A hole expander for directional detection of rock and soil along a predetermined wire trajectory

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of hole expanders, and discloses a hole expander for directional detection of rock and soil bodies along a predetermined wire trajectory, comprising a shell, one end of the shell is connected to a connecting piece, and the other end of the shell is fixed to a circular plate; the alternating grinding mechanism comprises an insertion groove, a slide groove, a slide rail, a slider, an articulated inner rod, an outer rod, a fixed round rod, an articulated pull rod, an active rod, a fixing piece, a wear piece and a sliding unit, the insertion groove is arranged on the circular plate, eight of the slide grooves are coaxially arranged on the circular plate on one side of the insertion groove and penetrate the circular plate, the insertion groove and the slide groove are connected to each other to form a channel for the articulated pull rod to move, two of the slide rails are arranged in the slide groove, the slider slides on the slide rail, and one end of four of the articulated pull rods is hinged on four symmetrical sliders; the present invention can enable two groups of wear pieces to alternately grind and expand the rock and soil bodies under the action of the alternating grinding mechanism, thereby reducing the wear of the wear pieces to a certain extent and extending the service life of the equipment. In addition, in conjunction with the rotating aggregate mechanism, the excess rock and soil debris on the wear parts can be scraped into the collection box for collection, thereby avoiding the rock and soil debris from falling to the bottom of the hole and enhancing the stability of subsequent detection experiments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hole expanders, and in particular to a hole expander for directional detection of rock and soil bodies along a predetermined wire track. Background Art

[0002] A geotechnical hole reamer is a tool specially used for hole reaming in geotechnical bodies. Geotechnical hole reamer is usually made of cemented carbide or other wear-resistant materials to ensure stable working performance even in complex geological environments.

[0003] Expanding underground rock and soil is a complex and delicate engineering task, usually involving professional technology and equipment. When expanding underground rock and soil, it is necessary to consider multiple aspects such as the nature of the rock and soil, underground structure, engineering requirements and safety factors.

[0004] However, the prior art has the following defects:

[0005] When using the wear parts on the reamer to grind the holes that have been opened in the rock and soil to make the holes larger. Due to the long-term friction between the wear parts and the rock and soil, the temperature of the wear parts is very high. Although it can be cooled with water cooling, the wear parts are also easily damaged. And some of the rock and soil debris produced by grinding is beneficial to increase the friction between the wear parts and the rock and soil. However, if there are a lot of rock and soil debris, it will fall from the middle of the reamer to the bottom of the hole. Then fill the bottom of the hole, shorten the length of the hole, and affect the subsequent detection work. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a hole expander for directional detection of rock and soil along a predetermined wire trajectory.

[0007] The present invention is implemented by the following technical solution: a hole expander for directional detection of rock and soil along a predetermined wire trajectory.

[0008] It comprises a shell, one end of which is connected to a connecting piece, and the other end of which is fixed to a circular plate;

[0009] An alternating grinding mechanism, the alternating grinding mechanism includes an insertion groove, a slide groove, a slide rail, a slider, an articulated inner rod, an outer rod, a fixed round rod, an articulated pull rod, an active rod, a fixing part, a wear part and a sliding unit, the insertion groove is arranged on a circular plate, eight slide grooves are coaxially arranged on a circular plate on one side of the insertion groove and penetrate the circular plate, the insertion groove and the slide groove are interconnected to form a channel for the articulated pull rod to move, two slide rails are arranged in the slide groove, the slider slides on the slide rail, and one end of four articulated pull rods is hinged on four pairs of them. On the slider of the scale, the other ends of the four hinged pull rods are hinged on the output end of the electric push rod, the other end of the electric push rod is fixed in the shell, one end of the hinged inner rod is hinged on one end of the slider, and the other end of the hinged inner rod is arranged in the outer rod through a sliding unit, a fixed round rod is fixed in the middle of the outer rod, and the fixed round rod is fixed on the circular plate through a bearing, a fixing piece is fixed on the other end of the slider, one end of the active rod is provided with a motor and is located in the fixing piece for driving the active rod to drive the wear part to rotate, and the other end of the active rod is fixed to the wear part;

[0010] Among them, when a slider slides in the slide rail 1, it drives the hinged inner rod to perform telescopic movement in the outer rod, and the outer rod rotates with the fixed round rod as the center, thereby driving the slider connected to the hinged inner rod in the outer rod on the other side to slide in the slide rail 1, thereby realizing the two groups of wear parts alternately extending out of the circular plate to operate.

[0011] A rotating material collection mechanism, which includes an insertion groove II, a connecting outer cylinder, a spiral slide rail, a spiral slide bar, a connecting inner cylinder, a mounting plate, a telescopic unit and a fitting unit. The insertion groove II is arranged on a circular plate in the middle of the insertion groove I, and the connecting outer cylinder is fixed to an end of the circular plate away from the outer shell. The insertion groove II and the connecting outer cylinder are interconnected to form a channel II for the electric push rod and the pull plate to extend into. The spiral slide rail is arranged in the connecting outer cylinder, the spiral slide bar is fixed on the connecting inner cylinder, and the spiral slide bar slides in the spiral slide rail. The mounting plate is fixed to one end of the connecting inner cylinder outside the connecting outer cylinder, and a telescopic unit and a fitting unit are arranged in the mounting plate to scrape the worn parts.

[0012] Through the above technical solution, two groups of wear parts can be operated alternately under the action of the alternating grinding mechanism, and in combination with the cooling water pipe (not shown in the figure) connected to one side of the shell, the wear parts can be well prevented from being severely worn and easily damaged during long-term operation.

[0013] Under the action of the rotating material collecting mechanism, when the two sets of wear parts are exchanged, the rotating material collecting mechanism can rotate to the wear parts extending out of the circular plate and fit with the wear parts to scrape the excess rock and soil debris on the wear parts into the collection box for collection, thereby preventing the rock and soil debris from accumulating at the bottom of the hole.

[0014] The hinged inner rod is set to slide in the outer rod, so that when one slider drives another slider to move in the slide slot, the length between the hinged inner rod and the outer rod is not limited. And the two sliders are rotated around the fixed round rod as the center of the circle so that the movement of the two sliders is more stable. In addition, a sensor is arranged in the inner cavity of the shell to detect the telescopic operation of the output end of the electric push rod. When the electric push rod is extended, the electromagnet on the slide slot (away from the side of the slide slot) where the slider connected to the hinged pull rod is energized, so that the slider is adsorbed, so that the wear part can be stably located outside the circular plate for grinding. When the electric push rod is recovered, the above-mentioned electromagnet is powered off, and the electromagnet of the slide slot where the slider connected to the hinged pull rod is not energized, so when the slider drives the wear part to move to the side of this electromagnet, it is adsorbed, and the stability of the wear part located outside the circular plate is also guaranteed.

[0015] The sensor sends signal data to the information processing module, and the information processing module sends instructions to the control module to control the conduction and power-off functions of the two sets of electromagnets, thereby realizing the electromagnetic adsorption function.

[0016] The spiral slide bar is arranged to slide on the spiral slide rail, and the characteristic shape of the spiral slide rail can drive the spiral slide bar to rotate when ascending or descending.

[0017] As a further improvement of the above solution, the sliding unit includes a hemispherical block and a hemispherical block groove, the two hemispherical block grooves are both opened in the outer rod, and the two hemispherical blocks are both fixed on the hinged inner rod, and the hemispherical blocks slide on the hemispherical block grooves.

[0018] Through the above technical solution, by providing hemispherical blocks at both ends of the hinged inner rod, and the hemispherical blocks slide on the hemispherical block grooves, the hinged inner rod moves more smoothly inside the outer rod while ensuring stability.

[0019] As a further improvement of the above solution, the telescopic unit includes a sliding pressing unit, a resetting unit, and a pulling unit;

[0020] The sliding and pressing unit includes a pulling plate, a T-shaped slider, a T-shaped slot, a bevel rod, a pressing slot, a rebound slot, an L-shaped rod, a spring 1 and a protrusion. The pulling plate is fixed to the output end of the electric push rod, and the T-shaped slider and the pulling plate are fixed. The T-shaped slot is arranged at one end of the connecting inner cylinder close to the pulling plate, the T-shaped slider fits in the T-shaped slot, the pressing slot is arranged in the T-shaped slot, and the rebound slot is arranged in the pressing slot. The T-shaped slot, the pressing slot and the rebound slot are interconnected to form a channel 3 for the sliding and pressing unit to move. One end of the spring 1 is welded in the pressing slot, and the other end of the spring 1 is welded to one end of the L-shaped rod. A protrusion is fixed to the other end of the L-shaped rod, and the bevel rod is fixed on the L-shaped rod and is located in the T-shaped slot.

[0021] Through the above technical solution, when the pull plate is driven by the electric push rod, the connecting inner cylinder rotates, and then the T-slot rotates around the T-slider, so that the T-slider can press the two inclined rods respectively, and control the distance between the four cross-shaped plates and the wear parts. When the two groups of wear parts are alternating, the cross-shaped plates will not affect them. The set spring can drive the inclined rod to be stably located in the T-slot when there is no pressure from the T-slider, and will not affect the pressing block.

[0022] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the reset unit includes a pressing block, a second spring, a moving rod, a moving rod groove and a connecting plate, one end of the second spring is welded to the pressing block, and the other end of the second spring is welded in the recovery groove, the moving rod groove is opened in the recovery groove and connected with the third channel to form a fourth channel for the moving rod to move, one end of the moving rod is fixed on the pressing block, and the other end of the moving rod is fixed to the connecting plate.

[0023] Through the above technical solution, the set spring 2 can drive the four cross-shaped plates to be retracted into the mounting plate, and then cooperate with the rotation of the mounting plate, which will not affect the replacement of the two sets of wear parts.

[0024] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the pulling unit includes a connecting plate groove, two articulated pull rods and a cross-shaped plate. The connecting plate groove is opened in the movable rod groove and is respectively connected with channel four and the mounting plate to form channel five for accommodating the connecting plate. One end of the four articulated pull rods two is hinged on the connecting plate, and the other end of the articulated pull rods two is hinged on one end of the cross-shaped plate.

[0025] Through the above technical solution, when the connecting plate is pulled into the connecting plate groove by the moving rod, the ends of the four hinged pull rods that are far away from each other can be stably driven to move closer together, thereby pulling the four cross-shaped plates back into the mounting plate.

[0026] As a further improvement of the above solution, the laminating unit includes a driving unit, a scraping unit, a collecting unit, and a guiding unit;

[0027] The driving unit includes a limit frame, a rack, a spring three, a push rod, a linkage rod, a toothed chain, and an engagement unit. The limit frame is fixed to one end of the cross-shaped plate close to the wear part, one end of the spring three is welded in the limit frame, and the other end of the spring three is welded to the rack, one end of the linkage rod is arranged in the fixing part through a bearing, the fixing part is provided with a groove for the linkage rod to extend out, and the other end of the fixing part extends out of the groove and is connected to the push rod to drive the push rod to rotate, thereby pressing the rack to drive the engagement unit to rotate to achieve the aggregation work.

[0028] According to the above technical solution, a motor is provided at one end of the active rod, and the motor drives the active rod to rotate, and a toothed ring is provided on both the active rod and the linkage rod, and the two toothed rings are connected by a toothed chain, so that the active rod can drive the linkage rod to rotate. The linkage rod drives the push rod to rotate, and then contacts the rack and pushes the rack into the limit frame. And under the rebound of the spring three, when the push rod is not in contact with the rack, the spring three will drive the rack back to its original position, thereby realizing the reciprocating scraping work.

[0029] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the meshing unit includes a fixed column, a rotating rod 1, a gear 1, a gear 2, a rotating rod 2 and a gear 3, the two fixed columns are fixed on the cross-shaped plate, the rotating rod 1 is rotatably arranged on the two fixed columns, the gear 1 is fixed to one end of the rotating rod 1, one end of the rotating rod 2 is arranged in a limit frame through a bearing, the gear 3 is fixed on the rotating rod 2, and the gear 3 and the rack constitute a meshing connection mechanism, the gear 2 is also fixed on the rotating rod 2 and is located below the gear 1, and the gear 1 and the gear 2 constitute a meshing connection structure.

[0030] Through the above technical solution, the rotating rod 2 is driven to rotate under the meshing connection of the rack and the gear 3, so that the rotating rod 1 rotates in the fixed column. Thus, the rope is wound, and the upward and downward scraping work of the push plate is realized. So that the rock and soil debris on the scraper can be collected and finally fall into the collection box.

[0031] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the scraper unit includes a scraper, a mounting column and a spring four, the spring four is fixed to the end of the cross-shaped plate away from the circular plate, the spring four is provided with a cavity for the scraper to move, and one end of the mounting column is welded in the cavity, and the other end of the mounting column is welded to the scraper.

[0032] Through the above technical solution, the scraper can better fit the wear part under the setting of the mounting column, and the scraper moves in the cavity opened by the spring 4, while also ensuring the stability of the scraper when scraping. And the rotation direction of the wear part always makes the rock and soil debris accumulate at one end of the guide groove.

[0033] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the material collection unit includes a rope groove, a rope, a push plate, a middle rod, a collecting box and a detection rod, the rope groove is opened on the cross-shaped plate, one end of the rope is fixed on the rotating rod, and the other end of the rope is fixedly connected to the push plate, the push plate is in contact with the scraper, one end of the middle rod is fixed on the cross-shaped plate, the detection rod is provided with a collecting box for collecting materials, and the middle rod and the detection rod are connected by threads.

[0034] Through the above technical solution, by providing a weight block above the push plate, under the action of gravity potential energy, when the rotating rod gradually releases the rope, the push plate can push the rock and soil debris on the scraper to enter the bottom of the scraper for concentration, and then under the action of gravity potential energy, these concentrated rock and soil debris will enter the collection box. In addition, a screw groove is opened in the middle of the collection box, and the screw groove extends into the detection rod, and a thread is provided on the outside below the middle rod. The middle rod can be stably threaded with the collection box and the detection rod, so it is also very convenient to clean the rock and soil debris in the collection box.

[0035] As a further improvement of the above solution, the guide unit includes a guide block and a guide groove, the guide groove is opened on the scraper plate, and the guide block is fixed on the push plate, and the guide block slides in the guide groove.

[0036] Through the above technical solution, by sliding on the guide block and the guide groove, the push plate can slide along the oblique edge of the scraper, so as to better scrape the material.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] The present invention can make two sets of wear parts alternately grind and expand the rock and soil body under the action of the alternating grinding mechanism, thereby reducing the wear of the wear parts to a certain extent and extending the service life of the equipment. In addition, the rotary collection mechanism can scrape the excess rock and soil debris on the wear parts into the collection box for collection, thereby avoiding the rock and soil debris falling at the bottom of the hole and enhancing the stability of subsequent detection experiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a front cross-sectional structure of a borehole expander for directional detection of rock and soil along a predetermined wire trajectory provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of a rotating pressing mechanism of a hole expander for directional detection of rock and soil along a predetermined wire track;

[0041] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a hole expander for directional detection of rock and soil along a predetermined wire track, viewed from above;

[0042] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a cross-shaped plate three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of a hole expander for directional detection of rock and soil along a predetermined wire track;

[0043] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of a connecting inner cylinder of a hole expander for directional detection of rock and soil along a predetermined wire trajectory;

[0044] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a scraper of a hole expander for directional detection of rock and soil along a predetermined wire track;

[0045] Figure 7 A hole expander for directional detection of rock and soil along a predetermined wire trajectory Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in the middle;

[0046] Figure 8 A hole expander for directional detection of rock and soil along a predetermined wire trajectory Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at B in the middle;

[0047] Fig. 9 A hole expander for directional detection of rock and soil along a predetermined wire trajectory Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at C in the middle;

[0048] Fig.10 A hole expander for directional detection of rock and soil along a predetermined wire trajectory Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at D in the middle.

[0049] Description of main symbols:

[0050] 1. Shell; 2. Connector; 3. Round plate; 4. Insert slot 1; 5. Slide slot; 6. Slide rail 1; 7. Slider; 8. Articulated inner rod; 9. Hemispherical block; 10. Hemispherical block slot; 11. Outer rod; 12. Fixed round rod; 13. Articulated pull rod 1; 14. Electric push rod; 15. Insert slot 2; 16. Connect outer cylinder; 17. Spiral slide rail; 18. Spiral slide bar; 19. Connect inner cylinder; 20. Pull plate; 21. T-type slider; 22. T-type slot; 23. Inclined rod; 24. Pressing slot; 25. Recovery slot; 26. L-type rod; 27. Spring 1; 28. Bump; 29. ​​Pressing block; 30. Spring 2; 31. Moving rod; 32. Moving rod slot; 33, connecting plate; 34, connecting plate slot; 35, hinged pull rod 2; 36, cross-shaped plate; 37, fixed column; 38, rotating rod 1; 39, gear 1; 40, gear 2; 41, rotating rod 2; 42, gear 3; 43, limit frame; 44, rack; 45, spring 3; 46, rope slot; 47, rope; 48, push plate; 49, guide block; 50, guide slot; 51, scraper; 52, mounting column; 53, spring 4; 54, rotating push rod; 55, linkage rod; 56, toothed chain; 57, active rod; 58, fixing part; 59, wearing part; 60, middle rod; 61, collecting box; 62, detection rod; 63, mounting plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. It should be noted that, under the premise of no conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form a new embodiment.

[0052] Embodiment 1:

[0053] Please combine Figure 1-10 The embodiment of the present invention is a reamer for directional detection of rock and soil along a predetermined wire track, comprising a housing 1, one end of the housing 1 is connected to a connector 2, and the other end of the housing 1 is fixed to a circular plate 3;

[0054] The alternating grinding mechanism includes an insertion groove 4, a slide groove 5, a slide rail 6, a slider 7, a hinged inner rod 8, an outer rod 11, a fixed round rod 12, a hinged pull rod 13, an active rod 57, a fixing part 58, a wear part 59 and a sliding unit. The insertion groove 4 is provided on the circular plate 3. Eight slide grooves 5 are coaxially provided on the circular plate 3 on one side of the insertion groove 4 and penetrate the circular plate 3. The insertion groove 4 and the slide groove 5 are interconnected to form a channel 1 for the hinged pull rod 13 to move. Two slide rails 6 are both provided in the slide groove 5. The slider 7 slides on the slide rail 6. One end of the four hinged pull rods 13 is hinged to four symmetrical ones. On the slider 7, the other ends of the four hinged pull rods 13 are hinged to the output end of the electric push rod 14, the other end of the electric push rod 14 is fixed in the housing 1, one end of the hinged inner rod 8 is hinged to one end of the slider 7, and the other end of the hinged inner rod 8 is arranged in the outer rod 11 through a sliding unit, a fixed round rod 12 is fixed in the middle of the outer rod 11, and the fixed round rod 12 is fixed to the circular plate 3 through a bearing, and a fixing part 58 is fixed to the other end of the slider 7, and an active rod 57 is provided with a motor at one end and is located in the fixing part 58 for driving the active rod 57 to drive the wear part 59 to rotate, and the other end of the active rod 57 is fixed to the wear part 59;

[0055] When a slider 7 slides in the slide rail 6, it drives the hinged inner rod 8 to perform telescopic movement in the outer rod 11, and the outer rod 11 rotates with the fixed round rod 12 as the center, thereby driving the slider 7 connected to the hinged inner rod 8 in the outer rod 11 on the other side to slide in the slide rail 6, thereby realizing the two sets of wear parts 59 alternately extending out of the circular plate 3 to operate.

[0056] The rotating material collection mechanism includes an insertion groove 15, a connecting outer cylinder 16, a spiral slide rail 17, a spiral slide bar 18, a connecting inner cylinder 19, a mounting plate 63, a telescopic unit and a bonding unit. The insertion groove 15 is arranged on the circular plate 3 in the middle of the insertion groove 1, the connecting outer cylinder 16 is fixed to the end of the circular plate 3 away from the outer shell 1, the insertion groove 15 and the connecting outer cylinder 16 are interconnected to form a channel 2 for the electric push rod 14 and the pull plate 20 to extend into, the spiral slide rail 17 is arranged in the connecting outer cylinder 16, the spiral slide bar 18 is fixed on the connecting inner cylinder 19, and the spiral slide bar 18 slides in the spiral slide rail 17, the mounting plate 63 is fixed to the end of the connecting inner cylinder 19 located outside the connecting outer cylinder 16, and the telescopic unit and the bonding unit are arranged in the mounting plate 63 to scrape the wear parts 59.

[0057] The implementation principle of the present invention is to use an expander for directional detection of rock and soil along a predetermined wire trajectory as follows: first, use an underground hole-turning device to perform pre-hole-turning processing, and then connect one end of the connecting member 2 to a drilling rig or other equipment to rotate and apply pressure. (The initial state is as follows Figure 1) Place the detection rod 62 into the hole, and the four wear parts 59 are respectively attached to the edge of the hole. When the motor connected to the connecting member 2 is started, the housing 1 and the detection rod 62 are driven to rotate as a whole and go deeper into the hole. At the same time, the motor on the side of the active rod 57 is started to drive the active rod 57 to rotate, so that the wear parts 59 rotate, so that the wear parts 59 are attached to the edge of the hole wall for grinding and expanding the hole. With the continuous deepening of the connecting member 2 into the hole, the wear parts 59 will adhere to a lot of rock and soil debris. Because the scraper 51 is attached to the wear parts 59 under the elastic potential energy of the spring four 53, the excess debris on the wear parts 59 will be resisted, so that the debris is accumulated on the scraper 51 on the side of the push plate 48. Because the linkage rod 55 is driven by the tooth chain 56, it also follows the active rod 57 rotates at the same speed, so that the push rod 54 also rotates. When the push rod 54 rotates to one end of the rack 44, it will fit on the rack 44 and push the rack 44 into the limit frame 43, compressing the spring three 45. Under the meshing connection between the rack 44 and the gear three 42, the gear three 42 is driven to rotate, so that the rotating rod two 41 also rotates, and the gear two 40 also rotates. Under the meshing connection between the gear two 40 and the gear one 39, the gear one 39 is driven to rotate, so that the rotating rod one 38 also rotates, and the rope 47 is released. Under the action of gravity of the push plate 48, the rope 47 moves in the rope groove 46 toward the scraper 51, so that the push plate 48 moves toward the bottom of the scraper 51 along with the scraper 51, and at the same time, the guide block 49 slides on the guide groove 50, and then the push plate 48 pushes the debris adhering to the scraper 51 to the bottom of the scraper 51, and the debris is concentrated under the action of gravity potential energy and falls into the collection box 61, and when the push plate 48 moves to the bottom of the scraper 51, the push rod 54 will separate from the rack 44, and then drive the rack 44 back to its original position under the rebound potential energy of the spring three 45, so that the gear three 42 drives the rotating rod two 41 and the gear two 40 to rotate, and at the same time, the gear one 39 also rotates to drive the rotating rod one 38 to re-wind the rope 47, so that the push plate 48 returns to the top of the scraper 51. Therefore, each time the push rod 54 presses the rack 44 , the push plate 48 can be driven to scrape the debris on the scraper 51 into the collection box 61 for collection.

[0058] When the wear parts 59 need to be replaced alternately, the electric push rod 14 is started so that the output end of the electric push rod 14 moves from the inner part of the connecting outer cylinder 16 to the outer shell 1, so that the electric push rod 14 drives the pull plate 20 to move from the inner part of the connecting outer cylinder 16 to the inner part of the outer shell 1, and pulls the connecting inner cylinder 19 upward, so that the spiral slide bar 18 slides on the spiral slide rail 17. Since the spiral slide rail 17 is spiral, the connecting inner cylinder 19 rotates when it is pulled upward by the pull plate 20, and then the T-slot 22 surrounds the inner cylinder 19. The T-shaped slider 21 is rotated outside so that the T-shaped slider 21 is separated from one of the inclined rods 23. Under the rebound potential energy of the spring 1 27, the two inclined rods 23 are in a straight line. Since the pressing block 29 is no longer pressed by the protrusion 28, the elastic potential energy of the spring 2 30 drives the pressing block 29 and the moving rod 31 to move in the moving rod groove 32 toward the pressing groove 24, so that the connecting plate 33 also moves into the connecting plate groove 34, pulling the two hinged pull rods 2 35 closer to each other, so that the two cross-shaped plates 36 are installed. The plates 63 slide in and approach each other, and then drive the rack 44 and the scraper 51 away from the rotary push rod 54 and the wear part 59 respectively. At the same time, since the output end of the electric push rod 14 retracts into the housing 1, it will pull the ends of the four articulated pull rods 13 that are away from each other to approach each other, and then pull the four sliders 7 connected to the articulated pull rods 13 to slide in the slide rail 6 and approach each other. Since the slider 7 connected to the articulated pull rod 13 gradually approaches the electric push rod 14, the articulated inner rod 8 on the slider 7 connected to the spiral slide bar 18 moves The outer rod 11 extends into the inner part, and the hemispherical block 9 slides on the hemispherical block groove 10. Since the hinged inner rod 8 drives the outer rod 11 to rotate in a circle with the fixed round rod 12, the hinged inner rod 8 on the other slider 7 not connected to the hinged pull rod 13 will also rotate in a circle with the fixed round rod 12 when it is extended and retracted in the outer rod 11. Therefore, the slider 7 not connected to the hinged pull rod 13 drives the wear part 59 to move to the outside of the circular plate 3 and contact the rock and soil wall, and the slider 7 connected to the hinged pull rod 13 drives the wear part 59 to retract to the bottom of the circular plate 3. When the two groups of wear parts 59 are alternating, the connecting inner cylinder 19 is driven to rotate during the rising process of the pull plate 20, and cooperates with the T-shaped slider 21 to move away from the inclined rod 23, so that the cross-shaped plate 36 follows the mounting plate 63 to rotate away from the wear part 59, so that the cross-shaped plate 36 will rotate between two adjacent wear parts 59, which will not affect the alternation of the two groups of wear parts 59.When the slider 7 not connected to the hinged pull rod 13 moves to one end of the hinged inner rod 8 so that the wear part 59 is completely in contact with the soil and rock mass, the electric push rod 14 also stops pulling the pull plate 20 upwards. At this time, the connecting inner cylinder 19 has driven the T-slot 22 to rotate the other inclined rod 23 to the bottom of the T-slot slider 21, and is pressed by the inclined rod 23, so that the spring 127 is stretched, and the protrusion 28 presses the pressing block 29, driving the moving rod 31 to slide in the moving rod slot 32, and the connecting plate 33 moves from the connecting plate slot 34. The two hinged pull rods 35 are out, so that the two hinged pull rods 35 are horizontal again, and the two cross-shaped plates 36 are separated from each other, driving the rack 44 to be located again under the rotating push rod 54 at the end of the wear part 59 that is not connected to the hinged pull rod 13, and then the rack 44 is pushed by the rotating push rod 54 to realize the scraping work of the push plate 48 on the scraper 51, and the two cross-shaped plates 36 are separated from each other, so that the scraper 51 is attached to this wear part 59, and the mounting column 52 is compressed, so that the work of alternating the two sets of wear parts 59 can be completed.

[0059] In this way, the hole enlargement work is completed through the work of the above parts, and after the hole enlargement is completed, the device is pulled up, and the detection rod 62 is rotated so that the detection rod 62 drives the collection box 61 and the middle rod 60 to separate, and the rock and soil debris in the collection box 61 can be cleaned.

[0060] Embodiment 2:

[0061] Combination Figure 1-10 Based on Example 1, this embodiment is further improved in that: the sliding unit includes a hemispherical block 9 and a hemispherical block groove 10, the two hemispherical block grooves 10 are both opened in the outer rod 11, and the two hemispherical blocks 9 are both fixed on the hinged inner rod 8, and the hemispherical blocks 9 slide on the hemispherical block grooves 10.

[0062] The telescopic unit includes a sliding and pressing unit, a resetting unit, and a pulling unit;

[0063] The sliding and pressing unit includes a pulling plate 20, a T-shaped slider 21, a T-shaped slot 22, a bevel rod 23, a pressing slot 24, a rebound slot 25, an L-shaped rod 26, a spring 27 and a protrusion 28. The pulling plate 20 is fixed at the output end of the electric push rod 14, and the T-shaped slider 21 and the pulling plate 20 are fixed. The T-shaped slot 22 is arranged at one end of the connecting inner cylinder 19 close to the pulling plate 20. The T-shaped slider 21 fits in the T-shaped slot 22, the pressing slot 24 is arranged in the T-shaped slot 22, and the rebound slot 25 is arranged in the pressing slot 24. The T-shaped slot 22, the pressing slot 24 and the rebound slot 25 are interconnected to form a channel 3 for the sliding and pressing unit to move. One end of the spring 27 is welded in the pressing slot 24, and the other end of the spring 27 is welded to one end of the L-shaped rod 26. The other end of the L-shaped rod 26 is fixed with a protrusion 28. The bevel rod 23 is fixed on the L-shaped rod 26 and is located in the T-shaped slot 22.

[0064] The reset unit includes a pressing block 29, a spring 230, a moving rod 31, a moving rod groove 32 and a connecting plate 33. One end of the spring 230 is welded to the pressing block 29, and the other end of the spring 230 is welded in the recovery groove 25. The moving rod groove 32 is opened in the recovery groove 25 and is connected with the channel 3 to form a channel 4 for the moving rod 31 to move. One end of the moving rod 31 is fixed to the pressing block 29, and the other end of the moving rod 31 is fixed to the connecting plate 33.

[0065] The pulling unit includes a connecting plate groove 34, an articulated pull rod 2 35 and a cross-shaped plate 36. The connecting plate groove 34 is opened in the movable rod groove 32 and is respectively connected with the channel 4 and the mounting plate 63 to form a channel 5 for accommodating the connecting plate 33. One end of the four articulated pull rods 2 35 is hinged on the connecting plate 33, and the other end of the articulated pull rods 2 35 is hinged to one end of the cross-shaped plate 36.

[0066] Embodiment 3:

[0067] Combination Figure 1-10 , based on the embodiment 1-2, the present embodiment is further improved in that: the laminating unit includes a driving unit, a scraping unit, a collecting unit, and a guiding unit;

[0068] The driving unit includes a limit frame 43, a rack 44, a spring three 45, a push rod 54, a linkage rod 55, a toothed chain 56, and an engaging unit. The limit frame 43 is fixed to one end of the cross-shaped plate 36 close to the wear part 59, one end of the spring three 45 is welded in the limit frame 43, and the other end of the spring three 45 is welded to the rack 44, one end of the linkage rod 55 is arranged in the fixing part 58 through a bearing, and the fixing part 58 is provided with a groove for the linkage rod 55 to extend out, and the other end of the fixing part 58 extends out of the groove and is connected to the push rod 54 for driving the push rod 54 to rotate, thereby pressing the rack 44 to drive the engaging unit to rotate to achieve the aggregation work.

[0069] The meshing unit includes a fixed column 37, a rotating rod 38, a gear 39, a gear 40, a rotating rod 41 and a gear 3 42. The two fixed columns 37 are fixed on the cross plate 36. The rotating rod 38 is rotatably arranged on the two fixed columns 37. The gear 1 39 is fixed to one end of the rotating rod 1 38. One end of the rotating rod 2 41 is arranged in a limit frame 43 through a bearing. The gear 3 42 is fixed to the rotating rod 2 41, and the gear 3 42 and the rack 44 constitute a meshing connection mechanism. The gear 2 40 is also fixed to the rotating rod 2 41 and is located below the gear 1 39. The gear 1 39 and the gear 2 40 constitute a meshing connection structure.

[0070] The scraper unit includes a scraper 51, a mounting column 52 and a spring 53. The spring 53 is fixed to the end of the cross-shaped plate 36 away from the circular plate 3. A cavity is provided on the spring 53 for the scraper 51 to move, and one end of the mounting column 52 is welded in the cavity, and the other end of the mounting column 52 is welded to the scraper 51.

[0071] The material collecting unit includes a rope groove 46, a rope 47, a push plate 48, a middle rod 60, a collecting box 61 and a detection rod 62. The rope groove 46 is opened on the cross plate 36. One end of the rope 47 is fixed on the rotating rod 38, and the other end of the rope 47 is fixedly connected to the push plate 48. The push plate 48 is in contact with the scraper 51. One end of the middle rod 60 is fixed on the cross plate 36. The detection rod 62 is provided with a collecting box 61 for collecting materials. The middle rod 60 and the detection rod 62 are connected by threads.

[0072] The guide unit includes a guide block 49 and a guide groove 50 . The guide groove 50 is formed on the scraper plate 51 . The guide block 49 is fixed on the push plate 48 . The guide block 49 slides in the guide groove 50 .

[0073] The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by technicians in this field on the basis of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A hole expander for directional detection of rock and soil along a predetermined wire trajectory, characterized in that: include: A shell, one end of which is connected to a connector, and the other end of which is fixed to a circular plate; An alternating grinding mechanism, the alternating grinding mechanism includes an insertion groove, a slide groove, a slide rail, a slider, an articulated inner rod, an outer rod, a fixed round rod, an articulated pull rod, an active rod, a fixing part, a wear part and a sliding unit, the insertion groove is arranged on a circular plate, eight slide grooves are coaxially arranged on a circular plate on one side of the insertion groove and penetrate the circular plate, the insertion groove and the slide groove are interconnected to form a channel for the articulated pull rod to move, two slide rails are arranged in the slide groove, the slider slides on the slide rail, and one end of four articulated pull rods is hinged on four pairs of them. On the slider of the scale, the other ends of the four hinged pull rods are hinged on the output end of the electric push rod, the other end of the electric push rod is fixed in the shell, one end of the hinged inner rod is hinged on one end of the slider, and the other end of the hinged inner rod is arranged in the outer rod through a sliding unit, a fixed round rod is fixed in the middle of the outer rod, and the fixed round rod is fixed on the circular plate through a bearing, a fixing piece is fixed on the other end of the slider, one end of the active rod is provided with a motor and is located in the fixing piece for driving the active rod to drive the wear part to rotate, and the other end of the active rod is fixed to the wear part; When a slider slides in the first slide rail, it drives the hinged inner rod to perform telescopic movement in the outer rod, and the outer rod rotates with the fixed round rod as the center of the circle, thereby driving the slider connected to the hinged inner rod in the other side outer rod to slide in the first slide rail, thereby realizing the operation of the two sets of wear parts being alternately extended out of the circular plate; A rotating material collection mechanism, the rotating material collection mechanism comprises an insertion groove II, a connecting outer cylinder, a spiral slide rail, a spiral slide bar, a connecting inner cylinder, a mounting plate, a telescopic unit and a fitting unit, the insertion groove II is arranged on a circular plate in the middle of the insertion groove I, the connecting outer cylinder is fixed to an end of the circular plate away from the outer shell, the insertion groove II and the connecting outer cylinder are interconnected to form a channel II for the electric push rod and the pull plate to be inserted, the spiral slide rail is arranged in the connecting outer cylinder, the spiral slide bar is fixed on the connecting inner cylinder, and the spiral slide bar slides in the spiral slide rail, the mounting plate is fixed to an end of the connecting inner cylinder outside the connecting outer cylinder, and the telescopic unit and the fitting unit are arranged in the mounting plate to perform material scraping treatment on the wear parts; The sliding unit comprises a hemispherical block and a hemispherical block groove, wherein the two hemispherical block grooves are both provided in the outer rod, and the two hemispherical blocks are both fixed on the hinged inner rod, and the hemispherical blocks slide on the hemispherical block grooves; The telescopic unit includes a sliding and pressing unit, a resetting unit, and a pulling unit; The sliding and pressing unit comprises a pulling plate, a T-shaped slider, a T-shaped slot, a bevel rod, a pressing slot, a rebounding slot, an L-shaped rod, a spring 1 and a convex block. The pulling plate is fixed to the output end of the electric push rod, and the T-shaped slider and the pulling plate are fixed. The T-shaped slot is arranged at one end of the connecting inner cylinder close to the pulling plate, the T-shaped slider fits in the T-shaped slot, the pressing slot is arranged in the T-shaped slot, and the rebounding slot is arranged in the pressing slot. The T-shaped slot, the pressing slot and the rebounding slot are interconnected to form a channel 3 for the sliding and pressing unit to move. One end of the spring 1 is welded in the pressing slot, and the other end of the spring 1 is welded to one end of the L-shaped rod. A convex block is fixed to the other end of the L-shaped rod, and the bevel rod is fixed on the L-shaped rod and is located in the T-shaped slot. The laminating unit includes a driving unit, a scraping unit, a collecting unit, and a guiding unit; The driving unit includes a limit frame, a rack, a spring three, a push rod, a linkage rod, a toothed chain, and a meshing unit. The limit frame is fixed to one end of the cross-shaped plate close to the wear part, one end of the spring three is welded in the limit frame, and the other end of the spring three is welded to the rack. One end of the linkage rod is arranged in the fixing part through a bearing. The fixing part is provided with a groove for the linkage rod to extend out, and the other end of the fixing part extends out of the groove and is connected to the push rod to drive the push rod to rotate, thereby pressing the rack to drive the meshing unit to rotate to achieve the material collection work. The meshing unit comprises a fixed column, a rotating rod 1, a gear 1, a gear 2, a rotating rod 2 and a gear 3, the two fixed columns are fixed on the cross-shaped plate, the rotating rod 1 is rotatably arranged on the two fixed columns, the gear 1 is fixed on one end of the rotating rod 1, one end of the rotating rod 2 is arranged in a limit frame through a bearing, the gear 3 is fixed on the rotating rod 2, and the gear 3 and the rack constitute a meshing connection mechanism, the gear 2 is also fixed on the rotating rod 2 and is located below the gear 1, and the gear 1 and the gear 2 constitute a meshing connection structure; The scraper unit comprises a scraper, a mounting column and a spring four, wherein the spring four is fixed to one end of the cross-shaped plate away from the circular plate, a cavity for the scraper to move is provided on the spring four, one end of the mounting column is welded in the cavity, and the other end of the mounting column is welded to the scraper; The material collecting unit comprises a rope groove, a rope, a push plate, a middle rod, a collecting box and a detection rod, wherein the rope groove is provided on a cross-shaped plate, one end of the rope is fixed on a rotating rod, and the other end of the rope is fixedly connected to the push plate, the push plate is in contact with a scraper, one end of the middle rod is fixed on the cross-shaped plate, a collecting box is provided on the detection rod for collecting materials, and the middle rod and the detection rod are connected by a thread; The guide unit comprises a guide block and a guide groove, wherein the guide groove is arranged on the scraper plate, and the guide block is fixed on the push plate, and the guide block slides in the guide groove.

2. A hole expander for directional detection of rock and soil along a predetermined wire trajectory as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The reset unit includes a pressing block, a second spring, a moving rod, a moving rod groove and a connecting plate, one end of the second spring is welded to the pressing block, and the other end of the second spring is welded in the recovery groove, the moving rod groove is opened in the recovery groove and is connected with the third channel to form a fourth channel for the moving rod to move, one end of the moving rod is fixed to the pressing block, and the other end of the moving rod is fixed to the connecting plate.

3. A hole expander for directional detection of rock and soil along a predetermined wire trajectory as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The pulling unit includes a connecting plate groove, two articulated pull rods and a cross-shaped plate. The connecting plate groove is opened in the moving rod groove and is respectively connected with channel four and the mounting plate to form channel five for accommodating the connecting plate. One end of the four articulated pull rods two is hinged on the connecting plate, and the other end of the articulated pull rods two is hinged on one end of the cross-shaped plate.

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