Centrifugal compressor and supercharger

Abstract

The present invention provides a centrifugal compressor comprising: a housing including an inlet air passage; a compressor impeller disposed in the inlet air passage and having a plurality of blades; a receiving chamber formed in the housing on an upstream side of the inlet air flow relative to the blades; movable members (210, 220) disposed in the receiving chamber and movable to a protruding position protruding into the inlet air passage and a retracted position retracting from the inlet air passage; and one or more slots (300) formed across an inner diameter surface (S3) in the movable members (210, 220) and a side surface (opposing surface (S2)) near the blades.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to a centrifugal compressor and a booster. This application claims the benefit of priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2021-96936, filed on June 9, 2021, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Background Technology

[0002] Centrifugal compressors have a compressor housing with an intake air passage. A compressor impeller is positioned within this intake air passage. If the flow rate of air flowing into the compressor impeller decreases, the compressed air from the compressor impeller will flow backwards in the intake air passage, producing a phenomenon known as surge.

[0003] Patent Document 1 discloses a centrifugal compressor with a throttling mechanism installed in the compressor housing. The throttling mechanism includes a movable member. This movable member is configured to move between a protruding position protruding into the intake air passage and a retracted position retracting from the intake air passage. The throttling mechanism reduces the cross-sectional area of ​​the intake air passage by causing the movable member to protrude into it. When the movable member protrudes into the intake air passage, the air flowing against the flow in the intake air passage is blocked by the movable member. This blocking of the air flowing against the flow in the intake air passage suppresses surge.

[0004] Existing technical documents

[0005] Patent documents

[0006] Patent Document 1: U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2019 / 264710 Summary of the Invention

[0007] The problem that the invention aims to solve

[0008] The air flowing against the flow in the intake air passage contains a swirling component that accompanies the rotation of the compressor impeller. As described in Patent Document 1, when the air flowing against the flow in the intake air passage is blocked by a movable part, the swirling component of the air flowing against the flow causes turbulence in the flow near the leading edge of the compressor impeller, which may generate noise that is considered to be aerodynamic noise.

[0009] The purpose of this disclosure is to provide a centrifugal compressor and a booster that can reduce noise.

[0010] Solution for solving the problem

[0011] To address the aforementioned issues, a centrifugal compressor according to one embodiment of the present disclosure comprises: a housing including an inlet air passage; a compressor impeller disposed in the inlet air passage and having a plurality of blades; a receiving chamber formed in the housing on an upstream side of the inlet air flow relative to the blades; a movable member disposed in the receiving chamber and movable to a protruding position protruding into the inlet air passage and a retracted position retracting from the inlet air passage; and a groove formed across an inner diameter surface of the movable member and a side surface on the blade side.

[0012] The slots may also include multiple spherical slots arranged circumferentially on the compressor impeller.

[0013] The grooves may also include multiple arc-shaped circumferential grooves arranged circumferentially on the compressor impeller.

[0014] Multiple grooves can also be formed separately in the circumferential direction.

[0015] Multiple grooves can also be formed at unequal intervals in the circumferential direction.

[0016] To solve the above-mentioned problems, the booster disclosed herein includes the aforementioned centrifugal compressor.

[0017] Invention Effects

[0018] According to this disclosure, noise can be reduced. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the turbocharger according to the first embodiment.

[0020] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Extraction of the dashed line portion of the image.

[0021] Figure 3 It is an exploded perspective view of the components that make up the linkage mechanism.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic perspective view of the movable part of the first embodiment.

[0023] Figure 5 It means Figure 4 A diagram showing the inner diameter surface of the movable part as viewed from the radial inside.

[0024] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 Sectional view along line VI-VI.

[0025] Figure 7 This is the first diagram used to illustrate the operation of a linkage mechanism.

[0026] Figure 8 This is the second diagram used to illustrate the operation of the linkage mechanism.

[0027] Figure 9 This is the third diagram used to illustrate the operation of the linkage mechanism.

[0028] Figure 10 This is a schematic perspective view of the movable part of the second embodiment.

[0029] Figure 11 This is a schematic perspective view of the movable part of the third embodiment.

[0030] Figure 12 This is a schematic perspective view of the movable part of the fourth embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0031] In the following, one embodiment of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The dimensions, materials, and other specific values ​​shown in the embodiment are merely illustrative for ease of understanding and do not limit the invention unless specifically stated otherwise. Furthermore, in this specification and the accompanying drawings, elements having substantially the same function or structure are labeled with the same reference numerals, and repeated descriptions are omitted. Additionally, elements not directly related to this disclosure are omitted from the illustrations.

[0032] (First Implementation)

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the supercharger TC according to the first embodiment. Figure 1 The arrow L shown indicates the left side of the supercharger TC. Figure 1 The arrow R shown indicates the right side of the turbocharger TC. The compressor housing 100 side of the turbocharger TC, described later, functions as the centrifugal compressor CC. The following description assumes the centrifugal compressor CC is driven by the turbine impeller 8, described later. However, this is not a limitation; the centrifugal compressor CC can be driven by an engine (not shown) or an electric motor (not shown). Thus, the centrifugal compressor CC can be assembled into a device other than the turbocharger TC, or it can be a standalone unit.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, the turbocharger TC includes a turbocharger body 1. The turbocharger body 1 includes a bearing housing 2, a turbine housing 4, a compressor housing (casing) 100, and a linkage mechanism 200. Details of the linkage mechanism 200 will be described later. The turbine housing 4 is connected to the left side of the bearing housing 2 by fastening bolts 3. The compressor housing 100 is connected to the right side of the bearing housing 2 by fastening bolts 5.

[0035] A receiving hole 2a is formed in the bearing housing 2. The receiving hole 2a extends through the bearing housing 2 in the left-right direction of the turbocharger TC. A bearing 6 is disposed in the receiving hole 2a. Figure 1In this example, a fully floating bearing is shown as bearing 6. However, bearing 6 can also be a semi-floating bearing, rolling bearing, or other radial bearing. A portion of a rotating shaft 7 is disposed in the receiving hole 2a. The rotating shaft 7 is supported by bearing 6 to be rotatable. A turbine impeller 8 is provided at the left end of the rotating shaft 7. The turbine impeller 8 is rotatably housed within a turbine housing 4. A compressor impeller 9 is provided at the right end of the rotating shaft 7. In this disclosure, the rotational axis direction, radial direction, and circumferential direction of the rotating shaft 7, turbine impeller 8, and compressor impeller 9 can be simply referred to as the rotational axis direction, radial direction, and circumferential direction, respectively. The compressor impeller 9 is rotatably housed within a compressor housing 100. The compressor impeller 9 has a plurality of long blades 9a and a plurality of short blades 9b formed on the outer circumferential surface of the hub. The plurality of long blades 9a and short blades 9b are alternately separated in the circumferential direction. The plurality of long blades 9a and short blades 9b are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. The leading edge LE of the long blade 9a is located on the side furthest from the bearing housing 2 relative to the leading edge LE of the short blade 9b. In other words, the leading edge LE of the short blade 9b is located on the side closer to the bearing housing 2 relative to the leading edge LE of the long blade 9a. In this embodiment, the compressor impeller 9 has both long blades 9a and short blades 9b, but it is not limited to this; the compressor impeller 9 may also have only either long blades 9a or short blades 9b.

[0036] An air inlet 10 is formed in the compressor housing 100. The air inlet 10 opens to the right side of the booster TC. The air inlet 10 is connected to an air filter (not shown). A diffusion path 11 is formed between the bearing housing 2 and the compressor housing 100. The diffusion path 11 pressurizes the air. The diffusion path 11 is formed in an annular shape from the radial inside to the outer side. The diffusion path 11 communicates with the air inlet 10 via the compressor impeller 9 on the radial inside side.

[0037] Additionally, a compressor vortex flow path 12 is formed in the compressor housing 100. The compressor vortex flow path 12 is located, for example, radially outward from the compressor impeller 9. The compressor vortex flow path 12 communicates with the engine intake (not shown) and the diffuser flow path 11. When the compressor impeller 9 rotates, air is drawn into the compressor housing 100 from the intake port 10. The drawn-in air is pressurized and accelerated as it flows between the blades of the compressor impeller 9. The pressurized and accelerated air is further pressurized in the diffuser flow path 11 and the compressor vortex flow path 12. The pressurized air flows out from the outlet (not shown) and is guided to the engine intake.

[0038] Thus, the booster TC has a centrifugal compressor (compressor) CC that uses centrifugal force to compress fluid. The centrifugal compressor CC includes a compressor housing 100, a compressor impeller 9, and a linkage mechanism 200 described later.

[0039] An exhaust port 13 is formed in the turbine housing 4. The exhaust port 13 opens on the left side of the turbocharger TC. The exhaust port 13 is connected to an exhaust gas purification device (not shown). A connecting flow path 14 and a turbine vortex flow path 15 are formed in the turbine housing 4. The turbine vortex flow path 15 is located radially outward from the turbine impeller 8. The connecting flow path 14 is located between the turbine impeller 8 and the turbine vortex flow path 15.

[0040] The turbine vortex flow path 15 is connected to a gas inlet (not shown). Exhaust gas from the exhaust manifold of the engine (not shown) is guided to the gas inlet. A connecting flow path 14 connects the turbine vortex flow path 15 to the exhaust port 13. The exhaust gas guided from the gas inlet to the turbine vortex flow path 15 is guided to the exhaust port 13 via the connecting flow path 14 and between the blades of the turbine impeller 8. The exhaust gas causes the turbine impeller 8 to rotate during its flow.

[0041] The rotational force of the turbine impeller 8 is transmitted to the compressor impeller 9 via the shaft 7. As described above, the air is pressurized by the rotational force of the compressor impeller 9 and guided to the engine intake.

[0042] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The extracted image is the portion shown by the dashed line. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the compressor housing 100 includes a first housing component 110 and a second housing component 120. Figure 2 In this configuration, the first housing component 110 is located to the right of the second housing component 120 (on the side furthest from the bearing housing 2). The second housing component 120 is connected to the bearing housing 2. The first housing component 110 is connected to the second housing component 120 in the direction of rotation.

[0043] The first housing component 110 is generally cylindrical. A through hole 111 is formed in the first housing component 110. The first housing component 110 has an end face 112 on the side close to (connected to) the second housing component 120. In addition, the first housing component 110 has an end face 113 on the side away from the second housing component 120. An air inlet 10 is formed on the end face 113. The through hole 111 extends from the end face 112 to the end face 113 (air inlet 10) along the rotation axis direction. That is, the through hole 111 penetrates the first housing component 110 along the rotation axis direction. The through hole 111 has an air inlet 10 on the end face 113.

[0044] The through hole 111 has a parallel portion 111a and a reduced-diameter portion 111b. The parallel portion 111a is located closer to the end face 113 than the reduced-diameter portion 111b. The inner diameter of the parallel portion 111a is approximately constant along the entire rotation axis. The reduced-diameter portion 111b is located closer to the end face 112 than the parallel portion 111a. The reduced-diameter portion 111b is continuous with the parallel portion 111a. The inner diameter of the portion of the reduced-diameter portion 111b that is continuous with the parallel portion 111a is approximately equal to the inner diameter of the parallel portion 111a. The inner diameter of the reduced-diameter portion 111b is smaller the further away from the parallel portion 111a (the closer to the end face 112).

[0045] A cutout 112a is formed on end face 112. The cutout 112a is recessed from end face 112 toward end face 113. The cutout 112a is formed on the outer periphery of end face 112. When viewed from the direction of the rotation axis, the cutout 112a is, for example, generally annular.

[0046] Additionally, a receiving chamber AC is formed on end face 112. The receiving chamber AC is formed in the first housing member 110 closer to the inlet 10 than the leading edge LE of the long blade 9a of the compressor impeller 9. The receiving chamber AC includes a receiving groove 112b, a bearing hole 112d, and a receiving hole 115 (see reference 112). Figure 3 ).

[0047] A receiving groove 112b is formed on end face 112. The receiving groove 112b is located between the cutout 112a and the through hole 111. The receiving groove 112b is recessed from end face 112 toward end face 113. When viewed from the direction of rotation axis, the receiving groove 112b is, for example, generally annular. The receiving groove 112b communicates with the through hole 111 on its radially inner side.

[0048] A bearing hole 112d is formed in the wall surface 112c of the receiving groove 112b, which is parallel to the end face 113. The bearing hole 112d extends from the wall surface 112c toward the end face 113 along the direction of rotation. There are two bearing holes 112d arranged far apart in the direction of rotation. The two bearing holes 112d are arranged at a position offset by 180 degrees in the direction of rotation.

[0049] A through hole 121 is formed in the second housing component 120. The second housing component 120 has an end face 122 on the side close to (connected to) the first housing component 110. Additionally, the second housing component 120 has an end face 123 on the side away from the first housing component 110 (the side connected to the bearing housing 2). The through hole 121 extends from the end face 122 to the end face 123 along the rotation axis direction. That is, the through hole 121 penetrates the second housing component 120 along the rotation axis direction.

[0050] The inner diameter of the end near end face 122 in the through hole 121 is approximately equal to the inner diameter of the end near end face 112 in the through hole 111. A protective cover portion 121a is formed on the inner wall of the through hole 121. The protective cover portion 121a is opposed to the compressor impeller 9 from the radially outer side. The outer diameter of the compressor impeller 9 is larger the further away from the leading edge LE of the long blade 9a of the compressor impeller 9 in the direction of rotation axis. The inner diameter of the protective cover portion 121a is larger the further away from end face 122 (the closer to end face 123).

[0051] A receiving groove 122a is formed on end face 122. The receiving groove 122a is recessed from end face 122 toward end face 123. When viewed from the direction of the rotation axis, the receiving groove 122a is, for example, generally annular. A first housing component 110 is inserted into the receiving groove 122a. The end face 112 of the first housing component 110 abuts against the wall surface 122b of the receiving groove 122a that is parallel to the end face 123. At this time, a receiving chamber AC is formed between the first housing component 110 (wall surface 112c) and the second housing component 120 (wall surface 122b).

[0052] An intake air passage 130 is formed by the through hole 111 of the first housing component 110 and the through hole 121 of the second housing component 120. Thus, an intake air passage 130 is formed in the compressor housing 100. The intake air passage 130 connects to the diffuser flow path 11 via the air inlet 10 (not shown) through an air filter. The air filter side (air inlet 10 side) of the intake air passage 130 is designated as the upstream side in the intake air flow, and the diffuser flow path 11 side of the intake air passage 130 is designated as the downstream side in the intake air flow.

[0053] The compressor impeller 9 is disposed in the inlet air passage 130. The cross-sectional shape of the inlet air passage 130 (through holes 111, 121) perpendicular to the direction of rotation axis is, for example, a circle centered on the rotation axis of the compressor impeller 9. However, the cross-sectional shape of the inlet air passage 130 is not limited to this, and may also be, for example, an elliptical shape.

[0054] A seal (not shown) is disposed at the cutout 112a of the first housing component 110. The seal suppresses the flow of air passing through the gap between the first housing component 110 and the second housing component 120. However, the structure of the cutout 112a and the seal is not essential.

[0055] Figure 3 This is an exploded perspective view of the components constituting the linkage mechanism 200. Figure 3 Only the first housing component 110 within the compressor housing 100 is shown. Figure 3As shown, the linkage mechanism 200 includes a first housing component 110, a first movable component 210, a second movable component 220, a connecting component 230, and a rod 240. Hereinafter, the first movable component 210 and the second movable component 220 will also be collectively referred to as movable components 210 and 220. The linkage mechanism 200 is positioned in the rotational axis direction on the upstream side (at the inlet 10 of the air inlet passage 130) of the compressor impeller 9.

[0056] The first movable member 210 is disposed in the storage slot 112b (storage chamber AC). Specifically, the first movable member 210 is disposed in the rotation axis direction on the wall surface 112c of the storage slot 112b and the wall surface 122b of the storage slot 122a (see reference). Figure 2 The first movable member 210 has a facing surface S1 opposite to the wall surface 112c of the receiving groove 112b, a facing surface S2 opposite to the wall surface 122b of the receiving groove 122a, and an inner diameter surface S3. The facing surface S2 is the side surface near the blades 9a and 9b of the compressor impeller 9 in the first movable member 210. The first movable member 210 has a main body portion B1. The main body portion B1 includes a curved portion 211 and an arm portion 212.

[0057] The curved portion 211 extends circumferentially. The curved portion 211 is approximately semi-circular in shape. One end face 211a and the other end face 211b of the curved portion 211 extend parallel to the radial and rotation axis directions. However, one end face 211a and the other end face 211b may also be inclined relative to the radial and rotation axis directions.

[0058] An arm 212 is provided on one end face 211a of the curved portion 211. The arm 212 extends radially outward from the outer peripheral surface 211c of the curved portion 211. Furthermore, the arm 212 extends in a direction inclined relative to the radial direction (towards the second movable member 220).

[0059] The second movable member 220 is disposed in the storage slot 112b (storage chamber AC). Specifically, the second movable member 220 is disposed in the rotation axis direction on the wall surface 112c of the storage slot 112b and the wall surface 122b of the storage slot 122a (see reference). Figure 2 The second movable member 220 has a facing surface S1 opposite to the wall surface 112c of the receiving groove 112b, a facing surface S2 opposite to the wall surface 122b of the receiving groove 122a, and an inner diameter surface S3. The facing surface S2 is the side surface near the blades 9a and 9b of the compressor impeller 9 in the second movable member 220. The second movable member 220 has a main body portion B2. The main body portion B2 is configured to include a curved portion 221 and an arm portion 222.

[0060] The curved portion 221 extends circumferentially. The curved portion 221 is approximately semi-circular in shape. One end face 221a and the other end face 221b of the curved portion 221 extend parallel to the radial and rotation axis directions. However, one end face 221a and the other end face 221b may also be inclined relative to the radial and rotation axis directions.

[0061] An arm 222 is provided on one end face 221a of the curved portion 221. The arm 222 extends radially outward from the outer peripheral surface 221c of the curved portion 221. Furthermore, the arm 222 extends in a direction inclined relative to the radial direction (towards the first movable member 210).

[0062] The curved portion 211 is positioned opposite the curved portion 221 across the rotation center (inlet air passage 130) of the compressor impeller 9. One end face 211a of the curved portion 211 and the other end face 221b of the curved portion 221 are positioned opposite each other in the circumferential direction. The other end face 211b of the curved portion 211 and one end face 221a of the curved portion 221 are positioned opposite each other in the circumferential direction. The first movable member 210 and the second movable member 220, as described in detail later, are configured such that the curved portions 211 and 221 are capable of radial movement.

[0063] Figure 4 This is a schematic perspective view of the movable parts 210 and 220 in the first embodiment. Figure 4 As shown, one or more grooves 300 are formed on the movable parts 210 and 220. The grooves 300 are formed at the inner diameter ends of the opposing surfaces S2 near the blades 9a and 9b of the compressor impeller 9 in the movable parts 210 and 220. The grooves 300 are formed across the inner diameter surface S3 and the opposing surface S2 in the movable parts 210 and 220.

[0064] The groove 300 of the first embodiment includes a plurality of spherical grooves 300a arranged circumferentially. The plurality of spherical grooves 300a are formed adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction. The plurality of spherical grooves 300a have the same size as each other. However, it is not limited to this, the plurality of spherical grooves 300a may also have different sizes and different shapes.

[0065] In the first embodiment, a plurality of spherical grooves 300a are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. A protrusion 302 is formed between the plurality of spherical grooves 300a. The protrusion 302 is formed at a position adjacent to the grooves 300a in the circumferential direction. The protrusion 302 divides the plurality of spherical grooves 300a in the circumferential direction.

[0066] The radially inner end face of the protrusion 302 coincides with the surface of the inner diameter surface S3. Furthermore, the end faces near the blades 9a and 9b of the compressor impeller 9 of the protrusion 302 coincide with the surface of the opposing surface S2. However, this is not a limitation; the radially inner end face of the protrusion 302 may protrude radially inward relative to the inner diameter surface S3, or it may be recessed radially outward relative to the inner diameter surface S3. Additionally, the end faces near the blades 9a and 9b of the compressor impeller 9 of the protrusion 302 may protrude towards the blades 9a and 9b relative to the opposing surface S2, or it may be recessed away from the blades 9a and 9b relative to the opposing surface S2.

[0067] In the first embodiment, an example of providing multiple spherical grooves 300a and protrusions 302 on the movable members 210 and 220 was described. However, it is also possible to provide a single spherical groove 300a and protrusion 302 on the movable members 210 and 220. It is sufficient to provide at least one groove 300a and protrusion 302 on the movable members 210 and 220. Therefore, for example, only one spherical groove 300a may be formed on the movable members 210 and 220. In this case, the single groove 300a may be formed only on one of the first movable member 210 and the second movable member 220, or it may be formed across both the first movable member 210 and the second movable member 220.

[0068] Figure 5 It means Figure 4 The diagram shows the inner diameter surface S3 of the movable parts 210 and 220 viewed from the radial inside. (See diagram for reference.) Figure 5 As shown, multiple spherical grooves 300a are formed on the inner diameter surface S3, thus forming an arc-shaped end 310 in the direction toward the blades 9a and 9b of the compressor impeller 9. The arc-shaped end 310 has a shape that is inclined circumferentially to the direction R1 relative to the rotation axis.

[0069] return Figure 3 The connecting member 230 is connected to the first movable member 210 and the second movable member 220. The connecting member 230 is located closer to the air inlet 10 than the first movable member 210 and the second movable member 220. The connecting member 230 is generally arc-shaped. A first bearing hole 231 is formed at one end of the connecting member 230 in the circumferential direction, and a second bearing hole 232 is formed at the other end. The first bearing hole 231 and the second bearing hole 232 are open at the end faces 233 near the first movable member 210 and the second movable member 220 in the connecting member 230. The first bearing hole 231 and the second bearing hole 232 extend in the direction of rotation. Here, the first bearing hole 231 and the second bearing hole 232 are non-through holes. However, the first bearing hole 231 and the second bearing hole 232 may also penetrate the connecting member 230 in the direction of rotation.

[0070] A rod connection portion 234 is formed on the connecting member 230 between the first bearing hole 231 and the second bearing hole 232. The rod connection portion 234 is formed on the end face 235 of the connecting member 230 on the side opposite to the first movable member 210 and the second movable member 220. The rod connection portion 234 protrudes from the end face 235 in the direction of rotation axis. The rod connection portion 234 is, for example, generally cylindrical in shape.

[0071] The rod 240 is generally cylindrical. A flat portion 241 is formed at one end of the rod 240, and a connecting portion 243 is formed at the other end. The flat portion 241 extends in a plane direction generally perpendicular to the direction of the rotation axis. A bearing hole 242 is opened in the flat portion 241. The bearing hole 242 extends in the direction of the rotation axis. The connecting portion 243 has a connecting hole 243a. An actuator, described later, is connected to the connecting portion 243 (connecting hole 243a). The bearing hole 242 may also be, for example, in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the rotation axis and the axial direction of the rod 240 (described later). Figure 7 The elongated hole (in the left-right direction) is longer than the axial length of rod 240.

[0072] On the rod 240, a large-diameter portion 244 and two small-diameter portions 245 are formed between the flat portion 241 and the connecting portion 243. The large-diameter portion 244 is disposed between the two small-diameter portions 245. The small-diameter portions 245 near the flat portion 241 connect the large-diameter portion 244 and the flat portion 241. The small-diameter portions 245 near the connecting portion 243 connect the large-diameter portion 244 to the connecting portion 243. The outer diameter of the large-diameter portion 244 is larger than the outer diameter of the two small-diameter portions 245.

[0073] A through hole 114 is formed in the first housing component 110. One end 114a of the through hole 114 opens to the outside of the first housing component 110. The through hole 114 extends in a planar direction, for example, perpendicular to the direction of the rotation axis. The through hole 114 is located radially outward from the through hole 111 (air inlet path 130). The planar portion 241 of the rod 240 is inserted into the through hole 114. The large diameter portion 244 of the rod is guided by the inner wall surface of the through hole 114. Movement of the rod 240 other than in the direction of the central axis of the through hole 114 (the direction of the central axis of the rod 240) is restricted.

[0074] A receiving hole 115 is formed in the first housing component 110. The receiving hole 115 opens into the wall surface 112c of the receiving groove 112b. The receiving hole 115 is recessed from the wall surface 112c toward the air inlet 10. The receiving hole 115 is located further away from the air inlet 10 than the through hole 114 (near the second housing component 120). When viewed from the direction of rotation axis, the receiving hole 115 is generally arc-shaped. The receiving hole 115 extends longer than the connecting component 230 in the circumferential direction. The receiving hole 115 is separated from the bearing hole 112d in the circumferential direction.

[0075] A communicating hole 116 is formed in the first housing component 110. The communicating hole 116 connects the insertion hole 114 and the receiving hole 115. The communicating hole 116 is formed in the approximately middle portion of the circumferential direction in the receiving hole 115. The communicating hole 116 is, for example, an elongated hole extending approximately parallel to the extending direction of the insertion hole 114. The width of the communicating hole 116 in the long side direction (extending direction) is greater than the width in the short side direction (the direction perpendicular to the extending direction). The width of the insertion hole 114 in the short side direction is greater than the outer diameter of the rod connection portion 234 of the connecting component 230.

[0076] The connecting member 230 is housed in the receiving hole 115 (receiving chamber AC). Thus, the first movable member 210, the second movable member 220, and the connecting member 230 are arranged within the receiving chamber AC formed in the first housing member 110. The receiving hole 115 is longer than the connecting member 230 in the circumferential direction and also larger in the radial direction. Therefore, it allows the connecting member 230 to move within the receiving hole 115 in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis.

[0077] The rod connector 234 is inserted through the connecting hole 116 into the insertion hole 114. The flat portion 241 of the rod 240 is inserted through the insertion hole 114. The bearing hole 242 of the flat portion 241 is opposite to the connecting hole 116. The rod connector 234 is inserted (connected) to the bearing hole 242. The rod connector 234 is supported by the bearing hole 242.

[0078] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 A sectional view along line VI-VI. (See example) Figure 6 As shown, multiple spherical grooves 300a are formed on the opposing surfaces S2 of the movable parts 210 and 220, thus forming an arc-shaped end 320 on the radially inner side. The arc end 320 has a shape that is inclined in the circumferential direction RD relative to the radial direction R2.

[0079] In addition, such as Figure 6 As shown by the dashed line, the first movable member 210 has a connecting shaft portion 213 and a rotating shaft portion 214. The connecting shaft portion 213 and the rotating shaft portion 214 are located at the opposing surface S1 (see reference 112c) of the first movable member 210. Figure 2The connecting shaft portion 213 and the rotating shaft portion 214 protrude in the direction of the rotation axis. Figure 5 It extends inwards from the center of the paper. The rotating shaft portion 214 extends parallel to the connecting shaft portion 213. Both the connecting shaft portion 213 and the rotating shaft portion 214 are approximately cylindrical in shape.

[0080] The outer diameter of the connecting shaft portion 213 is smaller than the inner diameter of the first bearing hole 231 of the connecting member 230. The connecting shaft portion 213 is inserted into the first bearing hole 231. The connecting shaft portion 213 is rotatably supported in the first bearing hole 231. The outer diameter of the rotating shaft portion 214 is smaller than the inner diameter of the bearing hole 112d of the first housing member 110. The rotating shaft portion 214 is inserted into the bearing hole 112d on the upper vertical side (the side closest to the rod 240) of the two bearing holes 112d. The rotating shaft portion 214 is rotatably supported in the bearing hole 112d. The rotating shaft portion 214 connects the first movable member 210 and the wall surface 112c opposite to the first movable member 210 in the rotation axis direction.

[0081] The second movable member 220 has a connecting shaft portion 223 and a rotating shaft portion 224. The connecting shaft portion 223 and the rotating shaft portion 224 are located at the opposing surface S1 (see reference 112c) of the second movable member 220. Figure 2 The connecting shaft portion 223 and the rotating shaft portion 224 protrude towards the direction of the rotation axis. Figure 4 It extends inwards from the center of the paper. The rotating shaft portion 224 extends parallel to the connecting shaft portion 223. Both the connecting shaft portion 223 and the rotating shaft portion 224 are approximately cylindrical in shape.

[0082] The outer diameter of the connecting shaft portion 223 is smaller than the inner diameter of the second bearing hole 232 of the connecting member 230. The connecting shaft portion 223 is inserted into the second bearing hole 232. The connecting shaft portion 223 is rotatably supported in the second bearing hole 232. The outer diameter of the rotating shaft portion 224 is smaller than the inner diameter of the bearing hole 112d of the first housing member 110. The rotating shaft portion 224 is inserted into the bearing hole 112d on the vertically lower side (the side away from the rod 240) of the two bearing holes 112d. The rotating shaft portion 224 is rotatably supported in the bearing hole 112d. The rotating shaft portion 224 connects the second movable member 220 and the wall surface 112c opposite to the second movable member 220 in the rotation axis direction.

[0083] Thus, the linkage mechanism 200 consists of a four-section linkage. The four links (sections) are the first movable part 210, the second movable part 220, the first housing part 110, and the connecting part 230. Since the linkage mechanism 200 consists of a four-section linkage, it forms a limited interlock, providing one degree of freedom, which is easy to control.

[0084] Figure 7 This is the first diagram used to illustrate the operation of the linkage mechanism 200. In the following... Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 The diagram shows the linkage mechanism 200 as viewed from the air inlet 10 side. (See diagram below.) Figure 7 As shown, one end of the drive shaft 251 of the actuator 250 is connected to the connecting part 243 of the rod 240.

[0085] exist Figure 7 In the configuration shown, the first movable member 210 and the second movable member 220 abut against each other. At this time, as... Figure 2 , Figure 6 As shown, the protrusion 215 of the first movable member 210, which is the radially inner portion, protrudes (exposes) into the air intake passage 130. The protrusion 225 of the second movable member 220, which is the radially inner portion, protrudes (exposes) into the air intake passage 130. The positions of the first movable member 210 and the second movable member 220 at this time are referred to as the protruding position (or throttling position). Figure 2 As shown, the inner circumferential surface of the protrusions 215 and 225 is the inner diameter surface S3. Thus, the protrusions 215 and 225 include the inner diameter surface S3.

[0086] like Figure 7 As shown, at the protruding position, the circumferential ends 215a and 215b of the protrusion 215 abut against the circumferential ends 225a and 225b of the protrusion 225. An annular hole 260 is formed by the protrusions 215 and 225. The inner diameter of the annular hole 260 is smaller than the inner diameter of the protruding portions of the protrusions 215 and 225 in the air intake passage 130. The inner diameter of the annular hole 260 is smaller than, for example, the inner diameter of any portion of the air intake passage 130.

[0087] Figure 8 This is the second diagram used to illustrate the operation of the linkage mechanism 200. Figure 9 This is the third figure illustrating the operation of the linkage mechanism 200. The actuator 250 causes the link 240 to move in a direction intersecting the rotation axis direction (…). Figure 8 , Figure 9 The rod moves linearly upwards (in the vertical direction). Rod 240... Figure 7 The indicated state moves upwards. (And...) Figure 8 Compared to the configuration, Figure 9 configuration relative to Figure 7 The configuration of the rod 240 has a large range of movement.

[0088] When the rod 240 moves, the connecting member 230 moves via the rod connection portion 234 to... Figure 8 , Figure 9The upper part of the rod 240 moves. At this time, rotation of the connecting member 230 around the rod connection 234 is permitted. Furthermore, there is a slight clearance between the inner diameter of the bearing hole 242 of the rod 240 and the outer diameter of the rod connection 234. Therefore, slight movement of the connecting member 230 in the plane direction perpendicular to the rotation axis is permitted.

[0089] As described above, the linkage mechanism 200 is a four-link mechanism. The connecting member 230, the first movable member 210, and the second movable member 220 exhibit one degree of freedom of movement relative to the first housing member 110. Specifically, the connecting member 230, within the aforementioned permissible range, Figure 8 , Figure 9 In the middle, it rotates slightly counterclockwise while swinging slightly left and right.

[0090] The rotation shaft portion 214 of the first movable member 210 is supported on the first housing member 110. Movement of the rotation shaft portion 214 in the plane direction perpendicular to the rotation axis direction is restricted. The connecting shaft portion 213 is supported on the connecting member 230. Since movement of the connecting member 230 is permitted, the connecting shaft portion 213 can move in the plane direction perpendicular to the rotation axis direction. As a result, along with the movement of the connecting member 230, the first movable member 210 rotates about the rotation shaft portion 214 as a center of rotation. Figure 8 , Figure 9 Rotate clockwise within.

[0091] Similarly, the rotation shaft portion 224 of the second movable member 220 is supported on the first housing member 110. Movement of the rotation shaft portion 224 in the plane direction perpendicular to the rotation axis direction is restricted. The connecting shaft portion 223 is supported on the connecting member 230. Since movement of the connecting member 230 is permitted, the connecting shaft portion 223 can move in the plane direction perpendicular to the rotation axis direction. As a result, along with the movement of the connecting member 230, the second movable member 220 rotates about the rotation shaft portion 224 as a center of rotation. Figure 8 , Figure 9 Rotate clockwise within.

[0092] Thus, the first movable part 210 and the second movable part 220 are in accordance with Figure 8 , Figure 9 The protrusions 215 and 225 move in a sequence toward mutual separation. They move radially outward from their protruding positions (retracted positions). In the retracted positions, for example, the protrusions 215 and 225 are flush with the inner wall surface of the air intake passage 130, or are located radially outward from the inner wall surface of the air intake passage 130. When moving from the retracted positions to the protruding positions, according to... Figure 9 , Figure 8 , Figure 7In sequence, the first movable member 210 and the second movable member 220 approach and abut against each other. In this way, the first movable member 210 and the second movable member 220 switch between a protruding position and a retracted position according to the rotation angle with the rotating shafts 214 and 224 as the rotation center.

[0093] Thus, the first movable member 210 and the second movable member 220 are configured to move between a protruding position protruding into the air intake passage 130 and a retracted position retracting from the air intake passage 130. In this embodiment, the first movable member 210 and the second movable member 220 move radially. However, this is not a limitation; the first movable member 210 and the second movable member 220 may also rotate about the rotation axis (circumferential direction) of the compressor impeller 9. For example, the first movable member 210 and the second movable member 220 may also be shutter blades having two or more blades.

[0094] When the first movable member 210 and the second movable member 220 are in the retracted position, they do not protrude into the intake air passage 130, thus reducing the pressure loss of the intake air flowing in the intake air passage 130.

[0095] In addition, such as Figure 2 As shown, in the first movable member 210 and the second movable member 220, in the protruding position, protrusions 215 and 225 are disposed within the air intake passage 130. When the first movable member 210 and the second movable member 220 are in the protruding position, the cross-sectional area of ​​the air intake passage 130 becomes smaller.

[0096] As the flow rate of air flowing into the compressor impeller 9 decreases, there is a situation where the air compressed by the compressor impeller 9 flows in reverse in the intake airflow path 130 (i.e., the air flows from the downstream side to the upstream side).

[0097] like Figure 2 As shown, when the first movable member 210 and the second movable member 220 are in the protruding position, the protrusions 215 and 225 are located radially inward from the outermost diameter end of the leading edge LE of the long blade 9a of the compressor impeller 9. Therefore, the air flowing backward in the intake air passage 130 is blocked by the protrusions 215 and 225. Thus, the first movable member 210 and the second movable member 220 can suppress the backflow of air within the intake air passage 130.

[0098] Furthermore, since the cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet air passage 130 is reduced, the velocity of the air flowing into the compressor impeller 9 increases. As a result, surge in the centrifugal compressor CC can be suppressed. That is, by holding the first movable member 210 and the second movable member 220 in the protruding position, the centrifugal compressor CC of this embodiment can expand its operating area towards the low flow rate side.

[0099] Thus, the first movable member 210 and the second movable member 220 are configured as throttling members to restrict the flow of air into the intake airway 130. That is, in this embodiment, the linkage mechanism 200 is configured as a throttling mechanism to restrict the flow of air into the intake airway 130. The first movable member 210 and the second movable member 220 are driven by the linkage mechanism 200, which enables the flow path cross-sectional area of ​​the intake airway 130 to change.

[0100] The air flowing against the flow in the intake air passage 130 contains a swirling component that accompanies the rotation of the compressor impeller 9. When the movable parts 210 and 220 block the air flowing against the flow in the intake air passage 130, the flow near the leading edge LE of the long blades 9a of the compressor impeller 9 becomes turbulent due to the swirling component of the air flowing against the flow, sometimes producing noise that is thought to be aerodynamic noise.

[0101] Therefore, in this embodiment, grooves 300 are formed in the movable parts 210 and 220. The grooves 300 are formed across the inner diameter surface S3 and the opposing surface S2 in the movable parts 210 and 220. The opposing surface S2 is the side surface near the blades 9a and 9b of the compressor impeller 9 in the movable parts 210 and 220. Therefore, by forming grooves 300 in the opposing surface S2, air flowing in the opposite direction in the intake air passage 130 enters the grooves 300 and collides with the protrusions 302 in the circumferential direction, thereby reducing the swirling flow component.

[0102] When the slot 300 is formed only on the opposing surface S2, that is, when the slot 300 is blocked by a component on its radially inner side, it is difficult for the counter-current air in the air intake path 130 to flow into the slot 300. In this embodiment, the slot 300 is formed across the opposing surface S2 and the inner diameter surface S3, thereby opening the radially inner side of the slot 300 without a component. By opening the radially inner side of the slot 300, compared to the case where the slot 300 is formed only on the opposing surface S2, it is possible for the counter-current air to flow into the slot 300 more easily. As a result, the swirling component of the counter-current air can be effectively reduced.

[0103] Furthermore, using the groove 300, an arcuate end 310 is formed on the inner diameter surface S3 near the blades 9a and 9b of the compressor impeller 9. The arcuate end 310 has a shape that is inclined circumferentially to the direction RD relative to the rotation axis direction R1. Using the arcuate end 310, countercurrent air can flow smoothly into or out of the groove 300, thereby reducing pressure loss.

[0104] Furthermore, an arc-shaped end 320 is formed radially inside the opposing surface S2 using the groove 300. The arc-shaped end 320 has a shape that is inclined circumferentially to the RD relative to the radial direction R2. The arc-shaped end 320 allows counter-current air to flow smoothly into or out of the groove 300, thereby reducing pressure loss.

[0105] Furthermore, the trough 300 has a spherical shape, which reduces the number of corners that would be present in a cuboid shape. Therefore, the spherical shape of the trough 300 allows for a smoother reduction of the swirling flow component compared to a cuboid shape.

[0106] (Second Implementation)

[0107] Figure 10 This is a schematic perspective view of the movable parts 1210 and 1220 of the second embodiment. For components substantially equivalent to the centrifugal compressor CC of the above embodiment, the same reference numerals are used, and descriptions are omitted. The shape of the groove 400 in the movable parts 1210 and 1220 of the second embodiment differs from that of the movable parts 210 and 220 of the first embodiment.

[0108] like Figure 10 As shown, one or more grooves 400 are formed on the movable parts 1210 and 1220. The grooves 400 are formed across the inner diameter surface S3 and the opposing surface S2 of the movable parts 1210 and 1220.

[0109] The groove 400 of the second embodiment includes a plurality of arc-shaped peripheral grooves 400a arranged circumferentially. The plurality of arc-shaped peripheral grooves 400a extend circumferentially. The peripheral grooves 400a are longer in the circumferential direction than the spherical groove 300a of the first embodiment. Furthermore, the plurality of arc-shaped peripheral grooves 400a are formed adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction. The plurality of arc-shaped peripheral grooves 400a have the same size as each other. However, this is not a limitation; the plurality of arc-shaped peripheral grooves 400a may also have different sizes and different shapes.

[0110] In the second embodiment, a plurality of arc-shaped peripheral grooves 400a are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. A protrusion 402 is formed between the plurality of arc-shaped peripheral grooves 400a. The protrusion 402 is formed at a position adjacent to the peripheral groove 400a in the circumferential direction. The protrusion 402 divides the plurality of arc-shaped peripheral grooves 400a in the circumferential direction.

[0111] In the second embodiment, an example of providing multiple arc-shaped peripheral grooves 400a and protrusions 402 in the movable members 1210 and 1220 has been described. However, a single arc-shaped peripheral groove 400a and protrusion 402 may also be provided in the movable members 1210 and 1220. Providing at least one peripheral groove 400a and protrusion 402 in the movable members 1210 and 1220 is sufficient. Therefore, for example, only one arc-shaped peripheral groove 400a may be formed in the movable members 1210 and 1220. In this case, the single peripheral groove 400a may be formed only in one of the first movable member 1210 and the second movable member 1220, or it may be formed across both the first movable member 1210 and the second movable member 1220.

[0112] According to the second embodiment, by extending the slot 400 in an arc shape in the circumferential direction, the number of slots 400 and protrusions 402 can be reduced compared to the first embodiment. The more times the protrusions 402 collide with the counter-flowing air, the greater the pressure loss and the lower the compressor efficiency. Therefore, by reducing the number of protrusions 402, the reduction in compressor efficiency can be suppressed compared to the first embodiment.

[0113] (Third Implementation)

[0114] Figure 11 This is a schematic perspective view of the movable parts 2210 and 2220 of the third embodiment. For components substantially equivalent to the centrifugal compressor CC of the above embodiments, the same reference numerals are used and descriptions are omitted. The shape of the groove 500 in the movable parts 2210 and 2220 of the third embodiment differs from that of the movable parts 210 and 220 of the first embodiment and the movable parts 1210 and 1220 of the second embodiment.

[0115] like Figure 11 As shown, one or more slots 500 are formed in the movable parts 2210 and 2220. The slots 500 are formed across the inner diameter surface S3 and the opposing surface S2 in the movable parts 2210 and 2220.

[0116] The groove 500 of the third embodiment includes a plurality of arc-shaped peripheral grooves 500a arranged circumferentially. The plurality of arc-shaped peripheral grooves 500a extend circumferentially. The peripheral grooves 500a are longer in the circumferential direction than the spherical groove 300a of the first embodiment. Furthermore, the plurality of arc-shaped peripheral grooves 500a are formed separately from each other in the circumferential direction. The plurality of arc-shaped peripheral grooves 500a have the same size as each other. However, this is not a limitation; the plurality of arc-shaped peripheral grooves 500a may also have different sizes and different shapes.

[0117] In the third embodiment, a plurality of arc-shaped peripheral grooves 500a are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. A protrusion 502 is formed between the plurality of arc-shaped peripheral grooves 500a. The protrusion 502 is formed at a position adjacent to the peripheral groove 500a in the circumferential direction. The protrusion 502 divides the plurality of arc-shaped peripheral grooves 500a in the circumferential direction.

[0118] In the third embodiment, an example of providing multiple arc-shaped peripheral grooves 500a and protrusions 502 in the movable members 2210 and 2220 has been described. However, a single arc-shaped peripheral groove 500a and protrusion 502 may also be provided in the movable members 2210 and 2220. Providing at least one peripheral groove 500a and protrusion 502 in the movable members 2210 and 2220 is sufficient. Therefore, for example, only one arc-shaped peripheral groove 500a may be formed in the movable members 2210 and 2220. In this case, the single peripheral groove 500a may be formed only in one of the first movable member 2210 and the second movable member 2220, or it may be formed across both the first movable member 2210 and the second movable member 2220.

[0119] According to the third embodiment, by forming a plurality of circumferential grooves 500a that are circumferentially separated from each other, the number of grooves 500 and protrusions 502 formed on the movable parts 2210 and 2220 can be adjusted. The more times the protrusions 502 collide with the counter-flowing air, the greater the pressure loss and the lower the compressor efficiency. Therefore, by adjusting the number of protrusions 502, the compressor efficiency can be adjusted.

[0120] (Fourth Implementation)

[0121] Figure 12 This is a schematic perspective view of the movable parts 3210 and 3220 of the fourth embodiment. For components substantially equivalent to the centrifugal compressor CC of the above embodiments, the same reference numerals are used, and descriptions are omitted. The shape of the groove 600 in the movable parts 3210 and 3220 of the fourth embodiment differs from that of the movable parts 210 and 220 of the first embodiment, the movable parts 1210 and 1220 of the second embodiment, and the movable parts 2210 and 2220 of the third embodiment.

[0122] like Figure 12 As shown, one or more grooves 600 are formed on the movable parts 3210 and 3220. The grooves 600 are formed across the inner diameter surface S3 and the opposing surface S2 of the movable parts 3210 and 3220.

[0123] The groove 600 in the fourth embodiment includes a plurality of spherical grooves 600a arranged circumferentially. In the fourth embodiment, the plurality of spherical grooves 600a are formed only in the second movable member 3220. However, this is not a limitation; the plurality of spherical grooves 600a may be formed only in the first movable member 3210, or they may be formed in both the first movable member 3210 and the second movable member 3220.

[0124] Multiple spherical grooves 600a are formed circumferentially apart. The multiple spherical grooves 600a have the same size as each other. The multiple spherical grooves 600a have, for example, the same size as the spherical groove 300a of the first embodiment. However, this is not a limitation; the multiple spherical grooves 600a may also have different sizes than the spherical groove 300a of the first embodiment. Furthermore, the multiple spherical grooves 600a may also have different sizes and different shapes.

[0125] In the fourth embodiment, a plurality of spherical grooves 600a are formed at unequal intervals in the circumferential direction. A protrusion 602 is formed between the plurality of spherical grooves 600a. The protrusion 602 is formed at a position adjacent to the groove 600a in the circumferential direction. The protrusion 602 divides the plurality of spherical grooves 600a in the circumferential direction.

[0126] In the fourth embodiment, an example of providing multiple spherical grooves 600a and protrusions 602 on the movable members 3210 and 3220 has been described. However, a single spherical groove 600a and protrusion 602 may also be provided on the movable members 3210 and 3220. Providing at least one groove 600a and protrusion 602 on the movable members 3210 and 3220 is sufficient. Therefore, for example, only one spherical groove 600a may be formed on the movable members 3210 and 3220. In this case, the single groove 600a may be formed only on one of the first movable member 3210 and the second movable member 3220, or it may be formed across both the first movable member 3210 and the second movable member 3220.

[0127] According to the fourth embodiment, by arranging the multiple slots 600 at unequal intervals in the circumferential direction, it is possible to reduce the induction of vibration of the compressor impeller 9 caused by the collision of the protrusion 602 with the counterflowing air.

[0128] The present invention has been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it is self-evident that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. Those skilled in the art will be able to conceive of various modifications or alterations within the scope of the claims, and these naturally fall within the technical scope of this disclosure.

[0129] Symbol Explanation

[0130] CC—Centrifugal compressor; S2—Opposing surface (side); S3—Inner diameter surface; TC—Booster; 9—Compressor impeller; 9a—Blade; 100—Compressor housing; 130—Inlet airflow path; 210—First movable part; 220—Second movable part; 300—Slot; 300a—Slot; 400—Slot; 400a—Circumferential slot; 500—Slot; 500a—Circumferential slot; 600—Slot; 600a—Slot; 1210—First movable part; 1220—Second movable part; 2210—First movable part; 2220—Second movable part; 3210—First movable part; 3220—Second movable part.

Claims

1. A centrifugal compressor characterized by, have: The housing includes an air intake passage; A compressor impeller is disposed in the inlet air passage and has multiple blades; A receiving chamber is formed in the housing on the upstream side of the air intake flow, which is closer to the blades; A movable part, which is disposed in the storage chamber, and is capable of moving to a protruding position protruding into the air intake passage and a retracted position retracting from the air intake passage; One or more grooves are formed across the inner diameter surface of the movable member and the side surface near the blade; as well as One or more protrusions are formed at a position adjacent to the groove in the circumferential direction of the compressor impeller. The movable part has a first movable part and a second movable part. A single slot is formed spanning both the first movable member and the second movable member.

2. The centrifugal compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grooves include a plurality of spherical grooves arranged circumferentially on the compressor impeller.

3. The centrifugal compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grooves include a plurality of arc-shaped circumferential grooves arranged circumferentially on the compressor impeller.

4. The centrifugal compressor according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The plurality of grooves are formed separately from each other in the circumferential direction.

5. The centrifugal compressor according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The plurality of grooves are formed at unequal intervals in the circumferential direction.

6. A supercharger characterized by, have: The centrifugal compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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