A method for preparing plant soaked specimen

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing a plant soaked specimen. According to the hardness and softness of plant texture and the thickness of wax layer, specific penetrants in different ratios are added to a fixing solution for compound use, so that the fixing time at room temperature can be reduced and the fixing effect can be improved. During the fixing process, the specimen is put into a plastic bag, and after fixing, it is soaked in water to remove floating color and washed, so that the integrity of the specimen and the authenticity of the shape can be protected. Preservation solution is selected according to the hardness and softness of plant texture and the color of flowers and fruits, so that the hardness of the specimen can be maintained and the color retention time can be extended, so that the specimen can maintain bright color, strong three-dimensional sense and realistic shape for a long time. The preservation solution is more environmentally friendly and less harmful to human body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural scientific research and plant identification, and particularly relates to a method for preparing a plant soaked specimen. Background Art

[0002] When immersing plant specimens, the epidermal structure of the leaves is often destroyed by a weakly acidic environment, the magnesium ions in the chlorophyll molecules are separated, and the magnesium ions in the chlorophyll are replaced by copper ions to achieve the purpose of long-term color preservation. The epidermal cells of plant leaves are usually keratinized into a cuticle. The cuticle of most plant leaves often has a wax layer of different thicknesses. The thickness of the wax layer and the cuticle has an important influence on the color fixation process and color retention time of plant immersion specimens. At present, glacial acetic acid is often used to destroy the epidermal structure of the leaves in the process of making plant immersion specimens. However, for plant leaves with thick wax layers and cuticles, room temperature treatment takes a long time and plant corruption is prone to occur during the color fixation treatment; although heating can reduce the color fixation time, it is easy to cause leaf shedding and plant shape distortion. At present, formaldehyde, sulfurous acid, etc. are often used as preservation solutions in the color preservation process of plant immersion specimens, and other reagents are added. It has the disadvantages of poor color fixation effect, short color retention time, and high toxicity of preservation solution. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for preparing plant immersed specimens. According to the different hardness of plant texture and the thickness of wax layer, different ratios of specific penetrants are added to the fixing solution, and a more environmentally friendly preservation solution is used, which can reduce the fixing time at room temperature, improve the fixing effect, and reduce the harm of the preservation solution to the human body.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A method for preparing a plant soaked specimen comprises the following steps:

[0006] (1) Specimen collection and pruning: Collect the required specimen plants from nature. The specimens collected should be able to fully display the characteristics of the plants. After trimming the redundant parts, wash them and put them into plastic bags according to the plant species (the plastic bags should be of appropriate size and have leakage holes in the middle). They should also be classified according to the hardness of the texture and the thickness of the wax layer.

[0007] (2) Color fixation: Prepare color fixation solution in different proportions according to the hardness of the plant leaves and the thickness of the wax layer. Immerse the pruned and cleaned plants completely in the color fixation solution and fix the color at room temperature for 1-10 days until the green color turns yellow, then turns green, and finally returns to normal.

[0008] (3) Secondary shaping: Take out the fixed plant from the fixative, remove the outer plastic bag, soak it in water to remove the floating color, wash it, perform secondary trimming and shaping, and fix it on a glass strip with transparent thread to make a specimen plant;

[0009] (4) Color preservation: Select preservation solutions with different proportions according to the hardness of the plant texture and the color of the flowers and fruits. Pour the preservation solution into the specimen bottle and gently place the specimen into the specimen bottle. The preservation solution should cover the specimen.

[0010] (5) Sealing: Adjust the plant body in the specimen bottle again so that it is properly stretched and easy to see, cover it, dissolve the paraffin to seal it, and label it.

[0011] Furthermore, the color fixing solution is prepared by including the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of deionized water, 2.5 parts of copper acetate, 0.5-2 parts of water-soluble azone, and 0.5-5 parts of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether.

[0012] Furthermore, the preservation solution is divided into preservation solution A and preservation solution B, wherein the preservation solution A formula is: 2-methyl-4-isothiazoline-3-one (MI) ﹕ 2-methyl-5-chloro-4-isothiazoline-3-one (CMI) = 3﹕1 to prepare Kasson's reagent, dilute with water to 0.5‰, add 1‰ magnesium nitrate, 8‰ boric acid, 10‰ glycerol, and adjust the pH value to 4-7 with sulfurous acid. It is suitable for plants with red, yellow, white and other flowers and fruits.

[0013] Preservation solution B formula: 2-methyl-4-isothiazoline-3-one (MI) ﹕ 2-methyl-5-chloro-4-isothiazoline-3-one (CMI) = 3﹕1 to prepare Kasson's reagent, dilute with water to 0.5‰, add 0.2‰ sodium nitrite, 10‰ glycerol, and adjust the pH value to 7-9. Suitable for plants with blue and purple flowers and fruits.

[0014] The invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the hardness and thickness of the plant texture and the wax layer, different ratios of specific penetrants are added to the fixing solution for compound use, so as to increase the permeability of the plant wax layer, the cuticle and the epidermal cells, etc., to improve the exchange rate of magnesium ions and copper ions at room temperature, reduce the fixing time and improve the fixing effect; during the fixing process, the specimens are packed into plastic bags, soaked in water to remove the floating color and washed after fixing, so as to protect the integrity of the specimens and the authenticity of the shape; according to the hardness and softness of the plant texture and the color of the flowers and fruits, different ratios of preservation solutions are selected to maintain the hardness of the specimens and extend the color retention time, so that the specimens can maintain bright color, strong three-dimensional sense and realistic shape for a long time; the preservation solution is more environmentally friendly and less harmful to the human body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 Plant specimens prepared for Examples 1, 4 and 5 (left: Atractylodes macrocephala, middle: Chrysanthemum, right: Lilium).

[0016] Figure 2 Lemon plant specimens prepared for Example 2 and Comparative Example 2 (left: Example 2, right: Comparative Example 2).

[0017] Figure 3 Gardenia plant specimens prepared for Example 3 and Comparative Example 3 (left: Example 3, right: Comparative Example 3). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that the following embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention, and those skilled in the art in this field can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments based on the content of the above invention.

[0019] Example 1

[0020] The preparation method of the Atractylodes macrocephala plant soaked specimen of the present embodiment is as follows:

[0021] (1) Specimen collection and pruning: Collect specimens of Atractylodes macrocephala from nature. The specimens should be able to fully display the characteristics of the plant. After trimming the redundant parts, wash them and put them into a plastic bag (the plastic bag should be of appropriate size and have a leakage hole in the middle);

[0022] (2) Color fixation: After trimming and washing, completely immerse the Atractylodes macrocephala specimens in a color fixation solution (100 ml deionized water + 2.5 g copper acetate + 1.2 g water-soluble azone + 2.5 g fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether) and fix the color at room temperature for about 5 days to complete the process of changing from green to yellow and then back to green.

[0023] (3) Secondary shaping: Take out the fixed Atractylodes macrocephala plant from the fixing solution, remove the outer plastic bag, soak it in water to remove the floating color, wash it, perform secondary trimming and shaping, and fix it on a glass strip with transparent thread to make a specimen of Atractylodes macrocephala plant;

[0024] (4) Color preservation: Gently place the specimen of Atractylodes macrocephala (red flower) into a specimen bottle filled with preservation solution. The composition of the preservation solution is: prepare Kasson's reagent with a mass ratio of 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (MI) and 2-methyl-5-chloro-4-isothiazolin-3-one (CMI) = 3:1, dilute with water to a mass concentration of 0.5‰, add 1‰ magnesium nitrate, 8‰ boric acid, 10‰ glycerol, and adjust the pH value to about 5.0 with sulfurous acid;

[0025] (5) Sealing: After adjusting the shape of the plant body in the specimen bottle again, seal it with paraffin for preservation.

[0026] The Atractylodes macrocephala plant soaked specimen of the present embodiment was preserved for 3 years without obvious fading, the preservation solution was not contaminated, and the specimen was still bright in color and unchanged in morphology.

[0027] Example 2

[0028] The preparation method of the lemon plant soaked specimen of the present embodiment is as follows:

[0029] (1) Specimen collection and trimming: same as in Example 1;

[0030] (2) Color fixation: The pruned and cleaned lemon specimens (with a hard texture and thick wax layer) are completely immersed in a color fixation solution (100 ml of deionized water + 2.5 g of copper acetate + 2 g of water-soluble azone + 4.5 g of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether). The color is fixed at room temperature for about 5 days to complete the process of changing from green to yellow and then back to green.

[0031] (3) Secondary shaping: Take out the fixed lemon plant from the fixative solution, remove the outer plastic bag, soak it in water to remove the floating color, wash it, perform secondary trimming and shaping, and fix it on a glass strip with a transparent thread to make a lemon specimen plant;

[0032] (4) Color preservation: Gently place the lemon (yellow flower) specimen into a specimen bottle filled with preservation solution. The preservation solution is composed of Casson's reagent prepared with a mass ratio of 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (MI) and 2-methyl-5-chloro-4-isothiazolin-3-one (CMI) = 3:1, dilute with water to a mass concentration of 0.5‰, add 1‰ magnesium nitrate, 8‰ boric acid, 10‰ glycerol, and adjust the pH value to about 5.5 with sulfurous acid;

[0033] (5) Sealing: After adjusting the shape of the plant body in the specimen bottle again, seal it with paraffin for preservation.

[0034] The lemon plant soaked specimen of the present embodiment has not been obviously faded after being preserved for 3 years, the preservation solution is not contaminated, and the specimen is still bright in color and unchanged in shape.

[0035] Example 3

[0036] The preparation method of the Gardenia plant soaked specimen of the present embodiment is as follows:

[0037] (1) Specimen collection and trimming: same as in Example 1;

[0038] (2) Color fixation: The pruned and cleaned gardenia specimens (hard in texture and with a thick wax layer) are completely immersed in a color fixation solution (100 ml of deionized water + 2.5 g of copper acetate + 2 g of water-soluble azone + 4.5 g of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether) and fixed at room temperature for about 5 days to complete the process of changing from green to yellow and then back to green.

[0039] (3) Secondary shaping: Take out the fixed gardenia plant from the fixing solution, remove the outer plastic bag, soak it in water to remove the floating color, wash it, perform secondary trimming and shaping, and fix it on a glass strip with transparent thread to make a gardenia specimen plant;

[0040] (4) Color preservation: Gently place the specimen of Gardenia jasminoides (white flowers) into a specimen bottle filled with preservation solution. The composition of the preservation solution is: prepare Casson's reagent with a mass ratio of 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (MI) and 2-methyl-5-chloro-4-isothiazolin-3-one (CMI) = 3:1, dilute with water to a mass concentration of 0.5‰, add 1‰ magnesium nitrate, 8‰ boric acid, and 10‰ glycerol, and adjust the pH value to about 5.5 with sulfurous acid;

[0041] (5) Sealing: After adjusting the shape of the plant body in the specimen bottle again, seal it with paraffin for preservation.

[0042] The Gardenia plant soaked specimen of the present embodiment has not been obviously faded after being preserved for 3 years, the preservation solution is not contaminated, and the specimen is still bright in color and unchanged in shape.

[0043] Example 4

[0044] The preparation method of the chrysanthemum plant soaked specimen of the present embodiment is as follows:

[0045] (1) Specimen collection and trimming: same as in Example 1;

[0046] (2) Color fixation: Immerse the trimmed and cleaned chrysanthemum specimens completely in a color fixation solution (100 ml deionized water + 2.5 g copper acetate + 1.2 g water-soluble azone + 2.5 g fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether) and fix the color at room temperature for about 4 days to complete the process of changing from green to yellow and then back to green.

[0047] (3) Secondary shaping: Take out the fixed chrysanthemum plant from the fixing solution, remove the outer plastic bag, soak it in water to remove the floating color, wash it, perform secondary trimming and shaping, and fix it on a glass strip with transparent thread to make a chrysanthemum specimen plant;

[0048] (4) Color preservation: Gently place the chrysanthemum (yellow flower) specimen into a specimen bottle filled with preservation solution. The preservation solution is composed of Casson's reagent prepared with a mass ratio of 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (MI) and 2-methyl-5-chloro-4-isothiazolin-3-one (CMI) = 3:1, dilute with water to a mass concentration of 0.5‰, add 1‰ magnesium nitrate, 8‰ boric acid, and 10‰ glycerol, and adjust the pH value to about 5.5 with sulfurous acid;

[0049] (5) Sealing: After adjusting the shape of the plant body in the specimen bottle again, seal it with paraffin for preservation.

[0050] The chrysanthemum plant soaked specimen of the present embodiment has not been obviously faded after being preserved for 3 years, the preservation solution is not contaminated, and the specimen is still bright in color and unchanged in shape.

[0051] Example 5

[0052] The preparation method of the lily plant soaked specimen of the present embodiment is as follows:

[0053] (1) Specimen collection and trimming: same as in Example 1;

[0054] (2) Color fixation: After trimming and washing, completely immerse the trimmed and cleaned lily specimens in a color fixation solution (100 ml deionized water + 2.5 g copper acetate + 1.2 g water-soluble azone + 2.5 g fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether) and fix the color at room temperature for about 4 days to complete the process of changing from green to yellow and then back to green.

[0055] (3) Secondary shaping: Take out the fixed lily plant from the fixing solution, remove the outer plastic bag, soak it in water to remove the floating color, wash it, perform secondary trimming and shaping, and fix it on a glass strip with transparent thread to make a lily specimen plant;

[0056] (4) Color preservation: Gently place the lily (red flower) specimen into a specimen bottle filled with preservation solution. The preservation solution is composed of: 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (MI) ﹕ 2-methyl-5-chloro-4-isothiazolin-3-one (CMI) in a mass ratio of 3﹕1 to prepare Kasson's reagent, dilute with water to a mass concentration of 0.5‰, add 1‰ magnesium nitrate, 8‰ boric acid, 10‰ glycerol, and adjust the pH value to about 5.0 with sulfurous acid;

[0057] (5) Sealing: After adjusting the shape of the plant body in the specimen bottle again, seal it with paraffin for preservation.

[0058] The lily plant soaked specimen of this embodiment has not faded significantly after being stored for 3 years, the preservation solution is not contaminated, and the specimen is still bright in color and unchanged in shape.

[0059] Example 6

[0060] The preparation method of the morning glory plant soaked specimen of the present embodiment is as follows:

[0061] (1) Specimen collection and trimming: same as in Example 1;

[0062] (2) Fixation treatment: Immerse the pruned and cleaned morning glory specimens (soft in texture) completely in a fixation solution (100 ml deionized water + 2.5 g copper acetate + 1.2 g water-soluble azone + 2.5 g fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether) (protect the flowers to prevent them from being immersed in the fixation solution) and fix the color at room temperature for about 2 days to complete the process of changing from green to yellow and then back to green.

[0063] (3) Secondary shaping: Take out the fixed morning glory plant from the fixing solution, remove the outer plastic bag, soak it in water to remove the floating color, wash it, perform secondary trimming and shaping, and fix it on the glass strip with transparent thread to make a morning glory specimen plant;

[0064] (4) Color preservation: Gently place the morning glory (purple flower) specimen into a specimen bottle filled with preservation solution. The preservation solution is composed of 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (MI) and 2-methyl-5-chloro-4-isothiazolin-3-one (CMI) = 3:1 to prepare Kasson's reagent, dilute with water to a mass concentration of 0.5‰, add 0.2‰ sodium nitrite and 10‰ glycerol, and adjust the pH value to 8.5 with sodium hydroxide;

[0065] (5) Sealing: After adjusting the shape of the plant body in the specimen bottle again, seal it with paraffin for preservation.

[0066] The morning glory plant soaked specimen of the present embodiment has not been obviously faded after being preserved for 3 years, the preservation solution is not contaminated, and the specimen is still bright in color and has not collapsed or changed in shape.

[0067] Comparative Example 1

[0068] Immerse the trimmed and cleaned Atractylodes specimen completely in a conventional fixing solution (100ml water + 3.0g copper sulfate + 10ml glacial acetic acid), fix the color at natural temperature for about 11 days, and gradually complete the process from green to yellow and then back to green. Take out the fixed Atractylodes specimen from the fixing solution, remove the outer plastic bag, soak it in water to remove the floating color, wash it, trim it again and shape it, fix it on a glass strip with a transparent line to make a specimen plant body. Gently put the specimen into a specimen bottle filled with preservation solution (preservation solution formula: 100ml water + 6ml formaldehyde + 2.5ml sulfurous acid + 1ml glycerol + 1g magnesium chloride), adjust the shape of the plant body in the specimen bottle again, and seal it with paraffin for preservation. After the specimen is preserved for 3 years, the preservation solution becomes turbid and the flower color gradually fades.

[0069] Comparative Example 2

[0070] The pruned and washed lemon specimens were completely immersed in the fixing solution (100ml water + 2.5g copper acetate + 6.5g water-soluble azone) and fixed at room temperature for about 10 days. The color gradually changed from green to yellow, but it was not completely green again, and some colors were distorted. Take out the fixed lemon specimens from the fixing solution, remove the outer plastic bag, soak them in water to remove the floating color, wash them, do a second pruning and shaping, and fix them on the glass strip with transparent thread to make the specimen plant body. Gently place the lemon specimen in a specimen bottle filled with preservation solution (preservation solution formula: 2-methyl-4-isothiazoline-3-one (MI) ﹕ 2-methyl-5-chloro-4-isothiazoline-3-one (CMI) = 3﹕1, diluted with water to 0.5‰, add 1‰ magnesium nitrate, 8‰ boric acid, 10‰ glycerol, and adjust the pH value to 5.5 with sulfurous acid), and adjust the shape of the plant in the specimen bottle again, and seal it with paraffin for preservation. After the specimen was preserved for 3 years, the preservation solution became turbid and the specimen color darkened.

[0071] Comparative Example 3

[0072] The pruned and cleaned gardenia specimens were completely immersed in a conventional fixative solution (100 ml water + 2.5 g copper acetate + 6.5 g fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether) and fixed at room temperature for about 8 days. The green color gradually faded and the greening was incomplete. The fixed gardenia specimens were taken out of the fixative solution, the outer plastic bag was removed, and the specimens were soaked in water to remove the floating color, washed, pruned and shaped for the second time, and fixed on a glass strip with a transparent line to make a specimen plant body. The gardenia specimens were gently placed in a specimen bottle filled with preservation solution (preservation solution formula: 2-methyl-4-isothiazoline-3-one (MI) ﹕ 2-methyl-5-chloro-4-isothiazoline-3-one (CMI) = 3﹕1, diluted with water to 0.5‰, 1‰ magnesium nitrate, 8‰ boric acid, 10‰ glycerol, sulfurous acid adjusted to pH 5.5), and the plant body in the specimen bottle was shaped again, and then sealed with paraffin for preservation. After the specimen was stored for 3 years, the preservation solution became turbid and the color of the specimen became darker.

[0073] Comparative Example 4

[0074] Completely immerse the trimmed and washed Atractylodes macrocephala specimen in a color fixative (100ml water + 2.5g copper acetate + 1.2g water-soluble azone + 2.5g fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether), and fix the color at room temperature for about 5 days to complete the process of changing from green to yellow and then back to green. Take out the fixed Atractylodes macrocephala specimen from the fixative, remove the outer plastic bag, soak it in water to remove the floating color, wash it, trim it again and shape it, fix it on a glass strip with a transparent line to make a specimen plant body. Gently place the Atractylodes macrocephala specimen in a specimen bottle filled with preservation solution (preservation solution formula: 100ml water + 6ml formaldehyde + 2.5ml sulfurous acid + 1ml glycerol + 1g magnesium chloride), adjust the shape of the plant body in the specimen bottle again, and seal it with paraffin for preservation. When the specimen is stored for about 3 years, the flower color fades and the preservation solution is slightly turbid.

[0075] It can be seen that the effect of using the two penetrants (water-soluble azone and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether) in combination is better than the effect of using any one of them alone.

[0076] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for preparing plant soaked specimens, characterized in that The following steps are involved: (1) Specimen collection and pruning: Collect the required specimen plants from nature. The collected plants should be able to show the characteristics of the plants more completely. After pruning the redundant parts, wash them and put them into plastic bags with leakage holes according to the plant species. Then classify them according to the hardness of the texture and the thickness of the wax layer. (2) Color fixation: Prepare color fixation solution in different proportions according to the hardness of the plant leaves and the thickness of the wax layer. Immerse the trimmed and cleaned plants completely in the color fixation solution and fix the color at room temperature until the green color turns yellow, then turns green, and finally returns to normal. (3) Secondary shaping: Take out the fixed plant from the fixative solution, remove the outer plastic bag, soak it in water to remove the floating color, wash it, perform secondary trimming and shaping, and fix it on a glass strip with transparent thread to make a specimen plant; (4) Color preservation: Select preservation solutions of different proportions according to the hardness of the plant texture and the color of the flowers and fruits, inject the preservation solution into the specimen bottle, and gently place the specimen plant body prepared in step (3) into the specimen bottle, making sure that the preservation solution covers the specimen plant body; (5) Sealing: Re-adjust the specimen plant in the specimen bottle so that it is properly stretched and easy to see, cover it, dissolve the paraffin wax to seal it, and label it; The color fixing solution is prepared by the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts deionized water, 2.5 parts copper acetate, 0.5-2 parts water-soluble azone, and 0.5-5 parts fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether; The preservation solution is divided into preservation solution A or preservation solution B; The composition of preservation solution A is as follows: prepare Kasson's reagent with a mass ratio of 2-methyl-4-isothiazoline-3-one and 2-methyl-5-chloro-4-isothiazoline-3-one of 3:1, dilute with water to a mass concentration of 0.5‰, add 1‰ magnesium nitrate, 8‰ boric acid, 10‰ glycerol, and adjust the pH value to 4-7 with sulfurous acid. It is suitable for specimens of plants with red, yellow, and white flowers and fruits; Preservation solution B formula: Prepare Kasson's reagent with a mass ratio of 2-methyl-4-isothiazoline-3-one and 2-methyl-5-chloro-4-isothiazoline-3-one of 3:1, dilute with water to a mass concentration of 0.5‰, add 0.2‰ sodium nitrite and 10‰ glycerol, and adjust the pH value to 7-9 with sodium hydroxide. It is suitable for specimens of plants with blue and purple flowers and fruits.

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