A method for regulating the flowering period of oil palm and planting equipment

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of oil palm planting, and specifically relates to a method for regulating the flowering period of oil palm to promote early flowering. The method adopts the method of retaining one branch in a large fruit-bearing branch group and not pruning it, so as to solve the problem that a large amount of nitrogen elements accumulate in flower buds under the stress and stimulation of pruning due to autumn and winter pruning, resulting in vegetative growth with early germination of leaf buds and inhibition of germination of flower buds, and avoids the phenomenon of leaves growing first and then flowering, or leaves and flowers sprouting and growing at the same time, resulting in insufficient supply of nutrients required for the simultaneous reproductive growth and vegetative growth of the tree, which is not conducive to the germination of flower buds and blooming.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of oilseed palm planting, and in particular relates to a method for regulating and controlling the flowering period of oilseed palm to promote early flowering, and planting equipment. Background Art

[0002] Oil palm is a deciduous fruit tree with the characteristics of deciduous fruit trees, that is, its normal flower bud growth and development need to go through natural low temperature (average low temperature <7℃) dormancy before it can bloom and bear fruit normally. However, in the cultivation and production of oil palm in the south, warm winters (average low temperature >7℃ from December to February) often occur, resulting in spring coming more than 10 days earlier than in previous years, and the flowering time of oil palm is also advanced accordingly. However, since the flower buds have not fully experienced low temperature dormancy and development or the accumulation of nutrients is insufficient, the flower buds may not germinate normally or may be delayed, thereby prolonging the flowering period of oil palm. In addition, during the flowering period, it is very easy to encounter extreme low temperatures in spring, which may cause the flower organs to become deformed, unable to open normally, or to become sterile after opening, ultimately leading to reduced production or even total crop failure. In the cultivation and production of oil palm in the south, in order to ensure the germination and flowering time of oil palm flower buds in the park and obtain more flowers, appropriate irrigation methods are often used in the planting park within 10 days before or after the beginning of spring to promote the germination of oil palm flower buds. However, in the oil palm planting orchard with a large area and high terrain, it is inconvenient to get water. It takes a long time to rely on manual watering, or drip irrigation will increase the initial cost, or rely on natural rainfall, which will be limited by continuous sunny weather, and it is easy to form flower buds that do not germinate or germinate late, the flowering time is limited, the uniformity is poor, the number of flowers is small, etc., resulting in a longer entire flowering period, a longer overlapping period of flower and fruit growth periods, which is not conducive to later fruit setting, yield and cultivation management. Therefore, the existing oil palm cultivation technology is greatly affected by temperature and moisture factors, and is time-consuming, increases costs, and has poor yield stability, which is not conducive to large-scale promotion. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and planting equipment for regulating the flowering period of oil palm to promote early flowering, so as to solve the problems raised in the background technology.

[0004] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A method for regulating the flowering period of oil palm to accelerate the flowering period comprises the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Fertilize in autumn;

[0007] In autumn, when the leaves of oil palm begin to fall, oil palm planting equipment is used for fertilization. The fertilizer is mainly organic fertilizer, combined with compound fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium;

[0008] Step 2: Winter pruning;

[0009] Prune after the leaves of the shrub have fallen, and remove sick and weak branches;

[0010] Step 3: Temperature prediction;

[0011] ① Collect the temperature change information of oilseed cultivation areas in the past 10 years, and analyze and predict the general changes of winter temperature in that year in combination with the actual weather forecast of that year;

[0012] ② Based on the temperature in November of that year, if the temperature in that month is higher than in previous years and the leaves do not fall normally, it is initially judged as a warm winter; otherwise, it is a normal winter with low temperature;

[0013] In production, the above two points are combined to make a preliminary prediction of whether it is a "warm winter";

[0014] Step 4: Spray dormancy-breaking and flowering-promoting agents;

[0015] ①Warm winter conditions;

[0016] Prepare a 50-fold concentration of cyanamide sleep-breaking agent, and according to the temperature forecast in step 3 and the operation of oil farming, formulate a plan to spray the trees in the whole garden 35 to 40 days before the beginning of spring;

[0017] ②Normal low temperature in winter;

[0018] Prepare a 120-fold concentration of cyanamide sleep-breaking agent, and according to the temperature forecast in step 3 and the operation of oil farming, formulate a plan to spray the trees in the whole garden 35 to 40 days before the beginning of spring;

[0019] Step 5: Measures to protect flowers and fruits;

[0020] During the overlapping period of flowering and fruiting of oil palm, it is very easy to encounter the low temperature of spring "late spring cold", which will affect the formation of flower organs and fruit development. The combination of "brassinolide + sodium naphthaleneacetate + potassium dihydrogen phosphate" is used to spray the plants;

[0021] Among them, brassinolide has the effects of promoting root growth, protecting flowers and fruits, and increasing the growth of plant nutrients. The spraying dosage is 0.01% brassinolide and clean water at a ratio of 1:2000;

[0022] Among them, sodium naphthaleneacetate can quickly promote cell division and expansion, and also has the functions of promoting rooting, flowering, regulating growth, promoting early maturity, preventing falling flowers and fruits, and increasing production. The spraying amount is 30-50 mg / L of sodium naphthaleneacetate with a purity of 98%;

[0023] Among them, potassium dihydrogen phosphate can promote crop metabolism, improve crop rooting, frost resistance and stress resistance, and the amount used for spraying is 1:500~1000 with clean water.

[0024] In step S1, the amount of fertilizer applied is 60-65% of the total amount for the whole year.

[0025] In step S2, the one-year-old healthy branches are pruned back to a length of about 20 to 50 cm, and only one one-year-old branch in the large fruiting branch group is left unpruned, so as to avoid the branches in the fruiting branch group from accumulating a large amount of nitrogen in the flower buds under the stress and stimulation of pruning, resulting in vegetative growth with suppressed flower bud germination and premature germination of leaf buds.

[0026] Oil planting equipment, including a fertilizer box, the fertilizer box is rotatably provided with four moving wheels, the upper end of the fertilizer box is open, the lower side of the fertilizer box is provided with an installation cavity, and a fertilizer mechanism is provided in the installation cavity;

[0027] The fertilizing mechanism includes a slide groove opened at the bottom of the installation cavity, a slide seat is slidably installed in the slide groove, an electric slide rail is installed at the bottom of the slide groove, the slide seat is connected to the electric slide rail, two symmetrically arranged arc-shaped electric slide rails are rotatably installed on the upper side of the slide seat, a rotating component is provided between the two arc-shaped electric slide rails and the slide seat, the two arc-shaped electric slide rails are both connected with a sliding sleeve, a fertilizer box is connected to the upper side of the two sliding sleeves, a feed pipe corresponding to the position of the fertilizer box is connected to the upper wall of the installation cavity, and the feed pipe is provided with an electric control valve.

[0028] The rotating assembly includes two first gears fixed on the lower sides of the ends of the two arc-shaped electric slide rails, the two first gears mesh with each other, a cavity is provided in the slide seat, a second gear is rotatably mounted in the cavity, the second gear is transmission connected to one of the first gears, a rack meshing with the second gear is slidably mounted in the cavity, a spring is provided between the rack and the side wall of the cavity, a linear groove is provided on the side wall of the slide groove, a push rod extending into the linear groove is fixed to the rack, and a trapezoidal boss is fixed to the front end of the linear groove.

[0029] A discharge pipe is arranged inside the fertilization box, an electric telescopic rod is fixed to the fertilization box, and an output shaft of the electric telescopic rod is connected to a blocking plate matching the discharge pipe.

[0030] A stirring shaft is rotatably mounted in the middle of the fertilizer box, a plurality of stirring blades are fixed to the side of the stirring shaft, both ends of the stirring shaft pass through the fertilizer box and are connected to a first transmission wheel, the moving wheel is connected to a second transmission wheel, and the first transmission wheel and the second transmission wheel are connected via a transmission belt.

[0031] A storage battery is arranged inside the fertilizing box, and the electric slide rail, the arc-shaped electric slide rail, the electric control valve and the electric telescopic rod are all electrically connected to the storage battery.

[0032] 1. This patent adopts the method of retaining one branch in the large fruiting branch group and not pruning it. It can solve the problem that due to pruning in autumn and winter, the branches accumulate a large amount of nitrogen in the flower buds under the stress and stimulation of pruning, resulting in vegetative growth with early germination of leaf buds and suppressed germination of flower buds, avoiding the phenomenon of leaves growing first and then flowering or leaves and flowers sprouting and growing at the same time, resulting in insufficient supply of nutrients required for the tree's reproductive growth and vegetative growth at the same time, which is not conducive to the germination of flower buds and blooming.

[0033] 2. Combining meteorological big data and experience with leaf fall in production, we make a preliminary prediction of whether it will be a warm winter. This solves the problem of not being able to rely on a single meteorological department to provide data and predicting temperature changes without considering the actual situation in the plantation area, which is conducive to making advance preparations for later cultivation management and agricultural production.

[0034] 3. Spraying cyanamide to break dormancy and promote flowering overcomes the limitations of low temperature and moisture on flower bud germination during the growth period of oil plants, achieving early germination and blooming of flower buds, and promoting full flower buds, large amounts of flowering, good uniformity of flowering, and a more concentrated flowering period, which is beneficial to cultivation management such as fruit setting in the later stage.

[0035] 4. Based on the prediction of whether it will be a "warm winter", make an implementation plan for spraying different concentrations of cyanamide dormancy-breaking and flowering-promoting agents.

[0036] 5. During the overlapping period of flowering and fruit setting, spray a combination of flower and fruit preserving agents, and innovatively apply flower and fruit preserving agents on the branches of fruit trees (before the leaves are fully mature) (flower and fruit preserving agents, when applied to other crops, the plants have mature leaves, but when oil spraying, there are no leaves on the branches or the leaves have just shown their tips and are in the germination stage). At the same time, it improves the cold resistance of the tree, flowers and young fruits, promotes the absorption of nutrients, and prevents the falling of flowers and fruits, thereby achieving the effect of increasing production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] The present invention is further illustrated by means of the non-limiting examples given in the accompanying drawings.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a real shot of the oil plant of the present invention blooming first and then growing leaves;

[0039] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of fruiting branch group and pruning of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of flower buds and leaf buds of the oil plant of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the oil palm planting equipment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the oil palm planting equipment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 6 The structure diagram of the fertilization mechanism of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0044] Figure 7 The structure diagram of the fertilization mechanism of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0045] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the slide seat of the present invention;

[0046] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the oil palm planting equipment of the present invention.

[0047] The main component symbols are described as follows:

[0048] Fertilizer box 1, moving wheel 101, installation cavity 11, slide groove 12, slide seat 13, arc-shaped electric slide rail 14, slide sleeve 15, fertilizer box 16, discharge pipe 161, electric telescopic rod 162, blocking plate 163, feed pipe 17, first gear 2, cavity 21, second gear 22, rack 23, spring 24, linear groove 25, push rod 26, trapezoidal boss 27, stirring shaft 3, stirring blade 31, first transmission wheel 32, battery 4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0050] like Figure 1-3 As shown, a method for regulating the flowering period of oil palm of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0051] Step 1: Fertilize in autumn;

[0052] In autumn, when the leaves of oil palm begin to fall, oil palm planting equipment is used for fertilization. The fertilizer is mainly organic fertilizer, combined with compound fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. The fertilizer application rate is 60-65% of the total annual amount. Taking 5-year-old trees as an example, an orchard with an acreage yield of about 3,000 kg is applied with 3 tons of organic fertilizer, 15-20 kg of nitrogen fertilizer, 50-70 kg of ammonium phosphate and 15-20 kg of potassium fertilizer.

[0053] Step 2: Prune in winter: Prune after the leaves of the shrub have fallen, and remove sick and weak branches;

[0054] Step 3: Temperature prediction;

[0055] ① Collect the temperature change information of oilseed cultivation areas in the past 10 years, and analyze and predict the general changes of winter temperature in that year in combination with the actual weather forecast of that year;

[0056] ② Based on the temperature in November of that year, if the temperature in that month is higher than in previous years and the leaves do not fall normally, it is initially judged as a warm winter; otherwise, it is a normal winter with low temperature;

[0057] In production, the above two points are combined to make a preliminary prediction of whether it is a "warm winter";

[0058] Step 4: Spray dormancy-breaking and flowering-promoting agents;

[0059] ① Warm winter: Prepare a 50-fold concentration of cyanamide to break the sleep, and according to the temperature forecast in step 3 and the operation of oil farming, formulate a plan to spray the trees in the whole garden 35 to 40 days before the beginning of spring;

[0060] ② Normal winter low temperature conditions; prepare a 120-fold concentration of cyanamide sleep-breaking agent, and according to the temperature forecast in step 3 and the operation of oil farming, formulate a plan to spray the trees in the whole garden 35 to 40 days before the beginning of spring;

[0061] Step 5: Measures to protect flowers and fruits; During the overlapping period of flowering and fruiting growth, oilseed oil plants are very likely to encounter low temperatures in spring, which will affect the formation of floral organs and fruit development. Use a combination of "brassinolide + sodium naphthylacetate + potassium dihydrogen phosphate" to spray the plants; among them, brassinolide has the effects of promoting root growth and seedling growth, protecting flowers and fruits, and increasing the growth of the vegetative body of the plant. The spraying amount is 0.01% brassinolide and clean water at a ratio of 1:2000; among them, sodium naphthylacetate has the effect of rapidly promoting cell division and expansion, and also has the effects of promoting rooting, flowering, regulating growth, promoting early maturity, preventing falling flowers and fruits, and increasing production. The spraying amount is 30-50 mg / L of sodium naphthylacetate with a purity of 98%; among them, potassium dihydrogen phosphate has the effect of promoting crop metabolism, improving crop rooting, frost resistance, and stress resistance, and the spraying amount is 1:500-1000 with clean water.

[0062] In step S2, the one-year-old strong branches are pruned back to a length of about 20 to 50 cm, and only one one-year-old branch in the large fruiting branch group (Figure 2, the branch formed by the first forking on the ground) is left unpruned (Figure 2), so as to avoid the branches in the fruiting branch group from accumulating a large amount of nitrogen in the flower buds under the stress and stimulation of pruning, resulting in vegetative growth with suppressed flower bud germination and premature germination of leaf buds (Figure 3).

[0063] Example 1: Longyan City is located in the western part of Fujian Province, at the junction of Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi Provinces, with a geographical location between 24° north latitude. 。 23'-26 。 02', 115 East 。 51' — 117 。The city is between 44' and 652m above sea level on average. It has a subtropical monsoon climate, with an average annual temperature of 18-20℃ and a long frost-free period of more than 300 days throughout the year. The rainfall is abundant, with an average precipitation of about 1700mm, sunshine hours of 1804-2060h, fertile soil, and superior natural conditions, which have unique advantages for the development of the oil industry. However, through a survey of the oil industry in Longyan area in the past 10 years (2013-2023), it was found that in mountainous oil orchards at an altitude of 300-500m, the oil plantations are often affected by insufficient cold demand caused by warm winters or low temperature and rain during the flowering period, and remedial measures have not been taken in time, resulting in uneven flowering of oil plants, serious flower and fruit drop, and low fruit set rate, resulting in low yields or even no harvest that year.

[0064] Example 2: The experiment was conducted from December 2022 to August 2023 in Shangjian Village, Sibao Town, Liancheng County, Longyan City, Fujian Province (116 East Longitude). 。 42'18", 25 。 The fruit was grown at Lianying Fruit Farm (50'54", 502.29m above sea level). The variety was the main local variety Gutian You, 5 years old, strong and well managed.

[0065] On December 28, 2022, the Gutian oil palm planted in the open field was sprayed with cyanamide sleep-breaking agent and irrigated on the same day. The spraying of clean water was used as the control (T1, CK), and the cyanamide sleep-breaking agent (the active ingredient and its content are 50% cyanamide aqueous solution, provided by Ningxia Dayong Chemical Metallurgy Co., Ltd.) was applied at concentrations of 50 times (T2) and 120 times (T3) to treat well-growing oil palm plants, and all the above-ground branches were evenly sprayed. Daily field management was maintained thereafter. When the flower buds began to turn white, "0.01% brassinolide (1:2000) + 98% sodium naphthylacetate (40 mg / L) + potassium dihydrogen phosphate (1:1000)" were sprayed for flower protection treatment.

[0066] 1. Effect of cyanamide on the flowering period of oil palm

[0067] As shown in Table 1, spraying cyanamide can advance the flowering period and full flowering period of oil buds by 16-19 days and 19-22 days respectively compared with the control (T1, CK), and shorten the flowering period by 4-5 days compared with the control. Among them, compared with the control (T1, CK), the flowering period and full flowering period of flower buds under T2 treatment were advanced by 19 days and 22 days respectively. At the same time, as the treatment concentration decreased, its early effect also decreased accordingly, followed by T3 treatment, and the flowering period of oil buds was basically close between different concentrations of cyanamide treatments. Therefore, the flowering period of oil buds was shorter under cyanamide treatment, and all of them could promote early budding and flowering of flower buds, among which the 50-fold cyanamide treatment (T2) had the best effect.

[0068] Table 1 Flowering period of oil palm under different concentrations of cyanamide treatment

[0069] (II) Effects of cyanamide on fruit maturity and yield

[0070] As shown in Table 2, spraying cyanamide can make the maturity of oil palm fruit 12 to 15 days earlier than the control (T1, CK), and the yields under T2 and T3 treatments are 117.45 kg and 120.15 kg, respectively, which are 20.30% and 23.07% higher than the control (T1, CK), respectively. Therefore, cyanamide treatment can make the maturity of oil palm fruit earlier and increase the yield. Among them, 50 times cyanamide treatment (T2) has the best effect of advancing the maturity of fruit, while 120 times cyanamide treatment (T3) has the best effect of increasing yield.

[0071] Table 2 Fruit maturity and yield of oleifera under treatment with different concentrations of cyanamide

[0072] In summary, it is recommended that cyanamide be used to treat the oil plants at medium and high altitudes or in the southern regions to prevent the plants from blooming and preserve the flowers. This can make the oil plants bloom evenly, shorten the flowering period, and promote the early maturity of the fruits, while increasing the yield. Therefore, under normal winter low temperature conditions, a lower concentration (120 times) of cyanamide can be used for treatment, which has the best effect on increasing the yield of oil plants. Under warm winter conditions, 50 times of cyanamide can be used for treatment, which has the best effect on advancing the flowering period and fruit maturity of oil plants.

[0073] 1. This patent adopts the method of retaining one branch in the large fruiting branch group and not pruning it. It can solve the problem that due to pruning in autumn and winter, the branches accumulate a large amount of nitrogen in the flower buds under the stress and stimulation of pruning, resulting in vegetative growth with early germination of leaf buds and suppressed germination of flower buds, avoiding the phenomenon of leaves growing first and then flowering or leaves and flowers sprouting and growing at the same time, resulting in insufficient supply of nutrients required for the tree's reproductive growth and vegetative growth at the same time, which is not conducive to the germination of flower buds and blooming.

[0074] 2. Combining meteorological big data and experience with leaf fall in production, we make a preliminary prediction of whether it will be a warm winter. This solves the problem of not being able to rely on a single meteorological department to provide data and predicting temperature changes without considering the actual situation in the plantation area, which is conducive to making advance preparations for later cultivation management and agricultural production.

[0075] 3. Spraying cyanamide to break dormancy and promote flowering overcomes the limitations of low temperature and moisture on flower bud germination during the growth period of oil plants, achieving early germination and blooming of flower buds, and promoting full flower buds, large amounts of flowering, good uniformity of flowering, and a more concentrated flowering period, which is beneficial to cultivation management such as fruit setting in the later stage.

[0076] 4. Based on the prediction of whether it will be a "warm winter", make an implementation plan for spraying different concentrations of cyanamide dormancy-breaking and flowering-promoting agents.

[0077] 5. During the overlapping period of flowering and fruit setting, spray a combination of flower and fruit preserving agents, and innovatively apply flower and fruit preserving agents on the branches of fruit trees (before the leaves are fully mature) (flower and fruit preserving agents, when applied to other crops, the plants have mature leaves, but when oil spraying, there are no leaves on the branches or the leaves have just shown their tips and are in the germination stage). At the same time, the cold resistance of the tree, flowers and young fruits is improved, the absorption of nutrients is promoted, and the falling of flowers and fruits is prevented, thereby achieving the effect of increasing production.

[0078] like Figure 4-8 As shown, an oil plantation device of the present invention comprises a fertilizer box 1, the fertilizer box 1 is rotatably provided with four moving wheels 101, the upper end of the fertilizer box 1 is open, the lower side of the fertilizer box 1 is provided with an installation cavity 11, and a fertilization mechanism is provided in the installation cavity 11;

[0079] The fertilization mechanism includes a slide groove 12 opened at the bottom of the installation cavity 11, a slide seat 13 is slidably installed in the slide groove 12, an electric slide rail is installed at the bottom of the slide groove 12, the slide seat 13 is connected to the electric slide rail, two symmetrically arranged arc-shaped electric slide rails 14 are rotatably installed on the upper side of the slide seat 13, a rotating component is provided between the two arc-shaped electric slide rails 14 and the slide seat 13, the two arc-shaped electric slide rails 14 are both connected with a sliding sleeve 15, a fertilizer box 16 is connected to the upper side of the two sliding sleeves 15, and a feed pipe 17 corresponding to the position of the fertilizer box 16 is connected to the upper wall of the installation cavity 11, and the feed pipe 17 is provided with an electric control valve.

[0080] The rotating assembly includes a first gear 2 fixed on the lower side of the end of two arc-shaped electric slide rails 14, the two first gears 2 are meshed with each other, a cavity 21 is provided in the slide seat 13, a second gear 22 is rotatably assembled in the cavity 21, the second gear 22 is transmission connected to one of the first gears 2, a rack 23 meshing with the second gear 22 is slidably assembled in the cavity 21, a spring 24 is provided between the rack 23 and the side wall of the cavity 21, a linear groove 25 is opened on the side wall of the slide groove 12, a push rod 26 extending into the linear groove 25 is fixed to the rack 23, and a trapezoidal boss 27 is fixed to the front end of the linear groove 25.

[0081] A discharge pipe 161 is provided inside the fertilization box 16 , and an electric telescopic rod 162 is fixed to the fertilization box 16 . The output shaft of the electric telescopic rod 162 is connected to a blocking plate 163 that matches the discharge pipe 161 .

[0082] When in use, organic fertilizer is stored inside the fertilizer box 1, and the staff pushes the fertilizer box 1 to the front side of the oil-fruit tree, opens the electric control valve at the feed pipe 17, and the organic fertilizer falls into the fertilizer box 16 through the feed pipe 17, then closes the electric control valve, and then starts the electric slide to drive the slide 13 to move, so that the two arc-shaped electric slides 14 move toward the oil-fruit tree. After the two arc-shaped electric slides 14 are moved out of the fertilizer box 1, the slide 13 moves to the front side of the slide groove 12, and the end of the push rod 26 abuts against the trapezoidal boss 27, pushing the push rod 26 to drive the rack 23 to move, and the movement of the rack 23 can drive the second gear 22 to rotate, and then the two first gears 2 rotate, so that the two arc-shaped electric slides 14 are unfolded, and the staff pushes the fertilizer box 1 moves toward the oil-fruit tree until the two arc-shaped electric slide rails 14 are located on both sides of the oil-fruit tree, and the slide seat 13 continues to move, and the push rod 26 will be out of contact with the trapezoidal boss 27, so the elastic force of the spring 24 drives the rack 23 to reset, so that the two arc-shaped electric slide rails 14 are closed to each other and wrap the oil-fruit tree. At this time, the arc-shaped electric slide rail 14 is started to drive the sliding sleeve 15 to move, that is, the fertilizer box 16 is driven to move around the oil-fruit tree, and the electric telescopic rod 162 can drive the blocking plate 163 to move upward, so that the discharge pipe 161 is opened, that is, the organic fertilizer will fall evenly around the oil-fruit tree, and the oil-fruit tree is evenly fertilized, without the need for the staff to bend down and fertilize around the oil-fruit tree, which is simpler to operate and more efficient in fertilization;

[0083] After the fertilization is completed, it is only necessary to retract the two arc-shaped electric slide rails 14 into the installation cavity 11, wait for the fertilization box 1 to move to the front side of the next oil-fruit tree, and then perform the above-mentioned operation steps to complete the fertilization.

[0084] A stirring shaft 3 is rotatably mounted in the middle of the fertilizer box 1, and a plurality of stirring blades 31 are fixed on the side of the stirring shaft 3. Both ends of the stirring shaft 3 pass through the fertilizer box 1 and are connected to a first transmission wheel 32. The moving wheel 101 is connected to a second transmission wheel, and the first transmission wheel 32 and the second transmission wheel are connected by a transmission belt. When the staff pushes the fertilizer box 1 to move, the moving wheel 101 rotates and transmits power to the stirring shaft 3 through the cooperation of the second transmission wheel and the first transmission wheel 32, thereby driving the stirring shaft 3 to rotate, and stirring and mixing the fertilizer inside the fertilizer box 1 through the stirring blades 31 to increase the fluidity of the fertilizer.

[0085] A battery 4 is provided inside the fertilizing box 1, and the electric slide rail, arc-shaped electric slide rail, electric control valve and electric telescopic rod 162 are all electrically connected to the battery; each electrical component is powered by the battery 4, and there is no need for an external power supply when in use. A controller can be provided on the front side of the fertilizing box 1, and the controller is connected to the signals of each electrical component for controlling the operation of each electrical component, which is convenient for practical use.

[0086] Another embodiment;

[0087] like Fig. 9 As shown, as an improvement of the above-mentioned planting equipment, a discharge pipe 161 is arranged on the right side of the fertilizer box 16, and a furrowing assembly located in the slide groove 12 is arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer box 16. The furrowing assembly includes a mounting plate 5 fixed to the bottom of the fertilizer box 16, and a first electric control push rod 51 is installed on the lower side of the mounting plate 5. A U-shaped seat 52 is fixed to the output end of the first electric control push rod 51, and two second electric control push rods 53 are symmetrically arranged in the U-shaped seat 52. The output shafts of the two electric control push rods 53 are both fixed with furrow openers 54, and the ends of the two furrow openers 54 are mutually abutted to form a furrowing plow;

[0088] In the initial state, the output shaft of the first electric control push rod 51 is in a retracted state, and the furrow opener 54 is above the ground;

[0089] When in use, when the two arc-shaped electric slide rails 14 are closed to wrap the oil fruit tree, the first electric control push rod 51 is started to drive the two furrow openers 54 to move downward and extend into the ground. Therefore, when the sliding sleeve 15 moves along the arc-shaped electric slide rail 14, the furrowing plow formed by the two furrow openers 54 can make the soil turn outward to both sides to form a fertilizer ditch, and the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 1 falls into the ditch through the discharge pipe 161; and after the sliding sleeve 15 moves to the end of the arc-shaped electric slide rail 14 to complete fertilization, it will slide back and forth along the reverse side of the arc-shaped electric slide rail 14 to reset. During this process, the furrow opener 54 can be driven to move upward by the first electric control push rod 51 so that its lower end contacts the ground, and at the same time, the second electric control push rod 53 is started to drive the two furrow openers 54 away from each other, so that when the furrow opener 54 moves, the soil on both sides can be pushed back to the upper side of the fertilization ditch to cover the fertilizer, so that the roots of the oil fruit trees can be more effectively absorbed.

[0090] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with the technology may modify or change the above embodiments without violating the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed by the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An oil plantation equipment, characterized in that: It comprises a fertilizer box, the fertilizer box is rotatably provided with four moving wheels, the upper end of the fertilizer box is open, the lower side of the fertilizer box is provided with an installation cavity, and a fertilizer mechanism is provided in the installation cavity; The fertilizing mechanism comprises a slide groove opened at the bottom of the installation cavity, a slide seat is slidably mounted in the slide groove, an electric slide rail is mounted at the bottom of the slide groove, the slide seat is connected to the electric slide rail, two symmetrically arranged arcuate electric slide rails are rotatably mounted on the upper side of the slide seat, a rotating assembly is arranged between the two arcuate electric slide rails and the slide seat, the two arcuate electric slide rails are both connected to a sliding sleeve, a fertilizing box is connected to the upper side of the two sliding sleeves, a feeding pipe corresponding to the position of the fertilizing box is connected to the upper wall of the installation cavity, and the feeding pipe is provided with an electric control valve; The rotating assembly includes two first gears fixed on the lower sides of the ends of the two arc-shaped electric slide rails, the two first gears mesh with each other, a cavity is provided in the slide seat, a second gear is rotatably mounted in the cavity, the second gear is transmission connected to one of the first gears, a rack meshing with the second gear is slidably mounted in the cavity, a spring is provided between the rack and the side wall of the cavity, a linear groove is provided on the side wall of the slide groove, a push rod extending into the linear groove is fixed to the rack, and a trapezoidal boss is fixed to the front end of the linear groove.

2. The oil plantation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A discharge pipe is arranged inside the fertilization box, an electric telescopic rod is fixed to the fertilization box, and an output shaft of the electric telescopic rod is connected to a blocking plate matching the discharge pipe.

3. The oil plantation equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: A stirring shaft is rotatably mounted in the middle of the fertilizer box, a plurality of stirring blades are fixed to the side of the stirring shaft, both ends of the stirring shaft pass through the fertilizer box and are connected to a first transmission wheel, the moving wheel is connected to a second transmission wheel, and the first transmission wheel and the second transmission wheel are connected via a transmission belt.

4. The oil plantation equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: A storage battery is arranged inside the fertilizing box, and the electric slide rail, the arc-shaped electric slide rail, the electric control valve and the electric telescopic rod are all electrically connected to the storage battery.

5. A method for regulating the flowering period of oil palm, characterized in that: The operation using the oilseed planting equipment described in any one of claims 1 to 4 comprises the following steps: Step 1: Fertilize in autumn; In autumn, when the leaves of oil palm begin to fall, oil palm planting equipment is used for fertilization. The fertilizer is mainly organic fertilizer, combined with compound fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium; Step 2: Winter pruning; Prune after the leaves of the shrub have fallen, and remove sick and weak branches; Step 3: Temperature prediction; ① Collect the temperature change information of oilseed cultivation areas in the past 10 years, and analyze and predict the general changes of winter temperature in that year in combination with the actual weather forecast of that year; ② Based on the temperature in November of that year, if the temperature in that month is higher than in previous years and the leaves do not fall normally, it is initially judged as a warm winter; otherwise, it is a normal winter with low temperature; In production, the above two points are combined to make a preliminary prediction of whether it is a "warm winter"; Step 4: Spray dormancy-breaking and flowering-promoting agents; ①Warm winter conditions; Prepare a 50-fold concentration of cyanamide sleep-breaking agent, and according to the temperature forecast in step 3 and the operation of oil farming, formulate a plan to spray the trees in the whole garden 35 to 40 days before the beginning of spring; ②Normal low temperature in winter; Prepare a 120-fold concentration of cyanamide sleep-breaking agent, and according to the temperature forecast in step 3 and the operation of oil farming, formulate a plan to spray the trees in the whole garden 35 to 40 days before the beginning of spring; Step 5: Measures to protect flowers and fruits; During the overlapping period of flowering and fruiting of oil palm, it is very easy to encounter the low temperature of spring "late spring cold", which will affect the formation of flower organs and fruit development. The combination of "brassinolide + sodium naphthaleneacetate + potassium dihydrogen phosphate" is used to spray the plants; Among them, brassinolide has the effects of promoting root growth, protecting flowers and fruits, and increasing the growth of plant nutrients. The spraying dosage is 0.01% brassinolide and clean water at a ratio of 1:2000; Among them, sodium naphthaleneacetate can quickly promote cell division and expansion, and also has the effects of promoting rooting, flowering, regulating growth, promoting early maturity, preventing falling flowers and fruits, and increasing production. The spraying amount is 30-50 mg / L of sodium naphthaleneacetate with a purity of 98%; Among them, potassium dihydrogen phosphate can promote crop metabolism, improve crop rooting, frost resistance and stress resistance, and the amount used for spraying is 1:500~1000 with clean water.

6. The method for regulating the flowering period of oil palm according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S1, the amount of fertilizer applied is 60-65% of the total amount for the whole year.

7. The method for regulating the flowering period of oil palm according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S2, the length of the one-year-old healthy branches is pruned back to 20-50 cm, and only one one-year-old branch in the large fruiting branch group is left unpruned, so as to avoid the branches in the fruiting branch group from accumulating a large amount of nitrogen in the flower buds under the stress and stimulation of pruning, resulting in vegetative growth with suppressed flower bud germination and premature germination of leaf buds.

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