A turning tool holder for machining annular grooves in deep holes

Abstract

The invention discloses a tool holder for machining annular grooves in deep holes, belonging to the field of lathe machining, a deep hole tool bar, a tool structure, and a radial feed structure. The tool structure comprises a tool mounting seat, and at least two cutting tools which are uniformly distributed circumferentially on the tool mounting seat and perform cutting simultaneously. The cutting surfaces of the cutting tools are oriented clockwise or counterclockwise relative to the center of the tool mounting seat. The at least two circumferentially uniformly distributed cutting tools can perform cutting simultaneously, and the load directions of the cutting tools can offset each other, thereby greatly reducing the radial load of the tool bar and avoiding deformation due to bending moment. The problem in the prior art that, when machining annular grooves in deep holes, the tool bar is easily deformed due to bending moment due to the unidirectional load on the tool, which leads to difficulty in normal cutting, or results in small cutting volume, reduced cutting efficiency, and other problems.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of lathe processing, in particular to a lathe tool holder used for processing annular grooves in deep holes. Background Art

[0002] When processing in deep holes, due to the long length of the tool shank, when the cutting tool is subjected to a unidirectional load, the tool shank is easily deformed by the bending moment, which makes it difficult to cut normally, or results in problems such as small cutting volume and reduced cutting efficiency.

[0003] For example, the "Long-shank tool for deep hole processing of titanium alloy in CNC lathe" disclosed in the Chinese patent literature has a publication number of CN218283773U, which includes a handle head and a mounting slot, a mounting slot is provided inside the handle head, a titanium alloy turning tool is provided inside the mounting slot, a positioning bolt is provided inside the handle head on one side of the titanium alloy turning tool, and one end of the positioning bolt extends to the surface of the titanium alloy turning tool, a locking bolt is provided inside the handle head below the positioning bolt, and one end of the locking bolt extends to the surface of the titanium alloy turning tool, an adjustment rod is provided inside the handle head, and the adjustment rod is slidably connected to the handle head, and multiple groups of through holes with equal spacing are provided inside the adjustment rod. This patent not only realizes the convenient installation of the turning tool for long-shank tools, facilitates deep hole deep processing, but also increases the scope of use of long-shank tools. However, the disadvantage of this patent is that due to the long handle, when it is deep-drilled for processing, due to the unidirectional load on the turning tool, the tool bar is easily deformed by the bending moment, which makes it difficult to carry out normal cutting, or causes problems such as small cutting volume and reduced cutting efficiency.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, some prior arts provide a double-sided turning tool, which eliminates the unidirectional bending moment of the tool holder by using two turning tools. However, this double-sided turning tool cannot be applied to the processing of annular grooves in deep holes or structures with larger inner diameters.

[0005] For example, the "double-sided turning tool for deep hole machining on a lathe" disclosed in the Chinese patent literature has a publication number of CN107570736A, which includes an operating table, the bottom of which is symmetrically equipped with support feet, the top of which is provided with a slide rail, the slide rail is provided with a workpiece fixing frame, the workpiece is installed on the workpiece fixing frame, a deep hole machining device is provided on one side of the workpiece, the deep hole machining device is installed on a driving device, the driving device is placed on the top of the operating table, the deep hole machining device includes a first turning tool, a second turning tool, a cover plate and a tool bar, the tool bar is provided with a first protrusion and a second protrusion, and the first protrusion and the second protrusion are arranged in parallel and symmetrically. The double-sided turning tool for deep hole machining on a lathe of the invention increases the work of one turning tool to two turning tools, the first turning tool and the second turning tool are clamped symmetrically, one positive and one negative, and cut at the same time, the cutting force is uniform, the cutting amount is increased, the deformation of the tool bar is small, and the cutting efficiency is significantly improved. However, the shortcoming of this patent is that when processing the annular groove in a deep hole, the tool needs to move radially after entering the deep hole. After the radial movement of the tool in this patent, it cannot ensure that the two turning tools can cut the annular groove in the deep hole at the same time, and it cannot improve the cutting efficiency and reduce the deformation of the tool rod. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention aims to overcome the problem in the prior art that, when machining annular grooves in deep holes, the tool is subjected to unidirectional loads, and the tool shank is easily deformed by the bending moment, which leads to difficulties in normal cutting, or results in small cutting amounts, reduced cutting efficiency, and other problems. A turning tool holder for machining annular grooves in deep holes is provided, which can machine annular grooves in deep holes and avoid deformation of the tool shank as much as possible, thereby ensuring that the cutting amount is consistent with the expected value and that the cutting efficiency is not affected.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] The present invention discloses a tool holder for machining annular grooves in deep holes, comprising: a deep hole tool rod for providing an axial length to feed a cutting tool into the deep hole; a tool structure mounted on the deep hole tool rod for cutting the annular groove; a radial feed structure for adjusting the radial position of the tool head; the tool structure comprises a tool mounting seat, and at least two cutting tools which are evenly distributed on the tool mounting seat in the circumferential direction and perform cutting at the same time, wherein the cutting surfaces of the cutting tools are oriented in a clockwise direction or in a counterclockwise direction relative to the center of the tool mounting seat.

[0009] The at least two circumferentially evenly distributed cutting tools can cut at the same time, and the load directions of the cutting tools can offset each other, thereby greatly reducing the radial load of the tool bar and avoiding deformation due to bending moment. At the same time, the radial feed structure can adjust the radial position of the tool head. When the tool head is inserted into the deep hole, only the radial position of the tool head needs to be adjusted. Even if a larger inner diameter is required, it can ensure that the two tool heads can cut at the same time, thereby solving the problems existing in the prior art.

[0010] Preferably, the radial feeding structure comprises a push block for pushing all cutting tools to move radially synchronously, the cutting tools are provided with a wedge-shaped portion on one end facing the push block, and the cutting tools are provided with an abutment surface adapted to abut against the wedge-shaped portion. The push block can push multiple cutting tools at the same time, ensuring that the distance from the cutting tool head to the center of the deep hole is always consistent.

[0011] Preferably, the turning tool structure is installed at one end of the deep hole tool rod, and a radial feed drive structure is installed at one end of the deep hole tool rod away from the turning tool structure. This structure can ensure that the radial feed drive structure has sufficient installation space.

[0012] Preferably, the radial feed structure includes a driving screw, on which a driving member is mounted, and the driving member is fixedly connected to the push block. Since the deep hole cutter rod needs to be inserted into the deep hole and has a long length, if a cylinder or other structure is used to drive the push block, the axial load on the axis of the driving rod will cause an increase in the bending moment of the driving rod. In this solution, the driving is performed by a driving screw, and since the force points of the driving screw are on the thread and are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the axis, it is not easy to cause an increase in the bending moment.

[0013] Preferably, the driving member includes a plurality of internal threaded portions spaced apart in the axial direction, and the internal threaded portions cooperate with the threads of the driving screw rod; the internal threaded portions spaced apart can enable the force points of the screw rod to be distributed as much as possible in different positions in the axial direction, thereby further avoiding deformation of the driving screw rod due to bending moment.

[0014] Preferably, the length of the driving member is not less than half the length of the driving screw rod. This solution allows the driving screw rod to be limited in the radial direction by the driving member, further preventing the driving screw rod from being deformed.

[0015] Preferably, the sum of the axial lengths of all the internal threaded portions does not exceed one third of the length of the driving screw rod. This solution can reduce energy loss at the threaded portion and avoid excessive resistance during the driving process.

[0016] Preferably, a bearing mounting portion is provided in the deep hole cutter bar, a connecting rod through-hole is provided on the bearing mounting portion, the driving member and the push block are connected via a connecting rod, and the connecting rod passes through the connecting rod through-hole. This structure can ensure the reliability of the connection between the driving member and the push block without affecting the installation of the driving screw.

[0017] Preferably, the tool mounting seat is further provided with a tool limiting hole, the length direction of the tool limiting hole is the same as the radial feed direction of the cutting tool, and a wear-resistant pad is installed between the tool limiting hole and the cutting tool. The wear-resistant pad can reduce the wear of the tool limiting hole caused by vibration generated during cutting.

[0018] Preferably, the deep hole tool bar is also equipped with a coolant nozzle aimed at the tool head of the cutting tool, and a coolant pipeline connected to the coolant nozzle is arranged inside the deep hole tool bar. The coolant nozzle can be used to cool the cutting process in real time.

[0019] Therefore, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) the load directions of the cutting tools can offset each other, thereby greatly reducing the radial load of the tool rod and avoiding deformation thereof due to bending moment; (2) after the tool head is inserted into the deep hole, it is only necessary to adjust the radial position of the tool head. Even if a larger inner diameter processing is required, it can ensure that the two tool heads can cut at the same time; (3) the driving screw is not easily deformed during the driving process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a side view structural schematic diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 Embodiment 1 of the present invention Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the deep hole tool bar at one end close to the turning tool structure.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a side view structural schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] In the figure: 1, mounting seat 2, deep hole tool rod 3, turning tool structure 4, radial feed structure 5, radial feed drive structure 6, coolant nozzle 7, nozzle mounting cover 8, turning tool mounting seat 9, cutting turning tool 10, cutting surface 11, turning tool limit hole 12, push block 13, driving screw 14, driving member 15, internal threaded portion 16, bearing mounting portion 17, connecting rod through hole 18, connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] Embodiment 1, as Figure 1-3 As shown, a turning tool holder for machining annular grooves in deep holes comprises a mounting seat 1, a deep hole tool rod 2, a turning tool structure 3, and a radial feed structure 4.

[0027] The mounting seat is used to fix the turning tool seat, which is generally fixed on the slide rail and driven by the axial feeding device to facilitate the turning tool structure to feed and cut in the axial direction of the deep hole. The mounting seat is provided with a tool rod mounting hole for installing the deep hole tool rod.

[0028] The deep hole cutter bar is a hollow structure, the radial feed structure is installed in the deep hole cutter bar, and the two ends of the deep hole cutter bar are respectively installed with a radial feed drive structure 5 and the turning tool structure. The radial feed drive structure can be a hand wheel with a scale, or a stepper motor with a reducer.

[0029] The deep hole cutter bar is also provided with a milling surface near the turning tool structure, and a nozzle mounting cover 7 for mounting a coolant nozzle 6 on the deep hole cutter bar is installed on the milling surface. A coolant pipeline connected to the coolant nozzle is also provided in the deep hole cutter bar. A coolant inlet connected to the coolant pipeline is also provided on the mounting seat.

[0030] The tool structure includes a tool mounting seat 8, and at least two cutting tools 9 that are evenly distributed on the tool mounting seat and perform cutting at the same time. The cutting surfaces 10 of the cutting tools are all facing clockwise or counterclockwise relative to the center of the tool mounting seat. In this embodiment, there are two cutting tools, and the cutting surfaces are all facing counterclockwise. The tool mounting seat is also provided with a tool limiting hole 11, and the length direction of the tool limiting hole is the same as the radial feed direction of the cutting tool. A wear-resistant pad is installed between the tool limiting hole and the cutting tool.

[0031] The radial feeding structure includes a push block 12 for pushing all cutting tools to move synchronously in radial direction. The cutting tools are provided with a wedge-shaped portion on one end facing the push block, and the cutting tools are provided with an abutment surface adapted to abut against the wedge-shaped portion. The radial feeding structure includes a driving screw 13 connected to the radial feeding driving structure, and a driving member 14 is adapted to be installed on the driving screw. A limiting groove for limiting the circumferential rotation direction of the driving member is provided in the deep hole cutter bar. The driving member is fixedly connected to the push block, and the length of the driving member is not less than half of the length of the driving screw. The driving member includes a plurality of internal threaded portions 15 spaced apart in the axial direction, and the internal threaded portion is threadedly matched with the driving screw, and the sum of the axial lengths of all the internal threaded portions does not exceed one third of the length of the driving screw. A bearing mounting portion 16 is provided in the deep hole cutter bar, and a connecting rod through-hole 17 is provided on the bearing mounting portion. The driving member and the push block are connected by a connecting rod 18, and the connecting rod passes through the connecting rod through-hole.

[0032] During the use of the device, the radial position of the turning tool is first adjusted so that the distance from the end of the turning tool head to the center of the turning tool mounting seat does not exceed the radius of the deep hole, and then the turning tool structure is extended into the position to be processed in the deep hole by moving the mounting seat on the slide rail. Then the part to be processed starts to rotate rapidly, and the cutting turning tool is radially fed. When the cutting turning tool is radially fed, it is necessary to rotate the drive screw to drive the driving member to move in the axial direction of the drive screw, and then drive the push block to move in the axial direction of the drive screw. Due to the contact between the abutment surface and the wedge-shaped portion, the axial movement of the push block will be converted into radial movement of the cutting turning tool. After the cutting turning tool moves radially, the inner wall of the deep hole is cut, and the annular groove is gradually cut as the mounting seat moves on the slide rail. When the depth of the annular groove is large and exceeds the upper limit of a single radial feed, the radial feed can be decomposed into multiple smaller feeds.

[0033] Embodiment 2, as Figure 4 As shown, a tool holder for machining annular grooves in deep holes is used. The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that in this embodiment, the number of cutting tools 9 is 4, and the intervals between adjacent cutting tools are 90 degrees.

Claims

1. A turning tool holder for machining annular grooves in deep holes, characterized in that: include: Deep hole toolholders, used to provide axial length to feed the cutting tool into deep holes; The turning tool structure is mounted on the deep hole tool bar and is used for cutting the annular groove; A radial feed structure is used to adjust the radial position of the turning tool head; The tool structure includes a tool mounting seat, and at least two cutting tools that are evenly distributed on the tool mounting seat in the circumferential direction and perform cutting at the same time, and the cutting surfaces of the cutting tools are oriented clockwise or counterclockwise relative to the center of the tool mounting seat; the deep hole tool rod is also equipped with a coolant nozzle aimed at the tool head of the cutting tool, and the deep hole tool rod is provided with a coolant pipeline connected to the coolant nozzle; the radial feed structure includes a push block for pushing all cutting tools to move radially synchronously, the cutting tool is provided with a wedge-shaped portion on one end facing the push block, and the cutting tool is provided with an abutment surface that is adapted to abut against the wedge-shaped portion; the radial feed structure includes a driving screw, and a driving member is adapted to be mounted on the driving screw, and the driving member includes a plurality of internal threaded portions spaced apart in the axial direction.

2. The turning tool holder for machining annular grooves in deep holes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The turning tool structure is installed at one end of the deep hole tool rod, and a radial feed drive structure is installed at one end of the deep hole tool rod away from the turning tool structure.

3. The turning tool holder for machining annular grooves in deep holes according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving member is fixedly connected to the pushing block.

4. The turning tool holder for machining annular grooves in deep holes according to claim 3, characterized in that: The internal thread portion is threadably matched with the driving screw rod.

5. The turning tool holder for machining annular grooves in deep holes according to claim 3, characterized in that: The length of the driving member is not less than half the length of the driving screw rod.

6. The turning tool holder for machining annular grooves in deep holes according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sum of the axial lengths of all internal threaded portions shall not exceed one third of the length of the drive screw.

7. The turning tool holder for machining annular grooves in deep holes according to claim 3, characterized in that: A bearing mounting portion is provided in the deep hole cutter bar, a connecting rod through hole is provided on the bearing mounting portion, the driving member and the push block are connected via a connecting rod, and the connecting rod passes through the connecting rod through hole.

8. A turning tool holder for machining annular grooves in deep holes according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The tool mounting seat is also provided with a tool limiting hole, the length direction of the tool limiting hole is the same as the radial feed direction of the cutting tool, and a wear-resistant pad is installed between the tool limiting hole and the cutting tool.

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