A welding fixture for connecting plates of automobile bodies

Abstract

The present invention discloses a welding fixture for automobile body connecting plates, comprising: two clamping plates, symmetrically arranged, capable of synchronously moving toward or away from each other, having a clamping surface in contact with the clamped body parts, the clamping surface being a plane; a plurality of elastic grooves, arranged in a dense array on the clamping surface; a plurality of clamping blocks, arranged in a dense array on the clamping surface, slidably connected with the inner wall of each elastic groove; a plurality of springs, distributed inside each elastic groove. The present invention differentiates the clamping surface originally clamped with the body parts from a flat whole surface into a plurality of small surfaces arranged in a dense array, each small surface does not interfere with each other, and can contact with each other according to the special curvature of the outer surface of the body parts. Compared with the contact surface between the original flat whole clamping surface and the body parts, the improvement of the present solution significantly increases the contact surface with the body parts, increases the contact area with the grasped object as much as possible, and reduces the deformation of the body parts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of welding fixtures, and in particular to a welding fixture for a connecting plate of an automobile body. Background Art

[0002] The scope of automobile body connecting plates includes roof covers, side panels, chassis and other parts for assembling the car body, which are assembled to form the automobile skeleton assembly.

[0003] In the automated welding process, mechanical grippers on machine tools are often used to grab and clamp the various components of the car body for fixation to facilitate the subsequent welding operation of the welding gun. Since the various components of the car body frame themselves contain specially designed curvatures rather than straight and neat planes, the gripping of the mechanical gripper causes insufficient contact between the gripper and the car body component it grabs, and the contact area is small. We know that the smaller the force area, the greater the pressure. When the clamping force of the mechanical gripper remains unchanged, the grasped part is easily deformed due to the clamping force, which will affect the subsequent position coordination between the various components of the car body. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a welding fixture for automobile body connecting plates, which adopts an adjustable mechanical gripper to adaptively clamp the non-flat and straight outer surfaces of body components, thereby increasing the contact area with the grasped object as much as possible and reducing the deformation of body components.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A welding fixture for a connecting plate of an automobile body, comprising:

[0007] Two clamping plates, symmetrically arranged, capable of synchronously moving toward or away from each other, having clamping surfaces in contact with the clamped body parts, the clamping surfaces being planes;

[0008] A plurality of elastic grooves are arranged in a dense array on the clamping surface;

[0009] A plurality of clamping blocks are densely arranged in an array on the clamping surface and are slidably connected to the inner walls of each elastic groove;

[0010] A plurality of springs are distributed inside each elastic groove, and two ends of the springs are respectively connected to the inner wall of the elastic groove and the clamping block;

[0011] Multiple cushion layers are bonded to each clamping block;

[0012] When the two clamping plates are close to each other to clamp the body part, each clamping block on the clamping surface will be pressed into the elastic groove according to the special curvature of the clamping contact surface of the body part.

[0013] Preferably, a plurality of first control grooves are provided in the clamping plate, a first hydraulic cylinder is installed in the first control groove, an output end of the first hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the first control plate to control the movement of the first control plate in the first control groove, a limiting groove is provided between any two adjacent elastic grooves arranged vertically, a control rod is slidably connected in the limiting groove, one end of the control rod extends into the first control groove and is fixedly connected to the first control plate, a pressure block is slidably connected between the limiting groove and the elastic grooves in the upper and lower directions thereof, a side of the pressure block close to the clamping block is fixedly connected to the friction layer, and the pressure block is rotatably connected to the other end of the control rod.

[0014] Preferably, a fixing tube is fixedly connected in the elastic groove, the clamping block is provided with a fixing groove adapted to the fixing tube, the spring is located inside the fixing groove, and its two ends are respectively connected to the inner wall of the fixing groove and the fixing tube, an electromagnetic component is arranged inside the fixing tube, and a magnetic field is generated near the electromagnetic component when power is supplied, so that the vehicle body parts can be magnetically adsorbed.

[0015] Preferably, the electromagnetic component includes a fixed shaft fixed inside the fixed cylinder, the outer wall of the fixed shaft is sleeved with wires arranged in a winding manner, a power supply is arranged in the clamping plate, the positive and negative poles of the power supply are respectively connected to the two ends of each wire to form multiple circuits, and the multiple circuits are in parallel relationship, and an electric control switch is also provided, and the electric control switch and the multiple circuits are in series relationship.

[0016] Preferably, the electromagnetic assembly also includes a fixed ring fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed cylinder and a sliding ring capable of sliding in the fixed cylinder, the fixed ring and the sliding ring both have contacts, the wire is exposed, the contact of the fixed ring is fixedly connected to one end of the wire, and the contact on the sliding ring can contact the exposed wire when sliding.

[0017] Preferably, a plurality of second control grooves are opened in the splint, a second hydraulic cylinder is installed in the second control groove, the output end of the second hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the second control plate, the second control plate is fixedly connected to a plurality of control cylinders, the control cylinders pass through the first control groove and the second control groove in sequence, and then extend into the elastic groove and are fixedly connected coaxially with the sliding ring.

[0018] Preferably, the second control board is made of conductive metal, the second control board is electrically connected to the positive and negative poles of the power supply, the second control board has a resistance value, and multiple groups of conductors are connected to the second control board, each group of conductors has two wires, one end of one wire is connected to the second control board, and the other end passes through the control tube and is connected to the contact piece on the sliding ring, and the passing part is adhered to the inner wall of the control tube by bonding, and one section of the other wire is connected to the second control board, and the other end passes through the control tube and the fixed tube and is connected to the contact piece on the fixed ring, and the passing part is adhered to the inner wall of the control tube and the fixed tube by bonding.

[0019] Preferably, the welding fixture further comprises:

[0020] Rectangular frame;

[0021] Two connecting blocks are fixedly connected in parallel and symmetrically inside the rectangular frame and pass through the two clamping plates;

[0022] A vertical plate fixed on the rectangular frame;

[0023] A driving hydraulic cylinder is installed between the two side plates;

[0024] Two linkage plates, one end of which is rotatably connected to the output shaft of the driving hydraulic cylinder, and the other end of which is rotatably connected to the clamping plate;

[0025] The movement of the two clamping plates moving toward or away from each other synchronously can be controlled by controlling the driving hydraulic cylinder.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] The present invention differentiates the clamping surface originally clamped with the body part from a straight whole surface into a plurality of small surfaces densely arranged in an array. Each small surface does not interfere with each other and can make contact according to the special curvature of the outer surface of the body part. Compared with the contact surface between the original straight whole clamping surface and the body part, the improvement of this solution significantly increases the contact surface with the body part, increases the contact area with the grasped object as much as possible, and reduces the deformation of the body part. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a welding fixture for a connecting plate of an automobile body proposed by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between a neutral plate, a driving hydraulic cylinder and two clamping plates of a welding fixture for connecting plates of automobile bodies proposed by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a clamping plate in a welding fixture for connecting plates of an automobile body proposed by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a clamping plate in a welding fixture for connecting plates of an automobile body proposed by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in the middle;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the cushion layer and the control cylinder in a welding fixture for connecting plates of automobile bodies proposed by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a partial schematic diagram of a part of the structure of a welding fixture for connecting plates of an automobile body proposed by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the connection structure between a control rod and two corresponding pressing blocks in a welding fixture for a connecting plate of an automobile body proposed by the present invention;

[0036] Fig. 9 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between a fixed shaft and a control cylinder in a welding fixture for a connecting plate of an automobile body.

[0037] In the figure: 1, clamping plate; 2, elastic groove; 3, clamping block; 4, spring; 5, cushion layer; 6, first control groove; 7, first hydraulic cylinder; 8, first control plate; 9, limiting groove; 10, control rod; 11, pressing block; 12, friction layer; 13, fixed cylinder; 14, fixed groove; 15, fixed shaft; 16, wire; 17, power supply; 18, electric control switch; 19, fixed ring; 20, sliding ring; 21, contact piece; 22, second control groove; 23, second hydraulic cylinder; 24, second control plate; 25, control cylinder; 26, rectangular frame; 27, connecting block; 28, vertical plate; 29, driving hydraulic cylinder; 30, linkage plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Reference Figure 1 -Attached Fig. 9 , a welding fixture for a connecting plate of an automobile body, comprising:

[0040] Two clamping plates 1 are symmetrically arranged and can move synchronously toward or away from each other, and have clamping surfaces that contact the clamped body parts, and the clamping surfaces are planes;

[0041] A plurality of elastic grooves 2 are arranged in a dense array on the clamping surface;

[0042] A plurality of clamping blocks 3 are densely arranged in an array on the clamping surface and are slidably connected to the inner wall of each elastic groove 2;

[0043] A plurality of springs 4 are distributed inside each elastic groove 2, and two ends of the springs 4 are respectively connected to the inner wall of the elastic groove 2 and the clamping block 3;

[0044] A plurality of cushion layers 5 are bonded to each clamping block 3;

[0045] When the two clamping plates 1 are brought close to each other to clamp the body part, the clamping blocks 3 on the clamping surface will be pressed into the elastic groove 2 according to the special curvature of the clamping contact surface of the body part.

[0046] Through the above technical scheme, the improvement is that the clamping surface that was originally clamped with the body part is differentiated from a flat whole surface into a plurality of small surfaces densely arranged in an array, each small surface does not interfere with each other, and can contact accordingly according to the special curvature of the outer surface of the body part. Compared with the contact surface between the original flat whole clamping surface and the body part, the improvement of this scheme significantly increases the contact surface with the body part, increases the contact area with the grasped object as much as possible, and reduces the deformation of the body part.

[0047] Since the arrangement of the spring 4 makes the spring 4 deformed by the clamp block 3 when clamping the body part, the clamped body part is also prone to slight shaking during welding, so a limiting function is added, specifically:

[0048] A plurality of first control grooves 6 are provided in the clamping plate 1, and a first hydraulic cylinder 7 is installed in the first control groove 6. The output end of the first hydraulic cylinder 7 is fixedly connected to the first control plate 8 to control the movement of the first control plate 8 in the first control groove 6. A limiting groove 9 is provided between any two adjacent elastic grooves 2 arranged vertically. A control rod 10 is slidably connected in the limiting groove 9, and one end of the control rod 10 extends into the first control groove 6 and is fixedly connected to the first control plate 8. A pressure block 11 is slidably connected between the limiting groove and the elastic grooves 2 in the upper and lower directions thereof, respectively. A friction layer 12 is fixedly connected to the side of the pressure block 11 close to the clamping block 3, and the pressure block 11 is rotatably connected to the other end of the control rod 10.

[0049] A fixing tube 13 is fixedly connected in the elastic groove 2, and a fixing groove 14 adapted to the fixing tube 13 is provided in the clamping block 3. The spring 4 is located inside the fixing groove 14, and its two ends are respectively connected to the inner wall of the fixing groove 14 and the fixing tube 13. An electromagnetic component is arranged inside the fixing tube 13. When the electromagnetic component is energized, a magnetic field is generated near it, which can magnetically adsorb the body parts.

[0050] The electromagnetic component includes a fixed shaft 15 fixed inside a fixed cylinder 13, and the outer wall of the fixed shaft 15 is sleeved with wires 16 arranged in a winding manner. A power supply 17 is arranged in the clamp 1, and the positive and negative poles of the power supply 17 are respectively connected to the two ends of each wire 16 to form a plurality of loops, and the plurality of loops are in parallel relationship. An electric control switch 18 is also provided, and the electric control switch 18 is in series relationship with the plurality of loops to control whether current flows on the wires 16.

[0051] The electromagnetic assembly also includes a fixed ring 19 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 13 and a sliding ring 20 capable of sliding in the fixed cylinder 13. The fixed ring 19 and the sliding ring 20 both have a contact piece 21. The wire 16 is exposed. The contact piece 21 of the fixed ring 19 is fixedly connected to one end of the wire 16. The contact piece 21 on the sliding ring 20 can contact the exposed wire 16 when sliding, so as to control the length of the current flowing in the wire 16, thereby controlling the strength of the magnetic field.

[0052] A plurality of second control grooves 22 are provided in the clamping plate 1, and a second hydraulic cylinder 23 is installed in the second control groove 22. The output end of the second hydraulic cylinder 23 is fixedly connected to a second control plate 24, and the second control plate 24 is fixedly connected to a plurality of control cylinders 25. The control cylinders 25 sequentially pass through the first control groove 6 and the second control groove 22, and then extend into the elastic groove 2 and are fixedly connected to the sliding ring 20 coaxially, so as to control the sliding stroke and direction of the sliding ring 20 in the fixed cylinder 13.

[0053] The second control board 24 is made of conductive metal. The second control board 24 is electrically connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the power supply 17. The second control board 24 has a resistance value. Multiple groups of conductors are connected to the second control board 24. Each group of conductors has two wires. One end of one wire is connected to the second control board 24, and the other end passes through the control cylinder 25 and is connected to the contact piece 21 on the sliding ring 20. The passing part is adhered to the inner wall of the control cylinder 25 by bonding. Another wire is connected to the second control board 24 at one end, and the other end passes through the control cylinder 25 and the fixed cylinder 13 and is connected to the contact piece 21 on the fixed ring 19. The passing part is adhered to the inner wall of the control cylinder 25 and the fixed cylinder 13 by bonding.

[0054] The welding fixture also includes:

[0055] Rectangular frame 26;

[0056] Two connecting blocks 27 are fixedly connected in parallel and symmetrically inside the rectangular frame 26 and pass through the two clamping plates 1;

[0057] A vertical plate 28 is fixed on the rectangular frame 26;

[0058] A driving hydraulic cylinder 29 is installed between the two side plates;

[0059] Two linkage plates 30, one end of which is rotatably connected to the output shaft of the driving hydraulic cylinder 29, and the other end of which is rotatably connected to the clamping plate 1;

[0060] The movement of the two clamping plates 1 moving toward or away from each other synchronously can be controlled by controlling the driving hydraulic cylinder 29 .

[0061] Working principle:

[0062] When the electric control switch 18 is closed, current flows in each wire 16, forming a magnetic field, which can magnetically attract the body parts;

[0063] The driving hydraulic cylinder 29 is started to slowly move the two clamping plates 1 closer to each other until the vehicle body component is magnetically attracted by the two clamping plates 1;

[0064] During the magnetic adsorption process, the clamp block 3 and the cushion layer 5 are in contact with each other according to the special curvature of the outer surface of the body part, and the clamp block 3 is pressed into the corresponding elastic groove 2 by force. After the clamp block 3 moves stably in the elastic groove 2, the first hydraulic cylinder 7 is started to push the control rod 10 so that the pressing block 11 strongly presses the clamp block 3 to limit the sliding of the slider, stabilizes the clamp block 3, and realizes stable clamping of the body part;

[0065] After welding is completed, the electric control switch 18 is turned on, no current flows through the wires 16, the magnetic field disappears, and the magnetic attraction to the body parts is cancelled.

[0066] It should be noted that:

[0067] The cushion layer 5 and the friction layer 12 can be made of rubber material with a large friction coefficient;

[0068] The car body contains steel materials as a conventional choice, which can be affected by magnetic fields, so I will not go into details here;

[0069] The wire 16 or the exposed wire 16 is fixed to the outer wall of the fixed shaft 15 by bonding, and there is a distance between the windings to prevent the occurrence of short circuit;

[0070] The second control board 24 contains resistance to prevent short circuit, and the wire will not directly contact the wire 16;

[0071] In this solution, the wire 16, the contact piece 21, the conductor, and the second control board 24 can be powered;

[0072] Since the gravity and thickness of different body parts are different, the strength of the magnetic field is controlled by controlling the position of the contact piece 21 of the sliding ring 20 in the present application. If the body part has a large gravity and a large thickness, a strong magnetic field is used, and if the body part has a small gravity and a small thickness, a weak magnetic field is used. This has the effect of preventing the body parts with small thickness from being deformed by the force of the strong magnetic field, and also plays the role of energy saving.

[0073] The mechanical gripper can usually use a six-axis mechanical arm, the end of the mechanical wall is rotatably connected to the vertical plate 28, and a motor is used to control the rotation direction and degree of the vertical plate 28. After coordination, it can clamp various styles of body parts. The control degree of the motor and other shaft joints contained in the mechanical arm are all existing technologies, which will not be described in detail here;

[0074] By attaching Figure 4 And attached Figure 7 It can be seen that a plurality of independent power supplies 17 and a plurality of electric control switches 18 can be arranged inside the same clamping plate 1 to satisfy the formation of a magnetic field for the current flowing through the same set of vertically arranged wires 16;

[0075] Reference Figure 7 And attached Fig. 9 The positive electrode of the power supply 17 is electrically connected to the electric control switch 18, and a plurality of energized wires extend from the other side of the electric control switch 18 and are connected to one side of the second control board 24. The negative electrode of the power supply 17 is connected to one side of the second control board 24 to form a loop. A plurality of groups of conductors are arranged on the other side of the second control board 24, each group of conductors has two wires, for the attached Fig. 9 The two dotted lines indicate that they are connected to two contact pieces 21 respectively and are not in contact with the wire 16 .

[0076] The present invention is conceived to:

[0077] The clamping surfaces of existing grippers are mostly flat planes, which makes it difficult to clamp objects with special curved surfaces such as automobile bodies and frames. Therefore, a new clamping surface consisting of multiple small surfaces is set in front of the original clamping surface. Each small surface is independent and can be adaptively adjusted according to the curvature of the outer surface of different objects to maximize the contact surface with the object and reduce the deformation of the body parts.

[0078] By setting up electromagnetic components, adaptive adjustments can be made for objects with different gravity and thickness. If the gravity and thickness of the body parts are large, a stronger magnetic field is used. If the gravity and thickness of the body parts are small, a weaker magnetic field is used. This prevents the thin body parts from being deformed by the force of the strong magnetic field, and also saves energy.

[0079] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A welding fixture for connecting plates of automobile bodies, characterized in that: include: Two clamping plates (1) are symmetrically arranged and can move synchronously toward or away from each other, and have clamping surfaces that contact the clamped body parts, and the clamping surfaces are planes; A plurality of elastic grooves (2) are arranged in a dense array on the clamping surface; A plurality of clamping blocks (3) are densely arranged in an array on the clamping surface and are slidably connected to the inner walls of each elastic groove (2); A plurality of springs (4) are distributed inside each elastic groove (2), and two ends of the springs are respectively connected to the inner wall of the elastic groove (2) and the clamping block (3); A plurality of cushion layers (5) bonded to each clamping block (3); When the two clamping plates (1) are brought close to each other to clamp the body part, each clamping block (3) on the clamping surface will be pressed into the elastic groove (2) according to the special curvature of the clamping contact surface of the body part; A fixing cylinder (13) is fixedly connected in the elastic groove (2), the clamping block (3) is provided with a fixing groove (14) adapted to the fixing cylinder (13), the spring (4) is located in the fixing groove (14), and its two ends are respectively connected to the inner wall of the fixing groove (14) and the fixing cylinder (13), an electromagnetic component is arranged in the fixing cylinder (13), and a magnetic field is generated in the vicinity of the electromagnetic component when it is energized, so that the vehicle body parts can be magnetically adsorbed; The electromagnetic assembly comprises a fixed shaft (15) fixed inside a fixed cylinder (13), the outer wall of the fixed shaft (15) is sleeved with wires (16) arranged in a winding manner, a power supply (17) is arranged inside the clamping plate (1), the positive and negative electrodes of the power supply (17) are respectively connected to the two ends of each wire (16) to form a plurality of loops, wherein the plurality of loops are in a parallel relationship, and an electric control switch (18) is further provided, wherein the electric control switch (18) and the plurality of loops are in a series relationship; The electromagnetic assembly also includes a fixed ring (19) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed cylinder (13) and a sliding ring (20) capable of sliding in the fixed cylinder (13); the fixed ring (19) and the sliding ring (20) both have a contact piece (21); the electric wire (16) is in a bare state; the contact piece (21) of the fixed ring (19) is fixedly connected to one end of the electric wire (16); and the contact piece (21) on the sliding ring (20) can contact the bare electric wire (16) when sliding; A plurality of second control grooves (22) are provided in the clamping plate (1), a second hydraulic cylinder (23) is installed in the second control groove (22), an output end of the second hydraulic cylinder (23) is fixedly connected to a second control plate (24), the second control plate (24) is fixedly connected to a plurality of control cylinders (25), the control cylinders (25) sequentially pass through the first control groove (6) and the second control groove (22), and then extend into the elastic groove (2) to be fixedly connected to the sliding ring (20) coaxially; The second control board (24) is made of conductive metal. The second control board (24) is electrically connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the power source (17). The second control board (24) has a resistance value. A plurality of groups of conductors are connected to the second control board (24). Each group of conductors has two wires. One end of one of the wires is connected to the second control board (24). The other end passes through the control tube (25) and is connected to the contact piece (21) on the sliding ring (20). The passing portion is bonded to the inner wall of the control tube (25) by bonding. Another wire has one end connected to the second control board (24). The other end passes through the control tube (25) and the fixing tube (13) and is connected to the contact piece (21) on the fixing ring (19). The passing portion is bonded to the inner wall of the control tube (25) and the fixing tube (13). The positive pole of the power source (17) is electrically connected to the electric control switch (18), and a plurality of energized wires extend from the other side of the electric control switch (18) and are connected to one side of the second control board (24). The negative pole of the power source (17) is connected to one side of the second control board (24) to form a loop. A plurality of groups of conductors are arranged on the other side of the second control board (24), each group of conductors having two conducting wires, which are respectively connected to the two contact pieces (21) and do not contact the electric wire (16).

2. The automobile body connecting plate welding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of first control grooves (6) are provided in the clamping plate (1), a first hydraulic cylinder (7) is installed in the first control groove (6), an output end of the first hydraulic cylinder (7) is fixedly connected to a first control plate (8) to control the movement of the first control plate (8) in the first control groove (6), a limiting groove (9) is provided between any two adjacent elastic grooves (2) arranged vertically, a control rod (10) is slidably connected in the limiting groove (9), one end of the control rod (10) extends into the first control groove (6) and is fixedly connected to the first control plate (8), a pressing block (11) is slidably connected between the limiting groove and the elastic grooves (2) in the upper and lower directions thereof, a side of the pressing block (11) close to the clamping block (3) is fixedly connected to a friction layer (12), and the pressing block (11) is rotatably connected to the other end of the control rod (10).

3. The automobile body connecting plate welding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The welding fixture also includes: Rectangular frame (26); Two connecting blocks (27) are fixedly connected in parallel and symmetrically inside the rectangular frame (26) and pass through the two clamping plates (1); A vertical plate (28) fixed on the rectangular frame (26); A driving hydraulic cylinder (29) is installed between the two side plates; Two linkage plates (30), one end of which is rotatably connected to the output shaft of the driving hydraulic cylinder (29), and the other end of which is rotatably connected to the clamping plate (1); The movement of the two clamping plates (1) moving toward or away from each other synchronously can be controlled by controlling the driving hydraulic cylinder (29).

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