A ground-based apparatus and process for the directional chemical reaction

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of heavy oil exploitation, and discloses a ground generating device and process for directional chemical reaction, which can reduce energy consumption and improve efficiency of heavy oil exploitation. The device comprises a chemical reaction generating device shell filled with catalyst, a water injection port and a gas injection port are formed on the shell; a mixing chamber with a fluid outlet is connected with the shell; a water flow channel is arranged in the shell, the beginning end of the water flow channel is communicated with the water injection port, the end is communicated with the mixing chamber, and a heating pipe for heating the catalyst is arranged in the shell. Wherein, the raw gas passes through the inside of the shell and reacts with the catalyst therein, the heat generated by the reaction is used to heat the water entering the water flow channel through the water injection port to generate water vapor, the reaction products generated after the raw gas reacts with the catalyst and the raw gas which does not react and the water vapor enter the mixing chamber together, mix to form high-temperature hot fluid, and are discharged through the fluid outlet for downhole gas injection.

Description

A ground-based generating device and process for directed chemical reactions Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heavy oil extraction technology, specifically to a surface generation device and process for directional chemical reactions. Background Technology

[0002] Heavy oil resources are abundant and have enormous development potential, but due to their inherent properties, their development is far more difficult than that of conventional crude oil, with high production costs, low recovery rates, and the need for dilution or heating before pipeline transportation. In-situ enhancement through targeted chemical reactions of heavy oil and compliance with environmental requirements both require greater investment and more advanced technological support.

[0003] Currently, there are many methods for heavy oil extraction, mainly including open-pit mining, cold sand extraction, steam injection, and solvent injection. Different heavy oil extraction technologies have different advantages and disadvantages. Open-pit mining is limited to producing layers of 50-75m; cold sand extraction has a recovery rate of only 5%-15% and is not suitable for reservoirs with high viscosity bitumen or strong edge and bottom water; steam huff and puff has a recovery rate of only 15%-25%; the implementation of steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) technology requires a large amount of water resources and will cause a certain amount of CO2 emissions. Moreover, SAGD technology has low thermal efficiency and poor extraction effect in reservoirs with thin layers, poor physical properties, edge and bottom water, and interlayers; and the burning of oil layers is complex and difficult to control, so there are not many successful examples of oilfield trials.

[0004] Furthermore, the vast global resources, including unconventional oil and gas resources such as shale oil contained in shale formations, have yet to achieve a true breakthrough. While the principles of ICP in-situ kerogen pyrolysis and shale oil electrothermal in-situ extraction directional chemical reaction in-situ enhancement technologies are feasible, there are currently no applicable surface generation devices for directional chemical reactions in heavy oil production. Even if such devices were available, existing surface chemical catalytic reactions are primarily aimed at obtaining liquid products and are used in the refining and chemical industries, with no reports of their application in heavy oil development. Moreover, refining and chemical equipment cannot be integrated with heavy oil thermal recovery equipment and processes. Therefore, to realize the vigorous development of heavy oil through directional chemical reaction in-situ enhancement technologies, there is an urgent need in this field for a surface generation device and process suitable for directional chemical reactions in heavy oil extraction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to reduce energy consumption and improve extraction efficiency of heavy oil, this invention proposes a surface generation device and process for directional chemical reaction.

[0006] According to the present invention, a surface generating device for directed chemical reaction comprises: a chemical reaction generating device housing, the chemical reaction generating device housing being filled with a catalyst, and a water injection port and a gas injection port formed on the chemical reaction generating device housing; a mixing chamber connected to the chemical reaction generating device housing, the mixing chamber having a fluid outlet; a water flow channel disposed within the chemical reaction generating device housing, the beginning of the water flow channel being connected to the water injection port and the end being connected to the mixing chamber; and a heating pipe disposed within the chemical reaction generating device housing for heating the catalyst. The feed gas enters the interior of the chemical reaction generating device housing through the gas injection port and reacts with the catalyst therein. The heat generated by the reaction is used to heat water entering the water flow channel through the water injection port to generate water vapor. The reaction products generated after the feed gas reacts with the catalyst, along with unreacted feed gas and water vapor, enter the mixing chamber for mixing and are discharged through the fluid outlet for downhole gas injection.

[0007] Furthermore, the water injection port and the gas injection port are located at the front end of the chemical reaction generating device shell, and the mixing chamber is located at the rear end of the chemical reaction generating device shell. The chemical reaction generating device shell is provided with at least two hollow partitions spaced apart from the front end to the rear end to divide the chemical reaction generating device shell into multiple connected accommodating cavities. Each accommodating cavity can accommodate the same type of catalyst or multiple different types of catalysts. The types of catalysts contained in each accommodating cavity are the same or different, so as to realize the graded control of the exothermic reaction of the directional chemical reaction or the composition of the reaction products, thereby realizing the efficient occurrence of the directional chemical reaction and the acquisition of the high-temperature hot fluid medium to meet the needs of oil well exploitation.

[0008] Furthermore, the heating tubes extend from the front end to the rear end, and are spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to their extension.

[0009] Furthermore, the water flow channel includes a spiral channel distributed in a spiral shape within the housing of the chemical reaction generating device. The spiral channel is embedded within the catalyst, with its beginning connected to the water inlet and its end connected to the mixing chamber.

[0010] Furthermore, the shell of the chemical reaction generating device is formed as a cylinder, which includes an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder. The catalyst is filled in the inner cylinder, and the water flow channel also includes a heating channel formed between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder. The heating channel is simultaneously connected to the water inlet, the beginning of the spiral channel, and the end of the spiral channel.

[0011] Furthermore, the ground-based generating device for the directional chemical reaction is tilted relative to the horizontal plane so that both the water inlet and the air inlet are positioned higher than the fluid outlet.

[0012] Furthermore, the mixing chamber is formed into a cone, and the area of ​​the cone that contacts the ground is formed into a plane.

[0013] The surface generation process for directed chemical reaction according to the present invention includes heating the catalyst in the surface generation device for directed chemical reaction to the initial reaction temperature so that the feed gas reacts with the catalyst, using the heat generated during the reaction to heat the water in the water flow channel to generate water vapor, and mixing the reaction products generated after the feed gas reacts with the catalyst, the unreacted feed gas and the water vapor together to form a high-temperature hot fluid, which is then discharged for downhole gas injection.

[0014] Furthermore, the feed gas includes H2 and CO, with a CO to H2 ratio ranging from 1:3 to 1:1. The injection space velocity of the feed gas into the ground-based generator used for directed chemical reactions is 8000-10000 Nm. 3 / m 3 .

[0015] Furthermore, the temperature range for heating the catalyst is 230℃-300℃, and the temperature range can be graded and controlled according to the requirements of the catalyst, chemical reaction, and chemical reaction products.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the ground-based generator and process for directional chemical reactions of the present invention increase the temperature and dryness of the injection medium by generating heat through the chemical catalytic reaction of feed gas, while forming a multi-component composite medium for heavy oil thermal utilization, thereby effectively reducing the energy consumption of heavy oil extraction and improving the extraction efficiency of heavy oil. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 is a front cross-sectional schematic diagram of the structure of a ground-based device for directional chemical reaction according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 is a front view schematic diagram of a ground generating device for directional chemical reaction according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the ground generating device for directional chemical reaction is inclined relative to the horizontal plane;

[0019] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the installation of a ground-based generating device for directional chemical reactions according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To better understand the purpose, structure, and function of this invention, the invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Figures 1 and 2 illustrate the structure of a ground-based chemical reaction generator 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the ground-based chemical reaction generator 100 includes: a chemical reaction generator housing 1, which is filled with a catalyst 5, and has a water inlet 11 and a gas inlet 12 formed on the housing 1; a mixing chamber 4 connected to the housing 1, which has a fluid outlet 41; a water flow channel 2 disposed within the housing 1, the beginning of which is connected to the water inlet 11 and the end of which is connected to the mixing chamber 4; and a heating pipe 3 disposed within the housing 1 for heating the catalyst 5. In this process, the raw material gas enters the interior of the chemical reaction generating device housing 1 through the gas injection port 12 and reacts with the catalyst 5 therein. The heat generated by the reaction is used to heat the water entering the water flow channel 2 through the water injection port 11 to generate water vapor. The reaction products generated after the raw material gas reacts with the catalyst 5, along with the unreacted raw material gas and water vapor, enter the mixing chamber 4 together to form a high-temperature hot fluid (which can be 300-500℃) and is discharged through the fluid outlet 41 for use in downhole gas injection.

[0022] Referring to Figure 3, when the ground generating device 100 for directional chemical reaction of this embodiment of the invention is working, the raw material gas generating device 300 can be connected to the gas injection port 12 for injecting raw material gas, the water injection device 200 can be connected to the water injection port 11 for injecting water, the heating source 400 can be connected to the heating pipe 3 for heating the heating pipe 3, and the fluid outlet 41 can be connected to the wellhead 500 for injecting gas into the well. The heating tube 3 heats the catalyst to the initial reaction temperature that allows the feed gas to react chemically with the catalyst. The feed gas reacts with the catalyst to generate reaction products (including but not limited to various alkanes, alkenes, etc.). The heat generated during the chemical reaction can be used to heat the water entering the water flow channel 2 through the water injection port 11 to generate water vapor. The reaction products, the unreacted feed gas, and the water vapor are mixed together to form the injection medium for downhole use. The mixing of water vapor can increase the injection temperature and dryness of the injection medium. The surface generating device 100 for directional chemical reaction in this embodiment of the invention increases the temperature and dryness of the injection medium by generating heat through the reaction of feed gas and chemical catalysis. At the same time, it forms a multi-component composite medium for heavy oil thermal utilization, thereby effectively reducing the energy consumption of heavy oil extraction and improving the extraction efficiency of heavy oil.

[0023] In the preferred embodiment shown in Figure 1, the water injection port 11 and the gas injection port 12 are located at the front end of the chemical reaction generating device housing 1, and the mixing chamber 4 is located at the rear end of the chemical reaction generating device housing 1. The chemical reaction generating device housing 1 is provided with at least two hollow partitions 15 spaced apart from the front end to the rear end to divide the chemical reaction generating device housing 1 into multiple connected accommodating cavities. Each accommodating cavity can accommodate the same type of catalyst or multiple different types of catalysts. The types of catalysts contained in each accommodating cavity are the same or different, so as to realize the graded control of the exothermic reaction of the directional chemical reaction or the composition of the reaction products, thereby realizing the efficient occurrence of the directional chemical reaction and the acquisition of the high-temperature hot fluid medium to meet the needs of oil well exploitation. In this embodiment, the perforated partition 15 enables communication between the various accommodating cavities. Each accommodating cavity can accommodate the same type of catalyst or multiple different types of catalysts. In the case where different types of catalysts are contained in the same accommodating cavity, the different types of catalysts can be mixed and then filled into the accommodating cavity. The different types of catalysts can also be arranged in layers in the accommodating cavity to achieve a graded configuration of the multi-stage catalysts. The arrangement of multiple accommodating cavities can achieve a further graded configuration of the catalysts located in different accommodating cavities, so as to achieve graded control of the exothermic reaction of the directional chemical reaction or the composition of the reaction products, thereby achieving the efficient occurrence of the directional chemical reaction and the acquisition of the high-temperature hot fluid medium to meet the needs of oil well exploitation.

[0024] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 1, the heating tubes 3 extend from the front end to the rear end, and are spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to their extension. This arrangement facilitates more uniform heating of the catalyst. Preferably, the number of heating tubes 3 can be selected according to actual needs, and the catalyst 5 can be heated by electric heating or by introducing steam into the heating tubes 3.

[0025] According to the present invention, in a preferred embodiment as shown in FIG. 1, the water flow channel 2 may include a spiral channel 21 arranged in a spiral shape within the housing 1 of the chemical reaction generating device. The spiral channel 21 is embedded within the catalyst 5, with its beginning connected to the water inlet 11 and its end connected to the mixing chamber 4. By providing the spiral channel 21, the flow time of water within the spiral channel 21 can be increased, thereby enhancing the heat exchange capacity of the water and facilitating its more complete conversion into water vapor. By embedding the spiral channel 21 within the catalyst 5, the heat generated by the reaction of the catalyst 5 can be directly utilized by the water within the spiral channel 21, thus enabling the water to be heated more efficiently to generate water vapor. Preferably, the spiral channel 21 may be in the shape of a cylindrical helix.

[0026] In the preferred embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2, the housing 1 of the chemical reaction generating device can be formed as a cylinder, which may include an outer cylinder 23 and an inner cylinder 24. The catalyst 5 is filled in the inner cylinder 24. The water flow channel 2 also includes a heating channel 22 formed between the inner cylinder 24 and the outer cylinder 23. The heating channel 22 is simultaneously connected to the water inlet 11, the beginning of the spiral channel 21, and the end of the spiral channel 21. The heating channel 22 can achieve a cooling effect on the outer peripheral wall of the housing 1 of the chemical reaction generating device, thereby ensuring the safety of the ground generating device 100 used for directional chemical reactions.

[0027] Preferably, the dimensions of the water flow channel 2 (including the spiral channel 21 and the heating channel 22) can be selected according to actual needs to meet the control of water injection flow rate.

[0028] In the preferred embodiment shown in Figure 2, the ground-based generating device 100 for the directional chemical reaction can be inclined relative to the horizontal plane, so that the positions of the water inlet 11 and the air inlet 12 are both higher than the position of the fluid outlet 41. This arrangement allows the products of the directional chemical reaction to flow to the fluid outlet 41 in a timely manner. Preferably, the inclination angle α can be 15-75°.

[0029] Furthermore, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the mixing chamber 4 can be formed as a cone, with the area of ​​the cone in contact with the ground being formed as a plane. This arrangement facilitates the faster accumulation of the products of the directional chemical reaction at the fluid outlet 41 for more rapid discharge; it also improves the stability of the ground-based generator 100 for the directional chemical reaction when mounted on the ground.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG2, a baffle plate may be formed within the mixing chamber 4 to prevent fluid from being discharged through the fluid outlet. The baffle plate may include a first baffle 43 to prevent water droplets formed by the accumulation of water vapor on the upper inner wall of the mixing chamber 4 from flowing towards the fluid outlet 41, and a second baffle 43 to prevent water droplets formed by the accumulation of water vapor on the lower inner wall of the mixing chamber 4 from flowing towards the fluid outlet 41. The combined action of the first baffle 43 and the second baffle 44 can prevent most of the water droplets from flowing towards the fluid outlet 41. Preferably, the first baffle 43 and the second baffle 44 are vertically arranged in the installation state shown in FIG2, and the first baffle 43 and the second baffle 44 are staggered in the vertical direction, with the second baffle 44 positioned closer to the fluid outlet 41 than the first baffle 43. This arrangement can further reduce the amount of water droplets flowing towards the fluid outlet 41.

[0031] In the preferred embodiment shown in Figure 1, the mixing chamber 4 can be connected to other devices or pipelines via a one-way valve 42, the position and size of which can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0032] According to the surface generation process for directed chemical reaction of the present invention, the catalyst 5 in the surface generation device 100 for directed chemical reaction is heated to the initial reaction temperature to react the feed gas with the catalyst 5, the heat generated during the reaction is used to heat the water in the water flow channel 2 to generate water vapor, and the reaction products generated after the reaction of the feed gas with the catalyst, the unreacted feed gas and the water vapor are mixed together to form a high-temperature hot fluid and then discharged for downhole gas injection.

[0033] When using the ground-based generation process for directed chemical reaction according to this invention, the heating pipe 3 can be turned on, and the required heating temperature (preferably 230℃-300℃) can be set to heat the catalyst, so that the catalyst reaches the temperature conditions for directed chemical reaction. After the catalyst temperature reaches the reaction temperature, the raw material gas is injected through the gas injection port 12 at a certain rate. The water injected through the water injection port 11 continuously and efficiently exchanges heat under the action of the water flow channel 2, and the temperature rises rapidly to form water vapor. Preferably, the gas injection or water injection rate can be adjusted according to the temperature at the fluid outlet 41. When the fluid temperature at the fluid outlet 41 is low, on the one hand, the heat release of the directed chemical reaction can be increased by increasing the injection rate of the raw material gas, thereby increasing the fluid temperature at the fluid outlet 41; on the other hand, the water injection rate can be reduced to prolong the heating time of the fluid in the water flow channel 2, thereby achieving the effect of increasing the temperature at the fluid outlet 41.

[0034] The surface generation process for directed chemical reaction in this invention increases the temperature and dryness of the injection medium by generating heat through the chemical catalytic reaction of feed gas and chemical reaction. Simultaneously, it forms a multi-component composite medium for heavy oil thermal extraction, effectively reducing energy consumption and improving extraction efficiency. This surface generation process can be used in conjunction with oilfield hot water / steam / multi-component thermal fluid processes. The heated water and the products of the directed chemical reaction can be injected into the well through a one-way valve 8 under pressure differential, achieving thermal extraction of heavy oil / oil sands.

[0035] Preferably, the feed gas may include H2 and CO, with the CO to H2 ratio ranging from 1:3 to 1:1. The injection space velocity of the feed gas into the ground-based generator 100 for directed chemical reaction is preferably 8000-10000 Nm. 3 / m 3 .

[0036] Furthermore, the temperature range for heating catalyst 5 can be 230℃-300℃, and the temperature range can be graded and controlled according to the requirements of the catalyst, chemical reaction and chemical reaction products.

[0037] It should be noted that, unless otherwise stated, the technical or scientific terms used in this application should have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0038] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of the present invention. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way. The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A ground-based generator for directed chemical reactions, characterized in that, include: A chemical reaction generating device housing is provided, which is filled with a catalyst. The housing has a water inlet and a gas inlet. A mixing chamber connected to the housing has a fluid outlet. A water flow channel is located within the housing, with its beginning connected to the water inlet and its end connected to the mixing chamber. A heating tube within the housing is also provided for heating the catalyst. Raw material gas enters the housing through the gas inlet and reacts with the catalyst. The heat generated from the reaction heats the water entering the water flow channel through the water inlet to produce steam. The reaction products and unreacted gases produced after the reaction are also described. The raw material gas and the water vapor from the reaction enter the mixing chamber together to form a high-temperature hot fluid, which is then discharged through the fluid outlet for downhole gas injection. The water injection port and the gas injection port are located at the front end of the chemical reaction generating device housing, and the mixing chamber is located at the rear end of the chemical reaction generating device housing. The chemical reaction generating device housing is provided with at least two perforated partitions spaced apart from the front end to the rear end to divide the chemical reaction generating device housing into multiple interconnected accommodating cavities. Each accommodating cavity can accommodate the same type of catalyst or multiple different types of catalysts. The types of catalysts contained in each accommodating cavity are the same or different, so as to achieve graded control of the exothermic reaction of the directional chemical reaction or the composition of the reaction products, thereby achieving efficient occurrence of the directional chemical reaction and obtaining the high-temperature hot fluid medium to meet the needs of oil well production.

2. The ground-based generating device for directed chemical reactions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating tubes extend from the front end to the rear end, and the heating tubes are arranged at intervals in a direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the heating tubes.

3. The ground-based generating device for directed chemical reactions according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The water flow channel includes a spiral channel distributed in a spiral shape within the housing of the chemical reaction generating device. The spiral channel is embedded within the catalyst. The beginning of the spiral channel is connected to the water inlet, and the end is connected to the mixing chamber.

4. The ground-based generating device for directed chemical reactions according to claim 3, characterized in that, The housing of the chemical reaction generating device is formed as a cylinder, which includes an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder. The catalyst is filled in the inner cylinder. The water flow channel also includes a heating channel formed between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder. The heating channel is simultaneously connected to the water inlet, the beginning of the spiral channel, and the end of the spiral channel.

5. The ground-based generating device for directed chemical reactions according to claim 4, characterized in that, The ground-based generating device for directional chemical reactions is inclined relative to the horizontal plane so that the positions of the water inlet and the air inlet are both higher than the position of the fluid outlet.

6. The ground-based generating device for directed chemical reactions according to claim 5, characterized in that, The mixing chamber is formed as a cone, and the area of ​​the cone that contacts the ground is formed as a plane.

7. A ground-based generation process for directed chemical reactions, characterized in that, The method includes heating the catalyst in the surface generating device for directed chemical reaction according to any one of claims 1 to 6 to the initial reaction temperature so that the feed gas reacts with the catalyst, using the heat generated during the reaction to heat the water in the water flow channel to generate water vapor, and discharging the high-temperature hot fluid formed by mixing the reaction products generated after the feed gas reacts with the catalyst, the unreacted feed gas, and the water vapor together for downhole gas injection.

8. The ground-based generation process for directed chemical reactions according to claim 7, characterized in that, The raw material gas includes H2 and CO, and the ratio of CO to H2 is in the range of 1:3 to 1:

1.

9. The ground-based generation process for directed chemical reactions according to claim 7, characterized in that, The temperature range for heating the catalyst is 230℃-300℃, and the temperature range is graded and controlled according to the requirements of the catalyst, chemical reaction and chemical reaction products.

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