Turbine disc tenon groove forming grinding device and method

Abstract

The present invention provides a turbine disc tenon-groove forming grinding device and method, which relate to the field of grinding processing. Aiming at the problems of low processing efficiency and poor processing accuracy in the current cup-type grinding wheel processing, avoidance parts are reserved upstream and downstream of the grinding part of the grinding wheel. The avoidance parts can reduce the weight of the grinding wheel and reduce the difficulty of driving and controlling the main shaft, thereby improving the processing accuracy. The avoidance parts are used for the turbine disc to pass through to reduce the difficulty of feeding, facilitate switching of processing positions, and improve processing efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of grinding processing, and in particular to a turbine disc tenon-and-groove forming grinding device and method. Background Art

[0002] The turbine disk is a key rotating component of aircraft engines, gas turbines and other equipment. The tenon is the link between the turbine disk and the blade. Therefore, the processing quality of the tenon has an extremely important impact on the service performance of aircraft engines and gas turbines. In order to improve the reliability and safety performance of the tenon, the structure of the tenon is also constantly improving, which can be mainly divided into three structures: straight tenon, oblique tenon and arc tenon. In order to cope with the harsh working environment, turbine discs are mostly made of high-strength and tough difficult-to-process materials such as high-temperature alloys and titanium alloys, which increases the difficulty of processing the tenon and mortise on the turbine disc; currently, the main forming processing methods used are drawing, milling and special processing. The drawing method is difficult to meet the high requirements of short-cycle precision processing caused by frequent fine-tuning of the local shape of the tenon and mortise during the development stage of the turbine disc. There are problems such as cumbersome broach manufacturing and long adjustment cycle, high cost, severe broach wear and easy precision deviation, and it cannot meet the processing requirements of arc-shaped tenon and mortise; when milling is used for processing, the milling cutter structure is complex, the processing efficiency is low, and the milling cutter rigidity is poor, and the processing accuracy and quality are difficult to guarantee; special processing methods mainly use electric spark wire cutting and electrolytic wire cutting, which have problems of low processing efficiency and difficulty in ensuring processing quality, and it is difficult to meet the production requirements of the turbine disc tenon and mortise structure.

[0003] A Chinese patent (publication number CN104148992B) discloses a grinding method for processing the tenon groove of an impeller hub, which uses a cup-shaped grinding wheel to grind the tenon groove according to the set trajectory and the selected tenon groove grinding method, but the cup-shaped grinding wheel is inconvenient to locate the processing position, and the feeding is difficult. When switching the tenon groove to be processed, the re-clamping and positioning process is relatively cumbersome, which affects the processing efficiency; at the same time, the cup-shaped grinding wheel also has the problem of large diameter and weight making it difficult to achieve high-speed processing; a Chinese patent (publication number CN 109926894 B) discloses a turbine disc tenon groove forming grinding processing equipment, which uses a large-size grinding wheel for grinding and forming processing, but its equipment manufacturing is relatively cumbersome, and the tenon groove position needs to be adjusted manually, which makes it difficult to achieve accurate positioning of the tenon groove position, and the processing accuracy and efficiency are difficult to meet the requirements. The current turbine disc tenon groove processing equipment and processes all have the problems of low efficiency and poor precision. At the same time, there is a lack of process equipment for efficient and high-precision processing of the circular arc tenon groove of the turbine disc. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a turbine disc tenon and groove forming grinding device and method in response to the defects of the prior art, leaving avoidance portions upstream and downstream of the grinding portion of the grinding wheel, the avoidance portions can reduce the weight of the grinding wheel, reduce the difficulty of driving and controlling the spindle, thereby improving the processing accuracy, and utilizing the avoidance portions for the turbine disc to pass through to reduce the difficulty of feeding, facilitate switching of processing positions, and improve processing efficiency.

[0005] The first object of the present invention is to provide a turbine disc tongue and groove forming grinding device, which adopts the following scheme:

[0006] include:

[0007] A fixture is installed on a rotating worktable of a five-axis linkage machine tool, and the fixture is provided with a clamping portion for carrying a turbine disc;

[0008] The grinding wheel is installed on the main shaft of the five-axis linkage machine tool; the grinding wheel is provided with a plurality of grinding parts, the grinding parts are arranged eccentrically with the main shaft axis and can rotate around the main shaft axis; along the rotation direction of the grinding parts, the upstream and downstream of the grinding parts are provided with avoidance parts for the turbine disc to pass through.

[0009] Furthermore, the grinding wheel comprises connected grinding claws and a grinding portion, the grinding wheel is mounted on the main shaft through a tool handle, and a grinding portion matching the mortise and tenon profile structure is provided at the radial end of each grinding claw.

[0010] Furthermore, the grinding claws on the grinding wheel are:

[0011] A single grinding claw is driven by the spindle to reciprocate relative to the machining position of the turbine disc;

[0012] Or, at least two grinding claws are configured as follows: all the grinding claws are distributed circumferentially at intervals along the spindle axis, and the grinding claws rotate around the spindle axis under the drive of the spindle.

[0013] Furthermore, when the grinding wheel has at least two grinding claws, an escape portion is formed between two grinding claws adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction, and the circumferential width of the escape portion is greater than or equal to the axial thickness of the machined turbine disk.

[0014] Furthermore, the grinding wheel is a slotted grinding wheel, one axial end of which is connected to a tool handle and is installed on the main shaft through the tool handle, and the other axial end is provided with a protruding grinding portion that matches the mortise and tenon profile structure.

[0015] Further, the grinding part on the grinding wheel is:

[0016] A single grinding section, in a C-shaped structure with a slot, where the slot serves as a relief section;

[0017] Or, at least two grinding parts are configured as follows: all the grinding parts are arranged circumferentially at intervals along the main shaft axis, and a avoidance part is formed between two grinding parts adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction;

[0018] The circumferential width of the avoidance portion is greater than or equal to the axial thickness of the machined turbine disk.

[0019] Furthermore, the main shaft drives the grinding part and the rotating worktable to act together, so that a single grinding track of the turbine disc by the grinding part matches the contour shape of the tongue and groove.

[0020] Furthermore, the single grinding trajectory of the grinding part for the straight tenon groove turbine disk is a straight line segment parallel to the axis of the turbine disk; the single grinding trajectory of the grinding part for the oblique tenon groove turbine disk is a straight line segment that forms an angle with the axis of the turbine disk; and the single grinding trajectory of the grinding part for the arc tenon groove turbine disk is an arc segment.

[0021] The second object of the present invention is to provide a method for processing the turbine disc tenon-groove forming grinding device as described in the first object, comprising:

[0022] The grinding wheel is installed on the spindle, and the turbine disc to be processed is clamped in the fixture;

[0023] According to the set grinding trajectory and grinding parameters, the turbine disc tenon and groove are ground by the grinding wheel;

[0024] After the mortise and tenon processing is completed, the rotating worktable drives the turbine disc to rotate and adjust the position, and the grinding of the next mortise and tenon is carried out. This cycle is repeated until the grinding of all the mortise and tenon of the turbine disc is completed.

[0025] Furthermore, the grinding trajectory and grinding parameters of the grinding part processing position are set according to the structure of the mortise and tenon; when processing the mortise and tenon, one side of the mortise and tenon is processed first, and then the other side of the same mortise and tenon is processed.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and positive effects:

[0027] (1) In order to solve the problems of low processing efficiency and poor processing accuracy in the current cup-type grinding wheel processing, a relief portion is reserved at the upstream and downstream of the grinding part of the grinding wheel. The relief portion can reduce the weight of the grinding wheel and reduce the difficulty of driving and controlling the spindle, thereby improving the processing accuracy. The relief portion is used for the turbine disc to pass through to reduce the difficulty of feeding, facilitate switching of the processing position, and improve the processing efficiency.

[0028] (2) Through the linkage of the main shaft and the rotating worktable, the grinding part can make the trajectory of the turbine disk processing position reach the target shape, and realize the forming grinding processing of the turbine disk straight groove, inclined groove and circular arc mortise. It has the advantages of strong adaptability, high flexibility, high processing efficiency and good precision, and can meet the forming grinding processing of mortise and tenon with different shapes (such as longitudinal tree shape and dovetail shape).

[0029] (3) The use of grinding claws for mortise and tenon grinding avoids the interference of the mortise and tenon structure on the grinding trajectory of the grinding wheel. Compared with the mortise and tenon processing methods of milling and small-size grinding heads, it has the advantages of high linear speed and high-speed processing, which is beneficial to reduce the wear of the grinding wheel, grinding force and grinding temperature, improve the processing accuracy and efficiency, and can meet the needs of high surface integrity forming processing.

[0030] (4) The use of a slotted grinding wheel for mortise and tenon grinding can improve the support strength of the grinding part, cope with special processing conditions, and improve the processing stability of the grinding wheel while leaving an avoidance area between the grinding parts to facilitate cutting.

[0031] (5) The overall structure is exquisite and easy to implement, which avoids the need for major modifications to the machine tool during mortise and tenon processing. It can be linked with the machine tool, reducing the complexity of programming the processing program, saving a large amount of processing costs, and significantly improving the economy of turbine disc mortise and tenon processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0033] Figure 1 It is an axonometric view of the overall structure of the turbine disc tenon-groove forming grinding device in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0034] Figure 2 This is an axonometric diagram of an embodiment of the turbine disc tenon-groove forming grinding device in embodiments 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0035] Figure 3 This is an axonometric view of the turbine disk fixture in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a front view of the turbine disc clamp bracket in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0037] Figure 5 It is a left view of the turbine disc clamp bracket in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0038] Figure 6 A top view of the turbine disc clamp bracket in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a front view of the bottom plate of the turbine disc fixture in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0040] Figure 8 It is a left view of the bottom plate of the turbine disc fixture in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0041] Fig. 9This is a rotational cross-sectional view of the turbine disk fixture bottom plate in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0042] Fig.10 This is a front view of the turbine disc fixture cover plate in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0043] Fig.11 It is a left view of the front view of the turbine disc fixture cover plate in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0044] Fig.12 It is a rotated cross-sectional view of the front view of the turbine disk fixture cover plate in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0045] Fig.13 It is a front view of a single grinding claw in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0046] Fig.14 It is a left side view of a single grinding claw in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0047] Fig.15 A top view of a single grinding claw in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0048] Fig.16 It is an axonometric view of a single grinding claw in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0049] Fig.17 This is a front view of a single grinding portion provided on the grinding wheel in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0050] Fig.18 It is a left view of a single grinding portion provided on the grinding wheel in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0051] Fig.19 A top view of a single grinding portion provided on the grinding wheel in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0052] Fig. 20 This is an axonometric view of a single grinding portion provided on the grinding wheel in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0053] Fig.21 This is a front view of the grinding wheel provided with two grinding claws in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0054] Fig. 22 It is a left view of the grinding wheel provided with two grinding claws in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0055] Fig.23 It is a top view of the grinding wheel provided with two grinding claws in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0056] Fig.24 This is an axonometric view of the grinding wheel provided with two grinding claws in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0057] Fig.25 This is a front view of two grinding parts provided on the grinding wheel in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0058] Fig.26 It is a left view of two grinding parts provided on the grinding wheel in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0059] Fig. 27 It is a top view of two grinding parts provided on the grinding wheel in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0060] Fig.28 It is an axonometric view of two grinding parts provided on the grinding wheel in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0061] Fig.29 This is a front view of the grinding wheel provided with three grinding claws in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0062] Fig.30 It is a left view of the grinding wheel provided with three grinding claws in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0063] Fig.31 It is a top view of the grinding wheel provided with three grinding claws in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0064] Fig.32 This is an axonometric view of the grinding wheel provided with three grinding claws in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0065] Fig.33 This is a front view of the grinding wheel provided with three grinding parts in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0066] Fig.34 It is a left view of the grinding wheel provided with three grinding parts in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0067] Fig.35 A top view of the grinding wheel provided with three grinding parts in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0068] Fig.36 This is an axonometric view of the grinding wheel provided with three grinding parts in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0069] Fig.37 This is a front view of the grinding wheel provided with four grinding claws in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0070] Fig.38 It is a left view of the grinding wheel provided with four grinding claws in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0071] Fig.39 It is a top view of the grinding wheel provided with four grinding claws in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0072] Fig.40This is an axonometric view of the grinding wheel provided with four grinding claws in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0073] Fig.41 This is a front view of the grinding wheel provided with four grinding parts in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0074] Fig.42 It is a left view of the grinding wheel provided with four grinding parts in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0075] Fig.43 It is a top view of four grinding parts arranged on the grinding wheel in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0076] Fig.44 This is an axonometric view of four grinding parts arranged on the grinding wheel in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0077] Fig.45 This is a front view of the grinding wheel provided with six grinding claws in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0078] Fig.46 It is a left view of the grinding wheel provided with six grinding claws in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0079] Fig.47 It is a top view of the grinding wheel provided with six grinding claws in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0080] Fig.48 This is an axonometric view of the grinding wheel provided with six grinding claws in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0081] Fig.49 This is a front view of six grinding parts provided on the grinding wheel in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0082] Fig.50 It is a left view of the grinding wheel provided with six grinding parts in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0083] Fig.51 It is a top view of six grinding parts arranged on the grinding wheel in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0084] Fig.52 This is an axonometric view of six grinding parts provided on the grinding wheel in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0085] Fig.53 This is a schematic diagram of the knife handle structure in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0086] Fig.54 Schematic diagram of the initial (end) position of a single grinding claw grinding a tenon groove in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0087] Fig.55Schematic diagram of a single grinding claw grinding the middle position of a tenon groove in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0088] Fig.56 Schematic diagram of the final (initial) position of a single grinding claw grinding a tenon groove in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0089] Fig.57 It is a front view of a plurality of grinding claws grinding the tenon groove in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0090] Fig.58 It is a left view of a plurality of grinding claws grinding a tenon groove in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0091] Fig.59 A top view of a plurality of grinding claws grinding a tenon groove in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application;

[0092] Fig.60 This is a schematic diagram of the motion trajectory of the machine tool spindle and the grinding wheel when grinding the arc-shaped tenon groove in Examples 1 and 2 of the present application.

[0093] Among them, 1. machine tool, 2. fixture, 3. grinding wheel, 4. fixed worktable, 5. T-slot, 6. rotating worktable, 7. spindle, 8. T-bolt, 9. bracket, 10. mortise and tenon, 11. turbine disc, 12. fastening bolt, 13. cover plate, 14. grinding claw, 15. grinding part, 16. bottom plate, 17. avoidance part, 18. slotted structure grinding wheel, 19. tool handle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0094] Example 1

[0095] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1-Figure 60 As shown, a turbine disc tongue and groove forming grinding device is provided.

[0096] The turbine disk tongue and groove forming grinding device is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0097] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the turbine disc tenon forming grinding device includes three parts: a machine tool 1, a fixture 2 and a grinding wheel 3, wherein the machine tool 1 includes a fixed worktable 4, a rotating worktable 6 and a spindle 7, and both the rotating worktable 6 and the fixed worktable 4 are provided with a T-slot 5.

[0098] like Figure 3-Figure 6 As shown, the turbine disc 11 fixture 2 includes a bracket 9, a bottom plate 16 and a cover plate 13. The bottom of the bracket 9 is mounted on the rotating workbench 6 through a T-bolt 8 and a T-slot 5; the bottom plate 16 is connected to the bracket 9 through a fastening bolt 12, the turbine disc 11 is mounted on the bottom plate 16, and the cover plate 13 is fixed to the bottom plate 16 through the fastening bolt 12. The structure of the bottom plate 16 is as shown in FIG. Figure 7-Figure 9 As shown, the structure of the cover plate 13 is as follows Figure 10-12 In this embodiment, the parallelism between the end surface of the turbine disk 11 and the top surface of the rotating table 6 after installation is less than 10 μm to ensure the machining accuracy of the mortise and tenon 10 after grinding. In other optional embodiments, the parallelism can be selected and configured according to the machining accuracy so that the grinding accuracy can meet the requirements.

[0099] The machine tool 1 in this embodiment is a five-axis linkage machine tool. The fixture 2 is installed on the rotating worktable 6 of the five-axis linkage machine tool. The rotating worktable 6 can drive the fixture 2 and the turbine disk 11 clamped thereon to rotate together, thereby realizing the movement of one axis of the five-axis linkage machine tool; the grinding wheel 3 is installed on the main shaft 7 of the five-axis linkage machine tool, and the main shaft 7 can drive the grinding wheel 3 to rotate and move, thereby realizing the movement of four axes of the five-axis linkage machine tool.

[0100] like Figure 13-Figure 53 As shown, the grinding wheel 3 can rotate and move driven by the main shaft 7. A plurality of grinding parts 15 are provided on the grinding wheel 3. The grinding parts 15 are eccentrically arranged with respect to the axis of the main shaft 7 and can rotate relative to the axis of the main shaft 7. The rotation is utilized to realize the grinding process of the tenon groove 10 of the turbine disk 11.

[0101] Among them, the action forms of the main shaft 7 corresponding to different numbers of grinding parts 15 are different. Therefore, in this embodiment, the grinding wheel 3 is divided into two categories according to the number of grinding parts 15 thereon, one category is that the grinding wheel 3 is provided with a single grinding part 15, and the other category is that the grinding wheel 3 is provided with multiple grinding parts 15.

[0102] However, no matter which type of grinding wheel 3 is used, the grinding wheel 3 is provided with an avoidance portion 17, which avoids the turbine disc 11 to facilitate the grinding section 15 to enter the working position, that is, to facilitate the feeding. Specifically, along the rotation direction of the grinding section 15, the upstream and downstream of the grinding section 15 are provided with avoidance portions 17 for the turbine disc 11 to pass through. It can be understood that when a single grinding section 15 is used, the upstream and downstream of the grinding section 15 are connected to form a whole along the rotation direction; when multiple grinding sections 15 are used, along the rotation direction, the upstream area and downstream area of ​​a grinding section 15 are separated by other grinding sections 15.

[0103] A tool handle 19 is installed on the grinding wheel 3 to facilitate the installation of the grinding wheel 3 on the spindle 7. The grinding wheel 3 is installed on the spindle 7 through the tool handle 19, and the tool handle 19 and the grinding wheel 3 are connected by fastening bolts 12. After the grinding wheel 3 and the tool handle 19 are matched, a dynamic balance ring is used for dynamic balancing, and the dynamic balance grade is G2.5.

[0104] The structure of the connection part between the tool handle 19 and the spindle 7 is determined by the structure of the spindle 7; the connection part with the grinding wheel 3 adopts a transition fit for easy disassembly. The grinding wheel 3 and the spindle 7 have good coaxiality, and the runout of the grinding wheel 3 during grinding should be less than 5μm, thereby ensuring the grinding accuracy of the mortise and tenon 10.

[0105] The grinding part 15 of the grinding wheel 3 has abrasive grains of diamond or cubic boron nitride (CBN) and is manufactured by brazing or electroplating; the grinding part 15 has an arc-shaped structure, whose shape matches the structure of the mortise and tenon 10, and the processing accuracy is 1-2 levels higher than the accuracy of the mortise and tenon 10 to ensure the accuracy of the mortise and tenon 10 after grinding.

[0106] According to the different structures from the tool handle 19 to the grinding part 15 in the radial direction, each type of grinding wheel 3 is divided into two types, one is the grinding claw 14 with the grinding part 15 , and the other is the grooved structure grinding wheel 18 with the grinding part 15 .

[0107] Taking the grinding wheel 3 provided with grinding claws 14 as an example, the grinding wheel 3 includes the grinding claws 14 and the grinding part 15 connected to each other. The grinding wheel 3 is installed on the main shaft 7 through the tool handle 19. The grinding part 15 is located at the radial end of each grinding claw 14, and the grinding part 15 matches the profile of the mortise and tenon 10.

[0108] When the grinding wheel 3 adopts a single grinding claw 14, the grinding wheel 3 is provided with a single grinding portion 15, which reciprocates relative to the processing position of the turbine disc 11 under the drive of the spindle 7. Specifically, Figure 54-Figure 56 As shown, the grinding portion 15 at the end of the grinding claw 14 is a pendulum-shaped trajectory, and a single grinding claw 14 is Fig.54 The initial position starts to rotate, and after Fig.55 Move to the middle position of Fig.56 The end position of the turbine disc 11 and the groove 10 are processed in one direction, and then Fig.56 The starting position of Fig.55 Move to the middle position of Fig.54 The end position is reached, thereby completing a reverse stroke processing, and the grinding is repeated until the grinding accuracy of the tenon groove 10 of the turbine disk 11 meets the processing requirements.

[0109] The annular area of ​​the grinding wheel 3 outside the single grinding claw 14 is an escape portion 17 , which facilitates the cutting and reduces the weight of the grinding wheel 3 .

[0110] When the grinding wheel 3 adopts a structure of multiple grinding claws 14, the grinding wheel 3 is a type in which multiple grinding parts 15 are provided on the grinding wheel 3, all the grinding claws 14 are distributed circumferentially along the axis of the main shaft 7, and the grinding claws 14 rotate around the axis of the main shaft 7 under the drive of the main shaft 7. The circumferential width of adjacent grinding claws 14 is greater than or equal to the thickness of the turbine disk 11; an avoidance part 17 is formed between two circumferentially adjacent grinding claws 14, and the circumferential width of the avoidance part 17 is greater than or equal to the axial thickness of the machined turbine disk 11.

[0111] The circumferential width of the gap between adjacent grinding claws 14 on the grinding wheel 3 is greater than or equal to the thickness of the turbine disk 11 to ensure that the turbine disk 11 can smoothly pass through the gap, thereby achieving the grinding process of the mortise and tenon 10 .

[0112] like Figure 45-Figure 48 As shown, the grinding wheel 3 is provided with six grinding claws 14; the process of grinding the mortise and tenon 10 by using the grinding wheel 3 with six grinding claws 14 is as follows: Figure 57-Figure 59 shown.

[0113] like Figure 37-Figure 40 As shown, the grinding wheel 3 is provided with four grinding claws 14; Figure 29-Figure 32 As shown, the grinding wheel 3 is provided with three grinding claws 14; Figure 21-24 As shown, the grinding wheel 3 is provided with two grinding claws 14 structures.

[0114] Taking the main body of the grinding wheel 3 as an example, the slotted structure grinding wheel 18 is installed on the main shaft 7 through the tool handle 19. One axial end of the slotted structure grinding wheel 18 is connected to the tool handle 19, and the other axial end is provided with a protruding grinding part 15 that matches the surface structure of the tenon 10.

[0115] When a single grinding part 15 is provided on the grooved structure grinding wheel 18, it is a type in which a single grinding part 15 is provided on the grinding wheel 3, and the main shaft 7 is driven to rotate. The single grinding part 15 is a C-shaped structure with a groove, and the groove position is used as an avoidance part 17; it starts to rotate from the position of the avoidance part 17, and completes one grinding when it reaches the avoidance part 17 after one rotation, and the rotation cycle grinding is performed in this way until the grinding accuracy of the tenon groove 10 of the turbine disc 11 meets the processing requirements.

[0116] The slotted position serves as an avoidance portion 17 to facilitate cutting and reduce the weight of the grinding wheel 3 .

[0117] When a plurality of grinding parts 15 are provided on the slotted structure grinding wheel 18, it is a type in which a plurality of grinding parts 15 are provided on the grinding wheel 3, all the grinding parts 15 are arranged circumferentially at intervals along the axis of the main shaft 7, and an avoidance part 17 is formed between two adjacent grinding parts 15 along the circumferential direction; the circumferential width of the avoidance part 17 is greater than or equal to the axial thickness of the machined turbine disk 11. It can ensure that the turbine disk 11 smoothly passes through the avoidance part 17 at the slotted position, so that the grinding process of the mortise and tenon groove 10 can be realized.

[0118] like Figure 49-Figure 53 As shown, the slotted structure grinding wheel 18 is provided with six grinding wheels 3 structures, which is a six-slot slotted structure grinding wheel 18; Figure 41-44 As shown, there are four grinding wheels 3 on the slotted structure grinding wheel 18, which is a slotted structure grinding wheel 18; Figure 33-Figure 36 As shown, the slotted structure grinding wheel 18 is provided with three grinding wheels 3, which is a three-slot slotted structure grinding wheel 18; Figure 25-28 As shown, a grooved structure grinding wheel 18 is provided with two grinding wheels 3 structures, which is a double-grooved grooved structure grinding wheel 18.

[0119] When the number of grinding claws 14 on the grinding wheel 3 is greater than or equal to 2, the maximum circumferential width between two adjacent grinding claws 14 is not less than the thickness of the turbine disk 11; similarly, when the number of grinding portions 15 on the slotted structure grinding wheel 18 is greater than 2, the circumferential thickness between adjacent grinding portions 15 needs to be greater than or equal to the thickness of the turbine disk 11 to ensure that the avoidance portion 17 on the grinding wheel 3 can smoothly pass through the mortise and tenon 10 of the turbine disk 11, thereby realizing the grinding processing of the mortise and tenon 10.

[0120] The maximum number of the grinding claws 14 on the grinding wheel 3 and the grinding portions 15 on the slotted structure grinding wheel 18 can be calculated by formula (1), and the maximum number of the avoidance portions 17 can be calculated by formula (2):

[0121]

[0122] Among them, n max is the maximum number of grinding claws 14 on the grinding wheel 3 / grinding parts 15 on the slotted structure grinding wheel 18, D is the inner diameter of the grinding claws 14 on the grinding wheel 3 / grinding parts 15 on the slotted structure grinding wheel 18, d1 is the width of the grinding claws 14 on the grinding wheel 3 / grinding parts 15 on the slotted structure grinding wheel 18, and its width range is (0,πD), d2 is the gap between two adjacent grinding claws 14 on the grinding wheel 3 / grinding parts 15 on the slotted structure grinding wheel 18, and its minimum value is the thickness of Ⅱ-5-turbine disk 11, and the maximum value cannot exceed the inner circumference of the grinding claws 14 / grinding parts 15 on the slotted structure grinding wheel 18.

[0123]

[0124] Wherein, d3 is the width of the avoidance portion 17 , the minimum value of which is the thickness of the turbine disk 11 , and the maximum value cannot exceed the inner circumference of the grinding portion 15 on the grinding claw 14 / slotted structure grinding wheel 18 .

[0125] The main shaft 7 drives the grinding part 15 and the rotating worktable 6 to work together, so that the single grinding track of the grinding part 15 on the turbine disk 11 matches the contour shape of the tenon groove 10; the single grinding track of the grinding part 15 on the straight tenon groove turbine disk 11 is a straight line segment parallel to the axis of the turbine disk 11; the single grinding track of the grinding part 15 on the oblique tenon groove turbine disk 11 is a straight line segment at an angle to the axis of the turbine disk 11; Fig.60 As shown, a single grinding trajectory of the arc tongue and groove turbine disk 11 by the grinding portion 15 is an arc line segment.

[0126] Example 2

[0127] In another typical embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1-Figure 60 As shown, a processing method for a turbine disc tenon and groove forming grinding device is provided.

[0128] Using the turbine disc tenon-groove forming grinding device as in Example 1, the following steps are included:

[0129] The grinding wheel 3 is mounted on the spindle 7, and the turbine disc 11 to be processed is clamped in the fixture 2;

[0130] According to the set grinding trajectory and grinding parameters, the grinding wheel 3 performs grinding processing on the tenon groove 10 of the turbine disc 11;

[0131] After the processing of the tenon groove 10 is completed, the rotating workbench 6 drives the turbine disk 11 to rotate and adjust the position, and the grinding processing of the next tenon groove 10 is carried out, and this cycle is repeated until the grinding processing of all the tenons 10 of the turbine disk 11 is completed.

[0132] In this embodiment, combining Embodiment 1 and Figure 1-Figure 60 , the processing method is described in detail.

[0133] Step 1: Clean the fixed workbench 4, the rotating workbench 6, the grinding wheel 3, the fixture 2 and the tenon 10 of the machine tool 1;

[0134] Step 2: Install the fixture 2 and the turbine disk 11 to be ground on the rotating worktable 6, and ensure that the parallelism between the turbine disk 11 and the worktable is less than 10μm; and install the grinding wheel 3 on the spindle 7, ensuring that the runout of the grinding wheel 3 during rotation is less than 5μm.

[0135] Step 3: Write a grinding program through programming software, determine the grinding trajectory and grinding parameters of the spindle 7, and perform grinding of the mortise and tenon 10; first grind one side of the mortise and tenon 10, and then grind the other side until the machining accuracy of the mortise and tenon 10 reaches the required accuracy requirement; then rotate the worktable 6 by a certain angle (the rotation angle is 360° divided by the number of mortise and tenon 10), and start grinding the next mortise and tenon 10; repeat this cycle until the grinding of all mortise and tenon 10 is completed.

[0136] The grinding track of the spindle 7 is determined by the structure of the tenon groove 10. When grinding a straight tenon groove, the grinding track of the single spindle 7 is a straight line segment parallel to the axis of the turbine disk 11; when grinding an oblique tenon groove, the grinding track of the single spindle 7 is a straight line segment that forms a certain angle with the axis of the turbine disk 11, that is, a straight line segment parallel to the axial symmetry plane of the oblique tenon groove; when grinding an arc-shaped tenon groove, the grinding track of the single spindle 7 is an arc segment;

[0137] The grinding wheel 3 with grinding claws 14 can use a single or multiple grinding claws 14 during the grinding process; when a single grinding claw 14 is used, the trajectory of the grinding portion 15 adopts a pendulum-shaped trajectory, that is, the grinding claw 14 reciprocates within a certain angle to grind the mortise and tenon 10, so as to improve the grinding efficiency; when multiple grinding claws 14 are used, the trajectory of the grinding portion 15 can adopt a pendulum-shaped trajectory or a circular trajectory according to actual needs.

[0138] The grinding parameters include the rotation speed of the grinding wheel 3, the feed speed of the spindle 7 and the grinding depth, which are determined according to the material of the turbine disc 11 and the processing requirements of the mortise and tenon 10; the inner diameter linear speed of the grinding wheel 3 is set to 10-80m / s, and the rotation speed of the grinding wheel 3 is converted according to the diameter of the grinding wheel 3; the feed speed of the spindle 7 is set to 50-3000mm / min; and the grinding depth is set to 0.005-0.5mm. The grinding parameters are adjusted according to the actual processing requirements.

[0139] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A turbine disc tenon and groove forming grinding device, characterized in that: include: A fixture is installed on a rotating worktable of a five-axis linkage machine tool, and the fixture is provided with a clamping portion for carrying a turbine disc; The grinding wheel is installed on the main shaft of the five-axis linkage machine tool; the grinding wheel is provided with a plurality of grinding parts, the grinding parts are arranged eccentrically with the main shaft axis and can rotate around the main shaft axis; along the rotation direction of the grinding parts, the upstream and downstream of the grinding parts are provided with avoidance parts for the turbine disc to pass through; All grinding parts are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction along the main shaft axis, and an avoidance part is formed between two circumferentially adjacent grinding parts. The circumferential width of the avoidance part is greater than or equal to the axial thickness of the machined turbine disk.

2. The turbine disc tongue and groove forming grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding wheel comprises connected grinding claws and a grinding portion. The grinding wheel is mounted on the main shaft through a tool handle. The radial end of each grinding claw is provided with a grinding portion matching the mortise and tenon profile structure.

3. The turbine disc tongue and groove forming grinding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The grinding claws on the grinding wheel are: A single grinding claw reciprocates relative to the processing position of the turbine disk under the drive of the spindle; or at least two grinding claws are configured as follows: all grinding claws are distributed circumferentially along the spindle axis and rotate around the spindle axis under the drive of the spindle.

4. The turbine disc tongue and groove forming grinding device according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the grinding wheel has at least two grinding claws, an escape portion is formed between two adjacent grinding claws in the circumferential direction, and the circumferential width of the escape portion is greater than or equal to the axial thickness of the machined turbine disk.

5. The turbine disc tongue and groove forming grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding wheel is a slotted grinding wheel, one axial end of which is connected to a tool handle and is installed on a spindle through the tool handle, and the other axial end is provided with a protruding grinding portion that matches the mortise and tenon profile structure.

6. The turbine disc tongue and groove forming grinding device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The grinding part on the grinding wheel is: A single grinding part is a C-shaped structure with a slot, and the slot position serves as an escape portion; or, at least two grinding parts.

7. The turbine disc tongue and groove forming grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main shaft drives the grinding part and the rotating worktable to work together, so that the single grinding track of the turbine disc by the grinding part matches the contour shape of the tongue and groove.

8. The turbine disc tongue and groove forming grinding device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The single grinding trajectory of the grinding part for the straight tenon groove turbine disk is a straight line segment parallel to the axis of the turbine disk; the single grinding trajectory of the grinding part for the oblique tenon groove turbine disk is a straight line segment at an angle to the axis of the turbine disk; the single grinding trajectory of the grinding part for the arc tenon groove turbine disk is an arc segment.

9. A method for machining a turbine disc tongue and groove forming grinding device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: include: The grinding wheel is installed on the spindle, and the turbine disc to be processed is clamped in the fixture; According to the set grinding trajectory and grinding parameters, the turbine disc tenon and groove are ground by the grinding wheel; After the mortise and tenon processing is completed, the rotating worktable drives the turbine disc to rotate and adjust the position, and the grinding of the next mortise and tenon is carried out. This cycle is repeated until the grinding of all the mortise and tenon of the turbine disc is completed.

10. The processing method of turbine disc tongue and groove forming grinding device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The grinding trajectory and grinding parameters of the grinding part processing position are set according to the structure of the mortise and tenon.

Images