A method for processing L-shaped thin-walled irregular parts

Abstract

This invention provides a method for machining L-shaped thin-walled irregular parts, comprising: creating a three-dimensional digital model of the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part; extending the length, width, height, and thickness of the model using the right-angle inflection point as a reference point while retaining the outline of the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part, then mirroring and rotating it circumferentially to form a U-shaped process body model; machining the U-shaped process body; generating a machining path according to the outline, and machining multiple L-shaped thin-walled irregular parts as semi-finished products along the machining path in the U-shaped process body; heat-treating the U-shaped process body; separating the L-shaped thin-walled irregular parts as semi-finished products; and finishing the semi-finished products to obtain multiple L-shaped thin-walled irregular parts. This machining method does not directly perform machining and heat treatment on the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part, effectively solving the problems of deformation exceeding tolerances and cracks at right angles. It also eliminates the need for specialized tooling, allowing multiple parts to be machined from a single blank, and saving clamping and tool setting time by generating machining paths based on the outline.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of thin-walled special-shaped part processing, and specifically relates to a processing method for L-shaped thin-walled special-shaped parts. Background Art

[0002] Vane templates, vane basin templates, and vane back templates are used to detect the deviation degree of the compressor impeller profile dimensions. Their length and width dimensions are much larger than the thickness dimension, and they are L-shaped thin-walled special-shaped parts. Their spatial dimensions and geometric tolerances have relatively high requirements. During the machining process, they are prone to force deformation, heat deformation, and residual stress deformation, resulting in deformation exceeding the tolerance. Moreover, cracks are likely to occur at the right angles due to the concentration of machining residual stress or heat treatment stress. In addition, the existing processing methods for L-shaped thin-walled special-shaped parts generally require designing special machining and heat treatment tooling according to their internal and external dimensions, and have relatively high requirements for tooling design. At the same time, the tooling cannot be universal, resulting in a long processing cycle and high manufacturing cost for L-shaped thin-walled special-shaped parts.

[0003] Therefore, there is a need to improve the processing method for L-shaped thin-walled special-shaped parts. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the existing processing method for L-shaped thin-walled special-shaped parts, such as easy deformation exceeding the tolerance of parts, easy cracking at right angles, need to design special tooling, long processing cycle, and high manufacturing cost, and to provide a processing method for L-shaped thin-walled special-shaped parts.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A processing method for L-shaped thin-walled special-shaped parts, which is characterized by including the following steps:

[0007] Step 1, according to the external dimensions of the L-shaped thin-walled special-shaped part to be obtained, create a three-dimensional digital model of the L-shaped thin-walled special-shaped part;

[0008] Step 2, based on the drawn three-dimensional digital model, with the right-angle inflection point as the reference point, extend the length, width, height, and thickness of the three-dimensional digital model and retain the contour line of the L-shaped thin-walled special-shaped part, then mirror-copy it up and down and rotate it 180° circumferentially to form a double-square-loop-shaped process body model;

[0009] Step 3, according to the formed double-square-loop-shaped process body model, process the double-square-loop-shaped process body;

[0010] Step 4, generate a processing route according to the contour line of the L-shaped thin-walled special-shaped part on the double-square-loop-shaped process body model, and symmetrically process multiple semi-finished L-shaped thin-walled special-shaped parts on the outer part of the double-square-loop-shaped process body along the processing route through numerical control machining;

[0011] Step 5: Heat-treat the U-shaped process body containing multiple L-shaped thin-walled irregular semi-finished parts;

[0012] Step 6: Separate multiple L-shaped thin-walled irregular-shaped semi-finished products from the U-shaped process body;

[0013] Step 7: Perform finishing on the separated L-shaped thin-walled irregular parts to obtain the desired L-shaped thin-walled irregular parts.

[0014] Further, step 3 includes: selecting bar stock or sheet stock as blanks to process the shaped process body according to the designed shaped process body model.

[0015] Furthermore, step 3 includes the following sub-steps:

[0016] Step 3.1: The blank is machined into a cuboid by turning and milling.

[0017] Step 3.2: The blank is machined into a U-shape by wire cutting to obtain a U-shaped workpiece.

[0018] Further, step 6 includes: cutting multiple L-shaped thin-walled irregular semi-finished parts from the U-shaped process body by wire cutting.

[0019] Furthermore, step 7 includes the following sub-steps:

[0020] Step 7.1: Grind multiple reference surfaces of multiple L-shaped thin-walled irregular parts semi-finished products respectively;

[0021] Step 7.2: Using the reference plane as the positioning reference plane, perform finishing on the other surfaces of the multiple L-shaped thin-walled irregular parts semi-finished products to obtain multiple L-shaped thin-walled irregular parts as required.

[0022] Furthermore, the processing method also includes the following steps:

[0023] Step 8: Perform surface treatment on the obtained L-shaped thin-walled irregular parts.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0025] 1. According to the processing method of the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part of the present invention, a three-dimensional digital model of the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part is created and a U-shaped process body is designed. The U-shaped process body with the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part is machined and heat-treated instead of directly machining and heat-treating the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part. Since the U-shaped process body has high overall rigidity, the stress is relatively uniform during machining, reducing stress concentration and deformation. The stress distribution is uniform during heat treatment, which can effectively solve the problems of deformation deviation and cracks at right angles in the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part.

[0026] 2. The processing method for L-shaped thin-walled irregular parts of the present invention does not require the design of special tooling. The required parts are obtained by directly designing a U-shaped process body according to the size of the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part. The method is simple and universal, and the processing technology is simple and the manufacturing cost is low. In addition, multiple required parts can be processed from one blank. The processing route is generated according to the outline of the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part on the U-shaped process body model, so that all the L-shaped thin-walled irregular parts semi-finished products on half of the U-shaped process body can be processed with only one clamping and tool setting. This saves clamping and tool setting time, shortens the processing cycle, improves production efficiency, and saves manpower. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The features and advantages of the invention will become more readily apparent from the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are not drawn to scale and some features are enlarged or reduced to show details of specific parts.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a processing method for an L-shaped thin-walled irregular part according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional digital model created in the processing method of an L-shaped thin-walled irregular part according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a U-shaped process body containing a semi-finished L-shaped thin-walled irregular part processed according to a processing route in a processing method for an L-shaped thin-walled irregular part according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the processing route in the processing method of the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, wherein half of the square-shaped process body with right-angled inflection point is unfolded into a plane;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the wire cutting path for separating the semi-finished L-shaped thin-walled part from the U-shaped process body in a processing method for an L-shaped thin-walled part according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the reference plane of the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part in a processing method of the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure label:

[0035] The length of LL type thin-walled special-shaped parts, the width of WL type thin-walled special-shaped parts, the height of HL type thin-walled special-shaped parts, and the thickness of TL type thin-walled special-shaped parts;

[0036] L1 - Length of the square-shaped workpiece, W1 - Width of the square-shaped workpiece, H1 - Height of the square-shaped workpiece, T1 - Thickness of the square-shaped workpiece;

[0037] P - line cutting path, h - cutting depth;

[0038] A, B, C, D, E - Reference planes. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and exemplary embodiments thereof. It should be noted that the following detailed description is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, the same reference numerals are used to denote the same parts in the various drawings.

[0040] Now refer to Figures 1 to 6 The processing method of the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part provided by the present invention is described.

[0041] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a processing method for an L-shaped thin-walled irregular part according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the processing method of the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part, which is an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, may include step S1: creating a three-dimensional digital model of the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part according to the required external dimensions of the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part, specifically the length L, width W, height H and thickness T of the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part.

[0042] The 3D digital model of the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part can be found in [reference]. Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional digital model created in the processing method of an L-shaped thin-walled irregular part according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 As shown, the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part includes two arms.

[0043] The processing method for the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part of the present invention may further include step S2: based on the drawn three-dimensional digital model, taking the right-angle inflection point as the reference point, extending the length, width, height, and thickness of the three-dimensional digital model while retaining the outline of the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part, then mirroring it vertically and rotating it circumferentially by 180° to form a U-shaped process body model. The structure of the U-shaped process body model of the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a U-shaped process body (see following steps) in a processing method for an L-shaped thin-walled irregular part according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, showing a U-shaped process body model formed in step S2. (See following steps.) Figure 3As shown, the length L1, width W1, height H1, and thickness T1 of the designed U-shaped process model are all larger than the required length L, width W, height H, and thickness T of the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part. Furthermore, H1 is determined based on the actual production quantity of the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part, and H1 is several times larger than H to allow for machining allowance. For example, to obtain two L-shaped thin-walled irregular parts, H1 is twice the size of H; to obtain four L-shaped thin-walled irregular parts, H1 is twice the size of H; and to obtain eight L-shaped thin-walled irregular parts, H1 is four times the size of H. The length L1, width W1, and thickness T1 are slightly larger than the length, width, and thickness of one required L-shaped thin-walled irregular part, sufficient to allow for machining allowance.

[0044] Those skilled in the art will understand that the mirroring in this step refers to mirroring the uppermost or lowermost surface of the initially drawn three-dimensional digital model of the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part as the symmetrical surface; the circumferential rotation is a circumferential rotation with the vertical line where the center of the projection of the back-shaped character on the horizontal plane is located as the axis.

[0045] The processing method of the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part of the present invention may further include step S3: processing the back-shaped process body according to the formed back-shaped process body model.

[0046] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, bar stock or sheet stock can be selected as the blank to process the U-shaped component. It should be understood that the corresponding dimensions of the selected bar stock or sheet stock should be larger than the dimensions of the designed U-shaped component to ensure that the bar stock or sheet stock can be processed to obtain a U-shaped component with dimensions that meet the design requirements.

[0047] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, step S3 may include:

[0048] Step S3.1: Machining the blank into a cuboid using turning and milling. Specifically, firstly, the end face of the blank corresponding to the length direction of the L-shaped thin-walled part can be machined by turning; then, using the two end faces obtained by turning the blank as positioning references, the end faces of the blank corresponding to the width and height directions of the L-shaped thin-walled part can be machined sequentially by milling to obtain a blank with a cuboid shape and the same length, width, and height as the designed U-shaped process body.

[0049] Step S3.2: The blank is machined into a U-shape by wire cutting to obtain a U-shaped workpiece. Specifically, the plane formed by the length and width of the blank can be used as the positioning surface. The internal material of the cuboid is removed by wire cutting to obtain a U-shaped workpiece with four walls, each wall having the same thickness as the designed U-shaped workpiece model.

[0050] The processing method for the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part of the present invention may further include step S4: generating a processing route based on the contour line of the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part on the U-shaped process body model, and symmetrically processing multiple L-shaped thin-walled irregular part semi-finished products along the processing route in the outer part of the U-shaped process body by CNC machining. The processing route is along the contour line, which can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 4 The arrow in the middle, Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the processing route in a processing method for an L-shaped thin-walled irregular part according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, wherein half of the U-shaped process body with a right-angled inflection point is unfolded into a plane. Figure 4 The starting point of the processing route shown is merely an example; any point on the processing route can be selected as the starting point. Figure 4 As can be seen, during processing, multiple L-shaped thin-walled irregular parts semi-finished products can be processed along the route indicated by the arrow with only one clamping and tool setting. Therefore, the processing route of the present invention allows all L-shaped thin-walled irregular parts semi-finished products on the half structure with the right-angle inflection point of the U-shaped process body to be processed with only one clamping and tool setting, saving clamping and tool setting time, shortening the processing cycle, improving production efficiency, and saving manpower. The other half structure of the U-shaped process body can be processed symmetrically.

[0051] It should be understood that in this step, such as Figure 3 As shown, the two arms of each L-shaped thin-walled irregular part semi-finished product are located in the outer portion of the wall formed by the length and height of the U-shaped process body, and in the outer portion of the wall formed by the width and height of the U-shaped process body, respectively. Furthermore, the length, width, thickness, and height of each L-shaped thin-walled irregular part semi-finished product, as well as the holes in the arms, are slightly larger than the required length L, width W, height H, and thickness T of the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part to allow for machining allowance. It should be noted that the machining method used in this step can be any method that obtains the external dimensions of the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part by machining grooves in the outer portion of the wall of the U-shaped process body.

[0052] The processing method for the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part of the present invention may further include step S5: heat treating the U-shaped process body containing multiple L-shaped thin-walled irregular part semi-finished products. Those skilled in the art will understand that any desired heat treatment method can be selected here, and will not be further described herein.

[0053] The processing method for the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part of the present invention may further include step S6: separating multiple L-shaped thin-walled irregular part semi-finished products from the U-shaped process body. It should be noted that during separation, the entire thickness of the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part semi-finished product can be separated from the wall of the U-shaped process body, or only a portion of the thickness can be separated. However, it must be ensured that the thickness of the separated L-shaped thin-walled irregular part semi-finished product is greater than the required thickness T of the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part.

[0054] Specifically, step S6 may include: cutting multiple L-shaped thin-walled irregular-shaped semi-finished parts from the U-shaped process body using wire cutting. This can be referred to... Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the wire cutting path for separating the semi-finished L-shaped thin-walled part from the U-shaped process body, included in a processing method for an L-shaped thin-walled irregular part according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 As shown, when wire cutting L-shaped thin-walled irregular parts, multiple L-shaped thin-walled irregular parts can be cut out along the wire cutting path P. The thickness of the cut L-shaped thin-walled irregular parts, i.e., the cutting depth h, is greater than the required thickness T of the L-shaped thin-walled irregular parts.

[0055] The processing method of the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part of the present invention may further include step S7: performing fine processing on the separated L-shaped thin-walled irregular part semi-finished products to obtain multiple L-shaped thin-walled irregular parts as required.

[0056] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, step S7 may include:

[0057] Step S7.1 involves grinding multiple reference surfaces of several L-shaped thin-walled irregular-shaped semi-finished parts. This can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the reference plane of the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part in a processing method for an L-shaped thin-walled irregular part according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 6 As shown, the reference surfaces A, B, C, D and E of the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part semi-finished product can be ground;

[0058] Step S7.2: Using reference surfaces A, B, C, D and E as positioning reference surfaces, perform finishing, especially CNC machining, on other surfaces of multiple L-shaped thin-walled irregular parts, in order to achieve the various dimensions of the L-shaped thin-walled irregular parts, namely length L, width W, height H and thickness T, as well as the size of each hole on the arm, thereby obtaining multiple L-shaped thin-walled irregular parts as required.

[0059] It should be noted that step S7 in the processing method of the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part of the present invention is not limited to the above implementation, and any processing method capable of implementing this step can be used. For example, in step S7.1, a thickness can be reserved during grinding, and the corresponding surface can be ground again after CNC machining to obtain the required thickness.

[0060] In some embodiments, the processing method of the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part of the present invention may further include step S8: performing surface treatment on the obtained multiple L-shaped thin-walled irregular parts. Those skilled in the art will understand that any desired surface treatment method can be selected here, and it will not be further described herein.

[0061] The following will take the example of obtaining four L-shaped thin-walled irregular parts with external dimensions of 105mm in length, 70mm in width, 60mm in height, and 4mm in thickness, to specifically describe the processing method of the L-shaped thin-walled irregular parts of the present invention:

[0062] The first step is to create a 3D digital model of the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part in 3D software.

[0063] The second step is to design a U-shaped process body model based on the drawn 3D digital model. In particular, reference planes A, B, and C are selected as process design reference planes to design the U-shaped process body model. The designed U-shaped process body model is 120mm long, 80mm wide, 130mm high, and 10mm thick.

[0064] The third step involves selecting readily available and appropriately sized Ф150mm bar stock as the blank for machining the Ф150mm shaped component, based on the designed model. Specifically, the process begins with turning: determining the two end faces of the blank and selecting a bar stock with a total length of 120mm. Then, milling is performed: using the 120mm length end faces as positioning references, the Ф150mm outer shape is machined to 80×130mm, transforming the bar stock blank into a cuboid with dimensions of 120×80×130mm. Next, wire cutting is used: using the 120×80mm face as the positioning surface, excess material inside the cuboid is removed to ensure the part is a 10mm thick Ф150mm shaped component.

[0065] The fourth step involves grinding each plane and using the 120×80mm surface as the positioning surface. Two L-shaped thin-walled irregular parts are machined along the machining path in the outer parts of the two adjacent vertical walls of 120×130mm and 80×130mm respectively. The machining depth is 3mm greater than the required thickness of the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part, and a 2mm allowance is reserved for the inner and outer shapes.

[0066] The fifth step is to heat treat the shaped workpiece.

[0067] The sixth step is to separate the four L-shaped thin-walled irregular semi-finished parts from the U-shaped process body, especially by wire cutting: using the 120×80mm surface as the positioning surface, cut along the wire cutting path to a depth of 5mm.

[0068] Step 7: Perform finishing on the four separated L-shaped thin-walled irregular parts to obtain the four required L-shaped thin-walled irregular parts. Specifically, first, perform grinding: grind the perpendicularity of reference surfaces A, B, and C to ≤0.02, grind the perpendicularity of reference surfaces D and E to ≤0.02, and reserve a thickness of 0.1mm. Then, perform CNC machining: use reference surface D as the positioning reference surface to machine the inner and outer shapes of reference surface A to the required dimensions, and use reference surface E as the positioning reference surface to machine the inner and outer shapes of reference surface B to the required dimensions. Next, align reference surface C and grind reference surfaces D and E to obtain the required thickness of 4mm, ensuring that the perpendicularity is ≤0.02mm.

[0069] As described above, by creating a three-dimensional digital model of the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part and designing a U-shaped process body, the U-shaped process body containing the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part is machined and heat-treated, instead of directly machining and heat-treating the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part. Because the U-shaped process body has high overall rigidity, the stress is relatively uniform during machining, reducing stress concentration and deformation. During heat treatment, the stress distribution is uniform, effectively solving the problems of deformation exceeding tolerances and cracking at right angles in the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part. Furthermore, the machining method for the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part of this invention does not require the design of special tooling. The required part is obtained by directly designing a U-shaped process body based on the dimensions of the L-shaped thin-walled irregular part. The method is simple, universal, and has a simple machining process and low manufacturing cost.

[0070] The features mentioned and / or shown in the foregoing description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention may be combined in the same or similar manner with one or more other embodiments, combined with features in other embodiments, or substituted for corresponding features in other embodiments. Such combinations or substitutions should also be considered as including within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for processing an L-shaped thin-walled irregular part, characterized in that... It includes the following steps: Step 1: Create a three-dimensional digital model of the L-shaped thin-walled special-shaped part according to the external dimensions of the L-shaped thin-walled special-shaped part required. Step 2: Based on the drawn three-dimensional digital model, with the right-angle inflection point as the reference point, extend the length, width, height, and thickness of the three-dimensional digital model and retain the contour line of the L-shaped thin-walled special-shaped part, then mirror-copy it up and down and rotate it 180° circumferentially to form a square frame-shaped process body model. Step 3: According to the formed square frame-shaped process body model, select a blank to process the square frame-shaped process body, including: Step 3.1: Process the blank into a cuboid through turning and milling. Step 3.2: Process the blank into a square frame shape through wire cutting to obtain the square frame-shaped process body. Step 4: Generate a machining path according to the contour line of the L-shaped thin-walled special-shaped part on the square frame-shaped process body model, and symmetrically process multiple semi-finished L-shaped thin-walled special-shaped parts on the outer part of the square frame-shaped process body along the machining path through numerical control machining. Step 5: Heat-treat the square frame-shaped process body with multiple semi-finished L-shaped thin-walled special-shaped parts. Step 6: Separate multiple semi-finished L-shaped thin-walled special-shaped parts from the square frame-shaped process body. Step 7: Perform finishing on each of the separated semi-finished L-shaped thin-walled special-shaped parts respectively to obtain multiple required L-shaped thin-walled special-shaped parts.

2. The processing method for L-shaped thin-walled irregular parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 3 includes: According to the designed square frame-shaped process body model, select a bar stock or a sheet stock as the blank to process the square frame-shaped process body.

3. The processing method for L-shaped thin-walled irregular parts according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Step 6 includes: Cut out multiple semi-finished L-shaped thin-walled special-shaped parts from the square frame-shaped process body through wire cutting.

4. The processing method for L-shaped thin-walled irregular parts according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Step 7 includes the following sub-steps: Step 7.1: Grind multiple reference surfaces of each of the semi-finished L-shaped thin-walled special-shaped parts respectively. Step 7.2: Perform finishing on other surfaces of each of the semi-finished L-shaped thin-walled special-shaped parts with the reference surfaces as the positioning reference surfaces respectively to obtain multiple required L-shaped thin-walled special-shaped parts.

5. The processing method for L-shaped thin-walled irregular parts according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that... It also includes the following steps: Step 8: Perform surface treatment on the multiple obtained L-shaped thin-walled special-shaped parts.

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