A kind of oxygen-containing fuel oil for extremely cold regions and its preparation method

Abstract

This invention relates to an oxygenated fuel for extremely cold regions and its preparation method. The oxygenated fuel for extremely cold regions is composed of coal-derived component oil, petroleum-based hydrocracking diesel, ether compounds, anti-wear agents, and pour point depressants. This technical solution, through the design of the fuel component composition, utilizes the synergistic effects of petroleum-based hydrocracking diesel, ether compounds, coal-derived component oil, diesel pour point depressants, and anti-wear agents to develop an extremely cold-region fuel applicable to environments below -50°C. This invention exhibits stable low-temperature performance, good ignition performance, safe use, and stable storage, and has significant practical implications for applications in extreme low-temperature environments and special fields in northern my country.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of petrochemical industry and relates to the technical field of special fuel oil, and specifically relates to an oxygen-containing fuel oil for extremely cold regions and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The average temperature in the coldest month in my country's Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang, Tibet and other northwestern regions is between -25℃ and -40℃, and the lowest temperature even reaches -53℃. As the temperature drops in winter and cold regions, the high molecular substances in diesel will precipitate in the form of paraffin crystals. Wax crystals will clog the filter, hinder oil supply, and seriously affect the normal operation of equipment in the industrial, agricultural and transportation fields. At present, the existing -50# diesel can no longer meet the working activities of diesel-powered equipment in extremely cold areas, and it is necessary to develop high and low temperature adaptable fuels. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an oxygen-containing fuel for extremely cold regions and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problem that conventional high-grade diesel cannot fully meet the requirements of diesel engine-powered equipment working in extremely cold regions.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this application is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0005] An oxygen-containing fuel for extremely cold regions, comprising the following components by volume percentage:

[0006]

[0007] Furthermore, the cetane number of oxygenated fuel in extremely cold regions is ≥52, the distillation range is 162-295℃; the cold filter point is ≤-51℃, the flash point is ≥55℃, and the density is ≥0.840g / cm 3 .

[0008] Furthermore, the coal-based component oil is obtained through a coal direct liquefaction process.

[0009] Furthermore, the coal-based component oil has a distillation range of 170-270°C, a freezing point ≤-60, a cold filter point ≤-46, a kinematic viscosity ≥2.2mm2 / s, a flash point ≥60°C, a density ≥0.840g / cm3, monocycloalkanes ≥35%, and dicycloalkanes ≥25%.

[0010] Furthermore, the distillation range of the petroleum-based hydrocracking diesel is 160-255°C, the freezing point is ≤-60°C, the cold filter point is ≤-46°C, the kinematic viscosity is ≥1.7mm2 / s, and the flash point is ≥50°C.

[0011] Furthermore, petroleum-based hydrocracking diesel uses regular straight-run oil as raw material, and its distillation range is 120-320°C; the production process controls the feed amount and is produced through a combination of hydrorefining, modification and cracking technology, wherein the catalyst used in the cracking reaction process is FC-32 or FF-26.

[0012] Furthermore, the ether compound is one or both of diethylene glycol dimethyl ether and polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether.

[0013] Furthermore, the degree of polymerization of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether is 3-5, wherein the mass ratio of the degree of polymerization 3, the degree of polymerization 4 and the degree of polymerization 5 is 25%:55%:20%.

[0014] Furthermore, the antiwear agent is butanediol oleate; and the pour point depressant is WD12-101 diesel pour point depressant.

[0015] The method for preparing any of the above-mentioned oxygenated fuels for extremely cold regions comprises the following steps:

[0016] 1) Petroleum-based hydrocracking diesel, coal-based component oil and ether compounds are sequentially pumped into a blending tank;

[0017] 2) Add diesel pour point depressant and anti-wear agent;

[0018] 3) Start the circulation and mix thoroughly to obtain oxygenated fuel for extremely cold regions.

[0019] Compared with conventional diesel, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The present invention designs the composition of fuel components and utilizes the synergistic effect of petroleum-based hydrocracking diesel, ether compounds, coal-based component oil, diesel pour point depressant and anti-wear agent to develop a fuel that can be used in extremely cold regions below -50°C. The fuel has stable low-temperature performance, good ignition performance, safe use and stable storage, and has great practical significance for applications in extreme low-temperature environments and special fields in northern my country. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below through examples. The following examples are merely exemplary and can only be used to explain and illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but cannot be construed as limiting the technical solution of the present invention.

[0022] The present application provides an oxygen-containing fuel for extremely cold regions, which is composed of the following components, measured by volume percentage: 50-65% of coal-based component oil, 15-25% of petroleum-based hydrocracking diesel, 10%-25% of ether compounds, 0.02-0.03% of anti-wear agent, and 0.03-0.08% of pour point depressant.

[0023] Wherein, the ether compound is one or two of diethylene glycol dimethyl ether and polymethoxy dimethyl ether, and more preferably, the degree of polymerization of polymethoxy dimethyl ether is 3-5, wherein the mass ratio DMM(3):DMM(4):DMM(5)=25%:55%:20%. Both diethylene glycol dimethyl ether and polymethoxy dimethyl ether are high oxygen-containing and high cetane number substances, which improve the ignition property of the engine, shorten the ignition delay period, and help the engine start process. At the same time, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether has the characteristics of high flash point, low cold filter point, and miscible with diesel components at low temperature in any proportion compared to other oxygen-containing fuels, such as ethanol, methanol, dimethyl ether, etc. DMM(3-5) has the characteristics of high oxygen content and low activation energy compared to diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, but the cold filter point is relatively high. In order to reduce the activation energy of the fuel, it can be used in an appropriate proportion. The cold filter point of DMM (3-5) is about -30℃, compared with the cold filter point of DMM (3-10) of about -17℃, so it can be used in environments with temperatures below -35℃.

[0024] The volume content of the ether compound is 10%-25%, specifically 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%, 21%, 22%, 23%, 24%, 25%. In the present invention, the ether compound is a high oxygen content, high cetane number substance, which can improve the ignition performance of the engine and shorten the ignition delay period.

[0025] Among them, the distillation range of petroleum-based hydrocracking diesel is 160-255°C, the freezing point is ≤-60°C, the cold filter point is ≤-46°C, the kinematic viscosity is ≥1.7mm2 / s, and the flash point is ≥50°C. The volume content of petroleum-based hydrocracking diesel is 15-25%, specifically 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%, 21%, 22%, 23%, 24%, 25%. Petroleum-based hydrocracking diesel is a low freezing component. Adding this component can improve the low-temperature performance of diesel and reduce the autoignition point of the fuel.

[0026] In this technical solution, petroleum-based hydrocracking diesel is made from straight-run oil with a distillation range of 120-320°C. 15 The total amount of the following alkanes is 20%-23% of the normal first-line straight-run oil; the production process controls the material volume of 46t / h, and is produced through a combination of hydrofining, reforming and cracking technology, in which the catalysts used in the cracking reaction process are FC-32 and FF-26. The reforming and cracking processes are both conventional technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0027] In the technical scheme, the coal-based component oil is obtained by the direct coal liquefaction process. The distillation range of the coal-based component oil is 170-270°C, the solidification point is ≤-60, the cold filter point is ≤-46, the kinematic viscosity is ≥2.2mm2 / s, the flash point is ≥60°C, the density is ≥0.840g / cm3, the monocycloalkane is ≥35% (m / m), and the dicycloalkane is ≥25% (m / m). The coal-based component oil is a high-cycloalkane component with the characteristics of low cold filter point, high density and high flash point. The use of this component can improve the low-temperature performance, safety and fuel economy of the fuel. The coal-based component oil is 50-65%, specifically 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%.

[0028] In another embodiment, the pour point depressant is WD12-101. The pour point depressant volume content is 0.03-0.08%, specifically 0.03%, 0.04%, 0.05%, 0.06%, 0.07%, 0.08%, and the pour point depressant also has a good pour point depressing effect on fuel components with good low temperature performance.

[0029] In another embodiment, the anti-wear agent is butylene glycol glyceride. The volume content of the anti-wear agent is 0.02-0.03%, specifically 0.02%, 0.025%, 0.03%. The freezing point of the anti-wear agent is not higher than -35°C, which is convenient for filling and application in extremely cold areas. The freezing point of conventional oleic acid glyceride is mostly concentrated at -15°C, and it cannot be used in this environment.

[0030] An oxygen-containing fuel for extremely cold regions and a preparation method thereof, wherein the specific steps are as follows:

[0031] (1) Petroleum-based hydrocracking diesel, coal-based component oil and ether compounds are sequentially pumped into a blending tank;

[0032] (2) Add diesel pour point depressant and anti-wear agent;

[0033] (3) Start the circulation and mix thoroughly to obtain an oxygen-containing fuel for extremely cold regions.

[0034] The oxygen-containing fuel for extremely cold regions prepared by the present invention has a cetane number of ≥52, a distillation range of 162-295°C, a cold filter point ≤-51°C, a flash point ≥55°C, and a density ≥0.840g / cm3. The present invention can be applied to extremely cold regions in my country with a temperature below -51°C by optimizing the components of the oil product formula. The fuel can be applied to extremely cold regions in my country with a temperature below -51°C, has stable low-temperature performance, sufficient engine fuel supply, good ignition performance, and is easy to start; has a high flash point, and is safe and stable in application and storage.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] An oxygenated fuel for extremely cold regions:

[0037] In the blending tank, 250L of petroleum-based hydrocracking diesel, 650L of coal-based component oil, 100L of ether compound (diethylene glycol dimethyl ether), 250mL of anti-wear agent (butylene glycol glyceride), and 500mL of pour point depressant (WD12-101) were added in sequence; the circulation was started and mixed thoroughly to obtain oxygenated fuel for extremely cold regions. The diesel cetane number was measured to be 52.2, the cold filter point was -55°C, the initial distillation point was 165.4°C, the 50% distillation temperature was 224°C, the 95% distillation temperature was 260°C, the flash point was 58.4°C, and the density was 0.847g / cm 3 .

[0038] Example 2

[0039] An oxygenated fuel for extremely cold regions:

[0040] In the blending tank, 250L of petroleum-based hydrocracking diesel, 600L of coal-based component oil, 150L of ether compound (diethylene glycol dimethyl ether), 250mL of anti-wear agent (butylene glycol glyceride), and 500mL of pour point depressant (WD12-101) were added in sequence; the circulation was started and mixed thoroughly to obtain oxygenated fuel for extremely cold regions. The diesel cetane number was measured to be 54.4, the cold filter point was -57°C, the initial distillation point was 164.6°C, the 50% distillation temperature was 222°C, the 95% distillation temperature was 258°C, the flash point was 56.6°C, and the density was 0.851g / cm 3 .

[0041] Example 3

[0042] An oxygenated fuel for extremely cold regions:

[0043] In the blending tank, 200L of petroleum-based hydrocracking diesel, 550L of coal-based component oil, 250L of ether compound (diethylene glycol dimethyl ether), 200mL of anti-wear agent (butylene glycol glyceride), and 300mL of pour point depressant (WD12-101) were added in sequence; the circulation was started and mixed thoroughly to obtain oxygenated fuel for extremely cold regions. The diesel cetane number was measured to be 57.2, the cold filter point was -58°C, the initial distillation point was 162.4°C, the 50% distillation temperature was 218.6°C, the 95% distillation temperature was 256.4°C, the flash point was 55.2°C, and the density was 0.864g / cm 3 .

[0044] Example 4

[0045] An oxygenated fuel for extremely cold regions:

[0046] Into the blending tank, 250L of petroleum-based hydrocracking diesel, 600L of coal-based component oil, 150L of ether compounds (100L of diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, 50L of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether (3-5)), 250mL of anti-wear agent (butylene glycol glyceride), 800mL of pour point depressant (WD12-101) were added in turn; the circulation was started and fully mixed to obtain oxygenated fuel for extremely cold regions. The diesel cetane number was measured to be 54.1, the cold filter point was -56°C, the initial distillation point was 166.4°C, the 50% distillation temperature was 226°C, the 95% distillation temperature was 265°C, the flash point was 59.6°C, and the density was 0.856g / cm 3 .

[0047] In order to better determine the starting performance of the fuel, a fuel ignition delay test was carried out based on the rapid compressor platform. The results are shown in the following table.

[0048] Table 1 Ignition delay time of different fuels

[0049] Ignition delay time / ms Cold filter point / ℃ Commercially available -50# diesel 4.012 -46 Example 1 Diesel 2.85 -55 Example 2 Diesel 1.86 -57 Example 3 Diesel 0.867 -58 Example 4 Diesel 2.03 -56

[0050] Through the above experimental performance test data, it can be clearly seen that the ignition delay time of the engine of the fuel prepared by the present invention is significantly shorter than that of the -50# diesel on the market, and the cold filter point is also about 10°C lower than that of the -50# diesel. This shows that the fuel of the present invention has better low-temperature performance than -50# diesel, can be used in environments below -50°C, and can ignite quickly, which has great practical significance for the application of diesel power equipment in extreme low-temperature environments and special fields in the northern part of my country.

[0051] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An oxygenated fuel for extremely cold regions, characterized in that: In terms of volume percentage, it is composed of the following components: Coal-based component oil 50%-65%; Petroleum-based hydrocracking diesel 15%-25%; Ether compounds 10%-25%; Antiwear agent 0.02%-0.03%; Pour point depressant 0.03%-0.08%; The coal-based component oil is obtained through a coal direct liquefaction process; The coal-based component oil has a distillation range of 170-270°C, a freezing point ≤-60, a cold filter point ≤-46, a kinematic viscosity ≥2.2 mm2 / s, a flash point ≥60°C, a density ≥0.840 g / cm3, a monocycloalkane ≥35% m / m, and a dicycloalkane ≥25% m / m; The distillation range of petroleum-based hydrocracking diesel is 160-255°C, the condensation point is ≤-60°C, the cold filter point is ≤-46°C, the kinematic viscosity is ≥1.7mm2 / s, and the flash point is ≥50°C; The cetane number of oxygenated fuel in extremely cold regions is ≥54.4, the distillation range is 162-295℃; the cold filter point is ≤-57℃, the flash point is ≥55℃, and the density is ≥0.840g / cm3; The ether compound is one or both of diethylene glycol dimethyl ether and polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether.

2. The oxygen-containing fuel for extremely cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: Petroleum-based hydrocracking diesel uses regular straight-run oil as raw material, and its distillation range is 120-320℃. The production process controls the feed amount and is produced through a combination of hydrorefining, modification and cracking technology. The catalyst used in the cracking reaction process is FC-32 or FF-26.

3. The oxygen-containing fuel for extremely cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The degree of polymerization of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether is 3-5, wherein the mass ratio of the degree of polymerization 3, the degree of polymerization 4 and the degree of polymerization 5 is 25%:55%:20%.

4. The oxygen-containing fuel for extremely cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-wear agent is butanediol oleate; the pour point depressant is WD12-101 diesel pour point depressant.

5. The method for preparing oxygenated fuel oil for extremely cold regions according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) Petroleum-based hydrocracking diesel, coal-based component oil and ether compounds are sequentially pumped into the blending tank; 2) Add diesel pour point depressant and anti-wear agent; 3) Start the circulation and mix thoroughly to obtain oxygenated fuel for extremely cold regions.

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