A method and system for blasting underground mining for different ores and rocks

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of blasting for underground mining, and discloses a method and system for blasting operations for underground mining of different mineral rocks. The method determines the blastability classification of different mineral rocks for different mineral rocks; determines the single-consumption blasting parameter index of different mineral rocks during different blasting operations; determines the parameter index related to the blasting construction process in slot blasting, smooth blasting, and medium-deep hole blasting, and provides data for mine blasting construction. The present invention can greatly improve the safety of well formation operations; the optimized design of the pillar recovery process can achieve efficient recovery of retained pillars, reduce the disturbance of blasting construction to the roof and other protection areas, and improve the recovery efficiency of the goaf area by designing the order of pillar recovery, realize the maximum utilization of resources, and improve economic benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of blasting for underground mining, and in particular relates to a blasting operation method and system for underground mining of different ores and rocks. Background Art

[0002] Regarding underground blasting, the existing technology has formed a scientific and complete system. From rock property testing to the design of different blasting parameters, in-depth research has been conducted and certain research results have been achieved. In terms of rock mechanics parameter calibration, Peng Jianyu conducted relevant experimental and numerical simulation studies on the formation of blasting funnels of rocks under static stress, the fracture behavior of sandstone under the impact load of Hopkinson bar under static stress, and the blasting crushing behavior of cement mortar samples under static stress. He studied the phenomena and laws in the dynamic fracture process of rocks under static stress and revealed the destruction mechanism of rocks under dynamic and static loads. In terms of blasting funnels, the existing technology uses ANSYS / LS-DYNA nonlinear three-dimensional dynamic finite element software to numerically simulate the stress distribution and propagation mechanism of rocks under multi-hole same-segment blasting. The stress distribution cloud map at different times and the stress-time history curve of typical units were obtained. According to the results, the stress wave propagation law and the formation process of blasting funnel were studied, and the relevant factors affecting the formation of blasting funnel were discussed. In terms of rock explosiveness classification, Xue Jianguang and others established an attribute identification model for distinguishing rock explosiveness classification in engineering blasting; they selected rock density, tensile strength, impact dynamic load strength and rock integrity coefficient as identification indicators for attribute identification, effectively solving the problem of judging the difficulty of rock explosiveness.

[0003] In terms of specific blasting parameter calculation, Wang Zhaoyang et al. used statistical methods to analyze the variation characteristics of blasting parameters in two rock tunnel characteristic parameter dimensions, namely, the Proctor coefficient and cross-sectional area, and studied the objective laws of rock tunnel slot blasting by building a blasting excavation case database. The research results show that as the Proctor coefficient increases, the ultimate compressive strength of the rock increases. To ensure the blasting effect, the length of the blasthole and the unit consumption of explosives will be appropriately increased, and the single-cycle footage will also be slightly increased. However, the clamping effect caused by the high stress of the rock itself will reduce the utilization rate of the blasthole; usually, an empty hole is set to provide a new free surface for slot blasting, and the rock mass damage area close to the free surface is larger through stress wave reflection and stretching, and hard rock tunnels are more suitable for straight hole slot blasting.

[0004] In response to the problem of large block rate in fan-shaped hole blasting, the existing technology proposes to optimize the block size distribution of fan-shaped medium and deep hole blasting, obtain the blasting block size distribution prediction model through linear fitting, and calculate the fractal dimension of the corresponding blast pile. The test results show that micro-difference blasting is conducive to controlling the large block rate, and interval charging of the fan-shaped hole mouth is conducive to reducing the powder ore rate of medium and deep hole blasting. The numerical simulation results show that the effective peak stress at the bottom of the hole < the effective peak stress in the middle < the effective peak stress at the hole mouth, which is easy to produce large blocks at the bottom of the hole and powder ore at the hole mouth. By adjusting the reasonable delay time between holes in medium and deep hole blasting and the charging structure of the fan-shaped hole mouth, the block size distribution of medium and deep hole blasting can be effectively controlled, which is conducive to improving production efficiency.

[0005] In order to optimize the blasting effect of the VCR mining method, the prior art uses the VCR mining method for mining, and conducts a blasting funnel experiment on site to determine the blasting parameters when using spherical explosive packages to drop ore. Through a series of blasting funnel experiments with a diameter of 40mm blastholes and theoretical analysis of the experimental data, the critical burial depth, strain energy coefficient and other funnel blasting parameters under the 40mm blasthole condition are obtained. Finally, according to the similarity theory, the critical burial depth, strain energy coefficient, optimal burial depth and other blasting parameters when the large-diameter spherical explosive package drops ore in the VCR method are calculated, which provides a basis for the design of the hole network parameters of the VCR method test ore block. The prior art proposes the factors that should be considered in selecting a one-time well formation mode, analyzes the technical difficulties of one-time well formation by deep hole blasting, and proposes corresponding solutions.

[0006] In order to solve the problem of mining pillars in goaf, the existing technology has formulated the mining order of pillars according to the distribution characteristics of pillars, established a mining model for pillars in the mine room, and conducted numerical simulation analysis on the mining process of pillars. The simulation results show that the displacement contours after the excavation of the mine room are distributed in an arch shape, the maximum displacement is located in the roof area of ​​the goaf, and the displacement of the pillars before and after mining does not change much; after the mining of the mine room, the local area of ​​the goaf roof shows an arch tensile stress zone, and the closer to the goaf, the greater the range and tensile stress value of the tensile stress zone; the goaf roof has an arched penetration area with shear strain increment, and the arched penetration area is large after the mining of the pillars, and the permanent pillars may be sheared and deformed, resulting in damage, which provides data support for the reasonable arrangement of the construction process of the goaf.

[0007] In order to determine the relevant parameters involved in the filling process of the goaf, the existing technology believes that it is crucial to reasonably determine the filling body strength to ensure the safe, efficient and low-cost mining of the filling mine. For a mine that adopts the subsequent filling method, 12 schemes are combined according to the different width and height parameters of the mine room, and FLAC3D is used to perform numerical simulation and calculation analysis of the filling body strength value. It is concluded that the exposure height of the stope has a greater influence on the stability of the filling body and is the dominant factor in determining the strength of the filling body; the width and length of the stope have little influence on the stability of the filling body.

[0008] As an effective means of breaking rocks in a short time, blasting is widely used in various industries of economic production. While blasting technology brings huge economic benefits to people, it also brings corresponding safety issues. Whether the blasting parameter setting is reasonable is an important parameter affecting the blasting effect. Before the blasting is implemented, the operator needs to pre-evaluate the size of the blasting range, the size of the blocks produced by the blasting, and the changes in the free surface during the blasting operation. Summary of the invention

[0009] In order to overcome the problems existing in the related art, the disclosed embodiment of the present invention provides a blasting operation method and system for underground mining of different mineral rocks.

[0010] The technical solution is as follows: a method for underground mining blasting for different mineral rocks, including:

[0011] S1, determine the blastability classification of different mineral rocks according to different mineral rocks;

[0012] S2, determine the unit consumption blasting parameter index of different minerals and rocks in different blasting operations;

[0013] S3, determine the blasting construction process parameter indicators for slot blasting, smooth blasting, and medium-deep hole blasting, and provide data for mine blasting construction.

[0014] In step S1, different blastability classifications of different ores and rocks are determined for different ores and rocks, including:

[0015] S101, static and dynamic tests of lithium ore rock mass and confirmation of explosiveness classification. Through static and acoustic tests, static mechanical tests are carried out on rocks with different lithologies and different degrees of joint development to obtain static tensile and compressive strength mechanical parameters, and acoustic tests are carried out to obtain basic wave velocity parameters of different lithologies;

[0016] S102, dynamic mechanical properties test of rock mass;

[0017] S103, by sorting and analyzing the rock compressive strength, bulk density, rock integrity and engineering geological parameters, a weight model is established through mathematical analysis software to determine the key parameters affecting the rock blastability, and a lithium ore blastability classification standard is established based on the actual situation at the mine site.

[0018] In step S102, the rock mass dynamic mechanical properties test includes:

[0019] Conduct dynamic mechanical properties tests on ore rocks, conduct dynamic compression and dynamic tensile tests using the SHPB dynamic impact test device, obtain dynamic crushing energy consumption curves of ore rocks, and determine the impact of the degree of ore rock joint development on rock crushing size and energy consumption;

[0020] Dynamic mechanical tests were carried out under uniaxial and triaxial confining pressure conditions to obtain the stress changes and deformation characteristics of the rock mass during dynamic destruction under geostress conditions. The influence of dynamic changes in confining pressure on the mechanical properties of lithium ore rock was determined through the deformation characteristics and time curves of the rock mass during dynamic excavation.

[0021] In step S103, key parameters affecting rock blastability are determined, including:

[0022] The rock material model adopts *MAT_PLASTIC_KINEMATIC or MAT_HJC constitutive model, which is determined according to the static and dynamic mechanical test results of rock;

[0023] In ANSYS / LS-DYNA, the explosive material model uses the high-energy explosive material model *MAT_HIGH_EXPLOSIVE_BURN, and uses the JWL state equation to simulate the explosion of explosives during blasting. The JWL state equation relationship during the explosion of explosives is:

[0024]

[0025] Where P is the total pressure, A, B, R1, R2, ω are all material constants, V is the relative volume, E0 is the internal energy per unit volume, and e is the Reynolds index;

[0026] The air material model uses a blank material *MAT_NULL, and the state equation of the LINEAR_POLYNOMIAL air fluid is:

[0027] P=C0+C1μ+C2μ 2 +C3μ 3 +(C4+C5μ+C6μ 2 )E0

[0028] μ=ρ / ρ0-1

[0029] Where C0, C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, and C6 are all real constants, u is the peak of the oscillation frequency domain signal of the single-hole slot blasting area detected in the oscillation mode, ρ is the rock density in the single-hole slot blasting area, and ρ0 is the rock density under the blasting volume.

[0030] In step S2, the unit consumption blasting parameter indexes of different minerals and rocks in different blasting operations are determined, including:

[0031] Design blasting funnel test according to the dynamic mechanical properties of ore rock, determine the best unit consumption of different types of surrounding rock and ore rock, and the influence of different joint development degrees on rock crushing degree and fragment throwing;

[0032] According to the results of single-hole blasting funnel test, a multi-hole blasting funnel test was designed, and a multi-hole slot blasting test was carried out to determine the influence of hole spacing and delay time parameters on important evaluation parameters of blasting funnel volume and depth.

[0033] Furthermore, the influence of hole spacing and delay time parameters on the important evaluation parameters of blasting funnel volume and depth was determined, including:

[0034] Step 1, fix the blasting funnel test laser instrument on the blasting funnel test laser instrument fixing frame, and adjust the position and distance, fix the image recognition equipment, filter, and high-speed camera on the fixing frame on the other side, and use the blasting funnel test laser instrument to emit a grid-shaped laser grid; use the blasting funnel test laser instrument to emit a grid-shaped laser grid, and use the image recognition equipment on the other side of the multi-hole groove detection equipment to receive the grid-shaped laser grid;

[0035] Step 2: using a high-speed camera to capture a shadow area image caused by a single-hole slot blasting area blocking the laser grid during the interval period when the blasting funnel test laser instrument stops working; using an infrared thermometer, a data acquisition card and an external trigger to collect a volume field image of the same single-hole slot blasting area at the same time during the interval period when the blasting funnel test laser instrument stops working;

[0036] Step 3, fitting the contour curve of the single-hole slot blasting area according to the obtained shadow area image, extracting and calculating the oscillation frequency and radius of the single-hole slot blasting area, and calculating the average volume of the surface of the single-hole slot blasting area according to the volume field image;

[0037] Step 4, calculate according to the established calculation model based on the obtained single-hole slot blasting area oscillation frequency, average single-hole slot blasting area radius, and single-hole slot blasting area surface average volume information to obtain important evaluation parameters of blasting funnel volume and depth in real time.

[0038] In step 3, the shadow area image includes:

[0039] Obtain an image of the shadow area caused by a single-hole slot blasting area shielding the laser grid during the interval period when the laser instrument of the blasting funnel test stops working, extract the time domain signal of the shadow area change in the laser grid caused by the transitional single-hole slot blasting area shielding, obtain the contour curve of the single-hole slot blasting area by fitting, obtain the change of the maximum length in the horizontal and vertical directions on the contour curve of the single-hole slot blasting area, extract the oscillation frequency of the single-hole slot blasting area by fast Fourier transform, calculate the equivalent single-hole slot blasting area radius at the same time, and calculate the average value, so as to obtain the oscillation frequency of the single-hole slot blasting area and the equivalent single-hole slot blasting area radius value;

[0040] The fitting obtains the contour curve of the single-hole slot blasting area, including:

[0041] (1) With the lower left corner vertex of the single-hole slot blasting area image as the origin, the lower edge of the image as the X-axis, and the left edge of the image as the Y-axis, a rectangular coordinate system XOY is established with the length and width of the pixel as the unit length;

[0042] (2) performing image processing to extract the coordinates of the breakpoints of the laser grid, and converting the rectangular coordinate system coordinates of the breakpoints into coordinate values ​​in a polar coordinate system with the center of the circle as the pole;

[0043] (3) The least squares method is used to fit the curve in polar coordinates, and the polar coordinate curve equation of the single-hole slot blasting area contour is obtained as follows:

[0044] k=A0+A1θ+A2θ 2 +A3θ 3

[0045]

[0046] Where k is the polar coordinate curve expression of the single-hole slot blasting area contour, A0, A1, A2, A3 are the reference single-hole slot, the first single-hole slot, the second single-hole slot, and the third single-hole slot, θ is the incident fan angle, θ n is the nth incident fan angle.

[0047] In step (2), image processing is performed to extract the coordinates of the laser grid breakpoints, including:

[0048] The image is binarized, the skeleton contour of the laser grid is extracted using the skeleton algorithm, the search interval is reduced using the circular fitting function, the points at the breakpoints of each line are found, and the coordinate values ​​of all the searched breakpoints are output;

[0049] The step of converting the obtained rectangular coordinate system coordinates of the breakpoint into coordinate values ​​in a polar coordinate system with the center of the circle as the pole includes:

[0050] Collect all coordinate values, find the average of the maximum and minimum values ​​in the X-axis direction, and find the average of the maximum and minimum values ​​in the Y-axis direction, and use them as the center of the approximate circle, that is, the coordinates of the pole (e0, h0); use the rectangular coordinate to polar coordinate formula to convert the coordinates of all breakpoints to the coordinate values ​​of polar coordinates with (e0, h0) as the pole using the following formula, the expression is:

[0051]

[0052] Where, e is the abscissa, h is the ordinate, e0 is the extreme point abscissa, h0 is the extreme point ordinate, A is the single hole cut, kctAn is the nth single hole cut conversion rate;

[0053] If h-h0>0, the value of θ is directly calculated by the formula;

[0054] If h-h0>0,e-e0<0 or h-h0<0,e-e0<0, the value of θ is the calculated result plus 180°;

[0055] If h-h0<0,e-e0>0, the value of θ is the calculated result plus 360°;

[0056] The method of obtaining the change of the maximum length in the horizontal and vertical directions on the contour curve of the single-hole slot blasting area, extracting the oscillation frequency of the single-hole slot blasting area by fast Fourier transform, and calculating the equivalent single-hole slot blasting area radius includes:

[0057] Draw a unit circle with a radius of 1 mm on the image recognition device, and use a high-speed camera fixed to the image recognition device to take a picture of the image recognition device to obtain an image of the unit circle; find the center point o (X o ,Y o ), the minimum point A(X A ,Y A ), the minimum point B (X B ,Y B ), the actual size of the unit pixel in the image in the vertical Y-axis and horizontal X-axis directions is:

[0058]

[0059] Where M h is the actual size of the unit pixel in the vertical Y-axis direction, M e is the actual size of the unit pixel in the horizontal X-axis direction;

[0060] The incident fan angle of the beam emitted by the blasting funnel test laser instrument is θ, the distance between the blasting funnel test laser instrument and the welding wire is u1, and the distance between the image recognition device and the welding wire is u2. Then the radius K′ of the imaging single-hole slot blasting area and the radius K of the actual single-hole slot blasting area are:

[0061]

[0062] If the maximum number of pixels in the horizontal and vertical directions of the area blocked by the single-hole slot blasting area is n respectively, e and n h , then the maximum length of the single-hole slot blasting area in the X and Y directions is:

[0063]

[0064]

[0065] Where U e is the maximum length of the single-hole slot blasting area in the X direction, U h The maximum length of the single-hole slot blasting area in the Y direction;

[0066] The single-hole slot blasting area with an elliptical cross section is equivalent to a circular single-hole slot blasting area according to the principle of equivalent area, and then:

[0067]

[0068] Where, Q is the diameter of the equivalent single-hole slot blasting area, Q = 2K;

[0069] Extract the K value of each image in a single hole slot blasting area generation cycle and calculate its average value Get the average single hole blasting area radius

[0070] Real-time acquisition of important evaluation parameters of blasting funnel volume and depth, the expression is:

[0071]

[0072] ρ=ρ0-α(F-F0)

[0073] Where γ is the surface tension of the single-hole slot blasting area, f is the oscillation frequency of the single-hole slot blasting area, is the average radius of the single-hole slot blasting area, u is the peak of the oscillation frequency domain signal of the single-hole slot blasting area detected in the oscillation mode, ρ is the rock density of the single-hole slot blasting area, ρ0 is the rock density under the blasting volume, α is the volume coefficient of density, F is the average volume of the surface rock in the single-hole slot blasting area, and F0 is the metal blasting volume.

[0074] In step S3, the blasting construction process related parameter indicators of slot blasting, smooth blasting, and medium-deep hole blasting are determined, including:

[0075] (1) Optimization of tunnel excavation blasting parameters;

[0076] (2) Optimization of bottom upward fan-shaped hole blasting process parameters;

[0077] (3) Using VCR mining method to obtain blasting parameters;

[0078] (4) Optimization of construction process parameters for the single well blasting of the upward blind shaft;

[0079] (5) Optimization of construction process parameters for rock blasting in goaf areas.

[0080] Another object of the present invention is to provide a blasting operation system for underground mining of different ores and rocks, which is implemented by the blasting operation method for underground mining of different ores and rocks, and the system comprises:

[0081] The explosiveness classification module is used to determine the explosiveness classification of different mineral rocks according to different mineral rocks;

[0082] The unit consumption blasting parameter index determination module is used to determine the unit consumption blasting parameter index of different minerals and rocks in different blasting operations;

[0083] The construction process related parameter index determination module is used to determine the blasting construction process parameter indexes in slot blasting, smooth blasting, and medium-deep hole blasting, and provide data for mine blasting construction.

[0084] In combination with all the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention conducts relevant mechanical tests on rocks in different areas of underground mines, determines their basic mechanical parameters and performs explosiveness classification, which can provide scientific and effective data support for subsequent blasting parameter design, thereby improving the energy utilization of explosives and optimizing the blasting effect. Optimization of tunnel excavation blasting parameters can effectively improve tunnel excavation blasting cycle footage, smooth blasting half-hole rate, rock mass integrity and tunnel flatness; optimization of bottom upward fan-shaped hole blasting parameters can effectively adjust the upward fan-shaped hole layout angle, optimize blasting effect and reduce large block rate; optimization of VCR mining method blasting parameters can improve explosive energy utilization, improve blasting effect and reduce large block rate; blind shaft one-time well completion blasting parameter design can realize upward blind shaft one-time well completion technology, optimize the layout of empty holes and slot holes, ensure that the well completion effect and well completion retained rock mass strength meet the design requirements, and the key is to greatly improve the safety of well completion operations; the optimization design of pillar recovery process can realize efficient recovery of retained pillars, reduce the disturbance of blasting construction to the roof and other protection areas, and improve the recovery efficiency of goaf areas by designing the sequence of pillar recovery, realize maximum resource utilization and improve economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0085] The accompanying drawings herein are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure, and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure;

[0086] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a blasting operation method for underground mining of different mineral rocks provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0087] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of wave speed detection provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0088] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of blasthole arrangement for a single-hole blasting funnel test provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0089] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present invention, so the present invention is not limited by the specific implementation disclosed below.

[0090] Embodiment 1, as Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a blasting operation method for underground mining of different mineral rocks, the method comprising:

[0091] S1, determine the blastability classification of different mineral rocks according to different mineral rocks;

[0092] S2, determine the unit consumption blasting parameter index of different minerals and rocks in different blasting operations;

[0093] S3, determine the blasting construction process parameter indicators for slot blasting, smooth blasting, and medium-deep hole blasting, and provide data for mine blasting construction.

[0094] In step S2, determining the unit consumption blasting parameter index of different minerals and rocks in different blasting operations includes a blasting funnel test, specifically including:

[0095] Design blasting funnel test according to the dynamic mechanical properties of ore rock, determine the best unit consumption of different types of surrounding rock and ore rock, and the influence of different joint development degrees on rock crushing degree and fragment throwing;

[0096] According to the results of single-hole blasting funnel test, a multi-hole blasting funnel test was designed, and a multi-hole slot blasting test was carried out to determine the influence of hole spacing and delay time parameters on important evaluation parameters of blasting funnel volume and depth.

[0097] Determining the influence of hole spacing and delay time parameters on important evaluation parameters of blasting funnel volume and depth includes: step 1, using a blasting funnel test laser instrument to emit a grid-shaped laser grid, and using an image recognition device on the other side of the multi-hole slot detection device to receive the grid-shaped laser grid;

[0098] Step 2: using a high-speed camera to capture a shadow area image caused by a single-hole slot blasting area blocking the laser grid during the interval period when the blasting funnel test laser instrument stops working; and using an infrared thermometer, a data acquisition card and an external trigger to collect a volume field image of the same single-hole slot blasting area at the same time during the interval period when the blasting funnel test laser instrument stops working;

[0099] Step 3, fitting the contour curve of the single-hole slot blasting area according to the obtained shadow area image, extracting and calculating the oscillation frequency and radius of the single-hole slot blasting area; and calculating the average volume of the surface of the single-hole slot blasting area according to the volume field image;

[0100] Step 4, calculate according to the established calculation model based on the obtained single-hole slot blasting area oscillation frequency, average single-hole slot blasting area radius, and single-hole slot blasting area surface average volume information to obtain important evaluation parameters of blasting funnel volume and depth in real time.

[0101] Before the blasting funnel test laser instrument is used to emit a grid-shaped laser grid, the following steps need to be performed:

[0102] Fix the blasting funnel test laser instrument on the blasting funnel test laser instrument fixing frame and adjust the position and distance. Fix the image recognition equipment, filter and high-speed camera on the fixing frame on the other side. Use the blasting funnel test laser instrument to emit a grid-like laser grid.

[0103] In step 3, the shadow area image includes:

[0104] Obtain an image of the shadow area caused by a single-hole slot blasting area shielding the laser grid during the interval period when the laser instrument of the blasting funnel test stops working, extract the time domain signal of the shadow area change in the laser grid caused by the transitional single-hole slot blasting area shielding, obtain the contour curve of the single-hole slot blasting area by fitting, obtain the change of the maximum length in the horizontal and vertical directions on the contour curve of the single-hole slot blasting area, extract the oscillation frequency of the single-hole slot blasting area by fast Fourier transform, calculate the equivalent single-hole slot blasting area radius at the same time, and calculate the average value, so as to obtain the oscillation frequency of the single-hole slot blasting area and the equivalent single-hole slot blasting area radius value;

[0105] The fitting obtained single hole slot blasting area contour curve includes:

[0106] (1) With the lower left corner vertex of the single-hole slot blasting area image as the origin, the lower edge of the image as the X-axis, and the left edge of the image as the Y-axis, a rectangular coordinate system XOY is established with the length and width of the pixel as the unit length;

[0107] (2) performing image processing and extracting the coordinates of the breakpoints of the laser grid; and converting the rectangular coordinate system coordinates of the breakpoints into coordinate values ​​in a polar coordinate system with the center of the circle as the pole;

[0108] (3) The least square method is used to perform curve fitting in polar coordinates to obtain the polar coordinate curve equation of the single-hole slot blasting area contour:

[0109] k=A0+A1θ+A2θ 2 +A3θ3

[0110]

[0111] Where k is the polar coordinate curve expression of the single-hole slot blasting area contour, A0, A1, A2, A3 are the reference single-hole slot, the first single-hole slot, the second single-hole slot, and the third single-hole slot, θ is the incident fan angle, θ n is the nth incident fan angle.

[0112] The image processing and extraction of the laser grid breakpoint coordinates include:

[0113] The image is binarized, and then the skeleton algorithm is used to extract the skeleton outline of the laser grid. The circular fitting function is used to narrow the search interval, find the points at the breakpoints of each line, and output the coordinate values ​​of all the searched breakpoints;

[0114] The step of converting the obtained rectangular coordinate system coordinates of the breakpoint into coordinate values ​​in a polar coordinate system with the center of the circle as the pole comprises:

[0115] Collect all coordinate values, find the average of the maximum and minimum values ​​in the X-axis direction, and find the average of the maximum and minimum values ​​in the Y-axis direction, and use them as the center of the approximate circle, that is, the coordinates of the pole (e0, h0); use the rectangular coordinate to polar coordinate formula to convert the coordinates of all breakpoints to the coordinate values ​​of polar coordinates with (e0, h0) as the pole using the following formula, the expression is:

[0116]

[0117] Where, e is the abscissa, h is the ordinate, e0 is the extreme point abscissa, h0 is the extreme point ordinate, A is the single hole cut, kctAn is the nth single hole cut conversion rate;

[0118] If h-h0>0, the value of θ is directly calculated by the formula;

[0119] If h-h0>0,e-e0<0 or h-h0<0,e-e0<0, the value of θ is the calculated result plus 180°;

[0120] If h-h0<0,e-e0>0, the value of θ is the calculated result plus 360°;

[0121] The method of obtaining the change of the maximum length in the horizontal and vertical directions on the contour curve of the single-hole slot blasting area, extracting the oscillation frequency of the single-hole slot blasting area by fast Fourier transform, and calculating the equivalent single-hole slot blasting area radius includes:

[0122] Draw a unit circle with a radius of 1 mm on the image recognition device, and use a high-speed camera fixed to the image recognition device to take a picture of the image recognition device to obtain an image of the unit circle; find the center point o (X o ,Y o ), the minimum point A(X A ,Y A ), the minimum point B (X B ,Y B ), the actual size of the unit pixel in the image in the vertical Y-axis and horizontal X-axis directions is:

[0123]

[0124] Where M h is the actual size of the unit pixel in the vertical Y-axis direction, M e is the actual size of the unit pixel in the horizontal X-axis direction;

[0125] The incident fan angle of the beam emitted by the blasting funnel test laser instrument is θ, the distance between the blasting funnel test laser instrument and the welding wire is u1, and the distance between the image recognition device and the welding wire is u2. Then the radius K′ of the imaging single-hole slot blasting area and the radius K of the actual single-hole slot blasting area are:

[0126]

[0127] If the maximum number of pixels in the horizontal and vertical directions of the area blocked by the single-hole slot blasting area is n respectively, e and n h , then the maximum length of the single-hole slot blasting area in the X and Y directions is:

[0128]

[0129] Where U e is the maximum length of the single-hole slot blasting area in the X direction, U h The maximum length of the single-hole slot blasting area in the Y direction;

[0130] The single-hole slot blasting area with an elliptical cross section is equivalent to a circular single-hole slot blasting area according to the principle of equivalent area, and then:

[0131]

[0132] Where, Q is the diameter of the equivalent single-hole slot blasting area, Q = 2K;

[0133] Extract the K value of each image in a single hole slot blasting area generation cycle and calculate its average value Get the average single hole blasting area radius

[0134] Real-time acquisition of important evaluation parameters of blasting funnel volume and depth, the expression is:

[0135]

[0136] ρ=ρ0-α(F-F0)

[0137] Where γ is the surface tension of the single-hole slot blasting area, f is the oscillation frequency of the single-hole slot blasting area, is the average radius of the single-hole slot blasting area, u is the peak of the oscillation frequency domain signal of the single-hole slot blasting area detected in the oscillation mode, ρ is the rock density of the single-hole slot blasting area, ρ0 is the rock density under the blasting volume, α is the volume coefficient of density, F is the average volume of the surface rock in the single-hole slot blasting area, and F0 is the metal blasting volume.

[0138] In step S3, the blasting construction process parameter indicators for slot blasting, smooth blasting, and medium-deep hole blasting are determined to include:

[0139] (1) Optimization of tunnel excavation blasting parameters;

[0140] (2) Optimization of relevant parameters of the bottom upward fan-shaped hole blasting process;

[0141] (3) Using VCR mining method to obtain blasting parameters;

[0142] (4) Optimization of relevant parameters of the one-step blasting construction process for upward blind shafts;

[0143] (5) Optimization of parameters related to rock blasting construction technology in goaf areas.

[0144] The present invention also provides a blasting operation system for underground mining of different mineral rocks, the system comprising:

[0145] The explosiveness classification module is used to determine the explosiveness classification of different mineral rocks according to different mineral rocks;

[0146] The unit consumption blasting parameter index determination module is used to determine the unit consumption blasting parameter index of different minerals and rocks in different blasting operations;

[0147] The module for determining construction process related parameter indicators is used to determine the blasting construction process related parameter indicators in slot blasting, smooth blasting, and medium-deep hole blasting, and provide data for mine blasting construction.

[0148] The invention has the advantages of high sampling rate, high signal-to-noise ratio, simple equipment, etc. and has good application prospects.

[0149] Example 2, as a specific implementation, the underground mining blasting method for different mineral rocks provided in the embodiment of the present invention determines the blastability classification for different mineral rocks, and determines the blasting parameter indicators such as unit consumption during different blasting operations;

[0150] Determine the relevant parameter indicators of blasting construction processes such as slot blasting, smooth blasting, medium and deep hole blasting, and provide relevant data for mine blasting construction; specifically include the following contents:

[0151] (1) Static and dynamic tests on lithium ore rock mass and blastability classification.

[0152] 1) Static test and acoustic wave test.

[0153] Static mechanical tests are carried out on mineral rocks with different lithologies and different degrees of joint development to obtain their mechanical parameters such as static tensile and compressive strength, and acoustic wave tests are carried out to obtain basic parameters such as wave velocity, thereby providing data support for subsequent tests.

[0154] 2) Dynamic mechanical properties test of rock mass.

[0155] a. Conduct dynamic mechanical properties tests on ore rocks, perform dynamic compression and dynamic tensile tests using the SHPB dynamic impact test device, obtain dynamic crushing energy consumption curves of ore rocks, and determine the influence of the degree of joint development on rock crushing size and energy consumption.

[0156] b. Conduct dynamic mechanical properties tests on rock mass with confining pressure, and conduct dynamic mechanical tests under uniaxial and triaxial confining pressure to obtain the stress changes and deformation characteristics of rock mass during dynamic destruction under geostress conditions, obtain the deformation characteristics and time curve of rock mass during dynamic excavation, and determine the influence of dynamic changes of confining pressure on the mechanical properties of lithium ore rock.

[0157] 3) Explosibility classification.

[0158] By sorting out and analyzing many parameters such as rock compressive strength, bulk density, rock integrity and engineering geological parameters, a weight model was established through mathematical analysis software to determine the key parameters affecting rock blastability. A simple and effective lithium ore blastability classification standard was established based on the actual situation at the mine site, providing a standardized reference and system design basis for subsequent blasting parameter design.

[0159] (2) Explosion funnel test.

[0160] 1) Design blasting funnel test according to the dynamic mechanical properties of ore rock to determine the optimal unit consumption of different types of surrounding rock and ore rock and the influence of different joint development degrees on rock crushing degree and fragment throwing.

[0161] 2) Based on the results of the single-hole blasting funnel test, a multi-hole blasting funnel test was designed, and a multi-hole slot blasting test was conducted to determine the influence of parameters such as hole spacing and delay time on important evaluation parameters such as the blasting funnel volume and depth.

[0162] (3) Optimization of blasting parameters for tunnel excavation.

[0163] 1) Optimization of slot hole blasting parameters.

[0164] a. Optimization of slot blasting parameters for rock mass with developed joints. For rock mass with developed joints during tunnel excavation construction, slot blasting tests are carried out. Through numerical simulation calculations and field tests, important parameters such as reasonable charge amount, number of empty holes, hole spacing, and delay time in slot blasting for rock mass with developed joints are determined to improve slotting quality and provide sufficient compensation space for subsequent blasting.

[0165] b. Optimization of slot hole blasting parameters for lithium ore viscous rock mass. In view of the high rate of large blocks and low degree of rock crushing in the blasting process of lithium ore rock during tunnel excavation construction, slot hole blasting tests were carried out. Through numerical simulation calculations and field tests, important parameters such as reasonable amount of explosives, number of empty holes, hole spacing, delay time, etc. in the slot blasting of viscous rock mass were determined to improve the slotting quality and provide sufficient compensation space for subsequent blasting.

[0166] 2) Optimization of peripheral smooth blasting parameters.

[0167] a. Research on optimization of smooth blasting parameters around jointed rock mass. For the jointed rock mass existing in the tunnel excavation construction, smooth blasting test is carried out. Through numerical simulation calculation and field test, the reasonable charge amount, uncoupling coefficient, hole spacing, delay time and other important parameters in the smooth blasting of the jointed rock mass are determined, the half-porosity and footage length are improved, the integrity of the tunnel surrounding rock is ensured, and the safety and stability of the surrounding rock are improved.

[0168] b. Research on optimization of smooth blasting parameters around lithium ore viscous rock mass. In view of the low explosiveness and low rock crushing degree of lithium ore rock during blasting during tunnel excavation construction, smooth blasting tests were carried out. Through numerical simulation calculations and field tests, important parameters such as reasonable amount of explosives, uncoupling coefficient, hole spacing, delay time, etc. in smooth blasting of viscous rock mass were determined to improve semi-porosity, footage length, etc., to ensure the integrity of the tunnel surrounding rock and improve the safety and stability of the surrounding rock.

[0169] 3) Full-section blasting design for tunnel excavation blasting.

[0170] a. Optimize blasting parameters for tunnel excavation in rock mass with developed joints. Combine blasting funnel test and slotting and smooth blasting test to formulate a reasonable tunnel excavation blasting network design. Through numerical simulation and field test, select the optimal combination of parameters such as charge amount, hole spacing, delay time, uncoupling coefficient, etc. to ensure that important indicators such as tunnel advance and tunnel boundary during the construction of tunnel excavation in rock mass with developed joints meet the relevant design requirements.

[0171] b. Optimize blasting parameters for tunnel excavation in the viscous rock mass of lithium mines. Combine blasting funnel tests and slotting and smooth blasting tests to formulate a reasonable tunnel excavation blasting network design. Through numerical simulation and field tests, select the optimal combination of parameters such as charge volume, hole spacing, delay time, and uncoupling coefficient to ensure that important indicators such as tunnel footage and tunnel boundaries during the construction of tunnel excavation in the viscous rock mass of lithium mines meet the relevant design requirements.

[0172] (4) Bottom upward fan-shaped hole blasting technology.

[0173] 1) Key technologies of upward fan-shaped hole blasting.

[0174] a. Analysis of the spacing parameters of upward fan-shaped drilling holes. Good blasthole construction quality is the guarantee for subsequent operations, so the problem of drilling deviation is the first step to be solved. Designing a reasonable drilling angle to ensure that the spacing between the bottom of the hole meets the design requirements is a prerequisite for subsequent blasting quality and controlling the large block rate.

[0175] b. Block size control: set reasonable hole spacing according to different rock types, and control the blasting construction block size and blasting vibration by adjusting parameters such as filling, detonation method and delay time, and one-time blasting volume.

[0176] 2) Deep hole blasting technology in steeply inclined joints.

[0177] In view of the large number of steeply inclined jointed rock strata in the middle section of 3700 in Ma'erkang lithium mine, numerical simulation calculations and field tests were carried out to optimize blasting parameters, thereby solving problems such as deviation of drilling angle, uneven block size (high rate of large blocks), poor rock explosiveness, etc. in blasting construction of inclined rock strata, improving blasting quality and optimizing blasting effect.

[0178] (5) VCR mining method blasting parameters.

[0179] 1) For the thickness of the ore layer above 20m in Maerkang lithium mine, numerical simulation calculation and parameter verification of VCR mining method blasting were carried out to determine the blasting parameters such as the filling length, charge amount, and delay time at both ends of the blasthole, and the block size of the deep hole blasting in the mine was statistically analyzed and optimized to improve the mining efficiency.

[0180] 2) Monitor the impact of blasting vibration on the stability of underground chamber structures, study the propagation law of blasting vibration, reduce blasting vibration by optimizing blasting parameters, and ensure the safety and stability of mining structures.

[0181] (6) Key technologies for single-shot blasting of upward blind shafts.

[0182] The key to the one-time well completion technology construction of upward fan-shaped cutting wells lies in the arrangement of the middle slot holes and the surrounding polished holes. The reasonable center slot hole diameter and hole arrangement method are selected to ensure the slotting quality, and the blasting parameters such as the non-coupling coefficient of the surrounding holes, hole spacing and delay time are calculated to ensure that the size and quality of the cutting well meet the subsequent construction requirements.

[0183] 1) Slot blasting parameters.

[0184] a. Determine the scope of the explosion stress wave fissure zone. Slot blasting is carried out under the condition of only one free surface, and it is difficult to break the rock by blasting. The present invention can regard its rock breaking effect as the superposition of the blasting effects of each slot hole. The slot hole charges detonated at the same time form radial and circumferential cracks around the blast hole, and converge into a spatial crack network in the slot cavity, which cuts the rock into fragments and throws them out under the expansion of the detonation gas. Therefore, to ensure that the rock is fully broken, the arrangement circle diameter of the slot hole must meet the design requirements.

[0185] b. Deep hole linear slotting uses the space of empty holes to provide free surface and compensation space for the blasted rock. Therefore, the reserved space for each slotting blasting should meet the rock crushing requirements. The blasting compensation space requirements of the ore rock are determined through numerical simulation and field tests to ensure the ore rock crushing effect. The number of intermediate empty holes and the hole layout are determined through field tests.

[0186] 2) Blind shaft blasting parameters.

[0187] After the present invention is implemented, 3-5 optimization schemes are comprehensively determined according to the mining rock mechanics parameters, numerical simulation results, and calculation results of the blasting stress wave crack circle determination method and the compensation space method, and field test analysis is carried out.

[0188] a. Determine the slotting method. At present, the commonly used slotting methods in mines include nine-hole slotting, prism-shaped slotting, barrel-shaped slotting, etc. According to the existing operating equipment in the mine and the results of numerical simulation calculation and analysis, the best slotting scheme suitable for lithium ore rock is selected and field tests are carried out to determine the slotting form, number of empty holes, distance between empty holes and charging holes, filling length and other parameters.

[0189] b. Calculation of charge quantity: determine the reasonable charge quantity and decoupling coefficient of the slot hole and surrounding holes through numerical simulation calculation and blasting funnel test results.

[0190] c. Determine the delay time and use numerical simulation to calculate the optimal impact time of the inter-hole delay on the superposition of the explosion stress wave, so that the destructive effect of the stress wave on the rock can be optimized.

[0191] d. Filling and charging. Since upward uncoupled charging is used, it is necessary to study reasonable charging methods to ensure the accuracy of charging quantity and explosive position, and set reasonable filling to ensure that the explosive energy fully acts on the blasted rock mass.

[0192] (7) Key technologies for rock blasting in goaf areas.

[0193] 1) Pillar mining blasting technology.

[0194] a. Research on the hole network parameters of the pillar mining blasting construction, conduct three-dimensional fine modeling of the site, determine the specific height, size and other related parameters of each pillar, as well as the stability of the surrounding roof and filling body, and design different blasting processes according to specific conditions to ensure the safe mining of the pillars and the block size meets the mining requirements;

[0195] b. Research on boundary-controlled blasting technology for pillar mining. While mining the pillars, the stability of the roof, floor and filling body of the goaf must be ensured. Therefore, the stability of the boundary during the pillar mining process must be ensured. Smooth blasting and other forms are used to reduce the disturbance of blasting operations on the retained rock mass. Through numerical simulation and calculation analysis, parameters such as blasting boundaries, uncoupling coefficients, and delay time are determined to achieve protection effects on the retained area.

[0196] c. Research on the vibration control technology of blasting for pillar recovery in goaf areas. Blasting vibration has adverse effects on the stability of underground space structures and the safety of underground machinery and workers. Therefore, monitoring instruments are arranged in key areas to target the blasting vibration generated during blasting operations for pillar recovery. By optimizing the blasting process, it is ensured that the blasting vibration generated during blasting meets safety standards.

[0197] 2) Multi-stage void and pillar filling coordinated technology.

[0198] Based on the refined three-dimensional geological model of the existing empty areas and pillars, and according to the determined empty pillar mining technology, the rock stratum movement and ground pressure change laws during the mining process are analyzed, and the development laws of rock stress and deformation under different mining sequence conditions are compared and analyzed. The ground pressure distribution law during the mining process is revealed, and the optimal mining sequence is then obtained.

[0199] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described or recorded in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0200] Experimental example.

[0201] (1) Static and dynamic mechanical properties test of rock.

[0202] 1) Analysis of mechanical properties of rock foundation.

[0203] In order to obtain the basic mechanical parameters of the rock in the underground mine study area, the YAW-600 pressure testing machine was used to conduct static tests on the rock to determine the mechanical parameters of the specimens, such as uniaxial compression strength, conventional triaxial compression strength, shear resistance, tension, elastic modulus, etc. The experimental process was carried out in accordance with the test method recommended by the "Railway Engineering Rock Test Code" (TB10115-2014). The RSM-SY5 acoustic wave tester and its supporting longitudinal wave transducer developed by the Wuhan Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences were used to measure the longitudinal wave velocity of the rock. The schematic diagram of the sample detection is shown in Figure 2 .

[0204] 2) Impact dynamics test.

[0205] This test requires applying different axial pressures and confining pressures to the rock specimens, and requires equipment with active confining pressure loading function. Therefore, a three-dimensional SHPB test system from a certain university of science and technology was finally selected, which can apply active confining pressures in the range of 0 to 100 MPa and axial static pressures in the range of 0 to 200 MPa to the rock specimens, and can generate impact loads of 0 to 500 MPa, which can achieve a wide range of high strain rates (100 to 10 3 s -1 The test was carried out in the rock mechanics laboratory of a certain university of science and technology.

[0206] (2) Classification of explosiveness of mineral rocks.

[0207] Rock blastability refers to the resistance of rock to blasting or the difficulty of blasting rock. It is a comprehensive reflection of the physical and mechanical properties of rock under dynamic load. Explosibility classification is to divide rock into grades of blastability based on quantitative indicators of rock blastability. It is an important basis for formulating blasting quotas, selecting blasting parameters, and conducting blasting design. It is also one of the scientific bases for the management of mining enterprises. Engineering practice has proved that the establishment of reasonable classification standards has a significant effect on improving the quality of blasting construction, accelerating project progress, and reducing construction costs. Therefore, it is of great significance to accurately classify the blastability of rock mass. The commonly used quantitative methods are as follows:

[0208] 1) Pusch rock solidity classification.

[0209] It is proposed to use the rock strength coefficient f as the main criterion, which is the famous Pusch classification method. The rock strength coefficient f represents the relative value of rock resistance to crushing. Because rock has the strongest compressive resistance, 1 / 10 of the rock's uniaxial compressive strength limit is taken as the rock's strength coefficient. The calculation formula of the rock strength coefficient is simple and clear, and the f value can be used to predict the rock's ability to resist crushing and its stability after drilling. According to the rock strength coefficient f, the rock can be divided into 10 levels, and the higher the level, the easier it is to break.

[0210] 2) Single factor classification method for explosiveness.

[0211] a. AH Khanukayev classified according to wave impedance.

[0212] The wave impedance of rock is the product of longitudinal wave velocity and rock density. It means the unit movement velocity of rock particles during blasting and the magnitude of stress that can be derived in the rock. AH Khanukayev of the Soviet Union studied the wave impedance of rock as a basis for blasting classification, which is a major progress in the study of rock blasting, because this indicator is measured in the rock mass on site, and the test instrument and test method are relatively simple. A large number of experimental studies have shown that the wave impedance of rock mass is not only related to the physical and mechanical properties of rock, but also depends on the fracture structure characteristics of rock.

[0213] b. B.K. Rubtsov estimated the grading of blasting fragments.

[0214] Different unit consumption of explosives will produce different bulk rates. Rubtsov stipulated the following standard blasting conditions: the diameter of the blasthole is not greater than 0.02 times the step height, the number of single-row blasting holes is not less than 5, the super-depth is not greater than 0.15 times the chassis resistance line, the blasthole proximity coefficient is 1, No. 6 waterproof ammonium nitrate explosive is used, continuous charging, the filling coefficient is 0.5, and instantaneous detonation.

[0215] c. B.B. Rizhevsky classified according to standard explosive consumption q.

[0216] Rizhewski suggested that the explosiveness of rock be determined by the standard explosive consumption q, which is closely related to the cracks.

[0217] d. CW Livingston's optimal bursting funnel indicator.

[0218] When studying the loosening blasting funnel law, a method for determining the explosiveness of rocks through blasting funnel experiments was developed. Livingston used the relationship that the minimum resistance line is proportional to the cube root of the amount of explosives.

[0219] 3) Multi-factor classification method for explosiveness.

[0220] a. B.H. Kutuzov comprehensive explosiveness classification.

[0221] This classification method combines multiple factors such as explosive consumption, rock strength and rock mass cracks, with explosive consumption as the main factor. The standard conditions for explosive consumption are: step height 10-15m, blast hole diameter 243mm. Ammonium ladder explosive, explosion heat 4190KJ / Kg. A large amount of statistical data shows that the deviation (mean square error) of explosive consumption is proportional to the 2 / 3 power of explosive consumption.

[0222] b. Comprehensive classification of rock explosiveness by Niu Qiang et al.

[0223] This classification method mainly considers the volume of the blasting funnel, the distribution of blasting fragments, and the relationship between rock wave impedance and rock blastability. The standard conditions are as follows: directly select a representative rock section at the blasting site of the mine to be classified, and drill vertical holes on a relatively complete rock mass with a free surface. The blasthole diameter is 45mm, the hole depth is 1m, and the hole spacing is 2m; No. 2 rock ammonium nitrate explosive is used, the charge amount per hole is 0.45Kg, continuous charging, gun mud plugging, and one No. 8 detonator is detonated. Test method: Before charging, use an ultrasonic instrument to measure the elastic longitudinal wave velocity of the rock mass. After charging and blasting, measure the large block rate (greater than 300mm), small block rate (less than 50mm), and average qualified rate (the cumulative average value of 50-100mm, 100-200mm and 200-300mm) of the blast pile rock, and measure and calculate the volume of the blasting funnel.

[0224] 4) Rock blastability classification using grey system theory.

[0225] a. Selection of grading indicators.

[0226] There are dozens of factors that affect the quality of rock blasting, and their combined effect determines the quality of rock blasting. However, due to the different purposes of theoretical analysis and field tests, and the limitations of various objective conditions, it is impossible and unnecessary to reflect all the influencing factors. Therefore, how to simply and reliably determine the main factors affecting the quality of rock blasting from many factors has become a basic problem in the theoretical and applied research of rock blasting, and is also a prerequisite for accurately controlling and predicting the quality of blasting. In the actual engineering system, the present invention often only knows part of the attributes or properties of the system, while the other part of the properties is unknown or uncertain. Therefore, the rock engineering geological system can be considered as a gray system. When it is required to judge the explosiveness level of the system, according to the gray system theory, this is actually a hierarchical decision clustering problem. At this time, the system is described by gray parameters, that is, the classification index of the explosiveness level is expressed by gray numbers. In this way, the gray clustering method in the gray system theory can be used to judge the grading of rock blastability.

[0227] The following two principles are followed: (1) it can reflect the explosive properties of the rock mass more comprehensively from different aspects; (2) it can be easily obtained through experiments or field tests. The rock strength coefficient f, the wave impedance of the rock, the unit consumption of explosives and the average crack spacing of the rock mass can be used as evaluation indicators for the explosiveness of the rock.

[0228] b. Grey clustering classification of rock blastability.

[0229] Let k = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 be typical categories, i = Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ be clustering elements, and j = 1#, 2#, 3#, 4# be clustering indices. Grey clustering classification method is to distinguish the categories to which clustering elements belong under clustering indices.

[0230] Firstly, according to the research results and habits of rock blastability classification, rocks are divided into five typical categories according to the difficulty of blastability, namely, easy to explode, medium to explode, difficult to explode and extremely difficult to explode. According to the grey system theory, they are regarded as typical categories k, k{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, and the factors affecting rock blastability are summarized into four indicators as clustering indicators j, j(1#, 2#, 3#, 4#), and the rock mass to be evaluated is regarded as clustering elements i, i{Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ}.

[0231] It is very important to select a classification method for the explosiveness level of the lithium ore rock blasting project in the Dangba mining area, which directly affects whether the explosiveness is accurately used to guide the construction. In the present invention, the classification of rock explosiveness is analyzed.

[0232] (3) Explosion funnel test.

[0233] 1) Single hole blasting funnel test.

[0234] The blastholes are arranged on the waistline of the test tunnel, that is, 1.2m away from the tunnel floor. The rock drill drills 18 (two groups) Φ40mm blastholes vertically on the tunnel side, with a drilling spacing of 1.5m. The designed blasthole depths are: 0.40m, 0.65m, 0.50m, 0.55m, 0.60m, 0.65m, 0.70m, 0.80m, 0.90m; the blastholes are arranged vertically on the free surface.

[0235] In order to ensure the reliability of the data obtained from the blasting funnel test, the rock powder left over from the drilling in the blasthole should be blown clean with water before charging, and the blasthole filling should be strictly in accordance with the design requirements. Therefore, after charging, it must be filled with gun mud that meets the safety requirements and compacted. Gun mud is commonly used with a 1:3 mud-sand mixture and a humidity of 18% to 20%. This gun mud has both good plasticity and a large friction coefficient. The blasting is initiated by digital electronic detonators, and one hole is blasted each time. Through the single-hole blasting funnel test, the optimal blasting funnel depth is sought. The test blasthole layout is shown in Figure 3 Schematic diagram of blasthole arrangement for single-hole blasting funnel test.

[0236] 2) The purpose of conducting variable hole spacing multi-hole same-section blasting funnel test is to study the blasting conditions of the ore and rock at the bottom of the blasting funnel formed when the hole spacing of two adjacent blast holes changes, so as to determine the reasonable range of the hole bottom distance and provide a basis for the subsequent design of the parameters of the deep stope blasting hole network. The optimal blasting funnel depth obtained from the single hole blasting funnel test was selected as the charging depth, and the variable hole spacing same-section blasting funnel test was carried out to calculate the unit explosive consumption q under the same-section blasting condition. In the variable hole spacing same-section blasting test, the blast hole spacing was designed to be a multiple of the optimal blasting funnel radius, and multi-hole same-section blasting was carried out, and the blast holes were perpendicular to the tunnel side.

[0237] 3) According to the blasting principle, when the charge is blasted, when the minimum resistance line is less than or equal to the radius of its destruction zone, the rock will be thrown or exploded, and when the resistance line is greater than its destruction radius, the charge will only produce internal explosion and cannot blast the charge to the rock on the free surface. Therefore, the resistance line is an important parameter of blasting. Based on this, the detailed parameters of horizontal medium and deep hole blasting, ore-gathering slot blasting, and eastern boundary deep hole blasting are designed.

[0238] (4) Numerical simulation technology.

[0239] 1) Algorithm selection.

[0240] ANSYS / LS-DYNA mainly includes Euler algorithm, Lagrange algorithm, Euler-Lagrange fluid-solid coupling algorithm, etc.

[0241] a. Lagrange algorithm.

[0242] The Lagrange algorithm attaches the grid to the material, and the grid deformation will proceed with the flow of the material. The material at the boundary will be defaulted to two types: passive and active, and sliding and separation between the active and passive are allowed. The algorithm can accurately capture the boundaries between various materials, but when simulating the destruction process such as rupture and fracture, it is necessary to use the method of material erosion failure to simulate the analysis and calculation. However, when the material structure is severely deformed, it may cause grid distortion, resulting in large errors in the calculation results, or even causing the calculation to terminate, and then secondary grid processing must be performed before the simulation calculation can continue.

[0243] b. Euler algorithm.

[0244] The Euler algorithm overlaps two layers of grids, fixes the spatial grid in the modeling space, and then flows another layer of grid (attached to the material) in the fixed spatial grid. Among them, the material grid will be deformed through Lagrange, and its state variables will be transmitted back or mapped to the spatial grid. The advantage of this algorithm is that the grid will not move or deform, and there will be no errors such as grid distortion. However, since different materials can be interchanged in the grid, the Euler algorithm occasionally encounters various problems due to inaccurate definition of material properties, and the material flow interface in the grid is difficult to distinguish; due to the transformation of materials in the grid, after the structural model is established, the simulation calculation time must be additionally determined, so its calculation time is longer than that of the Lagrange algorithm.

[0245] c. Euler algorithm and Euler-Lagrange fluid-solid coupling algorithm.

[0246] Euler algorithm and Euler-Lagrange fluid-solid coupling algorithm, referred to as ALE algorithm. This algorithm is a better algorithm developed by scientists CWHirt and AAAmsden in 1973 by combining the advantages of Lagrange algorithm and Euler algorithm. Compared with Euler algorithm, the algorithm is more accurate in simulating large distortion of material medium and movement of explosive medium. It can solve the numerical calculation problems caused by unit grid distortion and realize solid-fluid analysis. This algorithm process is to calculate a single or multiple Lagrange time steps first, and then execute the ALE algorithm, keep the boundary of the original model unchanged, re-grid the model, keep the topological relationship of the grid unchanged, and allow the selection of time step start and end time and calculation frequency. This algorithm can more easily solve various complex interaction problems between fluid and structure, especially the large displacement, large deformation and high-speed collision of the structure in space.

[0247] According to the analysis and actual situation of lithium ore blasting in Dangba mining area, LS-DYNAN software and ALE (Arbitrary Lagrange-Euler, which absorbs the advantages of Lagrange and Euler algorithms and introduces a reference configuration independent of material configuration and spatial configuration, so that the calculation grid can be moved arbitrarily, thereby avoiding the difficulties caused by unit distortion and free interface tracking) algorithm under ANSYS WORKBENCH platform are selected for numerical simulation.

[0248] 2) Determination of material constitutive model and parameters.

[0249] a. Rock mass constitutive structure and parameters.

[0250] The rock material model adopts the constitutive model such as "*MAT_PLASTIC_KINEMATIC" or "MAT_HJC", and the specific parameters are determined according to the static and dynamic mechanical test results of the rock after the present invention is carried out.

[0251] b. Explosive material model.

[0252] In ANSYS / LS-DYNA, the explosive material model uses the high-energy explosive material model “*MAT_HIGH_EXPLOSIVE_BURN” and uses the JWL state equation to simulate the explosion of the explosive during the blasting process. Its parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0253] Table 1 Explosive material model parameters

[0254]

[0255] The JWL state equation relationship when the explosive explodes is:

[0256]

[0257] Where P is the total pressure, A, B, R1, R2, ω are all material constants, V is the relative volume, E0 is the internal energy per unit volume, and e is the Reynolds index;

[0258] Table 2 Parameters of JWL state equation

[0259] Mat A / (Gpa) B / (Gpa) <![CDATA[R1]]> <![CDATA[R2]]> ω E / (Gpa) <![CDATA[V0]]> Explosives 214 1.82 4.16 0.96 0.3 4.192 0

[0260] c. Air material model

[0261] The air material model uses the blank material “*MAT_NULL”, and its parameters are shown in Table 3.

[0262] Table 3 Air material model parameters

[0263] Mat <![CDATA[ρ(kg·m -3 )]]> pc mu Terod cerod ym pr rock 1.29 0 0 0 0 0 0

[0264] The air material model uses a blank material *MAT_NULL, and the state equation of the LINEAR_POLYNOMIAL air fluid is:

[0265] P=C0+C1μ+C2μ 2 +C3μ 3 +(C4+C5μ+C6μ 2 )E0

[0266] μ=ρ / ρ0-1

[0267] Where C0, C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, and C6 are all real constants, u is the peak of the oscillation frequency domain signal of the single-hole slot blasting area detected in the oscillation mode, ρ is the rock density in the single-hole slot blasting area, and ρ0 is the rock density under the blasting volume.

[0268] The parameters in the formula are shown in Table 4.

[0269] Table 4 Parameters of LINEAR-POLYNOMIAL equation of state

[0270] Mat <![CDATA[C0]]> <![CDATA[C1]]> <![CDATA[C2]]> <![CDATA[C3]]> <![CDATA[C4]]> <![CDATA[C5]]> <![CDATA[C6]]> <![CDATA[E0]]> <![CDATA[V0]]> Air <![CDATA[-1E -6 ]]> 0 0 0 0.4 0.4 0 <![CDATA[2.5E -6 ]]> 0

[0271] 3) Model construction and calculation.

[0272] The model is constructed strictly in accordance with the proportional model consistent with the on-site dimensions, pending the reconstruction and calculation of the present invention.

[0273] (5) Field trials

[0274] Based on the above results, blasting plans for different blasting areas were determined, and industrial experiments were carried out to statistically analyze the blasting effects and verify the optimal blasting parameter group.

[0275] 1) Optimization of tunnel excavation blasting parameters and processes.

[0276] a. First of all, on-site construction personnel must be required to carry out construction according to the accurate hole layout position to ensure that the qualified rate of the slot holes and peripheral holes constructed meets the design requirements.

[0277] b. Optimize the blasting sequence of blast holes. Through the analysis of the current blasting network, it is found that there are unreasonable places in the blasting sequence of blast holes, which is easy to cause problems such as blasting clamping. The blasting sequence and delay time of the blast holes must be adjusted. The blast holes should be detonated in the order of forming a small free surface to transfer a large free surface.

[0278] c. Based on the basic theory, rock blastability classification and numerical simulation research results, optimization research is conducted on parameters such as blasting hole depth, angle, and hole bottom distance to reduce the probability of adverse effects of blasting and ensure production safety.

[0279] 2) Bottom upward fan-shaped hole blasting technology.

[0280] Calculate the economical and reasonable arrangement of the bottom upward fan-shaped holes. On the basis of the above, further propose a blasting sequence suitable for the characteristics of the upward fan-shaped hole blasting in the lithium mine of Dangba Mining Area to ensure the blasting effect. Carry out blasting vibration monitoring work and study the blasting attenuation law to guide the blasting design and control the harmful effects of blasting vibration.

[0281] 3) The upward blind shaft is completed by blasting in one go.

[0282] The size and number of hollow holes in the upward blind well blasting technology are calculated to ensure that there is enough compensation space during blasting. The number of expansion holes, delay time, charge amount and other related parameters are strictly controlled to ensure that the size of the well and the stability of the surrounding retained rock mass meet the design requirements.

[0283] 4) VCR mining blasting technology.

[0284] Determine the blasting parameters such as the filling length, charge, and delay time at both ends of the blasthole in the VCR mining method blasting construction, and calculate and optimize the blasting block size of the deep hole in the mine to improve the mining efficiency. Study the influence of blasting vibration on the stability of underground chamber structures, study the propagation law of blasting vibration, reduce blasting vibration by optimizing blasting parameters, and ensure the safety and stability of mine structures.

[0285] 5) Mineral and rock blasting technology in goaf areas.

[0286] The spatial position distribution of the retained pillars in the goaf is modeled in three dimensions, and detailed blasting parameters are designed according to the specific conditions of the pillars to ensure the stability of the roof and floor during the mining process. Blasting vibration monitoring is also carried out to ensure that the blasting vibration generated during the mining blasting meets the safety standards.

[0287] (6)Instruments and equipment.

[0288] Including DH3817 dynamic and static strain testing system, RSM-SY5 (T) non-metallic acoustic wave detector, digital ultrasonic flaw detector (CTS-2000Plus), IDT high-speed camera, press, three-dimensional dynamic and static combined SHPB and other experimental and testing equipment, which can provide support for the static load and cyclic dynamic load combined impact mechanics test of the present invention.

[0289] 4.Technological innovations.

[0290] The present invention is based on the physical and mechanical parameters and blastability levels measured by different minerals and rocks, and obtains different blasting parameter combinations for various blasting operation requirements in different regions and environments, which can provide system support for mine blasting operations;

[0291] Construct a blasting parameter design system under different blasting operation requirements to provide systematic data support for mine blasting operations; and provide theoretical support for the selection of mine filling materials.

[0292] By determining the blasting parameters through model tests, theoretical analysis, numerical calculations and other methods, it is possible to provide corresponding blasting scheme groups for different ore and rock masses, thereby reducing on-site tests, improving the safety and work efficiency of on-site blasting operations, and saving manpower, material and financial resources.

[0293] The present invention analyzes the changes in blasting parameters under different blasting operation requirements, analyzes the influence of relevant parameters such as explosive unit consumption, minimum resistance line and uncoupling coefficient on blasting effect, and establishes corresponding calculation models; while enriching the theory of broken rock movement, it can guide the parameter optimization work.

[0294] The blasting parameter design system analyzed in the present invention can reduce the economic investment of enterprises in underground mine blasting, reduce production costs, improve operation efficiency, and improve safety and economy. It has important theoretical and practical significance for ensuring mine safety production and improving economic benefits.

[0295] The present invention will provide a scientific basis for ensuring the smooth progress of underground mine blasting work, so as to solve the problems of high production cost and poor blasting effect in traditional blasting.

[0296] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention and within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for underground mining blasting for different mineral rocks, characterized in that: The method includes: S1, determine the blastability classification of different mineral rocks according to different mineral rocks; S2, determine the unit consumption blasting parameter index of different minerals and rocks in different blasting operations; S3, determine the blasting construction process parameter indicators for slot blasting, smooth blasting, and medium-deep hole blasting, and provide data for mine blasting construction; In step S2, the unit consumption blasting parameter indexes of different minerals and rocks in different blasting operations are determined, including: Design blasting funnel test according to the dynamic mechanical properties of ore rock, determine the best unit consumption of different types of surrounding rock and ore rock, and the influence of different joint development degrees on rock crushing degree and fragment throwing; According to the results of the single-hole blasting funnel test, a multi-hole blasting funnel test was designed, and a multi-hole slot blasting test was conducted to determine the influence of the hole spacing and delay time parameters on the important evaluation parameters of the blasting funnel volume and depth; Determine the influence of hole spacing and delay time parameters on the important evaluation parameters of blasting funnel volume and depth, including: Step 1, fix the blasting funnel test laser instrument on the blasting funnel test laser instrument fixing frame, and adjust the position and distance, fix the image recognition equipment, filter, and high-speed camera on the fixing frame on the other side, and use the blasting funnel test laser instrument to emit a grid-shaped laser grid; use the blasting funnel test laser instrument to emit a grid-shaped laser grid, and use the image recognition equipment on the other side of the multi-hole groove detection equipment to receive the grid-shaped laser grid; Step 2: using a high-speed camera to capture a shadow area image caused by a single-hole slot blasting area blocking the laser grid during the interval period when the blasting funnel test laser instrument stops working; using an infrared thermometer, a data acquisition card and an external trigger to collect a volume field image of the same single-hole slot blasting area at the same time during the interval period when the blasting funnel test laser instrument stops working; Step 3, fitting the contour curve of the single-hole slot blasting area according to the obtained shadow area image, extracting and calculating the oscillation frequency and radius of the single-hole slot blasting area, and calculating the average volume of the surface of the single-hole slot blasting area according to the volume field image; Step 4, calculate according to the established calculation model based on the obtained single-hole slot blasting area oscillation frequency, average single-hole slot blasting area radius, and single-hole slot blasting area surface average volume information to obtain important evaluation parameters of blasting funnel volume and depth in real time.

2. The underground mining blasting method for different ores and rocks according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, different blastability classifications of different ores and rocks are determined for different ores and rocks, including: S101, static and dynamic tests of lithium ore rock mass and confirmation of explosiveness classification. Through static and acoustic tests, static mechanical tests are carried out on rocks with different lithologies and different degrees of joint development to obtain static tensile and compressive strength mechanical parameters, and acoustic tests are carried out to obtain basic wave velocity parameters of different lithologies; S102, dynamic mechanical properties test of rock mass; S103, by sorting and analyzing the rock compressive strength, bulk density, rock integrity and engineering geological parameters, a weight model is established through mathematical analysis software to determine the key parameters affecting the rock blastability, and a lithium ore blastability classification standard is established based on the actual situation at the mine site.

3. The underground mining blasting method for different ores and rocks according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S102, the rock mass dynamic mechanical properties test includes: Conduct dynamic mechanical properties tests on ore rocks, conduct dynamic compression and dynamic tensile tests using the SHPB dynamic impact test device, obtain dynamic crushing energy consumption curves of ore rocks, and determine the impact of the degree of ore rock joint development on rock crushing size and energy consumption; Dynamic mechanical tests were carried out under uniaxial and triaxial confining pressure conditions to obtain the stress changes and deformation characteristics of the rock mass during dynamic destruction under geostress conditions. The influence of dynamic changes in confining pressure on the mechanical properties of lithium ore rock was determined through the deformation characteristics and time curves of the rock mass during dynamic excavation.

4. The underground mining blasting method for different ores and rocks according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S103, key parameters affecting rock blastability are determined, including: The rock material model adopts *MAT_PLASTIC_KINEMATIC or MAT_HJC constitutive model, which is determined according to the results of static and dynamic mechanical tests of rock; In ANSYS / LS-DYNA, the explosive material model uses the high-energy explosive material model *MAT_HIGH_EXPLOSIVE_BURN, and uses the JWL state equation to simulate the explosion of explosives during the blasting process. The JWL state equation relationship during the explosion of explosives is: Where P is the total pressure, A, B, R1, R2, ω are all material constants, V is the relative volume, E0 is the internal energy per unit volume, and e is the Reynolds index; The air material model uses a blank material *MAT_NULL, and the state equation of the LINEAR_POLYNOMIAL air fluid is: P=C0+C1μ+C2μ 2 +C3μ 3 +(C4+C5μ+C6μ 2 )E0 μ=ρ / ρ0-1 Where C0, C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, and C6 are all real constants, u is the peak of the oscillation frequency domain signal of the single-hole slot blasting area detected in the oscillation mode, ρ is the rock density in the single-hole slot blasting area, and ρ0 is the rock density under the blasting volume.

5. The underground mining blasting method for different ores and rocks according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3, the shadow area image includes: Obtain an image of the shadow area caused by a single-hole slot blasting area shielding the laser grid during the interval period when the laser instrument of the blasting funnel test stops working, extract the time domain signal of the shadow area change in the laser grid caused by the transitional single-hole slot blasting area shielding, obtain the contour curve of the single-hole slot blasting area by fitting, obtain the change of the maximum length in the horizontal and vertical directions on the contour curve of the single-hole slot blasting area, extract the oscillation frequency of the single-hole slot blasting area by fast Fourier transform, calculate the equivalent single-hole slot blasting area radius at the same time, and calculate the average value, so as to obtain the oscillation frequency of the single-hole slot blasting area and the equivalent single-hole slot blasting area radius value; The fitting obtains the contour curve of the single-hole slot blasting area, including: (1) With the lower left corner vertex of the single-hole slot blasting area image as the origin, the lower edge of the image as the X-axis, and the left edge of the image as the Y-axis, a rectangular coordinate system XOY is established with the length and width of the pixel as the unit length; (2) performing image processing to extract the coordinates of the breakpoints of the laser grid, and converting the rectangular coordinate system coordinates of the breakpoints into coordinate values ​​in a polar coordinate system with the center of the circle as the pole; (3) The least squares method is used to fit the curve in polar coordinates, and the polar coordinate curve equation of the single-hole slot blasting area contour is obtained as follows: k=A0+A1θ+A2θ 2 +A3θ 3 Where k is the polar coordinate curve expression of the single-hole slot blasting area contour, A0, A1, A2, A3 are the reference single-hole slot, the first single-hole slot, the second single-hole slot, and the third single-hole slot, θ is the incident fan angle, θ n is the nth incident fan angle.

6. The underground mining blasting method for different ores and rocks according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step (2), image processing is performed to extract the coordinates of the laser grid breakpoints, including: The image is binarized, the skeleton contour of the laser grid is extracted using the skeleton algorithm, the search interval is reduced using the circular fitting function, the points at the breakpoints of each line are found, and the coordinate values ​​of all the searched breakpoints are output; The step of converting the obtained rectangular coordinate system coordinates of the breakpoint into coordinate values ​​in a polar coordinate system with the center of the circle as the pole includes: Collect all coordinate values, find the average of the maximum and minimum values ​​in the X-axis direction, and find the average of the maximum and minimum values ​​in the Y-axis direction, and use them as the center of the approximate circle, that is, the coordinates of the pole (e0, h0); use the rectangular coordinate to polar coordinate formula to convert the coordinates of all breakpoints to the coordinate values ​​of polar coordinates with (e0, h0) as the pole using the following formula, the expression is: Where, e is the abscissa, h is the ordinate, e0 is the extreme point abscissa, h0 is the extreme point ordinate, A is the single hole cut, kctAn is the nth single hole cut conversion rate; If h-h0>0, the value of θ is directly calculated by the formula; If h-h0>0, e-e0<0 or h-h0<0, e-e0<0, then the value of θ is the calculated result plus 180°; If h-h0<0, e-e0>0, then the value of θ is the calculated result plus 360°; The method of obtaining the change of the maximum length in the horizontal and vertical directions on the contour curve of the single-hole slot blasting area, extracting the oscillation frequency of the single-hole slot blasting area by fast Fourier transform, and calculating the equivalent single-hole slot blasting area radius includes: Draw a unit circle with a radius of 1 mm on the image recognition device, and use a high-speed camera fixed to the image recognition device to take a picture of the image recognition device to obtain an image of the unit circle; find the center point o (X o , Y o ), the minimum point A(X A , Y A ), the minimum point B (X B , Y B ), the actual size of the unit pixel in the image in the vertical Y-axis and horizontal X-axis directions is: Where M h is the actual size of the unit pixel in the vertical Y-axis direction, M e is the actual size of the unit pixel in the horizontal X-axis direction; The incident fan angle of the beam emitted by the blasting funnel test laser instrument is θ, the distance between the blasting funnel test laser instrument and the welding wire is u1, and the distance between the image recognition device and the welding wire is u2. Then the radius K′ of the imaging single-hole slot blasting area and the radius K of the actual single-hole slot blasting area are: If the maximum number of pixels in the horizontal and vertical directions of the area blocked by the single-hole slot blasting area is n respectively, e and n h , then the maximum length of the single-hole slot blasting area in the X and Y directions is: Where U e is the maximum length of the single-hole slot blasting area in the X direction, U h The maximum length of the single-hole slot blasting area in the Y direction; The single-hole slot blasting area with an elliptical cross section is equivalent to a circular single-hole slot blasting area according to the principle of equivalent area, and then: Where, Q is the diameter of the equivalent single-hole slot blasting area, Q = 2K; Extract the K value of each image in a single hole slot blasting area generation cycle and calculate its average value Get the average single hole blasting area radius Real-time acquisition of important evaluation parameters of blasting funnel volume and depth, the expression is: ρ=ρ0-α(F-F0) Where γ is the surface tension of the single-hole slot blasting area, f is the oscillation frequency of the single-hole slot blasting area, is the average radius of the single-hole slot blasting area, u is the peak of the oscillation frequency domain signal of the single-hole slot blasting area detected in the oscillation mode, ρ is the rock density of the single-hole slot blasting area, ρ0 is the rock density under the blasting volume, α is the volume coefficient of density, F is the average volume of the surface rock in the single-hole slot blasting area, and F0 is the metal blasting volume.

7. The underground mining blasting method for different ores and rocks according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the blasting construction process related parameter indicators of slot blasting, smooth blasting, and medium-deep hole blasting are determined, including: (1) Optimization of tunnel excavation blasting parameters; (2) Optimization of bottom upward fan-shaped hole blasting process parameters; (3) Using VCR mining method to obtain blasting parameters; (4) Optimization of construction process parameters for the single well blasting of the upward blind shaft; (5) Optimization of construction process parameters for rock blasting in goaf areas.

8. A blasting operation system for underground mining of different minerals and rocks, characterized in that: The system is implemented by the underground mining blasting method for different mineral rocks according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and the system comprises: The explosiveness classification module is used to determine the explosiveness classification of different mineral rocks according to different mineral rocks; The unit consumption blasting parameter index determination module is used to determine the unit consumption blasting parameter index of different minerals and rocks in different blasting operations; The construction process related parameter index determination module is used to determine the blasting construction process parameter indexes in slot blasting, smooth blasting, and medium-deep hole blasting, and provide data for mine blasting construction.

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