Internal grinding head spindle and driving method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an internal grinding head spindle, comprising a mechanical spindle, a synchronous belt driving mechanism, a grinding wheel, a grinding wheel spindle, a first plum blossom elastic coupling and a second plum blossom coupling; the mechanical spindle is arranged on one side of the grinding wheel spindle, the synchronous belt driving mechanism is arranged on the other side, and the grinding wheel is arranged on the grinding wheel spindle; the internal grinding head spindle of the invention adopts synchronous belt drive, and compared with pulley transmission, there is no relative sliding between the pulley and the transmission belt of the synchronous belt transmission, which can ensure a strict transmission ratio, improve the transmission accuracy, and has a compact structure and can adapt to various harsh working conditions; the invention adopts a structure in which one side of the grinding wheel is driven by the synchronous belt mechanism and the other side is equipped with a mechanical spindle, which can reduce vibration, make the drive more stable, improve the processing accuracy and has a compact structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of gear processing, and in particular to an internal grinding head spindle and a driving method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The grinding wheel spindles of existing gear grinding machines are mainly divided into two categories: mechanical spindles and electric spindles. Mechanical spindles are generally driven by synchronous belts, with simple structures, convenient manufacturing, easy maintenance, can alleviate the impact and vibration of transmission, and the transmission process is relatively smooth. The electric spindle is a new technology that integrates the machine tool spindle and the motor spindle. The rotor of the motor is directly used as the spindle of the machine tool. The housing of the spindle unit is the motor base, and other components are used to achieve the integration of the motor and the machine tool spindle. It has a compact structure, light weight, small inertia, low noise, fast response, and high transmission efficiency. The disadvantage is that it requires a series of automatic control equipment, high cost, and complicated repair and maintenance. Once a failure occurs, the repair cost is also high, and professional debugging is required.

[0003] In external gear forming grinding machines, more and more electric spindles are used for the grinding wheel spindles. However, there are interference problems between the grinding wheel spindles and the gear rings of internal gear forming grinding machines. The electric spindles and general synchronous belt-driven mechanical spindles are too large to be used in internal gear forming grinding machines. Generally, large internal gear grinding machines use mechanical spindles driven by gears, which have complex structures and high technical difficulty. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides an internal grinding head spindle and a driving method thereof, which optimizes the position layout of the synchronous belt drive and solves the problem that the grinding wheel spindle used in a large internal gear forming grinding machine must have a very compact structure in order to avoid interference with a workpiece. At present, the general practice is to use a complex gear transmission chain composed of bevel gears and cylindrical gears to drive the mechanical spindle, which has a complex structure and is difficult to design, and is prone to problems such as abnormal heating and loud noise.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] An internal grinding head spindle comprises a mechanical spindle 9, a synchronous belt drive mechanism 30, a grinding wheel 11, a grinding wheel spindle 10, a No. 1 plum blossom elastic coupling 6 and a No. 2 plum blossom coupling 12; the mechanical spindle 9 is provided on one side of the grinding wheel spindle 10, and the synchronous belt drive mechanism 30 is provided on the other side; and the grinding wheel 11 is provided on the grinding wheel spindle 10.

[0007] The mechanical spindle 9 includes a spindle 17, a mechanical spindle bracket 13, a mechanical spindle housing 14, a bearing 15 and a sleeve 16. The mechanical spindle housing 14 is installed on the mechanical spindle bracket 13, the bearing 15 is installed on the mechanical spindle housing 14, the outer ring of the bearing 15 is fixed to the mechanical spindle housing 14, the inner ring of the bearing 15 is fixed to the sleeve 16, the sleeve 16 is located at the center of the mechanical spindle housing 14, and the spindle 17 is installed in the sleeve 16; the mechanical spindle bracket 13 is installed on the column of the gear grinding machine, and the mechanical spindle 9 is connected to the grinding wheel spindle 10.

[0008] The synchronous belt drive mechanism 30 includes a synchronous belt drive motor 8, a motor bracket 7, a small pulley 5, a tensioning wheel 4, a large pulley 1, a synchronous belt 21, a pulley bracket 2 and a pulley bracket cover 3. The drive motor 8 is fixed on the motor bracket 7 on the machine tool. The large pulley 1, the small pulley 5 and the tensioning wheel 4 are installed on the pulley bracket 2. The tensioning wheel 4 is installed on the inner side of the loose edge of the synchronous belt 21. The pulley bracket cover 3 is installed on the pulley bracket 2. The synchronous belt 21 is installed horizontally, and the mechanical main shaft is parallel to the synchronous belt drive motor 8. The synchronous belt drive mechanism 30 transmits motion through the meshing of the equidistantly distributed transverse teeth on the inner surface of the synchronous belt 21 and the corresponding tooth grooves on the large pulley 1 and the small pulley 5. Compared with the friction belt drive, there is no relative sliding between the pulley and the transmission belt of the synchronous belt drive, which can ensure a strict transmission ratio, and has a compact structure and can adapt to various harsh working conditions.

[0009] The first plum blossom elastic coupling 6 includes a first half coupling 18 and an elastic element 19, and the second plum blossom elastic coupling 12 includes a second half coupling 20 and the elastic element 19. The first plum blossom elastic coupling 6 and the second plum blossom elastic coupling 12 mainly transmit torque by the claws of the two half couplings meshing and bearing radial extrusion. When the two axes are relatively offset, the plum blossom elastic element 19 undergoes corresponding elastic deformation to play a role of automatic compensation.

[0010] The mechanical main shaft 9 and the synchronous belt driving mechanism 30 are installed together at the same height on the gear grinding machine column and are adjusted synchronously with the grinding wheel 11.

[0011] The mechanical spindle 9 on one side of the grinding wheel 11 includes three groups of bearings 15 , and the three groups of bearings 15 are installed in parallel in the mechanical spindle housing 14 .

[0012] The synchronous belt drive motor 8 is mounted on the column of the gear grinding machine through the motor bracket 7.

[0013] The synchronous belt driving motor 8 is connected to the small pulley 5 through the No. 1 plum blossom elastic coupling 6 .

[0014] The large pulley 1 is connected to the grinding wheel spindle 10 via the No. 2 plum blossom elastic coupling 12 .

[0015] The No. 1 plum blossom elastic coupling 6 and the No. 2 plum blossom elastic coupling 12 connect the synchronous belt drive mechanism 30 to its synchronous belt drive motor 8 and the grinding wheel spindle 10. During processing, when the rotational speeds of the grinding wheel spindle 10 and the synchronous belt 21 are not completely consistent, the elastic element 19 can play a buffering role and protect the grinding wheel spindle 10.

[0016] A driving method of an inner grinding head spindle of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0017] When the synchronous belt driving motor 8 rotates, the grinding wheel 11 is driven from one side of the grinding wheel 11 through the synchronous belt 21, and the other side of the grinding wheel 11 is connected to the mechanical main shaft 9. The synchronous belt driving motor 8, the synchronous belt mechanism 30, and the mechanical main shaft 9 are all fixed on the column of the gear grinding machine, and the transmission is smooth, with buffering and vibration reduction effects.

[0018] During gear grinding, the grinding wheel 11 is driven by the synchronous belt 21, and the other side of the mechanical spindle 9 fixes the position of the grinding wheel spindle 10 relative to the synchronous belt 21, thereby reducing the vibration and offset of the grinding wheel spindle 10 while outputting torque, alleviating the load on the grinding wheel spindle 10 to a certain extent, improving the machining accuracy, and extending the life of the grinding wheel spindle 10.

[0019] The load on the grinding wheel spindle 10 will suddenly change at the moment when the grinding wheel 11 contacts the workpiece during processing. The two ends of the synchronous belt 21 are connected to the grinding wheel spindle 10 and the synchronous belt drive motor 8 using the No. 1 plum blossom elastic coupling 6 and the No. 2 plum blossom elastic coupling 12. The elastic element 19 between the two half couplings with claws can buffer the impact of the grinding wheel spindle 10 when the rotation speed of the grinding wheel 11 changes.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The inner grinding head spindle and the driving method thereof of the present invention adopt synchronous belt drive. Compared with pulley drive, there is no relative sliding between the pulley and the transmission belt of the synchronous belt drive, which can ensure a strict transmission ratio, improve the transmission accuracy, and has a compact structure and can adapt to various harsh working conditions. The present invention adopts a structure in which one side of the grinding wheel is driven by a synchronous belt mechanism and the other side is equipped with a mechanical spindle, which can reduce vibration, make the drive more stable, improve the processing accuracy and have a compact structure. The synchronous belt drives the mechanical spindle through a plum blossom coupling, mainly transmits the torque from the servo motor to the mechanical spindle, does not transmit additional radial load, reduces the load of the mechanical spindle, and extends the life of the spindle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is one of the split structure schematic diagrams of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is the second schematic diagram of the split structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 It is one of the partial structural schematic diagrams of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is the second schematic diagram of the partial structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of a half-section structure of the mechanical spindle of the present invention;

[0030] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the half-section structure of the plum blossom elastic coupling of the present invention.

[0031] In the figure: 1. large pulley; 2. pulley bracket; 3. pulley bracket cover; 4. tensioner; 5. small pulley; 6. No. 1 plum blossom elastic coupling; 7. motor bracket; 8. synchronous belt drive motor; 9. mechanical spindle; 10. grinding wheel spindle; 11. grinding wheel; 12. No. 2 plum blossom elastic coupling; 13. mechanical spindle bracket; 14. mechanical spindle housing; 15. bearing; 16. bushing; 17. spindle; 18. No. 1 and a half coupling; 19. elastic element; 20. No. 2 and a half coupling; 21. synchronous belt; 30. synchronous belt drive mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] An internal grinding head spindle comprises a mechanical spindle 9, a synchronous belt drive mechanism 30, a grinding wheel 11, a grinding wheel spindle 10, a No. 1 plum blossom elastic coupling 6 and a No. 2 plum blossom coupling 12; the mechanical spindle 9 is provided on one side of the grinding wheel spindle 10, and the synchronous belt drive mechanism 30 is provided on the other side; and the grinding wheel 11 is provided on the grinding wheel spindle 10.

[0034] The mechanical spindle 9 includes a spindle 17, a mechanical spindle bracket 13, a mechanical spindle housing 14, a bearing 15 and a sleeve 16. The mechanical spindle housing 14 is installed on the mechanical spindle bracket 13, the bearing 15 is installed on the mechanical spindle housing 14, the outer ring of the bearing 15 is fixed to the mechanical spindle housing 14, the inner ring of the bearing 15 is fixed to the sleeve 16, the sleeve 16 is located at the center of the mechanical spindle housing 14, and the spindle 17 is installed in the sleeve 16; the mechanical spindle bracket 13 is installed on the column of the gear grinding machine, and the mechanical spindle 9 is connected to the grinding wheel spindle 10.

[0035] The synchronous belt drive mechanism 30 includes a synchronous belt drive motor 8, a motor bracket 7, a small pulley 5, a tensioning wheel 4, a large pulley 1, a synchronous belt 21, a pulley bracket 2 and a pulley bracket cover 3. The drive motor 8 is fixed on the motor bracket 7 on the machine tool. The large pulley 1, the small pulley 5 and the tensioning wheel 4 are installed on the pulley bracket 2. The tensioning wheel 4 is installed on the inner side of the loose edge of the synchronous belt 21. The pulley bracket cover 3 is installed on the pulley bracket 2. The synchronous belt 21 is installed horizontally. The mechanical main shaft 9 is parallel to the synchronous belt drive motor 8. The synchronous belt drive mechanism 30 transmits motion through the meshing of the equidistantly distributed transverse teeth on the inner surface of the synchronous belt 21 and the corresponding tooth grooves on the large pulley 1 and the small pulley 5. Compared with the friction belt drive, there is no relative sliding between the pulley and the transmission belt of the synchronous belt drive, which can ensure a strict transmission ratio, and has a compact structure and can adapt to various harsh working conditions.

[0036] The first plum blossom elastic coupling 6 and the second plum blossom elastic coupling 12 include a first half coupling 18, a second half coupling 20 and the elastic element 19. The first plum blossom elastic coupling 6 and the second plum blossom elastic coupling 12 mainly transmit torque by engaging the claws of the two half couplings and bearing radial extrusion. When the two axes are relatively offset, the plum blossom elastic element 19 undergoes corresponding elastic deformation to play a role of automatic compensation.

[0037] The mechanical main shaft 9 and the synchronous belt driving mechanism 30 are installed together at the same height on the gear grinding machine column and are adjusted synchronously with the grinding wheel 11.

[0038] The mechanical spindle 9 on one side of the grinding wheel 11 includes three groups of bearings 15 , and the three groups of bearings 15 are installed in parallel in the mechanical spindle housing 14 .

[0039] The synchronous belt drive motor 8 is mounted on the column of the gear grinding machine through the motor bracket 7.

[0040] The synchronous belt driving motor 8 is connected to the small pulley 5 through the No. 1 plum blossom elastic coupling 6 .

[0041] The large pulley 1 is connected to the grinding wheel spindle 10 via the No. 2 plum blossom elastic coupling 12 .

[0042] The No. 1 plum blossom elastic coupling 6 and the No. 2 plum blossom elastic coupling 12 connect the synchronous belt drive mechanism 30 to its synchronous belt drive motor 8 and the grinding wheel spindle 10. During processing, when the rotational speeds of the grinding wheel spindle 10 and the synchronous belt 21 are not completely consistent, the elastic element 19 can play a buffering role and protect the grinding wheel spindle 10.

[0043] A driving method of an inner grinding head spindle of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0044] When the synchronous belt driving motor 8 rotates, the grinding wheel 11 is driven from one side of the grinding wheel 11 through the synchronous belt 21, and the other side of the grinding wheel 11 is connected to the mechanical main shaft 9. The synchronous belt driving motor 8, the synchronous belt mechanism 30, and the mechanical main shaft 9 are all fixed on the column of the gear grinding machine, and the transmission is smooth, with buffering and vibration reduction effects.

[0045] During gear grinding, the grinding wheel 11 is driven by the synchronous belt 21, and the other side of the mechanical spindle 9 fixes the position of the grinding wheel spindle 10 relative to the synchronous belt 21, thereby reducing the vibration and offset of the grinding wheel spindle 10 while outputting torque, alleviating the load on the grinding wheel spindle 10 to a certain extent, improving the machining accuracy, and extending the life of the grinding wheel spindle 10.

[0046] The load on the grinding wheel spindle 10 will suddenly change at the moment when the grinding wheel 11 contacts the workpiece during processing. The two ends of the synchronous belt 21 are connected to the grinding wheel spindle 10 and the synchronous belt drive motor 8 using the No. 1 plum blossom elastic coupling 6 and the No. 2 plum blossom elastic coupling 12. The elastic element 19 between the two half couplings with claws can buffer the impact of the grinding wheel spindle 10 when the rotation speed of the grinding wheel 11 changes.

[0047] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only preferred examples of the invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Without departing from the novel spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An internal grinding head spindle, characterized in that: It comprises a mechanical spindle (9), a synchronous belt drive mechanism (30), a grinding wheel (11), a grinding wheel spindle (10), a first plum blossom elastic coupling (6), and a second plum blossom elastic coupling (12); the mechanical spindle (9) is provided on one side of the grinding wheel spindle (10), and the synchronous belt drive mechanism (30) is provided on the other side; The mechanical spindle (9) comprises a spindle (17), a mechanical spindle support (13), a mechanical spindle housing (14), a bearing (15) and a shaft sleeve (16); the mechanical spindle housing (14) is mounted on the mechanical spindle support (13); the bearing (15) is mounted on the mechanical spindle housing (14); the outer ring of the bearing (15) is fixed to the mechanical spindle housing (14); the inner ring of the bearing (15) is fixed to the shaft sleeve (16); and the shaft sleeve (16) is located on the mechanical spindle. The center of the housing (14) is provided with a main shaft (17) installed in the shaft sleeve (16); the mechanical main shaft support (13) is installed on the column of the gear grinding machine, and the mechanical main shaft (9) is connected to the grinding wheel main shaft (10); the synchronous belt driving mechanism (30) comprises a synchronous belt driving motor (8), a motor support (7), a small pulley (5), a tensioning wheel (4), a large pulley (1), a synchronous belt (21), a pulley support (2) and a pulley support cover plate (3); the synchronous belt driving motor (8) is connected to the main shaft (10) through the first plum The plum blossom elastic coupling (6) is connected to the small pulley (5); the large pulley (1), the small pulley (5) and the tensioning wheel (4) are mounted on the pulley bracket (2); the tensioning wheel (4) is mounted on the inner side of the loose edge of the synchronous belt (21); the pulley bracket cover plate (3) is mounted on the pulley bracket (2); the synchronous belt (21) is horizontally mounted; the mechanical main shaft is parallel to the synchronous belt drive motor (8); the first plum blossom elastic coupling (6) and the second plum blossom elastic coupling (12) include a first half coupling (18), a second half coupling (20) and an elastic element (19); the mechanical spindle (9) and the synchronous belt drive mechanism (30) are installed together on the column of the gear grinding machine and are adjusted synchronously with the grinding wheel (11); the mechanical spindle (9) on one side of the grinding wheel (11) comprises three groups of bearings (15), and the three groups of bearings (15) are installed in parallel in the mechanical spindle housing (14); the large pulley (1) is connected to the grinding wheel spindle (10) through the second plum blossom elastic coupling (12).

2. The inner grinding head spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The synchronous belt drive motor (8) is mounted on the column of the gear grinding machine via the motor bracket (7).

3. A method for driving an inner grinding head spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: When the synchronous belt drive motor (8) rotates, the grinding wheel (11) is driven from one side of the grinding wheel (11) through the synchronous belt (21), and the other side of the grinding wheel (11) is connected to the mechanical spindle (9), the synchronous belt drive mechanism (30) and the mechanical spindle (9) are both fixed on a column of the gear grinding machine, the synchronous belt (21) is installed horizontally, and the mechanical spindle (9) is parallel to the synchronous belt drive motor (8); S2: When performing gear grinding, the grinding wheel (11) is driven by the synchronous belt (21), and the other side of the mechanical spindle (9) fixes the position of the spindle (17) relative to the synchronous belt (21), thereby reducing the vibration and deviation of the spindle (17) while outputting torque, thereby alleviating the load on the spindle (17); S3: When the grinding wheel (11) contacts the workpiece during machining, the load on the spindle (17) will suddenly change. The two ends of the synchronous belt (21) are connected to the grinding wheel spindle (10) and the synchronous belt drive motor (8) using the first plum blossom elastic coupling (6) and the second plum blossom elastic coupling (12). The elastic element (19) between the two half couplings with claws cushions the impact of the grinding wheel (11) on the spindle (17) when the rotation speed changes.

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