A multi-functional mobile charging vehicle

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of new energy and energy-saving technology, and discloses a multifunctional mobile charging vehicle, including an AC side and a DC side, as well as a charging module matrix and a bidirectional converter for realizing AC-DC conversion; the AC side and the DC side are connected through the charging module matrix and the bidirectional converter to form a ring topology; the AC side is provided with an on-grid and off-grid switching switch between the charging module matrix and the AC end of the bidirectional converter; the AC side is used to connect an external power supply on the AC end side of the charging module matrix, and the AC side is used to connect a load on the AC end side of the bidirectional converter; the DC side is connected with a charging pile and an energy storage device. The present invention combines the advantages of UPS equipment, EPS equipment, and electric vehicle charging equipment, adapts to multiple scenarios and working conditions, and a single device can be used for multiple functions, reducing the purchase cost and operation and maintenance cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy and energy-saving, and in particular relates to a multifunctional mobile charging vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of modern technology, more and more industries, such as information, communications, finance, military, national defense, medical care, education, transportation, aerospace, etc., have put forward higher requirements for the uninterruptibility and security of power supply and information transmission. This demand provides a broad space for the use of uninterruptible power supply UPS. UPS power supply vehicles are increasingly favored by users because of their strong mobility and easy maintenance. While using them, users also put forward higher requirements for the reliability, maintainability, scalability, investment and construction costs, and use and maintenance costs of the UPS power supply system.

[0003] For example, the Chinese invention patent application document with application publication number CN103825351A discloses an intelligent energy storage emergency power supply system, which consists of a charging module, a battery management subsystem, an inverter and an intelligent dual-power fast switching module. When the AC mains is normal, the emergency power supply system directly supplies power to the load from the AC mains, and at the same time, the emergency power supply system rectifies the AC mains into DC power through the charging module, charges the battery pack in the battery management subsystem, and supplies power to the inverter; when the AC mains is abnormal, the emergency power supply system quickly switches to the battery management subsystem through the intelligent dual-power fast switching module, and the inverter converts the DC power of the battery pack into AC mains to realize uninterrupted power supply to the load. However, this solution belongs to the EPS (Emergency Power Supply, EPS for short) system, does not have the uninterruptible power supply function of UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply, UPS for short), and does not have the charging function of the charging pile.

[0004] The Chinese invention patent application document with application publication number CN105140893A discloses a mobile power supply vehicle, which includes a vehicle head, a vehicle chassis and a vehicle compartment. The vehicle head is connected to the vehicle chassis, a vehicle compartment is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the vehicle chassis, sound-absorbing cotton is filled between the outer shell and the inner shell of the vehicle compartment, a generator set is installed inside the vehicle compartment, a heat dissipation device is installed on the fixed plate on one side of the generator set, a shock-absorbing device is installed at the bottom of the generator set, a power output box is provided inside the vehicle compartment on one side of the generator set, a switch cabinet is installed in the power output box, a plurality of cable holes are opened at the bottom of the switch cabinet, and an openable inspection door is installed on the side wall of the vehicle compartment. The solution can effectively absorb the noise generated by the generator set by filling sound-absorbing cotton between the outer shell and the inner shell of the vehicle compartment, ensuring that the noise is minimized as much as possible, and by installing a heat dissipation device inside the vehicle compartment, the generator set can be cooled to ensure the stable operation of the electrical equipment. However, this equipment is a diesel generator truck. Compared with mobile power trucks that use lithium batteries as energy storage media, it takes a longer time to switch from cold standby to hot standby, shuts down more slowly, and has poorer power quality and power supply stability.

[0005] Traditional diesel-generated power supply vehicles in the existing technology use diesel as the energy storage medium, and the conversion from cold standby to hot standby is slow. The output voltage is unstable and changes with load conditions, ambient temperature, etc.; photovoltaic storage and charging equipment and mobile charging vehicle equipment use a bidirectional AC / DC topology, which involves repeated switching of the converter working mode and is not suitable for use in conditions of poor grid quality; traditional UPS power supply vehicles use UPS topology, and their main components must include both rectifiers and inverters, and the inverter always works in V / F mode, and the application scenarios are limited. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention provides a multifunctional mobile charging vehicle, which is used to solve the problem of limited application scenarios of power supply vehicles in the prior art.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solutions included in the present invention and the beneficial effects corresponding to the technical solutions are as follows:

[0008] The present invention provides a solution for a multifunctional mobile charging vehicle, comprising an AC side and a DC side, as well as a charging module matrix and a bidirectional converter for realizing AC-DC conversion; the AC side and the DC side are connected through the charging module matrix and the bidirectional converter to form a ring topology; the AC side is provided with an on-grid and off-grid switching switch between the charging module matrix and the AC end of the bidirectional converter; the AC side is used for connecting an external power supply on the AC end side of the charging module matrix, and the AC side is used for connecting a load on the AC end side of the bidirectional converter; the DC side is connected with a charging pile and an energy storage device.

[0009] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: combining the advantages of UPS equipment, EPS equipment, and electric vehicle charging equipment to adapt to multiple scenarios and working conditions, using one device for multiple purposes, and reducing purchase costs and operation and maintenance costs.

[0010] Furthermore, when the multifunctional mobile charging vehicle is in the UPS power vehicle mode, the on-grid and off-grid switching switch is disconnected, and the external power supply supplies power to the load through the charging module matrix and the bidirectional converter; the energy storage device is used to supply power to the load uninterruptedly when the external power supply is abnormal.

[0011] Furthermore, when the multifunctional mobile charging vehicle is in the EPS power supply vehicle mode, the on-grid and off-grid switching switch is closed, and the external power supply supplies power to the load; when the energy storage device detects that the mains input loses power, the on-grid and off-grid switching switch is disconnected; the energy storage device is used to supply power to the load through the bidirectional converter when the external power supply is abnormal.

[0012] Furthermore, when the multifunctional mobile charging vehicle is in the mobile charging vehicle mode, the on-grid and off-grid switching switch is closed, and the external power supply supplies power to the charging pile through the charging module matrix; the energy storage device is used to supply power to the charging pile through the bidirectional converter and the charging module matrix when the external power supply is abnormal.

[0013] Furthermore, when the multifunctional mobile charging vehicle is in the fixed charging station mode, the on-grid and off-grid switching switch is disconnected, and the external power supply supplies power to the charging pile through the charging module matrix.

[0014] Furthermore, the mobile charging vehicle obtains its own electricity from the AC side at the AC end of the bidirectional converter.

[0015] Furthermore, the on-grid and off-grid switching switch includes an STS static transfer switch.

[0016] Furthermore, the energy storage device is a lithium battery array. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is the main circuit topology diagram of the multifunctional mobile charging vehicle;

[0018] Figure 2 It is the UPS power vehicle mode topology diagram of the multifunctional mobile charging vehicle;

[0019] Figure 3 It is the EPS power supply vehicle mode topology diagram of the multifunctional mobile charging vehicle;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a mobile charging vehicle mode topology diagram of a multifunctional mobile charging vehicle;

[0021] Figure 5 It is the topological diagram of the self-use power circuit of the multifunctional mobile charging vehicle;

[0022] Figure 6 It is the communication circuit topology diagram of the multifunctional mobile charging vehicle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The specific implementation of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0024] like Figure 1 The main circuit of the multifunctional mobile charging vehicle shown includes an external power supply 10, a charging module matrix (charging stack)

[0025] 20, on-grid and off-grid switching cabinet 30, bidirectional converter 40, DC charging pile 50, lithium battery array (lithium battery stack) 60, power-saving load 70, and several control switches.

[0026] The grid access 1 of the external power supply 10 and the diesel generator (diesel generator) access 2 are connected to one end of the automatic transfer switch (external) ATS of the mobile charging vehicle; the other end of the automatic transfer switch (external) ATS of the mobile charging vehicle is connected to one end of the AC input switch QS11 of the mobile charging vehicle.

[0027] The other end of the AC input switch QS11 of the mobile charging vehicle is connected to one end of the grid switch QS12 of the grid-connected and off-grid switching cabinet 30, one end of the bypass switch QSB of the grid-connected and off-grid switching cabinet 30, and one end of the AC circuit breaker QF13 of the charging module array (charging stack) 20; the other end of the bypass switch QS12 of the grid-connected and off-grid switching cabinet 30 is connected to the input end of the bidirectional thyristor; the output end of the bidirectional thyristor is connected to one end of the load switch QS21 of the grid-connected and off-grid switching cabinet 30; the other end of the load switch QS21 of the grid-connected and off-grid switching cabinet 30 is connected to the other end of the bypass switch QSB of the grid-connected and off-grid switching cabinet 30, one end of the AC output switch QS22 of the mobile charging vehicle, and one end of the AC circuit breaker QF23 of the bidirectional converter 40, and the bypass switch QSB of the grid-connected and off-grid switching cabinet 30 is connected in parallel with the bidirectional thyristor.

[0028] The other end of the AC output switch QS22 of the mobile charging vehicle is connected to the power protection load 70 and one end of the mobile charging vehicle's self-use power circuit breaker QFM; the other end of the mobile charging vehicle's self-use power circuit breaker QFM is connected to the self-use power. The other end of the AC circuit breaker QF13 of the charging module array (charging pile) 20 is connected to the input end of the charging module array (charging pile) 20; the output of the charging module array (charging pile) 20 is connected to one end of the UPS switch QF31 of the mobile charging vehicle and one end of the DC input circuit breaker QF33 of the DC charging pile 50; the other end of the DC input circuit breaker QF33 of the DC charging pile 50 is connected to the power distribution controller of the charging pile 50.

[0029] The other end of the UPS switch QF31 of the mobile charging vehicle is connected to one end of the DC circuit breaker QF32 of the bidirectional converter through the lithium-ion battery array (lithium battery stack) 60; the lithium-ion battery array (lithium battery stack) 60 is composed of 4 clusters of lithium batteries in parallel, and the positive poles of the 4 clusters of lithium batteries are respectively connected to the battery cluster DC circuit breakers BS1, BS2, BS3, and BS4 of the lithium-ion battery array (lithium battery stack) 60, and the negative poles of the 4 clusters of lithium batteries are grounded. The other end of the DC circuit breaker QF32 of the bidirectional converter 40 is connected to the input end of the bidirectional converter, and the output end of the bidirectional converter 40 is connected to the other end of the AC circuit breaker QF23 of the bidirectional converter.

[0030] ① Lithium battery array (lithium battery stack) 60: Lithium-ion battery array, also known as lithium battery stack, is formed by parallel connection of multiple clusters of lithium batteries. The total voltage of the array does not exceed DC1000V. Through BS1, BS2, BS3..., the on-off between each cluster of batteries and the DC bus can be independently controlled; each cluster of batteries is composed of several plug-in battery modules in series, and each battery module is composed of several lithium-ion battery cells in series and parallel. The battery array is equipped with a complete set of battery management system (BMS), which is responsible for the voltage and temperature acquisition, charge and life measurement, overcurrent and overheating protection of the battery array; BMS adopts a tree-like three-level architecture: array-level system (BAMS), cluster-level unit (BCMU) and module-level unit (BMU), which are responsible for the protection and control of the battery array, battery cluster and battery module respectively, so as to realize the safe and stable operation of the lithium-ion battery array. For mobile charging vehicles, sufficient seismic requirements are also required for lithium-ion battery arrays.

[0031] ② Bidirectional converter 40: The bidirectional converter dedicated to the energy storage system is also called the energy storage converter (PCS). It uses high-power IGBT as the main device and adopts a two-level bidirectional AC-DC topology. It includes IGBT and heat dissipation device, main controller and slave controller (including communication module, acquisition module, IGBT drive, etc.), electrical main circuit (power device, filter circuit, compensation circuit, etc.), control / protection / metering circuit, isolation transformer (Dyn11 connection) and other parts. The bidirectional converter can charge and discharge the battery in both directions through the strategy pre-set by the controller. The DC side supports four charging modes: CC / CV / CP / FC, and the AC side supports two working modes: PQ and V / F. In the UPS topology of the mobile charging vehicle, the bidirectional converter always works in the V / F mode; in the EPS topology, the bidirectional converter works in the switching state of the PQ and V / F modes. The AC working voltage of the bidirectional converter is 380V / 400V, and the DC working voltage is not more than 1000V, generally between 600V-900V.

[0032] ③ On-grid and off-grid switch cabinet 30: The on-grid and off-grid switch cabinet can choose two main circuit forms: ATS and STS. Taking the STS main circuit as an example: the cabinet body is mainly composed of bidirectional thyristors and heat dissipation devices, controllers, electrical main circuits, control / protection circuits, bypass switches, etc. When the bidirectional converter is converted from PQ mode to V / F mode, the on-grid and off-grid switch cabinet will turn off the bidirectional thyristors in time to achieve island protection; when the bidirectional converter is converted from V / F mode to PQ mode, it collects and tracks the grid phase, controls the on-grid and off-grid switch cabinet to turn on the bidirectional thyristors to achieve grid-connected operation. The control logic of the ATS on-grid and off-grid switch cabinet is the same. The AC working voltage of the on-grid and off-grid switch cabinet is 380V / 400V.

[0033] ④ Charging module matrix (charging pile) 20: The charging module array is a conversion device for providing charging power, which is formed by connecting multiple electric vehicle charging modules to the charging power control array in series and parallel. In the charging vehicle, the charging module array uses the State Grid standard charging to not only provide charging power for the charging pile, but also charge the lithium battery stack in the vehicle; in the UPS topology of the charging vehicle, the charging module array also acts as the rectifier part of the UPS to stabilize the DC voltage. The AC working voltage of the charging module array is 380V / 400V, and the DC working voltage is not more than 800V, generally between 250V-750V.

[0034] ⑤ DC charging pile 50: The charging vehicle uses the State Grid standard DC fast charging pile and is used in conjunction with the charging module array.

[0035] The mobile charging vehicle also includes other auxiliary equipment:

[0036] like Figure 5 The self-use power circuit shown: The mobile charging vehicle should be able to provide self-use power through bidirectional converter inversion in the absence of mains power or backup power supply, so as to adapt to complex working conditions such as black start and road emergency rescue.

[0037] like Figure 6 The communication circuit shown is the control / communication / protection / metering circuit: the mobile charging vehicle should have a matching and complete electrical secondary circuit so that the working status of all its electrical and electronic equipment can be monitored, controlled, measured and protected.

[0038] Energy Management System (EMS): The energy management system of a mobile charging vehicle should be able to coordinate with the self-power circuit, control / communication / protection / metering circuit, battery management system, charging pile control system, energy storage inverter control system, thermal management system, fire protection and security system, etc., to achieve management and control of the energy flow of the entire vehicle.

[0039] Thermal Management System (TMS): The thermal management system of the mobile charging vehicle mainly includes on-board industrial air conditioning, cooling fans and cooling air ducts, so that all its electrical and electronic equipment can operate at the optimal temperature state and adapt to various ambient temperature conditions; especially the temperature control of the lithium-ion battery stack, keeping its temperature within the range of 15°C to 35°C to maximize the battery's performance.

[0040] Firefighting and security systems: Mobile charging vehicles should be equipped with an on-board firefighting system that uses heptafluoropropane, perfluorohexanone, strontium ion aerosol, etc. as fire extinguishing media. When a fire occurs in electrical and electronic equipment, especially lithium batteries, it can respond and act quickly to curb the spread of the fire. At the same time, it should have a security system and arrange cameras in the charging cabin to support real-time recording and server uploading.

[0041] Hydraulic lifting system: The mobile charging vehicle adopts a separate design of vehicle body and cabin, which can be quickly deployed and transported. Therefore, it must be equipped with a lightweight, safe and reliable hydraulic lifting system.

[0042] The mobile charging vehicle of the present invention has the following four working modes for different application scenarios. Different modes can be switched manually. The switch states that need to be operated in each mode are shown in the following table:

[0043]

[0044] Among them, ● indicates that the corresponding switch is in a closed state, and 0 indicates that the corresponding switch is in an open state.

[0045] The corresponding names of each switch are shown in the following table:

[0046]

[0047] The four working modes are as follows:

[0048] Mode 1, such as Figure 2 UPS power supply vehicle mode shown: the mobile charging vehicle is in this mode, the charging module matrix 20, the lithium battery array 60, the bidirectional converter 40, and the power-keeping load 70 work normally, the UPS switch QF31 is closed, and the STS in the off-grid switching cabinet 30 is cut off and the charging pile 50 is disconnected; the AC power or diesel power supply is connected to the charging vehicle from the AC side of the charging module matrix 20, and DC isolation is formed with the power-keeping load 70 through the lithium battery array 60; the bidirectional converter 40 always works in V / F mode, and serves as a constant voltage source to supply power to the power-keeping load 70; due to the DC isolation and the DC voltage support provided by the lithium battery array 60, the power supply status of the AC power or diesel power supply will not affect the load side, thereby realizing UPS power supply for the load.

[0049] Mode 2, such as Figure 3The EPS power supply vehicle mode shown: the mobile power supply vehicle is in this mode, the lithium battery array 60, the bidirectional converter 40, and the power-saving load 70 work normally, the STS in the grid-connected and off-grid switching cabinet 30 is turned on, the charging pile 50 is disconnected, and the charging module matrix 20 is shut down; the mains power or diesel power source is connected to the charging vehicle from the grid side of the grid-connected and off-grid switching cabinet 30. At this time, the bidirectional converter 40 works in PQ mode (grid-connected operation) and injects node power into the power-saving load 70 as a controllable current source. The node voltage is supported by the mains power or diesel power; when the mains power or diesel power source is shaken or loses power, the bidirectional converter 40 The converter 40 switches to V / F mode (off-grid operation) and serves as a constant voltage source to supply power to the power-saving load 70. The node voltage is supported by the converter itself. At the same time, the STS in the on-grid and off-grid switching cabinet 30 is cut off to prevent the converter from triggering island protection. When the mains or diesel power supply is restored and the power quality meets the requirements, the bidirectional converter 40 monitors and tracks the grid voltage and phase through the STS. When the grid-connected conditions are met (the effective values ​​of the AC voltages are basically equal and the phase difference is not greater than 30°), the STS is turned on and the converter is connected to the grid without triggering the overvoltage protection of the converter.

[0050] Mode three, such as Figure 4 The mobile charging vehicle mode shown: When the mobile charging vehicle is in this mode, the lithium battery array 60, the bidirectional converter 40, the charging module matrix 20, and the charging pile 50 operate normally, and the STS in the off-grid switching cabinet 30 is turned on, and the charging vehicle AC input switch QS11 and the UPS switch QF31 are disconnected; at this time, the bidirectional converter 40 operates in the V / F mode, and serves as a constant voltage source to power the charging module matrix 20, and the charging module matrix 20 is rectified to power the charging pile 50.

[0051] Mode 4, fixed charging station mode: When the mobile charging vehicle is in this mode, only the charging module matrix 20 and the charging pile 50 are working, and the DC input circuit breaker QF33 is closed, and it is used as a fixed charging pile 50; after starting the lithium battery array 60, it can also recharge its own battery stack.

[0052] The present invention solves the problem that the traditional UPS power supply vehicle adopts the UPS topology, the main components of which must include a rectifier and an inverter at the same time, and the inverter always works in the V / F mode, and the application scenarios are limited; it solves the problem that the traditional diesel-generated power supply vehicle uses diesel as the energy storage medium, the conversion from cold standby to hot standby is slow, the output voltage is unstable, and changes with the load conditions, ambient temperature, etc.; it solves the problem that the photovoltaic storage and charging equipment and the mobile charging vehicle equipment adopt the bidirectional AC / DC topology, which involves the repeated switching of the converter working mode and is not suitable for use under the condition of poor power grid quality; it solves the current situation that UPS power supply vehicles, diesel-generated power supply vehicles, and mobile charging vehicles cannot adapt to the application status of most scenarios, and the problem that similar equipment cannot be used together and the purchase, storage, transportation and maintenance costs are high.

[0053] The present invention adopts a mobile power supply vehicle with lithium-ion batteries, which can adapt to the working conditions of vehicle movement, can be deployed and activated on-site, and ensure the normal working temperature of the battery stack; it combines the advantages of UPS equipment, EPS equipment, and electric vehicle charging equipment, adapts to multiple scenes and working conditions, and one device has multi-functional use, reducing the purchase cost and operation and maintenance cost; it has the characteristics of mobility and self-loading and unloading, and the hydraulic lifting mechanism is adaptively adjusted, can be deployed in a variety of terrains, and is flexible in transportation; AC input and AC output, and the output power quality is higher than the national standard requirements; it supports input of AC power, diesel generator, dual power supply with ATS, etc., supports three-phase power supply, low-power single-phase power supply, and charging pile output, has rich interfaces, and is widely used.

[0054] The specific implementation methods of the present invention are given above, but the present invention is not limited to the described implementation methods. Under the idea given by the present invention, the technical means in the above-mentioned embodiments are transformed, replaced, and modified in a way that is easy for a person skilled in the art to think of, and the effect is basically the same as the corresponding technical means in the present invention, and the purpose of the invention is basically the same. The technical solution formed in this way is formed by fine-tuning the above-mentioned embodiments, and this technical solution still falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional mobile charging vehicle, characterized in that: It includes an AC side and a DC side, as well as a charging module matrix and a bidirectional converter for realizing AC-DC conversion; the AC side and the DC side are connected through the charging module matrix and the bidirectional converter to form a ring topology; the AC side is provided with an on-grid and off-grid switching switch between the charging module matrix and the AC end of the bidirectional converter; the AC side is used to connect an external power supply on the AC end side of the charging module matrix, and the AC side is used to connect a load on the AC end side of the bidirectional converter; a charging pile, a UPS switch, and an energy storage device are sequentially provided between the charging module matrix and the DC end of the bidirectional converter, the charging pile is connected to the DC end of the charging module matrix, the UPS switch is used to disconnect when in the mobile charging vehicle mode, and the on-grid and off-grid switching switch is used to close when in the mobile charging vehicle mode.

2. The multifunctional mobile charging vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the multifunctional mobile charging vehicle is in the UPS power vehicle mode, the on-grid and off-grid switching switch is disconnected, and the external power supply supplies power to the load through the charging module matrix and the bidirectional converter; the energy storage device is used to supply power to the load uninterruptedly when the external power supply is abnormal.

3. The multifunctional mobile charging vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the multifunctional mobile charging vehicle is in the EPS power vehicle mode, the on-grid and off-grid switching switch is closed, and the external power supply supplies power to the load; when the energy storage device detects that the external power supply is abnormal, the on-grid and off-grid switching switch is disconnected; the energy storage device is used to supply power to the load through the bidirectional converter when the external power supply is abnormal.

4. The multifunctional mobile charging vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the multifunctional mobile charging vehicle is in the mobile charging vehicle mode, the external power supply supplies power to the charging pile through the charging module matrix; the energy storage device is used to supply power to the charging pile through the bidirectional converter and the charging module matrix when the external power supply is abnormal.

5. The multifunctional mobile charging vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the multifunctional mobile charging vehicle is in the fixed charging station mode, the on-grid and off-grid switching switch is disconnected, and the external power supply supplies power to the charging pile through the charging module matrix.

6. The multifunctional mobile charging vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-use electricity of the mobile charging vehicle is obtained from the AC side at the AC end of the bidirectional converter.

7. The multifunctional mobile charging vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The on-grid and off-grid switching switch includes an STS static transfer switch.

8. The multifunctional mobile charging vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy storage device is a lithium battery array.

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