs composite particles is 1:1 to 1:12.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, in step 3), the added mass percentage of the Al-Ti-B wire wrapped Ti-TiC-CNTs composite particles is 0.3-1.5wt% of the aluminum alloy matrix.

[0012] A nano TiC / CNTs particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material prepared by a preparation method.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] First, the incompatibility problem between carbon nanotubes and aluminum alloy matrix is ​​solved, so that the nano-TiC / CNTs reinforcement phase can be evenly distributed in the matrix;

[0015] Secondly, aluminum-based composite materials can be prepared in batches without adjusting the original aluminum alloy manufacturing production line. Only the process of adding Al-Ti-B wire before casting needs to be adjusted. Reinforcement particles are added to the aluminum alloy matrix. At the same time, the nano-TiC / CNTs reinforcement phase is wrapped with Al-Ti-B wire. During the grain refinement process before the final casting, aluminum alloy liquid is added to reduce the residence time of the reinforcement phase in the aluminum alloy liquid, prevent the reinforcement phase from reacting with the aluminum alloy liquid and floating, and obtain a uniformly dispersed nano-particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] Embodiment 1: A method for preparing a nano-TiC / CNTs particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material, the specific steps are as follows:

[0018] 1) titanium powder and carbon nanotubes are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1 and then subjected to mechanical ball milling, and the titanium powder and the surface of the carbon nanotubes are partially reacted to generate nano-TiC by controlling the ball milling process parameters, thereby obtaining Ti-TiC-CNTs composite particles;

[0019] 2) filling the Ti-TiC-CNTs composite particles prepared in step 1 into hollow Al-Ti-B wires to obtain Al-Ti-B wire-wrapped Ti-TiC-CNTs composite particles, wherein the mass ratio of the Al-Ti-B wire to the Ti-TiC-CNTs composite particles is 1:2;

[0020] 3) Add the Al-Ti-B wire wrapped Ti-TiC-CNTs composite particles obtained in step 2) into the aluminum alloy matrix before casting, and then flow into the crystallizer for casting. The added mass percentage of the Al-Ti-B wire wrapped Ti-TiC-CNTs composite particles is 0.3wt% of the aluminum alloy matrix.

[0021] Under the action of high-energy ball milling, titanium powder reacts locally with carbon nanotubes, spherical nano-TiC is generated on the surface of carbon nanotubes, and the structure of Ti-TiC-CNTs composite particles is obtained. When adding Al-Ti-B wire for grain refinement during the casting process, Ti-TiC-CNTs composite particles are added to the aluminum alloy liquid at the same time, and the compatibility of Ti and aluminum alloy liquid is used to bring TiC / CNTs into the aluminum alloy liquid and disperse evenly, and then a uniformly dispersed nano-TiC / CNTs particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material is formed during the casting process.

[0022] The mechanical properties of the nano-TiC / CNTs particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material prepared in this example were tested, and the test results are shown in Table 1.

[0023] Example 2: A method for preparing a nano-TiC / CNTs particle-reinforced aluminum-based composite material. The preparation method is similar to that of Example 1, except that in step 1), the mass ratio of titanium powder to carbon nanotubes is 1:5.

[0024] The mechanical properties of the nano-TiC / CNTs particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material prepared in this example were tested, and the test results are shown in Table 1.

[0025] Example 3: A method for preparing a nano-TiC / CNTs particle-reinforced aluminum-based composite material. The preparation method is similar to that of Example 1, except that in step 1), the mass ratio of titanium powder to carbon nanotubes is 1:10.

[0026] The mechanical properties of the nano-TiC / CNTs particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material prepared in this example were tested, and the test results are shown in Table 1.

[0027] Example 4: A method for preparing a nano-TiC / CNTs particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material. The preparation method is similar to that of Example 1, except that in step 2), the mass ratio of Al-Ti-B wire to Ti-TiC-CNTs composite particles is 1:5.

[0028] The mechanical properties of the nano-TiC / CNTs particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material prepared in this example were tested, and the test results are shown in Table 1.

[0029] Example 5: A method for preparing a nano-TiC / CNTs particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material. The preparation method is similar to that of Example 1, except that in step 2), the mass ratio of Al-Ti-B wire to Ti-TiC-CNTs composite particles is 1:11.

[0030] The mechanical properties of the nano-TiC / CNTs particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material prepared in this example were tested, and the test results are shown in Table 1.

[0031] Example 6. A method for preparing a nano-TiC / CNTs particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material. The preparation method is similar to that of Example 1, except that in step 3), the added mass percentage of the Al-Ti-B wire-wrapped Ti-TiC-CNTs composite particles is 0.9wt% of the aluminum alloy matrix.

[0032] The mechanical properties of the nano-TiC / CNTs particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material prepared in this example were tested, and the test results are shown in Table 1.

[0033] Example 7. A method for preparing a nano-TiC / CNTs particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material. The preparation method is similar to that of Example 1, except that in step 3), the added mass percentage of the Al-Ti-B wire-wrapped Ti-TiC-CNTs composite particles is 1.5wt% of the aluminum alloy matrix.

[0034] The mechanical properties of the nano-TiC / CNTs particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material prepared in this example were tested, and the test results are shown in Table 1.

[0035] Table 1

[0036]

[0037] It can be seen from Table 1 that the tensile strength of the nano-TiC / CNTs particle-reinforced aluminum-based composite material provided by the embodiment of the present invention is increased by 54% at most compared with the matrix, and the elongation is slightly reduced.

[0038] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that the rest that are not described in detail are prior arts. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by any technician familiar with the field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a composite material, characterized in that The steps include: 1) Preparation of Ti-TiC-CNTs composite particles: mixing micron-sized titanium powder and carbon nanotubes in proportion and then subjecting them to mechanical ball milling, and controlling the ball milling process to allow the titanium powder to partially react with the surface of the carbon nanotubes to generate nano-TiC, thereby obtaining Ti-TiC-CNTs composite particles; 2) Preparing Al-Ti-B wire-wrapped Ti-TiC-CNTs composite particles: filling the Ti-TiC-CNTs composite particles prepared in step 1 into hollow Al-Ti-B wires to obtain Al-Ti-B wire-wrapped Ti-TiC-CNTs composite particles; 3) Preparation of composite particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material: the Al-Ti-B wire wrapped Ti-TiC-CNTs composite particles obtained in step 2) are added into the aluminum alloy matrix before casting, and then flow into a crystallizer for casting.

2. The method for preparing a composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 1), the mass ratio of titanium powder to carbon nanotubes is 1:1 to 1:

10.

3. The method for preparing a composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 2), the mass ratio of the Al-Ti-B wire to the Ti-TiC-CNTs composite particles is 1:1 to 1:

12.

4. The method for preparing a composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 3), the added mass percentage of the Al-Ti-B wire wrapped Ti-TiC-CNTs composite particles is 0.3-0.45wt% of the aluminum alloy matrix.

5. The nano-TiC / CNTs particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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