Household garbage recycling and screening treatment process and system

Abstract

The application discloses a household garbage recycling and screening treatment process and system, wherein the household garbage recycling and screening treatment process comprises the following steps: step S1, coarse crushing, the household garbage is coarsely crushed into granular material, and then metal garbage in the granular material is screened out by magnetic separation; step S2, screening, the granular material is screened into oversize material, middle layer undersize material and lower layer undersize material by vibration, and then metal garbage in the oversize material and the middle layer undersize material is screened out by magnetic separation; step S3, light and heavy screening, the screened oversize material is spirally conveyed from bottom to top, and vertical air is introduced from bottom to top along the center line of the spiral conveying track of the oversize material, so that the oversize material is screened into light material and heavy material by air separation; and step S4, fine crushing, the light material is finely crushed and conveyed to a combustible material bin. The application realizes classified recycling of household garbage and guarantees the screening effect of combustible material in the household garbage.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of garbage screening treatment, in particular to a household garbage recycling and screening treatment process and system. BACKGROUND

[0002] The existing household garbage treatment methods mainly include landfill treatment and incineration treatment, wherein the incineration treatment is mainly for organic garbage, and there are garbage such as metal garbage and construction garbage in the household garbage which cannot be burned. Therefore, in order to ensure the burning degree of the garbage after incineration treatment, the household garbage needs to be classified and treated.

[0003] At present, the household garbage is usually crushed and then classified and recycled by a mixed mode of multiple screening methods (such as vibration screening, magnetic separation screening, light and heavy screening, etc.), so that the household garbage can be recycled according to different types, thereby the combustible garbage can be uniformly incinerated.

[0004] The air separation is a main means for separating light substances and heavy substances in the classification and recycling of household garbage, which mainly has two ways. One way is to bring out the light substances by applying the opposite wind force during the process of the household garbage falling in the vertical direction under the action of gravity, which can separate the light substances and the heavy substances, but the output of the heavy substances will cause certain hindrance, and the light substances are easy to stick to the heavy substances under the action of the wind force. The other way is to horizontally transport and screen the household garbage by the horizontally arranged drum, since the rotation of the drum will bring the household garbage to a high place and make it fall vertically under the action of gravity, the wind flowing in the horizontal direction can bring out the light substances from the drum. Since the direction of the wind is perpendicular to the falling direction of the household garbage, the influence on the separation of the light substances and the heavy substances is reduced, but the demand of the air separation device for the occupied space is greatly improved, so that the use site of the air separation device is limited. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide a household garbage recycling and screening treatment process and system, which realizes the classification and recycling of the household garbage and ensures the screening effect of the combustible materials in the household garbage.

[0006] The technical scheme adopted by the present application to solve the above problems is as follows:

[0007] A household garbage recycling and screening treatment process, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step S1, coarse crushing, the household garbage is coarsely crushed into granular materials, and then the metal garbage in the granular materials is screened out by magnetic separation;

[0009] Step S2, screening, vibrating the granular material to separate it into oversize, middle undersize and lower undersize, then magnetically separating the metal garbage in the oversize and middle undersize, and conveying the screened middle undersize to the combustible material bin;

[0010] Step S3, light and heavy screening, conveying the screened oversize in a spiral shape from bottom to top, and vertically feeding air from bottom to top along the center line of the spiral conveying track of the oversize, so as to air screen the oversize into light material and heavy material;

[0011] Step S4, fine crushing, fine crushing the light material and conveying it to the combustible material bin.

[0012] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the step S1 further includes that the household garbage is grabbed by a grab bucket to a chain plate conveyor and conveyed to a manual sorting table for manual sorting.

[0013] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the particle size of the granular material is less than or equal to 200 mm, the particle size of the oversize is greater than 80 mm, the particle size of the middle undersize is greater than 20 mm and less than or equal to 80 mm, the particle size of the lower undersize is less than or equal to 20 mm, and the particle size of the fine crushed light material is less than or equal to 80 mm.

[0014] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the step S3 further includes

[0015] During the spiral conveying of the oversize, the oversize is stirred;

[0016] The oversize falling during the spiral conveying is recovered and re-conveyed.

[0017] The present application also provides a screening treatment system of the household garbage recycling and screening treatment process according to any one of the above technical solutions, comprising:

[0018] A coarse crushing station for coarsely crushing the household garbage into granular material;

[0019] A first screening station for vibrating the granular material to separate it into oversize, middle undersize and lower undersize;

[0020] A second screening station for conveying the oversize in a spiral shape from bottom to top, and air screening the oversize into light material and heavy material by the wind flowing from bottom to top along the center line of the spiral conveying track of the oversize;

[0021] A fine crushing station for fine crushing the light material.

[0022] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the second screening station is provided with an air separation device, the air separation device comprises a machine body, a conveying mechanism for conveying the oversize material, and a plurality of poking units for poking the oversize material on the conveying mechanism, the machine body is provided with an air separation cavity and an air outlet channel, the top surface and the bottom surface of the air separation cavity are respectively provided with an air outlet and an air inlet at the central position, the air outlet channel is communicated with the air separation cavity through the air outlet, the air inlet is provided with an air supply device, the conveying mechanism is located in the air separation cavity, the input end and the output end of the conveying mechanism are exposed on the machine body by penetrating the side wall surface of the machine body, and each poking unit is arranged on the side wall surface of the machine body along the spiral conveying track of the conveying mechanism.

[0023] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the conveying mechanism comprises a plurality of conveying plates, the rear end of the conveying plate is provided with a baffle, the conveying plate is provided with an extension plate, the inner end of the front end of the extension plate is hinged to the inner end of the front end of the conveying plate, the outer end of the rear end of the extension plate and the conveying plate are provided with a tension spring for applying an inward turning force to the extension plate, the outer end of the front end of the extension plate and the rear end of the conveying plate are respectively provided with a first ball wheel, the inner end of the front end of the conveying plate and the inner end of the rear end of the conveying plate are respectively provided with a second ball wheel and a third ball wheel, the first ball wheel, the second ball wheel and the third ball wheel are respectively provided with a first compression spring between the conveying plate and the first ball wheel, and between the first ball wheel and the extension plate, and the two ends of the first compression spring are respectively abutted between the two, the machine body is provided with a first guide groove, a second guide groove and a third guide groove for respectively accommodating the sliding of the first ball wheel, the second ball wheel and the third ball wheel, the conveying plates are sequentially connected end to end to form a spiral conveying belt, the outer end of the front end of the extension plate, the inner end of the front end of the conveying plate and the two ends of the rear end of the conveying plate are all provided with ball seat structures, the adjacent ball seat structures on the adjacent conveying plates are connected through connecting rods, the two ends of the connecting rod are provided with ball head structures matched with the ball seat structures, the machine body is provided with two first driving motors for driving the conveying belt to rotate, the two first driving motors are respectively located on the two ends of the conveying belt, and the first driving motor and the conveying plate are drivingly connected through a gear and rack transmission mechanism.

[0024] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the machine body is provided with a plurality of guide rollers, the guide rollers are arranged on the machine body along the radial direction of the air separation cavity and penetrate the conveying belt, the guide rollers are arranged along the spiral conveying track of the conveying mechanism, and the guide rollers and the conveying plates are drivingly connected through a gear and rack transmission mechanism.

[0025] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the poking unit comprises a roller and a plurality of poking rod groups, the roller is rotationally arranged on the machine body and above the conveying belt, the roller and the guide roller opposite to the roller are drivingly connected through a gear transmission mechanism and rotate in opposite directions, each poking rod group is equidistantly arranged along the circumference of the roller, the poking rod group comprises a plurality of poking rods, the poking rods are slidingly arranged on the roller along the radial direction of the roller, a second compression spring is arranged between each poking rod and the roller, and the two ends of the second compression spring are respectively abutted against the poking rod and the roller.

[0026] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, a pushing member is slidingly arranged on the bottom surface of the winnowing cavity, the pushing member is slidingly arranged along a circular track around the central axis of the winnowing cavity through a driving mechanism, a material collecting opening is formed in the bottom surface of the winnowing cavity and located on the sliding track of the pushing member, and a recycling bin is arranged directly below the material collecting opening.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages and effects:

[0028] (1) The present application can realize the classification and recycling of household garbage by crushing the household garbage and then screening it through a vibrating screen, a light and heavy screen, and a magnetic separation screen, so as to separate the combustible materials in the household garbage, thereby ensuring the recycling and utilization of the household garbage and facilitating the subsequent incineration of the household garbage (i.e. combustible materials).

[0029] (2) The present application can realize the separation of light materials and heavy materials in the screen oversize by conveying the screen oversize obtained by vibrating screening from bottom to top along the spiral track, and by the traction effect of the wind flowing along the center line of the spiral track from bottom to top on the light materials in the screen oversize, thereby ensuring the screening effect.

[0030] (3) The present application can realize the separation of light materials and heavy materials in the screen oversize by conveying the screen oversize obtained by vibrating screening from bottom to top along the spiral track, and by the traction effect of the wind flowing along the center line of the spiral track from bottom to top on the light materials in the screen oversize, thereby ensuring the screening effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 is a system structure schematic diagram of a household garbage recycling and screening treatment process according to an embodiment.

[0032] Figure 2 is a structure schematic diagram of a household garbage recycling and screening treatment process according to an embodiment.

[0033] Figure 3is a structural schematic diagram of a winnowing device in a household garbage recycling and screening processing system according to Embodiment 2.

[0034] Figure 4 is Figure 3 is a schematic sectional view of the internal structure of the machine body shown in

[0035] Figure 5 is Figure 4 is a structural schematic plan view of the bottom of the winnowing cavity shown in

[0036] Figure 6 is Figure 4 is a structural schematic enlarged sectional view of a part of the machine body shown in

[0037] Figure 7 is Figure 4 is a structural schematic enlarged view of a part of the conveying mechanism shown in

[0038] Figure 8 is Figure 7 is a structural schematic view of the conveying plate shown in

[0039] Figure 9 is Figure 8 is a structural schematic view of the conveying plate and the first driving motor shown in

[0040] Figure 10 is Figure 8 is a structural schematic view of the conveying plate and the guide roller shown in

[0041] Figure 11 is a structural schematic view of the poking unit.

[0042] Figure 12 is Figure 11 is a structural schematic view of the poking rod and the drum shown in

[0043] wherein, the coarse crushing station 11, the first screening station 12, the second screening station 13, the fine crushing station 14, the combustible material storage bin 15, the winnowing device 2, the machine body 21, the winnowing cavity 22, the air outlet passage 23, the air outlet 24, the air inlet 25, the air supply device 26, the first guide groove 27, the second guide groove 28, the third guide groove 29, the conveying mechanism 3, the input end 31, the output end 32, the poking unit 4, the drum 41, the poking rod group 42, the poking rod 43, the second compression spring 44, the pushing piece 51, the driving mechanism 52, the material collecting port 53, the recycling bin 54, the driving ring 55, the second driving motor 56, the conveying plate 6, the baffle 61, the extension plate 62, the tension spring 63, the first ball wheel 64, the second ball wheel 65, the third ball wheel 66, the first compression spring 67, the conveying belt 68, the first driving motor 69, the ball seat structure 71, the connecting rod 72, the ball head structure 73, the guide roller 8, the gear transmission mechanism 91, the gear rack transmission mechanism 92. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and by embodiments, which are illustrative of the application and do not limit the application to the following embodiments.

[0045] Embodiment one.

[0046] Referring to Figures 1-2 , the household garbage recycling and screening process comprises the following steps:

[0047] Step S1, coarse crushing, the household garbage is coarsely crushed into granular material, and then the metal garbage in the granular material is screened out by magnetic separation;

[0048] Step S2, screening, the granular material is vibrated and screened into oversize, middle undersize and lower undersize, and then the metal garbage in the oversize and the middle undersize is screened out by magnetic separation, and the screened middle undersize is transported to the combustible material bin;

[0049] Step S3, light and heavy screening, the screened oversize is transported in a spiral shape from bottom to top, and vertical air is introduced from bottom to top along the center line of the spiral transportation track of the oversize, so as to air screen the oversize into light material and heavy material;

[0050] Step S4, fine crushing, the light material is fine crushed and transported to the combustible material bin.

[0051] In the embodiment, the step S1 further comprises that the household garbage is grabbed by a grab bucket to a chain plate conveyor and transported to a manual sorting table for manual sorting.

[0052] In the embodiment, the particle size of the granular material is less than or equal to 200 mm, the particle size of the oversize is greater than 80 mm, the particle size of the middle undersize is greater than 20 mm and less than or equal to 80 mm, the particle size of the lower undersize is less than or equal to 20 mm, and the particle size of the fine crushed light material is less than or equal to 80 mm.

[0053] In the embodiment, the step S3 further comprises

[0054] During the spiral transportation of the oversize, the oversize is stirred;

[0055] The oversize falling during the spiral transportation is recycled and re-transported by spiral transportation.

[0056] Embodiment two.

[0057] Referring to Figure 1 , Figure 3The embodiment one is a screening treatment system based on the household garbage recycling and screening treatment process of the embodiment one, which comprises a coarse crushing station 11 for coarsely crushing the household garbage into granular materials, a first screening station 12 for screening the granular materials into oversize materials, middle layer undersize materials and lower layer undersize materials, a second screening station 13 for spirally conveying the oversize materials from bottom to top and screening the oversize materials into light materials and heavy materials by air force flowing from bottom to top along the center line of the spiral conveying track of the oversize materials, a fine crushing station 14 for finely crushing the light materials, and a combustible material storage bin 15 for storing the middle layer undersize materials and the light materials after the fine crushing treatment, wherein the coarse crushing station 11, the first screening station 12, the second screening station 13, the fine crushing station 14 and the combustible material storage bin 15 are sequentially arranged.

[0058] In the embodiment, the coarse crushing station 11 is provided with a manual sorting table for sorting out the non-treatable materials in the household garbage, a first crusher for coarsely crushing the household garbage into granular materials, and a first magnetic separator for screening out the metal garbage in the granular materials, and the household garbage is sequentially conveyed to the manual sorting table, the first crusher and the first magnetic separator by a first linear conveying device, wherein the first linear conveying device is a chain plate conveyor.

[0059] When the household garbage is coarsely crushed, the household garbage is grabbed by a grab bucket and conveyed to the first linear conveying device. In the process of conveying the household garbage through the manual sorting table, the building garbage and the non-treatable materials such as explosives in the household garbage are sorted out by manual sorting, so as to reduce the damage to the equipment in the subsequent treatment. Then, the household garbage is coarsely crushed into granular materials with a particle size of less than or equal to 200 mm by the first crusher, and the metal garbage in the granular materials is screened out by the first magnetic separator.

[0060] In the embodiment, the first screening station 12 is provided with a relaxation screening machine for screening out the non-combustible materials in the granular materials, a second magnetic separator for screening out the metal garbage in the oversize materials, and a third magnetic separator for screening out the metal garbage in the middle layer undersize materials, the oversize materials are conveyed between the relaxation screening machine and the second magnetic separator by a second linear conveying device, the middle layer undersize materials are conveyed between the relaxation screening machine, the third magnetic separator and the combustible material storage bin 15 by a third linear conveying device, and the second linear conveying device and the third linear conveying device are both rubber belt conveyors.

[0061] When the granular material is subjected to the screening treatment, the granular material conveyed by the first linear conveying device is vibrated and screened by the relaxation screener into oversize material with a particle size greater than 80 mm, middle-layer undersize material (such as plastic sheets, organic matter, etc.) with a particle size greater than 20 mm and less than or equal to 80 mm, and lower-layer undersize material (such as slag, broken glass, small stones, etc.) with a particle size less than or equal to 20 mm, and then the oversize material and the middle-layer undersize material are conveyed to the second magnetic separator and the third magnetic separator respectively by the second linear conveying device and the third linear conveying device, so that the metal garbage in the oversize material is screened out and then conveyed to the second screening station 13, and the metal garbage in the middle-layer undersize material is screened out and then conveyed to the combustible material storage bin 15.

[0062] Referring to Figures 3-12 , the second screening station 13 is provided with an air separation device 2, the air separation device 2 includes a machine body 21, a conveying mechanism 3 for spiral conveying of the oversize material, and a plurality of poking units 4 for poking the oversize material on the conveying mechanism 3, the machine body 21 is provided with an air separation cavity 22 and an air outlet channel 23, the top surface and the bottom surface of the air separation cavity 22 are respectively provided with an air outlet 24 and an air inlet 25 at the central positions, the air outlet channel 23 is communicated with the air separation cavity 22 through the air outlet 24, the air inlet 25 is provided with an air supply device 26, the conveying mechanism 3 is located in the air separation cavity 22, the input end 31 and the output end 32 of the conveying mechanism 3 both pass through the side wall surface of the machine body 21 and are exposed on the machine body 21, and each poking unit 4 is arranged on the side wall surface of the machine body 21 along the spiral conveying track of the conveying mechanism 3.

[0063] When the oversize material is subjected to the screening treatment, the oversize material conveyed by the second linear conveying device is spirally conveyed from bottom to top by the conveying mechanism 3, and air is blown into the air separation cavity 22 along the axial direction of the air separation cavity 22 by the air supply device 26, so that the flow rate in the space spirally surrounded by the conveying mechanism 3 is accelerated, and the light material in the oversize material can be screened out under the action of the wind force and the pressure and flow into the air outlet channel 23 along with the wind force, so as to realize the separation of the light material and the heavy material in the oversize material.

[0064] Referring to Figures 4-6 , the bottom surface of the air separation cavity 22 is slidably provided with a pushing member 51, the pushing member 51 is slid along a circular track around the central axis of the air separation cavity 22 by a driving mechanism 52, the bottom surface of the air separation cavity 22 is provided with a material collecting opening 53, the material collecting opening 53 is located on the sliding track of the pushing member 51, and a recovery bin 54 is arranged directly below the material collecting opening 53.

[0065] The driving mechanism 52 comprises a driving ring 55, the pushing member 51 is detachably mounted on the driving ring 55 in the radial direction of the driving ring 55, the driving ring 55 is rotationally arranged on the machine body 21, and the driving ring 55 is driven to rotate relative to the machine body 21 by a second driving motor 56, and the second driving motor 56 and the driving ring 55 are drivingly connected by a gear transmission mechanism.

[0066] During the movement of the oversize material along the spiral track, the driving ring 55 can drive the pushing member 51 to rotate relative to the machine body 21 by the driving effect of the second driving motor 56 and the transmission effect of the gear transmission mechanism, so that the oversize material falling from the conveying mechanism 3 to the bottom surface of the winnowing cavity 22 can be collected into the recycling bin 54 through the material collecting port 53 under the pushing of the pushing member 51, and then the oversize material can be screened again by the winnowing device 2.

[0067] Referring to Figures 7-9 , the conveying mechanism 3 comprises a plurality of conveying plates 6, the rear end of each conveying plate 6 is provided with a baffle 61, each conveying plate 6 is provided with an extension plate 62, the inner end of the front end of the extension plate 62 is hingedly connected to the inner end of the front end of the conveying plate 6, a tension spring 63 for applying an inward turning force to the extension plate 62 is arranged between the outer end of the rear end of the extension plate 62 and the conveying plate 6, so that the extension plate 62 can be appropriately retracted under the action of the tension spring 63, thereby ensuring the spiral track movement of the conveying plate 6, the outer end of the rear end of the conveying plate 6 and the front end of the extension plate 62 are both provided with a first ball wheel 64, the inner end of the front end of the conveying plate 6 and the inner end of the rear end of the conveying plate 6 are respectively provided with a second ball wheel 65 and a third ball wheel 66, the first ball wheel 64, the second ball wheel 65 and the third ball wheel 66 are respectively provided with a first compression spring 67 between the conveying plate 6 and the first ball wheel 64 and between the first ball wheel 64 and the extension plate 62, and the two ends of the first compression spring 67 are respectively abutted between the two, so that the ball wheels on the extension plate 62 and the conveying plate 6 can have a certain activity allowance, thereby ensuring the spiral track movement of the conveying plate 6, the machine body 21 is provided with a first guide groove 27, a second guide groove 28 and a third guide groove 29 for respectively accommodating the sliding of the first ball wheel 64, the second ball wheel 65 and the third ball wheel 66, and the conveying plates 6 are sequentially and end-to-end connected to form a spiral conveying belt 68, the outer end of the front end of the extension plate 62, the inner end of the front end of the conveying plate 6 and the two ends of the rear end of the conveying plate 6 are all provided with ball seat structures 71, the adjacent ball seat structures 71 on the adjacent conveying plates 6 are connected by connecting rods 72, the two ends of each connecting rod 72 are provided with ball head structures 73 matched with the ball seat structures 71, and the machine body 21 is provided with two first driving motors 69 for driving the spiral conveying belt 68 to rotate, and the two first driving motors 69 are respectively located on the two ends of the spiral conveying belt 68, and the first driving motor 69 and the conveying plate 6 are drivingly connected by a gear and rack transmission mechanism.

[0068] The setting of the extending plate 62 on the conveying plate 6 and the ball head ball seat connecting structure between the adjacent conveying plates 6, combined with the ball wheel on the conveying plate 6 and the corresponding guide groove, guarantee the spiral track movement of the conveying plate 6, so that the two first driving motors 69 drive the conveying belt 68 to rotate in the spiral form under the cooperation of the driving effect of the first driving motor 69 and the transmission effect of the gear and rack transmission mechanism, so as to achieve the purpose of spiral conveying of the oversize.

[0069] In the embodiment, the length of the connecting rod 72 can be set according to the distance requirement between the adjacent conveying plates 6, so as to properly control the gap distance between the adjacent conveying plates 6 while guaranteeing the spiral track movement of the conveying plate 6, thereby reducing the number of oversize falling through the gap between the conveying plates 6.

[0070] Referring to Figure 10 , the body 21 is provided with a plurality of guide rollers 8, which are rotatably arranged on the body 21 along the radial direction of the winnowing cavity 22 and pass through the conveying belt 68, and each guide roller 8 is arranged along the spiral conveying track of the conveying mechanism 3. The guide roller 8 and the conveying plate 6 are drivingly connected through the gear and rack transmission mechanism, so that the guide roller 8 can support the conveying belt 68 and guide the movement of the conveying plate 6 through the gear and rack transmission mechanism (i.e. through the meshing between the gear and the rack in the gear and rack transmission mechanism) during the spiral track movement of the conveying plate 6.

[0071] Referring to Figure 11 , Figure 12 , the poking unit 4 includes a roller 41 and a plurality of poking rod groups 42, the roller 41 is rotatably arranged on the body 21 above the conveying belt 68, the roller 41 and the guide roller 8 opposite to it are drivingly connected through the gear transmission mechanism and the rotation directions of the two are opposite, each poking rod group 42 is equidistantly arranged along the circumferential direction of the roller 41, the poking rod group 42 includes a plurality of poking rods 43, the poking rod 43 is slidingly arranged on the roller 41 along the radial direction of the roller 41, the second compression spring 44 is arranged between the poking rod 43 and the roller 41, the two ends of the second compression spring 44 abut against the poking rod 43 and the roller 41 respectively, so that the poking rod 43 can be reduced to reduce the damage caused by hard extrusion, and each poking rod 43 is equidistantly arranged along the axial direction of the roller 41.

[0072] During the rotation of the conveying belt 68, the guide roller 8 is driven to rotate by the conveying plate 6 via the gear and rack transmission mechanism, and the drum 41 is driven to rotate by the conveying plate 6 via the gear transmission mechanism, so that the poking rod 43 on the drum 41 can poke the screen oversize on the conveying plate 6, thereby ensuring the light and heavy screening effect of the screen oversize, and in the process, since the drum 41 rotates in the opposite direction to the moving direction of the conveying plate 6, the baffle 61 on the conveying plate 6 can avoid collision with the poking unit 4 in the manner of being located in the space between adjacent poking rod groups 42, thereby ensuring the screening process of the screen oversize.

[0073] In the embodiment, the fine crushing station 14 is provided with a second crusher for fine crushing of the light substance, and the light substance is conveyed between the winnowing device 2, the second crusher and the combustible material storage bin 15 in sequence by the fourth linear conveying device, and the fourth linear conveying device adopts a belt conveyor. The fine crushing effect of the second crusher on the light substance reduces the particle size of the light substance, thereby ensuring that the particle sizes of the light substance and the medium layer undersize are uniform within a certain numerical range, which is convenient for subsequent incineration treatment.

[0074] The above described in the specification of the present application is only an example. Those skilled in the art of the present application can make various modifications or supplements to the described specific embodiments or use similar ways to replace, as long as it does not deviate from the content of the specification of the present application or exceed the scope defined by the claims, which shall belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A process for recycling and screening household waste, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Step S1, coarse crushing, the household garbage is coarsely crushed into granular materials, and then metal garbage in the granular materials is screened out by magnetic separation; Step S2, screening, the granular materials are vibrated and screened into oversize materials, middle layer undersize materials and lower layer undersize materials, then metal garbage in the oversize materials and the middle layer undersize materials is screened out by magnetic separation, and the screened middle layer undersize materials are transported to a combustible material bin; Step S3, light and heavy screening, the screened oversize materials are spirally transported from bottom to top, and vertical air is introduced from bottom to top along the center line of the spiral conveying track of the oversize materials, so that the oversize materials are air-screened into light materials and heavy materials; Step S4, fine crushing, the light materials are finely crushed and transported to the combustible material bin; The above method adopts a conveying mechanism for spiral conveying of the oversize materials, comprising a plurality of conveying plates, a baffle is arranged at the rear end of each conveying plate, an extension plate is arranged on each conveying plate, the inner end of the front end of the extension plate is hinged to the inner end of the front end of the conveying plate, a tension spring for applying an inward turning force to the extension plate is arranged between the outer end of the rear end of the extension plate and the conveying plate, a first ball wheel is arranged on the outer end of the front end of the conveying plate and the outer end of the rear end of the conveying plate, a second ball wheel and a third ball wheel are respectively arranged on the inner end of the front end of the conveying plate and the inner end of the rear end of the conveying plate, a first compression spring is arranged between the first ball wheel, the second ball wheel and the third ball wheel and the conveying plate and between the first ball wheel and the extension plate, and the two ends of the first compression spring abut against the two, a first guide groove, a second guide groove and a third guide groove for accommodating sliding of the first ball wheel, the second ball wheel and the third ball wheel are arranged on the machine body, the conveying plates are sequentially connected end to end to form a spiral conveying belt, ball seat structures are arranged on the outer end of the front end of the extension plate, the inner end of the front end of the conveying plate and the two ends of the rear end of the conveying plate, adjacent ball seat structures on adjacent conveying plates are connected by connecting rods, ball head structures matched with the ball seat structures are arranged on the two ends of the connecting rods, two first driving motors for driving rotation of the conveying belt are arranged on the machine body, and the first driving motors and the conveying plates are drivingly connected by gear and rack transmission mechanisms.

2. The process for recycling and screening household wastes according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S1, the household garbage is grabbed by a grab bucket, conveyed to a chain plate conveyor and manually sorted on a manual sorting table.

3. The process for recycling and screening household wastes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the granular materials is less than or equal to 200 mm, the particle size of the oversize materials is greater than 80 mm, the particle size of the middle layer undersize materials is greater than 20 mm and less than or equal to 80 mm, the particle size of the lower layer undersize materials is less than or equal to 20 mm, and the particle size of the finely crushed light materials is less than or equal to 80 mm.

4. The process for recycling and screening household wastes according to claim 1, wherein: In the step S3, the following steps are further included The oversize materials are poked during the spiral conveying of the oversize materials; The oversize materials falling during the spiral conveying are recovered and re-conveyed.

5. A screening system for the recycling of domestic waste according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises: The method comprises: a coarse crushing station for coarsely crushing household garbage into granular materials; a first screening station for vibrating and screening the granular materials into oversize materials, middle layer undersize materials and lower layer undersize materials; The second screening station is used for conveying the oversize upward in a spiral manner and screening the oversize into light material and heavy material by air flow along the center line of the spiral conveying track of the oversize; The fine crushing station is used for fine crushing the light material.

6. The screening system of claim 5, wherein: The second screening station is provided with an air separation device, which comprises a machine body, a conveying mechanism for spiral conveying of the oversize, and a plurality of poking units for poking the oversize on the conveying mechanism. The machine body is provided with an air separation cavity and an air outlet channel. An air outlet is arranged at the central position of the top surface of the air separation cavity, and an air inlet is arranged at the central position of the bottom surface of the air separation cavity. The air outlet channel is communicated with the air separation cavity through the air outlet. The air inlet is provided with an air supply device. The conveying mechanism is located in the air separation cavity. The input end and the output end of the conveying mechanism pass through the side wall surface of the machine body and are exposed on the machine body. The poking units are arranged at equal intervals on the side wall surface of the machine body along the spiral conveying track of the conveying mechanism.

7. The screening system of claim 6, wherein: A plurality of guide rollers are arranged on the machine body along the radial direction of the air separation cavity and pass through the conveying belt. The guide rollers are arranged along the spiral conveying track of the conveying mechanism. The guide rollers and the conveying plate are connected through a gear and rack transmission mechanism.

8. The screening system of claim 7, wherein: The poking unit comprises a roller and a plurality of poking rod groups. The roller is rotatably arranged on the machine body and located above the conveying belt. The roller and the opposite guide roller are connected through a gear transmission mechanism and rotate in opposite directions. The poking rod groups are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the roller. Each poking rod group comprises a plurality of poking rods. The poking rods are slidably arranged on the roller along the radial direction of the roller. A second compression spring is arranged between the poking rod and the roller. The two ends of the second compression spring abut against the poking rod and the roller, respectively. The poking rods are arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction of the roller.

9. The screening system of claim 6, wherein: A pushing member is slidably arranged on the bottom surface of the air separation cavity. The pushing member is driven by a driving mechanism to slide along a circular track around the central axis of the air separation cavity. A material collecting port is arranged on the bottom surface of the air separation cavity. The material collecting port is located on the sliding track of the pushing member. A recovery bin is arranged directly below the material collecting port.

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