A three-dimensional planting and transplanting device for forest seedlings

Abstract

A three-dimensional planting and transplanting device for forest seedlings comprises a machine body, a seedling transplanting device is connected to the machine body, a group of longitudinal pitch changing devices and a group of lateral pitch changing devices are connected to the seedling transplanting device, the group of longitudinal pitch changing devices and the group of lateral pitch changing devices are respectively connected by screws, the pitches of the two screws are proportional, the two screws are connected by mutually meshing gears, the group of longitudinal pitch changing devices and the group of lateral pitch changing devices realize longitudinal and lateral proportional pitch changes under the control of the screws, the group of longitudinal pitch changing devices are respectively connected to seedling picking devices, the group of seedling picking devices is connected to a rotating device, and the rotating device is connected to the machine body. The device transplants seedlings in a seedling tray into a planting pot at one time, which is conducive to the automation of three-dimensional planting and has high transplanting efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of forest seedling cultivation, and in particular to a three-dimensional planting and transplanting device for forest seedling cultivation. Background Art

[0002] As an innovative forestry planting method, three-dimensional forestry seedling planting has many significant benefits. In the future development of forestry, three-dimensional forestry seedling planting will become an important planting method. During the three-dimensional forestry seedling installation process, seedlings are generally raised in seedling trays and then transplanted. The existing transplanting method generally adopts manual transplanting, which has low transplanting efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a three-dimensional planting and transplanting device for forest seedlings, which can transplant seedlings in a seedling tray into a planting pot at one time, is conducive to the automation of three-dimensional planting, and has high transplanting efficiency.

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A three-dimensional planting and transplanting device for raising forest seedlings comprises a machine body, a seedling transplanting device is connected to the machine body, a group of longitudinal pitch changing devices and a group of lateral pitch changing devices are connected to the seedling transplanting device, the group of longitudinal pitch changing devices and the group of lateral pitch changing devices are respectively connected by screws, the pitches of the two screws are proportional, the two screws are connected by mutually meshing gears, the group of longitudinal pitch changing devices and the group of lateral pitch changing devices realize proportional longitudinal and lateral pitch changes under the control of the screws, the group of longitudinal pitch changing devices are respectively connected to seedling picking devices, the group of seedling picking devices are connected to a rotating device, and the rotating device is connected to the machine body. The machine body includes a frame, a vertical plate is provided on the rear side of the frame, a vertical plate hole is provided in the middle of the vertical plate, a rectangular driving groove with a lower opening is provided on the outer side of the vertical plate hole, vertical plate slide grooves are respectively provided on the upper and lower sides of the vertical plate, and driving rod seats are respectively provided in the upper and lower vertical plate slide grooves, and driving rod seat sliders on the rear sides of the driving rod seats are slidably connected to the vertical plate slide grooves on both sides, and driving rods are provided in the two driving rod seats, and the driving rod is slidably connected to the driving rod seat slide grooves on the front sides of the two driving rod seats, and a rotating rod shaft on one side of the rotating rod is rotatably connected in the vertical plate hole, and the rear side of the rotating rod shaft is connected to the motor, and the driving rod shaft on the rear side of the driving rod passes through the rotating rod groove on the side of the rotating rod and is slidably connected to the driving groove.

[0006] Two rack grooves are respectively provided on one side and in the middle of the frame, each rack groove is respectively provided with a rack, a rack slider at the lower part of each rack is slidably connected to the rack groove, a cylinder seat is provided at the front side of each rack groove, a cylinder is fixedly connected to each cylinder seat, and each cylinder telescopic rod is connected to the corresponding rack. A seedling tray groove is provided on the left side of the frame, the seedling tray is positioned in the seedling tray groove, a tray groove is provided on the right side of the frame, the tray is positioned in the tray groove, the planting pot is positioned in the tray, and the number of holes for the forest seedlings in the seedling tray is consistent with the number of trays in the planting pot.

[0007] The seedling transplanting device comprises a frame, a fixed seat is provided on the upper rear side of the frame, the fixed seat is fixedly connected to the fixed rod on the front side of the driving rod, and two symmetrical transverse sliding grooves are provided on the front and rear sides of the lower part of the frame, and transverse moving seats are provided in the transverse sliding grooves on both sides, and transverse sliding blocks on both sides of the transverse moving seat are slidably connected to the transverse sliding grooves on both sides. Two symmetrical longitudinal sliding grooves are provided on the left and right sides of the lower part of the frame, and longitudinal moving seats are provided in the longitudinal sliding grooves on both sides. The longitudinal sliding blocks on both sides of the longitudinal moving seat are slidably connected to the longitudinal sliding grooves, and a transverse bearing seat is provided on the right side of the transverse sliding groove on the front side, and a transverse lead screw is rotatably connected in the transverse bearing seat, and a motor is connected to the outer side of the transverse lead screw, and the motor is fixed on the side of the transverse bearing seat, and the right side of the transverse lead screw is fixedly connected to the first bevel gear, and the transverse lead screw is threadedly connected to the transverse moving bearing seat on the front side of the transverse moving seat, and a longitudinal bearing seat is provided on the front side of the longitudinal sliding groove on the right side, and the longitudinal lead screw is rotatably connected in the longitudinal bearing seat, and the front side of the longitudinal lead screw is fixedly connected to the second bevel gear, and the second bevel gear and the first bevel gear are meshed with each other.

[0008] The pitch changing device comprises a pitch changing frame, wherein two symmetrical guide rods are arranged in the middle of the pitch changing frame, a pitch changing frame No. 1 pin is arranged in the middle of the upper parts of both sides of the pitch changing frame, two symmetrical pitch changing frame No. 2 pins are arranged on both sides of each pitch changing frame No. 1 pin, a group of pitch changing sliders are arranged on the outside of the two guide rods, two guide holes on the side of each pitch changing slider are slidably connected to the guide rods, a pitch changing slider No. 1 pin is arranged in the middle of the upper part of each pitch changing slider, two symmetrical pitch changing slider No. 2 pins are arranged on both sides of the pitch changing slider No. 1 pin, between adjacent pitch changing sliders, the pitch changing slider and the pitch changing frame are connected by a pitch changing piece, the pitch changing piece is a hollow groove-shaped structure, the pitch changing slider close to one side of the pitch changing frame, the pitch changing frame No. 2 pins on both sides and the pitch changing slider No. 2 pins on both sides are connected to the pitch changing piece respectively, the outermost pitch changing slider and the pitch changing slider No. 1 pin of the outermost adjacent pitch changing slider are connected by the pitch changing piece, and a group of pitch changing sliders are connected in the above manner.

[0009] Beneficial effect: when the rotating rod of the present invention rotates, it drives the driving rod to slide along the driving groove at the same time, and the trajectory of the driving rod movement is the shape of the driving groove, so that the seedling transplanting device can align with the seedling tray and the tray on the left and right sides, and a group of variable-pitch sliders are slidably connected to the variable-pitch frame, and the variable-pitch frame and the variable-pitch slider are connected by a variable-pitch piece. When the variable-pitch slider on one side moves, it will drive a group of variable-pitch sliders to move through the variable-pitch piece, and the final position of a group of variable-pitch sliders is fixed, and adjacent variable-pitch sliders are equidistant. When the variable-pitch sliders shrink, adjacent variable-pitch sliders fit together, and the position of a group of variable-pitch sliders is also fixed. The variable-pitch device can fix each variable-pitch slider in two positions, which correspond to the positions when taking seedlings and transplanting seedlings, so that each taking position of the variable-pitch slider The seedling device can accurately align the position of the forest seedlings on the seedling tray and the position of the tray. The pitch of the horizontal screw and the longitudinal screw are proportional, and the distance of movement of the horizontal moving seat and the longitudinal moving seat are proportional, ensuring that each seedling device can accurately align each forest seedling on the seedling tray when taking the seedlings, and each seedling device can accurately align with the tray when transplanting the seedlings. A motor accurately controls the distance of movement in two directions. The spline shaft of the rotating device and the mobile bearing seat are tightly matched. When there is no external force, the spline shaft will not rotate in the mobile bearing seat, ensuring that the plug will not loosen after taking the seedlings. A group of seedling devices act synchronously, and the forest seedlings in the seedling tray are transplanted to a group of trays at a time, which greatly improves the speed of transplanting forest seedlings. The three-dimensional planting and transplanting device for forest seedlings has many advantages such as full utilization of space resources, high efficiency and high yield, environmental protection and energy saving, improvement of forestry seedling quality, and significant social and economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the three-dimensional planting and transplanting device for raising forest seedlings according to the present invention.

[0011] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of the machine structure of the present invention.

[0012] Figure 3 The figure is a schematic diagram of the frame structure of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the driving rod seat structure of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the driving rod structure of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 6 The figure is a schematic diagram of the rotating rod structure of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 7 The figure is a schematic diagram of the rack structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 8 The present invention provides a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the seedling transplanting device, the pitch changing device, the rotating device and the seedling taking device.

[0018] Fig. 9 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the lower structure of the seedling transplanting device, the pitch changing device, the rotating device and the seedling taking device.

[0019] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the seedling transplanting device and the distance changing device described in the present invention.

[0020] Fig.11 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of the seedling transplanting device.

[0021] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the lower structure of the seedling transplanting device described in the present invention.

[0022] Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of the framework structure of the present invention.

[0023] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the longitudinal movable seat described in the present invention.

[0024] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the transverse moving seat described in the present invention.

[0025] Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pitch-changing device described in the present invention.

[0026] Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of the variable pitch frame structure of the present invention.

[0027] Fig.18 It is a schematic diagram of the variable pitch slider structure of the present invention.

[0028] Fig.19 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pitch-variable piece described in the present invention.

[0029] Fig. 20 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating device described in the present invention.

[0030] Fig.21 It is a schematic structural diagram of the seedling taking device described in the present invention.

[0031] In the figure: 100, machine body; 110, frame; 111, vertical plate; 112, vertical plate hole; 113, driving slot; 114, vertical plate slide slot; 115, tray slot; 116, seedling tray slot; 117, rack slot; 118, cylinder seat; 120, driving rod seat; 121, driving rod seat slide slot; 122, driving rod seat slider; 130, driving rod; 131, driving rod shaft; 132, fixing rod; 140, rotating rod; 141, rotating rod shaft; 142, fixing rod; 143, fixing rod; 144, fixing rod; 145, fixing rod; 146, fixing rod; 147, fixing rod; 148, fixing rod; 149, fixing rod; 150, fixing rod; 151, fixing rod; 152, fixing rod; 153, fixing rod; 154, fixing rod; 155, fixing rod; 156, fixing rod; 157, fixing rod; 158, fixing rod; 159, fixing rod; 160, fixing rod; 161, fixing rod; 162, fixing rod; 163, fixing rod; 164, fixing rod; 165, fixing rod; 166, fixing rod; 167, fixing rod; 168, fixing rod; 169, fixing rod; 170, fixing rod; 171, fixing rod; 172, fixing rod; 173, fixing rod; 174, fixing rod; 175, fixing rod; 176, fixing rod; 177, fixing rod; 178, fixing rod; 179, fixing rod; 180, fixing rod; 181, fixing rod; 182, fixing rod; 183, fixing rod; 184, fixing rod; 185, fixing rod 2. Turning rod groove; 150. Rack; 151. Rack slider; 160. Cylinder; 170. Seedling tray; 180. Tray; 190. Planting pot; 200. Seedling transplanting device; 210. Frame; 211. Horizontal slide; 212. Longitudinal slide; 213. Groove; 214. Fixed seat; 215. Horizontal bearing seat; 216. Longitudinal bearing seat; 220. Longitudinal movable seat; 221. Longitudinal slider; 222. Longitudinal movable bearing seat; 223. longitudinal moving seat groove; 230, transverse moving seat; 231, transverse sliding block; 232, transverse moving bearing seat; 233, transverse moving seat groove; 240, transverse lead screw; 250, No. 1 bevel gear; 260, motor; 270, longitudinal lead screw; 280, No. 2 bevel gear; 300, pitch changing device; 310, pitch changing frame; 311, guide rod; 312, No. 1 pin of pitch changing frame; 313, No. 2 pin of pitch changing frame; 3001, longitudinal pitch changing device; 3002 , lateral pitch changing device; 320, pitch changing slider; 321, guide hole; 322, pitch changing slider pin No. 1; 323, pitch changing slider pin No. 2; 324, pitch changing slider pin No. 3; 330, pitch changing piece; 400, rotating device; 410, spline shaft; 420, movable bearing seat; 430, rotating gear; 500, seedling taking device; 510, seedling taking seat; 520, gear No. 1; 530, gear No. 2; 540, plug; 541, oblique mouth of plug. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention is further described in detail below according to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0033] refer to Figure 1 A three-dimensional planting and transplanting device for raising forest seedlings includes a body 100, a seedling transplanting device 200 is connected to the body 100, a group of longitudinal pitch changing devices 3001 and a group of lateral pitch changing devices 3002 are connected to the seedling transplanting device 200, a group of longitudinal pitch changing devices 3001 and a group of lateral pitch changing devices 3002 are respectively connected by screws, the pitches of the two screws are proportional, the two screws are connected by mutually meshing gears, a group of longitudinal pitch changing devices 3001 and a group of lateral pitch changing devices 3002 realize proportional longitudinal and lateral pitch changes under the control of the screws, a group of longitudinal pitch changing devices 3001 are respectively connected to seedling picking devices 500, a group of seedling picking devices 500 are connected to a rotating device 400, and the rotating device 400 is connected to the body 100.

[0034] refer to Figures 2 to 7 The machine body 100 includes a frame 110, a vertical plate 111 is provided on the rear side of the frame 110, a vertical plate hole 112 is provided in the middle of the vertical plate 111, a rectangular driving groove 113 with a lower opening is provided on the outer side of the vertical plate hole 112, vertical plate slide grooves 114 are respectively provided on the upper and lower sides of the vertical plate 111, and driving rod seats 120 are respectively provided in the upper and lower vertical plate slide grooves 114, and driving rod seat sliders 122 on the rear sides of the driving rod seats 120 are respectively slidably connected to the vertical plate slide grooves 114 on both sides, and driving rods 130 are provided in the two driving rod seats 120, and the driving rod 130 is slidably connected to the driving rod seat slide grooves 121 on the front sides of the two driving rod seats 120, and a rotating rod shaft 141 on one side of the rotating rod 140 is rotatably connected in the vertical plate hole 112, and the rear side of the rotating rod shaft 141 is connected to the motor, and the driving rod shaft 131 on the rear side of the driving rod 130 passes through the rotating rod groove 142 on the side of the rotating rod 140 and is slidably connected to the driving groove 113. When the rotating rod 140 rotates, it drives the driving rod 130 to slide along the driving rod seats 120 on both sides. At the same time, the driving rod 130 slides along the driving groove 113 . The moving trajectory of the driving rod 130 is the shape of the driving groove 113 .

[0035] refer to Figures 2 to 7 Two rack grooves 117 are respectively provided on one side and in the middle of the frame 110, and a rack 150 is respectively provided in each rack groove 117. A rack slider 151 at the lower part of each rack 150 is slidably connected to the rack groove 117. A cylinder seat 118 is provided on the front side of each rack groove 117, and a cylinder 160 is fixedly connected to each cylinder seat 118. The telescopic rod of each cylinder 160 is connected to the corresponding rack 150.

[0036] refer to Figures 2 to 7 A seedling tray groove 116 is provided on the left side of the frame 110, and the seedling tray 170 is positioned in the seedling tray groove 116. A tray groove 115 is provided on the right side of the frame 110, and the tray 180 is positioned in the tray groove 115. The planting pot 190 is positioned in the tray 180, and the number of holes for forest seedlings in the seedling tray 170 is consistent with the number of trays 180 in the planting pot 190.

[0037] refer to Figures 8 to 15The seedling transplanting device 200 includes a frame 210, a fixed seat 214 is provided on the upper rear side of the frame 210, and the fixed seat 214 is fixedly connected to the fixed rod 132 on the front side of the driving rod 130. Two symmetrical transverse grooves 211 are provided on the front and rear sides of the lower part of the frame 210, and a transverse moving seat 230 is provided in the transverse grooves 211 on both sides. The transverse sliders 231 on both sides of the transverse moving seat 230 are slidably connected to the transverse grooves 211 on both sides. Two symmetrical longitudinal grooves 212 are provided on the left and right sides of the lower part of the frame 210, and longitudinal moving seats 220 are provided in the longitudinal grooves 212 on both sides. The longitudinal sliders 221 on both sides of the longitudinal moving seat 220 are slidably connected to the longitudinal grooves 212, and a transverse bearing seat 215 is provided on the right side of the transverse groove 211 on the front side. The transverse bearing seat 215 is rotatably connected to the transverse lead screw 240, and the outer side of the transverse lead screw 240 is connected to the motor 260, and the motor 260 is fixed to the side of the transverse bearing seat 215. The right side of the transverse lead screw 240 is fixedly connected to the first bevel gear 250. The transverse lead screw 240 is threadedly connected to the transverse moving bearing seat 232 on the front side of the transverse moving seat 230. A longitudinal bearing seat 216 is provided on the front side of the longitudinal slide groove 212 on the right side. The longitudinal bearing seat 216 is rotatably connected to the longitudinal lead screw 270. The front side of the longitudinal lead screw 270 is fixedly connected to the second bevel gear 280. The second bevel gear 280 and the first bevel gear 250 are meshed with each other.

[0038] The pitches of the transverse screw 240 and the longitudinal screw 270 are proportional, and the transverse screw 240 and the longitudinal screw 270 drive the transverse moving seat 230 and the longitudinal moving seat 220 to move in a proportional manner. When the motor 260 rotates, it drives the transverse screw 240 and the first bevel gear 250 to rotate, and the first bevel gear 250 drives the second bevel gear 280 and the longitudinal screw 270 to rotate. The pitches of the transverse screw 240 and the longitudinal screw 270 are proportional, and the distances of the transverse moving seat 230 and the longitudinal moving seat 220 to move are proportional.

[0039] refer to Figure 18 to Figure 19The pitch changing device 300 includes a pitch changing frame 310, two symmetrical guide rods 311 are arranged in the middle of the pitch changing frame 310, a pitch changing frame No. 1 pin 312 is arranged in the middle of the upper part of both sides of the pitch changing frame 310, and two symmetrical pitch changing frame No. 2 pins 313 are arranged on both sides of each pitch changing frame No. 1 pin 312, a group of pitch changing sliders 320 are arranged outside the two guide rods 311, two guide holes 321 on the side of each pitch changing slider 320 are slidably connected to the guide rod 311, a pitch changing slider No. 1 pin 322 is arranged in the middle of the upper part of each pitch changing slider 320, and two symmetrical pitch changing slider No. 2 pins 323 are arranged on both sides of the pitch changing slider No. 1 pin 322, and adjacent pitch changing sliders In the middle of 320, the pitch slider 320 and the pitch frame 310 are connected by a pitch piece 330. The pitch piece 330 is a hollow groove structure. The pitch slider 320 close to the pitch frame 310, the pitch frame No. 2 pin 313 on both sides and the pitch slider No. 2 pin 323 on both sides are respectively connected to the pitch piece 330, the outermost pitch slider 320 and the pitch slider No. 1 pin 322 of the outermost adjacent pitch slider 320 are connected through the pitch piece 330, and a group of pitch sliders 320 are connected in the above manner.

[0040] refer to Figures 8 to 10 The longitudinal slide groove 212 of the variable distance frame 310 is provided with grooves 213 on the front and rear sides, and a variable distance device 300 is respectively provided in the grooves 213 on the front and rear sides. The variable distance frames 310 on the front and rear sides are called lateral variable distance devices 3002. The number of variable distance sliders 320 of each lateral variable distance device 3002 is equal to the number of lateral forest seedlings in the seedling tray 170. The third pin 324 of the variable distance slider at the lower part of the variable distance slider 320 on the far right of the two lateral variable distance devices 3002 is inserted into the lateral moving seat groove 233 on one side of the lateral moving seat 230.

[0041] refer to Figures 8 to 10A group of pitch changing devices 300 is provided between the lateral pitch changing devices 3002 on the front and rear sides. The group of pitch changing devices 300 between the lateral pitch changing devices 3002 is called a longitudinal pitch changing device 3001. Each longitudinal pitch changing device 3001 is respectively connected to the inner side of the pitch changing slider 320 corresponding to the lateral pitch changing devices 3002 on both sides. The number of pitch changing sliders 320 in each longitudinal pitch changing device 3001 is equal to the number of longitudinal forest seedlings in the seedling tray 170. The pitch changing slider No. 3 pin 324 at the lower part of the frontmost pitch changing slider 320 in a group of longitudinal pitch changing devices 3001 is inserted into the longitudinal moving seat groove 223 on one side of the longitudinal moving seat 220. A group of variable pitch sliders 320 are slidably connected to the variable pitch frame 310, and the variable pitch frame 310 and the variable pitch sliders 320 are connected through the variable pitch pieces 330. When the variable pitch slider 320 on one side moves, it will drive a group of variable pitch sliders 320 to move through the variable pitch pieces 330, and the final position of a group of variable pitch sliders 320 is fixed, and adjacent variable pitch sliders 320 are equidistant. When the variable pitch sliders 320 shrink, the adjacent variable pitch sliders 320 fit together, and the position of a group of variable pitch sliders 320 is also fixed.

[0042] refer to Fig.21 The seedling retrieval device 500 includes a seedling retrieval seat 510, the lower part of the seedling retrieval seat 510 is rotatably connected to two plugs 540, the lower part of the plug 540 has a plug oblique opening 541, the lower part of the plug oblique opening 541 of the two plugs 540 forms an opening, the sides of the two plugs 540 are respectively fixedly connected to the second gear 530 and the first gear 520, the first gear 520 and the second gear 530 are meshed with each other, and a seedling retrieval device 500 is respectively provided at the lower part of the variable pitch slider 320 of each longitudinal variable pitch device 3001, and the seedling retrieval seat 510 of each seedling retrieval device 500 is fixedly connected to the variable pitch slider No. 3 pin 324 at the lower part of the variable pitch slider 320. The lower part of the two plugs 540 is provided with a plug bevel 541. When taking seedlings from the seedling tray 170, a group of seedling taking devices 500 are respectively inserted into the root of each forest seedling in the seedling tray 170. The two plugs 540 of each seedling taking device 500 are driven by the No. 1 gear 520 and the No. 2 gear 530. When the No. 1 gear 520 rotates, it drives the No. 2 gear 530 to rotate. The two plugs 540 clamp the forest seedlings from the bottom. At this time, the forest seedlings can be taken out. When the seedling taking device 500 moves to the upper part of the planting pot 190, the No. 1 gear 520 rotates, the two plugs 540 separate, and the forest seedlings are placed in each planting pot 190.

[0043] refer to Fig. 20The rotating device 400 includes a spline shaft 410, and both sides of the spline shaft 410 are rotatably connected to the movable bearing seat 420. The spline shaft 410 and the movable bearing seat 420 are tightly matched. When there is no external force, the spline shaft 410 will not rotate in the movable bearing seat 420. One side of the spline shaft 410 is fixedly connected to the rotating gear 430. A group of rotating devices 400 are provided at the lower part of the frame 210. The movable bearing seats 420 on both sides are slidably connected to the longitudinal slide grooves 212 on both sides of the spline shaft 410. The spline shaft 410 passes through a group of horizontal seedling removal devices 500. The spline shaft 410 passes through each No. 1 gear 520 and the corresponding plug 540. The No. 1 gear 520 is slidably connected to the spline shaft 410. A group of rotating gears 430 of the rotating device 400 are respectively meshed with the two racks 150 on the left and right sides. When the rotating device 400 moves to the upper part of the rack 150, a group of rotating gears 430 are meshed with the rack 150 at the same time, the cylinder 160 starts to drive the rack 150 to move, the rack 150 drives a group of rotating gears 430 to rotate, and the rotating gears 430 drive the No. 1 gear 520 to rotate, thereby realizing the action of taking and placing the seedlings.

[0044] A method for operating a three-dimensional planting and transplanting device for raising forest seedlings. When using the device, a seedling tray 170 is positioned in a seedling tray groove 116, a tray 180 is positioned in a tray groove 115, and a planting pot 190 is positioned in the tray 180. The number of holes of the forest seedlings in the seedling tray 170 is consistent with the number of trays 180 in the planting pot 190. The motor of the rotating rod 140 is started. When the rotating rod 140 rotates, the driving rod 130 is driven to rotate. The driving rod 130 slides along the driving groove 113. The driving rod 130 first drives the seedling transplanting device 200 to move to the upper part of the seedling tray 170. The seedling transplanting device 200 moves to the seedling tray 1 70, the motor 260 is started, the motor 260 drives the transverse lead screw 240 and the longitudinal lead screw 270 to rotate, the transverse lead screw 240 and the longitudinal lead screw 270 drive the transverse moving seat 230 and the longitudinal moving seat 220 to move respectively, the longitudinal moving seat 220 drives a set of variable distance sliders 320 at the front of the longitudinal variable distance device 3001 to move, the transverse moving seat 230 drives the two rightmost variable distance sliders 320 of the transverse variable distance device 3002 to move, the set of variable distance sliders 320 of the longitudinal variable distance device 3001 and the two variable distance sliders 320 of the transverse variable distance device 3002 are retracted together, at this time The seedling taking device 500 at the lower part of the longitudinal pitch changing device 3001 is just aligned with the position of each forest seedling on the seedling tray 170, and the motor 260 stops rotating. When the seedling transplanting device 200 descends to the lowest part, the two plugs 540 of each seedling taking device 500 are just inserted into the root of the forest seedling. At this time, the seedling transplanting device 200 stops moving, the cylinder 160 on the left is started, and the rack 150 on the left moves. The two plugs 540 of each seedling taking device 500 clamp the forest seedling from the bottom, and then the rotating rod 140 rotates in the opposite direction. At this time, the forest seedling is taken out, and the seedling transplanting device 200 is driven by the rotating rod 140 to the support One side of the disk 180 moves, the motor 260 starts in reverse, a group of variable pitch sliders 320 of the longitudinal variable pitch device 3001 and two variable pitch sliders 320 of the lateral variable pitch device 3002 separate, the seedling retrieval device 500 at the bottom of each longitudinal variable pitch device 3001 is aligned with the lower tray 180, the motor 260 stops rotating, and when the lower part of the seedling retrieval device 500 is inserted into the tray 180, the seedling transplanting device 200 stops moving, the cylinder 160 on the right starts, the rack 150 on the right moves, the two plugs 540 of each seedling retrieval device 500 separate, and the forest seedlings are placed in the tray 180.

[0045] When the rotating rod 140 rotates, it drives the driving rod 130 to slide along the driving groove 113 at the same time. The moving trajectory of the driving rod 130 is the shape of the driving groove 113, so that the seedling transplanting device 200 can align with the seedling tray 170 and the tray 180 on the left and right sides. A group of variable distance sliders 320 are slidably connected to the variable distance frame 310, and the variable distance frame 310 and the variable distance slider 320 are connected by the variable distance piece 330. When the variable distance slider 320 on one side moves, it will drive a group of variable distance sliders 320 to move through the variable distance piece 330, and the final position of a group of variable distance sliders 320 is fixed, and the adjacent variable distance sliders 320 are equidistant. When the variable distance sliders 320 shrink, the adjacent variable distance sliders 320 fit together, and the position of a group of variable distance sliders 320 is also fixed. The variable distance device 300 can fix each variable distance slider 320 at two positions, corresponding to the positions when taking seedlings and transplanting seedlings, so that each variable distance slider 320 Each seedling taking device 500 can accurately align the position of the forest seedlings on the seedling tray 170 and the position of the tray 180. The pitch of the transverse screw 240 and the longitudinal screw 270 are proportional, and the moving distance of the transverse moving seat 230 and the longitudinal moving seat 220 are proportional, ensuring that each seedling taking device 500 can accurately align with each forest seedling in the seedling tray 170 when taking seedlings, and each seedling taking device 500 can accurately align with the tray 180 when transplanting seedlings. A motor accurately controls the moving distance in two directions. The spline shaft 410 and the movable bearing seat 420 of the rotating device 400 are tightly matched. When there is no external force, the spline shaft 410 will not rotate in the movable bearing seat 420, ensuring that the plug 540 will not loosen after the seedlings are taken. A group of seedling taking devices 500 act synchronously, and the forest seedlings in the seedling tray 170 are transplanted to a group of trays 180 at one time, which greatly improves the speed of transplanting forest seedlings.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional planting and transplanting device for forest seedlings, characterized in that : It comprises a machine body (100), the machine body (100) is connected to a seedling transplanting device (200), the seedling transplanting device (200) is connected to a set of longitudinal pitch changing devices (3001) and a set of transverse pitch changing devices (3002), the set of longitudinal pitch changing devices (3001) and the set of transverse pitch changing devices (3002) are respectively connected via lead screws, the two lead screws are connected via mutually meshing gears, the set of longitudinal pitch changing devices (3001) are respectively connected to seedling removal devices (500), the set of seedling removal devices (500) are connected to a rotating device (400), and the rotating device (400) is connected to the machine body (100); the machine body (100) comprises a frame (110), a vertical plate (111) is provided at the rear side of the frame (110), and the vertical plate A vertical plate hole (112) is provided in the middle of the vertical plate (111), a rectangular driving groove (113) with a lower opening is provided on the outer side of the vertical plate hole (112), vertical plate slide grooves (114) are provided on the upper and lower sides of the vertical plate (111), and driving rod seats (120) are provided in the upper and lower vertical plate slide grooves (114), respectively. A driving rod seat slider (122) on the rear side of the driving rod seat (120) is slidably connected to the vertical plate slide grooves (114) on both sides, and a driving rod (130) is provided in the two driving rod seats (120), and the driving rod (130) is slidably connected to the driving rod seat slide grooves (121) on the front sides of the two driving rod seats (120). A rotating rod shaft (141) on one side of the rotating rod (140) is rotatably connected in the vertical plate hole (112), and the rotating rod shaft The rear side of the frame (141) is connected to a motor, and the drive rod shaft (131) on the rear side of the drive rod (130) passes through the rotating rod groove (142) on the side of the rotating rod (140) and is slidably connected to the drive groove (113); two rack grooves (117) are respectively provided on one side and in the middle of the frame (110), and each rack groove (117) is respectively provided with a rack (150), and a rack slider (151) at the lower part of each rack (150) is respectively slidably connected to the rack groove (117), and a cylinder seat (118) is provided on the front side of each rack groove (117), and a cylinder (160) is respectively fixedly connected to each cylinder seat (118), and a telescopic rod of each cylinder (160) is connected to the corresponding rack (150); the seedling removal device (5 00) comprises a seedling taking seat (510), the lower part of the seedling taking seat (510) is rotatably connected to two plugs (540), the lower part of the plug (540) has a plug oblique opening (541), the lower part of the plug oblique opening (541) of the two plugs (540) forms an opening, the side surfaces of the two plugs (540) are respectively fixedly connected to a second gear (530) and a first gear (520), the first gear (520) and the second gear (530) are meshed with each other, a seedling taking device (500) is respectively provided at the lower part of the variable distance slider (320) of each longitudinal variable distance device (3001), and the seedling taking seat (510) of each seedling taking device (500) is fixedly connected to a third pin (324) of the variable distance slider at the lower part of the variable distance slider (320);The left side of the frame (110) is provided with a seedling tray groove (116), the seedling tray (170) is positioned in the seedling tray groove (116), the right side of the frame (110) is provided with a tray groove (115), the tray (180) is positioned in the tray groove (115), the planting pot (190) is positioned in the tray (180), and the number of holes for the forest seedlings in the seedling tray (170) is the same as the number of trays (180) in the planting pot (190); the seedling transplanting device (200) comprises a frame (210), the upper part of the rear side of the frame (210) is provided with a fixing seat (214), the fixing seat (214) is fixedly connected to the fixing rod (132) on the front side of the driving rod (130), and the lower part of the frame (210) is provided with a fixing seat (214). Two symmetrical transverse slide grooves (211) are provided on the front and rear sides, and transverse moving seats (230) are provided in the transverse slide grooves (211) on both sides. Transverse sliders (231) on both sides of the transverse moving seats (230) are slidably connected to the transverse slide grooves (211) on both sides. Two symmetrical longitudinal slide grooves (212) are provided on the left and right sides of the lower part of the frame (210), and longitudinal moving seats (220) are provided in the longitudinal slide grooves (212) on both sides. The longitudinal sliders (221) on both sides of the longitudinal moving seats (220) are slidably connected to the longitudinal slide grooves (212). A transverse bearing seat (215) is provided on the right side of the transverse slide groove (211) on the front side, and a transverse lead screw (240) is rotatably connected to the transverse bearing seat (215). The outer side of the transverse lead screw (240) is connected to the motor (260), the motor (260) is fixed to the side of the transverse bearing seat (215), the right side of the transverse lead screw (240) is fixedly connected to the first bevel gear (250), the transverse lead screw (240) is threadedly connected to the transverse moving bearing seat (232) on the front side of the transverse moving seat (230), the front side of the right longitudinal slide groove (212) is provided with a longitudinal bearing seat (216), the longitudinal bearing seat (216) is rotatably connected to the longitudinal lead screw (270), the front side of the longitudinal lead screw (270) is fixedly connected to the second bevel gear (280), and the second bevel gear (280) and the first bevel gear (250) are meshed with each other. ; 2. A three-dimensional tree seedling planting and transplanting device according to claim 1, characterized in that The pitch changing device (300) comprises a pitch changing frame (310), wherein two symmetrical guide rods (311) are arranged in the middle of the pitch changing frame (310), a pitch changing frame No. 1 pin (312) is arranged in the middle of the upper part of both sides of the pitch changing frame (310), and two symmetrical pitch changing frame No. 2 pins (313) are arranged on both sides of each pitch changing frame No. 1 pin (312), and a group of pitch changing sliders (320) are arranged outside the two guide rods (311), and two guide holes (321) on the side of each pitch changing slider (320) are slidably connected to the guide rod (311), and a pitch changing slider No. 1 pin (322) is arranged in the middle of the upper part of each pitch changing slider (320), and two sides of the pitch changing slider No. 1 pin (322) are arranged Two symmetrical pitch-changing slider No. 2 pins (323) are provided, the pitch-changing slider (320) and the pitch-changing frame (310) are connected via a pitch-changing piece (330), the pitch-changing piece (330) is a hollow groove-shaped structure, the pitch-changing frame No. 2 pins (313) on both sides and the pitch-changing slider No. 2 pins (323) on both sides are respectively connected to the pitch-changing piece (330), and the outermost pitch-changing slider (320) and the pitch-changing slider No. 1 pin (322) of the outermost adjacent pitch-changing slider (320) are connected via the pitch-changing piece (330).

3. A three-dimensional tree seedling planting and transplanting device according to claim 2, characterized in that The longitudinal slide groove (212) of the pitch-changing frame (310) is provided with grooves (213) on both front and rear sides, and a pitch-changing device (300) is respectively provided in the grooves (213) on both front and rear sides. The pitch-changing frames (310) on both front and rear sides are called transverse pitch-changing devices (3002). The number of pitch-changing sliders (320) of each transverse pitch-changing device (3002) is equal to the number of transverse forest seedlings in the seedling tray (170). The pitch-changing slider No. 3 pin (324) at the bottom of the rightmost pitch-changing slider (320) of the two transverse pitch-changing devices (3002) is inserted into the transverse moving seat groove (233) on one side of the transverse moving seat (230).

4. The three-dimensional planting and transplanting device for raising forest seedlings according to claim 3 is characterized in that A set of pitch changing devices (300) is provided between the lateral pitch changing devices (3002) on the front and rear sides. The set of pitch changing devices (300) between the lateral pitch changing devices (3002) is called a longitudinal pitch changing device (3001). Each longitudinal pitch changing device (3001) is respectively connected to the inner side of the pitch changing slider (320) corresponding to the lateral pitch changing devices (3002) on both sides. The number of pitch changing sliders (320) in each longitudinal pitch changing device (3001) is equal to the number of longitudinal forest seedlings in the seedling tray (170). The pitch changing slider No. 3 pin (324) at the lower part of the frontmost pitch changing slider (320) in a set of longitudinal pitch changing devices (3001) is inserted into the longitudinal moving seat groove (223) on one side of the longitudinal moving seat (220).

5. The three-dimensional planting and transplanting device for raising forest seedlings according to claim 1 is characterized in that The rotating device (400) comprises a spline shaft (410), both sides of the spline shaft (410) are rotatably connected to the movable bearing seats (420), one side of the spline shaft (410) is fixedly connected to the rotating gear (430), a group of rotating devices (400) is provided at the lower part of the frame (210), the movable bearing seats (420) on both sides are slidably connected to the longitudinal slide grooves (212) on both sides of the spline shaft (410), the spline shaft (410) passes through a group of transverse seedling removal devices (500), the spline shaft (410) passes through each No. 1 gear (520) and the corresponding plug (540), the No. 1 gear (520) is slidably connected to the spline shaft (410), and the rotating gear (430) of the group of rotating devices (400) is meshed with two racks (150) on the left and right sides respectively.

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