A material changing device and method for 3D printing

Abstract

The present invention discloses a material changing device and method for 3D printing, which relates to the technical field of 3D printing. The structure includes a gripping part, two of which are symmetrically arranged and can rotate. When the two gripping parts rotate toward each other to a set position, they can embrace a 3D printing pen. When the two gripping parts rotate in the opposite direction to another position, the gripping part is separated from the 3D printing pen. An extrusion mechanism is respectively arranged on the two gripping parts, which can move synchronously with the corresponding gripping parts. When the gripping part embraces the 3D printing pen, the extrusion mechanism can extrude the printing consumables in the 3D printing pen from the pen head. The present invention adopts the material changing method of the above device, and there is no need to replace the entire print head. The 3D printing pen is detachable, so each time, only the 3D printing pen with different color printing consumables needs to be replaced, and the replacement efficiency is high, and the waste of consumables is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, and in particular to a material changing device and method for 3D printing. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of 3D printing technology, the requirements for printing efficiency and material utilization are increasing day by day. In order to achieve multi-color and multi-material printing, the traditional 3D printing material replacement method usually uses a common set of hot ends, extruders, and nozzles to withdraw the original consumables and then feed new consumables to achieve material replacement and color change. However, due to the parameters between different materials and other reasons, if different types of consumables are replaced, it is extremely easy to cause blockage, so it is essentially impossible to achieve multi-material printing stably. And due to the limitations of its method, the color change time is long, and it is necessary to extrude new replacement consumables that are larger than the actual amount in order to clean up the residual consumables in the hot end and solve the color pollution problem. This technology has the defects of large waste of consumables, long color change time, and complex and unstable structure.

[0003] Another existing material changing technology requires switching the entire print head through tool setting. Since it uses the method of switching the entire print head, each tool head corresponds to one material, it can achieve multi-material printing, but the entire print head is very heavy, large in size, and easy to deform, which affects the tool setting accuracy, resulting in high cost and insufficient precision.

[0004] In summary, there is an urgent need for a device that is efficient in replacing printing materials and can reduce waste of consumables. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a material replacement device and method for 3D printing to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. There is no need to replace the entire print head. Only a 3D printing pen with different printing consumables needs to be replaced to achieve the replacement of printing materials, thereby improving the replacement efficiency and avoiding the waste of printing consumables.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a material changing device for 3D printing, comprising: a gripping part, two gripping parts are symmetrically arranged and can rotate, when the two gripping parts rotate towards each other to a set position, they can embrace a 3D printing pen, when the two gripping parts rotate in the opposite direction to another position, the gripping part is separated from the 3D printing pen; an extrusion mechanism, which is respectively arranged on the two gripping parts, can move synchronously with the corresponding gripping parts, and when the gripping parts embrace the 3D printing pen, the extrusion mechanism can extrude the printing consumables in the 3D printing pen from the pen head. The present invention does not need to replace the entire print head, and the 3D printing pen is detachable, so each time only needs to replace the 3D printing pen with a different color printing consumable, the replacement efficiency is high, and the waste of consumables is avoided.

[0008] Optionally, it also includes a carrying part, one side of which is connected to the 3D printing pen through a connecting piece, and the other side of the carrying part is movably arranged on the mobile device; the holding part is installed on the carrying part, and by setting the carrying part, the printing device of the present invention can flexibly move with the mobile device, thereby realizing 3D printing of the set pattern.

[0009] Optionally, the bearing part includes a bearing platform frame, one side of the bearing platform frame has a U-shaped groove, the U-shaped groove is movably connected to the moving device, the other side of the bearing platform frame is connected to the 3D printing pen through the connecting piece, and the gripping part is connected to the top of the bearing platform frame through a gripping part driving device. The U-shaped groove structure of the bearing platform frame prevents it from interfering with the moving device, and the bearing platform frame does not interfere with the movement during the movement.

[0010] Optionally, the moving device includes an X-line rail platform, on which an X-axis profile linear rail is fixedly provided, on which a slider is slidably provided, and one side of the bearing portion is fixedly connected to the slider. By arranging an X-direction driving mechanism on one side of the slider, the movement of the present invention in the X-direction can be achieved. On this basis, the present invention can set the X-line rail platform on the Y-direction moving mechanism, and the Y-direction moving mechanism on the Z-direction moving mechanism, so as to achieve three-dimensional movement of the device of the present invention. The specific structure and driving method of the moving device, the Y-direction moving mechanism and the Z-direction moving mechanism are not limited, and a screw nut mechanism, a guide rail sliding mechanism, or a chain sprocket mechanism can be used.

[0011] Optionally, the connecting member includes a connecting plate, the connecting plate is fixedly connected to one side of the bearing part, a plurality of slots are evenly arranged on one side of the connecting member away from the bearing part, a plurality of protrusions corresponding to the slots are arranged on one side of the 3D printing pen, and the protrusions can be snapped into the slots. The 3D printing pen is snapped and fixed to the connecting plate so that it can move with the 3D printing pen. When disassembling, the 3D printing pen can be separated from the connecting plate by simply pulling it outward.

[0012] Optionally, the holding part includes a holding top plate, a holding bottom plate and a holding connecting plate, the front bottom of the holding top plate and the front top of the holding bottom plate are fixedly connected by a vertically arranged holding connecting plate, the middle part of the holding top plate is movably mounted on the support rod at the top of the bearing platform frame, the middle part of the holding bottom plate is movably mounted on the support rod at the bottom of the bearing platform frame, the holding part driving device is movably connected to the rear sides of the holding top plate and the holding bottom plate respectively, and the holding part driving device can drive the holding part to rotate around the corresponding support rod.

[0013] Optionally, the holding part driving device includes a movable frame and a servo fixedly arranged on the top of the supporting platform frame; the movable frame is a rectangular plate-like structure, one end of which is provided with a groove, the top of the other end of the movable frame is rotatably connected to the corresponding rear side of the holding top plate through a rotating shaft, and the bottom of the other end of the movable frame is rotatably connected to the corresponding rear side of the holding bottom plate through a rotating shaft; the servo transmission is connected to a servo handle, a vertically arranged pull rod is fixedly provided at the end of the servo handle, the pull rod is rotatably connected to the top of two movable frames at one end with the groove, and the bottom of two movable frames at one end with the groove is movably connected via a rotating shaft; when the servo drives the servo handle to move forward and backward, it can drive the holding part to rotate around the corresponding support rod.

[0014] Optionally, a mounting groove is provided on the front side of the holding top plate, and the mounting groove is used to install the extrusion mechanism. A strip groove is provided on the inner side of the holding connecting plate, and the strip groove can abut against the side wall of the 3D printing pen.

[0015] Optionally, extrusion grooves are symmetrically provided on both sides of the upper part of the 3D printing pen; the extrusion mechanism includes an extruder motor fixedly arranged on the upper part of the top plate of the holding plate, the extruder motor is transmission-connected to a reduction gear set, the reduction gear set is transmission-connected to an extruder gear, the reduction gear set is arranged in the mounting groove, the extruder gear is located outside the extrusion groove, when the holding portion embraces the 3D printing pen, the extruder gear abuts against the printing consumables in the 3D printing pen from the corresponding extrusion groove, and the rotation of the extruder gear can drive the printing consumables to be output from the pen tip at the bottom of the 3D printing pen.

[0016] Optionally, an axial flow fan is further included, wherein the axial flow fan is arranged on a fan frame, and the fan frame is fixedly arranged on a side of the 3D printing pen away from the connecting member.

[0017] The present invention also provides a material replacement method for 3D printing, comprising the following steps:

[0018] Step 1: Start the gripping part, rotate the two gripping parts towards each other to embrace the 3D printing pen, start the extrusion mechanism, extrude the printing consumables from the pen head at the bottom of the 3D printing pen, and perform 3D printing;

[0019] Step 2: Stop the extrusion mechanism, control the gripping part to rotate in the reverse direction until it is separated from the 3D printing pen, remove the 3D printing pen, and replace it with another 3D printing pen with the required type of printing consumables;

[0020] Step 3: restart the gripping part, rotate the two gripping parts toward each other to embrace the replaced 3D printing pen, start the extrusion mechanism, extrude the printing consumables from the pen tip at the bottom of the replaced 3D printing pen, and continue 3D printing;

[0021] Step 4: Repeat steps 1 to 3 until 3D printing is completed.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0023] The present invention is provided with a plurality of 3D printing pens, and the printing consumables in the 3D printing pens are of different colors and types. Therefore, when the color of the consumable needs to be changed, only the 3D printing pen needs to be replaced, and there is no need to replace the entire print head, which is highly efficient. Since only one type of printing consumable is arranged in each 3D printing pen, it is not necessary to withdraw the original consumable and then feed the new consumable, and material replacement and color change can be achieved. There is no need to squeeze out too much printing consumable when changing the printing consumable, thereby avoiding waste of printing consumables. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a material changing device for 3D printing according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of another angle of the material changing device for 3D printing of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the interior of a material changing device for 3D printing according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the interior of the material changing device for 3D printing of the present invention from another angle;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the 3D printing pen of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the connection plate;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the load-bearing platform frame;

[0032] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the grip portion;

[0033] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the grip part from another angle;

[0034] Fig.10 The figure is a schematic diagram of the activity frame;

[0035] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of an axial flow fan;

[0036] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the reduction gear;

[0037] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of a slider;

[0038] Fig.14 This is a schematic diagram of the X-axis profile rail;

[0039] Fig.15 This is a schematic diagram of the servo handle and pull rod;

[0040] Fig.16 This is a schematic diagram of the extruder gear;

[0041] Fig.17 This is a schematic diagram of the extruder motor;

[0042] Fig.18 Schematic diagram of the connecting shaft of the reduction gear set.

[0043] In the figure: 1-3D printing pen, 2-holding part, 201-holding top plate, 202-holding bottom plate, 203-holding connecting plate, 3-X-line rail platform, 4-X-axis profile line rail, 5-slider, 6-axial flow fan, 7-connecting plate, 701-slot, 8-bearing platform frame, 9-support rod, 10-movable frame, 11-servo, 12-servo handle, 13-pull rod, 14-extrusion slot, 15-extruder motor, 16-reduction gear set, 17-extruder gear, 18-reduction gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a material replacement device and method for 3D printing to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. There is no need to replace the entire print head. Only a 3D printing pen with different printing consumables needs to be replaced to achieve the replacement of printing materials, thereby improving the replacement efficiency and avoiding the waste of printing consumables.

[0046] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0047] like Figures 1 to 18 As shown, the present invention provides a material changing device for 3D printing, including a gripping part 2, two gripping parts 2 are symmetrically arranged and can rotate toward or away from each other, when the two gripping parts 2 rotate toward each other to a set position, they can embrace the 3D printing pen 1, and when the two gripping parts 2 rotate in the opposite direction to another position, the gripping part 2 is separated from the 3D printing pen 1; the extrusion mechanism is respectively arranged on the two gripping parts 2, and can move synchronously with the corresponding gripping parts 2, and when the gripping part 2 embraces the 3D printing pen 1, the extrusion mechanism can extrude the printing consumables in the 3D printing pen 1 from the pen tip, and the printing consumables are strip-shaped structures similar to pencil cores, which are vertically arranged in the 3D printing pen 1, and when extruded from the pen tip at the bottom of the printing pen, they are heated and melted at the pen tip for 3D printing. The present invention does not need to replace the entire print head, and the 3D printing pen 1 is detachable, so each time only needs to replace the 3D printing pen 1 with a different color of printing consumables, the replacement efficiency is high, and the waste of consumables is avoided.

[0048] In order to make the printing process smoother and the printing patterns more diversified, the device of the present invention needs to be able to move three-dimensionally during the printing process. For this purpose, the present invention provides a bearing platform frame 8, one side of the bearing platform frame 8 has a U-shaped groove, the U-shaped groove is movably connected to the mobile device, the other side of the bearing platform frame 8 is connected to the 3D printing pen 1 through a connector, and the grip 2 is connected to the top of the bearing platform frame 8 through the grip 2 driving device. The U-shaped groove structure of the bearing platform frame 8 prevents it from interfering with the mobile device, and the bearing platform frame 8 will not interfere with the movement during the movement, so that the printing device of the present invention can move flexibly with the mobile device, thereby realizing 3D printing of the set pattern. In order to prevent the temperature at the non-printing position from being too high and affecting the transportation of printing consumables, the present invention arranges an axial flow fan 6 on the outside of the 3D printing pen 1. The axial flow fan 6 is arranged on a fan frame, and the fan frame is fixedly arranged on the side of the 3D printing pen 1 away from the connecting piece. The axial flow fan 6 can cool the end of the 3D printing pen 1 away from the pen tip, so that the printing consumables can be smoothly transported to the pen tip, and then heated and melted at the pen tip for 3D printing.

[0049] In order to realize three-dimensional movement during the printing process, the mobile device of the present invention includes an X-line rail platform 3, an X-axis profile line rail 4 is fixedly provided on the X-line rail platform 3, a slider 5 is slidably provided on the X-axis profile line rail 4, and one side of the bearing part is fixedly connected to the slider 5. By arranging an X-direction driving mechanism on one side of the slider 5, the movement of the present invention in the X direction can be realized. On this basis, the present invention can set the X-line rail platform 3 on the Y-direction moving mechanism, and the Y-direction moving mechanism is set on the Z-direction moving mechanism, so as to realize the three-dimensional movement of the device of the present invention. The specific structure and driving method of the mobile device, the Y-direction moving mechanism and the Z-direction moving mechanism are not limited, and a screw nut mechanism, a guide rail sliding mechanism, and a chain sprocket mechanism can be used.

[0050] In order to make the connection of the 3D printing pen 1 of the present invention more stable when in use and more convenient when disassembled, the connecting piece of the present invention adopts a connecting plate 7, and the connecting plate 7 is fixedly connected to one side of the bearing platform frame 8 by screws. A plurality of card slots 701 are evenly arranged on the side of the connecting piece away from the bearing platform frame 8, and a plurality of protrusions corresponding to the card slots 701 are arranged on one side of the 3D printing pen 1, and the protrusions can be snapped into the corresponding card slots 701, so that the 3D printing pen 1 is snapped and fixed on the connecting plate 7, and can move with the bearing platform frame 8, and no shaking or deflection will occur during the movement. When disassembling, the 3D printing pen 1 can be separated from the connecting plate 7 by simply pulling it outward.

[0051] In order to further improve the stability of the 3D printing pen 1 when in use, the gripping portion 2 is designed to include a gripping top plate 201, a gripping bottom plate 202 and a gripping connecting plate 203. The cross-sections of the front bottom of the gripping top plate 201 and the front side of the gripping bottom plate 202 are both triangular structures. The front bottom of the gripping top plate 201 and the front top of the gripping bottom plate 202 are fixedly connected by a vertically arranged gripping connecting plate 203. The middle portion of the gripping top plate 201 is movably sleeved on the support rod 9 at the top of the bearing platform frame 8, and the middle portion of the gripping bottom plate 202 is movably sleeved on the support rod 9 at the bottom of the bearing platform frame 8. The driving device of the gripping portion 2 includes a movable frame 10 and a servo fixedly arranged on the top of the bearing platform frame 8; the movable frame 10 is a rectangular The movable frame 10 is a plate-like structure with a groove at one end. The top of the other end of the movable frame 10 is rotatably connected to the rear side of the corresponding holding top plate 201 through a rotating shaft, and the bottom of the other end of the movable frame 10 is rotatably connected to the rear side of the corresponding holding bottom plate 202 through a rotating shaft; the servo 11 is transmission-connected with a servo handle 12, and a vertically arranged pull rod 13 is fixed at the end of the servo handle 12. The pull rod 13 is rotatably connected to the top of one end of the two movable frames 10 with the groove, and the bottom of one end of the two movable frames 10 with the groove is movably connected through a rotating shaft; when the servo 11 drives the servo handle 12 to move forward and backward, it can drive the holding part 2 to rotate around the corresponding support rod 9, thereby realizing the front side of the holding part 2 to embrace or detach from the 3D printing pen 1. A mounting groove is provided on the front side of the holding top plate 201, and the mounting groove is used to install the extrusion mechanism. When the 3D printing pen 1 is embraced, the extrusion mechanism arranged in the mounting groove will not interfere with the embracing process. A strip groove is provided on the inner side of the holding connecting plate 203, and the strip groove can abut against the side wall of the 3D printing pen 1. Therefore, after embracing, the strip groove and the two sides of the 3D printing pen 1 are positioned to further improve its stability.

[0052] The 3D printing pen 1 of the present invention is provided with a vertically arranged pen tube structure, and the printing consumables pass through the pen tube structure. The pen tube structure on the upper part of the 3D printing pen 1 is symmetrically provided with arc-shaped extrusion grooves 14 on both sides; the extrusion mechanism includes an extruder motor 15 fixedly arranged on the upper part of the top plate of the holding plate, and the extruder motor 15 is connected to a reduction gear set 16 after passing through the through hole of the top plate of the holding plate. The reduction gear set 16 is arranged in the installation groove through a bearing. A worm gear structure can be adopted here, or a traditional reduction gear set 16 structure can be adopted. Reduction gears are respectively arranged at both ends of the connecting shaft of the reduction gear set 16, and a reduction gear 18 at one end of the reduction gear set 16 is connected to the transmission of the extruder motor 15. The shaft transmission connection can adopt a worm gear structure or a bevel gear structure to achieve the transmission effect. The reduction gear 18 at the other end of the reduction gear set 16 is transmission-connected with the extruder gear 17. The gear shaft of the extruder gear 17 is arranged in the installation groove and will not interfere with the gear shaft of the reduction gear set 16. The extruder gear 17 is sleeved on the extruder gear 17 shaft. The outer end face of the extruder gear 17 is located outside the extrusion groove 14. When the holding portion 2 embraces the 3D printing pen 1, the extruder gear 17 abuts against the printing consumables in the 3D printing pen 1 from the corresponding extrusion groove 14. The rotation of the extruder gear 17 can drive the printing consumables to be output from the pen head at the bottom of the 3D printing pen 1.

[0053] The present invention also provides a material replacement method for 3D printing, comprising the following steps:

[0054] Step 1: Start the gripping part 2, the two gripping parts 2 rotate toward each other to embrace the 3D printing pen 1, start the extrusion mechanism, and extrude the printing consumables from the pen tip at the bottom of the 3D printing pen 1 to perform 3D printing;

[0055] Step 2: stop the extrusion mechanism, control the gripping part 2 to rotate in the reverse direction until it is separated from the 3D printing pen 1, remove the 3D printing pen 1, and replace it with another 3D printing pen 1 with the required type of printing consumables. Multiple 3D printing pens 1 are movably fixed on the pen holder, and the gripping part 2 and the extrusion mechanism cooperate to realize the switching of the 3D printing pens 1, so as to achieve the effect of material replacement, so as to realize multi-color and multi-material printing;

[0056] Step 3: restart the gripping part 2, rotate the two gripping parts 2 toward each other to embrace the replaced 3D printing pen 1, start the extrusion mechanism, extrude the printing consumables from the pen tip at the bottom of the replaced 3D printing pen 1, and continue 3D printing;

[0057] Step 4: Repeat steps 1 to 3 until 3D printing is completed.

[0058] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A material changing device for 3D printing, characterized in that: include: A gripping portion, wherein the two gripping portions are symmetrically arranged and rotatable, and when the two gripping portions are rotated toward each other to a set position, the gripping portion can embrace the 3D printing pen, and when the two gripping portions are rotated in opposite directions to another position, the gripping portion is separated from the 3D printing pen; The extrusion mechanism is respectively arranged on the two holding parts, and can move synchronously with the corresponding holding parts, and when the holding parts embrace the 3D printing pen, the extrusion mechanism can extrude the printing consumables in the 3D printing pen from the pen tip; It also includes a bearing part, the gripping part is mounted on the bearing part; the bearing part includes a bearing platform frame, and the gripping part is connected to the top of the bearing platform frame through a gripping part driving device; The holding part includes a holding top plate, a holding bottom plate and a holding connecting plate, the front bottom of the holding top plate and the front top of the holding bottom plate are fixedly connected by a vertically arranged holding connecting plate, the middle part of the holding top plate is movably sleeved on the support rod at the top of the bearing platform frame, the middle part of the holding bottom plate is movably sleeved on the support rod at the bottom of the bearing platform frame, the holding part driving device is movably connected to the rear sides of the holding top plate and the holding bottom plate respectively, and the holding part driving device can drive the holding part to rotate around the corresponding support rod; the holding part driving device includes a movable frame and a steering gear fixedly arranged on the top of the bearing platform frame; The movable frame is a rectangular plate structure, one end of which is provided with a groove, the top of the other end of the movable frame is rotatably connected to the corresponding rear side of the holding top plate through a rotating shaft, and the bottom of the other end of the movable frame is rotatably connected to the corresponding rear side of the holding bottom plate through a rotating shaft; the servo transmission is connected to a servo handle, and a vertically arranged pull rod is fixed at the end of the servo handle, the pull rod is rotatably connected to the top of one end of the two movable frames with the groove, and the bottom of one end of the two movable frames with the groove is movably connected through a rotating shaft; when the servo drives the servo handle to move forward and backward, it can drive the holding part to rotate around the corresponding support rod.

2. The material changing device for 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that: One side of the bearing part is connected to the 3D printing pen through a connecting piece, and the other side of the bearing part is movably arranged on the mobile device.

3. The material changing device for 3D printing according to claim 2, characterized in that: One side of the carrying platform frame is provided with a U-shaped groove, the U-shaped groove is movably connected to the moving device, and the other side of the carrying platform frame is connected to the 3D printing pen through the connecting piece.

4. The material changing device for 3D printing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The moving device comprises an X-line rail platform, on which an X-axis profile rail is fixedly arranged, on which a slider is slidably arranged, and one side of the bearing part is fixedly connected to the slider.

5. The material changing device for 3D printing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting member includes a connecting plate, which is fixedly connected to one side of the bearing portion. A side of the connecting member away from the bearing portion is evenly provided with a plurality of slots, and a side of the 3D printing pen is provided with a plurality of protrusions corresponding to the slots, and the protrusions can be snapped into the slots.

6. The material changing device for 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mounting groove is provided on the front side of the holding top plate, and the extrusion mechanism is installed in the mounting groove. A strip groove is provided on the inner side of the holding connection plate, and the strip groove can abut against the side wall of the 3D printing pen.

7. The material changing device for 3D printing according to claim 6, characterized in that: Extrusion grooves are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper part of the 3D printing pen; the extrusion mechanism includes an extruder motor fixedly arranged on the upper part of the holding top plate, the extruder motor is transmission-connected with a reduction gear set, the reduction gear set is transmission-connected with an extruder gear, the reduction gear set is arranged in the mounting groove, the extruder gear is located outside the extrusion groove, when the holding portion embraces the 3D printing pen, the extruder gear abuts against the printing consumables in the 3D printing pen from the corresponding extrusion groove, and the rotation of the extruder gear can drive the printing consumables to be output from the pen tip at the bottom of the 3D printing pen.

8. The material changing device for 3D printing according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes an axial flow fan, which is arranged on a fan frame, and the fan frame is fixedly arranged on a side of the 3D printing pen away from the connecting piece.

9. A material changing method for 3D printing using the material changing device for 3D printing according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Start the gripping part, rotate the two gripping parts towards each other to embrace the 3D printing pen, start the extrusion mechanism, extrude the printing consumables from the pen head at the bottom of the 3D printing pen, and perform 3D printing; Step 2: Stop the extrusion mechanism, control the gripping part to rotate in the reverse direction until it is separated from the 3D printing pen, remove the 3D printing pen, and replace it with another 3D printing pen with the required type of printing consumables; Step 3: restart the gripping part, rotate the two gripping parts toward each other to embrace the replaced 3D printing pen, start the extrusion mechanism, extrude the printing consumables from the pen tip at the bottom of the replaced 3D printing pen, and continue 3D printing; Step 4: Repeat steps 1 to 3 until 3D printing is completed.

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