A motor transmission buffer mechanism for starting and speed changing of pure electric vehicles

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of motor transmission technology, and specifically to a motor transmission buffer mechanism for starting and shifting of pure electric vehicles, including a planetary gear power distribution system, a reduction transmission mechanism, a hydraulic transmission conversion mechanism, a hydraulic pipeline and an adjustable hydraulic energy storage system, the planetary gear power distribution system includes a central drive sun gear, a planetary carrier output gear system and an annular drive adjustment gear, the planetary carrier output gear system is connected with an output sleeve, the output sleeve is connected with the wheel drive mechanism of the vehicle, the central drive sun gear is connected with a drive input shaft, and the output sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the drive input shaft to form a rotary sleeve. The present invention decomposes and converts the driving force of the central drive sun gear into wheel driving force and speed control driving force through the planetary gear power distribution system, so that the buffering control of the wheel power output can be indirectly performed by controlling the buffering state of the outer annular drive adjustment gear.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of motor transmission, and in particular to a motor transmission buffer mechanism used for starting and speed changing of a pure electric vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the gradual promotion and use of electric vehicles, more and more electric vehicles are now used for commercial and family use on the road. For the driving form of ordinary electric vehicles, the energy of the power battery is usually transferred to the wheels through the motor, and a fixed gear ratio gearbox is usually used for speed change. Due to the large initial torque of the drive motor, at the moment of starting or accelerating, the large torque of the motor is directly transmitted to the wheels through the speed change mechanism, which will not only cause impact on the transmission mechanism but also cause acceleration discomfort that seriously affects the comfort of the driver and passengers. For conventional entry-level electric vehicles, this shortcoming increases the difficulty of popularization and promotion of vehicles. In order to solve the above problems, it is necessary to consider the initial torque buffering of the motor and reduce energy loss. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a motor transmission buffer mechanism for starting and changing speeds of pure electric vehicles. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a motor transmission buffer mechanism for starting and shifting of a pure electric vehicle in view of the deficiencies in the prior art.

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions. The present invention discloses a motor transmission buffer mechanism for starting and shifting a pure electric vehicle, including a planetary gear power distribution system, a reduction transmission mechanism, a hydraulic transmission conversion mechanism, a hydraulic pipeline and an adjustable hydraulic energy storage system. The planetary gear power distribution system includes a central drive sun gear, a planetary carrier output gear system and an annular drive adjustment gear. The planetary carrier output gear system is connected to an output sleeve, and the output sleeve is connected to the wheel drive mechanism of the vehicle. The central drive sun gear is connected to a drive input shaft, and the output sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the drive input shaft to form a rotary sleeve connection. The outer end of the planetary carrier output gear system is along A free shaft is symmetrically inserted into the rotation center, and a planetary creeper transmission wheel is installed on the planetary carrier output gear train through the free shaft. Gear teeth are provided on the inner and outer sides of the annular drive adjustment gear and the outer side of the central drive sun gear. The planetary creeper transmission wheel realizes the transmission output of the planetary carrier output gear train by meshing with the annular drive adjustment gear and the central drive sun gear at the same time. The front end of the reduction transmission mechanism realizes transmission by meshing with the annular drive adjustment gear. The reduction transmission mechanism is connected to the hydraulic pipeline through a hydraulic transmission conversion mechanism. The hydraulic pipeline is connected to an adjustable hydraulic energy storage system. The annular drive adjustment gear realizes buffer transmission by coupling with the adjustable hydraulic energy storage system.

[0005] Furthermore, the outer side of the annular drive adjustment gear is meshedly connected with an external speed regulation motor drive mechanism and a brake motor locking mechanism, the external speed regulation motor drive mechanism includes a servo speed regulation system, the servo speed regulation system is used for speed regulation after a steady speed basis, and the brake motor locking mechanism includes an electromagnetic brake.

[0006] Furthermore, the hydraulic pipeline includes a branch oil pipe, which is connected in parallel to both ends of the adjustable hydraulic energy storage system and is used to perform soft and hard adjustment of the acceleration process through flux control.

[0007] Furthermore, the branch oil pipe is provided with a power buffer adjustment switch and a flow meter, and the power buffer adjustment switch includes an electric valve.

[0008] Furthermore, the adjustable hydraulic energy storage system includes a compressed gas energy storage tank, a compression bladder and a bladder mounting rotating seat. The compressed gas energy storage tank is a left-right pressed-together docking structure. An inner ring rack is provided at the docking point of the compressed gas energy storage tank. The compression bladder is fixedly sealed and installed on the left and right sides of the bladder mounting rotating seat. The upper and lower sides of the bladder mounting rotating seat are both recessed with a drive cabin. A power module, a motor device and a driving gear are provided in the drive cabin. The motor device realizes the rotation of the bladder mounting rotating seat relative to the compressed gas energy storage tank by controlling the engagement of the driving gear with the inner ring rack.

[0009] Furthermore, the compressed gas energy storage tank is in the shape of a long straight capsule, the compressed gas energy storage tank is provided with a heat insulation coating, and the left and right ends of the compressed gas energy storage tank are provided with protective gate valves connected to the hydraulic pipeline.

[0010] Furthermore, the capsule mounting rotating seat is in the shape of a rotating body, and the cross-section of the capsule mounting rotating seat through the rotation center is I-shaped. Closed mounting plates are fixedly attached to the left and right sides of the capsule mounting rotating seat, and the cross-section of the closed mounting plate through the rotation center is U-shaped. The closed mounting plate is used to fix the edge of the compression capsule.

[0011] Furthermore, an airway tube body is provided inside the sac mounting rotating seat, and an airway joint is provided on the airway tube body near the compression sac. The outer end of the airway tube body is led out from the outer middle part of the sac mounting rotating seat and is provided with a closed head, which is used to connect to an external gas device.

[0012] Furthermore, a threaded engaging portion is provided on the inner extension wall of the inner ring rack of the compressed gas energy storage tank, and a threaded segment is provided on the outer side of the capsule mounting rotating seat. The capsule mounting rotating seat realizes lateral relative movement under spin drive through the engagement between its threaded segment and the threaded engaging portion.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0014] (1) The present invention decomposes the driving force of the central driving sun gear into wheel driving force and speed control driving force through the planetary gear power distribution system, thereby indirectly performing buffer control of wheel power output by controlling the buffer state of the outer ring driving adjustment gear through dynamic superposition;

[0015] (2) The hydraulic transmission conversion mechanism used in the present invention absorbs the movement of the outer annular driving adjustment gear and converts it into gas compression energy of the energy storage tank through hydraulic transmission, thereby achieving buffering of the initial torque impact of the motor;

[0016] (3) The bidirectional motion bladder mounting rotating seat of the present invention can fully realize the soft and hard adjustment of the buffer, that is, control the buffer time. Combined with the opening and closing control of the electric valve, the buffer intervention time can be flexibly selected under the control of the electronic control system, thereby achieving the purpose of flexible coupled intervention buffer control. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structural principle of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the adjustable hydraulic energy storage system 5 of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of position A in the middle;

[0020] 1-planetary gear power distribution system, 11-central drive sun gear, 12-planetary carrier output gear train, 121-free shaft, 122-planetary creeping transmission wheel, 13-ring drive adjustment gear, 131-external speed control motor drive mechanism, 132-brake motor locking mechanism, 2-reduction transmission mechanism, 3-hydraulic transmission conversion mechanism, 4-hydraulic pipeline, 41-branch oil pipeline, 411-power buffer adjustment switch, 5-adjustable hydraulic energy storage system, 51-protection gate valve, 52-compressed gas energy storage tank, 521-inner ring rack, 53-compression capsule, 54-capsule mounting rotating seat, 541-enclosed mounting plate, 542-airway joint, 543-airway pipe body, 544-sealed head, 545-drive cabin, 545a-power module, 545b-motor device, 545c-drive gear, 55-threaded meshing part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the present invention discloses a motor transmission buffer mechanism for starting and shifting a pure electric vehicle, comprising a planetary gear power distribution system 1, a reduction transmission mechanism 2, a hydraulic transmission conversion mechanism 3, a hydraulic pipeline 4 and an adjustable hydraulic energy storage system 5.

[0022] The planetary gear power distribution system 1 includes a central drive sun gear 11, a planetary carrier output gear train 12 and an annular drive adjustment gear 13. The planetary carrier output gear train 12 is connected to an output sleeve, which is connected to the wheel drive mechanism of the vehicle. The central drive sun gear 11 is connected to a drive input shaft, which is driven by an external large-torque constant-speed motor. The output sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the drive input shaft to form a rotary sleeve connection, so that the rotation centers of the central drive sun gear 11, the planetary carrier output gear train 12 and the annular drive adjustment gear 13 are coaxial and limited in axial motion, ensuring that the three can only rotate relative to each other, thereby forming a planetary gear power distribution system 1. Specifically, the outer end of the planetary carrier output gear train 12 A free shaft 121 is symmetrically inserted along the center of rotation, and a planetary creeping transmission wheel 122 is installed on the planetary carrier output gear train 12 through the free shaft 121. Gear teeth are provided on both the inner and outer sides of the annular drive adjustment gear 13 and the outer side of the central drive sun gear 11. The planetary creeping transmission wheel 122 realizes the transmission output of the planetary carrier output gear train 12 by simultaneously meshing with the annular drive adjustment gear 13 and the central drive sun gear 11. The outer side of the annular drive adjustment gear 13 is meshed and connected with an external speed regulation motor drive mechanism 131 and a brake motor locking mechanism 132. The external speed regulation motor drive mechanism 131 includes a servo speed regulation system, which is used for speed regulation after a steady speed basis. The brake motor locking mechanism 132 includes an electromagnetic brake. Specifically, the annular drive adjusting gear 13 is locked by the brake motor locking mechanism 132, so that when the speed of the central drive sun gear 11 is stable, the output speed of the planetary carrier output gear train 12 is also stable. When speed change is required, the brake motor locking mechanism 132 is disengaged, and the external speed control motor drive mechanism 131 applies a positive direction speed change motion to the annular drive adjusting gear 13. According to the motion superposition of the motion characteristics of the planetary gear train, the output speed of the planetary carrier output gear train 12 is accelerated or decelerated.

[0023] The front end of the reduction transmission mechanism 2 is meshed with the annular drive adjustment gear 13 to achieve transmission. The reduction transmission mechanism 2 is connected to the hydraulic pipeline 4 through the hydraulic transmission conversion mechanism 3. The hydraulic pipeline 4 includes a branch oil pipe 41. In order to meet the use requirements, it is usually necessary to set several sets of parallel adjustable hydraulic energy storage systems 5 in the hydraulic pipeline 4 to meet the requirements of the bearing pressure during vehicle buffering. The branch oil pipe 41 is connected in parallel at both ends of the adjustable hydraulic energy storage system 5 and is used to adjust the softness and hardness of the acceleration process through flux control. The branch oil pipe 41 is provided with a power buffer adjustment switch 411 and a flow meter. The power buffer adjustment switch 411 includes an electric valve. After the electric valve is opened, the adjustable hydraulic energy storage system 5 contacts and works, and the oil only flows from the branch oil pipe 41. The hydraulic pipeline 4 is connected with the adjustable hydraulic energy storage system 5. The annular drive adjustment gear 13 realizes buffer transmission through coupling connection with the adjustable hydraulic energy storage system 5.

[0024] The adjustable hydraulic energy storage system 5 of the present invention will be further described below. The adjustable hydraulic energy storage system 5 includes a compressed gas energy storage tank 52, a compression capsule 53 and a capsule mounting rotating seat 54. The compressed gas energy storage tank 52 is a left-right pressed-fit butt-jointed structure. An inner ring rack 521 is provided at the butt joint of the compressed gas energy storage tank 52. The compression capsule 53 is fixedly sealed and mounted on the left and right sides of the capsule mounting rotating seat 54. Specifically, the compressed gas energy storage tank 52 is a long straight capsule shape. The compressed gas energy storage tank 52 is provided with a heat insulation coating. The left and right ends of the compressed gas energy storage tank 52 are provided with a protective gate valve 51 connected to the hydraulic pipeline 4. A threaded engaging portion 55 is provided on the inner extension wall of the inner ring rack 521 of the compressed gas energy storage tank 52. A threaded segment is provided on the outer side of the capsule mounting rotating seat 54. The capsule mounting rotating seat 54 realizes lateral relative motion under spin drive through the meshing action of its threaded segment and the threaded engaging portion 55. A drive cabin 545 is recessed on both the upper and lower sides of the capsule mounting rotating seat 54, and a power module 545a, a motor device 545b and a driving gear 545c are arranged in the driving cabin 545. The motor device 545b controls the driving gear 545c to engage with the inner ring rack 521 to realize the rotation of the capsule mounting rotating seat 54 relative to the compressed gas energy storage tank 52.

[0025] The capsule mounting rotating seat 54 is in the shape of a rotating body, and the cross section of the capsule mounting rotating seat 54 passing through the rotation center is in the shape of an I-beam, and closed mounting plates 541 are fixedly attached to both the left and right sides of the capsule mounting rotating seat 54, and the cross section of the closed mounting plate 541 passing through the rotation center is in the shape of a U-shape, and the closed mounting plate 541 is used to fix the edge of the compression capsule 53. An airway tube body 543 is provided inside the capsule mounting rotating seat 54, and an airway joint 542 is provided near the compression capsule 53. The outer end of the airway tube body 543 is led out from the outer side of the middle part of the capsule mounting rotating seat 54 and is provided with a closed head 544, and the closed head 544 is used to connect to an external gas device.

[0026] During the actual starting process of the vehicle, first, the central drive sun gear 11 rotates stably at a constant speed and with a constant torque, and the planetary carrier output gear train 12 is connected to the wheel transmission device. Since the planetary creeper transmission gear 122 is meshed with the central drive sun gear 11 and the annular drive adjusting gear 13 at the same time and is installed on the planetary carrier output gear train 12, through the above-mentioned gear meshing effect, and the speed of the wheel remains unchanged at an instant due to inertia, the rotation of the central drive sun gear 11 is directly reflected in the rotation of the annular drive adjusting gear 13. At this time, the reduction transmission mechanism 2 receives the rotation drive of the annular drive adjusting gear 13, controls the electric valve to close, and the hydraulic transmission conversion mechanism 3 converts the mechanical rotation into oil flow, so that the compression capsule 53 on the oil inlet side of the adjustable hydraulic energy storage system 5 is compressed, and the gas in the compression capsule 53 is compressed at the same time, and the compression capsule 53 on the oil outlet side is correspondingly expanded. After the process continues for a period of time, the reaction force of the compression capsule 53 increases and the stable state is entered. During the process, the driving force is gradually released to the rotation of the planetary carrier output gear train 12. As the reverse energy of the compression capsule 53 is released after the stable state, the planetary carrier output gear train 12 is continuously accelerated until the speed is relatively stable, thereby completing the starting buffer acceleration process. For example, in the initial state, the central driving sun gear 11 rotates clockwise, and the planetary carrier output gear train 12 slowly accelerates from a standstill due to ground resistance, and rotates clockwise instantaneously. At the same time, the annular driving adjustment gear 13 rotates counterclockwise to store energy in the adjustable hydraulic energy storage system 5. After the speed drops from the initial maximum to zero, it rotates clockwise in the opposite direction. Due to the synthesis of the gear train motion, the planetary carrier output gear train 12 is further accelerated clockwise, thereby completing the above process.

[0027] During the above starting process, the torque of the constant speed motor will not be directly transmitted to the wheels, but will be delayed and buffered through the adjustable hydraulic energy storage system 5, which reduces power waste, makes the starting acceleration last longer, and improves comfort. The adjustable hydraulic energy storage system 5 can fine-tune the degree of delay. After the capsule mounting rotating seat 54 is driven to move right, the time required for the compression capsule 53 to enter a stable state is shortened. At this time, the starting buffering is faster and more direct, and the power adjustment hardness is large, which is a more sporty mode from a sensory point of view. Otherwise, the buffering process is longer and the power adjustment is softer. For the speed change process, the present invention is mainly based on speed regulation after reaching steady speed. Specifically, for example, in the initial state, the annular drive adjustment gear 13 is stationary or at a constant speed under the drive of the external speed control motor drive mechanism 131, and the output of the planetary carrier output gear train 12 is also at a constant speed. At this time, the annular drive adjustment gear 13 is driven by the external speed control motor drive mechanism 131 to accelerate clockwise, the electric valve is closed, and the adjustable hydraulic energy storage system 5 starts to work. The adjustable hydraulic energy storage system 5 absorbs and releases the driving force of the external speed control motor drive mechanism 131 to a certain extent, reducing the discomfort caused by the large initial acceleration torque of the motor. The rotation of the central drive sun gear 11 of the present invention only needs to be set by the control system to set a few fixed speed values, and the work itself does not require a continuous speed change control process.

[0028] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A motor transmission buffer mechanism for starting and shifting a pure electric vehicle, characterized in that: The invention comprises a planetary gear power distribution system, a reduction transmission mechanism, a hydraulic transmission conversion mechanism, a hydraulic pipeline and an adjustable hydraulic energy storage system. The planetary gear power distribution system comprises a central drive sun gear, a planetary carrier output gear train and an annular drive adjustment gear. The planetary carrier output gear train is connected with an output sleeve, which is connected with a wheel drive mechanism of a vehicle. The central drive sun gear is connected with a drive input shaft, and the output sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the drive input shaft to form a rotary sleeve. The outer end of the planetary carrier output gear train is symmetrically inserted with a free shaft along the rotation center. The planetary carrier output gear train is installed with a planetary gear body through the free shaft. The inner and outer sides of the annular drive adjustment gear and the outer side of the central drive sun gear are provided with gear teeth. The outer side of the annular drive adjustment gear is meshed and connected with an external speed regulating motor drive mechanism and a brake motor locking mechanism. The external speed regulating motor drive mechanism comprises a servo speed regulating system, which is used for speed regulation after a steady speed basis. The brake motor locking mechanism comprises an electromagnetic brake. The planetary gear body is realized by meshing with the annular drive adjustment gear and the central drive sun gear at the same time. The transmission output of the planetary carrier output gear train, the front end of the reduction transmission mechanism realizes transmission by meshing with the annular drive adjustment gear, the reduction transmission mechanism is connected to the hydraulic pipeline through a hydraulic transmission conversion mechanism, the hydraulic pipeline includes a branch oil pipe, the branch oil pipe is connected in parallel at both ends of the adjustable hydraulic energy storage system and is used for soft and hard adjustment of the acceleration process through flux control, the hydraulic pipeline is connected to the adjustable hydraulic energy storage system, the adjustable hydraulic energy storage system includes a compressed gas energy storage tank, a compression capsule and a capsule mounting rotating seat, the compressed gas The energy storage tank is a left-right pressed-fit docking structure, an inner ring rack is provided at the docking point of the compressed gas energy storage tank, the compression capsule is fixedly sealed and installed on the left and right sides of the capsule mounting rotating seat, the upper and lower sides of the capsule mounting rotating seat are both recessed with a drive cabin, a power module, a motor device and a driving gear are arranged in the driving cabin, the motor device realizes the rotation of the capsule mounting rotating seat relative to the compressed gas energy storage tank by controlling the engagement of the driving gear with the inner ring rack, and the annular drive adjustment gear realizes buffer transmission by coupling with the adjustable hydraulic energy storage system.

2. The motor transmission buffer mechanism for starting and shifting a pure electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The branch oil pipe is provided with a power buffer adjustment switch and a flow meter, and the power buffer adjustment switch includes an electric valve.

3. The motor transmission buffer mechanism for starting and shifting a pure electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compressed gas energy storage tank is in the shape of a long straight capsule, is provided with a heat insulation coating, and has protective gate valves connected to the hydraulic pipeline at both left and right ends of the compressed gas energy storage tank.

4. The motor transmission buffer mechanism for starting and shifting a pure electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The capsule mounting rotating seat is in the shape of a rotating body, and the axial section of the capsule mounting rotating seat is I-shaped. Closed mounting plates are fixedly attached to the left and right sides of the capsule mounting rotating seat. The cross-section of the closed mounting plate through the center of rotation is U-shaped. The closed mounting plate is used to fix the edge of the compression capsule.

5. The motor transmission buffer mechanism for starting and shifting a pure electric vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that: An airway tube body is provided inside the sac mounting rotating seat, and an airway joint is provided on the airway tube body near the compression sac body. The outer end of the airway tube body is led out from the outer middle part of the sac mounting rotating seat and is provided with a closed head, which is used for connecting to an external gas device.

6. The motor transmission buffer mechanism for starting and shifting a pure electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: A threaded engagement portion is provided on the inner extension wall of the inner ring rack of the compressed gas energy storage tank, and a threaded segment is provided on the outer side of the capsule mounting rotating seat. The capsule mounting rotating seat realizes lateral relative movement under spin drive through the engagement between its threaded segment and the threaded engagement portion.

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