Phosphorus coal gasification reactor and method, system for co-producing yellow phosphorus and syngas

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of chemical technology and discloses a phosphorus coal gasification reactor and method, and a system for co-producing yellow phosphorus and syngas. The phosphorus coal gasification reactor includes a reactor and a gas-solid separation unit. The reactor has a reaction chamber and a slag chamber located vertically and connected within its furnace cavity. The reaction chamber is used for the phosphorus coal gasification reduction reaction, and the slag chamber is used to receive the slag falling from the reaction chamber and form a slag layer. The upper part of the reactor is provided with a gas outlet for discharging phosphorus-containing furnace gas. The outlet of the gas-solid separation unit is connected to the return port of the slag chamber to transport the solid material separated by the gas-solid separation unit back to the slag chamber. The phosphorus coal gasification reactor provided by this invention significantly improves the reduction rate of phosphorus in phosphate rock, especially for medium and low grade phosphate rock. By circulating the phosphate rock back to the slag chamber through the gas-solid separation unit for continued reaction, the reduction rate of medium and low grade phosphate rock is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of chemical technology, specifically to a coal gasification reactor and method, and a system for co-producing yellow phosphorus and syngas. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the electric furnace method is widely used in industry to produce yellow phosphorus. Phosphate rock, silica, and coke are placed in an electric furnace in a specific ratio and particle size, where a decomposition and reduction reaction occurs at a high temperature of 1350-1450℃. Phosphate vapor and furnace dust are cooled and washed together to obtain yellow phosphorus, while the high-temperature slag is directly discharged from the furnace. In the electric furnace phosphorus production process, the heat required for phosphate rock reduction comes entirely from electricity, with electricity consumption reaching 13,800-14,500 kWh per ton of yellow phosphorus produced. Because the electric furnace method uses high-grade electricity as its energy source, to improve the conversion rate of electrical energy products and maintain stable bed operation, existing electric furnace methods generally require high-grade (P2O5>25wt%) lumpy phosphate rock as raw material. However, the average grade of phosphate rock is only 16.85% P2O5. How to effectively utilize medium- and low-grade phosphate rock, improve energy efficiency, and reduce carbon emissions is a major scientific and technological problem facing the yellow phosphorus industry.

[0003] Coal gasification is a mature technology in the coal chemical industry and a crucial step in the synthesis of coal-based chemicals. Because coal gasification can provide ultra-high temperature fields, it has led to applications involving the co-conversion of biomass and solid waste. Existing technologies include schemes for coupling phosphate rock with coal gasification reactions. For example, Chinese patent publication number "CN 212222881 U" discloses a gasification reduction device for the co-production of yellow phosphorus and syngas. This device includes a phosphate coal gasification reduction unit and a quench unit, which are connected vertically. The phosphate coal gasification reduction unit is used to realize the gasification reduction reaction of various materials to obtain phosphorus-containing furnace gas; the quench unit is used to cool the slag formed during the phosphate coal gasification reduction reaction into a solid state and discharge it. However, when producing phosphorus, the device still needs to pre-form phosphate rock, anthracite and silica into phosphorus pellets in a certain proportion. This is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also results in unreacted phosphate rock in the phosphorus-containing furnace gas due to the impact of the coal gasification reaction raw materials. This is especially true for medium and low grade phosphate rock, where the phosphorus reduction rate is even more difficult to meet production requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the defect of low phosphorus reduction rate in existing phosphorus production processes, and to provide a phosphorus coal gasification reactor and method, and a system for co-producing yellow phosphorus and syngas. This phosphorus coal gasification reactor can effectively improve the phosphorus reduction rate in phosphate rock, especially the reduction rate of medium and low grade phosphate rock, and has good application prospects.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, a first aspect of the present invention provides a phosphorus coal gasification reactor, comprising:

[0006] A reactor, wherein the furnace cavity comprises a reaction chamber and a slag chamber located vertically and communicating with each other. The reaction chamber is used for the gasification and reduction reaction of phosphorus-coal, and the slag chamber is used to receive the slag falling from the reaction chamber and form a slag layer. The upper part of the reactor is provided with a gas outlet for discharging phosphorus-containing furnace gas.

[0007] A gas-solid separation unit is provided, wherein the inlet of the gas-solid separation unit is connected to the outlet of the reactor, and the outlet of the gas-solid separation unit is connected to the return port of the slag chamber, so as to transport the solid material separated by the gas-solid separation unit back to the slag chamber.

[0008] Optionally, the bottom of the slag chamber is provided with a slag discharge pipe for discharging the slag material inside the slag chamber outward, and the slag discharge pipe is provided with a valve for controlling the discharge amount of the slag material.

[0009] Optionally, the phosphorus coal gasification reactor further includes a water quenching tank disposed below the reactor, the water quenching tank being connected to the slag discharge pipe to receive the slag material discharged from the slag discharge pipe.

[0010] Optionally, the furnace body corresponding to the reaction chamber is provided with multiple sets of opposing burners, and the multiple sets of opposing burners are spaced apart along the height direction of the reaction furnace.

[0011] Optionally, the phosphorus-coal gasification reactor further includes a cooling unit, which is located between the reactor and the gas-solid separation unit and is configured to cool the phosphorus-containing furnace gas discharged from the gas outlet before transporting it to the gas-solid separation unit.

[0012] Optionally, the cooling unit includes:

[0013] A quenching module, connected to the gas outlet, is used to quench the phosphorus-containing furnace gas discharged from the gas outlet; and

[0014] A cooling module, which is connected to the quenching module, is used to cool the phosphorus-containing furnace gas after the quenching process by the quenching module.

[0015] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for the gasification reaction of phosphorus coal, the method comprising carrying out a phosphorus coal gasification reduction reaction in a reactor to obtain phosphorus-containing furnace gas and a slag layer deposited in the lower part of the reactor, and conveying the solid material obtained by separating the phosphorus-containing furnace gas back to the slag layer in the lower part of the reactor to reduce the residual phosphorus.

[0016] Optionally, the method includes feeding powdered solid fuel, oxygen-containing gas, and phosphate rock powder into the reactor to carry out the phosphate coal gasification reduction reaction;

[0017] The powdered solid fuel, the oxygen-containing gas, and the phosphate rock powder are fed into the reactor from the same location; or

[0018] The powdered solid fuel and the oxygen-containing gas are fed into the reactor from a first position, and the phosphate rock powder is fed into the reactor from a second position higher than the first position; or

[0019] The powdered solid fuel, the oxygen-containing gas, and a portion of the phosphate rock powder are fed into the reactor through the first position, and the remaining phosphate rock powder is fed into the reactor through a second position higher than the first position.

[0020] Optionally, the powdered solid fuel is selected from at least one of pulverized coal, pulverized coke, or semi-coke.

[0021] A third aspect of the present invention provides a system for co-producing yellow phosphorus and syngas, comprising:

[0022] The aforementioned phosphorus coal gasification reactor; and

[0023] A separation and purification unit is used to separate and purify the phosphorus-containing syngas produced by the phosphorus-coal gasification reactor to obtain yellow phosphorus and syngas products.

[0024] Through the above technical solution, the slag chamber located below the reaction chamber is used to receive the unreacted phosphate rock and coal ash and form a slag layer. In the slag layer, the unreacted phosphate rock and the silicon, aluminum and calcium in the coal ash absorb the heat of the coal gasification reaction and liquefy to form a eutectic. The phosphate rock in the eutectic can continue to react with the remaining carbon in the coal ash and generate phosphorus vapor, thereby improving the reduction rate of phosphorus in the phosphate rock.

[0025] In addition, by setting up a gas-solid separation unit to separate the phosphorus-containing furnace gas discharged from the outside, the separated solid material is transported back to the slag chamber. This solid material also contains unreacted phosphate rock powder and coal ash. It is transported back to the slag chamber and melted into the eutectic material. Through further reaction, the reduction rate of phosphorus in phosphate rock is improved, avoiding the problem of insufficient reduction of phosphate rock caused by the discharge of phosphorus-containing furnace gas.

[0026] The phosphate coal gasification reactor provided by this invention significantly improves the reduction rate of phosphorus in phosphate rock. Especially for medium- and low-grade phosphate rock, the gas-solid separation unit recycles the phosphate rock back into the slag chamber for continued reaction, further improving the reduction rate. Therefore, the phosphate coal gasification reactor provided by this invention has promising application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of a system for co-producing yellow phosphorus and syngas provided by the present invention.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0029] 10. Reactor; 11. Reaction Chamber; 12. Slag Chamber; 121. Return Port; 13. Gas Outlet; 14. Slag Discharge Pipe; 15. Opposed Burner; 20. Gas-Solid Separation Unit; 201. Feed Inlet; 202. Discharge Outlet; 21. Return Pipe; 22. Straight Section; 23. Air Inlet Pipe; 24. Conical Section; 25. Exhaust Pipe; 30. Water Quenching Tank; 40. Cooling Unit; 41. Quenching Module; 42. Cooling Module; 50. Separation and Purification Unit. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0031] As mentioned above, combined with Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a phosphorus coal gasification reactor, including a reactor 10 and a gas-solid separation unit 20.

[0032] The reactor 10 has a reaction chamber 11 and a slag chamber 12 located vertically and connected within its furnace cavity. The reaction chamber 11 is used for the gasification and reduction reaction of phosphorus coal, and the slag chamber 12 is used to receive the slag falling from the reaction chamber 11 and form a slag layer. The upper part of the reactor 10 is provided with a gas outlet 13 for discharging phosphorus-containing furnace gas. The feed inlet 201 of the gas-solid separation unit 20 is connected to the gas outlet 13 of the reactor 10, and the discharge outlet 202 of the gas-solid separation unit 20 is connected to the return outlet 121 of the slag chamber 12 for conveying the solid material separated by the gas-solid separation unit 20 back to the slag chamber 12.

[0033] In the technical solution provided by this invention, a slag chamber 12 located below the reaction chamber 11 is used to receive unreacted phosphate rock and coal ash to form a slag layer. In the slag layer, the unreacted phosphate rock and silicon, aluminum, and calcium in the coal ash absorb the heat of the coal gasification reaction and liquefy to form a low-melting-point material. The phosphate rock in the low-melting-point material can continue to react with the remaining carbon in the coal ash to generate phosphorus vapor, thereby improving the reduction rate of phosphorus in the phosphate rock. In addition, by setting a gas-solid separation unit 20 to separate the phosphorus-containing furnace gas discharged from the outside, the separated solid material is transported back to the slag chamber 12. This solid material also contains unreacted phosphate rock powder and coal ash. It is transported back to the slag chamber 12 and melted into the low-melting-point material. Through further reaction, the reduction rate of phosphorus in the phosphate rock is improved, avoiding the problem of insufficient reduction of phosphate rock caused by the discharge of phosphorus-containing furnace gas.

[0034] The phosphate coal gasification reactor provided by this invention significantly improves the reduction rate of phosphorus in phosphate rock. Especially for medium- and low-grade phosphate rock, the gas-solid separation unit 20 recycles the phosphate rock back into the slag chamber 12 for further reaction, thus increasing the reduction rate of medium- and low-grade phosphate rock. Therefore, the phosphate coal gasification reactor provided by this invention has good application prospects.

[0035] Based on the phosphate coal gasification reactor provided by this invention, medium and low grade phosphate ore can be fed into the reactor 10 in powder form along with pulverized coal and oxygen. Most of the phosphate ore reacts with the carbon monoxide produced by coal gasification at high temperature to generate phosphorus vapor. The slag chamber 12 located below the reaction chamber 11 further receives the unreacted phosphate ore and coal ash to form a slag layer. In the slag chamber 12, the phosphate ore is further reduced with carbon, which improves the reduction rate of phosphorus in the phosphate ore. This allows the phosphate ore reduction process to be free from dependence on electricity, thereby solving the problems of high energy consumption, low energy utilization, and high carbon emissions in the production of yellow phosphorus.

[0036] The phosphorus coal gasification reactor provided by this invention can realize the continuous production of phosphate rock reduction. The phosphorus-containing furnace gas discharged is separated into phosphorus-containing syngas by the gas-solid separation unit 20. The phosphorus-containing syngas can be used to produce yellow phosphorus and syngas products through existing technology.

[0037] In existing technologies, the composition of phosphate rock varies depending on the mining area. The electric furnace method for phosphate production requires energy to decompose the phosphate rock, and impurities and water in the phosphate rock also consume a significant amount of electrical energy. Furthermore, to improve the physical properties of the phosphate rock, the electric furnace method requires costly phosphate rock agglomeration processing, typically including sintering, pelletizing, nodulation, and tableting. However, in the phosphate coal gasification reactor provided by this invention, after pretreatment to form powder, the phosphate rock can be directly fed into the reactor 10 along with pulverized coal and oxygen to complete the phosphate coal gasification reduction reaction in a fluidized bed gasifier. In other words, this invention eliminates the cost of phosphate rock agglomeration compared to the traditional electric furnace method. Moreover, the powdered raw materials in this invention exhibit better gas-solid contact in the reactor 10, resulting in a faster and more efficient reaction.

[0038] In this invention, the reactor 10 serves as the site for the gasification and reduction reaction of phosphate coal. The main structure can specifically adopt a shell with a pressure resistance of 1.0-4.0 MPa. The shell forms a hanging ash layer, a water-cooled wall shell, and an insulation layer from the inside to the outside. Steam is obtained through the water-cooled wall shell, and the system heat dissipation is controlled to not exceed 2%.

[0039] In some embodiments, a slag discharge pipe 14 is provided at the bottom of the slag chamber 12 for discharging the slag material inside the slag chamber 12. A valve is provided on the slag discharge pipe 14 to control the discharge rate of the slag material. By controlling the slag layer in the slag chamber 12 to a certain thickness through the valve on the slag discharge pipe 14, the eutectic material formed by the phosphate rock and coal ash has a certain residence time in the slag chamber 12, ensuring that the remaining carbon fully reduces the phosphate rock.

[0040] It should be understood that the slag in the slag chamber 12 can be discharged continuously or intermittently. During continuous slag discharge, the amount of slag discharged can be controlled by controlling the opening of the valve. In particular, it is necessary to control the discharge speed of the slag so that the slag layer in the slag chamber 12 maintains a certain thickness to ensure the reduction rate of phosphate rock.

[0041] In some embodiments, the phosphorus coal gasification reactor further includes a water quenching tank 30 disposed below the reactor 10, the water quenching tank 30 being connected to the slag discharge pipe 14 for receiving the slag material discharged from the slag discharge pipe 14.

[0042] It should be noted that existing slag is mainly used as building material, while in this invention, water quenching is performed on the slag to obtain water-quenched slag with cementing properties. This water-quenched slag can be used as a catalyst carrier and other applications, thus increasing the value of the by-product.

[0043] It should be understood that the reaction raw materials for the phosphorus coal gasification reduction reaction in the reaction chamber 11 include at least phosphate rock powder and reactants for forming a high-temperature reaction zone. Specifically, the phosphate rock powder can be processed from phosphate rock through crushing, screening and drying processes, or obtained by screening mined phosphate rock. The particle size of the phosphate rock powder is preferably less than or equal to 150 μm.

[0044] Regarding the phosphorus content in phosphate rock powder, calculated as P2O5, the phosphate coal gasification reactor provided by this invention is applicable to phosphate rock powder with a P2O5 content of not less than 18 wt%. For phosphate rock with a P2O5 content of less than 18 wt%, this invention preferably employs processes such as crushing, flotation, and drying to achieve a P2O5 content of 18 wt% or higher, in order to ensure the utilization efficiency of the raw materials for coal gasification reaction.

[0045] In this invention, the reactants used to form the high-temperature reaction zone can be at least one of pulverized coal, coke powder, or semi-coke powder and an oxygen-containing gas; at least one of pulverized coal, coke powder, or semi-coke powder and oxygen in the oxygen-containing gas are burned in the reaction chamber 11 to form a high-temperature reaction zone, thereby providing heat for the reduction of phosphate rock powder.

[0046] In one embodiment of the present invention, the reaction raw materials are selected as pulverized coal, oxygen, and phosphate rock powder. The coal is processed into pulverized coal through crushing, grinding, drying, and other processes, and the particle size of the pulverized coal is preferably less than or equal to 100 μm. The pulverized coal, oxygen, and phosphate rock powder are fed into the reaction chamber 11. When the pulverized coal is burned, a high-temperature coal gasification combustion zone of about 2000°C is generated. The phosphate rock powder absorbs heat and is reduced under the action of carbon monoxide to form phosphorus-containing furnace gas.

[0047] In this invention, the ratio of coal to oxygen not only affects the temperature of the coal gasification combustion zone, but also affects the amount of carbon monoxide generated and the reduction effect of phosphate rock. In some embodiments, the phosphate rock is calculated as P2O5 and the coal is calculated as C, and the mass ratio of P2O5 to C is 1:(3-5).

[0048] In some embodiments, the reactants for the phosphorus coal gasification reduction reaction are fed into the reaction chamber 11 through burners mounted on the reactor 10. It should be understood that the gas velocity at the burners will affect the residence time of the reactants in the reaction chamber 11 to some extent, thus affecting the effectiveness of the phosphorus coal gasification reduction reaction. In some embodiments, by controlling the gas velocity at the burners to 60-120 m / s, the coal ash during the phosphorus coal gasification reduction reaction can be effectively liquefied and flow along the wall of the reactor 10 into the slag chamber 12.

[0049] In some embodiments, to facilitate adjustment of the feeding method, the furnace body of the reactor 10 corresponding to the reaction chamber 11 is provided with multiple sets of opposing burners 15, and the multiple sets of opposing burners 15 are spaced apart along the height direction of the reactor 10. Combined with Figure 1 As shown, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, two sets of opposing burners 15 are provided, and the two sets of opposing burners 15 are spaced apart along the height direction of the reactor 10.

[0050] Taking the selection of pulverized coal, oxygen, and phosphate rock powder as the reaction raw materials as an example, the feeding method of the reaction raw materials in this invention can be specifically selected as needed. Specifically, the feeding method can be selected as follows: ① Pulverized coal, oxygen, and phosphate rock powder enter the furnace cavity of the reactor 10 through any set of opposing burners 15. ② Pulverized coal and oxygen enter the phosphate coal reactor 10 for combustion through the lower-positioned opposing burners 15, while phosphate rock powder enters the reactor 10 through the higher-positioned opposing burners 15. ③ Pulverized coal, oxygen, and a portion of the phosphate rock powder (e.g., 70%) enter the phosphate coal reactor 10 for combustion through the lower-positioned opposing burners 15, while the remaining phosphate rock powder (e.g., 30%) enters the reactor 10 through the higher-positioned opposing burners 15.

[0051] In this invention, the temperature of the phosphorus-containing gas discharged from the reactor 10 is relatively high. In order to avoid the high temperature of the phosphorus-containing gas affecting the service life of the gas-solid separation unit 20, in some embodiments, the phosphorus coal gasification reactor further includes a cooling unit 40. The cooling unit 40 is disposed between the reactor 10 and the gas-solid separation unit 20 and is configured to cool the phosphorus-containing gas discharged from the gas outlet 13 before transporting it to the gas-solid separation unit 20.

[0052] In some embodiments, the cooling unit 40 includes a quenching module 41 and a cooling module 42. The quenching module 41 is connected to the gas outlet 13 and is used to quench the phosphorus-containing furnace gas discharged from the gas outlet 13. The cooling module 42 is connected to the quenching module 41 and is used to cool the phosphorus-containing furnace gas after it has been quenched by the quenching module 41.

[0053] It should be noted that the function of the quenching module 41 is to reduce the temperature of the phosphorus-containing furnace gas as quickly as possible, thereby reducing the cooling pressure on the subsequent cooling module 42. In some embodiments, after the quenching treatment by the quenching module 41, the temperature of the phosphorus-containing furnace gas is reduced to about 900°C. After further cooling treatment by the cooling module 42, the phosphorus-containing furnace gas is obtained at a temperature of about 200°C, thus avoiding damage to the gas-solid separation unit 20 caused by excessively high-temperature phosphorus-containing furnace gas.

[0054] The quenching module 41 can be any commonly used device in the art, and will not be described in detail here. The cooling module 42 can be any commonly used cooler in the art, which cools the phosphorus-containing furnace gas and produces steam as a byproduct to recover heat.

[0055] In this invention, the gas-solid separation unit 20 can be any suitable device, as long as it can separate the solid material from the phosphorus-containing furnace gas. In some embodiments, the gas-solid separation unit 20 is selected as a cyclone separator, which includes a straight section 22, an air inlet pipe 23, a conical section 24, and an exhaust pipe 25; the air inlet pipe 23 is tangentially connected to the upper part of the straight section 22, and the outer end of the air inlet pipe 23 is connected to the gas outlet 13 of the reactor 10; the conical section 24 is located at the lower end of the straight section 22 and its diameter gradually decreases downward, and the bottom of the conical section 24 forms the discharge port 202 for discharging the solid material outward; the exhaust pipe 25 coincides with the central axis of the straight section 22 and is connected to the top of the straight section 22.

[0056] Furthermore, the outlet 202 of the gas-solid separation unit 20 is connected to the return outlet 121 of the slag chamber 12 via a return pipe 21, which is used to transport the solid material back to the slag chamber 12. By using a cyclone separator to separate the solid material from the phosphorus-containing furnace gas and send it back to the slag chamber 12 for further reaction, the reduction rate of phosphorus in the phosphate rock is improved, and the problem of insufficient reduction of phosphate rock caused by the discharge of phosphate rock with the phosphorus-containing furnace gas is avoided.

[0057] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for the gasification reaction of phosphorus coal, the method comprising carrying out a phosphorus coal gasification reduction reaction in a reactor 10 to obtain phosphorus-containing furnace gas and a slag layer deposited in the lower part of the reactor 10, and conveying the solid material obtained by separating the phosphorus-containing furnace gas back to the slag layer in the lower part of the reactor 10 to reduce the residual phosphorus.

[0058] In the method provided by this invention, the unreacted phosphate rock and coal ash are liquefied and settled in the lower part of the reactor 10 by relying on the fluxing effect of coal ash and the heat provided by the coal gasification reaction to form a eutectic. The phosphate rock in the eutectic can continue to react with the remaining carbon in the coal ash to generate phosphorus vapor, thereby improving the reduction rate of phosphorus in the phosphate rock. In addition, by transporting the solid material obtained by separating the phosphorus-containing furnace gas back to the lower part of the reactor 10 to melt into the eutectic, the reduction rate of phosphorus in the phosphate rock is further improved through further reaction, avoiding the problem of insufficient reduction of phosphate rock caused by the discharge of phosphorus-containing furnace gas.

[0059] The method provided by this invention significantly improves the reduction rate of phosphorus in phosphate rock, especially for medium and low grade phosphate rock. By using gas-solid separation to recycle the phosphate rock back to the lower part of the reactor 10 for continued reaction, the full reduction of medium and low grade phosphate rock is achieved. Therefore, the method provided by this invention has good application prospects.

[0060] According to the method provided by the present invention, the method includes feeding powdered solid fuel, oxygen-containing gas and phosphate rock powder into the reactor 10 to carry out the phosphate coal gasification reduction reaction; the powdered solid fuel is selected from at least one of pulverized coal, coke powder or semi-coke powder.

[0061] At least one of pulverized coal, coke powder, or semi-coke powder is burned with oxygen in an oxygen-containing gas in a reactor 10 to form a high-temperature reaction zone, thereby providing heat for the reduction of phosphate rock powder. Carbon monoxide generated by the coal gasification reaction is used as a reducing agent to reduce the phosphate rock powder.

[0062] The phosphate rock powder can be made from phosphate rock through crushing, screening and drying processes, or obtained by screening mined phosphate rock. The particle size of the phosphate rock powder is preferably less than or equal to 150 μm.

[0063] Regarding the phosphorus content in phosphate rock powder, calculated as P2O5, the method provided by this invention is applicable to phosphate rock powder with a P2O5 content of not less than 18 wt%. For phosphate rock with a P2O5 content of less than 18 wt%, this invention preferably employs processes such as crushing, flotation, and drying to achieve a P2O5 content of 18 wt% or higher, in order to ensure the utilization efficiency of the raw materials for coal gasification reaction.

[0064] In one embodiment of the present invention, the method includes feeding pulverized coal, oxygen, and phosphate rock powder into a reactor 10 for a phosphate coal gasification reduction reaction. The coal is processed into pulverized coal through crushing, grinding, and drying processes, and the particle size of the pulverized coal is preferably less than or equal to 100 μm. When the pulverized coal, oxygen, and phosphate rock powder are fed into the reactor 10, a high-temperature coal gasification combustion zone of approximately 2000°C is generated during the combustion of the pulverized coal. The phosphate rock powder absorbs heat and is reduced under the action of carbon monoxide to form phosphorus-containing furnace gas.

[0065] According to the method provided by the present invention, the feeding method of the reactor 10 can be selected according to actual needs. For ease of understanding, taking the reactor 10 with a first group of opposing burners and a second group of opposing burners fixed at intervals from bottom to top as an example, one of the following feeding methods can be selected:

[0066] The first feeding method: the powdered solid fuel, the oxygen-containing gas and the phosphate rock powder are fed into the reactor 10 from the same position;

[0067] That is, powdered solid fuel, oxygen-containing gas and phosphate rock powder are fed into the reactor 10 from the first set of opposed burners or the second set of opposed burners. The powdered solid fuel reacts with oxygen to generate heat, while the phosphate rock powder undergoes a reduction reaction with carbon and carbon monoxide.

[0068] The second feeding method: the powdered solid fuel and the oxygen-containing gas are fed into the reactor 10 from the first position, and the phosphate rock powder is fed into the reactor 10 through a second position higher than the first position; specifically, for example, the powdered solid fuel and the oxygen-containing gas are fed into the reactor 10 from the first set of opposed burners, and the phosphate rock powder is fed into the reactor 10 through the second set of opposed burners.

[0069] The third feeding method: the powdered solid fuel, the oxygen-containing gas, and a portion of the phosphate rock powder are fed into the reactor 10 through the first position, and the remaining phosphate rock powder is fed into the reactor 10 through a second position higher than the first position. Specifically, the powdered solid fuel, the oxygen-containing gas, and a portion of the phosphate rock powder (e.g., 70%) are fed into the reactor 10 from the first set of opposed burners, and the remaining phosphate rock powder (e.g., 30%) is fed into the reactor 10 from the second set of opposed burners.

[0070] It should be understood that during the reduction reaction of phosphate rock gasification, it is desirable for the phosphate rock powder to absorb as much heat as possible from the gasification reaction to generate more phosphorus, while it is undesirable for the CO2 or oxygen produced during the gasification process to react with the reduced phosphorus to form P2O5. In the first feeding method described above, the phosphate rock powder, powdered solid fuel, and oxygen are fed into the reactor 10 together, ensuring that the phosphate rock powder fully absorbs the heat from the gasification reaction. However, it is inevitable that some of the reduced phosphorus will be reacted to form P2O5. Correspondingly, the second feeding method can reduce the amount of reduced phosphorus reacted to form P2O5, but the heat absorption effect of the phosphate rock powder is not as good as that of the first feeding method. The third feeding method can ensure the heat absorption of the phosphate rock powder to a certain extent and can also appropriately reduce the amount of reduced phosphorus reacted to form P2O5, thus it can be considered the preferred solution.

[0071] A third aspect of the present invention provides a system for co-producing yellow phosphorus and syngas, the system comprising the above-mentioned phosphorus coal gasification reactor and a separation and purification unit 50, wherein the separation and purification unit 50 is used to separate and purify the phosphorus-containing syngas produced by the phosphorus coal gasification reactor to obtain yellow phosphorus and syngas products.

[0072] In some embodiments, the separation and purification unit 50 includes a multi-stage washing system and a purification system. The multi-stage washing system involves spray water exchanging heat with the phosphorus-containing syngas via convection, causing phosphorus vapor to condense into liquid yellow phosphorus, which then enters a phosphorus collection device along with the spray water. The remaining syngas containing a small amount of yellow phosphorus is then supplied to the purification system for further processing to obtain purified syngas. It should be noted that the condensation and purification of phosphorus vapor are conventional processes in the art, and will not be elaborated upon here. The system provided by this invention can obtain yellow phosphorus products and purified syngas. The main component of the purified syngas is CO, which can be used as a chemical raw material to produce synthetic ammonia, methanol, or ethylene glycol, among other chemical products.

[0073] It is particularly important to note that the system provided by this invention simultaneously involves the reduction reaction of phosphate rock and the gasification reaction of coal. At this time, the syngas obtained by the system is no longer the traditional syngas with CO and H2 as the main components, but syngas with CO as the main component. This syngas with CO as the main component, after purification treatment, is a high-quality raw material gas for the production of C1 chemical products.

[0074] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings; however, the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the inventive concept, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not describe the various possible combinations separately. However, these simple modifications and combinations should also be considered as the content disclosed in the present invention and are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A phosphorus coal gasification reactor, characterized in that, include: The reactor (10) has a reaction chamber (11) and a slag chamber (12) located vertically and connected within its furnace cavity. The reaction chamber (11) is used for the gasification and reduction reaction of phosphorus coal, and the slag chamber (12) is used to receive the slag falling from the reaction chamber (11) and form a slag layer. The upper part of the reactor (10) is provided with a gas outlet (13) for discharging phosphorus-containing furnace gas. The furnace chamber (11) corresponds to the furnace of the reactor (10). The body is equipped with multiple sets of opposing burners (15). The phosphate coal gasification reactor is configured to allow phosphate rock powder and reactants used to form a high-temperature reaction zone to enter the reactor (10) from the burners (15) for reaction. The gas velocity of the burners (15) is 60-120 m / s. The bottom of the slag chamber (12) is equipped with a slag discharge pipe (14) for discharging the slag material in the slag chamber (12) outward. The slag discharge pipe (14) is equipped with a valve for controlling the discharge amount of the slag material. A gas-solid separation unit (20) is provided, wherein the inlet (201) of the gas-solid separation unit (20) is connected to the outlet (13) of the reactor (10), and the outlet (202) of the gas-solid separation unit (20) is connected to the return port (121) of the slag chamber (12) for conveying the solid material separated by the gas-solid separation unit (20) back to the slag chamber (12).

2. The phosphorus coal gasification reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The phosphorus coal gasification reactor also includes a water quenching tank (30) located below the reactor (10), the water quenching tank (30) being connected to the slag discharge pipe (14) to receive the slag material discharged from the slag discharge pipe (14).

3. The phosphorus coal gasification reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple sets of the opposing burners (15) are spaced apart along the height direction of the reactor (10).

4. The phosphorus coal gasification reactor according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The phosphorus coal gasification reactor also includes a cooling unit (40), which is located between the reactor (10) and the gas-solid separation unit (20) and is configured to cool the phosphorus-containing furnace gas discharged from the gas outlet (13) and then transport it to the gas-solid separation unit (20).

5. The phosphorus coal gasification reactor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cooling unit (40) includes: A quenching module (41), which is connected to the gas outlet (13), is used to quench the phosphorus-containing furnace gas discharged from the gas outlet (13); and Cooling module (42), which is connected to the quenching module (41), is used to cool the phosphorus-containing furnace gas after the quenching treatment by the quenching module (41).

6. A method for phosphorus coal gasification reaction using the phosphorus coal gasification reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method includes performing a phosphorus-coal gasification reduction reaction in a reactor (10) to obtain phosphorus-containing furnace gas and a slag layer deposited in the lower part of the reactor (10), and transporting the solid material obtained by separating the phosphorus-containing furnace gas back to the slag layer in the lower part of the reactor (10) to reduce the residual phosphorus.

7. The method for phosphorus coal gasification reaction according to claim 6, characterized in that, The method includes feeding powdered solid fuel, oxygen-containing gas and phosphate rock powder into the reactor (10) to carry out the phosphate coal gasification reduction reaction; The powdered solid fuel, the oxygen-containing gas, and the phosphate rock powder are fed into the reactor (10) from the same location; or The powdered solid fuel and the oxygen-containing gas are fed into the reactor (10) from the first position, and the phosphate rock powder is fed into the reactor (10) through a second position higher than the first position; or The powdered solid fuel, the oxygen-containing gas, and a portion of the phosphate rock powder are fed into the reactor (10) through the first position, and the remaining phosphate rock powder is fed into the reactor (10) through a second position higher than the first position.

8. The method for phosphorus coal gasification reaction according to claim 7, characterized in that, The powdered solid fuel is selected from at least one of pulverized coal, pulverized coke, or semi-coke powder.

9. A system for co-producing yellow phosphorus and syngas, characterized in that, include: The phosphorus coal gasification reactor according to any one of claims 1-5; and Separation and purification unit (50) is used to separate and purify the phosphorus-containing syngas produced by the phosphorus coal gasification reactor to obtain yellow phosphorus and syngas products.

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