Fixing tooling and electrode production method based on friction stir additive manufacturing electrode

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of stir friction welding additive manufacturing, and discloses a fixed tooling and an electrode production method for manufacturing electrodes based on stir friction additive manufacturing. The fixed tooling includes: a substrate fixing plate, on which a substrate mounting position is provided; and a table, on which the substrate fixing plate is detachably mounted. The electrode production method includes the following steps: S1: placing the substrate on the substrate fixing plate; S2: heating the substrate mounting position using a heating device; S3: supplying a coolant to a cooling nozzle in the fixed tooling to cool the substrate and / or the additive structure on the substrate through the flowing coolant. The advantages of the present invention are that, on the one hand, it saves raw materials, improves the utilization rate of raw materials, and reduces the waste of raw materials; on the other hand, it simplifies the manufacturing process, can be formed in one step, and omits the part of cutting off the excess, which saves time and reduces the probability of damaging the negative pole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of friction stir additive manufacturing, and in particular, relates to a fixing tool for manufacturing electrodes based on friction stir additive manufacturing and an electrode production method. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, the manufacturing process of the negative electrode column is usually to process metal materials into the negative electrode column through processes such as extrusion, stretching or cold heading. After forming, it may be necessary to remove the excess parts on the negative electrode column, such as the boss margin, etc., which can be done by cutting equipment. Figure 4 As shown, the conventional negative electrode manufacturing method requires first laying a layer of deposition (deposition includes attachment) on the substrate 01. Figure 4 The negative electrode column 02 and the cutting margin 03 in the embodiment are formed, and then the cutting margin 03 is removed by cutting or other methods, so as to finally obtain the negative electrode column 02. However, this method is not only cumbersome in steps and complex in process, but also requires high cutting precision, otherwise the negative electrode column may be damaged, and the cut margin also wastes materials.

[0003] Friction Stir Additive Manufacturing (FSAM) is a 3D printing technology developed based on the principle of friction stir welding. It uses the stirring friction between the stirring needle, additive raw materials and connectors to generate heat, soften the materials at the connection, and then connect the materials together through axial pressure. Electrode manufacturing through the friction stir additive process can save the cutting process, simplify the steps and avoid waste, but there is no related manufacturing process in the prior art, and there is also a lack of fixed tooling suitable for the friction stir additive process in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, one object of the present invention is to provide a fixture and electrode production method based on stir friction additive manufacturing electrode.

[0005] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a fixing tool for manufacturing an electrode based on friction stir additive manufacturing includes: a substrate fixing plate, on which a substrate mounting position is provided; a table top, on which the substrate fixing plate is detachably mounted, a cooling nozzle is provided on the table top, and the cooling nozzle faces the substrate mounting position; and a heating device, wherein the heating surface of the heating device is in contact with the substrate mounting position.

[0006] The advantage of the present invention over the prior art is that the present invention manufactures the negative electrode column by using the process of stir friction additive, which saves raw materials, improves the utilization rate of raw materials, and reduces the waste of raw materials; on the other hand, it simplifies the manufacturing process, can be formed in one step, omitting the part of cutting the excess, which saves time and reduces the probability of damaging the negative electrode column. The setting of the fixed tool 10 provides a manufacturing space for stir friction additive.

[0007] The present invention also proposes an electrode production method, which is implemented using the fixed tooling, and the production method includes the following steps: S1: placing a substrate on the substrate fixing plate; S2: heating the substrate mounting position using a heating device; S3: supplying coolant through a cooling nozzle in the fixed tooling to cool the substrate and / or the additive structure on the substrate through the flowing coolant.

[0008] The advantages described above are the same as those mentioned above over the prior art and will not be repeated here.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present invention, step S3 comprises: additively manufacturing the electrode on a copper substrate by continuous forming of aluminum metal.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the substrate mounting position of the fixing tool includes a bottom plate and a plurality of limiting portions, wherein the limiting portions are connected to the edge of the bottom plate and extend upward, and the plurality of limiting portions are arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction to form a drainage groove between two of the limiting portions.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, step S3 comprises: continuously injecting cooling liquid onto the substrate and surrounding the substrate and / or the additive structure (100) with the cooling liquid to cool them, wherein the cooling liquid removes the heat on the substrate and / or the additive structure from the drainage groove.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the step S3 further includes S301: selecting a stirring head: selecting a corresponding stirring head with a needle or a stirring head without a needle according to the additive substrate and / or the additive structure.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the additive method adopts wire feeding friction stir additive technology.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, when a needle stirring head is selected for friction stir additive, the stirring head includes a shaft shoulder, a screw and a stirring needle arranged at the bottom end of the screw, and step S3 includes: S302: inserting the wire into the wire feeding hole until the front end of the wire contacts the screw; driving the screw to rotate, and placing the stirring head on the surface of the substrate; S303: after the wire enters the shaft shoulder, it is cut into particles under the cutting action of the spiral groove of the screw, and these particles are transferred downward by the screw, and the shaft shoulder and the screw make the particles enter a pre-plasticized state. When the particles reach the surface of the substrate below, they stir and rub with the substrate, and are further mixed with the substrate material under the stirring action of the stirring needle, diffused and deposited on the surface of the substrate area to be added; S304: the stirring head moves along the set path in the area to be added on the surface of the substrate to achieve a single-layer material coating in the area to be added; S305: repeating the single-layer material coating in the area to be added to achieve multi-layer material coating until the required additive height is reached.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the needle stirring head moves by vertically pulling up to achieve material coating in the area to be added.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the present invention, an upwardly extending water baffle is provided on the edge of the table top of the fixing tool, and the water baffle is arranged around the substrate fixing plate to form a closed enclosed space around the substrate fixing plate; step S3 includes: controlling the flow rate of the coolant entering the enclosed space to be greater than the flow rate of the coolant flowing out of the enclosed space; and controlling the liquid level in the enclosed space to always be lower than the upper surface height of the additive structure.

[0017] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fixing tool of some embodiments of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a substrate mounting position of an electrode fixing tool of some embodiments of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrode manufacturing substrate according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4It is a structural schematic diagram of an electrode manufacturing substrate in the prior art.

[0023] Reference numerals:

[0024] Fixture 10; fixture base 11; water baffle 12; substrate fixing plate 13; water guide surface 131; substrate mounting position 132; substrate groove 1321; drainage groove 1322; gripper 133; fixing clamp 14; lifting ring 15; substrate 01; negative pole 02; cutting allowance 03; shaft shoulder 04; screw 05; wire 06; stirring needle 07. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0026] In the prior art, the manufacturing process of the negative electrode column is usually to process metal materials into the negative electrode column through processes such as extrusion, stretching or cold heading. After forming, it may be necessary to remove the excess parts on the negative electrode column, such as the boss margin, etc., which can be done by cutting equipment. Figure 4 As shown, the conventional negative electrode manufacturing method requires first laying a layer of deposition (deposition includes attachment) on the substrate 01. Figure 4 The negative electrode column 02 and the cutting margin 03 in the embodiment are formed, and then the cutting margin 03 is removed by cutting or other methods, so as to finally obtain the negative electrode column 02. However, this method is not only cumbersome in steps and complex in process, but also requires high cutting precision, otherwise the negative electrode column may be damaged, and the cut margin also wastes materials.

[0027] To solve the above technical problems, refer to Figure 1-Figure 4 The fixing tooling for manufacturing electrodes based on friction stir additive manufacturing according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a substrate fixing plate 13, a tooling base 11 and a heating device. The substrate fixing plate 13 is provided with a substrate mounting position 132. The substrate 01 used for additive manufacturing is arranged on the substrate mounting position 132 and fixed in cooperation with the substrate fixing plate 13. The substrate mounting position 132 provides an additive space for the substrate 01. The substrate mounting position 132 is suitable for being configured into a shape that is compatible with the structure of the substrate 01, thereby fixing the substrate 01 and preventing the substrate 01 from shifting or shaking during the process of friction stir additive manufacturing. In some embodiments, the substrate fixing plate 13 can be detachably mounted on the tooling base 11, such as Figure 1In the example shown, the substrate fixing plate 13 is fixed to the tooling base 11 by a fixing clamp 14. When material addition is required, the substrate fixing plate 13 can be fixed to the tooling base 11 by the fixing clamp 14. When material addition is not required, the fixing clamp 14 can be opened to remove the substrate fixing plate 13.

[0028] The heating device is arranged below the substrate fixing plate 13, and the heating surface of the heating device is attached to the substrate mounting position 132, and is used to heat the substrate and the deposited material during the friction stirring additive manufacturing. For example, taking the substrate as copper material and the additive material as aluminum material as an example, the generation of aluminum-copper compounds can be improved, the connection strength of aluminum-copper can be improved, and the material can be softened and reach a certain plastic state. This plastic state enables the stirring needle to easily stir and mix in the material, and helps to achieve uniform additive manufacturing of the material, ensuring the quality and performance of the product. Appropriate heating temperature helps to promote the connection between materials. In the friction stirring additive manufacturing, the stirring needle 07 and the additive raw material generate friction heat on the surface of the substrate material, so that the material softens and reaches the temperature required for connection. This connection method can avoid defects such as thermal cracks and pores that may occur in traditional welding methods, and improve the connection quality and stability of the product. On the other hand, by setting a heating device, the time of friction stirring can be shortened, the work efficiency can be improved, and the substrate 01 and the deposited material can be plasticized and fused as quickly as possible.

[0029] In some embodiments, a cooling nozzle is provided on the table of the tooling base 11, and the cooling nozzle is facing the substrate mounting position 132, and is used to spray water to cool down the substrate 01 during the friction stir additive stage. This can play a role in rapid cooling and solidification. Water spray cooling can quickly reduce the temperature of the welding area, so that the additive part is quickly solidified. This helps to maintain the stability of the welding area and avoid excessive softening or deformation of the material at high temperatures. In addition, during the friction stir additive process, residual stress may be generated inside the material due to local heating and rapid cooling. Water spray cooling can more accurately control the cooling rate, thereby reducing the size and distribution of residual stress and improving the stability and durability of the additive connection structure.

[0030] The table top is also provided with a water baffle 12, which is arranged at the edge of the table top to prevent water from flowing out from the periphery of the table top. The water baffle 12 is arranged around the substrate fixing plate 13 to form a closed space around the substrate fixing plate 13. The tooling base 11 is also provided with a water outlet, so that the water sprayed by the cooling nozzle can be discharged in a centralized manner. Since a heating device is also arranged under the substrate fixing plate 13, if the water sprayed by the cooling nozzle is allowed to flow freely, it is inevitable to affect the heating device or other components. By providing the water baffle 12, the water can be prevented from flowing freely, which is convenient for centralized treatment.

[0031] The substrate fixing plate 13 is also provided with a water guide surface 131. A groove is provided on the substrate fixing plate 13. The bottom surface of the groove is the water guide surface 131. The extension direction of the water guide surface is at an angle to the horizontal direction. The water guide surface 131 is constructed as an inclined slope. One side of the groove has no side wall for water discharge. The height of the water guide surface 131 close to the side without the side wall is the lowest. The groove can accommodate a single or multiple substrate mounting positions 132. The substrate mounting positions 132 are arranged on the water guide surface 131. Therefore, when the cooling nozzle sprays water to cool the substrate mounting position 132, the residual water will flow out along the water guide surface 131 and will not accumulate on the substrate fixing plate 13.

[0032] The substrate mounting position 132 is provided with a substrate groove 1321 and a drainage groove 1322. The substrate groove 1321 is provided on the top surface of the substrate mounting position 132, and may be located at the center of the top surface of the substrate mounting position 132. The shape of the substrate groove 1321 matches the substrate 01 and is suitable for fixing the substrate 01. The drainage groove 1322 is provided at the edge of the substrate mounting position 132 and is connected to the substrate groove 1321 to ensure that water in the substrate groove 1321 can flow out through the drainage groove 1322.

[0033] The present invention manufactures the negative electrode column by using the process of stir friction additive, which saves raw materials, improves the utilization rate of raw materials, and reduces the waste of raw materials. On the other hand, it simplifies the manufacturing process, can be formed in one step, and omits the part of cutting the excess, which saves time and reduces the probability of damaging the negative electrode column. The setting of the fixed tool 10 provides a manufacturing space for stir friction additive.

[0034] According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for producing an electrode, the production method comprising the steps of:

[0035] S1: placing the substrate 01 on the substrate fixing plate 13;

[0036] S2: heating the substrate mounting position 132 using a heating device;

[0037] The heating device is used to heat the substrate and the deposited material during friction stir additive manufacturing. For example, if the substrate is copper material and the additive is aluminum material, it can improve the production of aluminum-copper compounds and improve the aluminum-copper connection strength. It can also help the substrate 01 and the deposited material soften and reach a certain plastic state. This plastic state enables the stirring needle to easily stir and mix in the material, and helps to achieve uniform material addition, ensuring the quality and performance of the product. Appropriate heating temperature helps promote the connection between materials. In friction stir additive manufacturing, the stirring needle and the additive raw material generate friction heat on the surface of the substrate material, which softens the material and reaches the temperature required for connection. This connection method can avoid defects such as thermal cracks and pores that may occur in traditional welding methods, and improve the connection quality and stability of the product. On the other hand, by setting a heating device, the time of stirring friction can be shortened, the work efficiency can be improved, and the substrate 01 and the deposited material can be plasticized and fused as quickly as possible.

[0038] S3: The cooling nozzle in the fixed tool 10 supplies cooling liquid to cool the substrate 01 and / or the additive structure on the substrate 01 through the flowing cooling liquid.

[0039] According to one embodiment of the present invention, step S3 includes: additively manufacturing the electrode on a copper substrate by continuous forming of aluminum metal. Copper material has extremely high electrical conductivity, much higher than other metals such as iron and zinc. This means that the use of a negative electrode column made of copper can greatly improve the conductivity of lithium batteries, ensure stable current transmission, and reduce losses caused by resistance. However, it is not limited to this, and composite structures such as copper-aluminum, aluminum-aluminum, aluminum-magnesium, magnesium-copper, and aluminum-steel can also be used, without limitation here.

[0040] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the substrate mounting position 132 of the fixing tool 10 includes a bottom plate and a plurality of limiting portions, the limiting portions are connected to the edge of the bottom plate and extend upward, and the plurality of limiting portions are arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction to form a drainage groove 1322 between two of the limiting portions. Due to the arrangement of the drainage groove 1322, water in the substrate mounting position 132 and the deposition material located in the substrate mounting position 132 can be drained, thereby preventing water from being deposited at the substrate mounting position 132 and affecting additive manufacturing.

[0041] According to one embodiment of the present invention, step S3 includes: continuously injecting coolant on the substrate 01 and surrounding the substrate 01 and / or the additive structure with the coolant to cool it, and the coolant takes the heat on the substrate 01 and / or the additive structure out of the drain groove 1322. The additive structure can be a negative pole 02, or other structures. Injecting coolant can play a role in rapid cooling and solidification, and can quickly reduce the temperature of the additive area so that the additive part is quickly solidified. This helps to maintain the stability of the additive area and avoid excessive softening or deformation of the material at high temperature. In addition, during the friction stir additive process, residual stress may be generated inside the material due to local heating and rapid cooling. Injecting coolant can more accurately control the cooling rate, thereby reducing the size and distribution of residual stress and improving the stability and durability of the additive structure. The coolant can be water, or other substances.

[0042] According to an embodiment of the present invention, step S3 further includes S301: selecting a stirring head: selecting a corresponding stirring head with a needle or a stirring head without a needle according to the additive substrate 01 and / or the additive structure. The staff can select according to the needs and actual situation.

[0043] The stirring head with a needle can better mix the materials. The stirring needle can effectively mix different materials together during the stirring process, improve the uniformity of the composite material, and make the deposited material have a higher connection strength. The stirring needle can generate greater pressure and heat during the additive process and increase the stirring and mixing of the additive raw materials and the substrate material, thereby ensuring the strength and integrity of the additive connection joint. This is especially important for application scenarios that need to withstand high loads or high pressures.

[0044] The needleless stirring head has a smaller load in the feed direction due to the lack of a stirring needle, which reduces the rigidity requirements for the machine tool. In addition, the needleless stirring head is more suitable for thin plate additive manufacturing, avoiding the risk of needle breakage during the additive process, increasing the life of the stirring head, and reducing process costs.

[0045] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the additive method adopts wire-stir friction additive technology. Since the manufacturing of the negative electrode column 02 has high requirements for precision, a wire-stir additive method is adopted. The wire used in wire-stir additive is thinner than the rod, so the material feed amount can be controlled more accurately to achieve a higher material utilization rate. This not only reduces manufacturing costs, but also helps to reduce waste. Due to the small diameter of the wire, wire-feeding additive can more easily achieve finer control during the manufacturing process, thereby obtaining a higher precision manufacturing result. This is especially important for parts that require high-precision manufacturing.

[0046] According to one embodiment of the present invention, when a needle stirring head is selected for friction stir additive, step S3 includes:

[0047] S302: insert the wire 06 into the wire feeding hole until the front end of the wire contacts the screw 05; drive the screw 05 to rotate, and place the stirring head (the stirring head includes the shoulder 04, the screw 05 and the stirring needle 07 arranged at the bottom end of the screw 05) on the surface of the substrate. At this time, there is a gap between the bottom end of the shoulder 04 and the substrate (this gap determines the deposition thickness), and the stirring needle penetrates into the substrate material; S303: after the wire enters the shoulder 04, it is cut into particles under the cutting action of the spiral groove of the screw 05, and these particles are transferred downward by the screw 05, and the shoulder 04 and the screw 05 are connected. The relative rotational movement between the two can form a pre-plasticization effect on the granular material, so that the material can enter the hot plasticization state faster. When these accumulated granular materials reach the surface of the substrate below, they are stirred and rubbed with the substrate, and can be further mixed with the substrate material under the stirring action of the stirring needle, diffused and deposited on the surface of the substrate in the area to be added. S304: Then the stirring head moves along the set path in the area to be added on the surface of the substrate to achieve a single-layer material coating in the area to be added; S305: Repeat the single-layer material coating in the area to be added to achieve multi-layer material coating until the required additive height is reached.

[0048] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the needle stirring head moves by vertical pulling to achieve material coating in the area to be added. The vertical pulling method can reduce the residual stress and deformation caused by welding or the additive process. When the material is added layer by layer in the additive process, if the stirring head is pulled out horizontally or tilted, it may cause uneven stress and deformation of the material during the cooling process. Vertical pulling can release these stresses and deformations more evenly, so that the additive structure maintains better shape and dimensional accuracy, and can also reduce interlayer defects and surface unevenness caused by uneven stress.

[0049] According to one embodiment of the present invention, step S3 includes: controlling the flow rate of the coolant entering the closed space to be greater than the flow rate of the coolant flowing out of the closed space; and controlling the liquid level in the closed space to always be lower than the upper surface height of the additive structure.

[0050] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a gripper 133 is provided on the substrate fixing plate 13, and the gripper 133 is connected to the side wall of the substrate fixing plate 13. The substrate fixing plate 13 is fixed to the tooling base 11 by a fixing clamp 14. When material addition is required, the substrate fixing plate 13 can be fixed to the tooling base 11 by the fixing clamp 14. When material addition is not required, the fixing clamp 14 can be opened to remove the substrate fixing plate 13. In other words, the substrate fixing plate 13 can be disassembled, and through the gripper 133, the operator can stably control the substrate fixing plate 13 to avoid safety accidents caused by improper operation. Especially in the case where the substrate fixing plate 13 needs to be frequently moved or adjusted, the presence of the gripper 133 can greatly reduce the operation risk.

[0051] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the fixed tool 10 further includes a lifting ring 15, which is connected to the table and is located on the side of the water retaining plate 12 away from the substrate fixing plate 13. During the friction stir additive manufacturing process, the tool may need to be moved between different working areas or equipment. As a connection point for the lifting equipment, the lifting ring 15 can easily realize the lifting and movement of the tool, avoid the difficulty and risk of manual handling, and improve work efficiency and safety.

[0052] The present invention manufactures the electrode negative pole through the process of stir friction additive, which on the one hand saves raw materials, improves the utilization rate of raw materials and reduces the waste of raw materials; on the other hand simplifies the manufacturing process, can be formed in one step, omitting the part of cutting off the excess, which not only saves time but also reduces the probability of damaging the negative pole.

[0053] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0054] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fixture for manufacturing electrodes based on friction stir additive manufacturing, characterized in that: include: A substrate fixing plate, wherein a substrate mounting position is provided on the substrate fixing plate; A table, the substrate fixing plate is detachably mounted on the table, a cooling nozzle is arranged on the table, and the cooling nozzle faces the substrate mounting position; A heating device is arranged below the substrate fixing plate, and a heating surface of the heating device is in contact with the substrate mounting position.

2. A method for producing an electrode, characterized in that: The electrode production method is implemented using the fixed tooling as described in claim 1, and the production method includes the steps: S1: placing the substrate on the substrate fixing plate; S2: using a heating device to heat the substrate mounting position; S3: the cooling nozzle in the fixed tooling supplies coolant to cool the substrate and / or the additive structure on the substrate through the flowing coolant; step S3 includes: additively manufacturing the electrode on the copper substrate by continuous forming of aluminum metal.

3. The electrode production method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The substrate mounting position of the fixing tool comprises a bottom plate and a plurality of limiting parts, wherein the limiting parts are connected to the edge of the bottom plate and extend upward, and the plurality of limiting parts are arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction to form a drainage groove between two limiting parts.

4. The electrode production method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The step S3 includes: continuously injecting cooling liquid onto the substrate and surrounding the substrate and / or the additive structure with the cooling liquid to cool them, wherein the cooling liquid removes heat from the substrate and / or the additive structure from the drainage groove.

5. The electrode production method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step S3 also includes S301: selecting a stirring head: selecting a corresponding stirring head with a needle or a stirring head without a needle according to the additive substrate and / or the additive structure.

6. The electrode production method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The electrode production method adopts wire feeding friction stirring additive technology.

7. The electrode production method according to claim 6, characterized in that: When a needle stirring head is selected for friction stirring, the stirring head includes a shoulder, a screw and a stirring needle arranged at the bottom end of the screw. Step S3 The method comprises: S302: inserting a wire into a wire feeding hole until the front end of the wire contacts a screw rod; Drive the screw to rotate and place the stirring head on the surface of the substrate; S303: After the wire enters the shoulder, it is cut into particles under the cutting action of the spiral groove of the screw, and these particles are transferred downward by the screw. The shoulder and the screw make the particles enter a pre-plasticized state. When the particles reach the surface of the substrate below, stirring friction occurs with the substrate, and the particles are further mixed with the substrate material under the stirring action of the stirring needle, diffused and deposited on the surface of the substrate in the area to be added; S304: The stirring head moves along a set path in the area to be added on the surface of the substrate to achieve a single-layer material coating in the area to be added; S305: Repeat the single-layer material coating in the area to be added to achieve multi-layer material coating until the required additive height is reached.

8. The electrode production method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The needle stirring head moves by vertically pulling up to achieve material coating in the area to be added.

9. The electrode production method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The edge of the table of the fixing tool is provided with a water baffle extending upward, and the water baffle is arranged around the base plate fixing plate to form a closed space around the base plate fixing plate; Step S3 includes: controlling the flow rate of the coolant entering the enclosed space to be greater than the flow rate of the coolant flowing out of the enclosed space; And the liquid level in the closed space is controlled to be always lower than the upper surface height of the additive structure.

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