crane

Abstract

The crane comprises a vehicle body, a slewing ring and an arm frame, the slewing ring is rotatably mounted on the vehicle frame about a vertical axis, and one end of the arm frame is connected to the slewing ring; and a lateral wind-resistant device, which comprises two wind-resistant parts arranged on the left and right sides of the arm frame, each wind-resistant part comprises a first cable and an adjusting device, one end of the first cable is connected to the arm frame, and the adjusting device is configured to adjust the included angle between the first cable and the arm frame. The crane provided by the present disclosure can adapt to the operation requirements in harsh environments with strong wind and gale.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of construction machinery, and in particular to a crane. Background Technology

[0002] my country has abundant wind energy resources, and in recent years a wave of wind turbine construction has emerged in the country, with the number of wind turbines increasing and wind farms extending from the Central China Plain to the western mountainous areas.

[0003] Wind turbines mainly consist of three parts: the tower, the nacelle, and the blades. Each component is characterized by its height, size, and weight. Currently, wind turbine assembly is primarily accomplished using large-tonnage crawler cranes.

[0004] The assembly of the nacelle and blades is a major challenge in wind turbine assembly and construction. Tracked cranes are needed to lift the nacelle, weighing hundreds of tons, to a height of hundreds of meters before installing it onto the tower. Tracked cranes are generally required to operate in calm or light wind conditions to ensure construction safety. Lifting in strong winds to improve efficiency can easily cause the entire turbine to tip over, resulting in significant economic losses. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this disclosure is to provide a crane that can adapt to the operational needs of harsh environments with strong winds.

[0006] This disclosure provides a crane, comprising:

[0007] The vehicle body includes a frame, a turntable, and a boom, wherein the turntable is rotatably mounted on the frame about a vertical axis, and one end of the boom is connected to the turntable; and

[0008] The lateral wind-resistant device includes two wind-resistant sections disposed on the left and right sides of the boom. Each wind-resistant section includes a first cable and an adjustment device. One end of the first cable is connected to the boom, and the adjustment device is configured to adjust the angle between the first cable and the boom.

[0009] According to some embodiments of this disclosure, a first end of the first cable is connected to the boom, and an adjustment device is driven to a second end of the first cable. The adjustment device is configured to drive the second end of the first cable to move closer to or further away from the boom in the left-right direction of the boom, so as to adjust the angle between the first cable and the boom.

[0010] According to some embodiments of this disclosure, the adjustment device includes a telescopic drive device, a first end of the telescopic drive device in the length direction is hinged to the boom, a second end of the telescopic drive device in the length direction is connected to the first cable, and the telescopic drive device is telescopically oriented along its own length direction.

[0011] According to some embodiments of this disclosure, the telescopic drive device includes a bracket and a hydraulic cylinder, with a first end of the hydraulic cylinder hinged to the boom, and the two ends of the bracket along its length connected to a second end of the hydraulic cylinder and a second end of the first cable, respectively.

[0012] According to some embodiments of this disclosure

[0013] Each of the aforementioned wind-resistant sections includes a second cable;

[0014] The adjusting device includes a first pulley, which is mounted on the adjusting device. A second cable is wound around the first pulley, and both ends are connected to the turntable.

[0015] According to some embodiments of this disclosure, each of the wind-resistant sections includes at least two first cables arranged side by side.

[0016] According to some embodiments of this disclosure, the vehicle body includes a hook suspended from the boom, and the crane includes a hook swing limiting device configured to limit the swing of the hook relative to the boom.

[0017] According to some embodiments of this disclosure, the hook swing limiting device includes:

[0018] Guide components, mounted on the boom; and

[0019] The third cable is movably connected to the guide member along the length of the boom, and the hook swing limiting device is configured to apply a restraining force to the hook via the third cable to limit the swing of the hook relative to the boom.

[0020] According to some embodiments of this disclosure, the hook swing limiting device includes:

[0021] The second pulley is mounted on the hook; and

[0022] The counterweight, the third cable is wound around the second pulley, the third cable passes through the guide member and its two ends pass over the two second pulleys respectively and are connected to the counterweight, the counterweight is configured to tension the third cable to apply a restraining force to the hook.

[0023] According to some embodiments of this disclosure, the guide component is the hoisting wire rope of the crane, the hoisting wire rope is configured to drive the hook to rise or fall, and the third cable passes through the gap between the hoisting wire rope and the boom and is movably attached to the hoisting wire rope.

[0024] According to some embodiments of this disclosure, the crane further includes a wind force measurement device, which includes a wind direction sensor and / or a wind speed sensor. The wind direction sensor is configured to acquire wind direction information of the boom, and the wind speed sensor is configured to acquire wind speed information of the boom.

[0025] According to some embodiments of this disclosure

[0026] The wind direction sensor is set at the wind direction measurement point at the top of the boom and is configured to acquire the wind direction at the wind direction measurement point as the wind direction information;

[0027] The wind speed sensor is set at the wind speed measurement point on the boom and is configured to acquire the wind speed at the wind speed measurement point as the wind speed information. Multiple wind speed sensors are distributed along the length direction of the boom.

[0028] The crane also includes a controller, which is signal-connected to the wind direction sensor and multiple wind speed sensors. The controller is configured to obtain the wind load borne by the boom based on the wind direction at the wind direction measurement point and the wind speed at the multiple wind speed measurement points, and to obtain corresponding lifting performance parameters based on the wind load. The lifting performance parameters include at least one of the following: boom length, radius, and rated lifting capacity of the crane.

[0029] According to some embodiments of this disclosure, the controller is configured to obtain the wind load based on the following relationship:

[0030] F X =A1KV 2 X1 C f +A2KV 2 X2 C f + …… +A i KV 2 Xi C f + …… +A n KV 2 Xn C f ;

[0031] F Y =A1KV 2 Y1 C f +A2KV 2 Y2 C f + …… +A i KV 2 Yi Cf + …… +A n KV 2 Yn C f ;

[0032] Among them, A i A represents the effective windward area of ​​the boom between the (i-1)th wind speed measurement point and the ith wind speed measurement point. When i=1, A i The effective windward area of ​​the boom between the bottom of the boom and the first wind speed measurement point, K is a parameter related to the air density of the crane's operating environment, and C... f The wind force coefficient at the wind direction measurement point along the boom represents the wind force coefficient, θ represents the angle between the wind direction at the wind direction measurement point and the horizontal direction, n represents the number of wind speed measurement points, and V i V represents the wind speed at the i-th wind speed measurement point. Xi =V i cosθ, V Yi =V i sinθ, F X F represents the component of the wind load in the longitudinal direction of the crane. Y This indicates the component of the wind load in the left-right direction of the crane.

[0033] According to some embodiments of this disclosure, an early warning device is also included. The controller is signal-connected to the early warning device and configured to: if the wind speed at any of the wind speed measurement points is greater than a preset value, cause the early warning device to issue a wind speed alarm message and / or a safety operation prompt message to remind the crane operator to adjust the attitude of the boom.

[0034] According to some embodiments of this disclosure, the controller is configured to: in response to the wind speed alarm information, determine the safe operating area of ​​the boom based on the wind direction information and the wind speed information, wherein within the safe operating area, the wind load is less than the limit value, and outside the safe operating area, the wind load is greater than or equal to the limit value.

[0035] According to some embodiments of this disclosure, the controller is signal-connected to the turntable and configured to: if the attitude of the boom does not change within a specified time after the safety operation prompt information is issued, cause the turntable to drive the boom to rotate so that the boom is within the safe operating area.

[0036] For the crane provided in this disclosure, when the boom is subjected to lateral wind loads from both sides, the angle between the corresponding first cable and the boom can be adjusted by the adjustment devices of the two wind-resistant parts. This allows the boom to be subjected to the force of the first cable, which has a component along the left and right directions of the boom, thus counteracting the lateral wind load. Therefore, by setting up lateral wind-resistant devices, the lateral stability of the crane's boom in windy conditions can be improved, enhancing the crane's overall ability to resist lateral wind loads. This facilitates the crane's adaptation to the operational needs of harsh windy environments and reduces construction risks.

[0037] Other features and advantages of this disclosure will become clear from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0038] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this disclosure and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of this disclosure and are used to explain this disclosure, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this disclosure. In the drawings:

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a crane according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0040] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a front view of the crane.

[0041] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the wind-resistant section of the crane in its deployed state.

[0042] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the wind-resistant section of the crane in its retracted state.

[0043] Figure 5 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a partially enlarged structural schematic of the lateral wind-resistant device of the crane.

[0044] Figure 6 for Figure 5 The diagram shows the structure of the lateral wind-resistant device from another perspective.

[0045] Figure 7 for Figure 5 The diagram shows the structural schematic of the traction device of the lateral wind-resistant device.

[0046] Figure 8 for Figure 7 The diagram shows the structure of the traction device from another perspective.

[0047] Figure 9This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a crane hook swing limiting device according to some embodiments of this disclosure.

[0048] Figure 10 for Figure 9 The diagram shows the structure of the third cable and counterweight of the hook swing limiting device.

[0049] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of wind direction sensors and wind power sensors of a crane according to some embodiments of this disclosure.

[0050] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of wind loads borne by a crane according to some embodiments of this disclosure.

[0051] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a crane lifting performance calculation module according to some embodiments of this disclosure.

[0052] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a crane safety protection module according to some embodiments of this disclosure.

[0053] Figures 1 to 12 In the figures, the labels represent:

[0054] 1. Vehicle body; 11. Frame; 12. Turntable; 121. Turntable body; 122. Slewing drive device; 13. Boom; 14. Hook; 15. Counterweight; 16. Tracked walking mechanism; 171. Luffing mechanism; 172. Luffing mast; 173. Luffing cable; 181. Hoisting winch mechanism; 182. Hoisting wire rope; 19. Operator's cab; 2. Wind force measuring device; 21. Wind direction sensor; 22. Wind speed sensor; 3. Lateral wind resistance device; 31. First cable; 32. Adjustment device; 321. First pulley assembly; 3211. First pulley; 3212. Rotating shaft; 322. Telescopic drive device; 3221. Support; 3222. Hydraulic cylinder; 33. Second cable; 4. Controller; 5. Hook swing limiting device; 51. Third cable; 52. Counterweight; 53. Second pulley. Detailed Implementation

[0055] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this disclosure, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit this disclosure or its application or use. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this disclosure without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0056] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this disclosure. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0057] In the description of this disclosure, it should be understood that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0058] In the description of this disclosure, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and is only for the convenience of describing this disclosure and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this disclosure; the directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0059] refer to Figures 1 to 12 Some embodiments of this disclosure provide a crane, including a chassis 1 and a lateral wind-resistant device 3. The chassis 1 includes a frame 11, a turntable 12, and a boom 13. The turntable 12 is rotatably mounted on the frame 11 about a vertical axis, and one end of the boom 13 is connected to the turntable 12. The lateral wind-resistant device 3 includes two wind-resistant sections disposed on the left and right sides of the boom 13. Each wind-resistant section includes a first cable 31 and an adjusting device 32. One end of the first cable 31 is connected to the boom 13, and the adjusting device 32 is configured to adjust the angle between the first cable 31 and the boom 13.

[0060] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2Optionally, the crane includes a hook 14, a counterweight 15, a crawler-mounted traveling mechanism 16, a luffing mechanism 171, a luffing mast 172, a luffing cable 173, a hoisting winch mechanism 181, a hoisting wire rope 182, and an operator's cab 19. The crawler-mounted traveling mechanism 16 is used to enable the entire machine to move. The luffing mechanism 171 enables the luffing mast 172 to change its luffing position, thereby driving the boom 13 to change its luffing position via the luffing cable 173. The hoisting winch mechanism 181 is mounted on the boom 13 and drives the hook 14 via the hoisting wire rope 182, thereby lifting the hook 14.

[0061] For the crane provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, when the boom is subjected to lateral wind loads from the left and right sides, the angle between the corresponding first cable and the boom can be adjusted by the adjustment devices of the two wind-resistant parts, so that the boom is subjected to the force of the first cable. This force has a component along the left and right direction of the boom, which can counteract the lateral wind load. Therefore, by setting up a lateral wind-resistant device, the lateral stability of the crane boom in windy conditions can be improved, the overall ability of the crane to resist lateral wind loads can be enhanced, and the crane can adapt to the operational needs of harsh windy environments, reducing construction risks.

[0062] In some embodiments, reference Figures 2 to 8 The first end of the first cable 31 is connected to the boom 13, and the adjustment device 32 is driven to the second end of the first cable 31. The adjustment device 32 is configured to drive the second end of the first cable 31 to move closer to or further away from the boom 13 in the left-right direction of the boom 13, so as to adjust the angle between the first cable 31 and the boom 13.

[0063] refer to Figure 3 In strong winds, the adjusting device 32 can move the second end of the first cable 31 away from the boom 13 in the left-right direction, increasing the angle between the first cable 31 and the boom 13. This stretches and tensions the first cable 31, thus resisting lateral wind loads, and the corresponding wind-resistant section is in the deployed state. (Reference) Figure 4 In calm or light wind conditions, the adjusting device 32 can move the second end of the first cable 31 closer to the boom 13 along the left-right direction, reducing the angle between the first cable 31 and the boom 13. This retracts the corresponding wind-resistant section, thereby reducing the space required for crane slewing. Considering that the adjusting device 32 itself is also subject to wind loads, to improve the structural stability of the lateral wind-resistant device 3, the adjusting device 32 can also be rod-shaped overall.

[0064] In some embodiments, reference Figures 2 to 8 The adjustment device 32 includes a telescopic drive device 322. The first end of the telescopic drive device 322 in the length direction is hinged to the boom 13, and the second end of the telescopic drive device 322 in the length direction is connected to the first cable 31. The telescopic drive device 322 is telescopically oriented along its own length direction.

[0065] Based on the connection method of the above embodiment, when the telescopic drive device 322 extends or shortens, the telescopic drive device 322 can rotate around its own length direction, and the second end of the first cable 31 can move closer to or away from the boom 13 in the left and right directions along the boom 13 as the telescopic drive device 322 extends or shortens, so that the wind-resistant part is in an extended or retracted state.

[0066] In some embodiments, reference Figures 6 to 8 The telescopic drive device 322 includes a bracket 3221 and a hydraulic cylinder 3222. The first end of the hydraulic cylinder 3222 is hinged to the boom 13, and the two ends of the bracket 3221 in the length direction are respectively connected to the second end of the hydraulic cylinder 3222 and the second end of the first cable 31.

[0067] In some embodiments not shown, the support may also include a first support and a second support movably mounted on the first support, with one end of the first support connected to the second end of the first cable and one end of the second support hinged to the boom. The two ends of the hydraulic cylinder are connected to the first and second supports, respectively.

[0068] In some embodiments, reference Figures 2 to 6 Each wind-resistant section includes a second cable 33. The adjusting device 32 includes a first pulley 3211, which is mounted on the adjusting device 32. The second cable 33 is wound around the first pulley 3211 and both ends are connected to the turntable 12.

[0069] Optionally, the adjusting device 32 includes a first pulley assembly 321, which includes a first pulley 3211 and a rotating shaft 3212. The first pulley 3211 is rotatably mounted on the rotating shaft 3212. The two ends of the second cable 33 can be connected to the turntable 12 via pins.

[0070] When the wind-resistant part is in the deployed state, the second cable 33 and the adjusting device 32 can form a triangular structure. The second cable 33 can play a supporting role, which helps to maintain the stability of the end of the adjusting device 32 connected to the first cable 31. By using the method of the second cable 33 being wound around the first pulley 3211, the adjusting device 32 can maintain a certain degree of flexibility, and the first cable 31 can be reliably stretched and tensioned.

[0071] In some embodiments, each wind-resistant section includes at least two first cables 31 arranged side by side.

[0072] For example, refer to Figure 6 The two first cables 31 can be arranged side by side along the front-rear direction of the boom 13. Multiple first cables 31 can be used simultaneously to counteract lateral wind loads, which helps to further enhance the boom's ability to resist lateral wind loads.

[0073] In windy conditions, the crane hook may also swing due to wind load, posing a safety hazard to hoisting operations.

[0074] To improve the above-mentioned problems, in some embodiments, the vehicle body 1 includes a hook 14 suspended on the boom 13, and the crane includes a hook swing limiting device 5 configured to limit the swing of the hook 14 relative to the boom 13.

[0075] In some embodiments, reference Figure 9 and Figure 10 The hook swing limiting device 5 includes a guide member and a third cable 51. The guide member is mounted on the boom 13. The third cable 51 is movably connected to the guide member along the length of the boom 13. The hook swing limiting device 5 is configured to apply a restraining force to the hook 14 via the third cable 51 to limit the swing of the hook 14 relative to the boom 13.

[0076] The guide component can be directly mounted on the boom 13 or indirectly mounted on the boom 13 through other components, as long as it can enable the third cable 51 to move up and down with the lifting of the hook 14 and provide the third cable 51 with a constraint that can make it tensioned in the horizontal direction or close to the horizontal direction.

[0077] If the hook 14 and the object hoisted on it sway under wind force or have a tendency to sway, the third cable 51 can apply a restraining force to the hook 14 to limit its sway. Furthermore, the third cable 51 is movably connected to the guide component along the length of the boom 13, allowing it to move up and down with the lifting and lowering of the hook 14. Therefore, during the hoisting operation, the third cable 51 always provides restraint to the hook 14, reducing safety hazards. Moreover, the above-described hook sway limiting device has a simple structure and high reliability.

[0078] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 Embodiments of this disclosure also provide a crane, including a body 1 and a hook swing limiting device 5. The body 1 includes a frame 11, a turntable 12, a boom 13, and a hook 14. The turntable 12 is rotatably mounted on the frame 11 about a vertical axis. One end of the boom 13 is connected to the turntable 12, and the hook 14 is suspended from the boom 13. The hook swing limiting device 5 is configured to limit the swing of the hook 14 relative to the boom 13. The hook swing limiting device 5 includes a guide member and a third cable 51. The guide member is mounted on the boom 13. The third cable 51 is movably connected to the guide member along the length of the boom 13 and connected to the hook 14. The hook swing limiting device 5 is configured to limit the swing of the hook 14 relative to the boom 13 by the tension applied to the hook 14 by the third cable 51.

[0079] The cranes equipped with hook swing limiting devices described above have the advantages of the aforementioned hook swing limiting devices.

[0080] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 The hook limiting device 5 includes a second pulley 53 and a counterweight 52. The second pulley 53 is mounted on the hook 14. A third cable 51 is wound around the second pulley 53, passes through a guide member, and its two ends pass over the two second pulleys 53 respectively to connect with the counterweight 52. The counterweight 52 is configured to tension the third cable 51 to apply a restraining force to the hook 14.

[0081] In the above embodiment, the third cable 51 is constrained between the guide component and the counterweight 52. Based on the constraint of the guide component and the gravity of the counterweight 52, the third cable 51 can provide the constraint force required to restrict the swing of the hook 14. The second pulley 53 can change the direction of the third cable 51, converting the gravity in the vertical direction into the tension in the horizontal direction, thereby satisfying the requirement to restrict the left and right swing of the hook 14.

[0082] In some embodiments, reference Figure 9 and Figure 10 The guiding component is the hoisting wire rope 182 of the crane, which is configured to drive the hook 14 to rise or fall. The third cable 51 passes through the gap between the hoisting wire rope 182 and the boom and is movably attached to the hoisting wire rope 182.

[0083] The hoisting wire rope 182 is connected to the hoisting winch mechanism 181 via a movable pulley block installed on the hook 14 and a fixed pulley block installed on the boom 13. The hoisting winch mechanism 181 drives the hook 14 to rise or fall by driving the hoisting wire rope 182. During this process, the hoisting wire rope 182 can be kept taut, which supports and guides the third cable 51 attached to it. The attachment position of the third cable 51 can move up and down with the rise or fall of the hook 14, so that the third cable 51 can always restrain the hook 14 during the hoisting operation.

[0084] In some embodiments not shown, the guide component may also be a slider or the like that movably disposed on the boom 13 along the length of the boom 13, and the third cable 51 is connected to the slider.

[0085] In some embodiments, the hook swing limiting device 5 may include a combination of the third cable 51, the second pulley 53, the counterweight 52 and the lifting wire rope 182 mentioned above.

[0086] To understand the wind load conditions of the boom, in some embodiments, reference is made to... Figure 11 and Figure 12The crane also includes a wind force measurement device 2, which includes a wind direction sensor 21 and / or a wind speed sensor 22. The wind direction sensor 21 is configured to acquire wind direction information of the boom 13, and the wind speed sensor 22 is configured to acquire wind speed information of the boom 13.

[0087] In some embodiments, reference Figure 13 A wind direction sensor 21 is installed at a wind direction measurement point at the top of the boom 13 and configured to acquire the wind direction at the measurement point as wind direction information. A wind speed sensor 22 is installed at a wind speed measurement point on the boom 13 and configured to acquire the wind speed at the measurement point as wind speed information. Multiple wind speed sensors 22 are distributed along the length of the boom 13. The crane also includes a controller 4, which is signal-connected to the wind direction sensor 21 and the multiple wind speed sensors 22. The controller 4 is configured to acquire the wind load borne by the boom 13 based on the wind direction at the wind direction measurement point and the wind speed at the multiple wind speed measurement points, and to acquire the corresponding lifting performance parameters based on the wind load. The lifting performance parameters include at least one of the following: the boom length, radius, and rated lifting capacity of the crane.

[0088] The arrangement of the wind direction sensor 21 and wind speed sensor 22 in the above embodiments fully considers the actual situation that the wind speed changes with the height above the ground during crane operation, especially when the crane is working in the western mountainous area, where it is difficult to obtain wind information, the wind speed is unpredictable, the time when the wind speed is suitable for construction is short, and the construction in high mountain areas is difficult.

[0089] Based on this sensor setup, the crane can not only obtain the wind direction and speed at the boom's working position, but also obtain the wind speed at different positions along the boom's length in real time, i.e., the wind speed at different heights on the boom. The obtained wind speed is more comprehensive and can more accurately reflect the load on the boom.

[0090] Cranes designed according to current general standards must comply with the maximum permissible wind speed specified in the operating condition table. When the wind force exceeds level 5 (wind speed is approximately 9.8 m / s), the crane must not be operated and the boom must be lowered.

[0091] Although the western mountainous areas are the best locations for wind turbine construction, statistics show that some high-altitude areas are windy all year round, with wind speeds often exceeding 9.8 m / s. The harsh conditions for wind turbine hoisting restrict the use of cranes, reduce the uptime of crane equipment, and seriously affect construction efficiency and progress.

[0092] Standard cranes typically calculate their performance parameters based on the worst-case scenario principle. This method directly assumes a constant wind speed acting on the entire boom and substitutes the maximum permissible wind speed of 9.8 m / s to obtain the crane's lifting performance table. While this method ensures safe crane operation, an excessively high safety factor can easily lead to a waste of equipment resources.

[0093] Compared to traditional cranes, the crane with the aforementioned sensor configuration described in this disclosure can calculate lifting performance parameters based on the actual wind conditions of the working environment, which helps to expand the application range of crane products and improve the uptime of crane equipment.

[0094] Optionally, refer to Figure 13 The controller 4 includes a lifting performance calculation module for implementing the above functions. The lifting performance calculation module includes a processor for calculating wind load and lifting performance parameters, a memory for storing lifting performance parameters, and a display for displaying lifting performance parameters.

[0095] In some embodiments, reference Figure 12 Controller 4 is configured to obtain wind load based on the following relationship:

[0096] F X =A1KV 2 X1 C f +A2KV 2 X2 C f + …… +A i KV 2 Xi C f + …… +A n KV 2 Xn C f ;

[0097] F Y =A1KV 2 Y1 C f +A2KV 2 Y2 C f + …… +A i KV 2 Yi C f + …… +A n KV 2 Yn C f ;

[0098] Among them, A i This represents the effective windward area of ​​boom 13 between the (i-1)th and ith wind speed measurement points. When i=1, A i This represents the effective windward area of ​​boom 13 between the bottom of boom 13 and the first wind speed measurement point. K is a parameter related to the air density of the crane's operating environment, and C... f This represents the wind force coefficient at the wind direction measurement point along boom 13. θ represents the angle between the wind direction at the wind direction measurement point and the horizontal direction. n represents the number of wind speed measurement points. V i V represents the wind speed at the i-th wind speed measurement point. Xi =V i cosθ, V Yi =V i sinθ. F X F represents the component of wind load in the forward and backward directions of the crane. Y This indicates the component of wind load in the left and right directions of the crane.

[0099] The effective windward area mentioned above refers to the projected area of ​​the boom on a plane perpendicular to the wind direction.

[0100] The above-mentioned method of obtaining wind load can fully take into account the shape of the boom 13 and the wind speed at different positions, thereby making the calculated wind load and lifting performance parameters more accurate.

[0101] In some embodiments, reference Figure 14 The crane also includes an early warning device. The controller 4 is connected to the early warning device and configured to: if the wind speed at any wind speed measurement point is greater than a preset value, cause the early warning device to issue a wind speed alarm message and / or a safety operation prompt message to remind the crane operator to adjust the attitude of the boom 13.

[0102] In some embodiments, reference Figure 14 The controller 4 is configured to: in response to wind speed alarm information, determine the safe operating area of ​​the boom 13 based on wind direction information and wind speed information, wherein within the safe operating area, the wind load is less than the limit value, and outside the safe operating area, the wind load is greater than or equal to the limit value.

[0103] Based on the above control method, if severe winds or strong winds suddenly occur and the wind speed exceeds the preset value, the early warning device can issue a wind speed alarm, indicating that the boom may face construction risks based on its current posture and wind force. According to the safety operation prompts issued by the early warning device and the safe working area determined by the wind direction and wind speed information, the operator can operate the turntable to rotate the boom, so that the boom is within the safe working area, thereby reducing the risk of overturning accidents.

[0104] In some embodiments, reference Figure 14The controller 4 is signal-connected to the turntable 12 and configured to: if the attitude of the boom 13 does not change within a specified time after the safety operation prompt message is issued, the turntable 12 will drive the boom 13 to rotate so that the boom 13 is in the safe operating area.

[0105] Based on the above control method, if the boom's posture remains unchanged within a specified time after the safety operation prompt is issued, it indicates that the operator has not operated the turntable rotation within the specified time. At this time, the controller can automatically send a signal to rotate the turntable, and the turntable will automatically drive the boom to rotate in a more stable direction, thereby further reducing the risk of overturning accidents. The length of the specified time can be adaptively set according to the specific wind conditions of the crane's operating environment, for example, it can be 5 seconds.

[0106] Optionally, refer to Figure 14 The controller 4 includes a safety protection module for implementing the above functions. The safety protection module includes a processor for calculating the safe operating area of ​​the boom, a memory for storing relevant data on the safe operating area of ​​the boom, and the aforementioned early warning device. The devices that issue wind speed alarm information and other information may be the same or different.

[0107] In some embodiments, the controller described above may be implemented as a general-purpose processor, a programmable logic controller (PLC), a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, or any suitable combination thereof for performing the functions described herein.

[0108] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this disclosure and not to limit them; although this disclosure has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the specific implementation of this disclosure or equivalent substitutions can be made to some technical features, all of which should be covered within the scope of the technical solutions claimed in this disclosure.

Claims

1. A crane, characterized in that, include: The vehicle body (1) includes a frame (11), a turntable (12) and a boom (13). The turntable (12) is rotatably mounted on the frame (11) about a vertical axis, and one end of the boom (13) is connected to the turntable (12). The lateral wind-resistant device (3) includes two wind-resistant parts disposed on the left and right sides of the boom (13). Each wind-resistant part includes a first cable (31) and an adjustment device (32). One end of the first cable (31) is connected to the boom (13). The adjustment device (32) is configured to adjust the angle between the first cable (31) and the boom (13) according to the wind load borne by the boom (13), so as to change the force exerted by the first cable (31) on the boom (13) by increasing or decreasing the angle between the first cable (31) and the boom (13). The wind force measurement device (2) includes a wind direction sensor (21) and / or a wind speed sensor (22). The wind direction sensor (21) is configured to acquire wind direction information of the boom (13). The wind direction sensor (21) is set at the wind direction measurement point at the top of the boom (13) and is configured to acquire the wind direction of the wind direction measurement point as the wind direction information. The wind speed sensor (22) is configured to acquire the wind speed information of the boom (13). The wind speed sensor (22) is set at the wind speed measurement point on the boom (13) and is configured to acquire the wind speed of the wind speed measurement point as the wind speed information. A plurality of the wind speed sensors (22) are distributed along the length direction of the boom (13). and The controller (4) is connected to the wind direction sensor (21) and multiple wind speed sensors (22). The controller (4) is configured to obtain the wind load borne by the boom (13) based on the wind direction at the wind direction measurement point and the wind speed at the multiple wind speed measurement points, and to obtain the corresponding lifting performance parameters based on the wind load. The lifting performance parameters include at least one of the following: the boom length, radius, and rated lifting capacity of the crane. The controller (4) is configured to obtain the wind load based on the following relationship: F X = A1KV 2 X1 C f + A2KV 2 X2 C f + …… + A i KV 2 Xi C f + …… + A n KV 2 Xn C f ; F Y =A1KV 2 Y1 C f +A2KV 2 Y2 C f + …… +A i KV 2 Yi C f + …… +A n KV 2 Yn C f ; Among them, A i A represents the effective windward area of ​​the boom (13) between the (i-1)th wind speed measurement point and the ith wind speed measurement point, where A = 1. i The effective windward area of ​​the boom (13) between the bottom end of the boom (13) and the first wind speed measurement point, K is a parameter related to the air density of the crane's operating environment, and C f The wind force coefficient of the boom (13) along the wind direction measurement point is represented by θ, where θ represents the angle between the wind direction measurement point and the horizontal direction, n represents the number of wind speed measurement points, and V i V represents the wind speed at the i-th wind speed measurement point. Xi =V i cosθ, V Yi =V i sinθ, F X F represents the component of the wind load in the longitudinal direction of the crane. Y This indicates the component of the wind load in the left-right direction of the crane.

2. The crane according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first end of the first cable (31) is connected to the boom (13), and the adjustment device (32) is driven to the second end of the first cable (31). The adjustment device (32) is configured to drive the second end of the first cable (31) to move closer to or further away from the boom (13) in the left-right direction, so as to adjust the angle between the first cable (31) and the boom (13).

3. The crane according to claim 2, characterized in that, The adjustment device (32) includes a telescopic drive device (322), the first end of the telescopic drive device (322) in the length direction is hinged to the boom (13), the second end of the telescopic drive device (322) in the length direction is connected to the first cable (31), and the telescopic drive device (322) is telescopically arranged along its own length direction.

4. The crane according to claim 3, characterized in that, The telescopic drive device (322) includes a bracket (3221) and a hydraulic cylinder (3222). The first end of the hydraulic cylinder (3222) is hinged to the boom (13), and the two ends of the bracket (3221) in the length direction are respectively connected to the second end of the hydraulic cylinder (3222) and the second end of the first cable (31).

5. The crane according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the wind-resistant sections includes a second cable (33); The adjusting device (32) includes a first pulley (3211), which is mounted on the adjusting device (32). The second cable (33) is wound around the first pulley (3211) and both ends are connected to the turntable (12).

6. The crane according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the wind-resistant sections includes at least two first cables (31) arranged side by side.

7. The crane according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vehicle body (1) includes a hook (14) suspended on the boom (13), and the crane includes a hook swing limiting device (5) configured to limit the swing of the hook (14) relative to the boom (13).

8. The crane according to claim 7, characterized in that, The hook swing limiting device (5) includes: Guide components are mounted on the boom (13); and The third cable (51) is movably connected to the guide member along the length of the boom (13), and the hook swing limiting device (5) is configured to apply a restraining force to the hook (14) via the third cable (51) to limit the swing of the hook (14) relative to the boom (13).

9. The crane according to claim 8, characterized in that, The hook swing limiting device (5) includes: The second pulley (53) is mounted on the hook (14); and The counterweight (52) is a third cable (51) wound around the second pulley (53). The third cable (51) passes through the guide member and its two ends pass over the two second pulleys (53) respectively and are connected to the counterweight (52). The counterweight (52) is configured to tension the third cable (51) to apply a restraining force to the hook (14).

10. The crane according to claim 8, characterized in that, The guide component is the hoisting wire rope (182) of the crane, which is configured to drive the hook (14) to rise or fall. The third cable (51) passes through the gap between the hoisting wire rope (182) and the boom and is movably attached to the hoisting wire rope (182).

11. The crane according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an early warning device. The controller (4) is signal-connected to the early warning device and configured to: if the wind speed at any of the wind speed measurement points is greater than a preset value, cause the early warning device to issue a wind speed alarm message and / or a safety operation prompt message to remind the operator of the crane to adjust the posture of the boom (13).

12. The crane according to claim 11, characterized in that, The controller (4) is configured to: in response to the wind speed alarm information, determine the safe operating area of ​​the boom (13) based on the wind direction information and the wind speed information, wherein within the safe operating area, the wind load is less than the limit value, and outside the safe operating area, the wind load is greater than or equal to the limit value.

13. The crane according to claim 12, characterized in that, The controller (4) is signal-connected to the turntable (12) and configured to: if the posture of the boom (13) does not change within a specified time after the safety operation prompt information is issued, the turntable (12) drives the boom (13) to rotate so that the boom (13) is in the safe operation area.

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