A precooling device for liquid hydrogen refueling station and use method thereof

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of liquid or gas storage and distribution, and specifically relates to a precooling device for a liquid hydrogen refueling station and a method of use. The present application sets a conversion module, and the liquid hydrogen inside the liquid hydrogen containing unit can directly absorb the heat of the hydrogen in the hydrogen pipeline to cool the hydrogen, and at the same time, the liquid hydrogen itself is vaporized into hydrogen. This design solves the problem of low cold utilization rate caused by the need for an intermediate heat transfer medium in the prior art, improves the energy conversion efficiency, and thus reduces the energy consumption of the entire precooling device. The present application sets a processing module and a hydrogen storage module to stably process and store the liquid hydrogen vaporized in the liquid hydrogen containing unit under high pressure and normal temperature. Furthermore, by connecting the air intake pipeline with the hydrogen storage module, not only the effective storage of hydrogen after liquid hydrogen vaporization is achieved, but also the refrigeration mechanism in the system can be used to cool the hydrogen produced by vaporization, thereby forming a recycling system of liquid hydrogen vaporization and hydrogen refrigeration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of liquid or gas storage and distribution, and specifically relates to a precooling device for a liquid hydrogen refueling station and a method of use. Background Art

[0002] As a fuel, hydrogen has diverse sources and its combustion products are environmentally friendly and will not cause the greenhouse effect, so it is regarded as a clean energy. As a key infrastructure supporting the application of hydrogen energy, the construction of hydrogen refueling stations is also accelerating as hydrogen energy technology is increasingly valued.

[0003] At present, hydrogen refueling stations are further divided into gas hydrogen refueling stations and liquid hydrogen refueling stations according to the different initial storage phases of hydrogen in the station. Specifically, the so-called gas hydrogen refueling station refers to a hydrogen refueling station that stores high-pressure hydrogen in hydrogen storage bottles and fills hydrogen into hydrogen fuel cell vehicles when in use; while the liquid hydrogen refueling station stores hydrogen in liquid form. When it is needed, the liquid hydrogen is first vaporized into gaseous hydrogen before it can be filled into the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle. However, whether it is a gas hydrogen refueling station or a liquid hydrogen refueling station, their main function at this stage is to supply gaseous hydrogen to hydrogen fuel cell vehicles.

[0004] However, when hydrogen fuel cell vehicles are being filled with hydrogen at a hydrogen refueling station, high-pressure hydrogen expands in the onboard hydrogen storage bottle. Due to the coke effect of hydrogen, the temperature of the onboard hydrogen storage bottle will rise significantly. Due to the fast filling speed, the onboard hydrogen storage bottle cannot dissipate heat in time, and its temperature can easily exceed the 85°C specified by international standards, which brings great safety hazards and has a negative impact on the driving range. This temperature rise phenomenon is particularly obvious in 70MPa hydrogen refueling stations. Therefore, 70MPa hydrogen refueling stations are generally equipped with hydrogen precoolers to cool the hydrogen to ensure the safe filling of hydrogen.

[0005] At present, in order to make full use of the cold energy generated in the process of liquid hydrogen vaporization, liquid hydrogen refueling stations often store the cold energy generated in the process by setting up cold storage materials. For example, the patent with application number 201811108931.8 discloses a transportation system for a liquid hydrogen refueling station, which circulates cold energy between an evaporator and a cooler through a heat exchange medium, exchanges heat with liquid hydrogen in the evaporator to convert the liquid hydrogen into hydrogen, and exchanges heat with the vaporized hydrogen in the cooler to cool the hydrogen, thereby achieving the goal of reducing the energy consumption of the hydrogen refueling station. However, the disadvantage of this method is that the heat storage and cold storage intermediate medium will inevitably have problems of low heat exchange efficiency and energy waste during use. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a novel precooling device for liquid hydrogen refueling station, which is specifically achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A precooling device for a liquid hydrogen refueling station, characterized in that it includes a conversion module, the conversion module includes a liquid hydrogen containing unit, a liquid hydrogen input pipeline connected to the liquid hydrogen containing unit, and a hydrogen pipeline partially arranged inside the liquid hydrogen containing unit, the outer wall of the hydrogen pipeline is in direct contact with the liquid hydrogen inside the liquid hydrogen containing unit; the liquid hydrogen containing unit is also connected to a processing module for heating and high-pressure treatment of the liquid hydrogen vaporized in the liquid hydrogen containing unit; a connecting pipeline for passing the vaporized liquid hydrogen is arranged between the liquid hydrogen containing unit and the processing module, and as the vaporized liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen containing unit continues to increase, the vaporized liquid hydrogen will flow along the connecting pipeline The low-pressure hydrogen flows through a pipeline to a processing module; the processing module is connected to a hydrogen storage module for storing high-pressure hydrogen at room temperature obtained by high-pressure heating treatment; the hydrogen pipeline includes an inlet pipeline and an outlet pipeline, the inlet pipeline is connected to the hydrogen storage module, and the outlet pipeline is used to fill hydrogen; the precooling device also includes a security module, the security module includes a collection unit for collecting low-pressure hydrogen, and a venting unit connected to the collection unit and used to discharge hydrogen into the air, the venting unit is provided with a fire protection unit for controlling the hydrogen emission; the collection unit is connected to the liquid hydrogen input pipeline venting pipe and / or the processing module.

[0008] Preferably, the collection unit is built into the hydrogen storage module, and the hydrogen storage module is connected to the venting unit.

[0009] Preferably, the air inlet pipe is provided with an air inlet detection unit for detecting the air pressure and / or temperature of the hydrogen therein; the air outlet pipe is provided with an air outlet detection unit for detecting the air pressure and / or temperature of the hydrogen therein.

[0010] Preferably, the security module further comprises a pipeline detection unit which is arranged on the liquid hydrogen input pipeline and is used to detect the pressure and / or temperature inside the liquid hydrogen input pipeline.

[0011] Preferably, the precooling device is further provided with an impurity removal module connected to the hydrogen pipeline and / or the liquid hydrogen input pipeline.

[0012] Preferably, the connecting pipe between the liquid hydrogen containing unit and the processing module is also provided with a closed pipe detection unit for detecting the gas pressure and / or temperature therein, a switch unit for controlling the opening or closing of the connecting pipe, and a safety regulating valve arranged between the closed pipe detection unit and the switch unit.

[0013] The method for using any of the above-mentioned precooling devices for liquid hydrogen refueling stations comprises the following steps: liquid hydrogen is input into the liquid hydrogen containing unit through a liquid hydrogen input pipeline, and at the same time, a hydrogen pipeline flow switch is turned on to promote heat exchange between the hydrogen inside the pipeline and the liquid hydrogen in the conversion module, thereby promoting vaporization of the liquid hydrogen.

[0014] Preferably, the method of use further comprises the following steps: opening the impurity removal module, introducing nitrogen into the liquid hydrogen input pipeline and the hydrogen pipeline to remove the air in the pipeline; and then, introducing hydrogen into the liquid hydrogen input pipeline and the hydrogen pipeline to remove the nitrogen in the pipeline.

[0015] Preferably, the precooling device for the liquid hydrogen refueling station includes a pipeline detection unit arranged on the liquid hydrogen input pipeline and used to detect the pressure inside the liquid hydrogen input pipeline. The method of use also includes the following steps: when the pressure value detected by the pipeline detection unit reaches a threshold value, opening the switch valve between the liquid hydrogen input pipeline and the collection unit, so as to cause the vaporized liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen input pipeline to flow into the collection unit.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The precooling device of the present application is provided with a conversion module, and the liquid hydrogen inside the liquid hydrogen containing unit can directly absorb the heat of the hydrogen in the hydrogen pipeline to cool the hydrogen, and at the same time, the liquid hydrogen itself is vaporized into hydrogen. This design solves the problem of low cold capacity utilization rate caused by the need for an intermediate heat transfer medium in the prior art, improves energy conversion efficiency, reduces the energy required for additional cooling of hydrogen, and reduces the energy consumption of the entire precooling device.

[0018] This application configures a security module on the hydrogen storage module to ensure that the excess high-pressure gas inside the hydrogen storage module and the low-pressure gas in the collection unit can be safely discharged into the atmosphere through the venting unit. In this process, the discharged hydrogen is controlled by the summary discharge mechanism, and the fire protection unit can accurately manage the emission of hydrogen, thereby improving the safety of the equipment. In addition, by setting up a liquid hydrogen input pipeline connected to the collection unit, the safety hazard caused by the vaporization of liquid hydrogen in the pipeline when hydrogen is directly converted into liquid hydrogen is effectively solved.

[0019] The present application provides a processing module and a hydrogen storage module to stably process and store the vaporized liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage unit at high pressure and room temperature. By connecting the air intake pipeline with the hydrogen storage module, not only the effective storage of hydrogen after vaporization of liquid hydrogen is achieved, but also the refrigeration mechanism in the system can be used to cool the hydrogen generated by vaporization, thereby forming a recycling system of liquid hydrogen vaporization and hydrogen refrigeration, which improves the overall efficiency and safety of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to clearly illustrate the embodiments, the drawings of the accompanying drawings are briefly introduced below:

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the precooling device for a liquid hydrogen refueling station disclosed in Example 1 of the present application;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a partial enlarged view of the precooling device for a liquid hydrogen refueling station disclosed in Example 1 of the present application;

[0023] Figure 3 A top view of the precooling device for a liquid hydrogen refueling station disclosed in Example 1 of the present application;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a precooling device for a liquid hydrogen refueling station disclosed in Example 1 of the present application;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a precooling device for a liquid hydrogen refueling station disclosed in Example 1 of the present application;

[0026] Reference numerals: 100, conversion module, 110, liquid hydrogen containing unit, 120, liquid hydrogen input pipeline, 120a, venting pipeline, 121, pipeline detection unit, 121a, pipeline pressure detection unit, 121b, pipeline temperature detection unit, 130, hydrogen pipeline, 131, air intake pipeline, 1311, air intake detection unit, 1311a, air intake pressure detection unit, 1311b, air intake temperature detection unit, 132, air outlet pipeline, 1321, air outlet detection unit, 1321a, air outlet pressure detection unit force detection unit, 1321b, outlet temperature detection unit, 200, processing module, 210, processing main pipe, 211, first branch pipe, 212, second branch pipe, 300, hydrogen storage module, 400, security module, 410, collection unit, 420, venting unit, 430, fire protection unit, 500, impurity removal module, 600, connecting pipeline, 610, closed pipeline detection unit, 610a, pressure detection component, 610b, temperature detection component, 620, switch unit, 630, safety regulating valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present application will be further described below in the form of specific embodiments. Those of ordinary skill in the art will be able to implement the present application based on these descriptions. In addition, the embodiments of the present application involved in the following description are generally only embodiments of a part of the present application, rather than all embodiments. Therefore, based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] This embodiment discloses a precooling device for a liquid hydrogen refueling station, the precooling device comprising:

[0030] The conversion module 100 includes a liquid hydrogen containing unit 110, a liquid hydrogen input pipeline 120, and a hydrogen pipeline 130 partially arranged on the surface of the liquid hydrogen containing unit 110. The liquid hydrogen input pipeline 120 is used to transport liquid hydrogen to the inside of the liquid hydrogen containing unit 110, and is provided with a liquid hydrogen shut-off valve and a liquid hydrogen flow regulating valve; the hydrogen pipeline 130 includes an intake pipeline 131 and an outlet pipeline 132 for filling hydrogen into the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle. In order to control the cooling effect of the conversion module 100, an intake detection unit 1311 is arranged on the intake pipeline 131, and the intake detection unit 1311 includes an intake temperature detection unit 1311b for detecting the intake temperature, and further, the intake detection unit 1311 also includes an intake pressure detection unit 1311a for detecting the pressure of the intake. Accordingly, the outlet pipe 132 in this embodiment includes an outlet detection unit 1321, and the outlet detection unit specifically includes an outlet pressure detection unit 1321a and an outlet temperature detection unit 1321b. When the precooling device of this embodiment is in use, the temperature difference between hydrogen and liquid hydrogen can be used to achieve heat and even liquid hydrogen phase transition. Specifically, the heat of hydrogen itself will be absorbed by the liquid state, so the hydrogen temperature is reduced, and the liquid hydrogen will vaporize to generate hydrogen.

[0031] The processing module 200 is connected to the liquid hydrogen containing unit 110 through a connecting pipe 600. Specifically, the connecting pipe 600 is also provided with a closed pipe detection unit 610, a switch unit 620 for controlling the opening or closing of the connecting pipe 600, and a safety regulating valve 630 arranged between the closed pipe detection unit 610 and the switch unit 620. The closed pipe detection unit 610 includes a pressure detection component 610a and a temperature detection component 610b. During the use of the precooling device of this embodiment, as the liquid hydrogen vaporized inside the liquid hydrogen containing unit 110 continues to increase, the hydrogen will flow along the connecting pipe 600 to the processing module 200. Since the temperature of this part of the hydrogen varies, the processing module 200 can reheat it to room temperature and perform high-pressure treatment on it to prepare for subsequent storage. In this embodiment, when the switch unit 620 is in a closed state, the safety regulating valve 630 will discharge hydrogen to the vent pipe based on the detection results of the closed pipeline detection unit 610 on the hydrogen pressure and temperature in the connecting pipeline 600, so as to avoid safety hazards caused by excessive hydrogen pressure in the pipeline.

[0032] The hydrogen storage module 300 is used to store the high-pressure hydrogen obtained by the high-pressure treatment of the processing module 200, and is connected to the processing module 200 through the processing main pipe 210. Specifically, the processing main pipe 210 is provided with a flow channel regulating valve. When the hydrogen inside the processing module 200 reaches a certain pressure, the hydrogen will flow into the first branch pipe 211, and finally enter the hydrogen storage module 300 to complete the storage of high-pressure hydrogen. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the hydrogen storage module 300 is also connected to the air inlet pipe 131 of the above-mentioned hydrogen pipeline 130. This design not only realizes the effective storage of high-pressure hydrogen after liquid hydrogen is vaporized, but also can use the refrigeration mechanism in the system to cool the high-pressure hydrogen generated by vaporization, thereby forming a recycling system of liquid hydrogen vaporization and hydrogen refrigeration, which improves the overall efficiency and safety of the system.

[0033] The security module 400 includes a collection unit 410 disposed inside the hydrogen storage module 300, and the collection unit 410 is used to collect low-pressure hydrogen, which is stored separately from the high-pressure hydrogen transported to the inside of the hydrogen storage module 300 by the processing module 200. In this embodiment, the security module 400 also includes a venting unit 420 disposed on the hydrogen storage module 300, and the venting unit 420 is provided with a fire prevention unit 430 for controlling the hydrogen emission. The high-pressure hydrogen storage unit and the collection unit 410 in the hydrogen storage module 300 are connected to the venting unit 420 respectively. During use, the excess high-pressure gas inside the hydrogen storage module 300 and the low-pressure gas in the collection unit 410 can be safely discharged into the atmosphere via the venting unit 420. In addition, the low-pressure hydrogen in the collection unit 410 of this embodiment comes from the liquid hydrogen input pipeline 120. Specifically, the processing main pipe 210 is also provided with a second branch pipe 212 that is connected to the collection unit 410, and the liquid hydrogen input pipeline 120 is provided with a venting pipeline 120a that is connected to the second branch pipe 212. Further, considering the pipeline safety problem caused by the vaporization of liquid hydrogen inside the liquid hydrogen input pipeline 120, the liquid hydrogen input pipeline 120 is also provided with a pipeline detection unit 121, and the specific pipeline detection unit 121 includes a pipeline pressure detection unit 121a and a pipeline temperature detection unit 121b. During use, when the pipeline pressure detection unit 121a detects that the temperature in the pipeline reaches a threshold, the venting pipeline 120a is opened, and the vaporized liquid hydrogen inside the liquid hydrogen input pipeline 120 flows to the collection unit 410 through the venting pipeline 120a and the second branch pipe 212 in sequence. In addition, when the pipeline temperature detection unit 121b detects that the temperature of the liquid hydrogen input pipeline 120 reaches a threshold, the liquid hydrogen shut-off valve is opened to stop the liquid hydrogen from entering the liquid hydrogen containing unit 110. The precooling device of this embodiment further includes an impurity removal module 500. The impurity removal module 500 of this embodiment includes a purge pipeline connected to the air inlet pipeline 131 and the liquid hydrogen input pipeline 120 respectively, and a one-way valve is provided on the purge pipeline.

[0034] This embodiment discloses a method for using the precooling device of embodiment 1, which specifically includes the following steps: opening the impurity removal module 500, introducing nitrogen into the liquid hydrogen input pipeline 120 and the hydrogen pipeline 130 to remove the air in the pipeline; then, introducing hydrogen into the liquid hydrogen input pipeline 120 and the hydrogen pipeline 130 to remove the nitrogen in the pipeline; introducing liquid hydrogen into the liquid hydrogen containing unit 110 through the liquid hydrogen input pipeline 120, and simultaneously opening the flow switch of the hydrogen pipeline 130, so as to promote the heat exchange between the hydrogen inside the pipeline and the liquid hydrogen in the conversion module 100, so as to promote the vaporization of the liquid hydrogen. When the pressure value detected by the pipeline detection unit 121 reaches the threshold value, the venting pipeline 120a is opened, so as to promote the vaporized liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen input pipeline 120 to flow into the collection unit 410 from the venting pipe of the liquid hydrogen input pipeline 120.

[0035] Example 2

[0036] This embodiment discloses a precooling device for a liquid hydrogen refueling station, the precooling device comprising:

[0037] The conversion module 100 includes a liquid hydrogen containing unit 110, a liquid hydrogen input pipeline 120, and a hydrogen pipeline 130 partially disposed inside the liquid hydrogen containing unit 110. The liquid hydrogen input pipeline 120 is used to transport liquid hydrogen to the liquid hydrogen containing unit 110, and is provided with a liquid hydrogen shut-off valve and a liquid hydrogen flow regulating valve; the hydrogen pipeline 130 includes an intake pipeline 131 and an outlet pipeline 132 for filling hydrogen into a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle. In order to control the cooling effect of the conversion module 100, an intake detection unit 1311 is provided on the intake pipeline 131, and the intake detection unit 1311 includes an intake temperature detection unit 1311b for detecting the intake temperature, and further, the intake detection unit 1311 also includes an intake pressure detection unit 1311a for detecting the pressure of the intake. Correspondingly, the outlet pipe 132 in this embodiment includes an outlet detection unit 1321, and the outlet detection unit specifically includes an outlet pressure detection unit 1321a and an outlet temperature detection unit 1321b. When the precooling device of this embodiment is in use, since the surface of the hydrogen pipe 130 is in direct contact with the low-temperature liquid hydrogen inside the liquid hydrogen containing unit 110, in order to avoid the influence of the low temperature on the structure of this part of the pipe, this part of the hydrogen pipe 130 in this embodiment is a thickened pipe. This embodiment uses the temperature difference between hydrogen and liquid hydrogen to achieve the transformation of heat and even the phase of liquid hydrogen. Specifically, the heat of hydrogen itself will be absorbed by the liquid state, so the temperature of hydrogen is reduced, and the liquid hydrogen will vaporize to generate hydrogen.

[0038] The processing module 200 is connected to the liquid hydrogen containing unit 110 through a connecting pipe 600. Specifically, the connecting pipe 600 is also provided with a closed pipe detection unit 610, a switch unit 620 for controlling the opening or closing of the connecting pipe 600, and a safety regulating valve 630 arranged between the closed pipe detection unit 610 and the switch unit 620. The closed pipe detection unit 610 includes a pressure detection component 610a and a temperature detection component 610b. During the use of the precooling device of this embodiment, as the liquid hydrogen vaporized inside the liquid hydrogen containing unit 110 continues to increase, the hydrogen will flow along the connecting pipe 600 to the processing module 200. Since the temperature of this part of the hydrogen varies, the processing module 200 can reheat it to room temperature and perform high-pressure treatment on it to prepare for subsequent storage. In this embodiment, when the switch unit 620 is in a closed state, the safety regulating valve 630 will discharge hydrogen to the vent pipe based on the detection results of the closed pipeline detection unit 610 on the hydrogen pressure and temperature in the connecting pipeline 600, so as to avoid safety hazards caused by excessive hydrogen pressure in the pipeline.

[0039] The hydrogen storage module 300 is used to store the high-pressure hydrogen obtained by the high-pressure treatment of the processing module 200, and is connected to the processing module 200 through the processing main pipe 210. Specifically, the processing main pipe 210 is provided with a flow channel regulating valve. When the hydrogen inside the processing module 200 reaches a certain pressure, the hydrogen will flow into the first branch pipe 211, and finally enter the hydrogen storage module 300 to complete the storage of high-pressure hydrogen. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the hydrogen storage module 300 is also connected to the air inlet pipe 131 of the above-mentioned hydrogen pipeline 130. This design not only realizes the effective storage of high-pressure hydrogen after liquid hydrogen is vaporized, but also can use the refrigeration mechanism in the system to cool the high-pressure hydrogen generated by vaporization, thereby forming a recycling system of liquid hydrogen vaporization and hydrogen refrigeration, which improves the overall efficiency and safety of the system.

[0040] The security module 400 includes a collection unit 410 and a venting unit 420, and the venting unit 420 is provided with a fire prevention unit 430 for controlling the hydrogen emission. During use, the low-pressure gas in the collection unit 410 can be safely discharged into the atmosphere via the venting unit 420. In addition, the low-pressure hydrogen in the collection unit 410 of this embodiment comes from the liquid hydrogen input pipeline 120 and the processing module 200. Specifically, the processing main pipe 210 is also provided with a second branch pipe 212 connected to the collection unit 410, and the liquid hydrogen input pipeline 120 is provided with a venting pipeline 120a connected to the second branch pipe 212. Further, considering the pipeline safety problem caused by the vaporization of liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen input pipeline 120, the liquid hydrogen input pipeline 120 is also provided with a pipeline detection unit 121, and the specific pipeline detection unit 121 includes a pipeline pressure detection unit 121a and a pipeline temperature detection unit 121b. During use, when the pipeline pressure detection unit 121a detects that the temperature of the pipeline reaches a threshold value, the venting pipeline 120a is opened, and the vaporized liquid hydrogen inside the liquid hydrogen input pipeline 120 flows to the collecting unit 410 through the second branch pipe 212. In addition, a liquid nitrogen emergency shut-off valve is also provided on the liquid hydrogen input pipeline 120. When the pipeline temperature detection unit 121b detects that the temperature of the liquid hydrogen input pipeline 120 reaches a threshold value, the liquid nitrogen is stopped from being introduced into the liquid hydrogen containing unit 110. In addition, the precooling device of this embodiment further includes a de-impurity module 500, and the de-impurity module 500 includes a purge pipeline connected to the air intake pipeline 131 and the liquid hydrogen input pipeline 120, respectively, and a one-way valve is provided on the purge pipeline.

Claims

1. A precooling device for a liquid hydrogen refueling station, characterized in that: The invention comprises a conversion module (100), wherein the conversion module (100) comprises a liquid hydrogen containing unit (110), a liquid hydrogen input pipeline (120) connected to the liquid hydrogen containing unit (110), and a hydrogen pipeline (130) partially arranged inside the liquid hydrogen containing unit (110), wherein the outer wall of the hydrogen pipeline (130) is in direct contact with the liquid hydrogen inside the liquid hydrogen containing unit (110); the liquid hydrogen containing unit (110) is also connected to a processing module (200) for performing temperature and high pressure treatment on the liquid hydrogen vaporized in the liquid hydrogen containing unit (110); a connecting pipeline (600) for passing the vaporized liquid hydrogen is arranged between the liquid hydrogen containing unit (110) and the processing module (200); as the vaporized liquid hydrogen inside the liquid hydrogen containing unit (110) increases continuously, the vaporized liquid hydrogen will flow along the connecting pipeline (600) to the processing module (200) The processing module (200) is connected to a hydrogen storage module (300) for storing normal-temperature high-pressure hydrogen obtained by high-pressure heating treatment; the hydrogen pipeline (130) comprises an inlet pipeline (131) and an outlet pipeline (132); the inlet pipeline (131) is connected to the hydrogen storage module (300); the outlet pipeline (132) is used to fill hydrogen; the precooling device further comprises a security module (400); the security module (400) comprises a collection unit (410) for collecting low-pressure hydrogen, and a venting unit (420) connected to the collection unit (410) and used to discharge hydrogen into the air; the venting unit (420) is provided with a fire prevention unit (430) for controlling the amount of hydrogen discharged; the collection unit (410) is connected to the venting pipe of the liquid hydrogen input pipeline (120) and / or the processing module (200).

2. A precooling device for a liquid hydrogen refueling station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collecting unit (410) is designed to be built into the hydrogen storage module (300), and the hydrogen storage module (300) is connected to the venting unit (420).

3. A precooling device for a liquid hydrogen refueling station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet pipe (131) is provided with an air inlet detection unit (1311) for detecting the air pressure and / or temperature of the hydrogen gas therein; and the air outlet pipe (132) is provided with an air outlet detection unit (1321) for detecting the air pressure and / or temperature of the hydrogen gas therein.

4. A precooling device for a liquid hydrogen refueling station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The security module (400) further comprises a pipeline detection unit (121) arranged on the liquid hydrogen input pipeline (120) and used to detect the pressure and / or temperature inside the liquid hydrogen input pipeline (120).

5. A precooling device for a liquid hydrogen refueling station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The precooling device is also provided with an impurity removal module (500) connected to the hydrogen pipeline (130) and / or the liquid hydrogen input pipeline (120).

6. A precooling device for a liquid hydrogen refueling station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting pipe (600) between the liquid hydrogen containing unit (110) and the processing module (200) is also provided with a closed pipe detection unit (610) for detecting the gas pressure and / or temperature inside the liquid hydrogen containing unit (110), a switch unit (620) for controlling the opening or closing of the connecting pipe (600), and a safety regulating valve (630) provided between the closed pipe detection unit (610) and the switch unit (620).

7. A method for using a precooling device for a liquid hydrogen refueling station, based on a precooling device for a liquid hydrogen refueling station according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: liquid hydrogen is input into the liquid hydrogen containing unit (110) through a liquid hydrogen input pipeline (120), and a flow switch of a hydrogen pipeline (130) is simultaneously turned on, so that the hydrogen inside the pipeline and the liquid hydrogen are heat-exchanged in the conversion module (100), so that the liquid hydrogen is vaporized.

8. The method for using a precooling device for a liquid hydrogen refueling station according to claim 7, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: The impurity removal module (500) is turned on, and nitrogen is introduced into the liquid hydrogen input pipeline (120) and the hydrogen pipeline (130) to remove air in the pipelines; then, hydrogen is introduced into the liquid hydrogen input pipeline (120) and the hydrogen pipeline (130) to remove nitrogen in the pipelines.

9. The method for using a precooling device for a liquid hydrogen refueling station according to claim 7, characterized in that: The precooling device for a liquid hydrogen refueling station comprises a pipeline detection unit (121) arranged on the liquid hydrogen input pipeline (120) and used to detect the pressure inside the liquid hydrogen input pipeline. The method of use further comprises the following steps: when the pressure value detected by the pipeline detection unit (121) reaches a threshold value, opening the switch valve between the liquid hydrogen input pipeline (120) and the collection unit (410), thereby causing the vaporized liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen input pipeline (120) to flow into the collection unit (410).

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