Vehicle charging device, method and vehicle

Abstract

The present application relates to a charging device, method and vehicle for a vehicle, wherein the charging device for the vehicle includes a first on-off control unit; the first on-off control unit includes a first end for electrically connecting to a first interface of a high-voltage battery pack in the vehicle and an input end of a low-voltage charger corresponding to a low-voltage battery in the vehicle, respectively, and a second end for electrically connecting to an output end of a charging seat of the vehicle; the first on-off control unit is used to control the current to flow only from the output end of the charging seat to the first interface of the high-voltage battery pack and the input end of the low-voltage charger. By setting the first on-off control unit, the present application can control the current to flow only from the output end of the charging seat to the first interface of the high-voltage battery pack and the input end of the low-voltage charger, which can not only ensure that the current can be output to the low-voltage charger to charge the low-voltage battery during the charging stage, but also prevent the current of the high-voltage battery pack from flowing back to the charging seat during the discharge stage, thereby making the charging seat uncharged during the discharge stage and reducing safety hazards.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of automobile technology, and in particular to a charging device and method for a vehicle and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Low-speed unmanned vehicles have developed rapidly in recent years, and their application scope has been continuously broadened, from simple park patrols to complex logistics distribution. The diversification of their functions and the improvement of their efficiency have put forward higher requirements on the technical performance of the vehicles themselves. Among these requirements, the importance of battery systems and their charging technologies is particularly prominent, which is directly related to the cruising range, stability, safety and cost-effectiveness of low-speed unmanned vehicles.

[0003] However, there are still many problems with the current traditional low-speed unmanned vehicle charging architecture. For high-voltage battery packs with the same charging and discharging ports, when the high-voltage battery pack is discharged, the charging station will be charged, which poses a great safety hazard. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a charging device, method and vehicle for a vehicle, which can make the charging base uncharged when the high-voltage battery pack is discharged, so as to at least partially solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, according to a first aspect of the present application, a charging device for a vehicle is provided, the charging device for the vehicle comprising a first on-off control unit;

[0006] The first on-off control unit includes a first end for electrically connecting to a first interface of a high-voltage battery pack in the vehicle and an input end of a low-voltage charger corresponding to a low-voltage battery in the vehicle, respectively, and a second end for electrically connecting to an output end of a charging base of the vehicle;

[0007] The first on-off control unit is used to control the current to flow only from the output end of the charging base to the first interface of the high-voltage battery pack and the input end of the low-voltage charger.

[0008] In some embodiments, the first on-off control unit includes a first semiconductor switch and a first control unit;

[0009] The first semiconductor switch includes a first access end for electrically connecting to the first interface of the high-voltage battery pack and the input end of the low-voltage charger respectively, a second access end for electrically connecting to the output end of the charging stand, and a driving end electrically connected to the output end of the first control unit;

[0010] The first control unit is used for controlling the first semiconductor switch to be turned off only in the non-charging phase.

[0011] In some embodiments, the first semiconductor switch includes a first MOS transistor.

[0012] In some embodiments, the charging device of the vehicle further includes a current limiting unit;

[0013] The current limiting unit is electrically connected between the second end of the first on-off control unit and the output end of the charging base.

[0014] In some embodiments, the current limiting unit includes a fuse.

[0015] In some embodiments, the second end of the first on / off control unit is also used to be electrically connected to the second interface of the high-voltage battery pack.

[0016] In some embodiments, the charging device of the vehicle further includes a second on-off control unit;

[0017] The second on-off control unit includes a first end for electrically connecting to the second interface of the high-voltage battery pack, and a second end electrically connected to the second end of the first on-off control unit and for electrically connecting to the output end of the charging station;

[0018] The second on-off control unit is used to disconnect when the first end of the second on-off control unit is not electrically connected to the second interface of the high-voltage battery pack.

[0019] In some embodiments, the second on-off control unit includes a second semiconductor switch and a second control unit;

[0020] The second semiconductor switch includes a first access end electrically connected to the second interface of the high-voltage battery pack, a second access end electrically connected to the second end of the first on-off control unit and electrically connected to the output end of the charging base, and a driving end electrically connected to the output end of the second control unit;

[0021] The second control unit is used to control the second semiconductor switch to be disconnected when the first access end of the second semiconductor switch is not electrically connected to the second interface of the high-voltage battery pack.

[0022] In some embodiments, the second semiconductor switch includes a second MOS transistor.

[0023] According to a second aspect of the present application, a vehicle charging method is provided. The vehicle charging method is applied to the vehicle charging device in any of the above embodiments. The vehicle charging method includes:

[0024] When the voltage of the low-voltage battery is lower than the starting voltage of the system controller and the input end of the charging base is connected to the charging gun, the first on-off control unit controls the current to flow from the output end of the charging base to the input end of the low-voltage charger, so that the low-voltage charger charges the low-voltage battery;

[0025] Among them, the system controller is used to control the on and off of the charging and discharging circuit of the high-voltage battery pack.

[0026] In some embodiments, after the step of controlling the current to flow from the output end of the charging base to the input end of the low-voltage charger by the first on-off control unit, the vehicle charging method further includes:

[0027] When the voltage of the low-voltage battery is not lower than the starting voltage of the system controller and the voltage of the high-voltage battery pack is not lower than the lower limit voltage of the high-voltage battery pack, the first on-off control unit controls the current to stop flowing from the output end of the charging seat to the input end of the low-voltage charger, so that the system controller after startup controls the high-voltage battery pack to continue charging the low-voltage battery through the low-voltage charger;

[0028] When the voltage of the low-voltage battery is not lower than the starting voltage of the system controller but the voltage of the high-voltage battery pack is lower than the lower limit voltage of the high-voltage battery pack, the first on-off control unit controls the current to flow from the output end of the charging seat to the input end of the low-voltage charger, so that the low-voltage charger continues to charge the low-voltage battery.

[0029] According to a third aspect of the present application, a vehicle charging method is provided. The vehicle charging method is applied to the vehicle charging device in some of the above embodiments. The first interface of the high-voltage battery pack is a charging and discharging interface. The vehicle charging method includes:

[0030] When the voltage of the low-voltage battery is not lower than the starting voltage of the system controller, the voltage of the high-voltage battery pack is lower than the lower limit voltage of the high-voltage battery pack and the input end of the charging seat is connected to the charging gun, in response to the charging circuit of the high-voltage battery pack being turned on due to the startup of the system controller, the first on-off control unit controls the current to flow from the output end of the charging seat to the first interface of the high-voltage battery pack to charge the high-voltage battery pack.

[0031] According to a fourth aspect of the present application, a vehicle charging method is provided. The vehicle charging method is applied to the vehicle charging device in some of the above embodiments. The first interface of the high-voltage battery pack is a charging and discharging interface. The vehicle charging method includes:

[0032] Controlling the second on-off control unit to disconnect;

[0033] When the voltage of the low-voltage battery is not lower than the starting voltage of the system controller, the voltage of the high-voltage battery pack is lower than the lower limit voltage of the high-voltage battery pack and the input end of the charging seat is connected to the charging gun, in response to the charging circuit of the high-voltage battery pack being turned on due to the startup of the system controller, the first on-off control unit controls the current to flow from the output end of the charging seat to the first interface of the high-voltage battery pack to charge the high-voltage battery pack.

[0034] According to a fifth aspect of the present application, a vehicle charging method is provided. The vehicle charging method is applied to the vehicle charging device in some of the above embodiments. The first interface of the high-voltage battery pack is a discharge port, and the second interface of the high-voltage battery pack is a charging port. The vehicle charging method includes:

[0035] When the voltage of the low-voltage battery is not lower than the starting voltage of the system controller, the voltage of the high-voltage battery pack is lower than the lower limit voltage of the high-voltage battery pack and the input end of the charging seat is connected to the charging gun, in response to the charging circuit of the high-voltage battery pack being turned on due to the startup of the system controller, the second on-off control unit controls the current to flow from the output end of the charging seat to the second interface of the high-voltage battery pack to charge the high-voltage battery pack.

[0036] According to a sixth aspect of the present application, a vehicle is provided, comprising a high-voltage battery pack, a low-voltage battery, a low-voltage charger, and a charging device for the vehicle in any one of the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0037] In the charging device of the vehicle in the embodiment of the present application, a first on-off control unit is provided, which can control the current to flow only from the output end of the charging seat to the first interface of the high-voltage battery pack and the input end of the low-voltage charger. This can ensure that the current can be output to the low-voltage charger to charge the low-voltage battery during the charging stage, and can also prevent the current of the high-voltage battery pack from flowing back to the charging seat during the discharge stage, so that the charging seat is not charged during the discharge stage, reducing safety hazards.

[0038] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in detail in the subsequent detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

[0040] In order to more completely understand the present application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same figure numbers represent the same parts in the following description.

[0041] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle charging device provided in an exemplary embodiment disclosed in the present application;

[0042] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a first on-off control unit provided in an exemplary embodiment disclosed in the present application, including a first semiconductor switch and a first control unit;

[0043] Figure 3is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle charging device provided in an exemplary embodiment disclosed in the present application further including a current limiting unit;

[0044] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a first on-off control unit provided in an exemplary embodiment disclosed in the present application and also used for being electrically connected to a second interface of a high-voltage battery pack;

[0045] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle charging device provided in an exemplary embodiment disclosed in the present application further including a second on-off control unit;

[0046] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of a second on-off control unit provided in an exemplary embodiment disclosed in the present application, including a second semiconductor switch and a second control unit;

[0047] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of a high-voltage battery pack of a vehicle charging device connected to a charging and discharging port architecture provided in an exemplary embodiment disclosed in the present application;

[0048] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of a specific structure of a high-voltage battery pack of a vehicle charging device connected to a charging and discharging heterogeneous architecture provided in an exemplary embodiment disclosed in the present application;

[0049] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of a charging process when the low-voltage battery is insufficient and the high-voltage battery pack is fully charged, provided in an exemplary embodiment disclosed in the present application;

[0050] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of a charging process when the low-voltage battery and the high-voltage battery pack are insufficiently charged, provided in an exemplary embodiment disclosed in the present application;

[0051] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the charging process when the low-voltage battery is fully charged and the high-voltage battery pack is insufficiently charged, provided in the exemplary embodiment disclosed in the present application.

[0052] Description of reference numerals:

[0053] S1-S3, relays; Q1-Q5, MOS tubes; R1, fuse. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0055] According to a first aspect of the present application, a charging device for a vehicle is provided, such as Figure 1 As shown, the charging device of the vehicle includes a first on-off control unit.

[0056] Among them, the vehicle charging device is applied to the vehicle's battery system, such as Figure 1 As shown, the battery system of the vehicle includes, in addition to the first on / off control unit, a high-voltage battery pack, a low-voltage charger, a low-voltage battery, a charging stand and a system controller.

[0057] Among them, the system controller is used to control the on and off of the charging and discharging circuit of the high-voltage battery pack. Under normal circumstances, the low-voltage battery can be charged through the high-voltage battery pack via a low-voltage charger, but the premise for realizing this solution is that the system controller can control the discharge circuit of the high-voltage battery pack to be turned on. However, the system controller needs to complete the startup only when the voltage that the low-voltage battery can output is not lower than the starting voltage of the system controller, so as to perform the corresponding circuit control. Therefore, when the voltage of the low-voltage battery is lower than the starting voltage of the system controller, the system controller cannot start, and thus cannot control the discharge circuit of the high-voltage battery pack to be turned on, and thus cannot charge the low-voltage battery through the high-voltage battery pack.

[0058] In response to the above problem, when the high-voltage battery pack is a charging and discharging port architecture, the first interface of the high-voltage battery pack is a charging and discharging port (that is, a charging port and a discharging port), so the output end of the charging seat can be electrically connected to the first interface of the high-voltage battery pack and the input end of the low-voltage charger respectively, so that the low-voltage charger can be directly powered by the charging gun connected to the charging seat, thereby realizing the charging of the low-voltage battery. Although the charging of the low-voltage battery is realized on the basis that the high-voltage battery pack cannot charge the low-voltage battery, because the first interface of the high-voltage battery pack is a charging and discharging port, when the high-voltage battery pack is discharged, the charging seat electrically connected to it is also charged accordingly. Therefore, in this embodiment, a corresponding first on-off control unit is provided to solve this problem.

[0059] exist Figure 1 In the embodiment, the first on-off control unit includes a first end for electrically connecting to a first interface of a high-voltage battery pack in a vehicle and an input end of a low-voltage charger corresponding to a low-voltage battery in the vehicle, respectively, and a second end for electrically connecting to an output end of a charging base of the vehicle.

[0060] Among them, the charging seat is not directly electrically connected to the first interface of the high-voltage battery pack, but is electrically connected through the first on-off control unit. The first on-off control unit can control the direction of the current from the output end of the charging seat to the first interface of the high-voltage battery pack and the input end of the low-voltage charger. In order to prevent the charging seat from being charged when the high-voltage battery pack is discharged through the first interface, its essence is to limit the flow of charging current, that is, the current can only flow from the output end of the charging seat to the first interface of the high-voltage battery pack and the input end of the low-voltage charger. Combined with the above analysis, in order to solve the problem of the charging seat being charged, the core is to use the first on-off control unit to control the current to flow only from the output end of the charging seat to the first interface of the high-voltage battery pack and the input end of the low-voltage charger.

[0061] Based on the function of the first on-off control unit obtained from the above analysis, as an example, the first on-off control unit can control the disconnection of the line between the first interface of the high-voltage battery pack and the output end of the charging seat when the high-voltage battery pack is discharged through the first interface, so that the charging seat will not be charged. In this example, the first on-off control unit is mainly used to realize the conduction and disconnection of the circuit, so the first on-off control unit can be various switches, such as mechanical switches, which can include manual switches such as key switches and dip switches or electronically controlled switches such as relays and contactors.

[0062] Based on the function of the first on-off control unit obtained from the above analysis, as an example, the first on-off control unit can be used to control the line between the first interface of the high-voltage battery pack and the output end of the charging seat to be disconnected when the high-voltage battery pack is discharged through the first interface, but the current cannot flow from the first interface of the high-voltage battery pack to the charging seat. In this example, the first on-off control unit is mainly used to achieve unidirectional conduction of the circuit, so the first on-off control unit can be a diode, the anode of the diode is electrically connected to the output end of the charging seat, and the cathode of the diode is electrically connected to the first interface of the high-voltage battery pack and the input end of the low-voltage charger, respectively, so as to achieve guided conduction from the output end of the charging seat to the first interface of the high-voltage battery pack and the input end of the low-voltage charger. Since the current and voltage output by the charging seat are usually large, when a diode is used as the first on-off control unit, it is necessary to select appropriate specifications.

[0063] In the charging device of the vehicle in the embodiment of the present application, a first on-off control unit is provided, which can control the current to flow only from the output end of the charging seat to the first interface of the high-voltage battery pack and the input end of the low-voltage charger. This can ensure that the current can be output to the low-voltage charger to charge the low-voltage battery during the charging stage, and can also prevent the current of the high-voltage battery pack from flowing back to the charging seat during the discharge stage, so that the charging seat is not charged during the discharge stage, reducing safety hazards.

[0064] like Figure 2As shown, in some embodiments, the first on-off control unit includes a first semiconductor switch and a first control unit.

[0065] exist Figure 2 In the embodiment, the first semiconductor switch includes a first access end for electrically connecting to the first interface of the high-voltage battery pack and the input end of the low-voltage charger respectively, a second access end for electrically connecting to the output end of the charging stand, and a driving end electrically connected to the output end of the first control unit.

[0066] Among them, the above embodiments have mentioned that a mechanical switch can be used to achieve that the current can only flow from the output end of the charging station to the first interface of the high-voltage battery pack and the input end of the low-voltage charger by turning on and off. However, the mechanical switch has a slow response speed. When a manual mechanical switch is used, it cannot achieve automatic control and the efficiency is very low. Therefore, in this embodiment, in order to solve the above problems, a first semiconductor switch and a corresponding first control unit are used to construct a first on-off control unit. Compared with a mechanical switch, the semiconductor switch has a fast response speed.

[0067] The first control unit is used for controlling the first semiconductor switch to be turned off only in the non-charging phase.

[0068] Among them, since it is necessary to control the current to flow only from the output end of the charging seat to the first interface of the high-voltage battery pack and the input end of the low-voltage charger, and this current flow scenario only occurs in the charging stage, that is, the charging seat is required to output current, the first control unit needs to control the first semiconductor switch to be turned on during the charging stage to meet the charging demand. When in the non-charging stage (including the discharge stage and the standby stage of the high-voltage battery pack), since there is no charging demand, the first semiconductor switch can be disconnected to avoid the charging seat being charged due to the discharge of the high-voltage battery pack. It should be added that when in the standby stage, the first semiconductor switch will not charge the charging seat even if it is turned on, so the first control unit can control the first semiconductor switch to be disconnected only during the discharge stage, that is, the non-charging stage only includes the discharge stage.

[0069] In some embodiments, the first semiconductor switch includes a first MOS transistor.

[0070] Among them, it should be noted that when using MOS tubes, appropriate specifications need to be selected to ensure that they can withstand the voltage and current of the circuit.

[0071] Among them, in other embodiments, triodes, IGBT tubes, thyristors, etc. can also be used.

[0072] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the charging device of the vehicle further includes a current limiting unit.

[0073] exist Figure 3In the embodiment, the current limiting unit is electrically connected between the second end of the first on-off control unit and the output end of the charging base.

[0074] The current limiting unit is used to protect the current output from the output end of the charging stand to the input end of the low-voltage charger from being too large.

[0075] In some embodiments, the current limiting unit includes a fuse.

[0076] When the current output from the output end of the charging station is too large, the fuse will be blown, thereby disconnecting the circuit and achieving a protective function.

[0077] like Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the second end of the first on / off control unit is also used to be electrically connected to the second interface of the high-voltage battery pack.

[0078] Among them, the above embodiments have mentioned that the architecture of the high-voltage battery pack can be a charging and discharging port architecture, so it only has one interface, namely the first interface mentioned above. In the charging and discharging port architecture, the first interface is both a charging port and a discharging port.

[0079] When the architecture of the high-voltage battery pack is a charging and discharging port, in addition to the first interface mentioned above, it also has a corresponding second interface. In the architecture of the charging and discharging port, the first interface is the discharge port, and the second interface is the charging port. For the architecture of the charging and discharging port, the charging seat in the traditional charging device is only electrically connected to the second interface as the charging port, and is not electrically connected to the first interface as the discharge port. Although the problem of the charging seat being charged is avoided, the premise is that it does not have the function of outputting charging current to the low-voltage charger through the charging seat. In this embodiment, the second end of the first on-off control unit is also used to electrically connect to the second interface of the high-voltage battery pack, so it can be applied to the architecture of the charging and discharging port. Compared with the traditional charging device, it can realize the function of outputting charging current to the low-voltage charger through the charging seat on the basis of the charging seat not being charged.

[0080] like Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the charging device of the vehicle further includes a second on-off control unit.

[0081] exist Figure 5 In the embodiment, the second on-off control unit includes a first end for electrically connecting to the second interface of the high-voltage battery pack, and a second end electrically connected to the second end of the first on-off control unit and for electrically connecting to the output end of the charging base.

[0082] The second on-off control unit is used to disconnect when the first end of the second on-off control unit is not electrically connected to the second interface of the high-voltage battery pack.

[0083] Among them, in the above embodiment, when the first end of the first on-off control unit is used to electrically connect to the second interface of the high-voltage battery pack, it can be applied to the architecture of different charging and discharging ports, but when it is actually applied to the architecture of the same charging and discharging port, it will cause the terminal originally used to electrically connect to the second interface of the high-voltage battery pack in the architecture of different charging and discharging ports to be charged. Therefore, in view of this situation, in this embodiment, a second on-off control unit is added, which is used to disconnect when the first end of the second on-off control unit is not electrically connected to the second interface of the high-voltage battery pack, so as to ensure that when the charging device is applied to the architecture of the same charging and discharging port, the terminal originally used to electrically connect to the second interface of the high-voltage battery pack in the architecture of different charging and discharging ports will not be charged.

[0084] Among them, the second on-off control unit is mainly used to control the on-off of the circuit, so it can be in the form of a switch, such as a mechanical switch, etc. The specific type and details of the mechanical switch can refer to the relevant description of the first on-off control unit in the above embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0085] like Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, the second on-off control unit includes a second semiconductor switch and a second control unit.

[0086] exist Figure 6 In the embodiment, the second semiconductor switch includes a first access end electrically connected to the second interface of the high-voltage battery pack, a second access end electrically connected to the second end of the first on-off control unit and for electrically connecting to the output end of the charging base, and a driving end electrically connected to the output end of the second control unit.

[0087] The second control unit is used to control the second semiconductor switch to be disconnected when the first access end of the second semiconductor switch is not electrically connected to the second interface of the high-voltage battery pack.

[0088] Among them, the specific reasons and precautions for using the second semiconductor switch and the second control unit to form the second on-off control unit can refer to the relevant description of using the first semiconductor switch and the first control unit to form the first on-off control unit in the above embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0089] In some embodiments, the second semiconductor switch includes a second MOS transistor.

[0090] The reasons and precautions for using the second MOS tube as the second semiconductor switch can refer to the relevant description of using the first MOS tube as the first semiconductor switch in the above embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0091] In some embodiments, the first control unit and the second control unit are system controllers, that is, the control of the first semiconductor switch and the second semiconductor switch are both performed by the system controller. Specifically, when the system controller includes a VCU (vehicle control unit) and a BMS (battery management system), the control of the first semiconductor switch and the second semiconductor switch are both performed by the VCU.

[0092] According to a second aspect of the present application, a vehicle charging method is provided, and the vehicle charging method is applied to the vehicle charging device in any of the above embodiments, referring to Figure 1 or Figure 4 The structure of the charging device of the vehicle is shown, and the charging method of the vehicle includes:

[0093] When the voltage of the low-voltage battery is lower than the starting voltage of the system controller and the input end of the charging base is connected to the charging gun, the first on-off control unit controls the current to flow from the output end of the charging base to the input end of the low-voltage charger, so that the low-voltage charger charges the low-voltage battery.

[0094] Among them, the system controller is used to control the on and off of the charging and discharging circuit of the high-voltage battery pack.

[0095] Among them, the low-voltage battery is used to power the system controller so that the system controller can work normally, and then complete the on-off control of the charging and discharging circuit of the high-voltage battery pack. Since the low-voltage battery can only power the system controller normally when the voltage of the low-voltage battery is not lower than the starting voltage of the system controller, when the voltage of the low-voltage battery is lower than the starting voltage of the system controller, the system controller cannot start, and the low-voltage battery needs to be recharged first.

[0096] Among them, since the first on-off control unit is used in the vehicle's charging device to realize the electrical connection between the output end of the charging seat and the input end of the low-voltage charger, when the low-voltage battery needs to be recharged, the first on-off control unit is used to control the current to flow from the output end of the charging seat to the input end of the low-voltage charger, so that the low-voltage charger can charge the low-voltage battery.

[0097] Among them, it should be noted that although the first interface of the high-voltage battery pack (whether it is used as a charging and discharging port or only as a discharging port, it objectively has the ability to discharge) is also electrically connected to the input end of the low-voltage charger, but because the system controller cannot be started, it is also impossible to control the discharge circuit of the high-voltage battery pack to enable the high-voltage battery pack to output charging current to the low-voltage charger.

[0098] In some embodiments, after the step of controlling the current to flow from the output end of the charging stand to the input end of the low-voltage charger by the first on-off control unit, referring to Figure 1 or Figure 4The structure of the charging device of the vehicle is shown, and the charging method of the vehicle also includes:

[0099] When the voltage of the low-voltage battery is not lower than the starting voltage of the system controller and the voltage of the high-voltage battery pack is not lower than the lower limit voltage of the high-voltage battery pack, the first on-off control unit controls the current to stop flowing from the output end of the charging seat to the input end of the low-voltage charger, so that the started system controller controls the high-voltage battery pack to continue charging the low-voltage battery through the low-voltage charger.

[0100] Among them, after the low-voltage battery is charged by the charging current output by the charging seat, the voltage of the low-voltage battery continues to increase until it is no lower than the starting voltage of the system controller. At this time, the system controller can start normally and can control the on and off of the charging and discharging circuit of the high-voltage battery pack.

[0101] Among them, if the voltage of the high-voltage battery pack is not lower than the lower limit voltage of the high-voltage battery pack at this time, it means that it has the ability to discharge externally. Therefore, the first on-off control unit can be used to control the current to stop flowing from the output end of the charging seat to the input end of the low-voltage charger, thereby suspending the charging current output by the charging seat to charge the low-voltage battery, thereby saving the stay time at the charging place. At the same time, after the system controller is started, the discharge circuit of the high-voltage battery pack can be controlled to be turned on, so that the high-voltage battery pack can charge the low-voltage battery.

[0102] When the voltage of the low-voltage battery is not lower than the starting voltage of the system controller but the voltage of the high-voltage battery pack is lower than the lower limit voltage of the high-voltage battery pack, the first on-off control unit controls the current to flow from the output end of the charging seat to the input end of the low-voltage charger, so that the low-voltage charger continues to charge the low-voltage battery.

[0103] Among them, if the voltage of the high-voltage battery pack is lower than the lower limit voltage of the high-voltage battery pack at this time, it means that it does not have the ability to discharge to the outside. Although the system controller can start normally at this time, it is still impossible to charge the low-voltage battery through the high-voltage battery pack. Therefore, in this case, it is still necessary to charge the low-voltage battery through the charging current output by the charging socket.

[0104] When charging the low-voltage battery, the corresponding upper limit voltage can be determined in advance according to the SOC performance curve of the low-voltage battery, and the charging of the low-voltage battery is stopped when the voltage of the low-voltage battery is not lower than the upper limit voltage of the low-voltage battery.

[0105] According to a third aspect of the present application, a vehicle charging method is provided. The vehicle charging method is applied to the vehicle charging device in some of the above embodiments. The first interface of the high-voltage battery pack is a charging and discharging interface. Figure 1 The structure of the charging device of the vehicle is shown, and the charging method of the vehicle includes:

[0106] When the voltage of the low-voltage battery is not lower than the starting voltage of the system controller, the voltage of the high-voltage battery pack is lower than the lower limit voltage of the high-voltage battery pack and the input end of the charging seat is connected to the charging gun, in response to the charging circuit of the high-voltage battery pack being turned on due to the startup of the system controller, the first on-off control unit controls the current to flow from the output end of the charging seat to the first interface of the high-voltage battery pack to charge the high-voltage battery pack.

[0107] Among them, when the voltage of the low-voltage battery is not lower than the starting voltage of the system controller, the system controller can start normally. When the voltage of the high-voltage battery pack is lower than the lower limit voltage of the high-voltage battery pack, it means that the high-voltage battery pack has no ability to discharge externally, causing the vehicle to lose power, so the high-voltage battery pack needs to be recharged.

[0108] Among them, the system controller can start normally, so it can control the charging circuit of the high-voltage battery pack to be turned on. At the same time, the first on-off control unit controls the current to flow from the output end of the charging base to the first interface of the high-voltage battery pack, so that the current passes through the charging circuit of the high-voltage battery pack to charge the high-voltage battery pack.

[0109] In some embodiments, before the step of controlling the current to flow from the output end of the charging base to the first interface of the high-voltage battery pack by the first on-off control unit, referring to Figure 1 The structure of the charging device of the vehicle is shown, and the charging method of the vehicle also includes:

[0110] When the voltage of the low-voltage battery is lower than the starting voltage of the system controller, the first on-off control unit controls the current to flow from the output end of the charging base to the input end of the low-voltage charger, so that the low-voltage charger charges the low-voltage battery.

[0111] Among them, the prerequisite for charging the high-voltage battery pack is that the system controller needs to start and control the charging circuit of the high-voltage battery pack to be turned on. When the voltage of the low-voltage battery is lower than the starting voltage of the system controller, the system controller cannot start. Therefore, the low-voltage battery needs to be charged before this. The specific process of charging the low-voltage battery can refer to the above embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0112] According to a fourth aspect of the present application, a vehicle charging method is provided. The vehicle charging method is applied to the vehicle charging device in some of the above embodiments. The first interface of the high-voltage battery pack is a charging and discharging interface. Figure 5 The structure of the charging device of the vehicle is shown, and the charging method of the vehicle includes:

[0113] The second on / off control unit is controlled to be turned off.

[0114] in, Figure 5Since the structure of the charging device of the vehicle shown can also be applied to the architecture of different charging and discharging ports, the output end of the charging seat is also used to electrically connect to the second interface of the high-voltage battery pack. However, when it is applied to the architecture of the same charging and discharging port, the corresponding terminal is in an idle state, and when the line between it and the output end of the charging seat is in conduction, it will cause it to be charged. Therefore, when a second on-off control unit is added, the second on-off control unit can be controlled to be disconnected, so that the first end and the second end of the second on-off control unit are disconnected, avoiding the terminal electrically connected to the first end of the second on-off control unit and the second interface of the high-voltage battery pack from being charged.

[0115] When the voltage of the low-voltage battery is not lower than the starting voltage of the system controller, the voltage of the high-voltage battery pack is lower than the lower limit voltage of the high-voltage battery pack and the input end of the charging seat is connected to the charging gun, in response to the charging circuit of the high-voltage battery pack being turned on due to the startup of the system controller, the first on-off control unit controls the current to flow from the output end of the charging seat to the first interface of the high-voltage battery pack to charge the high-voltage battery pack.

[0116] Among them, after controlling the second on-off control unit to disconnect, the charging device of the vehicle is dedicated to the architecture of charging and discharging at the same port, so the corresponding specific process and precautions can refer to the above embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0117] According to a fifth aspect of the present application, a vehicle charging method is provided. The vehicle charging method is applied to the vehicle charging device in some of the above embodiments. The first interface of the high-voltage battery pack is a discharge port, and the second interface of the high-voltage battery pack is a charging port. Figure 5 The structure of the charging device of the vehicle is shown, and the charging method of the vehicle includes:

[0118] The second on-off control unit is controlled to be turned on.

[0119] Among them, the second on-off control unit can solve the problem of the corresponding terminal being charged when the vehicle's charging device is suitable for the architecture of the same charging and discharging port. When the vehicle's charging device is suitable for the architecture of different charging and discharging ports, the output end of the charging seat itself needs to output the charging current to the second interface of the high-voltage battery pack, so there is no need to consider the problem of the terminal being charged. In order to ensure that the charging current can be output to the second interface of the high-voltage battery pack, it is necessary to control the second on-off control unit to conduct and realize the normal charging function.

[0120] When the voltage of the low-voltage battery is not lower than the starting voltage of the system controller, the voltage of the high-voltage battery pack is lower than the lower limit voltage of the high-voltage battery pack and the input end of the charging seat is connected to the charging gun, in response to the charging circuit of the high-voltage battery pack being turned on due to the startup of the system controller, the second on-off control unit controls the current to flow from the output end of the charging seat to the second interface of the high-voltage battery pack to charge the high-voltage battery pack.

[0121] Among them, when charging the high-voltage battery pack in the architecture with different charging and discharging ports, compared with the architecture with the same charging and discharging port, although the charging current is output from the output end of the charging seat, due to the different positions of the charging ports, the charging current corresponding to the architecture with different charging and discharging ports does not pass through the first on-off control unit, but passes through the second on-off control unit.

[0122] Among them, when charging the high-voltage battery pack, the corresponding upper limit voltage can be determined in advance according to the SOC performance curve of the high-voltage battery pack, and the charging of the high-voltage battery pack is stopped when the voltage of the high-voltage battery pack is not lower than the upper limit voltage of the high-voltage battery pack.

[0123] In order to make the above embodiments more detailed, the features in the above embodiments are now described in combination.

[0124] like Figure 7 or Figure 8 As shown, in some embodiments, the first on-off control unit includes a MOS tube Q1, the current limiting unit includes a fuse R1, the second on-off control unit includes a MOS tube Q2, a MOS tube Q3, a MOS tube Q4, and a MOS tube Q5, the system controller includes a VCU and a BMS, the MOS tube Q1, the MOS tube Q2, the MOS tube Q3, the MOS tube Q4, and the MOS tube Q5 are all controlled by the VCU, the VCU and the BMS communicate through a CAN bus, the charging device of the vehicle also includes a system interface 1 and a system interface 2, the system interface 1 is electrically connected to the MOS tube Q1 and the low-voltage charger respectively and is used to be electrically connected to the first interface of the high-voltage battery pack (including the charging and discharging port or the discharging port), and when applied to the charging and discharging port architecture, the system interface 2 is reserved and not connected.

[0125] like Fig. 9 As shown, this flowchart describes in detail the charging process when the voltage of the low-voltage battery is lower than VL1 and the voltage of the high-voltage battery pack is higher than VH1.

[0126] Among them, the low-voltage battery is insufficient, and the VCU and BMS cannot start. The high-voltage battery pack has sufficient power and can control the low-voltage battery to be recharged. When the charging gun is inserted, the current output by the charging gun enters the DCDC low-voltage charger through the MOS tube Q1, and the current output by the DCDC low-voltage charger recharges the low-voltage battery. Thus, the VCU and BMS start, and the VCU controls the BMS to open relays S1 and S2. The high-voltage battery pack can be switched to recharge the low-voltage battery.

[0127] like Fig.10 As shown, this flowchart describes in detail the high and low voltage charging flowchart when the voltage of the low voltage battery is lower than VL1 and the voltage of the high voltage battery pack is lower than VH1.

[0128] Among them, both high and low voltage power are insufficient, and the VCU and BMS cannot start.

[0129] High and low voltage charging process of the same port battery pack:

[0130] ① When the charging gun is inserted, the current output by the charging gun enters the DCDC low-voltage charger through the MOS tube Q1, and the current output by the DCDC low-voltage charger replenishes the low-voltage battery.

[0131] ②VCU and BMS start, VCU controls BMS to open relay S1 and relay S2, and the current output by the charging gun replenishes the high-voltage battery pack through the charging and discharging ports.

[0132] ③After VCU and BMS are started, low-voltage power replenishment and high-voltage power replenishment are carried out simultaneously.

[0133] ④ During the charging process, if the VCU detects that the voltage of the high-voltage battery pack is higher than VH2 and lasts for T1 seconds, the high-voltage charging is completed, and the VCU controls the BMS to close relays S1 and S2.

[0134] ⑤ During the charging process, if the voltage of the low-voltage battery is higher than VL2, the low-voltage charging is completed, and the DCDC low-voltage charger is turned off to cut off the charging circuit.

[0135] High and low voltage charging process of different port battery packs:

[0136] ① When the charging gun is inserted, the current output by the charging gun enters the DCDC low-voltage charger through the MOS tube Q1, and the current output by the DCDC low-voltage charger replenishes the low-voltage battery.

[0137] ②VCU and BMS start, VCU controls MOS tube Q2-MOS tube Q5 to open, and controls BMS to open relay S1 and relay S3. The current output by the charging gun replenishes the high-voltage battery pack through the charging port.

[0138] ③After VCU and BMS are started, low-voltage power replenishment and high-voltage power replenishment are carried out simultaneously.

[0139] ④ During the charging process, if the VCU detects that the voltage of the high-voltage battery pack is higher than VH2 and lasts for T1 seconds, the high-voltage charging is completed, and the VCU controls the MOS tube Q2-MOS tube Q5 to turn off, and controls the BMS to turn off relay S1 and relay S3.

[0140] ⑤ During the charging process, if the low-voltage battery voltage is higher than VL2, the low-voltage charging is completed, and the DCDC low-voltage charger is turned off to cut off the charging circuit.

[0141] like Fig.11As shown, this flowchart describes in detail the charging flowchart when the voltage of the low-voltage battery is higher than VL1 and the voltage of the high-voltage battery pack is lower than VH1.

[0142] The low-voltage battery has sufficient power, the high-voltage battery pack has insufficient power, and the VCU and BMS can start normally.

[0143] Same port battery pack charging process:

[0144] ①When the charging gun is inserted, the VCU and BMS start normally, and the VCU controls the BMS to open relays S1 and S2. The current output by the charging gun replenishes the high-voltage battery pack through the charging and discharging ports. It also enters the DCDC low-voltage charger through the MOS tube Q1, and the current output by the DCDC low-voltage charger replenishes the low-voltage battery.

[0145] ②The current output by the charging gun controls the charging of both the low-voltage battery and the high-voltage battery pack.

[0146] ③ During the charging process, if the VCU detects that the voltage of the high-voltage battery pack is higher than VH2 and lasts for T1 seconds, the high-voltage charging is completed, and the VCU controls the BMS to close relays S1 and S2.

[0147] ④ During the charging process, if the voltage of the low-voltage battery is higher than VL2, the low-voltage charging is completed, and the DCDC low-voltage charger is turned off to cut off the charging circuit.

[0148] The process of recharging the heterogeneous battery pack:

[0149] ①When the charging gun is inserted, the VCU and BMS start normally, the VCU controls the MOS tube Q2-MOS tube Q5 to turn on, and controls the BMS to turn on relay S1 and relay S3. The current output by the charging gun replenishes the high-voltage battery pack through the charging port. And enters the DCDC low-voltage charger through the MOS tube Q1, and the current output by the DCDC low-voltage charger replenishes the low-voltage battery.

[0150] ②The current output by the charging gun controls the charging of both the low-voltage battery and the high-voltage battery pack.

[0151] ③ During the charging process, if the VCU detects that the voltage of the high-voltage battery pack is higher than VH2 and lasts for T1 seconds, the high-voltage charging is completed, and the VCU controls the BMS to turn off MOS tubes Q2-MOS tubes Q5, and controls the BMS to turn off relays S1 and S3.

[0152] ④ During the charging process, if the voltage of the low-voltage battery is higher than VL2, the low-voltage charging is completed, and the DCDC low-voltage charger is turned off to cut off the charging circuit.

[0153] Among them, VL1 is the working voltage of the low-voltage battery, which is also the starting voltage of the VCU and BMS. VL2 is the full-charge voltage of the low-voltage battery, and VL1 < VL2. VH1 is the working voltage of the high-voltage battery pack, that is, the external discharge voltage. VH2 is the full-charge voltage of the high-voltage battery pack, and VH1 < VH2.

[0154] According to the sixth aspect of the present application, a vehicle is provided, including a high-voltage battery pack, a low-voltage battery, a low-voltage charger, and the charging device of the vehicle in any of the above embodiments.

[0155] In the description of the present application, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0156] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have their own emphases. For the parts not detailed in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0157] The embodiments, implementation manners, and related technical features of the present application can be combined and replaced with each other without conflict.

[0158] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application, and do not impose any form of limitation on the present application. In the embodiments of the present application, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have their own emphases. For the parts not detailed in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to the relevant content of other embodiments. However, any brief modification, equivalent change, and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present application without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present application still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present application.

Claims

1. A vehicle charging device, characterized in that: The charging device of the vehicle includes a first on-off control unit; The first on-off control unit includes a first end for electrically connecting to a first interface of a high-voltage battery pack in the vehicle and an input end of a low-voltage charger corresponding to a low-voltage battery in the vehicle, respectively, and a second end for electrically connecting to an output end of a charging base of the vehicle; The first on-off control unit is used to control the current to flow only from the output end of the charging base to the first interface of the high-voltage battery pack and the input end of the low-voltage charger; The second end of the first on-off control unit is also used to be electrically connected to the second interface of the high-voltage battery pack; The charging device of the vehicle further includes a second on-off control unit; The second on-off control unit includes a first end for electrically connecting to the second interface of the high-voltage battery pack, and a second end electrically connected to the second end of the first on-off control unit and for electrically connecting to the output end of the charging station; The second on-off control unit is used to disconnect when the first end of the second on-off control unit is not electrically connected to the second interface of the high-voltage battery pack.

2. The vehicle charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first on-off control unit includes a first semiconductor switch and a first control unit; The first semiconductor switch includes a first access end for electrically connecting to the first interface of the high-voltage battery pack and the input end of the low-voltage charger respectively, a second access end for electrically connecting to the output end of the charging stand, and a driving end electrically connected to the output end of the first control unit; The first control unit is used to control the first semiconductor switch to be disconnected only in a non-charging phase.

3. The vehicle charging device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first semiconductor switch includes a first MOS transistor.

4. The vehicle charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vehicle charging device further includes a current limiting unit; The current limiting unit is electrically connected between the second end of the first on-off control unit and the output end of the charging base.

5. The vehicle charging device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The current limiting unit includes a fuse.

6. The vehicle charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second on-off control unit includes a second semiconductor switch and a second control unit; The second semiconductor switch includes a first access end electrically connected to the second interface of the high-voltage battery pack, a second access end electrically connected to the second end of the first on-off control unit and electrically connected to the output end of the charging station, and a driving end electrically connected to the output end of the second control unit; The second control unit is used to control the second semiconductor switch to be disconnected when the first access end of the second semiconductor switch is not electrically connected to the second interface of the high-voltage battery pack.

7. The vehicle charging device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second semiconductor switch includes a second MOS transistor.

8. A method for charging a vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle charging method is applied to the vehicle charging device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and the vehicle charging method comprises: When the voltage of the low-voltage battery is lower than the starting voltage of the system controller and the input end of the charging base is connected to the charging gun, the first on-off control unit controls the current to flow from the output end of the charging base to the input end of the low-voltage charger, so that the low-voltage charger charges the low-voltage battery; The system controller is used to control the on and off of the charging and discharging circuit of the high-voltage battery pack.

9. The vehicle charging method according to claim 8, characterized in that: After the step of controlling the current to flow from the output end of the charging seat to the input end of the low-voltage charger by the first on-off control unit, the vehicle charging method further includes: When the voltage of the low-voltage battery is not lower than the starting voltage of the system controller and the voltage of the high-voltage battery pack is not lower than the lower limit voltage of the high-voltage battery pack, the first on-off control unit controls the current to stop flowing from the output end of the charging seat to the input end of the low-voltage charger, so that the system controller after startup controls the high-voltage battery pack to continue charging the low-voltage battery through the low-voltage charger; When the voltage of the low-voltage battery is not lower than the starting voltage of the system controller but the voltage of the high-voltage battery pack is lower than the lower limit voltage of the high-voltage battery pack, the first on-off control unit controls the current to flow from the output end of the charging seat to the input end of the low-voltage charger, so that the low-voltage charger continues to charge the low-voltage battery.

10. A method for charging a vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle charging method is applied to the vehicle charging device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the first interface of the high-voltage battery pack is a charging and discharging interface, and the vehicle charging method includes: When the voltage of the low-voltage battery is not lower than the starting voltage of the system controller, the voltage of the high-voltage battery pack is lower than the lower limit voltage of the high-voltage battery pack and the input end of the charging base is connected to the charging gun, in response to the charging circuit of the high-voltage battery pack being turned on due to the start-up of the system controller, the first on-off control unit controls the current to flow from the output end of the charging base to the first interface of the high-voltage battery pack to charge the high-voltage battery pack.

11. A method for charging a vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle charging method is applied to the vehicle charging device according to any one of claims 1, 6-7, the first interface of the high-voltage battery pack is a charging and discharging interface, and the vehicle charging method includes: Controlling the second on-off control unit to be turned off; When the voltage of the low-voltage battery is not lower than the starting voltage of the system controller, the voltage of the high-voltage battery pack is lower than the lower limit voltage of the high-voltage battery pack and the input end of the charging base is connected to the charging gun, in response to the charging circuit of the high-voltage battery pack being turned on due to the start-up of the system controller, the first on-off control unit controls the current to flow from the output end of the charging base to the first interface of the high-voltage battery pack to charge the high-voltage battery pack.

12. A method for charging a vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle charging method is applied to the vehicle charging device according to any one of claims 1, 6-7, the first interface of the high-voltage battery pack is a discharge port, the second interface of the high-voltage battery pack is a charging port, and the vehicle charging method includes: When the voltage of the low-voltage battery is not lower than the starting voltage of the system controller, the voltage of the high-voltage battery pack is lower than the lower limit voltage of the high-voltage battery pack and the input end of the charging base is connected to the charging gun, in response to the charging circuit of the high-voltage battery pack being turned on due to the start-up of the system controller, the second on-off control unit controls the current to flow from the output end of the charging base to the second interface of the high-voltage battery pack to charge the high-voltage battery pack.

13. A vehicle, characterized in that: A charging device for a vehicle comprising a high-voltage battery pack, a low-voltage battery, a low-voltage charger and any one of claims 1 to 7.

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