Energy information transmission method, device and equipment of aggregate operation system

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of information transmission technology, and specifically to an energy information transmission method, device and equipment of an aggregated operation system. The present invention obtains the grid contribution index of each virtual power plant and the information and electricity applicability of each virtual power plant to each dimensional energy information by analyzing the corresponding dimensional energy information of different types of virtual power plants; combines the electric energy attention factor and grid contribution index of each virtual power plant to each dimensional energy information, and obtains the compression index of each virtual power plant for each dimension of energy information; obtains the information universality factor of each dimensional energy information according to the fluctuation characteristics of the data sequence of the virtual power plant corresponding to each dimensional energy information, and the number of corresponding virtual power plants; and then obtains the final compression level of each virtual power plant for each dimensional energy information; and compresses and transmits the energy information. The present invention improves the efficiency of information transmission by obtaining the accurate compression level of the virtual power plant for each dimensional energy information.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of information transmission, and in particular to an energy information transmission method, device and equipment for an aggregate operation system. Background Art

[0002] The aggregation operation system is mainly used to realize the online monitoring and operation and maintenance management of multiple distributed energy sources. It collects relevant data of many virtual power plants to realize 7*24 hours visual monitoring of energy information data, and then supports power regulation, equipment operation and maintenance, site management and user display. After collecting data from all parties, the existing aggregation operation system first compresses them to a certain extent, and then transmits them to the centralized control platform through relevant technologies such as power line carrier communication technology and wireless communication technology. The centralized control platform analyzes and processes a lot of data, and compresses the corresponding data and feeds it back to the corresponding virtual power plant and many users.

[0003] In the prior art, data compression is performed by judging whether the data is important based on the stability and change characteristics of the data sequence itself; however, in an aggregated operation system, different data have different importance to various virtual power plants, and the existing unified method of judging the importance of data based on the stability of the data itself does not reflect this. As a result, unified compression transmission will cause virtual power plants that focus on certain important data to be unable to accurately obtain the corresponding data information, resulting in the loss of some important data and poor information transmission effect. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the technical problem that unified compression transmission will cause the virtual power plant that focuses on certain important data to be unable to accurately obtain the corresponding data information, resulting in poor information transmission effect, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an energy information transmission method, device and equipment for an aggregated operation system, and the technical solution adopted is as follows:

[0005] The present invention proposes an energy information transmission method for an aggregated operation system, the method comprising:

[0006] Obtain multi-dimensional energy information of each virtual power plant of different types in the aggregated operation system, and obtain the data sequence of each dimensional energy information of each virtual power plant in time sequence;

[0007] According to the number of virtual power plants of the same type corresponding to each virtual power plant, the grid contribution index of each virtual power plant is obtained; according to the number of dimensions of energy information of virtual power plants of the same type corresponding to each virtual power plant, and the number of virtual power plants corresponding to each dimension of energy information, the information and electricity applicability of each virtual power plant to each dimension of energy information is obtained;

[0008] According to the information and electricity applicability of energy information of different dimensions in each virtual power plant, and the similarity of the data sequence between the energy information of each dimension and the energy information of different other dimensions, the electric energy attention factor of each virtual power plant for each dimension of energy information is obtained; according to the electric energy attention factor of each virtual power plant for each dimension of energy information and the grid contribution index, the compression index of each dimension of energy information transmitted by each virtual power plant is obtained;

[0009] According to the fluctuation characteristics of the data sequence of the virtual power plant corresponding to each dimension of energy information and the number of corresponding virtual power plants, the information universality factor of each dimension of energy information is obtained; according to the compression index of each virtual power plant for each dimension of energy information and the information universality factor, the final compression level of each virtual power plant for each dimension of energy information is obtained;

[0010] The energy information is compressed and transmitted according to the final compression level of each dimension of energy information of each virtual power plant.

[0011] Furthermore, the method for obtaining the power grid contribution index includes:

[0012] Obtain the installed capacity of each virtual power plant, standardize the installed capacity of all virtual power plants, and obtain the capacity contribution index of each virtual power plant;

[0013] According to the capacity contribution index of each virtual power plant and the number of virtual power plants of the same type, the grid contribution index of each virtual power plant is obtained. The capacity contribution index is positively correlated with the grid contribution index, and the number of virtual power plants is negatively correlated with the grid contribution index.

[0014] The formula of the power grid contribution index is expressed as:

[0015] ;

[0016] in, Virtual Power Plant Grid contribution indicators; Virtual Power Plant Corresponding to the number of virtual power plants of the same type; Virtual Power Plant installed capacity; express Normalization function; Virtual Power Plant The standardized fraction of installed capacity; represents the hyperbolic tangent function.

[0017] Furthermore, the method for obtaining the telecommunication suitability includes:

[0018] Obtain the mean number of dimensions of energy information of all virtual power plants of the same type corresponding to each virtual power plant, and round it up to the nearest integer as the average number of dimensions;

[0019] The ratio of the number of virtual power plants corresponding to each dimension of energy information of the same type to the average number of dimensions is calculated as the power applicability of each virtual power plant to each dimension of energy information.

[0020] Furthermore, the method for obtaining the electric energy attention factor includes:

[0021] In each virtual power plant, the DTW distance of the data sequence between each dimension of energy information and each other dimension of energy information is obtained, and a negative correlation mapping is performed as the similarity between each dimension of energy information and each other dimension of energy information;

[0022] According to the information and electricity applicability of each other dimensional energy information, weight the similarity between each dimensional energy information and each other dimensional energy information to obtain the weighted similarity between each dimensional energy information and each other dimensional energy information;

[0023] According to the information-electricity applicability of each dimension of energy information in each virtual power plant, and the weighted similarity between each dimension of energy information and all other dimension of energy information, the electric energy attention factor of each virtual power plant for each dimension of energy information is obtained, and both the information-electricity applicability and the weighted similarity are positively correlated with the electric energy attention factor;

[0024] The negative correlation mapping method uses the inverse of the DTW distance to achieve negative correlation mapping, and it is necessary to artificially add a parameter in the denominator, such as 0.01;

[0025] The formula of the electric energy concern factor is:

[0026] ;

[0027] ;

[0028] in, Virtual Power Plant For The electric energy attention factor of dimensional energy information; Virtual Power Plant For The applicability of energy information to the telecommunications industry; Virtual Power Plant Middle The mean of the weighted similarity between the dimension energy information and all other dimension energy information; Virtual Power Plant Middle Dimensional energy information and other DTW distance of data sequences between dimensional energy information; Virtual Power Plant For other The applicability of energy information to the telecommunications industry; Indicates that except The amount of energy information in other dimensions besides the energy information in the dimension.

[0029] Further, the electric energy concern factor and the grid contribution index are both negatively correlated with the compression index;

[0030] The formula of the compression index is expressed as:

[0031] ;

[0032] in, Virtual Power Plant For Compression index of dimensional energy information; Virtual Power Plant Grid contribution indicators; Virtual Power Plant For The electric energy attention factor of dimensional energy information; represents the hyperbolic tangent function.

[0033] Furthermore, the method for obtaining the information universality factor includes:

[0034] Obtaining a first difference between the number of all virtual power plants and the number of virtual power plants corresponding to each dimension of energy information;

[0035] The standard deviation of the data in the data sequence corresponding to each virtual power plant of each dimension of energy information is obtained as a fluctuation feature; the mean of the fluctuation features of all virtual power plants corresponding to each dimension of energy information is calculated as the average fluctuation level;

[0036] According to the first difference and the average fluctuation level of energy information in each dimension, the information universality factor of energy information in each dimension is obtained. The first difference and the average fluctuation level are negatively correlated with the information universality factor.

[0037] Furthermore, the method for obtaining the final compression level includes:

[0038] If the compression index of each virtual power plant for each dimension of energy information is greater than or equal to the preset compression screening threshold, the maximum value of the compression index of each virtual power plant for each dimension of energy information and the information universality factor is selected as the adjustment weight; otherwise, the minimum value of the compression index of each virtual power plant for each dimension of energy information and the information universality factor is selected as the adjustment weight;

[0039] The adjustment weights and preset level parameters are integrated to obtain the final compression level of each dimension of energy information for each virtual power plant;

[0040] The formula for the final compression level is expressed as:

[0041] ;

[0042] in, Virtual Power Plant For Final compression level of dimensional energy information; Indicates The information universality factor of dimensional energy information; Virtual Power Plant For Compression index of dimensional energy information; Indicates the preset compression filtering threshold; It represents the maximum value function; Represents the minimum value function; Indicates rounding up; Indicates the preset level parameters.

[0043] Furthermore, the similarity between each dimensional energy information and each other dimensional energy information is weighted according to the telecommunication and electricity applicability of each other dimensional energy information to obtain the weighted similarity between each dimensional energy information and each other dimensional energy information, including:

[0044] The information and electricity applicability of each other dimensional energy information and the product of the similarity between each dimensional energy information and each other dimensional energy information are calculated as the weighted similarity between each dimensional energy information and each other dimensional energy information.

[0045] The present invention also proposes an energy information transmission device for an aggregated operation system, including a data acquisition module, a dimension applicability analysis module, a compression index analysis module, a compression level determination module, and an information transmission module:

[0046] Data acquisition module: obtains multi-dimensional energy information of each virtual power plant of different types in the aggregated operation system, and obtains the data sequence of each dimension of energy information of each virtual power plant in time sequence;

[0047] Dimensional applicability analysis module: According to the number of virtual power plants of the same type corresponding to each virtual power plant, the grid contribution index of each virtual power plant is obtained; according to the number of dimensions of energy information of virtual power plants of the same type corresponding to each virtual power plant, and the number of virtual power plants corresponding to each dimension of energy information, the power applicability of each virtual power plant to each dimension of energy information is obtained;

[0048] Compression index analysis module: according to the information and electricity applicability of energy information of different dimensions in each virtual power plant, and the similarity of the data sequence between energy information of each dimension and energy information of different other dimensions, obtain the power attention factor of each virtual power plant for energy information of each dimension; according to the power attention factor and the grid contribution index of each virtual power plant to energy information of each dimension, obtain the compression index of each energy information dimension transmitted by each virtual power plant;

[0049] Compression level determination module: according to the fluctuation characteristics of the data sequence of the virtual power plant corresponding to each dimension of energy information and the number of corresponding virtual power plants, obtain the information universality factor of each dimension of energy information; according to the compression index of each virtual power plant for each dimension of energy information and the information universality factor, obtain the final compression level of each virtual power plant for each dimension of energy information;

[0050] Information transmission module: compresses and transmits energy information according to the final compression level of each virtual power plant for each dimension of energy information.

[0051] The present invention also proposes an energy information transmission device for an aggregated operation system, comprising a processor, a memory, and a program or instruction stored in the memory and running on the processor. When the program or instruction is executed by the processor, the steps of an energy information transmission method for an aggregated operation system as described above are implemented.

[0052] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0053] The present invention obtains the grid contribution index of each virtual power plant according to the number of virtual power plants of the same type corresponding to each virtual power plant, and quantifies the contribution of each virtual power plant by comparing the number of virtual power plants of the same type; obtains the signal-to-electricity applicability of each virtual power plant to each dimensional energy information according to the number of dimensions of energy information of virtual power plants of the same type corresponding to each virtual power plant, and the number of virtual power plants corresponding to each dimensional energy information, and evaluates the applicability or effectiveness of each virtual power plant in different energy information dimensions; obtains the electric energy attention factor of each virtual power plant to each dimensional energy information according to the signal-to-electricity applicability of different dimensional energy information in each virtual power plant, and the similarity of data sequences between each dimensional energy information and different other dimensional energy information, and measures the degree of attention of the virtual power plant to energy information of different dimensions; taking into account information with lower importance or smaller fluctuations, a higher compression ratio can be used to obtain the electric energy information of each virtual power plant. And reduce the amount of data transmission, according to the electric energy attention factor and grid contribution index of each virtual power plant for each dimension of energy information, obtain the compression index of each virtual power plant for transmitting each dimension of energy information, and compress each dimension of energy information to different degrees; consider the universality and importance of each dimension of energy information in all virtual power plants, according to the fluctuation characteristics of the data sequence of each dimension of energy information corresponding to the virtual power plant, and the number of corresponding virtual power plants, obtain the information universality factor of each dimension of energy information; according to the compression index of each virtual power plant for each dimension of energy information, and the information universality factor, obtain the final compression level of each virtual power plant for each dimension of energy information, consider the virtual power plant's attention and contribution to the dimension energy information, as well as the universality and importance in the global scope, determine the final compression level for each dimension of energy information of each virtual power plant; compress and transmit the energy information. The present invention improves the efficiency of information transmission by obtaining the accurate compression level of each dimension of energy information of the virtual power plant. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0055] Figure 1 A flow chart of an energy information transmission method of an aggregated operation system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 2 A flow chart of a method for obtaining an electric energy attention factor provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 3A flow chart of a method for obtaining a universal information factor provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 4 A structural block diagram of an energy information transmission device of an aggregate operation system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the energy information transmission method, device and equipment of an aggregated operation system proposed by the present invention, its specific implementation method, structure, features and effects are described in detail as follows in combination with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, specific features, structures or characteristics in one or more embodiments may be combined in any suitable form.

[0060] Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

[0061] The following is a detailed description of a method, device and equipment for transmitting energy information of an aggregated operation system provided by the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0062] See also Figure 1 , which shows a flow chart of an energy information transmission method of an aggregated operation system provided by an embodiment of the present invention, and the specific method includes:

[0063] Step S1: Obtain multi-dimensional energy information of each virtual power plant of different types in the aggregated operation system, and obtain a data sequence of each dimensional energy information of each virtual power plant in time sequence.

[0064] In an embodiment of the present invention, considering that different types of virtual power plants have different functions and different needs for various data information, it is necessary to analyze the importance of different virtual power plants; in an aggregated operation system, there are various types of virtual power plants, such as wind turbine virtual power plants, photovoltaic virtual power plants, energy storage virtual power plants, load virtual power plants, composite virtual power plants, etc., and different virtual power plants pay attention to different energy information. For example, the energy information that energy storage power plants pay attention to is mainly related to the time, energy, power, etc. of electric energy storage and retrieval, and the energy information that power generation power plants pay attention to is mainly power generation data and related environmental data that affects power generation. Therefore, each virtual power plant needs to pay attention to different energy information, and the degree of attention to different energy information varies. In order to ensure the effectiveness of energy information transmission, it is necessary to analyze the degree of attention to energy information in each virtual power plant. First, obtain multi-dimensional energy information of each virtual power plant of different types in the aggregated operation system, and obtain a data sequence of each dimensional energy information of each virtual power plant in time sequence, wherein one dimension corresponds to one type of energy information.

[0065] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present invention, since energy information data of different dimensions in the virtual power plant is obtained, in order to facilitate subsequent data processing and avoid differences in units and numerical magnitudes between the data, the data is standardized to eliminate the influence of dimensions in data calculations.

[0066] Step S2: According to the number of virtual power plants of the same type corresponding to each virtual power plant, the grid contribution index of each virtual power plant is obtained; according to the number of dimensions of energy information of virtual power plants of the same type corresponding to each virtual power plant, and the number of virtual power plants corresponding to each dimension of energy information, the power applicability of each virtual power plant to each dimension of energy information is obtained.

[0067] Virtual power plants are of different types and sizes, and their contributions to the aggregated operation system are different. The more virtual power plants of the same type there are, the more the function of the corresponding virtual power plant can be replaced by several other virtual power plants of the same type. The lower the importance, the smaller the contribution to the virtual power grid. Therefore, the power grid contribution index of each virtual power plant is obtained based on the number of virtual power plants of the same type corresponding to each virtual power plant.

[0068] Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, the method for obtaining the power grid contribution index includes:

[0069] Taking into account the different installed capacities of virtual power plants and their different contributions to virtual power plants, a larger virtual power plant can provide more electricity and load; obtain the installed capacity of each virtual power plant, standardize the installed capacity of all virtual power plants, and obtain the capacity contribution index of each virtual power plant;

[0070] According to the capacity contribution index of each virtual power plant and the number of virtual power plants of the same type, the grid contribution index of each virtual power plant is obtained. The capacity contribution index is positively correlated with the grid contribution index, and the number of virtual power plants is negatively correlated with the grid contribution index.

[0071] Among them, the positive correlation indicates that the dependent variable will increase as the independent variable increases, and the dependent variable will decrease as the independent variable decreases, that is, the larger the capacity contribution index is, the more electricity and load it can contribute, and the larger the grid contribution index is; the negative correlation indicates that the dependent variable will decrease as the independent variable increases, and the dependent variable will increase as the independent variable decreases, that is, the more virtual power plants of the same type are, the more virtual power plants of the same type can perform operations in power dispatching, the higher the substitutability is, and the smaller the grid contribution index is.

[0072] In one embodiment of the present invention, the formula of the power grid contribution index is expressed as:

[0073] ;

[0074] in, Virtual Power Plant Grid contribution indicators; Virtual Power Plant Corresponding to the number of virtual power plants of the same type; Virtual Power Plant installed capacity; express Normalization function; Virtual Power Plant The standardized fraction of installed capacity; represents the hyperbolic tangent function.

[0075] In the formula of the grid contribution index, the virtual power plant The larger the standardized score of installed capacity, the larger the relative scale of the corresponding virtual power plant among all virtual power plants, the larger the capacity contribution index, and the larger the grid contribution index; if the number of virtual power plants of the same type increases, the greater the substitutability, and the smaller the grid contribution index.

[0076] Since the amount of information that a virtual power plant pays attention to during operation is limited, and the importance of different energy information is different, by analyzing the number of dimensions of energy information of each virtual power plant corresponding to the same type of virtual power plant, it reflects the information that virtual power plants of the same type generally pay attention to. The more information is concerned, the less attention each energy information receives. If the number of virtual power plants corresponding to each dimension of energy information of the same type is greater, it means that the energy information of this dimension receives more attention, and the higher the credibility and importance in the virtual power plant, the greater the applicability of information and power. Therefore, according to the number of dimensions of energy information of virtual power plants of the same type corresponding to each virtual power plant, and the number of virtual power plants corresponding to each dimension of energy information, the applicability of information and power for each virtual power plant to each dimension of energy information is obtained.

[0077] Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, the method for obtaining telecommunication suitability includes:

[0078] Obtain the mean number of dimensions of energy information of all virtual power plants of the same type corresponding to each virtual power plant, and round it up to the nearest integer as the average number of dimensions;

[0079] Calculate the ratio of the number of virtual power plants corresponding to each dimension of energy information under the same type to the average number of dimensions as the power applicability of each virtual power plant to each dimension of energy information.

[0080] In one embodiment of the present invention, the formula for telecommunication suitability is expressed as:

[0081] ;

[0082] in, Virtual Power Plant For The applicability of energy information to the telecommunications industry; Virtual Power Plant Corresponding to the same type The dimension energy information corresponds to the number of virtual power plants; Virtual Power Plant The average number of dimensions of energy information corresponding to all virtual power plants of the same type.

[0083] In the formula for the applicability of telecommunications, virtual power plants The larger the mean number of dimensions of energy information for all virtual power plants of the same type, the larger the average number of dimensions, that is, the more energy information the virtual power plants of the corresponding type have a basic understanding of, and the larger the average number of dimensions, the larger the average number of dimensions. The smaller the number of virtual power plants corresponding to the dimensional energy information, the less important it is, and the smaller the applicability of the information power. The more dimensional energy information corresponds to virtual power plants, the more important it is, and the greater the applicability of information and electricity.

[0084] Step S3: According to the electrical and electronic applicability of energy information of different dimensions in each virtual power plant, and the similarity between energy information of each dimension and energy information of different other dimensions, obtain the electric energy attention factor of each virtual power plant for energy information of each dimension; according to the electric energy attention factor of each virtual power plant for energy information of each dimension and the grid contribution index, obtain the compression index of each virtual power plant for each energy information dimension.

[0085] Different virtual power plants require different necessary information for operation, and they have different sensitivities to different information, that is, each virtual power plant pays different attention to different information during operation, so that the virtual power plant is affected by the change of energy information in this dimension to different degrees during operation. The more important the dimensional energy information is, the greater the signal-to-electricity applicability is, and the impact it has on the virtual power plant is greater than that of other dimensions. By analyzing the similarity of dimensional energy information to other dimensional energy information, the response correlation between dimensional energy information and all other dimensional energy information is reflected. If the similarity is greater, the dimensional energy information affects the results of other dimensional energy information in the virtual power plant more, the higher the importance is, and the greater the electric energy attention factor is. According to the signal-to-electricity applicability of different dimensional energy information in each virtual power plant, and the similarity between each dimensional energy information and different other dimensional energy information, the electric energy attention factor of each virtual power plant to each dimensional energy information is obtained.

[0086] Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, the method for obtaining the electric energy attention factor can be found in Figure 2 , which shows a flow chart of a method for obtaining an electric energy concern factor, including:

[0087] Step S201: In each virtual power plant, the DTW distance of the data sequence between each dimensional energy information and each other dimensional energy information is obtained, and negative correlation mapping is performed as the similarity between each dimensional energy information and each other dimensional energy information.

[0088] DTW distance is a method to measure the similarity between two data sequences. The smaller the DTW distance, the higher the similarity between the two data sequences.

[0089] It should be noted that, in one embodiment of the present invention, the inverse of the DTW distance is calculated to realize negative correlation mapping, and a negative correlation relationship is obtained in which the greater the DTW distance, the smaller the similarity. In other embodiments of the present invention, the negative correlation mapping can also be realized by The DTW distance is negatively correlated. If the negative correlation mapping is achieved by taking the inverse of the DTW distance, it is necessary to artificially add a parameter in the denominator, such as 0.01, to avoid the denominator being 0 and the formula being meaningless. The specific means are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0090] Step S202: weighting the similarity between each dimensional energy information and each other dimensional energy information according to the information and electricity applicability of each other dimensional energy information, and obtaining the weighted similarity between each dimensional energy information and each other dimensional energy information.

[0091] It should be noted that, in one embodiment of the present invention, the weighted similarity between each dimensional energy information and each other dimensional energy information is calculated by calculating the telecommunication and power applicability of each other dimensional energy information and the product of the similarity between each dimensional energy information and each other dimensional energy information.

[0092] Among them, the telecommunication and electricity applicability is an indicator to measure the applicability and reliability of each dimension of energy information in the system, and further adjusts the similarity between each dimension of energy information and each other dimension of energy information; the greater the telecommunication and electricity applicability of each other dimension of energy information, the greater the similarity, the greater the interaction and mutual influence between each dimension of energy information and each other dimension of energy information, and the greater the weighted similarity.

[0093] Step S203: According to the information-electricity applicability of each dimension of energy information in each virtual power plant, and the weighted similarity between each dimension of energy information and all other dimensions of energy information, obtain the electric energy attention factor of each virtual power plant for each dimension of energy information, and both the information-electricity applicability and the weighted similarity are positively correlated with the electric energy attention factor.

[0094] Among them, the positive correlation means that the dependent variable will increase as the independent variable increases, and the dependent variable will decrease as the independent variable decreases, that is, the greater the applicability of information and electricity, the greater the importance of each other dimension of energy information, the greater the weighted similarity, the greater the response correlation between each dimension of energy information and other dimensions of energy information, the more important each dimension of energy information is, and the greater the electricity attention factor.

[0095] In one embodiment of the present invention, the formula of the power attention factor is expressed as:

[0096] ;

[0097] ;

[0098] in, Virtual Power Plant For The electric energy attention factor of dimensional energy information; Virtual Power Plant For The applicability of energy information to the telecommunications industry; Virtual Power Plant Middle The mean of the weighted similarity between the dimension energy information and all other dimension energy information; Virtual Power Plant Middle Dimensional energy information and other DTW distance of data sequences between dimensional energy information; Virtual Power Plant For other The applicability of energy information to the telecommunications industry; Indicates that except The amount of energy information in other dimensions besides the energy information in the dimension.

[0099] In the formula for the electric energy concern factor, Virtual Power Plant Middle Dimensional energy information and other The DTW distance of the data sequence between the dimensional energy information, that is, the degree of similarity. The larger the DTW distance, the smaller the degree of similarity. Virtual Power Plant For other The applicability of energy information in the dimension is used as the weight to obtain the virtual power plant Middle Dimensional energy information and other The weighted similarity between the dimensional energy information; Virtual Power Plant Middle The mean of the weighted similarity between the energy information of the first dimension and the energy information of all other dimensions. The larger the mean, the greater the weighted similarity. The greater the impact of dimensional energy information on other dimensional energy information, the greater the impact of virtual power plants. For The greater the applicability of the dimensional energy information, the greater the electricity attention factor.

[0100] The compression index represents the degree of compression of the dimensional energy information. The higher the compression degree, the higher the corresponding real-time performance, and vice versa. The larger the power grid contribution index, the more important attention the energy information of the virtual power plant needs. The electric energy attention factor reflects the attention of the virtual power plant to the energy information of the corresponding dimension. The larger the electric energy attention factor, the more emphasis is placed on the dimensional energy information, the more it is necessary to ensure the accuracy of the energy information data of this dimension, and the lower the compression index needs to be. Therefore, according to the electric energy attention factor and power grid contribution index of each virtual power plant for each dimensional energy information, the compression index of each virtual power plant for each energy information dimension is obtained.

[0101] Preferably, considering that the greater the electric energy attention factor, the greater the power grid contribution index, the greater the attention to the dimensional energy information, the greater the need to obtain accurate and complete data for analysis. Therefore, for important data, the compression degree needs to be reduced to avoid information loss during the compression process, and vice versa. The compression degree is relatively increased; in one embodiment of the present invention, the electric energy attention factor and the power grid contribution index are negatively correlated with the compression index.

[0102] In one embodiment of the present invention, the formula of the compression index is expressed as:

[0103] ;

[0104] in, Virtual Power Plant For Compression index of dimensional energy information; Virtual Power Plant Grid contribution indicators; Virtual Power Plant For The electric energy attention factor of dimensional energy information; represents the hyperbolic tangent function.

[0105] In the formula of the compression index, the The function will Normalized to 0-1, the grid contribution index is larger, the higher the electric energy attention factor is, the greater the contribution to the virtual grid is, the higher the accuracy of the data needs to be analyzed, the more the compression rate needs to be reduced to ensure the integrity of the data, and the smaller the compression index is.

[0106] Step S4: According to the fluctuation characteristics of the data sequence of the virtual power plant corresponding to each dimension of energy information and the number of virtual power plants, the information universality factor of each dimension of energy information is obtained; according to the compression index of each virtual power plant for each dimension of energy information and the information universality factor, the final compression level of each virtual power plant for each dimension of energy information is obtained.

[0107] Taking into account the large amount of energy information in the virtual power plant, in order to avoid data redundancy, it is necessary to speed up the processing rate of the more common and stable energy information to improve the compression effect; by analyzing the fluctuation characteristics of the data sequence of the virtual power plant corresponding to each dimension of energy information, the overall stability of the data in the dimensional energy information is reflected. The larger the fluctuation characteristics, the smaller the stability, the more uneven the distribution, and the smaller the information universal factor, and vice versa; the number of virtual power plants corresponding to each dimensional energy information reflects the universality of the dimensional energy information. If the number is small and the universality is small, the information universal factor is smaller, and vice versa. Therefore, according to the fluctuation characteristics of the data sequence of the virtual power plant corresponding to each dimensional energy information and the number of corresponding virtual power plants, the information universal factor of each dimensional energy information is obtained.

[0108] Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, the method for obtaining the information universality factor can be found in Figure 3 , which shows a flow chart of a method for obtaining information universal factors, including:

[0109] Step S301: Obtain a first difference between the number of all virtual power plants and the number of virtual power plants corresponding to each dimension of energy information.

[0110] The first difference reflects the uneven distribution of energy information of different dimensions in the virtual power plant. By calculating the difference, we can understand which dimensions of energy information are more common or scarce in the virtual power plant; the larger the first difference, the scarcer the corresponding dimension of energy information.

[0111] Step S302: Obtain the data standard deviation in the data sequence corresponding to each virtual power plant of each dimension of energy information as a fluctuation feature; calculate the mean of the fluctuation features of all virtual power plants corresponding to each dimension of energy information as the average fluctuation level.

[0112] Calculating the standard deviation of the data to show the fluctuation characteristics helps to understand the stability of each virtual power plant in energy information in different dimensions. Virtual power plants with larger fluctuation characteristics may face higher operational risks, and the more attention should be paid to the data, the more uneven the data distribution.

[0113] Step S303: obtaining the information universality factor of the energy information of each dimension according to the first difference and the average fluctuation level of the energy information of each dimension, wherein the first difference and the average fluctuation level are negatively correlated with the information universality factor.

[0114] Among them, the negative correlation means that the dependent variable will decrease as the independent variable increases, and the dependent variable will increase as the independent variable decreases, that is, the larger the first difference, the greater the average fluctuation level, the less universal the energy information in each dimension, the more uneven the corresponding data distribution, and the smaller the information universality factor.

[0115] In one embodiment of the present invention, the formula of the information universality factor is expressed as:

[0116] ;

[0117] in, Indicates The information universality factor of dimensional energy information; represents the number of all virtual power plants; Indicates The dimension energy information corresponds to the number of virtual power plants; Indicates The dimensional energy information corresponds to the mean of the standard deviation of the data in the data series of all virtual power plants, that is, the average fluctuation level; Represents an exponential function with a natural constant as its base.

[0118] In the formula of the information universality factor, the exponential function with the natural constant as the base is used to convert Perform negative correlation mapping; It represents the difference between the number of all virtual power plants and the number of virtual power plants corresponding to each dimensional energy information, that is, the first difference. The larger the first difference is, the smaller the number of virtual power plants corresponding to each dimensional energy information is, the less universal the dimensional energy information is, and the smaller the information universality factor is. Each dimensional energy information corresponds to the mean of the standard deviation of the data in the data sequence of all virtual power plants, that is, the average fluctuation level. The larger the average fluctuation level is, the larger the standard deviation of the data in the data sequence of each virtual power plant corresponding to each dimensional energy information is, which means that the data under the dimensional energy information is more unstable, the more uneven the data distribution is, and the smaller the information universality factor is.

[0119] Since virtual power plants pay different attention to data of energy information in different dimensions and have different requirements for transmission, by obtaining the final compression level, important data can be retained while avoiding data redundancy; the larger the compression index of each virtual power plant for each dimension of energy information, the less attention each dimension of energy information pays and the smaller the impact, so the compression efficiency needs to be accelerated, and the higher the final compression level should be; the larger the information universality factor, when the dimensional energy information exists in multiple virtual power plants and the data is relatively stable, the impact on system operation is small, the compression degree can be appropriately increased, and the higher the final compression level should be; therefore, according to the compression index of each virtual power plant for each dimensional energy information and the information universality factor, the final compression level of each virtual power plant for each dimensional energy information is obtained.

[0120] Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, the method for obtaining the final compression level includes:

[0121] If the compression index of each dimension of energy information transmitted by each virtual power plant is greater than or equal to the preset compression screening threshold, the maximum value of the compression index of each virtual power plant for each dimension of energy information and the information universality factor is selected as the adjustment weight; otherwise, the minimum value of the compression index of each virtual power plant for each dimension of energy information and the information universality factor is selected as the adjustment weight;

[0122] The adjusted weights and preset level parameters are merged to obtain the final compression level of energy information of each dimension for each virtual power plant.

[0123] In one embodiment of the present invention, the formula for the final compression level is expressed as:

[0124] ;

[0125] in, Virtual Power Plant For Final compression level of dimensional energy information; Indicates The information universality factor of dimensional energy information; Virtual Power Plant For Compression index of dimensional energy information; Indicates the preset compression filtering threshold; It represents the maximum value function; Represents the minimum value function; Indicates rounding up; Indicates the preset level parameters.

[0126] In the formula for the final compression level, , that is, the compression index of each virtual power plant for each energy information dimension is greater than or equal to the preset compression screening threshold, indicating that the larger the compression index of each virtual power plant for each dimension of energy information, the larger the information universality factor, the more common the attention, the lower the importance, and the more the energy information of this dimension needs to improve the compression efficiency. The maximum value of the compression index and the information universality factor is selected as the adjustment weight, and the preset level parameter is increased; That is, the compression index of each virtual power plant for each energy information dimension is less than the preset compression screening threshold, which means that the smaller the compression index of each virtual power plant for each dimension of energy information, the smaller the information universality factor, the higher the importance of attention, and the more the energy information of this dimension needs to reduce the compression efficiency to ensure the accuracy and completeness of the data. The minimum value of the compression index and the information universality factor is selected as the adjustment weight to reduce the preset level parameters.

[0127] It should be noted that, in one embodiment of the present invention, the preset compression filtering threshold is 0.5, and the preset level parameter is 10; in other embodiments of the present invention, the size of the preset compression filtering threshold and the preset level parameter can be set according to the specific situation, and no limitation or elaboration is made here.

[0128] Step S5: compress and transmit the energy information according to the final compression level of each virtual power plant for each dimension of energy information.

[0129] By adjusting the compression level, we can select a lower compression level for energy information with higher importance to ensure the accuracy of data transmission; and select a higher compression level for data with lower importance to save bandwidth resources; more space can be saved for transmitting core information and improving transmission efficiency. Therefore, energy information is compressed and transmitted according to the final compression level of each dimension of energy information for each virtual power plant.

[0130] It should be noted that, in another embodiment of the present invention, after obtaining the final compression level of each virtual power plant for each dimension of energy information, the energy information can also be compressed and transmitted: the final compression level of each virtual power plant for each dimension of energy information is used as the segmented aggregation approximation. The size of the window in the algorithm compresses the data sequence of energy information in each dimension and then aggregates it through symbolic approximation It is converted into a discrete energy information string and transmitted to the corresponding virtual power plant through power line carrier communication technology. Algorithmic and symbolic approximate aggregation The technical means are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated here.

[0131] In summary, the present invention obtains the grid contribution index of each virtual power plant and the information and electricity applicability of each virtual power plant to each dimensional energy information by analyzing the corresponding dimensional energy information of different types of virtual power plants; combines the electric energy attention factor and grid contribution index of each virtual power plant to each dimensional energy information, obtains the compression index of each virtual power plant to each energy information dimension; obtains the information universality factor of each dimensional energy information according to the fluctuation characteristics of the data sequence of the virtual power plant corresponding to each dimensional energy information, and the number of corresponding virtual power plants; then obtains the final compression level of each virtual power plant to each dimensional energy information; and compresses and transmits the energy information. The present invention improves the efficiency of information transmission by obtaining the accurate compression level of the virtual power plant to each dimensional energy information.

[0132] Based on the same application concept as the energy information transmission method of an aggregated operation system provided in the embodiment of the present application, the present embodiment also proposes an energy information transmission device of an aggregated operation system, such as Figure 4 As shown, the device includes: a data acquisition module 401, a dimension suitability analysis module 402, a compression index analysis module 403, a compression level determination module 404 and an information transmission module 405:

[0133] Data acquisition module 401: acquiring multi-dimensional energy information of each virtual power plant of different types in the aggregated operation system, and acquiring a data sequence of each dimensional energy information of each virtual power plant in time sequence;

[0134] Dimensional applicability analysis module 402: according to the number of virtual power plants of the same type corresponding to each virtual power plant, the grid contribution index of each virtual power plant is obtained; according to the number of dimensions of energy information of virtual power plants of the same type corresponding to each virtual power plant, and the number of virtual power plants corresponding to each dimensional energy information, the information and electricity applicability of each virtual power plant to each dimensional energy information is obtained;

[0135] Compression index analysis module 403: according to the information-electricity applicability of energy information of different dimensions in each virtual power plant, and the similarity of the data sequence between energy information of each dimension and energy information of different other dimensions, obtain the power attention factor of each virtual power plant for energy information of each dimension; according to the power attention factor of each virtual power plant for energy information of each dimension and the power grid contribution index, obtain the compression index of each dimension of energy information transmitted by each virtual power plant;

[0136] Compression level determination module 404: obtaining the information universality factor of each dimension of energy information according to the fluctuation characteristics of the data sequence of the virtual power plant corresponding to each dimension of energy information and the number of corresponding virtual power plants; obtaining the final compression level of each virtual power plant for each dimension of energy information according to the compression index of each virtual power plant for each dimension of energy information and the information universality factor;

[0137] Information transmission module 405: compresses and transmits the energy information according to the final compression level of each virtual power plant for each dimension of energy information.

[0138] It should be understood that the energy information transmission device of an aggregated operation system provided in this embodiment is used to execute the energy information transmission method of the above-mentioned aggregated operation system, and therefore has the same beneficial effects as the method adopted, run or implemented by the application program stored therein.

[0139] The present invention also provides an energy information transmission device for an aggregated operation system, comprising a processor, a memory, and a program or instruction stored in the memory and running on the processor, wherein when the program or instruction is executed by the processor, the steps of an energy information transmission method for an aggregated operation system as described above are implemented.

[0140] It should be noted that the sequence of the above embodiments of the present invention is only for description and does not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments. The processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or continuous order shown to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0141] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

Claims

1. A method for transmitting energy information of an aggregated operation system, characterized in that: The method comprises: Obtain multi-dimensional energy information of each virtual power plant of different types in the aggregated operation system, and obtain the data sequence of each dimensional energy information of each virtual power plant in time sequence; According to the number of virtual power plants of the same type corresponding to each virtual power plant, the grid contribution index of each virtual power plant is obtained; according to the number of dimensions of energy information of virtual power plants of the same type corresponding to each virtual power plant, and the number of virtual power plants corresponding to each dimension of energy information, the information and electricity applicability of each virtual power plant to each dimension of energy information is obtained; According to the information and electricity applicability of energy information of different dimensions in each virtual power plant, and the similarity of the data sequence between the energy information of each dimension and the energy information of different other dimensions, the electric energy attention factor of each virtual power plant for each dimension of energy information is obtained; according to the electric energy attention factor of each virtual power plant for each dimension of energy information and the grid contribution index, the compression index of each dimension of energy information transmitted by each virtual power plant is obtained; According to the fluctuation characteristics of the data sequence of the virtual power plant corresponding to each dimension of energy information and the number of corresponding virtual power plants, the information universality factor of each dimension of energy information is obtained; according to the compression index of each virtual power plant for each dimension of energy information and the information universality factor, the final compression level of each virtual power plant for each dimension of energy information is obtained; Compress and transmit the energy information according to the final compression level of each dimension of energy information of each virtual power plant; The method for obtaining the power grid contribution index includes: Obtain the installed capacity of each virtual power plant, standardize the installed capacity of all virtual power plants, and obtain the capacity contribution index of each virtual power plant; According to the capacity contribution index of each virtual power plant and the number of virtual power plants of the same type, the grid contribution index of each virtual power plant is obtained. The capacity contribution index is positively correlated with the grid contribution index, and the number of virtual power plants is negatively correlated with the grid contribution index. The formula of the power grid contribution index is expressed as: ； in, Virtual Power Plant Grid contribution indicators; Virtual Power Plant Corresponding to the number of virtual power plants of the same type; Virtual Power Plant installed capacity; express Normalization function; Virtual Power Plant The standardized fraction of installed capacity; represents the hyperbolic tangent function; The method for obtaining the telecommunication suitability includes: Obtain the mean number of dimensions of energy information of all virtual power plants of the same type corresponding to each virtual power plant, and round it up to the nearest integer as the average number of dimensions; Calculate the ratio of the number of virtual power plants corresponding to each dimension of energy information under the same type to the average number of dimensions as the power applicability of each virtual power plant to each dimension of energy information; The method for obtaining the electric energy attention factor includes: In each virtual power plant, the DTW distance of the data sequence between each dimension of energy information and each other dimension of energy information is obtained, and a negative correlation mapping is performed as the similarity between each dimension of energy information and each other dimension of energy information; According to the information and electricity applicability of each other dimensional energy information, weight the similarity between each dimensional energy information and each other dimensional energy information to obtain the weighted similarity between each dimensional energy information and each other dimensional energy information; According to the information-electricity applicability of each dimension of energy information in each virtual power plant, and the weighted similarity between each dimension of energy information and all other dimension of energy information, the electric energy attention factor of each virtual power plant for each dimension of energy information is obtained, and both the information-electricity applicability and the weighted similarity are positively correlated with the electric energy attention factor; The negative correlation mapping method uses the inverse of the DTW distance to achieve negative correlation mapping, and it is necessary to artificially add a parameter in the denominator, such as 0.01; The formula of the electric energy concern factor is: ； ； in, Virtual Power Plant For The electric energy attention factor of dimensional energy information; Virtual Power Plant For The applicability of energy information to the telecommunications industry; Virtual Power Plant Middle The mean of the weighted similarity between the dimension energy information and all other dimension energy information; Virtual Power Plant Middle Dimensional energy information and other DTW distance of data sequences between dimensional energy information; Virtual Power Plant For other The applicability of energy information to the telecommunications industry; Indicates that except The amount of energy information in other dimensions besides the energy information in the dimension; The electric energy concern factor and the grid contribution index are both negatively correlated with the compression index; The formula of the compression index is expressed as: ； in, Virtual Power Plant For Compression index of dimensional energy information; Virtual Power Plant Grid contribution indicators; Virtual Power Plant For The electric energy attention factor of dimensional energy information; represents the hyperbolic tangent function.

2. The energy information transmission method of the aggregated operation system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method for obtaining the information universality factor includes: Obtaining a first difference between the number of all virtual power plants and the number of virtual power plants corresponding to each dimension of energy information; The standard deviation of the data in the data sequence corresponding to each virtual power plant of each dimension of energy information is obtained as a fluctuation feature; the mean of the fluctuation features of all virtual power plants corresponding to each dimension of energy information is calculated as the average fluctuation level; According to the first difference and the average fluctuation level of energy information in each dimension, the information universality factor of energy information in each dimension is obtained. The first difference and the average fluctuation level are negatively correlated with the information universality factor.

3. The energy information transmission method of the aggregated operation system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method for obtaining the final compression level includes: If the compression index of each virtual power plant for each dimension of energy information is greater than or equal to the preset compression screening threshold, the maximum value of the compression index of each virtual power plant for each dimension of energy information and the information universality factor is selected as the adjustment weight; otherwise, the minimum value of the compression index of each virtual power plant for each dimension of energy information and the information universality factor is selected as the adjustment weight; The adjustment weights and preset level parameters are integrated to obtain the final compression level of each dimension of energy information for each virtual power plant; The formula for the final compression level is expressed as: ； in, Virtual Power Plant For Final compression level of dimensional energy information; Indicates The information universality factor of dimensional energy information; Virtual Power Plant For Compression index of dimensional energy information; Indicates the preset compression filtering threshold; It represents the maximum value function; Represents the minimum value function; Indicates rounding up; Indicates the preset level parameters.

4. The energy information transmission method of the aggregated operation system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: According to the information and electricity applicability of each other dimensional energy information, weighting the similarity between each dimensional energy information and each other dimensional energy information to obtain the weighted similarity between each dimensional energy information and each other dimensional energy information includes: The information and electricity applicability of each other dimensional energy information and the product of the similarity between each dimensional energy information and each other dimensional energy information are calculated as the weighted similarity between each dimensional energy information and each other dimensional energy information.

5. An energy information transmission device for an aggregated operation system, characterized in that: It includes data acquisition module, dimension applicability analysis module, compression index analysis module, compression level determination module and information transmission module: Data acquisition module: obtains multi-dimensional energy information of each virtual power plant of different types in the aggregated operation system, and obtains the data sequence of each dimension of energy information of each virtual power plant in time sequence; Dimensional applicability analysis module: According to the number of virtual power plants of the same type corresponding to each virtual power plant, the grid contribution index of each virtual power plant is obtained; according to the number of dimensions of energy information of virtual power plants of the same type corresponding to each virtual power plant, and the number of virtual power plants corresponding to each dimension of energy information, the power applicability of each virtual power plant to each dimension of energy information is obtained; The method for obtaining the power grid contribution index includes: Obtain the installed capacity of each virtual power plant, standardize the installed capacity of all virtual power plants, and obtain the capacity contribution index of each virtual power plant; According to the capacity contribution index of each virtual power plant and the number of virtual power plants of the same type, the grid contribution index of each virtual power plant is obtained. The capacity contribution index is positively correlated with the grid contribution index, and the number of virtual power plants is negatively correlated with the grid contribution index. The formula of the power grid contribution index is expressed as: ； in, Virtual Power Plant Grid contribution indicators; Virtual Power Plant Corresponding to the number of virtual power plants of the same type; Virtual Power Plant installed capacity; express Normalization function; Virtual Power Plant The standardized fraction of installed capacity; represents the hyperbolic tangent function; The method for obtaining the telecommunication suitability includes: Obtain the mean number of dimensions of energy information of all virtual power plants of the same type corresponding to each virtual power plant, and round it up to the nearest integer as the average number of dimensions; Calculate the ratio of the number of virtual power plants corresponding to each dimension of energy information under the same type to the average number of dimensions as the power applicability of each virtual power plant to each dimension of energy information; Compression index analysis module: according to the information and electricity applicability of energy information of different dimensions in each virtual power plant, and the similarity of the data sequence between energy information of each dimension and energy information of different other dimensions, obtain the power attention factor of each virtual power plant for energy information of each dimension; according to the power attention factor and the grid contribution index of each virtual power plant to energy information of each dimension, obtain the compression index of each energy information dimension transmitted by each virtual power plant; The method for obtaining the electric energy attention factor includes: In each virtual power plant, the DTW distance of the data sequence between each dimension of energy information and each other dimension of energy information is obtained, and a negative correlation mapping is performed as the similarity between each dimension of energy information and each other dimension of energy information; According to the information and electricity applicability of each other dimensional energy information, weight the similarity between each dimensional energy information and each other dimensional energy information to obtain the weighted similarity between each dimensional energy information and each other dimensional energy information; According to the information-electricity applicability of each dimension of energy information in each virtual power plant, and the weighted similarity between each dimension of energy information and all other dimension of energy information, the electric energy attention factor of each virtual power plant for each dimension of energy information is obtained, and both the information-electricity applicability and the weighted similarity are positively correlated with the electric energy attention factor; The negative correlation mapping method uses the inverse of the DTW distance to achieve negative correlation mapping, and it is necessary to artificially add a parameter in the denominator, such as 0.01; The formula of the electric energy concern factor is: ； ； in, Virtual Power Plant For The electric energy attention factor of dimensional energy information; Virtual Power Plant For The applicability of energy information to the telecommunications industry; Virtual Power Plant Middle The mean of the weighted similarity between the dimension energy information and all other dimension energy information; Virtual Power Plant Middle Dimensional energy information and other DTW distance of data sequences between dimensional energy information; Virtual Power Plant For other The applicability of energy information to the telecommunications industry; Indicates that except The amount of energy information in other dimensions besides the energy information in the dimension; The electric energy concern factor and the grid contribution index are both negatively correlated with the compression index; The formula of the compression index is expressed as: ； in, Virtual Power Plant For Compression index of dimensional energy information; Virtual Power Plant Grid contribution indicators; Virtual Power Plant For The electric energy attention factor of dimensional energy information; represents the hyperbolic tangent function; Compression level determination module: according to the fluctuation characteristics of the data sequence of the virtual power plant corresponding to each dimension of energy information and the number of corresponding virtual power plants, obtain the information universality factor of each dimension of energy information; according to the compression index of each virtual power plant for each dimension of energy information and the information universality factor, obtain the final compression level of each virtual power plant for each dimension of energy information; Information transmission module: compresses and transmits energy information according to the final compression level of each virtual power plant for each dimension of energy information.

6. An energy information transmission device for an aggregated operation system, characterized in that: It includes a processor, a memory, and a program or instruction stored in the memory and running on the processor. When the program or instruction is executed by the processor, the steps of the energy information transmission method of an aggregate operation system as described in any one of claims 1 to 4 are implemented.

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