A device and method for intensive aerobic fermentation comprehensive treatment of bulk vegetable straw

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and method for intensive aerobic fermentation of bulk vegetable straws, which solves the problem of long fermentation cycle and wastewater generation of bulk vegetable straws in the prior art, and has the beneficial effects of being conducive to rapid dehydration of vegetable straws, eliminating the need to treat wastewater, and shortening the fermentation cycle. The specific scheme is as follows: A device for intensive aerobic fermentation of bulk vegetable straws, comprising a crushing, reducing, plastic-cleaning and impurity-removing unit: comprising a crusher and a plastic-cleaning and impurity-removing device, the crusher is located on one side of the plastic-cleaning and impurity-removing device; a mixing unit: mixing auxiliary materials, bacterial agents and the cleaned and impurity-removed vegetable straws to form a mixture; an aerobic fermentation unit, the mixture is fed into the aerobic fermentation unit, the aerobic fermentation unit comprises a fermentation bin, at least two layers of upper and lower even-turning components are arranged in the fermentation bin, the moving directions of the two adjacent layers of even-turning components are opposite, the fermentation bin is equipped with an oxygen-enhancing aeration component, and the oxygen-enhancing aeration component is provided with a plurality of first air outlets along the height direction of the fermentation bin.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of agricultural environmental protection devices, and in particular to a device and method for intensive aerobic fermentation comprehensive treatment of bulk vegetable straws. Background Art

[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] With the rapid development of intensive modern agriculture, the large amount of vegetable straw produced has caused tremendous pressure on resource recycling and the ecological environment, and has now become the main cause of agricultural non-point source pollution and the focus of social attention. Bulk vegetable straw has the characteristics of large quantity and wide range, high moisture content, high lignocellulose content, high pesticide residue, many pests and eggs and pathogens, low utilization value and low resource utilization rate. Aerobic fermentation is one of the important ways to use vegetable straw as fertilizer. There are mainly methods such as strip pile type, trough (bin) type, reactor, membrane fermentation, etc. The essence is to mix vegetable straw and auxiliary materials with appropriate carbon-nitrogen ratio, moisture content, pH, etc., and under forced oxygen supply conditions, microorganisms decompose organic matter, release a lot of heat, make it harmless, humus it to form stable organic fertilizer, and realize the recycling of vegetable straw.

[0004] Intensive aerobic fermentation technology for bulk vegetable straw is the main way to solve the problem of straw in bulk vegetable production areas. However, the inventors found that the commonly used aerobic fermentation treatment methods such as windrow type / trough (bin) type have the following problems:

[0005] 1) Vegetable straw often needs to be squeezed and dehydrated to reach an appropriate moisture content, and the wastewater generated becomes a new treatment point;

[0006] 2) Vegetable straw has a high water content, which results in low porosity in the fermentation pile and is prone to anaerobic fermentation;

[0007] 3) The fermentation cycle is longer and it is not easy to decompose, which seriously limits the rapid harmless treatment of vegetable straw;

[0008] 4) In addition, vegetable straw has the characteristic of high pH value. During the high-temperature aerobic fermentation process of stacking, nitrogen is easily volatilized in the form of ammonia, causing nitrogen source loss, environmental pollution and odor volatilization. Summary of the invention

[0009] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a comprehensive treatment device for intensive aerobic fermentation of bulk vegetable straw, so as to improve the level of efficient treatment and recycling of waste resources in bulk vegetable production areas.

[0010] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0011] A device for intensive aerobic fermentation and comprehensive treatment of bulk vegetable straws, comprising:

[0012] Crushing, reducing, plastic cleaning and impurity removal unit: including a crusher and plastic cleaning and impurity removal equipment, the crusher is located on one side of the plastic cleaning and impurity removal equipment;

[0013] Mixing unit: mix auxiliary materials, bacterial agents and vegetable straw after plastic removal to form a mixture;

[0014] Aerobic fermentation unit, the mixed material is fed into the aerobic fermentation unit, the aerobic fermentation unit comprises a fermentation bin, at least two layers of upper and lower even-turning components are arranged in the fermentation bin, the moving directions of two adjacent layers of even-turning components are opposite, the fermentation bin is equipped with an oxygen-enhancing aeration component, the oxygen-enhancing aeration component is provided with a plurality of first air outlets along the height direction of the fermentation bin, one side of the fermentation bin is connected with a deodorizing mechanism, the deodorizing mechanism is connected with a waste heat recovery mechanism, and the waste heat recovery mechanism is connected with a side of the fermentation bin close to the feed inlet.

[0015] In the processing device as described above, the crusher is used to crush the vegetable straw, the plastic cleaning and impurity removal equipment is used to remove impurities in the vegetable straw, and the mixing unit is used to mix the vegetable straw, auxiliary materials and bacterial agents in advance, which is conducive to the subsequent fermentation in the aerobic fermentation unit. In this way, the vegetable straw is crushed and mixed before fermentation. There is no direct stacking of the vegetable straw, and the stacked turning parts of the aerobic fermentation intelligent equipment are used to turn and drop the material, so anaerobic fermentation will not occur. Through the setting of the turning parts and the oxygenation aeration parts, heat transfer and rapid heating are achieved, which is conducive to the aerobic fermentation of the vegetable straw in the aerobic fermentation unit, and the chopped vegetable straw can be quickly dehydrated without strong pressing and dehydration. The removed water is evaporated by the heat generated by the fermentation, and there is no need to treat the wastewater.

[0016] The above-mentioned device for intensive aerobic fermentation of bulk vegetable straws, wherein the mixing unit comprises a first feeder, a second feeder, a first conveyor and a mixer, wherein the first feeder provides the vegetable straws after plastic removal and impurities removal, and the second feeder provides auxiliary materials, and the discharge ends of the first feeder and the second feeder are respectively located above the feed end of the first conveyor, and the discharge end of the first conveyor is located above the mixer;

[0017] A second conveyor is arranged between the mixer and the fermentation bin, and the mixed material mixed by the mixer is conveyed to the top of the fermentation bin by the second conveyor.

[0018] In the above-mentioned device for intensive aerobic fermentation of bulk vegetable straw, a microbial agent spraying component is arranged above the mixer to spray the microbial agent toward the inlet of the mixer;

[0019] Furthermore, the microbial agent spraying component includes a microbial agent spraying pipe, which is connected to a microbial agent storage device. The microbial agent storage device includes a storage cylinder, a second aerator and a liquid pump. The microbial agent is stored in the storage cylinder and dissolved in the liquid. The storage cylinder is separately connected to the second aerator and the liquid pump, and the liquid pump is connected to the microbial agent spraying pipe.

[0020] In the device for comprehensive treatment of intensive aerobic fermentation of bulk vegetable straw as described above, the waste heat recovery mechanism includes a first pipeline, the first pipeline is connected to the deodorization mechanism, the first pipeline is connected to the deodorization mechanism through a first vacuum pump, the deodorization mechanism is connected to the second pipeline, the second pipeline is arranged through a heat exchanger, the gas in the second pipeline and the air in the corresponding pipeline of the oxygenation aeration component are heat exchanged through the heat exchanger, the odor generated in the fermentation bin is effectively deodorized by the deodorization mechanism, and then enters the heat exchanger in the waste heat recovery mechanism, and then heats the air in the relevant pipeline of the oxygenation aeration component through the heat exchanger, so as to realize the reuse of the waste heat of the exhaust gas, which is beneficial to the subsequent fermentation.

[0021] In the above-mentioned device for intensive aerobic fermentation of bulk vegetable straw, the oxygen-enhancing aeration component comprises an air source, the air source is connected to a third pipeline, the third pipeline is fixed to the outside of the fermentation bin, the third pipeline is connected to a plurality of fourth pipelines, the fourth pipelines extend into the fermentation bin, each fourth pipeline is connected to an aeration component, the aeration component is provided with the first air outlet, the oxygen-enhancing aeration component delivers external ambient air into the fermentation bin through the third pipeline, the fourth pipeline and the aeration component, so as to ensure that sufficient oxygen is provided to the mixed material in each layer of the fermentation bin;

[0022] The arrangement of the third pipeline corresponds to the arrangement height of the evenly turning component, that is, the third pipeline, the corresponding fourth pipeline and the aeration component are arranged on each layer, so as to perform oxygenation and aeration on each layer of the evenly turning component.

[0023] In the above-mentioned device for comprehensive treatment of bulk vegetable straw by intensive aerobic fermentation, at least three layers of the above-mentioned leveling components are arranged in the fermentation bin, and at least two leveling components are arranged in each layer;

[0024] The uniform turning component includes a telescopic power source, a fixed end of the telescopic power source is fixed to the fermentation bin, a movable end of the telescopic power source is hingedly connected to a rotating arm, and the rotating arm is connected to a turning grille through a plurality of connecting arms. The turning grille swings left and right along the lateral direction of the fermentation bin to achieve layered fermentation and heat transfer from bottom to top, which is conducive to quickly meeting the temperature requirements for vegetable dehydration and the oxygen and temperature requirements of the bacterial agent, thereby facilitating the rapid dehydration and rapid composting of vegetable straw.

[0025] In the above-mentioned device for intensive aerobic fermentation of bulk vegetable straw, a discharging shifting mechanism is provided at the bottom of the fermentation bin, and a discharging end of the discharging shifting mechanism is located above the feeding end of the third conveyor;

[0026] The discharging shifting mechanism comprises a fourth conveyor and a fifth conveyor arranged in an L-shaped structure. The discharging shifting mechanism is used to convey the produced organic fertilizer. The discharging shifting mechanism arranged in the L-shaped structure facilitates the fifth conveyor to shift and convey the organic fertilizer, and then convey it to the third conveyor.

[0027] The third conveyor is set at an angle to achieve material discharge.

[0028] In the above-mentioned device for intensive aerobic fermentation of bulk vegetable straw, the fermentation bin is provided with a data acquisition mechanism, which includes a gas concentration monitor, a temperature and humidity sensor, an air pressure sensor and a pH detector. The gas concentration monitor is used to monitor the concentration changes of O2, CO2, CH4, NH3, H2S and N2O during the fermentation process. The temperature and humidity sensor, the air pressure sensor and the pH detector are used to obtain the temperature, humidity, air pressure and pH value information in the fermentation bin to avoid the problem of NH3 volatilization caused by excessively high pH of the mixture.

[0029] The data acquisition mechanism is connected with the controller;

[0030] The gas concentration monitor comprises a sampling tube, the sampling tube is connected to a fifth pipeline through a second vacuum pump, and the fifth pipeline is connected to the gas concentration monitoring device.

[0031] The above-mentioned device for intensive aerobic fermentation comprehensive treatment of bulk vegetable straws, wherein the pulverizer comprises a first pulverizer and a second pulverizer, and the pulverized particle size of the first pulverizer is larger than the pulverized particle size of the second pulverizer;

[0032] A bottom screen is arranged below the discharge port of the second pulverizer, the screen sheet of the bottom screen is replaceable, and the bottom screen is located above the plastic cleaning and impurity removing equipment.

[0033] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a method for comprehensive treatment of bulk vegetable straw by intensive aerobic fermentation, which uses the device for comprehensive treatment of bulk vegetable straw by intensive aerobic fermentation, and includes the following contents:

[0034] The vegetable straw enters the crusher for cutting and crushing, and the crushed vegetable straw enters the plastic cleaning and impurity removal equipment to separate the impurities in the vegetable straw;

[0035] The auxiliary materials, microbial agents and the cleaned and impurity-removed vegetable straw are mixed by a mixing unit, wherein the auxiliary materials include livestock and poultry manure and grain husks, and the vegetable straw: livestock and poultry manure: grain husks are mixed in a mass ratio of 3:5:2 to form a mixture, and the moisture of the mixture is adjusted to 55-65%, the initial pH value is 5.5-7.5, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio is 20-30:1;

[0036] The mixed material is fed into the aerobic fermentation unit, the oxygen-enhancing aeration component increases the oxygen concentration in the fermentation bin through the first air outlet, and the evenly turning component turns the material in the fermentation bin over and over, so that the vegetable straw is dehydrated and quickly decomposed to form organic fertilizer. During the formation of organic fertilizer, the deodorization mechanism deodorizes the gas generated in the fermentation bin, and the waste heat recovery mechanism recycles the heat of the gas generated in the fermentation bin.

[0037] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0038] 1) The processing device of the present invention is arranged such that the pulverizer is used to pulverize the vegetable straws, the plastic cleaning and impurity removal equipment is used to remove impurities in the vegetable straws, and the mixing unit is used to mix the vegetable straws, auxiliary materials and bacterial agents in advance, which is beneficial to the subsequent fermentation in the aerobic fermentation unit. In this way, the vegetable straws are first pulverized and mixed before fermentation. The vegetable straws are not directly stacked, and the anaerobic fermentation will not occur by turning and dropping the materials through the stacked even-turning parts. The even-turning parts and the oxygen-enhancing aeration parts are arranged to achieve heat transfer and rapid temperature rise, which is beneficial to the aerobic fermentation of the vegetable straws in the aerobic fermentation unit. The chopped vegetable straws can be quickly dehydrated without the need for strong squeezing and dehydration. The removed water is evaporated by the heat generated by the fermentation, and there is no need to treat the wastewater.

[0039] 2) In the present invention, the vegetable straw is first crushed and then fermented in a fermentation bin. The waste heat recovery mechanism can reuse the heat generated in the fermentation bin, which is beneficial to increasing the temperature of the air in the pipeline corresponding to the oxygenation and aeration entering the fermentation bin. The stacked flip component makes the materials not simply stacked, but also becomes a stacked structure to effectively increase oxygen penetration, meet the requirements of the bacterial agent for temperature and oxygen concentration, and is beneficial to shorten the fermentation cycle and facilitate the rapid decomposition of the vegetable straw.

[0040] 3) The present invention feeds materials respectively through the first feeder and the second feeder, and can accurately weigh and feed the vegetable straws and auxiliary materials respectively, so as to obtain suitable blended materials, so as to facilitate the mixed materials to be fully and quickly fermented in the aerobic fermentation unit.

[0041] 4) In the present invention, a microbial agent spraying component is arranged above the mixture for spraying the microbial agent on the material, so that the vegetable straw, auxiliary materials and microbial agent are first mixed in the mixer for the first round, which is beneficial to the subsequent fermentation, and then the mixture is turned over and dropped in the fermentation bin by the uniform turning component, which is beneficial to quickly meet the temperature requirements for vegetable dehydration and the oxygen and temperature requirements for the microbial agent, thereby facilitating the rapid dehydration and rapid composting of the vegetable straw.

[0042] 5) The oxygen-enhancing aeration component of the present invention has a reasonable structure, and the first air outlets at different heights ensure that sufficient oxygen is provided to the mixed materials in each layer of the fermentation bin. The heat generated during the fermentation process is transferred in stages, which is conducive to achieving high-temperature aerobic fermentation.

[0043] 6) The method for processing large quantities of vegetable straws of the present invention accurately mixes the vegetable straws and auxiliary materials through the steps of crushing, reducing the weight, cleaning plastics and removing impurities, blending and mixing materials, intensive aerobic fermentation, etc., controls the initial moisture and initial pH value of the mixture so that nitrogen does not volatilize in the form of ammonia, and the aerobic fermentation unit converts the vegetable straws into organic fertilizers, thereby achieving zero-pollution, zero-emission and harmless treatment of large quantities of vegetable straws, and further realizing the recycling of straw resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0045] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a device for comprehensive treatment of bulk vegetable straw by intensive aerobic fermentation according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 2 It is a front view of a mixing unit and an aerobic fermentation unit in a device for intensive aerobic fermentation of bulk vegetable straw according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 3 It is a top view of a mixing unit and an aerobic fermentation unit in a device for intensive aerobic fermentation of bulk vegetable straw according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 4 It is a front view of an aerobic fermentation unit and a third conveyor in a device for intensive aerobic fermentation of bulk vegetable straw according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a data acquisition mechanism in a device for intensive aerobic fermentation comprehensive treatment of bulk vegetable straw according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of an oxygen-enhancing aeration component in a device for intensive aerobic fermentation of bulk vegetable straw according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 7 It is a schematic flow chart of a method for comprehensive treatment of bulk vegetable straw by intensive aerobic fermentation according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0052] In the figure: the distances or sizes between parts are exaggerated to show the positions of various parts, and the schematic diagram is for reference only.

[0053] Among them: 1 crushing, reducing, cleaning, and removing impurities unit; 2 mixing and blending unit, 201 first feeder, 202 second feeder, 203 bacterial agent spraying component, 204 mixer; 3 aerobic fermentation unit, 302 data collection mechanism, 303 deodorization mechanism, 304 waste heat recovery mechanism; 3011 fermentation bin, 3012 feed inlet, 3013 even turning component, 3014 oxygenation and aeration component, 3015 discharge shifting mechanism, 4 first conveyor, 5 second conveyor, 6 third conveyor, 7. aeration controller, 3021 sampling tube, 3022 second vacuum pump, 3023 gas concentration monitoring equipment, 3024 fifth pipeline, 31 telescopic power source, 32 rotating arm, 33 connecting arm, 34 turning grid, 35 air source, 36 third pipeline, 37 first aerator, 38 aeration main air pipe, 39 aeration bronchial pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0055] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless otherwise explicitly stated in the present invention, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "include" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof;

[0056] As introduced in the background technology, in the prior art, bulk vegetable straws have the problem of long fermentation cycle and wastewater generation. In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a comprehensive treatment device for intensive aerobic fermentation of bulk vegetable straws.

[0057] Embodiment 1

[0058] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, reference is made to Figure 1 As shown, a device for intensive aerobic fermentation of bulk vegetable straws comprises:

[0059] Crushing, reducing, plastic cleaning and impurity removal unit 1: including a crusher and plastic cleaning and impurity removal equipment, the crusher is located on one side of the plastic cleaning and impurity removal equipment;

[0060] Mixing unit 2: Mixing auxiliary materials, bacterial agents and cleaned and impurity-free vegetable straw to form a mixed material;

[0061] Aerobic fermentation unit 3, the mixed material is fed into the aerobic fermentation unit 3, the aerobic fermentation unit includes a fermentation bin, at least two layers of evenly turning parts 3013 in the fermentation bin 3011, the moving directions of the two adjacent layers of evenly turning parts are opposite, the fermentation bin is equipped with an oxygenation aeration part 3014, the oxygenation aeration part 3014 is provided with a plurality of first air outlets along the height direction of the fermentation bin, one side of the fermentation bin 3011 is connected to the deodorization mechanism 303, the deodorization mechanism 303 is connected to the waste heat recovery mechanism 304, and the waste heat recovery mechanism 304 is connected to one side of the fermentation bin 3011 close to the feed inlet 3012.

[0062] It needs to be explained that the crusher includes a first crusher and a second crusher. The crushing particle size of the first crusher is larger than that of the second crusher. The first crusher is a coarse powder machine, which can quickly cut the vegetable straw into coarse powder. The second crusher is a two-stage crushing mechanism. A bottom screen is arranged below the discharge port of the second crusher. The screen pieces of the bottom screen can be replaced to adjust the crushing particle size of the vegetable straw. Different screen pieces have different apertures. The bottom screen is located above the plastic cleaning and impurity removal equipment. After the unevenly dry and wet vegetable straw is fed into the crusher by mechanical equipment such as a grab car, a large feed amount of compaction, wall breaking, shredding and homogenization crushing processing can be achieved.

[0063] Regarding the plastic cleaning and impurity removal equipment, it is an existing plastic cleaning and impurity removal production line, which can effectively separate impurities such as plastic ropes, films, sand, gravel, and metals from vegetable straws through specific gravity differences and electrostatic adsorption.

[0064] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the mixing unit 2 includes a first feeder 201, a second feeder 202, a first conveyor 4 and a mixer 204. The first feeder 201 provides the vegetable straw after plastic removal and impurities removal, and the second feeder 202 provides auxiliary materials. The discharge ends of the first feeder 201 and the second feeder 202 are respectively located above the feed end of the first conveyor 4, and the discharge end of the first conveyor is located above the mixer;

[0065] A second conveyor 5 is provided between the mixer 204 and the fermentation bin 3011 , and the mixed material mixed by the mixer is conveyed to the top of the fermentation bin 3011 via the second conveyor.

[0066] Among them, the first conveyor 4 and the second conveyor 5 are both belt conveyors, both of which are arranged to be inclined upward, and the length of the second conveyor is greater than that of the first conveyor.

[0067] Regarding the mixer, in this embodiment, the mixer 204 adopts a double-axis strong mixing method to achieve sufficient mixing of the vegetable straw, auxiliary materials, and fungal agents.

[0068] It can be understood that a microbial agent spraying component 203 is provided above the mixer to spray the microbial agent toward the inlet of the mixer; in this embodiment, the microbial agent spraying component 203 includes a microbial agent spraying pipe with a nozzle, the microbial agent spraying pipe is connected to the microbial agent storage device, the microbial agent storage device includes a storage cylinder, a second aerator and a liquid pump, the microbial agent is dissolved in the liquid, the storage cylinder is separately connected to the second aerator and the liquid pump, the liquid pump is connected to the microbial agent spraying pipe, and the microbial agent is specifically a Bacillus subtilis strain, or other composite biological fermentation bacteria.

[0069] Regarding the deodorization mechanism, the deodorization mechanism 303 is an existing integrated deodorization device, which specifically treats the odor through a spray tower and an activated carbon deodorization box.

[0070] The waste heat recovery mechanism 304 includes a first pipeline, the first pipeline is connected to the deodorization mechanism 303, the first pipeline is connected to the deodorization mechanism, the first pipeline is connected to the deodorization mechanism through a first vacuum pump, the deodorization mechanism is connected to the second pipeline, the second pipeline is set through a heat exchanger, the odor generated in the fermentation bin is effectively deodorized by the deodorization mechanism, and then enters the heat exchanger in the waste heat recovery mechanism, the gas in the second pipeline and the air in the corresponding pipeline of the oxygenation aeration component are heat exchanged through the heat exchanger, the heat exchanger heats the air in the corresponding pipeline of the oxygenation aeration, so as to realize the reuse of the waste heat of the exhaust gas, which is beneficial to the subsequent fermentation.

[0071] In some examples, the oxygen-enhancing aeration component 3014 includes an air source 35 (specifically, an air compressor), the air source 35 is connected to a third pipeline 36, the setting of the third pipeline corresponds to the setting height of the uniform turning component, that is, each layer of the uniform turning component is correspondingly provided with a third pipeline, the third pipeline is fixed to the outside of the fermentation bin 3011, the third pipeline passes through the heat exchanger to transfer the heat in the second pipeline to the third pipeline, the third pipeline is connected to a plurality of fourth pipelines, and the fourth pipelines extend into the fermentation bin;

[0072] refer to Figure 6As shown, two fourth pipelines can be provided, the two fourth pipelines are perpendicular to each other, one fourth pipeline is located on the upper side, and the other fourth pipeline is arranged in an L shape, the upper fourth pipeline is connected to two aeration components respectively, and the lower fourth pipeline is also connected to two aeration components respectively (these two aeration components are spaced and arranged in the opposite direction from the two aeration components connected to the upper fourth pipeline), the aeration component includes an aeration main air pipe 38, the aeration main air pipe 38 is triangular, the sharp corner of the triangle is an arc transition to reduce gas transfer resistance, an aeration bronchial network is evenly arranged inside the triangle, and the aeration bronchial network is arranged inside the triangle. The air-bronchial pipe network can be of a tree-branch type, with the angle between the aeration bronchus 39 and the air inlet direction being ≥120°. The aeration component is evenly provided with air outlets, and a plurality of existing first aerators 37 are provided. The first aerators 37 are specifically provided at the connection between the aeration main air pipe 38 and the aeration bronchus 39, so that the aeration component as a whole forms a lung-like structure. The oxygen-enhancing aeration component delivers external ambient air into the fermentation bin through the third pipeline, the fourth pipeline and the aeration component. The first air outlet is provided at multiple locations along the height direction of the fermentation bin to ensure that sufficient oxygen is provided to the mixture in each layer of the fermentation bin.

[0073] It should be noted that the third pipeline will enter the heat exchanger. Figure 6 The figure is simply shown in the figure and no detailed drawing is done.

[0074] The first aerator 37 and the air source 35 are respectively connected to the aeration controller 7, and the aeration controller 7 controls the oxygenation aeration component. The aeration controller is specifically a PLC controller or other types of controllers, and the aeration controller is connected to the controller.

[0075] It is easy to understand that the fermentation bin 3011 has a set height, width and length, and the fermentation bin is a fully enclosed box. An inlet is set at the top of the fermentation bin close to the mixer, and an openable outlet is set at the bottom of the fermentation bin.

[0076] refer to Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, three layers of leveling components are arranged in the fermentation bin to turn over and drop the mixed material, at least two leveling components are arranged in each layer, and the interval between two adjacent leveling components in each layer is set at a distance;

[0077] Specifically, the uniform turning component 3013 includes a telescopic power source 31, a fixed end of the telescopic power source is fixed to the fermentation bin, and a movable end of the telescopic power source is hingedly connected to a rotating arm 32, and the rotating arm is connected to a turning grille 34 through a plurality of connecting arms 33. The turning grille is a grille plate with multiple hollow parts. The turning grille swings left and right along the lateral direction of the fermentation bin to achieve layered fermentation and heat transfer from bottom to top, which is conducive to quickly meeting the temperature requirements for vegetable dehydration and the oxygen and temperature requirements of the bacterial agent, thereby facilitating the rapid dehydration and rapid composting of the vegetable straw.

[0078] In addition, a discharging shifting mechanism 3015 is provided at the bottom of the fermentation bin 3011, and the discharging end of the discharging shifting mechanism 3015 is located above the feeding end of the third conveyor, and the third conveyor is inclined to achieve discharging;

[0079] Specifically, the discharging shifting mechanism 3015 includes a fourth conveyor and a fifth conveyor arranged in an L-shaped structure. The fourth conveyor and the fifth conveyor are both arranged horizontally. The fourth conveyor is located below the discharging port of the fermentation bin. An angle conveying roller is arranged between the fourth conveyor and the fifth conveyor. The discharging shifting mechanism is used to convey the generated organic fertilizer. The discharging shifting mechanism arranged in an L-shaped structure facilitates the fifth conveyor to shift and convey the organic fertilizer, and then deliver it to the third conveyor. The feeding end of the third conveyor is located below the fifth conveyor.

[0080] The third conveyor, the fourth conveyor and the fifth conveyor may specifically be belt conveyors or other types of conveying equipment.

[0081] In addition, the fermentation bin is provided with a data acquisition mechanism 302, which includes a gas concentration monitor, a temperature and humidity sensor, an air pressure sensor and a pH detector. The gas concentration monitor is used to monitor the concentration changes of oxygen O2, carbon dioxide CO2, methane CH4, ammonia NH3, dihydrogen sulfide H2S and nitrous oxide N2O during the fermentation process. The temperature and humidity sensor, the air pressure sensor and the pH detector are used to obtain the temperature, humidity, air pressure and pH value information in the fermentation bin to ensure that the temperature, humidity and air pressure in the fermentation bin are within the set range, so as to avoid the problem of NH3 volatilization caused by excessively high pH of the mixture;

[0082] The data acquisition mechanism 302 is connected to the controller, which is an industrial computer. The controller has a display screen that can display the concentration of relevant gases, the temperature, humidity, air pressure and pH value information in the fermentation chamber.

[0083] refer to Figure 5 As shown, the gas concentration monitor includes a sampling tube 3021, which is connected to a fifth pipeline 3024 via a second vacuum pump 3022, and the fifth pipeline is connected to a gas concentration monitoring device 3023, which is a polytetrafluoroethylene gas pipe, and the gas concentration monitoring device is prior art.

[0084] In the processing device of the present embodiment, the crusher is used to crush the vegetable straw, the plastic cleaning and impurity removal equipment is used to remove impurities in the vegetable straw, and the mixing unit 2 is used to mix the vegetable straw, auxiliary materials and bacterial agents in advance, which is conducive to the subsequent fermentation in the aerobic fermentation unit. In this way, the vegetable straw is crushed and mixed before fermentation. There is no direct stacking of the vegetable straw, and the anaerobic fermentation will not occur by turning and dropping the material through the stacked even-turning parts. The setting of the even-turning parts and the oxygen-enhancing aeration parts can realize heat transfer and rapid heating, which is conducive to the aerobic fermentation of the vegetable straw in the aerobic fermentation unit, and the chopped vegetable straw can be quickly dehydrated without strong squeezing and dehydration. The removed water is evaporated by the heat generated by the fermentation, and there is no need to treat the wastewater.

[0085] Embodiment 2

[0086] This embodiment provides a method for comprehensive treatment of bulk vegetable straw by intensive aerobic fermentation, using a device for comprehensive treatment of bulk vegetable straw by intensive aerobic fermentation as described in Example 1, Figure 7 As shown, including the following:

[0087] The bulk vegetable straw is put into the crusher for cutting and crushing. The first crusher crushes the vegetable straw into coarse powder of 2cm-10cm, and the second crusher further crushes it into 0.1cm-2cm. The crushed vegetable straw is put into the plastic cleaning and impurity removal equipment to separate the impurities in the vegetable straw to obtain the vegetable straw to be processed;

[0088] After sampling the vegetable straw to be processed and the selected auxiliary materials, the basic characteristic data (including moisture, pH value and other related data) are measured, and the appropriate blending parameters are determined after data analysis;

[0089] The vegetable straw after plastic removal and impurity removal is loaded to the first feeder by a forklift, and then to the second feeder by a forklift, and the auxiliary material, the microbial agent and the vegetable straw after plastic removal and impurity removal are mixed to form a mixture by a mixing unit, and the moisture of the mixture is adjusted to 55-65%, the initial pH value is 5.5-7.5, the carbon-nitrogen ratio is 20-30:1, and Bacillus subtilis is sprayed, and the addition amount of the bacteria is 0.02%;

[0090] The mixed material is sent to the aerobic fermentation unit. The temperature heating component heats the mixed material in the fermentation bin. The oxygenation aeration component increases the oxygen concentration in the fermentation bin through the first air outlet. The even turning component turns the material in the fermentation bin over and over. The data collection mechanism monitors the concentration changes of O2, CO2, CH4, NH3, H2S, and N2O in real time during the fermentation process. Each layer is turned over and over once a day, and the oxygenation aeration component aerates 3 times. The aeration volume is 0.05m 3 / (min·m 3 Mixing materials)~0.20m 3 / (min·m3 The fermentation temperature in the fermentation chamber is kept above 60℃ for 5-7 days, and the fermentation cycle is 7-12 days. After treatment, the moisture content of the aerobic fermentation product is ≤40%, the temperature is ≤40℃, the harmful residues are significantly reduced, there are no flies, no insect eggs, and no odor;

[0091] Finally, the vegetable straw is dehydrated and quickly decomposed to form organic fertilizer. During the formation of organic fertilizer, the deodorization mechanism deodorizes the gas generated in the fermentation bin, and the waste heat recovery mechanism utilizes the heat of the gas generated in the fermentation bin. The fermentation product enters the aging area through the third conveyor.

[0092] Among them, the initial values ​​of the initial moisture, pH and carbon-nitrogen ratio of the mixture are measured and then adjusted by existing means. By adjusting the initial pH value of the mixture, nitrogen does not volatilize in the form of ammonia, thereby avoiding nitrogen source loss.

[0093] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for comprehensive treatment of bulk vegetable straw by intensive aerobic fermentation. It is characterized in that include: Crushing, reducing, plastic cleaning and impurity removal unit: including a crusher and plastic cleaning and impurity removal equipment, the crusher is located on one side of the plastic cleaning and impurity removal equipment; Mixing unit: mix auxiliary materials, bacterial agents and vegetable straw after plastic removal to form a mixture; The mixed material is fed into the aerobic fermentation unit, and the aerobic fermentation unit includes a fermentation bin, and at least two layers of vertically arranged evenly turning components are arranged in the fermentation bin, and the moving directions of the two adjacent layers of evenly turning components are opposite. The fermentation bin is equipped with an oxygen-enhancing aeration component, and the oxygen-enhancing aeration component is provided with a plurality of first air outlets along the height direction of the fermentation bin. One side of the fermentation bin is connected to a deodorizing mechanism, and the deodorizing mechanism is connected to a waste heat recovery mechanism, and the waste heat recovery mechanism is connected to a side of the fermentation bin close to the feed inlet; The mixing unit comprises a first feeder, a second feeder, a first conveyor and a mixer, wherein the first feeder provides vegetable straw after plastic removal and impurity removal, and the second feeder provides auxiliary materials. The discharge ends of the first feeder and the second feeder are respectively located above the feed end of the first conveyor, and the discharge end of the first conveyor is located above the mixer; the second conveyor is arranged between the mixer and the fermentation bin; The oxygen-enhancing aeration component includes an air source, which is connected to a third pipeline, which is fixed to the outside of the fermentation bin, and the third pipeline is connected to a plurality of fourth pipelines, each of which is connected to an aeration component, and the aeration component is provided with the first air outlet; the setting of the third pipeline corresponds to the setting height of the uniform turning component; At least three layers of the uniform turning components are arranged in the fermentation bin, and at least two uniform turning components are arranged in each layer; the uniform turning components include a telescopic power source, a fixed end of the telescopic power source is fixed to the fermentation bin, a movable end of the telescopic power source is hingedly connected to a rotating arm, and the rotating arm is connected to the turning grille through a plurality of connecting arms.

2. The device for intensive aerobic fermentation of bulk vegetable straw according to claim 1, It is characterized in that A microbial agent spraying component is arranged above the mixer to spray the microbial agent toward the inlet of the mixer; Furthermore, the microbial agent spraying component includes a microbial agent spraying pipe, which is connected to a microbial agent storage device. The microbial agent storage device includes a storage cylinder, a second aerator and a liquid pump. The microbial agent is stored in the storage cylinder and dissolved in the liquid. The storage cylinder is separately connected to the second aerator and the liquid pump, and the liquid pump is connected to the microbial agent spraying pipe.

3. The device for intensive aerobic fermentation of bulk vegetable straw according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The waste heat recovery mechanism includes a first pipeline, the first pipeline is connected to the deodorization mechanism, the first pipeline is connected to the deodorization mechanism through a first vacuum pump, the deodorization mechanism is connected to a second pipeline, the second pipeline is arranged through a heat exchanger, and the gas in the second pipeline exchanges heat with the air in the pipeline corresponding to the oxygenation aeration component through the heat exchanger.

4. The device for intensive aerobic fermentation of bulk vegetable straw according to claim 1, It is characterized in that A discharging displacement mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the fermentation bin, and a discharging end of the discharging displacement mechanism is located above a feeding end of the third conveyor; The material discharging and shifting mechanism comprises a fourth conveyor and a fifth conveyor arranged in an L-shaped structure; The third conveyor is arranged at an incline.

5. The device for intensive aerobic fermentation of bulk vegetable straw according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The fermentation bin is provided with a data acquisition mechanism, which includes a gas concentration monitor, a temperature and humidity sensor, an air pressure sensor and a pH detector; The data acquisition mechanism is connected with the controller; The gas concentration monitor comprises a sampling tube, the sampling tube is connected to a fifth pipeline through a second vacuum pump, and the fifth pipeline is connected to the gas concentration monitoring device.

6. The device for intensive aerobic fermentation of bulk vegetable straw according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The pulverizer includes a first pulverizer and a second pulverizer, and the pulverized particle size of the first pulverizer is larger than the pulverized particle size of the second pulverizer; A bottom screen is arranged below the discharge port of the second pulverizer, the screen sheet of the bottom screen is replaceable, and the bottom screen is located above the plastic cleaning and impurity removing equipment.

7. A comprehensive treatment method for intensive aerobic fermentation of bulk vegetable straw, It is characterized in that A device for intensive aerobic fermentation of bulk vegetable straw according to any one of claims 1 to 6 comprises the following contents: The vegetable straw enters the crusher for cutting and crushing, and the crushed vegetable straw enters the plastic cleaning and impurity removal equipment to separate the impurities in the vegetable straw; The auxiliary materials, microbial agents and the cleaned and impurity-removed vegetable straw are mixed by a mixing unit, wherein the auxiliary materials include livestock and poultry manure and grain husks, and the vegetable straw: livestock and poultry manure: grain husks are mixed in a mass ratio of 3:5:2 to form a mixture, and the moisture of the mixture is adjusted to 55-65%, the initial pH value is 5.5-7.5, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio is 20-30:1; The mixed material is fed into the aerobic fermentation unit, the oxygen-enhancing aeration component increases the oxygen concentration in the fermentation bin through the first air outlet, and the evenly turning component turns the material in the fermentation bin over and over, so that the vegetable straw is dehydrated and quickly decomposed to form organic fertilizer. During the formation of organic fertilizer, the deodorization mechanism deodorizes the gas generated in the fermentation bin, and the waste heat recovery mechanism recycles the heat of the gas generated in the fermentation bin.

Images