A device and method for preventing water-rich strata from gushing out and improving shield tunneling efficiency

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel shield construction, and specifically discloses a device and method for preventing water-rich strata from gushing out and improving shield excavation efficiency, comprising: a base plate, a conveyor belt is provided at the top of the base plate, a hollow plate is connected to the outer wall of the base plate, a fixed frame is provided at the top of the hollow plate, and a control panel is provided on the outer wall of the fixed frame; a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism is provided on the inner side of the base plate, the driving mechanism comprises a motor and a double-headed wheel column, and the motor is connected to the inner side of the base plate; the present invention cooperates with the motor, double-headed wheel column, single-headed wheel column, hanging plate, abutment block and screening assembly, when the shield machine is crossing and the rock stratum is weathered and crushed to produce gravel, the sand and gravel produced when the shield machine is working will fall together, and the sand and gravel will be screened by the screen frame, thereby ensuring that the staff can quickly classify the sand and gravel produced when the shield machine is working, thereby ensuring smooth slag discharge.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel shield construction, and in particular relates to a device and method for preventing gushing from water-rich strata and improving shield tunneling efficiency. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of society and the rapid growth of urban rail transit, the shield method has been widely used in rail construction due to its advantages such as safety, efficiency, and wide adaptability. The earth pressure balance shield (EPB) is increasingly becoming the preferred choice for shield construction in various complex strata due to its wide adaptability to strata and strong rock breaking ability. However, in water-rich strata, due to the high water content in the strata, weathering of the rock strata during the shield machine's traversal can easily lead to problems such as fragmentation and loosening. When the screw conveyor is poorly sealed or the groundwater pressure is high, it is prone to gushing, which in turn causes large amounts of sediment and water to completely submerge the segment conveyor, preventing the device from advancing normally. Due to limited space, construction workers are extremely inefficient in clearing accumulated sediment and water, seriously restricting the efficiency of shield construction. At the same time, large amounts of sediment can disrupt the earth pressure balance, easily causing ground subsidence, flooding of the shield machine, tunnel collapse, and casualties, posing a huge risk.

[0003] During the use of traditional shield machines, the operating power of the device is mostly fixed, and manual adjustment operations are required by staff. When the operating power of the device is maintained at the same level, the energy loss of the device is also maintained at the same level. The device is inconvenient to adaptively adjust its own operating power according to the unit time amount of sediment and water flow generated during operation, and the energy saving performance of the device is poor. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for preventing water-rich strata from gushing out and improving shield tunneling efficiency, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A device for preventing water-rich strata from gushing out and improving shield tunneling efficiency, comprising:

[0007] A bottom plate, a conveyor belt is provided at the top of the bottom plate, a hollow plate is connected to the outer wall of the bottom plate, a fixing frame is provided at the top of the hollow plate, and a control panel is provided on the outer wall of the fixing frame;

[0008] A driving mechanism is provided on the inner side of the bottom plate, and includes a motor and a double-headed wheel column. The motor is connected to the inner side of the bottom plate, and the double-headed wheel column is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor. A single-headed wheel column is movably connected to the outer wall of the top of the fixed frame, a hanging plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the single-headed wheel column, and an abutment block is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the single-headed wheel column. A screening assembly is provided on the inner wall of the fixed frame;

[0009] A water spray mechanism, the water spray mechanism being arranged on the outer wall of the bottom plate, the water spray mechanism comprising a side plate, a water spray head and a water suction pump, the side plate being connected to the outer wall of the bottom plate, the water spray head being arranged on the outer wall of the side plate, the water suction pump being arranged on the inner side of the bottom plate, and the outer wall of the side plate being provided with a first control assembly;

[0010] The water outlet mechanism is arranged on the inner side of the bottom plate. The water outlet mechanism includes a fixing box, which is arranged on the inner side of the bottom plate. A second control component is arranged on the inner side of the fixing box.

[0011] Preferably, the screening assembly includes a side column, a support spring, a movable rod, a through column, a orifice plate and a screen frame, the side column is connected to the inner wall of the fixed frame, the support spring is connected to the bottom end of the inner wall of the side column, the movable rod is connected to the outer wall of the support spring, the through column is connected to the top of the movable rod, the orifice plate is sleeved on the outer wall of the through column, the screen frame is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the orifice plate, the outer wall of the fixed frame is fixedly connected to a connecting box, the inner wall of the connecting box is provided with a first push switch, the bottom end of the screen frame is provided with a downward pressure block, and the outer wall of the fixed frame is provided with an alarm.

[0012] Preferably, the outer wall of the double-headed wheel column is connected to the outer wall of the single-headed wheel column through the first crawler, the number of the hanging plates is multiple, and the multiple hanging plates are connected to the outer wall of the single-headed wheel column, and the movable rod is inserted into the inner side of the connecting box.

[0013] Preferably, the first control component includes a fixed column, a connecting column, a movable column, a movable wheel and a second push switch, the fixed column is connected to the outer wall of the side panel, the connecting column is connected to the outer wall of the fixed column, the movable column is sleeved on the inner side of the connecting column, the movable wheel is connected to the outer wall of the movable column, the second push switch is arranged on the inner wall of the fixed column, the outer wall of the conveyor belt is provided with a driving wheel rod, and the inner side of the base plate is provided with a central control module.

[0014] Preferably, the water outlet end of the water suction pump is inserted on the inner side of the side panel, the number of the water spray heads is multiple, and the multiple water spray heads are connected to the outer wall of the side panel, the number of the fixed columns is multiple, and the multiple fixed columns are connected to the outer wall of the side panel, the outer wall of the connecting column is connected to a contact spring, the end of the contact spring away from the connecting column is connected to the outer wall of the movable column, and the movable wheel contacts the inner wall of the conveyor belt.

[0015] Preferably, multiple groups of water discharge holes are opened at the top of the bottom plate, and the second control component includes a sealing box, a tension spring, a contact plate, a third push switch, a pull rod, a baffle and a foam plate. The sealing box is connected to the inner wall of the fixed box, the tension spring is connected to the inner wall of the sealing box, the contact plate is connected to the end of the tension spring away from the inner wall of the sealing box, the third push switch is connected to the inner wall of the sealing box, the pull rod is connected to the outer wall of the top of the contact plate, the baffle is connected to the outer wall of the pull rod, and the foam plate is connected to the outer wall of the pull rod.

[0016] Preferably, the water outlet valve pipe is connected to the outer wall of the hollow plate, and the outer wall of the hollow plate is provided with a water outlet pump.

[0017] Preferably, a water hole is provided at the connection between the bottom plate and the hollow plate, the side column is inserted into the inner side of the sealing box, and a water drain hole is provided on the outer wall of the fixing box.

[0018] Preferably, the water suction end of the water outlet pump is inserted into the inner side of the fixing box, and the baffle is in contact with the outer wall of the fixing box.

[0019] A method for preventing water-rich strata from gushing out and improving shield tunneling efficiency, characterized by:

[0020] Preferably, S1, when too much mud and sand falls on the surface of the conveyor belt during the operation of the shield machine, the movable wheel is pressed downward with a greater amplitude, so that the movable column moves on the inner side of the connecting column, the abutting spring is compressed, and the bottom end of the movable column abuts against the surface of the second push switch, thereby sending an electrical signal to control the central control module, thereby increasing the operating power of the motor.

[0021] S2. When water flows into the drain hole opened at the top of the bottom plate too quickly, the outlet valve pipe cannot discharge the water inside the bottom plate in time, resulting in excessive water accumulation inside the bottom plate. As a result, the foam plate moves upward under the action of water buoyancy, and the baffle does not abut against the surface of the fixed box. When the abutment plate abuts against the surface of the third press switch, an electrical signal is sent to control the central control module, thereby increasing the operating power of the motor, thereby ensuring that the device maintains low power when high-power operation is not required, thereby increasing the energy saving of the device, and at the same time, by controlling the start of the water outlet pump, the drainage rate of the device is accelerated.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] (1) The present invention cooperates with the motor, double-headed wheel column, single-headed wheel column, hanging plate, abutment block and screening assembly. When the shield machine is crossing and the rock layer is weathered and broken to produce gravel, the sand and gravel produced by the shield machine will fall together. The sand and gravel are screened by the screen frame, thereby ensuring that the staff can quickly classify the sand and gravel produced by the shield machine, thereby ensuring smooth slag discharge.

[0024] (2) The present invention ensures that the unit time amount of mud and water generated when the shield machine is working is detected through the cooperation of the side plates, the sprinkler head, the water suction pump and the first control component as well as the fixed box and the second control component. When the water flow suddenly increases or the mud and sand fall suddenly increases, the operating power of the sand cleaning and conveying device automatically increases, thereby accelerating the speed of sand cleaning, thereby avoiding the energy consumption caused by the device running at high power all the time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of the middle fixing frame from a side view;

[0027] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in the middle;

[0028] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 1 Side view of the structure at the middle sprinkler head;

[0029] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at B in the middle;

[0030] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of the midsole plate as viewed from above;

[0031] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at C in the middle;

[0032] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention.

[0033] In the figure: 11, bottom plate; 12, conveyor belt; 13, hollow plate; 14, fixed frame; 15, control panel; 2, driving mechanism; 21, motor; 22, double-headed wheel column; 23, single-headed wheel column; 24, hanging plate; 25, abutment block; 26, side column; 27, support spring; 28, movable rod; 29, through column; 210, orifice plate; 211, screen frame; 212, connecting box; 213, first push switch; 214, lower pressure block; 215, alarm; 3, Water spray mechanism; 31. Side panel; 32. Water spray head; 33. Water suction pump; 34. Fixed column; 35. Connecting column; 36. Movable column; 37. Movable wheel; 38. Second push switch; 39. Driving wheel rod; 310. Central control module; 4. Water outlet mechanism; 41. Fixed box; 42. Sealing box; 43. Tension spring; 44. Abutment plate; 45. Third push switch; 46. Pull rod; 47. Baffle; 48. Foam board; 49. Water outlet valve pipe; 410. Water outlet pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Example 1:

[0036] See also Figures 1-8 As shown, a device and method for preventing water-rich strata from gushing out and improving shield tunneling efficiency include:

[0037] A bottom plate 11, a conveyor belt 12 is provided at the top of the bottom plate 11, a hollow plate 13 is connected to the outer wall of the bottom plate 11, a fixing frame 14 is provided at the top of the hollow plate 13, and a control panel 15 is provided on the outer wall of the fixing frame 14;

[0038] The driving mechanism 2 is arranged on the inner side of the bottom plate 11. The driving mechanism 2 includes a motor 21 and a double-headed wheel column 22. The motor 21 is connected to the inner side of the bottom plate 11. The double-headed wheel column 22 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 21. The outer wall of the top of the fixed frame 14 is movably connected to the single-headed wheel column 23. The outer wall of the single-headed wheel column 23 is fixedly connected to a hanging plate 24. The outer wall of the single-headed wheel column 23 is fixedly connected to an abutment block 25. The inner wall of the fixed frame 14 is provided with a screening component;

[0039] The water spray mechanism 3 is arranged on the outer wall of the bottom plate 11. The water spray mechanism 3 includes a side plate 31, a water spray head 32 and a water suction pump 33. The side plate 31 is connected to the outer wall of the bottom plate 11, the water spray head 32 is arranged on the outer wall of the side plate 31, and the water suction pump 33 is arranged on the inner side of the bottom plate 11. The outer wall of the side plate 31 is provided with a first control component;

[0040] The water outlet mechanism 4 is arranged on the inner side of the bottom plate 11 . The water outlet mechanism 4 includes a fixing box 41 . The fixing box 41 is arranged on the inner side of the bottom plate 11 . A second control component is arranged on the inner side of the fixing box 41 .

[0041] Depend on Figure 1 and Figure 2-Figure 3 It can be seen that the screening assembly includes a side column 26, a support spring 27, a movable rod 28, a through column 29, a orifice plate 210 and a screen frame 211. The side column 26 is connected to the inner wall of the fixed frame 14, the support spring 27 is connected to the bottom end of the inner wall of the side column 26, the movable rod 28 is connected to the outer wall of the support spring 27, the through column 29 is connected to the top of the movable rod 28, the orifice plate 210 is fitted on the outer wall of the through column 29, the screen frame 211 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the orifice plate 210, the outer wall of the fixed frame 14 is fixedly connected to the connecting box 212, the inner wall of the connecting box 212 is provided with a first press switch 213, the bottom end of the screen frame 211 is provided with a downward pressure block 214, and the outer wall of the fixed frame 14 is provided with an alarm 215.

[0042] As can be seen from the above, first the staff starts the motor 21, thereby causing the double-headed wheel column 22 to rotate, and then causing the single-headed wheel column 23 to rotate, so that the abutment block 25 connected to the outer wall of the single-headed wheel column 23 abuts against the surface of the lower pressure block 214, thereby causing the screen frame 211 to move upward, and when the movable rod 28 abuts against the surface of the orifice plate 210, the movable rod 28 connected to the support spring 27 also moves upward, thereby ensuring the vibration of the screen frame 211, and by starting the conveyor belt 12, the transportation of the mud and sand is ensured, and the transported mud and sand enters the inner side of the screen frame 211, thereby screening the stones in the mud and sand.

[0043] Specifically, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the outer wall of the double-headed wheel column 22 is connected to the outer wall of the single-headed wheel column 23 through the first track, there are multiple hanging plates 24, and multiple hanging plates 24 are connected to the outer wall of the single-headed wheel column 23, and the movable rod 28 is inserted into the inner side of the connecting box 212.

[0044] As can be seen from the above, the first crawler connected to the outer wall of the double-headed wheel column 22 ensures that when the double-headed wheel column 22 rotates, the single-headed wheel column 23 also rotates. When there are too many stones on the inside of the screen frame 211, the bottom end of the movable rod 28 abuts against the surface of the first push switch 213, thereby causing the alarm 215 to sound an alarm, thereby reminding the staff to clean the stones inside the screen frame 211 in time.

[0045] Specifically, the first control component includes a fixed column 34, a connecting column 35, a movable column 36, a movable wheel 37 and a second press switch 38. The fixed column 34 is connected to the outer wall of the side panel 31, the connecting column 35 is connected to the outer wall of the fixed column 34, the movable column 36 is fitted on the inner side of the connecting column 35, the movable wheel 37 is connected to the outer wall of the movable column 36, the second press switch 38 is arranged on the inner wall of the fixed column 34, the outer wall of the conveyor belt 12 is provided with a driving wheel rod 39, and the inner side of the base plate 11 is provided with a central control module 310.

[0046] As can be seen from the above, when too much mud and sand falls on the surface of the conveyor belt 12 during the operation of the shield machine, the movable wheel 37 is pressed downward with a greater amplitude, so that the movable column 36 moves on the inner side of the connecting column 35, and the abutting spring is compressed, so that the bottom end of the movable column 36 abuts against the surface of the second push switch 38, and then sends an electrical signal to control the central control module 310, thereby increasing the operating power of the motor 21.

[0047] Specifically, the water outlet end of the water suction pump 33 is inserted into the inner side of the side plate 31, the number of the water spray heads 32 is multiple, and the multiple water spray heads 32 are connected to the outer wall of the side plate 31, the number of the fixed columns 34 is multiple, and the multiple fixed columns 34 are connected to the outer wall of the side plate 31, the outer wall of the connecting column 35 is connected to a contact spring, and the end of the contact spring away from the connecting column 35 is connected to the outer wall of the movable column 36, and the movable wheel 37 is in contact with the inner wall of the conveyor belt 12.

[0048] From the above, it can be seen that when the shield machine is working, if it does not encounter a water-rich stratum, a large amount of dust will be produced during its operation, which will interfere with the operating line of sight of the device. By starting the water suction pump 33, the water inside the bottom plate 11 can be sprayed out through the sprinkler head 32, thereby degrading the dust at the operating location of the device.

[0049] Example 2:

[0050] refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, multiple groups of water discharge holes are opened at the top of the bottom plate 11, and the second control component includes a sealing box 42, a tension spring 43, a contact plate 44, a third push switch 45, a pull rod 46, a baffle 47 and a foam plate 48. The sealing box 42 is connected to the inner wall of the fixed box 41, the tension spring 43 is connected to the inner wall of the sealing box 42, the contact plate 44 is connected to the end of the tension spring 43 away from the inner wall of the sealing box 42, the third push switch 45 is connected to the inner wall of the sealing box 42, the pull rod 46 is connected to the outer wall of the top of the contact plate 44, the baffle 47 is connected to the outer wall of the pull rod 46, the foam plate 48 is connected to the outer wall of the pull rod 46, the outlet valve pipe 49 is connected to the outer wall of the hollow plate 13, and the outer wall of the hollow plate 13 is provided with a water outlet pump 410.

[0051] As can be seen from the above, when the water entering the drain hole opened at the top of the bottom plate 11 flows too fast, the water outlet valve pipe 49 cannot discharge the water inside the bottom plate 11 in time, resulting in excessive water accumulation inside the bottom plate 11. As a result, the foam plate 48 is caused by the buoyancy of the water, and the pull rod 46 moves upward, so that the tension spring 43 is stretched, and the baffle 47 does not abut on the surface of the fixed box 41. When the abutment plate 44 abuts on the surface of the third press switch 45, an electrical signal is sent to control the central control module 310, so that the operating power of the motor 21 is increased, thereby ensuring that the device maintains low power when high-power operation is not required, thereby increasing the energy saving of the device, and at the same time, by controlling the start of the water outlet pump 410, the drainage rate of the device is accelerated.

[0052] Preferably, reference Figure 1-Figure 7 As shown, a water hole is opened at the connection between the bottom plate 11 and the hollow plate 13, the pull rod 46 is inserted into the inner side of the sealing box 42, a drain hole is opened on the outer wall of the fixed box 41, the water suction end of the water outlet pump 410 is inserted into the inner side of the fixed box 41, and the baffle 47 is pressed against the outer wall of the fixed box 41.

[0053] As can be seen from the above, the water hole opened between the bottom plate 11 and the hollow plate 13 ensures that the water on the inside of the bottom plate 11 enters the inside of the hollow plate 13 through the water hole and can be discharged through the water outlet valve pipe 49. When there is not much water accumulated on the inside of the bottom plate 11, the pull rod 46 is pulled by the tension spring 43, thereby ensuring that the baffle 47 seals the water leakage hole on the outer wall of the fixed box 41. When the baffle 47 does not block the water leakage hole, the water on the inside of the bottom plate 11 enters the inside of the fixed box 41, thereby ensuring that when the water outlet pump 410 is started, the water on the inside of the bottom plate 11 can be discharged.

[0054] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for preventing water-rich strata from gushing out and improving shield tunneling efficiency, characterized in that: include: A bottom plate (11), a conveyor belt (12) is provided at the top of the bottom plate (11), a hollow plate (13) is connected to the outer wall of the bottom plate (11), a fixing frame (14) is provided at the top of the hollow plate (13), and a control panel (15) is provided on the outer wall of the fixing frame (14); A driving mechanism (2), the driving mechanism (2) being arranged on the inner side of the bottom plate (11), the driving mechanism (2) comprising a motor (21) and a double-headed wheel column (22), the motor (21) being connected to the inner side of the bottom plate (11), the double-headed wheel column (22) being fixedly connected to the output end of the motor (21), the top outer wall of the fixed frame (14) being movably connected to a single-headed wheel column (23), the outer wall of the single-headed wheel column (23) being fixedly connected to a hanging plate (24), the outer wall of the single-headed wheel column (23) being fixedly connected to an abutting block (25), and the inner wall of the fixed frame (14) being provided with a screening assembly; A water spray mechanism (3), the water spray mechanism (3) being arranged on the outer wall of the bottom plate (11), the water spray mechanism (3) comprising a side plate (31), a water spray head (32) and a water suction pump (33), the side plate (31) being connected to the outer wall of the bottom plate (11), the water spray head (32) being arranged on the outer wall of the side plate (31), the water suction pump (33) being arranged on the inner side of the bottom plate (11), and the outer wall of the side plate (31) being provided with a first control component; A water outlet mechanism (4), the water outlet mechanism (4) being arranged on the inner side of the bottom plate (11), the water outlet mechanism (4) comprising a fixing box (41), the fixing box (41) being arranged on the inner side of the bottom plate (11), and a second control component being arranged on the inner side of the fixing box (41); The first control component includes a fixed column (34), a connecting column (35), a movable column (36), a movable wheel (37) and a second push switch (38), wherein the fixed column (34) is connected to the outer wall of the side plate (31), the connecting column (35) is connected to the outer wall of the fixed column (34), the movable column (36) is sleeved on the inner side of the connecting column (35), the movable wheel (37) is connected to the outer wall of the movable column (36), the second push switch (38) is arranged on the inner wall of the fixed column (34), the outer wall of the conveyor belt (12) is provided with a driving wheel rod (39), and the inner side of the base plate (11) is provided with a central control module (310).

2. The device for preventing water-rich strata from gushing out and improving shield tunneling efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screening assembly comprises a side column (26), a support spring (27), a movable rod (28), a through column (29), a perforated plate (210) and a screen frame (211), wherein the side column (26) is connected to the inner wall of the fixed frame (14), the support spring (27) is connected to the bottom end of the inner wall of the side column (26), the movable rod (28) is connected to the outer wall of the support spring (27), the through column (29) is connected to the top end of the movable rod (28), the orifice plate (210) is fitted on the outer wall of the through column (29), the screen frame (211) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the orifice plate (210), the outer wall of the fixed frame (14) is fixedly connected with a connecting box (212), the inner wall of the connecting box (212) is provided with a first press switch (213), the bottom end of the screen frame (211) is provided with a lower pressing block (214), and the outer wall of the fixed frame (14) is provided with an alarm (215).

3. The device for preventing water-rich strata from gushing out and improving shield tunneling efficiency according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer wall of the double-headed wheel column (22) is connected to the outer wall of the single-headed wheel column (23) through a first crawler. The number of the hanging plates (24) is multiple, and the multiple hanging plates (24) are connected to the outer wall of the single-headed wheel column (23). The movable rod (28) is inserted into the inner side of the connecting box (212).

4. The device for preventing water-rich strata from gushing out and improving shield tunneling efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water outlet end of the water suction pump (33) is inserted into the inner side of the side plate (31), the number of the water spray heads (32) is multiple, and the multiple water spray heads (32) are connected to the outer wall of the side plate (31), the number of the fixed columns (34) is multiple, and the multiple fixed columns (34) are connected to the outer wall of the side plate (31), the outer wall of the connecting column (35) is connected to a contact spring, and one end of the contact spring away from the connecting column (35) is connected to the outer wall of the movable column (36), and the movable wheel (37) is in contact with the inner wall of the conveyor belt (12).

5. The device for preventing water-rich strata from gushing out and improving shield tunneling efficiency according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The top of the bottom plate (11) is provided with a plurality of water discharge holes, and the second control component comprises a sealing box (42), a tension spring (43), a contact plate (44), a third push switch (45), a pull rod (46), a baffle (47) and a foam plate (48); the sealing box (42) is connected to the inner wall of the fixed box (41); the tension spring (43) is connected to the inner wall of the sealing box (42); the contact plate (44) is connected to the end of the tension spring (43) away from the inner wall of the sealing box (42); the third push switch (45) is connected to the inner wall of the sealing box (42); the pull rod (46) is connected to the outer wall of the top of the contact plate (44); the baffle (47) is connected to the outer wall of the pull rod (46); and the foam plate (48) is connected to the outer wall of the pull rod (46).

6. The device for preventing water-rich strata from gushing out and improving shield tunneling efficiency according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a water outlet valve pipe (49), which is connected to the outer wall of the hollow plate (13), and the outer wall of the hollow plate (13) is provided with a water outlet pump (410).

7. The device for preventing water-rich strata from gushing out and improving shield tunneling efficiency according to claim 6, characterized in that: A water hole is provided at the connection between the bottom plate (11) and the hollow plate (13), the pull rod (46) is inserted into the inner side of the sealing box (42), and a water drain hole is provided on the outer wall of the fixing box (41).

8. The device for preventing water-rich strata from gushing out and improving shield tunneling efficiency according to claim 6, characterized in that: The water suction end of the water outlet pump (410) is inserted into the inner side of the fixing box (41), and the baffle (47) is in contact with the outer wall of the fixing box (41).

9. A method for preventing water-rich strata from gushing out and improving shield tunneling efficiency, characterized by: S1. When the shield machine is running, if too much sediment falls on the surface of the conveyor belt, the movable wheel is pressed down with a greater amplitude, causing the movable column to move inside the connecting column, compressing the contact spring, and causing the bottom end of the movable column to contact the surface of the second push switch, thereby sending an electrical signal to control the central control module, thereby increasing the operating power of the motor; S2. When water flows into the drain hole opened at the top of the bottom plate too quickly, the outlet valve pipe cannot discharge the water inside the bottom plate in time, resulting in excessive water accumulation inside the bottom plate. As a result, the foam plate moves upward under the action of water buoyancy, and the baffle does not abut against the surface of the fixed box. When the abutment plate abuts against the surface of the third press switch, an electrical signal is sent to control the central control module, thereby increasing the operating power of the motor, thereby ensuring that the device maintains low power when high-power operation is not required, thereby increasing the energy saving of the device, and at the same time, by controlling the start of the water outlet pump, the drainage rate of the device is accelerated.

Images