A self-cleaning solar photovoltaic panel and its preparation method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of solar power generation technology, and discloses a self-cleaning solar photovoltaic panel and a preparation method thereof, wherein a self-cleaning solar photovoltaic panel comprises: a photovoltaic panel body, the photovoltaic panel body comprises a glass plate, a battery cell and a back frame, the glass plate and the battery cell are fixedly installed in the back frame, and a self-cleaning coating is arranged on the top of the glass plate; a photovoltaic bracket, used for supporting and adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic panel body, the photovoltaic bracket is arranged at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel body; a self-cleaning mechanism, the self-cleaning mechanism comprises a water storage box, a spray barrel, a water spray mechanism and an air jet mechanism, the water storage box is slidably connected to the bottom of the back frame, the water spray mechanism comprises a compression box, two piston plates, a water outlet pipe and a liquid conduit, and one end of the two water outlet pipes are connected to the compression box. The present invention is reasonably designed, and the surface of the photovoltaic panel is automatically sprayed with water and air jets for cleaning through the self-cleaning mechanism, thereby improving the cleaning effect, and does not require a separate driving structure, thereby achieving the effect of energy-saving cleaning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of solar power generation, and in particular to a self-cleaning solar photovoltaic panel and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Solar energy is one of the most important renewable energy sources. How to efficiently convert solar energy into electrical energy has always been the focus of attention around the world. Photovoltaic power generation is one of the common solar power generation methods, with relatively high conversion efficiency, safety, and flexibility. Photovoltaic power generation is a technology that uses the photovoltaic effect of semiconductor interfaces (i.e., the phenomenon that semiconductors generate electromotive force when exposed to light) to directly convert light energy into electrical energy. The key component of this technology is solar cells. After being connected in series and packaged for protection, solar cells can form large-area solar cell modules, namely solar photovoltaic panels.

[0003] The light transmittance of the photovoltaic panel surface is an important factor affecting the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation, so the cleanliness of the photovoltaic panel surface needs to be maintained. However, over time, the surface of the photovoltaic panel exposed to the air will inevitably produce dirt, which will greatly reduce the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation. Therefore, the cleaning technology of the photovoltaic surface has received more and more attention. Common cleaning methods include high-pressure water jets and wiping methods, but this method requires manual operation, which increases the maintenance cost of photovoltaic panels, especially difficult to promote in some remote or complex areas. Photovoltaic panel self-cleaning can completely solve the shortcomings of human maintenance, but the current self-cleaning photovoltaic panels usually require a separate drive structure for control and drive, resulting in a waste of resources, and the conventional water spray flushing method has a poor cleaning effect; therefore, we propose a self-cleaning solar photovoltaic panel and its preparation method to solve this problem. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings that current self-cleaning photovoltaic panels usually require a separate driving structure for control and drive, resulting in waste of resources, and the conventional water spray flushing method has poor cleaning effect, and to propose a self-cleaning solar photovoltaic panel and its preparation method.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A self-cleaning solar photovoltaic panel, comprising:

[0007] A photovoltaic panel body, the photovoltaic panel body comprising a glass plate, a battery cell and a back frame, the glass plate and the battery cell are fixedly mounted in the back frame, and a self-cleaning coating is provided on the top of the glass plate;

[0008] A photovoltaic bracket, used for supporting and adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic panel body, wherein the photovoltaic bracket is arranged at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel body;

[0009] A self-cleaning mechanism, the self-cleaning mechanism includes a water storage box, a spray barrel, a water spray mechanism and an air jet mechanism, the water storage box is slidably connected to the bottom of the back frame, the water spray mechanism includes a compression box, two piston plates, a water outlet pipe and a liquid conduit, one end of the two water outlet pipes are connected to the compression box, the two piston plates are slidably and sealedly installed on the compression box, and the other ends of the two water outlet pipes are connected to the liquid conduit, the air jet mechanism includes a compressed gas storage tank and a wind pressurization mechanism, the top of the compressed gas storage tank is connected to a gas conduit, both sides of the spray barrel are connected to connecting pipes, and the gas conduit and the liquid conduit are respectively rotatably and sealedly sleeved on the outside of the corresponding connecting pipes.

[0010] Preferably, the photovoltaic bracket includes a base frame, a support plate and an electric push rod, the support plate is fixedly mounted on the top of the base frame, and the electric push rod is hinged to the top of the base frame, and the electric push rod and the output end and the top of the support plate are respectively hinged to the front and rear sides of the back frame.

[0011] Preferably, a plurality of air outlets are provided at the bottom of the spray cylinder, a plurality of liquid outlets are provided at the top of the spray cylinder, and a partition is fixedly installed inside the spray cylinder, the partition divides the inner wall of the spray cylinder into a liquid area and a gas area, thereby realizing separate spraying of liquid and gas, and sealing rings are fixedly installed inside the gas conduit and the liquid conduit, and the two sealing rings are respectively movably sealed and abutted against one end of the corresponding connecting pipe, and the bottom end of the liquid conduit is closed.

[0012] Preferably, fixing plates are fixedly installed on both sides of the top of the water storage box, and the two fixing plates are slidably sleeved on the outer sides of the corresponding connecting pipes, and a first gear is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of one of the connecting pipes, and a fixed shaft is rotatably connected to one side of one of the fixing plates, and a second gear and a third gear are fixedly installed on the outer side of the fixed shaft, the first gear is meshed with the second gear, and a fixed rack is meshed at the bottom of the third gear, and the front and rear ends of the fixed rack are fixedly connected with mounting rods, and the other end of the mounting rod is fixedly connected to the outer side of the back frame, and the number of teeth of the second gear is much larger than the number of teeth of the first gear and the third gear.

[0013] Preferably, the water spraying mechanism also includes a transmission gear, a transmission rack and a rotating arm, the transmission rack is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the back frame, and the transmission gear is meshed with the transmission rack, the transmission gear and the rotating arm are fixedly connected with the same rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the top of the water storage box, a sealing plate is fixedly mounted inside the compression box, the two piston plates are respectively movably sealed against the top and bottom of the sealing plate, and the front and rear sides of the compression box are connected to a water inlet pipe, a first one-way valve is provided on the water inlet pipe, and a second one-way valve is provided on the water outlet pipe, one side of the piston plate is fixedly connected to an elastic plate, the sides of the two elastic plates close to each other are rotatably connected to connecting rods, and the two connecting rods are rotatably sleeved on the outside of the rotating arm.

[0014] Preferably, the wind pressure boosting mechanism includes an adjusting plate, a worm and two screws, the bottom end of the screw is rotatably connected to the bottom inner wall of the compressed gas storage tank, and the adjusting plate is slidingly and sealingly installed inside the compressed gas storage tank, and the bottom of the adjusting plate is fixedly connected to a connecting frame, the connecting frame is threadedly sleeved on the outside of the two screws, and a worm wheel is fixedly installed on the screw, the worm is meshed with the two worm wheels, and one end of the worm passes through the outside of the compressed gas storage tank and is fixedly connected to a fan blade, and a one-way locking mechanism is provided on the outside of the worm.

[0015] Preferably, the one-way locking mechanism includes a locking disk, a locking pin and a baffle, the baffle is fixedly mounted on the outside of the compressed gas storage tank, and the bottom of the baffle is fixedly connected to a slide rail, a plurality of positioning grooves are provided on the outside of the locking disk, the locking pin is movably engaged in the positioning grooves, the top of the locking pin is fixedly connected to a slide frame, the slide frame is slidably sleeved on the outside of the slide rail, the top of the slide frame is fixedly connected to a compression spring, and the top of the compression spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the baffle.

[0016] Preferably, T-shaped guide rails are fixedly installed on both sides of the back frame, and the two fixed plates are respectively slidably mounted on the outer sides of the corresponding T-shaped guide rails. A guide seat is fixedly installed on the bottom of the back frame, and a sliding seat is fixedly installed on the top of the water storage box. The sliding seat is slidably connected in the guide seat, and limiting plates are fixedly installed on the front and rear sides of the bottom of the back frame.

[0017] Preferably, a water injection pipe is connected to the top of one side of the water storage box, and a water valve is provided on the water injection pipe. The top of the compressed gas storage tank is connected to an inflation pipe, and an air valve is provided on the inflation pipe. An arc-shaped sealing ring is fixedly connected between the two fixed plates, and the arc-shaped sealing ring movably seals against the outside of the spray barrel.

[0018] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a self-cleaning solar photovoltaic panel, comprising the following steps:

[0019] S1. Surface treatment: Clean the surface of the glass plate;

[0020] S2, coating: coating a self-cleaning coating on the surface of the glass plate;

[0021] S3: Assembly: Install the battery cell in the back frame and install the glass plate on the back frame.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a self-cleaning solar photovoltaic panel and a preparation method thereof, which have the following beneficial effects:

[0023] (1) A sufficient amount of cleaning liquid is injected into the water storage box through the water injection pipe, and compressed air is filled into the compressed gas storage tank through the air filling pipe. By starting the electric push rod, the front side height of the photovoltaic panel body can be adjusted to adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel body to adapt to different incident angles of the sun and improve the power generation efficiency;

[0024] (2) During the tilting process of the photovoltaic panel, the self-cleaning mechanism slides along the photovoltaic panel body to the lower side under the action of its own gravity, and drives the transmission gear and the third gear to move along the back frame. The transmission rack drives the rotating shaft to rotate by meshing with the transmission gear, and the rotating shaft drives the rotating frame to rotate. The rotating frame drives the two elastic plates to move back and forth alternately through two connecting rods, thereby driving the two piston plates to move back and forth alternately, and the movement directions of the two piston plates are always opposite. When the piston plate moves to the left, the space on its right side becomes larger, thereby generating suction at the water inlet pipe, and extracting water from the water storage box. When the piston plate moves to the right, water can be introduced into the spray barrel through the water outlet pipe, the liquid conduit and the connecting pipe on the right side, and then sprayed out from the water outlet at the bottom of the spray barrel, thereby washing the glass plate on the surface of the photovoltaic panel body;

[0025] (3) The fixed rack drives the fixed shaft to rotate by meshing with the third gear, and the fixed shaft drives the connecting pipe and the spray barrel to accelerate the rotation by meshing with the second gear and the first gear. During the rotation of the spray barrel, the air outlet is disengaged from the arc-shaped sealing ring and the gas in the compressed gas storage tank is sprayed out from the air outlet, thereby jet cleaning the glass surface. Under the rapid rotation of the spray barrel, the surface of the photovoltaic panel body can be alternately jetted and sprayed with water to ensure the cleaning effect. The movement limit of the water storage box can be limited by two limit plates, and when the water storage box moves to the limit position, the air outlet faces upward, so that the arc-shaped sealing ring seals the air outlet, thereby preventing the compressed air in the compressed gas storage tank from leaking;

[0026] (4) The fan blades can rotate under the influence of external natural wind and drive the worm to rotate. The worm drives the screw to rotate by meshing with the worm wheel. The screw drives the adjustment plate to move upward by thread transmission with the connecting frame, thereby increasing the gas pressure in the compressed gas storage tank and improving the jet cleaning effect. At the same time, the positioning pin can limit the reverse rotation of the worm, thereby limiting the downward movement of the adjustment plate;

[0027] (5) The photovoltaic panel can be adjusted in angle by means of the photovoltaic bracket, and when the angle reaches a point where the water storage box can be moved, the self-cleaning mechanism can be driven to automatically spray water and air to clean the surface of the photovoltaic panel, thereby improving the cleaning effect and achieving energy-saving cleaning effect without the need for a separate driving structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of a self-cleaning solar photovoltaic panel proposed by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure of a self-cleaning solar photovoltaic panel proposed by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of part A;

[0031] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of part B;

[0032] Figure 5 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of part C in the middle;

[0033] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional structure of a self-cleaning solar photovoltaic panel proposed by the present invention from another perspective;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overall side cross-sectional structure of a self-cleaning solar photovoltaic panel proposed by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded three-dimensional structure of the photovoltaic panel body proposed by the present invention;

[0036] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the photovoltaic bracket proposed by the present invention;

[0037] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the self-cleaning mechanism proposed by the present invention;

[0038] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the spray barrel, partition plate and arc-shaped sealing ring proposed in the present invention;

[0039] Fig.12 It is a partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the water spraying mechanism proposed by the present invention;

[0040] Fig.13 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the water spraying mechanism proposed by the present invention;

[0041] Fig.14 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the jet mechanism proposed by the present invention;

[0042] Fig.15 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the jet mechanism proposed by the present invention;

[0043] Fig.16 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the wind pressure mechanism proposed by the present invention;

[0044] Fig.17 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the one-way locking mechanism proposed by the present invention;

[0045] In the figure: 1. Photovoltaic panel body; 101. Glass plate; 102. Cell; 103. Back frame; 1031. T-shaped guide rail; 1032. Guide seat; 2. Photovoltaic bracket; 201. Base frame; 202. Electric push rod; 203. Support plate; 3. Water storage box; 301. Water injection pipe; 302. Fixed plate; 303. Sliding seat; 4. Spraying cylinder; 401. Air outlet; 402. Liquid outlet; 403. Partition; 404. Connecting pipe; 405. Arc sealing ring; 5. Compression box; 501. Piston plate; 502. Water inlet pipe; 5021. First one-way valve; 503. Water outlet pipe; 5031. Second one-way valve Directional valve; 504, liquid conduit; 505, elastic plate; 6, compressed gas storage tank; 601, gas conduit; 602, inflation tube; 7, fan blade; 8, locking plate; 801, positioning groove; 9, worm; 10, worm wheel; 11, lead screw; 12, connecting frame; 13, adjustment plate; 14, locking pin; 15, slide frame; 16, slide rail; 17, compression spring; 18, baffle; 19, rotating arm; 20, rotating shaft; 21, transmission gear; 22, transmission rack; 23, connecting rod; 24, fixed rack; 2401, mounting rod; 25, fixed shaft; 26, first gear; 27, second gear; 28, third gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0047] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0048] Reference Figure 1-17 , a self-cleaning solar photovoltaic panel, comprising:

[0049] The photovoltaic panel body 1 includes a glass plate 101, a battery cell 102 and a back frame 103. The glass plate 101 and the battery cell 102 are fixedly installed in the back frame 103, and a self-cleaning coating is provided on the top of the glass plate 101 to reduce the adhesion of dust and dirt;

[0050] The photovoltaic bracket 2 is used for supporting and adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic panel body 1. The photovoltaic bracket 2 is arranged at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel body 1;

[0051] The self-cleaning mechanism comprises a water storage box 3, a spray barrel 4, a water spray mechanism and an air jet mechanism. The water storage box 3 is slidably connected to the bottom of the back frame 103. The water spray mechanism comprises a compression box 5, two piston plates 501, a water outlet pipe 503 and a liquid conduit 504. One end of the two water outlet pipes 503 are both connected to the compression box 5. The two piston plates 501 are both slidably and sealedly installed on the compression box 5, and the other ends of the two water outlet pipes 503 are both connected to the liquid conduit 504. The air jet mechanism comprises a compressed gas storage tank 6 and a wind pressurization mechanism. The top of the compressed gas storage tank 6 is connected to a gas conduit 601. Both sides of the spray barrel 4 are connected to a connecting pipe 404. The gas conduit 601 and the liquid conduit 504 are respectively rotatably and sealedly sleeved on the outer sides of the corresponding connecting pipes 404.

[0052] In this embodiment, the photovoltaic bracket 2 includes a base frame 201, a support plate 203 and an electric push rod 202. The support plate 203 is fixedly installed on the top of the base frame 201, and the electric push rod 202 is hinged to the top of the base frame 201. The electric push rod 202 and the output end and the top of the support plate 203 are respectively hinged to the front and rear sides of the back frame 103.

[0053] In this embodiment, a plurality of air outlets 401 are provided at the bottom of the spray cylinder 4, a plurality of liquid outlets 402 are provided at the top of the spray cylinder 4, and a partition 403 is fixedly installed inside the spray cylinder 4, and the partition 403 separates the inner wall of the spray cylinder 4 into a liquid area and a gas area, thereby realizing separate spraying of liquid and gas, and sealing rings are fixedly installed inside the gas conduit 601 and the liquid conduit 504, and the two sealing rings are movably sealed and abutted against one end of the corresponding connecting pipe 404, and the bottom end of the liquid conduit 504 is closed.

[0054] In this embodiment, fixing plates 302 are fixedly installed on both sides of the top of the water storage box 3, and the two fixing plates 302 are slidably sleeved on the outer sides of the corresponding connecting pipes 404, and a first gear 26 is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of one of the connecting pipes 404, and a fixing shaft 25 is rotatably connected to one side of one of the fixing plates 302, and a second gear 27 and a third gear 28 are fixedly installed on the outer side of the fixing shaft 25, the first gear 26 is meshed with the second gear 27, and a fixed rack 24 is meshed at the bottom of the third gear 28, and the front and rear ends of the fixed rack 24 are fixedly connected with a mounting rod 2401, and the other end of the mounting rod 2401 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the back frame 103, and the number of teeth of the second gear 27 is much larger than the number of teeth of the first gear 26 and the third gear 28, so that the rotation speed of the connecting pipe 404 is much larger than the rotation speed of the fixing shaft 25, so that the water storage box 3 can move a short distance so that the spray barrel 4 can rotate multiple times, thereby achieving comprehensive cleaning of the photovoltaic panel body 1.

[0055] In this embodiment, the water spraying mechanism also includes a transmission gear 21, a transmission rack 22 and a rotating arm 19. The transmission rack 22 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the back frame 103, and the transmission gear 21 is meshed with the transmission rack 22. The transmission gear 21 and the rotating arm 19 are fixedly connected with the same rotating shaft 20, and the rotating shaft 20 is rotatably connected to the top of the water storage box 3. A sealing plate is fixedly installed inside the compression box 5. Two piston plates 501 are respectively movably sealed against the top and bottom of the sealing plate, and the front and rear sides of the compression box 5 are connected with a water inlet pipe 502. A first one-way valve 5021 is provided on the water inlet pipe 502, and a second one-way valve 5031 is provided on the water outlet pipe 503. An elastic plate 505 is fixedly connected to one side of the piston plate 501, and the two elastic plates 505 are rotatably connected to the sides close to each other with connecting rods 23. The two connecting rods 23 are rotatably sleeved on the outer side of the rotating arm 19.

[0056] In this embodiment, the wind pressure boosting mechanism includes an adjusting plate 13, a worm 9 and two screws 11. The bottom end of the screw 11 is rotatably connected to the bottom inner wall of the compressed gas storage tank 6, and the adjusting plate 13 is slidingly and sealingly installed inside the compressed gas storage tank 6, and the bottom of the adjusting plate 13 is fixedly connected to a connecting frame 12, the connecting frame 12 is threadedly sleeved on the outside of the two screws 11, and a worm wheel 10 is fixedly installed on the screw 11, the worm 9 is meshed with the two worm wheels 10, and one end of the worm 9 passes through the outside of the compressed gas storage tank 6 and is fixedly connected to the fan blade 7, and a one-way locking mechanism is provided on the outside of the worm 9.

[0057] In this embodiment, the one-way locking mechanism includes a locking disk 8, a locking pin 14 and a baffle 18. The baffle 18 is fixedly installed on the outside of the compressed gas storage tank 6, and the bottom of the baffle 18 is fixedly connected to the slide rail 16. A plurality of positioning grooves 801 are provided on the outside of the locking disk 8. The locking pin 14 is movably engaged in the positioning groove 801. The top of the locking pin 14 is fixedly connected to a slide frame 15. The slide frame 15 is slidably sleeved on the outside of the slide rail 16 to guide the slide frame 15. The top of the slide frame 15 is fixedly connected to a compression spring 17. The top of the compression spring 17 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the baffle 18 to reset the slide frame 15. The cooperation between the locking pin 14 and the locking disk 8 can limit the reverse rotation of the worm 9, and will not affect the forward rotation of the worm 9 driven by the wind-blown fan blades 7.

[0058] In this embodiment, T-shaped guide rails 1031 are fixedly installed on both sides of the back frame 103, and two fixed plates 302 are slidably sleeved on the outer sides of the corresponding T-shaped guide rails 1031. A guide seat 1032 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the back frame 103, and a sliding seat 303 is fixedly installed on the top of the water storage box 3. The sliding seat 303 is slidably connected in the guide seat 1032, and limiting plates are fixedly installed on the front and rear sides of the bottom of the back frame 103.

[0059] In this embodiment, a water injection pipe 301 is connected to the top of one side of the water storage box 3, and a water valve is provided on the water injection pipe 301. A gas charging pipe 602 is connected to the top of the compressed gas storage tank 6, and an air valve is provided on the gas charging pipe 602. An arc-shaped sealing ring 405 is fixedly connected between the two fixed plates 302. The arc-shaped sealing ring 405 is movably sealed against the outer side of the spray barrel 4, and the arc-shaped sealing ring 405 is an annular structure with a notch at the bottom, so that gas or liquid can be sprayed out only when the gas outlet 401 or the liquid outlet 402 is aligned with the notch. In other states, it can be sealed by the arc-shaped sealing ring 405.

[0060] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a self-cleaning solar photovoltaic panel, comprising the following steps:

[0061] S1, surface treatment: cleaning the surface of the glass plate 101;

[0062] S2, coating: coating a self-cleaning coating on the surface of the glass plate 101;

[0063] S3: Assembly: Install the battery cell 102 in the back frame 103 , and install the glass plate 101 on the back frame 103 .

[0064] In this embodiment, when in use, a sufficient amount of cleaning liquid is injected into the water storage box 3 through the water injection pipe 301, and compressed air is charged into the compressed gas storage tank 6 through the air charging pipe 602. By starting the electric push rod 202, the front side height of the photovoltaic panel body 1 can be adjusted to adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel body 1 to adapt to different incident angles of the sun and improve the power generation efficiency;

[0065] And in the process of photovoltaic panel tilting, the self-cleaning mechanism slides to the lower side along the photovoltaic panel body 1 under the action of its own gravity, and drives the transmission gear 21 and the third gear 28 to move along the back frame 103, and the transmission rack 22 drives the rotating shaft 20 to rotate by meshing with the transmission gear 21, and the rotating shaft 20 drives the rotating frame to rotate, and the rotating frame drives the two elastic plates 505 to move back and forth alternately through the two connecting rods, thereby driving the two piston plates 501 to move back and forth alternately, and the moving directions of the two piston plates 501 are always opposite. When the piston plate 501 moves to the left, the space on its right side becomes larger, thereby generating suction at the water inlet pipe 502, and the water in the water storage box 3 is extracted. When the piston plate 501 moves to the right, the water can be introduced into the spray barrel 4 through the water outlet pipe 503, the liquid conduit 504 and the connecting pipe 404 on the right side, so as to be sprayed from the water outlet at the bottom of the spray barrel 4, thereby washing the glass plate 101 on the surface of the photovoltaic panel body 1;

[0066] At the same time, the fixed rack 24 drives the fixed shaft 25 to rotate by meshing with the third gear 28, and the fixed shaft 25 drives the connecting pipe 404 and the spray barrel 4 to accelerate the rotation by meshing with the second gear 27 and the first gear 26. During the rotation of the spray barrel 4, the air outlet 401 is disengaged from the arc-shaped sealing ring 405, and the gas in the compressed gas storage tank 6 is ejected from the air outlet 401, thereby jet cleaning the glass surface. Therefore, under the rapid rotation of the spray barrel 4, the surface of the photovoltaic panel body 1 can be alternately jetted and sprayed with water to ensure the cleaning effect, and the movement limit of the water storage box 3 can be limited by two limit plates. When the water storage box 3 moves to the limit position, the air outlet 401 faces upward, so that the arc-shaped sealing ring 405 seals the air outlet 401, thereby preventing the compressed air in the compressed gas storage tank 6 from leaking;

[0067] The fan blades 7 are arranged to rotate under the influence of external natural wind and drive the worm 9 to rotate. The worm 9 drives the screw 11 to rotate by meshing with the worm wheel 10. The screw 11 drives the adjustment plate 13 to move upward through the threaded transmission with the connecting frame 12, thereby increasing the gas pressure in the compressed gas storage tank 6 and improving the jet cleaning effect. At the same time, the positioning pins arranged can limit the reverse rotation of the worm 9, thereby limiting the downward movement of the adjustment plate 13.

[0068] The standard parts used in the present invention can all be purchased from the market, and special-shaped parts can be customized according to the instructions and the drawings. The specific connection methods of each part adopt conventional means such as mature bolts, rivets, welding, etc. in the prior art. Machinery, parts and equipment all adopt conventional models in the prior art, and the circuit connection adopts the conventional connection method in the prior art, which will not be described in detail here.

Claims

1. A self-cleaning solar photovoltaic panel, characterized in that: include: A photovoltaic panel body (1), the photovoltaic panel body (1) comprising a glass plate (101), a battery cell (102) and a back frame (103), the glass plate (101) and the battery cell (102) being fixedly mounted in the back frame (103), and a self-cleaning coating being arranged on the top of the glass plate (101); A photovoltaic bracket (2) for supporting and adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic panel body (1), wherein the photovoltaic bracket (2) is arranged at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel body (1); The self-cleaning mechanism comprises a water storage box (3), a spray barrel (4), a water spraying mechanism and an air jet mechanism. The water storage box (3) is slidably connected to the bottom of the back frame (103). The water spraying mechanism comprises a compression box (5), two piston plates (501), a water outlet pipe (503) and a liquid conduit (504). One end of the two water outlet pipes (503) is connected to the compression box (5). The two piston plates (501) are slidably and sealably mounted on the compression box (5). The other end of the water pipe (503) is connected to the liquid conduit (504), the jet mechanism comprises a compressed gas storage tank (6) and a wind pressure mechanism, the top of the compressed gas storage tank (6) is connected to a gas conduit (601), both sides of the spray barrel (4) are connected to a connecting pipe (404), the gas conduit (601) and the liquid conduit (504) are respectively rotatably sealed and sleeved on the outer side of the corresponding connecting pipe (404), and the water spray mechanism also comprises a transmission gear (21), a transmission rack (22) and a rotating arm (19), the transmission rack (22) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the back frame (103), and the transmission gear (21) is meshed with the transmission rack (22), a rotating shaft (20) is fixedly connected between the transmission gear (21) and the rotating arm (19), the rotating shaft (20) is rotatably connected to the top of the water storage box (3), a sealing plate is fixedly mounted inside the compression box (5), and the two piston plates (501) are respectively movably sealed against the sealing plate The top and bottom of the compression box (5) are connected to a water inlet pipe (502) at both the front and rear sides, the water inlet pipe (502) is provided with a first one-way valve (5021), and the water outlet pipe (503) is provided with a second one-way valve (5031), one side of the piston plate (501) is fixedly connected to an elastic plate (505), and the sides of the two elastic plates (505) close to each other are rotatably connected to connecting rods (23), and the two connecting rods (23) are rotatably sleeved on the outer side of the rotating arm (19).

2. A self-cleaning solar photovoltaic panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic support (2) comprises a base frame (201), a support plate (203) and an electric push rod (202); the support plate (203) is fixedly mounted on the top of the base frame (201), and the electric push rod (202) is hinged to the top of the base frame (201); the electric push rod (202) and the output end and the top of the support plate (203) are respectively hinged to the front and rear sides of the back frame (103).

3. A self-cleaning solar photovoltaic panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the spray barrel (4) is provided with a plurality of air outlets (401), the top of the spray barrel (4) is provided with a plurality of liquid outlets (402), and a partition (403) is fixedly installed inside the spray barrel (4), the partition (403) divides the inner wall of the spray barrel (4) into a liquid area and a gas area, so as to realize separate spraying of liquid and gas, and sealing rings are fixedly installed inside the gas conduit (601) and the liquid conduit (504), and the two sealing rings are respectively movably sealed against one end of the corresponding connecting pipe (404), and the bottom end of the liquid conduit (504) is closed.

4. A self-cleaning solar photovoltaic panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: Fixed plates (302) are fixedly installed on both sides of the top of the water storage box (3), and the two fixed plates (302) are respectively slidably sleeved on the outer sides of the corresponding connecting pipes (404), and a first gear (26) is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of one of the connecting pipes (404), and a fixed shaft (25) is rotatably connected to one side of one of the fixed plates (302), and a second gear (27) and a third gear (28) are fixedly installed on the outer side of the fixed shaft (25), and the first gear (26) is meshed with the second gear (27), and the bottom of the third gear (28) is meshed with a fixed rack (24), and the front and rear ends of the fixed rack (24) are fixedly connected to a mounting rod (2401), and the other end of the mounting rod (2401) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the back frame (103), and the number of teeth of the second gear (27) is much greater than the number of teeth of the first gear (26) and the third gear (28).

5. A self-cleaning solar photovoltaic panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wind pressure boosting mechanism comprises an adjusting plate (13), a worm (9) and two screws (11), the bottom end of the screw (11) is rotatably connected to the bottom inner wall of the compressed gas storage tank (6), and the adjusting plate (13) is slidingly and sealingly installed inside the compressed gas storage tank (6), and the bottom of the adjusting plate (13) is fixedly connected to a connecting frame (12), the connecting frame (12) is threadedly sleeved on the outer sides of the two screws (11), and a worm wheel (10) is fixedly installed on the screw (11), the worm (9) is meshed with the two worm wheels (10), and one end of the worm (9) passes through the outer side of the compressed gas storage tank (6) and is fixedly connected to a fan blade (7), and a one-way locking mechanism is provided on the outer side of the worm (9).

6. A self-cleaning solar photovoltaic panel according to claim 5, characterized in that: The one-way locking mechanism comprises a locking disk (8), a locking pin (14) and a baffle (18); the baffle (18) is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the compressed gas storage tank (6), and the bottom of the baffle (18) is fixedly connected to a slide rail (16); a plurality of positioning grooves (801) are provided on the outer side of the locking disk (8); the locking pin (14) is movably engaged in the positioning grooves (801); the top of the locking pin (14) is fixedly connected to a slide frame (15); the slide frame (15) is slidably sleeved on the outer side of the slide rail (16); the top of the slide frame (15) is fixedly connected to a compression spring (17); the top of the compression spring (17) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the baffle (18).

7. A self-cleaning solar photovoltaic panel according to claim 4, characterized in that: T-shaped guide rails (1031) are fixedly installed on both sides of the back frame (103), and the two fixed plates (302) are respectively slidably sleeved on the outer sides of the corresponding T-shaped guide rails (1031). A guide seat (1032) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the back frame (103), and a sliding seat (303) is fixedly installed on the top of the water storage box (3). The sliding seat (303) is slidably connected in the guide seat (1032), and limit plates are fixedly installed on both the front and rear sides of the bottom of the back frame (103).

8. A self-cleaning solar photovoltaic panel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top of one side of the water storage box (3) is connected to a water injection pipe (301), and a water valve is provided on the water injection pipe (301). The top of the compressed gas storage tank (6) is connected to an air charging pipe (602), and an air valve is provided on the air charging pipe (602). An arc-shaped sealing ring (405) is fixedly connected between the two fixed plates (302), and the arc-shaped sealing ring (405) is movably sealed against the outer side of the spray barrel (4).

9. A method for preparing a self-cleaning solar photovoltaic panel, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, surface treatment: cleaning the surface of the glass plate (101); S2, coating: coating a self-cleaning coating on the surface of the glass plate (101); S3: Assembly: Install the battery cell (102) in the back frame (103), and install the glass plate (101) on the back frame (103).

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