A device and method for collecting eDNA samples of aquatic organisms in high turbidity water bodies

Abstract

The present invention discloses an aquatic organism eDNA sample collection device and method for high-turbidity water bodies, which relate to the technical field of water sample collection, and include: a protection mechanism, which includes a shell, a top plate, a direction adjustment block, an inner cavity and a protective pad; the control mechanism includes a rack; the transmission mechanism includes a gear, a primary rod, a secondary rod, a tertiary rod, a locking block and a clamping arm; a capping mechanism is installed at the bottom end of the tertiary rod, and the capping mechanism includes a top cover, a top block, a cross bar and a connecting hook; the primary sampling mechanism includes an outer tube, a water inlet and a sealing block; the secondary sampling mechanism includes an inner tube, a connecting buckle, a counterweight block, a sliding column, a connecting rod, a sealing door, a sampling port and a drain port; the present application has the advantages of being able to protect a sampling bottle when casting sampling, avoiding damage to hard objects, and being able to collect water samples of different depths each time casting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water sample collection technology, and more specifically, to a device and method for collecting aquatic organism eDNA samples from highly turbid water bodies. Background Technology

[0002] eDNA refers to DNA released into the environment by organisms. eDNA has various sources, including DNA molecules released from animal cells, skin, mucus, blood, secretions, saliva, sperm, eggs, feces, urine, and plant roots, leaves, fruits, pollen, etc., and even the decaying matter of various organisms. Based on the environmental source of the DNA sample, eDNA can be classified as aquatic eDNA, sediment eDNA, soil eDNA, or airborne eDNA. eDNA technology refers to the technique of directly extracting DNA fragments from environmental samples (water, soil, and sediment, etc.) and then using sequencing technology for qualitative or quantitative analysis to determine the species and quantity of organisms in the sampling environment, thereby achieving species monitoring. Its application in the aquatic environment is an important area. By collecting aquatic environmental samples, extracting DNA, and performing high-throughput sequencing, the samples are compared with known databases to identify species whose DNA fragments match those in the samples, thus determining which biological species' eDNA is present in the samples.

[0003] Sampling in aquatic environments typically involves using glass or plastic water samplers, which generally consist of a sampling head, a sampling bottle, and a pull rope. For nearby water bodies, direct sampling is possible. For more distant water bodies, sampling requires personnel to use watercraft to approach the sampling point or to drop the sampling bottle. In shallow, highly turbid water bodies with many impurities, such as streams or shallows containing rocks and large hard particles, the underwater conditions are unclear, making it inconvenient for sampling personnel to use watercraft. Therefore, in these situations, dropping the sampler is often used. However, when personnel drop existing samplers, the sampling bottle may be damaged by impacts with rocks or other hard objects in the highly turbid water. Furthermore, existing water samplers generally only collect samples from one type of water body at a time, resulting in low efficiency and incomplete sampling. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a device and method for collecting aquatic organism eDNA samples from highly turbid water bodies to address these problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a device and method for collecting aquatic organism eDNA samples in high-turbidity water bodies. This method solves the problems of existing water samplers being easily damaged by hard objects and collecting limited types of water samples per sampling attempt when sampling in shallow, high-turbidity water areas containing impurities such as rocks and large hard particles. The present invention offers the advantages of protecting the sampling bottle during sampling, preventing damage from hard objects, and collecting water samples from different depths with each sampling attempt.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A device for collecting aquatic organism eDNA samples in high-turbidity water bodies, comprising:

[0007] The protective mechanism includes a housing, a top plate fixed to the top surface of the housing, a steering block installed at the bottom of the housing, an inner cavity inside the housing, and a protective pad on the surface of the housing.

[0008] A control mechanism is installed inside the top plate, and the control mechanism includes a rack that is slidably connected inside the top plate;

[0009] The housing is equipped with a transmission mechanism, which includes a gear meshing with the rack. A first-stage rod is fixed to the bottom of the gear. A second-stage rod is slidably connected to the first-stage rod. A third-stage rod is slidably connected to the second-stage rod. A locking block is installed in the housing on one side of the first-stage rod. A clamping arm is fixed to the bottom side wall of the third-stage rod.

[0010] The bottom end of the three-stage rod is equipped with a capping mechanism. The capping mechanism includes a top cover that is slidably connected to the bottom of the three-stage rod. A top block is fixed on the top of the top cover. The top block is engaged with the locking block. A crossbar is slidably connected inside the top block. A connecting hook is fixed at one end of the crossbar.

[0011] A primary sampling mechanism is installed in the inner cavity. The primary sampling mechanism includes an outer tube that is slidably connected to the inner cavity. The bottom side wall of the outer tube is provided with a water inlet, and a sealing block is slidably connected inside the water inlet.

[0012] A secondary sampling mechanism is installed inside the outer tube. The secondary sampling mechanism includes an inner tube slidably connected to the inside of the outer tube. The top end of the inner tube is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the tertiary rod. The top end of the inner tube is provided with a connecting buckle, which engages with the connecting hook. A counterweight is installed at the bottom end of the inner tube. A sliding column is installed inside the inner tube. A connecting rod is slidably connected inside the sliding column, and the bottom end of the connecting rod is slidably connected to the inside of the counterweight. A sealing door is fixed at the bottom end of the connecting rod, and the sealing door abuts against the inner wall of the inner tube. A sampling port and a drain port are symmetrically provided on the bottom side wall of the inner tube.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the protection mechanism further includes a first spring installed in the inner cavity, and the bottom end of the first spring is installed on the top surface of the outer tube, and the side of the inner cavity is provided with a side groove.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control mechanism further includes a slot extending through the outer end of the rack, a limiting tooth on the bottom surface of the outer end of the rack, an elastic connection between the inner end of the rack and the inside of the top plate via a second spring, and a stop block fixed on the bottom surface of the inner end of the rack, the stop block having a stop groove.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the housing is provided with a locking mechanism, the locking mechanism including water cavities, two water cavities are symmetrically arranged inside the housing and both water cavities are in communication with the outside of the housing, a float is installed inside each of the two water cavities, a long rod is fixed to the top of one of the floats and the long rod is slidably connected to the inside of the housing, a third spring is installed on the long rod, a limit hook is fixed to the upper end of the long rod and the limit hook is engaged with the limit tooth, and a plug is fixed to the top of the long rod and the plug is engaged with the slot.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an anti-slip mechanism is installed inside the housing. The anti-slip mechanism includes an anti-slip rod installed on the top surface of another float. The top end of the anti-slip rod is engaged with the stop groove, and a third spring is also installed on the anti-slip rod. A release rod is fixed in the middle of the anti-slip rod.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the transmission mechanism further includes a cross groove. The inner walls of the first-stage rod and the second-stage rod are provided with cross grooves. The top of the outer walls of the second-stage rod and the third-stage rod are fixed with cross blocks. The cross blocks on the second-stage rod are slidably connected to the cross grooves on the first-stage rod. The cross blocks on the third-stage rod are slidably connected to the cross grooves on the second-stage rod. The outer wall of the first-stage rod is fixed with a stop block. A fourth spring is installed on the side of the locking block.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the capping mechanism further includes insert blocks fixed to both sides of the top cover, the insert blocks having a limiting groove through them, a push post slidably connected to the inner side of the insert blocks, the top end of the push post abutting against the other end of the crossbar, and the crossbar being elastically connected to the inside of the top cover by a fifth spring.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the primary sampling mechanism further includes a slot disposed at the top of the outer tube, and the insert block is slidably connected to the slot. A push block is fixed in the slot, and the push block abuts against the push post. A slider is slidably connected inside the top end of the outer tube. The slider is elastically connected to the top end of the outer tube through a sixth spring. A limit block is fixed at one end of the slider and is engaged in the limit groove. A pressure block is fixed at the other end of the slider and abuts against the outer wall of the inner tube. A release hook is fixed on the top surface of the outer tube, and the release hook abuts against the release rod.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the secondary sampling mechanism further includes a seventh spring sleeved on the connecting rod, a push plate fixed to the top of the connecting rod, a float slidably connected to the sliding column, a sealing plate slidably connected inside the inner tube on the side near the sealing door, the top of the sealing plate protruding from the top of the inner tube, and a float plate installed on the top of the sealing plate.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a method for collecting aquatic organism eDNA samples in high-turbidity water bodies includes the following steps:

[0022] S1: Each rack has a pull rope. When collecting water samples from a distance, the sampler throws the entire device into the target water body. The steering block and the counterweight block will cause the entire device to quickly adjust its attitude after entering the water and float vertically in the water.

[0023] S2: After entering the water, the buoyancy of the water causes the locking mechanism to release the rack, the anti-slip mechanism moves upward, pulls the rope connected to the rack, drives the transmission mechanism to rotate, thereby releasing the primary sampling mechanism and the secondary sampling mechanism. At the same time, the anti-slip mechanism restricts the rack from continuing to slide.

[0024] S3: The primary sampling mechanism and the secondary sampling mechanism slide out in sequence, and the water inlet on the outer pipe and the sampling port on the inner pipe are opened for water sampling;

[0025] S4: After the outer tube is filled with sample, the anti-slip mechanism is unlocked at the same time. Continue to pull the rope connected to the rack. The transmission mechanism closes the water inlet. After the inner tube is filled with sample, the sampling port is automatically closed. The sampler pulls the rope to drag the entire device back.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this invention are:

[0027] 1. A casing is installed outside the primary and secondary sampling mechanisms to protect them. This effectively protects the primary and secondary sampling mechanisms from damage when sampling water bodies at varying distances, allowing for better sampling operations. Furthermore, the casing surface is equipped with cushioning pads to reduce impact and vibration in high-turbidity water, further extending the service life of the primary and secondary sampling mechanisms. Simultaneously, the casing, pads, and steering blocks ensure the entire device floats correctly on the water surface, facilitating sampling by both mechanisms and solving the problem of ordinary sampling devices being difficult to retrieve from high-turbidity water bodies.

[0028] 2. This device is equipped with a primary sampling mechanism and a secondary sampling mechanism for water sampling. The two sampling mechanisms can be remotely controlled to release together via a telescopic connection to the rack and pinion. Moreover, the primary and secondary sampling mechanisms can be opened independently without interference, enabling the collection of water samples at different depths, which is more efficient and provides more comprehensive comparative data. Furthermore, water sampling will only begin after both sampling mechanisms are fully extended, maximizing the vertical distance between the inlet and the sampling port. This ensures that the water samples collected by the two sampling mechanisms do not interfere with each other, improving the rigor of water sampling and the accuracy of water sample data.

[0029] 3. After water sample collection is completed, the water inlet on the outer tube can be closed by the sampler pulling the rack again to drive the transmission mechanism to rotate, thereby using the clamping arm to drive the sealing block. The sampling port of the inner tube can be closed by the connecting rod moving the sealing gate upward after the water sample is saturated. The operation is simple and quick, effectively solving the problem of not being able to close the sampling channel when sampling at a distance. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the initial three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the sampling process of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure;

[0033] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0034] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point B;

[0035] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point C;

[0036] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point D;

[0037] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure;

[0038] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 Enlarged structural diagram at point E;

[0039] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 8Enlarged structural diagram at point F;

[0040] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission mechanism of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the locking mechanism structure of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention and a portion of the sampling mechanism.

[0043] Description of the numbers in the figure:

[0044] 1. Protective mechanism; 11. Housing; 12. Top plate; 13. First spring; 14. Adjusting block; 15. Inner cavity; 16. Side groove; 17. Protective pad; 2. Control mechanism; 21. Rack; 22. Slot; 23. Limiting tooth; 24. Second spring; 25. Stop block; 26. Stop groove; 3. Locking mechanism; 31. Water cavity; 32. Float; 33. Long rod; 34. Third spring; 35. Limiting hook; 36. Plug; 4. Anti-slip mechanism; 41. Anti-slip rod; 42. Release rod; 5. Transmission mechanism; 51. Gear; 52. First-stage rod; 53. Second-stage rod; 54. Third-stage rod; 55. Cross groove; 56. Cross block; 57. Abutment block; 58. Locking block; 59. Fourth spring; 59 1. Clamping arm; 6. Top sealing mechanism; 61. Top cover; 62. Insert block; 63. Limiting groove; 64. Push column; 65. Crossbar; 66. Fifth spring; 67. Connecting hook; 68. Top block; 7. Primary sampling mechanism; 71. Outer tube; 72. Slot; 73. Push block; 74. Slider; 75. Limiting block; 76. Pressing block; 77. Sixth spring; 78. Water inlet; 79. Sealing block; 791. Release hook; 8. Secondary sampling mechanism; 81. Inner tube; 82. Connecting buckle; 83. Sliding column; 84. Connecting rod; 85. Seventh spring; 86. Push plate; 87. Floating plate; 88. Sealing door; 89. Sampling port; 891. Drainage port; 892. Sealing plate; 893. Floating plate; 894. Counterweight. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] Example 1, please refer to Figure 1-13As shown, the present invention discloses an aquatic organism eDNA sample collection device for high turbidity water bodies, including a protective mechanism 1. The protective mechanism 1 includes a shell 11, a top plate 12 fixed on the top surface of the shell 11, an adjusting block 14 installed at the bottom of the shell 11, an inner cavity 15 inside the shell 11, and a protective pad 17 on the surface of the shell 11.

[0047] The top plate 12 is equipped with a control mechanism 2, which includes a rack 21 that is slidably connected inside the top plate 12.

[0048] The housing 11 is equipped with a transmission mechanism 5. The transmission mechanism 5 includes a gear 51 that meshes with the rack 21. A first-stage rod 52 is fixed to the bottom of the gear 51. A second-stage rod 53 is slidably connected inside the first-stage rod 52. A third-stage rod 54 is slidably connected inside the second-stage rod 53. A locking block 58 is installed inside the housing 11 on one side of the first-stage rod 52. A clamping arm 591 is fixed to the bottom side wall of the third-stage rod 54.

[0049] The bottom end of the three-stage rod 54 is equipped with a capping mechanism 6. The capping mechanism 6 includes a top cover 61 that is slidably connected to the bottom of the three-stage rod 54. A top block 68 is fixed on the top of the top cover 61. The top block 68 is engaged with the locking block 58. A crossbar 65 is slidably connected inside the top block 68. A connecting hook 67 is fixed at one end of the crossbar 65.

[0050] A primary sampling mechanism 7 is installed in the inner cavity 15. The primary sampling mechanism 7 includes an outer tube 71 that is slidably connected to the inner cavity 15. The bottom side wall of the outer tube 71 is provided with a water inlet 78, and a sealing block 79 is slidably connected inside the water inlet 78.

[0051] A secondary sampling mechanism 8 is installed inside the outer tube 71. The secondary sampling mechanism 8 includes an inner tube 81 that is slidably connected inside the outer tube 71. The top end of the inner tube 81 is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the third-stage rod 54. The top end of the inner tube 81 is provided with a connecting buckle 82, and the connecting buckle 82 is engaged with the connecting hook 67. A counterweight 894 is installed at the bottom end of the inner tube 81. A sliding column 83 is installed inside the inner tube 81. A connecting rod 84 is slidably connected inside the sliding column 83, and the bottom end of the connecting rod 84 is slidably connected to the inside of the counterweight 894. A sealing door 88 is fixed at the bottom end of the connecting rod 84. The sealing door 88 abuts against the inner wall of the inner tube 81. A sampling port 89 and a drain port 891 are symmetrically provided on the bottom side wall of the inner tube 81.

[0052] Before use, a rope is attached to the rack 21. The sampler first throws the device into the target water body. Since high-turbidity water may contain hard objects such as rocks and solid particles (and because the target is high-turbidity water, the underwater conditions cannot be fully understood), to avoid damage to the sampling equipment during the throwing process, the primary sampling mechanism 7 and the secondary sampling mechanism 8 are installed inside the housing 11. Furthermore, the surface of the housing 11 is equipped with a cushioning pad 17 to further protect the internal equipment and prevent damage. The housing 11 and the pad 17 are large in size but lightweight, and the directional block 14 has a frustum-shaped structure with a large top and small bottom. Combined with the relatively heavy counterweight 894, the entire device can quickly adjust its attitude after landing on the water surface, maintaining a stable position in the water. Figure 1 The posture shown allows for better execution of subsequent tasks.

[0053] Pulling the rope causes the rack 21 to slide outward from the top plate 12. The rack 21 drives the first-stage rod 52 to rotate via the gear 51. The second-stage rod 53 and the third-stage rod 54 inside the first-stage rod 52 rotate synchronously. When the first-stage rod 52 rotates, it pushes the locking block 58 to slide away from the first-stage rod 52, releasing the connection between the locking block 58 and the top block 68, thereby releasing the top cover 61. The bottom 67 of the top cover 61 engages with the connecting buckle 82 on the top surface of the inner tube 81. The top cover 61 and the second-stage sampling mechanism 8 form a whole. After the top cover 61 is released, under the pushing force of the first spring 13 and the gravity of the counterweight 894, the first-stage sampling mechanism 7 and the second-stage sampling mechanism 8 slide downward together with the top cover 61 (according to the appendix). Figure 3 (The same applies below) At the same time, the secondary rod 53 and the tertiary rod 54 slide out from the primary rod 52 step by step. The outer tube 71 slides down to the point where the first spring 13 reaches its natural length and stops. The outer tube 71 is exposed to the water. Then the counterweight 894 drives the top cover 61 and the secondary sampling mechanism 8 to continue sliding down. When the top cover 61 touches the top surface of the outer tube 71, the crossbar 65 inside the top cover 61 slides towards the axis of the top cover 61, and at the same time drives the connecting hook 67 to slide together, releasing the engagement with the connecting buckle 82, thereby separating from the inner tube 81. The top cover 61 remains on the top of the outer tube 71, sealing the top of the outer tube 71 and preventing the sample from flowing out from the top of the outer tube 71 during sampling. The secondary sampling mechanism 8 continues to slide downwards along the outer tube 71. Since the inner tube 81 is against the inner wall of the outer tube 71, the inlet 78 is blocked by the inner tube 81 and cannot introduce the sample. The inner tube 81 slides to the bottom of the outer tube 71 and stops. The inlet 78 is no longer blocked by the inner tube 81. The sample enters the outer tube 71 through the inlet 78. The sample entering the outer tube 71 opens the sampling port 89 at the bottom of the inner tube 81 through buoyancy, thus starting the sampling of the inner tube 81. The primary sampling mechanism 7 and the secondary sampling mechanism 8 have different depths, so water samples at different depths in the same area can be collected.

[0054] When the inner tube 81 slides to the bottom of the outer tube 71, the clamping arm 591 at the bottom of the three-stage rod 54 engages with the sealing block 79. After the outer tube 71 and the inner tube 81 are filled with water sample, their weight increases, and the outer tube 71 will continue to descend to the bottom of the adjusting block 14, thereby releasing the locking of the anti-slip mechanism 4 to the rack 21. Then, the rope is pulled, and the rack 21 continues to drive the transmission mechanism 5 to rotate, causing the clamping arm 591 to drive the sealing block 79 to slide in the inner wall of the outer tube 71 until the sealing block 79 closes the sampling port 89. After the inner tube 81 is filled with water sample, the float 893 on the sliding column 83 rises to the top and drives the connecting rod 84 to slide upward. The connecting rod 84 drives the sealing door 88 to close the sampling port 89.

[0055] Example 2 is an explanation based on Example 1. For details, please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 1-13 The protection mechanism 1 also includes a first spring 13 installed in the inner cavity 15, and the bottom end of the first spring 13 is installed on the top surface of the outer tube 71. The side of the inner cavity 15 is provided with a side groove 16.

[0056] The control mechanism 2 also includes a slot 22 that passes through the outer end of the rack 21. The bottom surface of the outer end of the rack 21 is provided with a limiting tooth 23. The inner end of the rack 21 is elastically connected to the inside of the top plate 12 through a second spring 24. A stop block 25 is fixed on the bottom surface of the inner end of the rack 21. A stop groove 26 is provided on the stop block 25.

[0057] The housing 11 is provided with a locking mechanism 3, which includes a water cavity 31. Two water cavities 31 are symmetrically arranged inside the housing 11 and both water cavities 31 are connected to the outside of the housing 11. A float 32 is installed inside each of the two water cavities 31. A long rod 33 is fixed to the top of one of the floats 32 and is slidably connected to the inside of the housing 11. A third spring 34 is installed on the long rod 33. A limit hook 35 is fixed to the upper end of the long rod 33 and is engaged with a limit tooth 23. A plug 36 is fixed to the top of the long rod 33 and is engaged with a slot 22.

[0058] An anti-slip mechanism 4 is installed inside the housing 11. The anti-slip mechanism 4 includes an anti-slip rod 41 installed on the top surface of another float 32. The top end of the anti-slip rod 41 is engaged with the stop groove 26, and a third spring 34 is also installed on the anti-slip rod 41. A release rod 42 is fixed in the middle of the anti-slip rod 41.

[0059] The transmission mechanism 5 also includes a cross groove 55. The inner walls of the first-stage rod 52 and the second-stage rod 53 are provided with cross grooves 55. The top of the outer walls of the second-stage rod 53 and the third-stage rod 54 are fixed with cross blocks 56. The cross blocks 56 on the second-stage rod 53 are slidably connected to the cross groove 55 on the first-stage rod 52. The cross blocks 56 on the third-stage rod 54 are slidably connected to the cross groove 55 on the second-stage rod 53. The outer wall of the first-stage rod 52 is fixed with a stop block 57. A fourth spring 59 is installed on the side of the locking block 58.

[0060] Due to the combined effects of gravity and buoyancy, most of the entire device is submerged in water, which enters the water chamber 31, causing the float 32 to move upwards (according to the attached diagram). Figure 3 (The location, the same below), as shown in the attached document. Figure 3 On the left side, float 32 drives long rod 33 to slide upward. Long rod 33 compresses third spring 34, simultaneously moving limit hook 35 and plug 36 upward. Plug 36 slides out of slot 22, releasing the lock on rack 21. At the same time, limit hook 35 engages with limit tooth 23 at the bottom of rack 21. Limit tooth 23 prevents rack 21 from sliding to the right but does not prevent it from sliding to the left. Figure 3 On the right side, the float 32 drives the anti-slip rod 41 to slide upward, and the release rod 42 follows the anti-slip rod 41 to slide upward. The top of the anti-slip rod 41 abuts against the stop block 25 at the bottom of the rack 21. The rack 21 slides to the left, causing the limiting tooth 23 and the stop block 25 to move to the left. When the rack 21 drives the transmission mechanism 5 to slide to the left until the stop block 57 on the first-stage rod 52 pushes open the locking block 58, the top of the anti-slip rod 41 just inserts into the stop groove 26, stopping the rack 21. At this time, the anti-slip rod 41 drives the release rod 42 to rise again, so that the bottom end of the release rod 42 just reaches the bottom end of the side groove 16; the sliding of the locking block 58 compresses the fourth spring 59. At this time, the top cover 61, the first-stage sampling mechanism 7 and the second-stage sampling mechanism 8 are just released. During the sliding process of the primary sampling mechanism 7 and the secondary sampling mechanism 8 from the inside of the inner cavity 15 to the outside of the housing 11, the inner tube 81 drives the secondary rod 53 to slide from the primary rod 52 through the tertiary rod 54. The cross blocks 56 on the outside of the secondary rod 53 and the tertiary rod 54 slide in the cross grooves 55 on the inner walls of the primary rod 52 and the secondary rod 53, respectively. The cooperation between the cross grooves 55 and the cross blocks 56 can prevent relative rotation between the primary rod 52, the secondary rod 53 and the tertiary rod 54 without affecting the up and down sliding.

[0061] Example 3 is an explanation based on Example 1. For details, please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 1-13 The capping mechanism 6 also includes insert blocks 62 fixed on both sides of the top cover 61. A limiting groove 63 is provided through the insert block 62. A push post 64 is slidably connected to the inner side of the insert block 62. The top end of the push post 64 abuts against the other end of the crossbar 65. The crossbar 65 is elastically connected to the inside of the top cover 61 through a fifth spring 66.

[0062] The primary sampling mechanism 7 also includes a slot 72 located at the top of the outer tube 71, and a plug 62 is slidably connected to the slot 72. A push block 73 is fixed inside the slot 72, and the push block 73 abuts against the push post 64. A slider 74 is slidably connected inside the top end of the outer tube 71. The slider 74 is elastically connected to the top end of the outer tube 71 through a sixth spring 77. A limit block 75 is fixed at one end of the slider 74 and is engaged in the limit groove 63. A pressure block 76 is fixed at the other end of the slider 74 and abuts against the outer wall of the inner tube 81. A release hook 791 is fixed on the top surface of the outer tube 71 and abuts against the release rod 42.

[0063] The secondary sampling mechanism 8 also includes a seventh spring 85 sleeved on the connecting rod 84. A push plate 86 is fixed to the top of the connecting rod 84. A float 87 is slidably connected to the sliding column 83. A sealing plate 892 is slidably connected inside the inner tube 81 on the side near the sealing door 88. The top of the sealing plate 892 protrudes from the top of the inner tube 81. A float 893 is installed on the top of the sealing plate 892.

[0064] When the top cover 61 slides down to abut the top surface of the outer tube 71, the insert blocks 62 and push pins 64 on both sides of the top cover 61 enter the slots 72. At the same time, the push pins 64 are pushed upward by the push blocks 73 (according to the orientation of the transmission mechanism 5 in the attached diagram). The push pins 64 press the crossbar 65 to the right. The crossbar 65 compresses the fifth spring 66 and drives the connecting hook 67 to slide to the right, so that the connecting hook 67 is disengaged from the connecting buckle 82, thereby releasing the secondary sampling mechanism 8. Then the inner tube 81 moves along the inside of the outer tube 71 towards the... As the inner tube 81 slides down, once the outer wall of the inner tube 81 no longer touches the pressure block 76, the sixth spring 77 drives the slider 74, the limiting block 75, and the pressure block 76 to slide to the right together, causing the limiting block 75 to insert into the limiting groove 63 and lock the top cover 61. The bottom surfaces of the limiting groove 63 and the limiting block 75 are both designed as matching slopes. The deeper the limiting block 75 enters the limiting groove 63, the greater the downward pressure on the top cover 61, and the better the seal between the top cover 61 and the outer tube 71, effectively preventing water sample leakage.

[0065] As the outer tube 71 slides downward from the inner cavity 15, its top release hook 791 slides down together, and the release hook 791 slides within the side groove 16. When the first spring 13 reaches its natural length as the outer tube 71 slides down (when the primary sampling mechanism 7 and the secondary sampling mechanism 8 are in the inner cavity 15, the first spring 13 is in a compressed state), the release hook 791 stops along with the outer tube 71, and the release hook 791 reaches the bottom of 16 and abuts against the bottom of the release rod 42; then the outer tube 7... After the slot 72 is filled with water sample, its weight increases and it continues to descend. The first spring 13 extends until the outer tube 71 descends to the bottom of the adjusting block 14. During this process, the outer tube 71 pulls the release rod 42 downward through the release hook 791, thereby driving the anti-slip rod 41 to slide downward, and then the top of the anti-slip rod 41 slides out from 26. The lock of the anti-slip rod 41 on the rack 21 is released. Then the sampler pulls the rope on the rack 21 again, which can realize that the clamping arm 591 drives the sealing block 79 to seal the water inlet 78.

[0066] After the water sample enters the outer tube 71, the float plate 893 at the top of the inner tube 81 is affected by buoyancy, which drives the sealing plate 892 to rise, thereby opening the sampling port 89. This setting ensures that the inner tube 81 can only be sampled after the outer tube 71 has completely slid out of the outer tube 71 and the outer tube 71 has started sampling. This ensures that the vertical distance between the inlet 78 and the sampling port 89 is maximized, thereby reducing the mutual influence of the water samples. During the sampling process of the inner tube 81, as the amount of water sample in the inner tube 81 increases, the float plate 87 on the sliding column 83 rises until the inner tube 81 is full of water sample. The float plate 87 rises to the top of the sliding column 83. When the float plate 87 rises to the top, it pushes the push plate 86 to make the connecting rod 84 rise. The connecting rod 84 compresses the seventh spring 85, and the connecting rod 84 drives the sealing gate 88 at its bottom to rise, thereby closing the sampling port 89.

[0067] The bottom end of the outer tube 71 is also provided with a drain outlet 891 sealed by a plug. The sampler can open the plug to take out the water sample in the inner tube 81; push the rack 21 in the opposite direction to drive the transmission mechanism 5 to reverse, and drive the sealing block 79 to slide through the clamp arm 591 at the bottom of the three-stage rod 54, thereby opening the water inlet 78 and taking out the water sample in the outer tube 71.

[0068] This embodiment also discloses a method for collecting aquatic organism eDNA samples in high-turbidity water bodies, including the following steps:

[0069] S1: A pull rope is attached to the rack 21. When collecting water samples from a distance, the sampler throws the entire device into the target water body. The adjusting block 14 and the counterweight block 894 will cause the entire device to quickly adjust its attitude after entering the water and float vertically in the water.

[0070] S2: After entering the water, the buoyancy of the water causes the locking mechanism 3 to release the lock on the rack 21, the anti-slip mechanism 4 moves upward, pulls the rope connected to the rack 21, drives the transmission mechanism 5 to rotate, thereby releasing the primary sampling mechanism 7 and the secondary sampling mechanism 8. At the same time, the anti-slip mechanism 4 restricts the rack 21 from continuing to slide.

[0071] S3: The primary sampling mechanism 7 and the secondary sampling mechanism 8 slide out in sequence, and the water inlet 78 on the outer pipe 71 and the sampling port 89 on the inner pipe 81 are opened to conduct water sampling.

[0072] S4: After the outer tube 71 is filled with sample, the anti-slip mechanism 4 is unlocked at the same time. Continue to pull the rope connected to the rack 21. The transmission mechanism 5 closes the water inlet 78. After the inner tube 81 is filled with sample, the sampling port 89 is automatically closed. The sampler pulls the rope to drag the entire device back.

[0073] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is impossible to exhaustively list all the implementation methods here. All obvious variations or modifications derived from the technical solutions of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for collecting eDNA samples of aquatic organisms in highly turbid water, comprising a protection mechanism (1), characterized in that: The protection mechanism (1) comprises a shell (11), a top plate (12) is fixed on the top surface of the shell (11), a steering block (14) is installed on the bottom of the shell (11), an inner cavity (15) is provided inside the shell (11), and a protective pad (17) is provided on the surface of the shell (11); A control mechanism (2) is installed inside the top plate (12), and the control mechanism (2) comprises a rack (21) slidably connected to the inside of the top plate (12); A transmission mechanism (5) is installed inside the housing (11), and the transmission mechanism (5) comprises a gear (51) meshingly connected with the rack (21); a primary rod (52) is fixed at the bottom of the gear (51); a secondary rod (53) is slidably connected inside the primary rod (52); a tertiary rod (54) is slidably connected inside the secondary rod (53); a locking block (58) is installed in the housing (11) on one side of the primary rod (52); and a clamping arm (591) is fixed to the side wall of the bottom end of the tertiary rod (54); A capping mechanism (6) is installed at the bottom end of the three-stage rod (54), and the capping mechanism (6) includes a top cover (61) slidably connected to the bottom of the three-stage rod (54), a top block (68) is fixed on the top of the top cover (61), the top block (68) is snap-connected with the locking block (58), a cross bar (65) is slidably connected inside the top block (68), and a connecting hook (67) is fixed at one end of the cross bar (65); A primary sampling mechanism (7) is installed in the inner cavity (15), and the primary sampling mechanism (7) comprises an outer tube (71) slidably connected to the inner cavity (15), a water inlet (78) is provided on the side wall of the bottom end of the outer tube (71), and a sealing block (79) is slidably connected in the water inlet (78); A secondary sampling mechanism (8) is installed in the outer tube (71), and the secondary sampling mechanism (8) includes an inner tube (81) slidably connected to the inner part of the outer tube (71), the top end of the inner tube (81) is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the three-stage rod (54), the top end of the inner tube (81) is provided with a connecting buckle (82), and the connecting buckle (82) is engaged and connected with the connecting hook (67), and the bottom end of the inner tube (81) is installed with a counterweight block (81). 94), a sliding column (83) is installed inside the inner tube (81), a connecting rod (84) is slidably connected inside the sliding column (83), and the bottom end of the connecting rod (84) is slidably connected to the inside of the counterweight block (894), a sealing door (88) is fixed at the bottom end of the connecting rod (84), and the sealing door (88) abuts against the inner wall of the inner tube (81), and the bottom end side wall of the inner tube (81) is symmetrically provided with a sampling port (89) and a drainage port (891).

2. The aquatic organism eDNA sample collection device for high turbidity water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protection mechanism (1) further comprises a first spring (13) installed in the inner cavity (15), and the bottom end of the first spring (13) is installed on the top surface of the outer tube (71), and a side groove (16) is provided on the side surface of the inner cavity (15).

3. The aquatic organism eDNA sample collection device for high turbidity water according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control mechanism (2) further comprises a slot (22) penetrating the outer end of the rack (21); a limit tooth (23) is provided on the outer end bottom surface of the rack (21); the inner end of the rack (21) is elastically connected to the inside of the top plate (12) via a second spring (24); a stop block (25) is fixed to the inner end bottom surface of the rack (21); and a stop slot (26) is provided on the stop block (25).

4. The aquatic organism eDNA sample collection device for high turbidity water according to claim 3, characterized in that: The housing (11) is provided with a locking mechanism (3), the locking mechanism (3) comprising a water chamber (31), two water chambers (31) being symmetrically arranged inside the housing (11), and both of the water chambers (31) being communicated with the outside of the housing (11), and both of the water chambers (31) being installed with a floating block (32), a long rod (33) being fixed on the top of one of the floating blocks (32), and the long rod (33) being slidably connected to the inside of the housing (11), a third spring (34) being installed on the long rod (33), a limiting hook (35) being fixed on the upper end of the long rod (33), the limiting hook (35) being snap-connected with the limiting tooth (23), a plug (36) being fixed on the top of the long rod (33), and the plug (36) being snap-connected with the slot (22).

5. The aquatic organism eDNA sample collection device for high turbidity water according to claim 4, characterized in that: An anti-slip mechanism (4) is installed inside the shell (11), and the anti-slip mechanism (4) includes an anti-slip rod (41) installed on the top surface of another floating block (32), the top end of the anti-slip rod (41) is snap-connected in the stop groove (26), and a third spring (34) is also installed on the anti-slip rod (41), and a release rod (42) is fixed in the middle of the anti-slip rod (41).

6. The aquatic organism eDNA sample collection device for high turbidity water according to claim 5, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism (5) further comprises a cross groove (55), the inner walls of the primary rod (52) and the secondary rod (53) are provided with a cross groove (55), the top ends of the outer walls of the secondary rod (53) and the tertiary rod (54) are fixed with a cross block (56), the cross block (56) on the secondary rod (53) is slidably connected to the cross groove (55) on the primary rod (52), the cross block (56) on the tertiary rod (54) is slidably connected to the cross groove (55) on the secondary rod (53), a stop block (57) is fixed to the outer wall of the primary rod (52), and a fourth spring (59) is installed on the side of the locking block (58).

7. The aquatic organism eDNA sample collection device for high turbidity water according to claim 6, characterized in that: The capping mechanism (6) further comprises an insert block (62) fixed on both sides of the top cover (61), a limit groove (63) penetrating the insert block (62), a push column (64) slidably connected to the inner side of the insert block (62), the top end of the push column (64) abuts against the other end of the cross bar (65), and the cross bar (65) is elastically connected to the inside of the top cover (61) via a fifth spring (66).

8. The aquatic organism eDNA sample collection device for high turbidity water according to claim 7, characterized in that: The primary sampling mechanism (7) further comprises a slot (72) arranged at the top of the outer tube (71), and the insert block (62) is slidably connected in the slot (72), a push block (73) is fixed in the slot (72), and the push block (73) abuts against the push column (64), a slider (74) is slidably connected inside the top end of the outer tube (71), and the slider (74) is elastically connected to the top end of the outer tube (71) through a sixth spring (77), a limiting block (75) is fixed at one end of the slider (74), and the limiting block (75) is snap-connected in the limiting groove (63), a pressing block (76) is fixed at the other end of the slider (74), and the pressing block (76) abuts against the outer wall of the inner tube (81), and a release hook (791) is fixed on the top surface of the outer tube (71), and the release hook (791) abuts against the release rod (42).

9. The aquatic organism eDNA sample collection device for high turbidity water according to claim 8, characterized in that: The secondary sampling mechanism (8) also includes a seventh spring (85) sleeved on the connecting rod (84), a push plate (86) is fixed to the top end of the connecting rod (84), a floating plate (87) is slidably connected to the sliding column (83), a sealing plate (892) is slidably connected to the inside of the inner tube (81) on one side close to the sealing door (88), the top of the sealing plate (892) protrudes from the top of the inner tube (81), and a floating plate (893) is installed on the top of the sealing plate (892).

10. The sample collection method of the aquatic organism eDNA sample collection device for high turbidity water body according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: A pull rope is tied to the rack (21). When collecting water samples from a distance, the sampler throws the entire device into the target water body. The direction adjustment block (14) and the counterweight block (894) enable the entire device to quickly adjust its posture after entering the water and float vertically in the water. S2: After entering the water, the buoyancy of the water causes the locking mechanism (3) to release the lock on the rack (21), and the anti-slip mechanism (4) moves upward, pulling the rope connected to the rack (21), driving the transmission mechanism (5) to rotate, thereby releasing the primary sampling mechanism (7) and the secondary sampling mechanism (8), and at the same time the anti-slip mechanism (4) limits the rack (21) from continuing to slide; S3: the primary sampling mechanism (7) and the secondary sampling mechanism (8) slide out in sequence, the water inlet (78) on the outer tube (71) and the sampling port (89) on the inner tube (81) are opened, and water sampling is performed; S4: After the outer tube (71) is filled with samples, the anti-slip mechanism (4) is unlocked at the same time, and the rope connected to the rack (21) is continuously pulled, and the transmission mechanism (5) closes the water inlet (78). After the inner tube (81) is filled with samples, the sampling port (89) is automatically closed, and the sampler pulls the rope to drag the entire device back.

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