A highly effective soil fumigant and its application in preventing and controlling soil-borne vegetable diseases

Abstract

The present invention discloses a high-efficiency soil fumigant, comprising the following raw materials in weight percentage: 0.2-1% of 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, 0.4-1.5% of wetting agent, 0.4-2.5% of penetrant and 0.1-0.3% of silicone defoamer, and the balance is water. The present invention also discloses a method for preparing a high-efficiency soil fumigant, which specifically comprises the following steps: (1) weighing each raw material; (2) mixing each raw material to obtain a high-efficiency soil fumigant. The high-efficiency soil fumigant of the present invention can effectively inhibit the growth and spread of various soil-borne pathogens such as tomato bacterial wilt, and promote plant growth. It can be used to prevent and treat plant diseases caused by various soil-borne pathogens, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the application of pesticides and ensuring the sustainable development of agriculture, and has broad application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of preventing and controlling vegetable soil-borne diseases, and more particularly to a high-efficiency soil fumigant and application thereof in preventing and controlling vegetable soil-borne diseases. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the continuous increase in the crop multiple cropping index and the monoculture of facility agriculture, the occurrence of soil-borne diseases has become more and more serious, which has seriously restricted the high-quality development of agriculture.

[0003] Soil-borne diseases refer to pathogens living in the soil or pathogens in the remains of diseased plants in the soil. When conditions are right, they attack the roots or stems of crops and cause plant diseases. Unlike other infectious diseases, soil-borne diseases are not spread through air currents or rainwater. Their pathogens are mainly spread and harmed through soil organic fertilizers, irrigation water or natural flowing water. The main parts of the damage are the roots in the underground part and the stems close to the ground. Except for some that occur in the seedling stage, most vegetables are harmed when they turn from the vegetative growth period to the reproductive growth period. Crop soil-borne diseases are a devastating disease. The initial infection source comes from diseased plants or contaminated soil. The spores of the pathogen can survive in the soil for many years. The disease is mainly transmitted through the soil and is highly contagious. Once it enters an area without the disease, it will spread and become difficult to control or even eradicate. In recent years, affected by various factors, vegetable soil-borne diseases have shown a new development momentum.

[0004] Pathogens such as fungi and bacteria may become the pathogens of soil-borne diseases. Ulcers, bacterial wilt, wilt, bacterial pith necrosis, root rot, blight, gray mold, and white rot caused by these pathogenic microorganisms often bring significant economic losses to agricultural production and seriously restrict the development of agriculture. Therefore, how to solve soil-borne diseases has become a global problem.

[0005] At present, the prevention and control of soil-borne diseases mainly rely on chemical pesticides. Among them, soil fumigation is a major soil disinfection technology, which is considered to be the most effective and direct method to control soil-borne diseases. It mainly contains halogenated hydrocarbons and compounds that can release methyl isothiocyanate when placed in the soil, such as dibromochloropropane, chloropicrin, methyl bromide, etc. However, these compounds are mostly gaseous, and have great risks and high economic costs during storage, transportation and use. Some varieties are banned or restricted due to their high toxicity and impact on the environment. Therefore, how to screen out efficient compounds with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity is a problem that technicians in this field urgently need to solve.

[0006] Many researchers believe that the cause of continuous cropping problems is closely related to phenolic acids in the secretions of crops themselves. Phenolic acids are an important cause of changes in soil microorganisms. Phenolic acids cause changes in soil microbial flora, populations and diversity, which in turn causes a surge in harmful microorganisms in the soil, leading to a large outbreak of soil-borne crop diseases. Phenolic acid plant-derived ingredients are relatively safe, green and ecological, but due to the influence of multiple factors such as soil conditions, field management, strain effectiveness and adaptability, the prevention and control effects in different regions and greenhouses are unstable and vary greatly.

[0007] Therefore, how to develop plant-derived ingredients into soil fumigants for the prevention and treatment of soil-borne diseases is an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency soil fumigant and its application in preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases of vegetables. According to the characteristics of 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, an application approach is proposed in order to achieve high-efficiency prevention and control of soil-borne diseases of vegetables.

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0010] A highly efficient soil fumigant comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 0.2-1% of 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, 0.4-1.5% of a wetting agent, 0.4-2.5% of a penetrant and 0.1-0.3% of an organosilicon defoaming agent, and the balance is water.

[0011] In the present invention, the molecular formula of 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol (2,4-DTBP) is C 14 H 22 O, which belongs to the phenolic acid class, is a natural compound found in medicinal plants. It has a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of weeds Leptochloa chinensis and Hedyotis verticillata and is a potential soil fungicide.

[0012] Furthermore, the wetting agent is sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate (AES).

[0013] Furthermore, the above-mentioned penetrant is Silwet408 penetrant.

[0014] Furthermore, the above-mentioned silicone defoaming agent is A-75 silicone defoaming agent.

[0015] A method for preparing a highly efficient soil fumigant comprises the following steps:

[0016] (1) Weighing various raw materials according to the weight percentage of the above-mentioned high-efficiency soil fumigant;

[0017] (2) Mix all the raw materials to obtain a highly effective soil fumigant.

[0018] The present invention also seeks to protect the use of the above-mentioned high-efficiency soil fumigant or the high-efficiency soil fumigant prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method in preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases of vegetables.

[0019] Furthermore, the specific operation steps of the above application are: mixing the high-efficiency soil fumigant with the soil and then sealing it.

[0020] Furthermore, the dosage of the above-mentioned high-efficiency soil fumigant is 5-10L / mu, and the dilution ratio is 1:500-1000 times.

[0021] Furthermore, the sealing treatment method is to seal by film covering, and after film covering, the film is buried in the soil around to maintain a closed environment for 5-15 days.

[0022] Furthermore, the above-mentioned soil-borne vegetable diseases are tomato canker (Clavibacter michiganense subsp. michiganse (Smith)), tomato bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum), tomato wilt (Fusarium oxysporum), tomato bacterial pith necrosis (Pseudomonas corrugata Roberts et Scarlett), tomato phytophthora root rot (Phytophthora infestans), pepper phytophthora (Phytophthora capsici Leonian), pepper gray mold (Botrytis cinerea), pepper bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum) and pepper white rot (Sclerotium rolfsii).

[0023] It can be seen from the above technical solution that compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] 1. The high-efficiency soil fumigant of the present invention can effectively inhibit the growth and spread of various soil-borne pathogens such as tomato bacterial wilt, and promote plant growth. It can be used to prevent and treat plant diseases caused by various soil-borne pathogens, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the application of pesticides and ensuring the sustainable development of agriculture. It has broad application prospects.

[0025] 2. The high-efficiency soil fumigant of the present invention has an inhibitory effect on the growth of various soil-borne pathogens of vegetables, among which the inhibition rate of tomato canker, tomato bacterial wilt, tomato bacterial pith necrosis, pepper phytophthora, pepper gray mold and pepper bacterial wilt is greater than 90%, and the inhibition rate of tomato wilt, tomato phytophthora root rot and pepper white rot is greater than 80%. The results of field soil-borne disease prevention and control tests before and after soil fumigation show that the use of the high-efficiency soil fumigant of the present invention significantly reduces the field incidence, disease level and disease index, and no disease occurs. At the same time, the population of soil-borne pathogens is greatly reduced, and the reduction rate reaches 88.6%. Therefore, for vegetable soils with soil-borne diseases, the high-efficiency soil fumigation of the present invention can effectively prevent and control, and the effect is remarkable. In actual production, it can be promoted and applied in a small area in combination with the incidence of soil-borne diseases, soil conditions and local management technology level. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 The effect of 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol fumigation on the virulence of Ralstonia solanacearum.

[0027] Figure 2 The effect of 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol fumigation on the transcriptome of Ralstonia solanacearum;

[0028] Figure 3 The effect of 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol fumigation on the colony morphology of Ralstonia solanacearum.

[0029] Figure 4 The effect of 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol fumigation on the cell membrane integrity of Ralstonia solanacearum;

[0030] Figure 5 The effect of 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol fumigation on the pathogenicity of Ralstonia solanacearum. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] A high-efficiency soil fumigant, comprising the following raw materials by weight: 0.2 g of 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, 0.4 g of AES wetting agent, 0.4 g of Silwet408 penetrant, 0.1 g of A-75 silicone defoamer and 98.9 g of water;

[0034] The preparation method of the above-mentioned high-efficiency soil fumigant specifically comprises the following steps:

[0035] (1) Weighing the raw materials according to the weight of the above-mentioned high-efficiency soil fumigant;

[0036] (2) Mix all the raw materials to obtain a highly effective soil fumigant.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] A high-efficiency soil fumigant, comprising the following raw materials by weight: 0.5 g of 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, 1 g of AES wetting agent, 1.5 g of Silwet 408 penetrant, 0.2 g of A-75 silicone defoamer and 96.8 g of water;

[0039] The preparation method of the above-mentioned high-efficiency soil fumigant specifically comprises the following steps:

[0040] (1) Weighing the raw materials according to the weight of the above-mentioned high-efficiency soil fumigant;

[0041] (2) Mix all the raw materials to obtain a highly effective soil fumigant.

[0042] Example 3

[0043] A high-efficiency soil fumigant, comprising the following raw materials by weight: 1 g of 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, 1.5 g of AES wetting agent, 2.5 g of Silwet408 penetrant, 0.3 g of A-75 silicone defoamer and 94.7 g of water;

[0044] The preparation method of the above-mentioned high-efficiency soil fumigant specifically comprises the following steps:

[0045] (1) Weighing the raw materials according to the weight of the above-mentioned high-efficiency soil fumigant;

[0046] (2) Mix all the raw materials to obtain a highly effective soil fumigant.

[0047] Performance Testing

[0048] Effects of 1,2,4-di-tert-butylphenol on the growth of various plant pathogens

[0049] (1) Pathogens, compounds and culture media

[0050] Pathogens: Clavibacter michiganense subsp. michiganse (Smith), Ralstonia solanacearum, Fusarium oxysporum, Pseudomonas corrugata Roberts et Scarlett, Phytophthora infestans, Phytophthora capsici Leonian, Botrytis cinerea, Ralstonia solanacearum, and Sclerotium rolfsii. The pathogens were stored in the laboratory refrigerator of the Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

[0051] Compound: 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol (brand: Aladdin);

[0052] PDA medium: 200 g peeled potatoes, 20 g glucose, 15 g agar, 1000 mL distilled water, natural pH.

[0053] (2) Test methods

[0054] Fungi and oomycetes: Add 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol to a 9 cm diameter culture dish at a concentration of 2.0 g / L (based on the fumigation space). Add 10 mL of PDA to another 9 cm diameter culture dish, and inoculate a 5 mm diameter fresh pathogen cake growing on the edge of the colony of tomato wilt (Fusarium oxysporum), tomato phytophthora root rot (Phytophthora infestans), pepper phytophthora capsici Leonian, pepper gray mold (Botrytis cinerea), and pepper white rot (Sclerotium rolfsii) in the center of the PDA plate. Then immediately invert the bottom dish containing the PDA plate and cover it on top of the bottom dish containing 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, wrap the two dishes tightly with sealing film, and culture at 30°C as the treatment group. Use a bottom dish without 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol to place the pathogen cake on the bottom dish as the blank control group. When the mycelium of the pathogen in the blank control group grew all over the dish, the cross method was used to measure the diameter of the pathogen colonies in the treatment group and the blank control group. Three replicates were used for each treatment. The inhibition rate was calculated according to the following formula: Inhibition rate (%) = (blank control group pathogen colony diameter - treatment group pathogen colony diameter) / (blank control group pathogen colony diameter - 6 mm) × 100%.

[0055] Bacteria: Add 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol to a 9 cm diameter culture dish at a concentration of 2.0 g / L (based on the fumigation space). Take 100 μL (OD value = 1.0) of soil-borne pathogens such as Clavibacter michiganense subsp. michiganse (Smith), Ralstonia solanacearum, and Pseudomonas corrugata Roberts et Scarlett and inoculate them into 10 mL of drug-containing culture medium, and culture them in a shaker at 30-32°C and 150-180 rpm; take a sample once after 5 days of culture, and measure the absorbance of the sample at 600 nm with an ultraviolet spectrophotometer and record it. Calculate the inhibition rate according to the following formula: Inhibition rate (%) = (OD value of the control group - OD value of the treatment group) / (OD value of the control group - OD value of the blank group) × 100%.

[0056] (3) Test results

[0057] As shown in Table 1-2.

[0058] Table 1 Inhibitory effect of 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol on the growth of soil-borne fungi and oomycetes

[0059] Plant pathogens Inhibition rate % Tomato wilt 74.5 Tomato Phytophthora Root Rot 78.2 Pepper Phytophthora 72.4 Botrytis cinerea 74.1 Sclerotium rot 82.5

[0060] Table 2 Inhibitory effect of 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol on the growth of soil-borne bacteria

[0061] Plant pathogens Inhibition rate % Tomato canker 94.6 Tomato bacterial wilt 98.4 Tomato bacterial pith necrosis 94.2

[0062] (4) Conclusion

[0063] As shown in Table 1, 2.0 g / L 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol had an inhibitory effect on the mycelial growth of various plant pathogens at 5 days, among which the mycelial growth inhibition rate of tomato Fusarium wilt was 74.5%, the mycelial growth inhibition rate of tomato Phytophthora root rot was 78.2%, the mycelial growth inhibition rate of pepper Phytophthora blight was 72.4%, the mycelial growth inhibition rate of pepper gray mold was 74.1%, and the mycelial growth inhibition rate of pepper white rot was 82.5%.

[0064] As shown in Table 2, 2.0 g / L 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol had an inhibitory effect on the growth of various plant pathogenic bacteria at 5 days. Among them, the growth inhibition rate of tomato canker was 94.6%, the growth inhibition rate of tomato bacterial wilt was 98.4%, and the growth inhibition rate of tomato bacterial pith necrosis was 94.2%.

[0065] Effect of 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol on the virulence of soil-borne bacteria

[0066] (1) Pathogens, compounds and culture media

[0067] Pathogens: Tomato canker (Clavibacter michiganense subsp. michiganse (Smith)), tomato bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum), tomato bacterial pith necrosis (Pseudomonas corrugataRoberts et Scarlett), pepper bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum).

[0068] Compound: 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol (brand: Aladdin);

[0069] NA medium: sucrose 10 g, peptone 5 g, beef extract 3 g, agar powder 15 g, distilled water 1000 mL, pH 7.0.

[0070] (2) Test methods

[0071] The soil (nutrient matrix: clay = 1:5) was mixed evenly, and several grams of soil was weighed and sterilized in a sterilizer at high temperature at 121°C for 30 minutes. After the soil was cooled, 10 grams of soil was weighed on an ultra-quiet workbench and placed in a 9-cm diameter culture dish that had been sterilized at high temperature. Clavibacter michiganense subsp. michiganse (Smith)), tomato bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum), tomato bacterial pith necrosis (Pseudomonascorrugata Roberts et Scarlett), and pepper bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum) were mixed into the soil at a concentration of 1.0×10 8cfu / g; then add 5g / L (based on the fumigation space) of 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol and mix well, seal the mouth of the culture dish with a sealing film to form a sealed space as the treatment group. The control group without adding 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol was cultured at 30℃. After fumigation for 5 days, 0.05% Tween aqueous solution was dissolved in the soil containing pathogens, shaken and mixed for 1min, and the supernatant was taken after standing for 30min. The supernatant was centrifuged at high speed (8000rpm, 10min) to collect the bacteria, washed twice with sterile water, and the collected bacteria were diluted with sterile water. The morphology was observed under a microscope, and the suspension of solanacearum was spread on the NA medium with a coating rod, cultured at 30℃ for 36h, and the survival rate at different lengths was observed and the inhibition rate was calculated. Among them, the survival rate (%) = the number of colonies in the treatment group / the number of colonies in the control group × 100%. Inhibition rate (%) = (the number of colonies in the control group - the number of colonies in the treatment group) / (the number of colonies in the control group - the number of colonies in the blank group) × 100%.

[0072] (3) Test results and analysis

[0073] As shown in Table 3 and Figure 1-2 shown.

[0074] Table 3 Inhibition of soil-borne diseases by 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol

[0075]

[0076]

[0077] From Table 3 and Figure 1-2 It can be seen that when the soil was fumigated with 2g / L 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol for more than 5 days, the bacterial survival rate between the treatment group and the control group was significantly different, and the toxin-producing ability and transcriptome of pepper bacterial wilt disease were significantly different.

[0078] (4) Conclusion

[0079] Fumigating the soil with 2g / L 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol for more than 5 days can effectively inhibit the growth of soil-borne bacteria such as pepper bacterial wilt in the soil, and prevent and control soil-borne bacterial diseases such as tomato canker, tomato bacterial wilt, tomato bacterial pith necrosis, and pepper bacterial wilt.

[0080] 3. Electron microscopic observation of the effect of 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol fumigation on the cell morphology of Ralstonia solanacearum

[0081] Add OD 600 =1.0, 100 μL of Ralstonia solanacearum solution, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol concentration of 2.0 g / L (based on fumigation space), shake culture in a shaker at 180 rpm / min, 30-32°C for 24 h; absorb 1.0 mL OD 600=1.6 in a high-speed centrifuge at 5000r / min for 10min. Discard the supernatant, add 0.1M PBS buffer to rinse, discard the supernatant after centrifugation, repeat three times; use a pipette to draw 5001μL 2.5% (v / v) glutaraldehyde and blow to precipitate until the bacterial solution is uniform, draw a small amount of bacterial solution and drop it on the cover glass, quickly and gently spread it evenly, and put it in a 4℃ refrigerator for fixation for 12h; rinse with 0.1M PBS buffer 3 times, 10min each time; fix with 1% (w / v) osmium acid in a fume hood for 30min; rinse with 0.1M PBS buffer 3 times, 10min each time; dehydrate with 30%, 50%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 100% (v / v) ethanol gradient, each gradient dehydration for 10min; put it in an oven to dry overnight; observe the morphological changes of Ralstonia solanacearum with a scanning electron microscope and take pictures and record. The results are as follows Figure 3 shown.

[0082] Depend on Figure 3 It can be seen that the cell morphology of Ralstonia solanacearum is severely damaged and grows very small.

[0083] 4. Effect of 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol fumigation on bacterial membrane formation of Ralstonia solanacearum

[0084] Take three 2.0 mL sterile centrifuge tubes, add 793.8 μL NA culture medium to all centrifuge tubes, add 42 μL sterile water to tube 1, add 2 g / L and 10 g / L (based on fumigation space) 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol to tubes 2 and 3 respectively, and finally add 4.2 μL Ralstonia solanacearum solution (OD 600 =1.0), after mixing, add 200 μL of the above mixed culture solution to each well of a 96-well plate (in order to eliminate the edge effect, no culture was added to the edge wells of the culture plate), repeat each well once, and repeat six times for each treatment; culture at 30-32°C for 5d, 10d and 15d; carefully aspirate the culture, add sterile distilled water and gently wash twice, then discard the distilled water; add 220 μL of 0.1% crystal violet staining solution to stain the biofilm, and let it stand at room temperature for 30 minutes; after staining, remove the crystal violet and wash twice with 200 μL of distilled water, dry at room temperature for 30 minutes after removing the floating color; add 200 μL of 95% (v / v) ethanol to dissolve the crystal violet adsorbed on the biofilm for 30 minutes, and use an enzyme reader to measure its absorbance at 490nm. The experiment was performed by an enzyme reader at OD 490 The biofilm formation was measured at 100 nm to study the effect of 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol fumigation on the biofilm formation ability of tomato and pepper bacterial wilt pathogens. Figure 4-5 shown.

[0085] Depend on Figure 4It can be seen that after 5 days of treatment with Ralstonia solanacearum, the double staining of live bacteria / dead bacteria of the strain at 2g / L (based on the fumigation space) - bacterial activity detection showed that the bacterial activity decreased significantly, the dead bacteria increased significantly, and the amount of active oxygen formed on the biofilm was significantly reduced compared with the control group.

[0086] Depend on Figure 5 It can be seen that further analysis of toxic gene expression revealed that the expression of RipAB, RipA1, RipE1, etc. was significantly decreased.

[0087] 5. Determination of the indoor control effect of 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol on bacterial wilt

[0088] (1) Pathogens, plants, compounds and culture media

[0089] Pathogen: Solanacearum wilt;

[0090] Pepper varieties: sweet peppers and millennium tomatoes;

[0091] Compound: 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol (brand: Aladdin);

[0092] PDA medium: 200 g peeled potatoes, 20 g glucose, 15 g agar powder, and 1000 mL water.

[0093] NA medium: sucrose 10 g, peptone 5 g, beef extract 3 g, agar powder 15 g, distilled water 1000 mL, pH 7.0.

[0094] (2) Test methods

[0095] 1.1 Selection of sweet peppers and millennium tomatoes

[0096] First, select seeds that are full, uniform in size, high in purity and free of impurities. Remove soil impurities from the seeds to prevent them from affecting germination or causing seed rot.

[0097] 1.2 Seed disinfection

[0098] The seeds were disinfected with 75% alcohol for 10 seconds, 2% sodium hypochlorite for 1 minute, washed with sterile water three times, and then soaked in 60°C hot water for 10-15 minutes, and then continued to soak for 3-4 hours.

[0099] 1.3 Germination

[0100] After soaking, wrap the seeds with a well-ventilated gauze to ensure that the seeds are in a loose state and avoid being pressed too tightly. The temperature and time during germination are key factors. The germination temperature is 30℃ and the germination time is 5-7 days. During germination, if the seeds are dry, they can be rinsed with clean water. In addition, turn the seeds regularly and keep the germination process at a suitable temperature. When about 80% of the seeds have sprouted, the germination can be stopped.

[0101] 1.4 Seeding

[0102] Prepare a plastic box, place filter paper containing sterile water on the bottom of the box, and place the germinated seeds on the filter paper. Place 30 seeds in each treatment, with 3 replicates and random arrangement.

[0103] 1.5 Pathogen inoculation

[0104] The root immersion method was used for inoculation, and the dominant strain of Fujian Ralstonia solanacearum (a 1:1:1:1:1 mixed bacterial solution of five strains of RS210507F, RS2107128F, RS210564F, RS210426 and RS211101F) was inoculated at a concentration of 1×10 8 CFU·mL -1 The boxes were filled with 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol at a concentration of 2.0 g / L (based on the fumigation space) as the treatment group, and the control group without 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol. The fumigation was carried out at 28±2℃ for 5 days. When the disease of each treatment was basically stable and no new diseased plants appeared, the diseased plant rate was counted to evaluate the resistance level of each variety to bacterial wilt. The resistance of tomatoes to bacterial wilt is calculated as follows:

[0105] Incidence rate (%) = (number of diseased plants / total number of plants) × 100%;

[0106] Prevention effect (%) = (incidence rate of control group - incidence rate of treatment group) / incidence rate of control group × 100%.

[0107] (3) Test results and analysis

[0108] The results are shown in Table 4.

[0109] Table 4 Indoor control effect of 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol on pepper and tomato bacterial wilt

[0110]

[0111] As shown in Table 4, the incidence of pepper and tomato inoculated with bacterial wilt was significantly reduced by fumigation with 2 g / L 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol compared with the control, and the prevention efficiency was 91.54% and 88.46%, respectively.

[0112] (4) Conclusion

[0113] Fumigation treatment of peppers and tomatoes with 2g / L 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol for 5 days can effectively prevent and control the occurrence of bacterial wilt.

[0114] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A highly efficient soil fumigant, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials in weight percentage: 0.2-1% of 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, 0.4-1.5% of sodium sulfate of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 0.4-2.5% of Silwet 408 penetrant and 0.1-0.3% of A-75 organosilicon defoamer, and the balance is water.

2. A method for preparing a highly efficient soil fumigant, characterized in that: The specific steps include: (1) Weighing the raw materials according to the weight percentage of the high-efficiency soil fumigant according to claim 1; (2) Mix all the raw materials to obtain the highly effective soil fumigant.

3. Use of the high-efficiency soil fumigant as claimed in claim 1 or the high-efficiency soil fumigant prepared by the preparation method as claimed in claim 2 in preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases of vegetables, characterized in that: The specific operation steps are: mix the high-efficiency soil fumigant with the soil and then seal it; The dosage of the high-efficiency soil fumigant is 5-10L / mu, and the dilution ratio is 1:500-1000 times; The sealing treatment method is to seal the film by covering it with a film, and after covering it with a film, the film is buried in the soil around it to maintain a closed environment for 5-15 days; The soil-borne vegetable diseases are tomato canker, tomato bacterial wilt, tomato fusarium wilt, tomato bacterial pith necrosis, tomato phytophthora root rot, pepper phytophthora, pepper gray mold, pepper bacterial wilt and pepper white rot.

Images