A test device for freezing, swelling and thawing of thick ecological substrate

Abstract

The invention provides a thick layer ecological substrate freeze-thaw settlement test device, which belongs to the technical field of freeze-thaw settlement characteristic test, and comprises a soil pressing unit, a soil cutting unit, a freeze-thaw pipe, a soil placing unit and a spraying unit. The soil placing unit fills soil into the soil pressing unit, and then the soil pressing unit compacts the filled soil, and then the soil cutting unit cuts the compacted soil so that its cutting surface simulates the shape of a slope, and after the slope surface is rotated to be horizontal and upward, the spraying unit sprays the thick layer ecological substrate vertically downward on the slope surface, and then the slope is rotated to an initial position, and finally the freeze-thaw pipe performs a freeze-thaw settlement test on the thick layer ecological substrate after spraying.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of freeze-swelling and thawing-sinking characteristic tests, and in particular relates to a freeze-swelling and thawing-sinking test device for thick-layer ecological substrates. Background Art

[0002] At present, the commonly used method to repair damaged land slope vegetation is through ecological base material slope greening. This method is effective in repairing damaged slopes. However, after the ecological base material is sprayed in a frost environment, the ecological base material will experience freezing and thawing, which will affect the covering effect of the ecological base material.

[0003] The Chinese invention patent with publication number "CN112730136A" discloses "Indoor test system for freeze-thaw deformation of silt dam slope under freeze-thaw cycle". When conducting freeze-thaw test on the slope of silt dam, the invention first puts the original soil or reshaped soil into the test container, then applies load to it, calculates the freeze-thaw deformation after freezing and thawing operations, and finally unloads the test soil.

[0004] However, its disadvantage is that when it is necessary to test the slopes of different silt dams, the invention can only re-apply the load to change the slope of the dam. However, the size of the load-applying tool needs to be replaced accordingly as the slope changes. The actual operation is complicated and inefficient. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a thick layer ecological substrate freeze-thaw settlement test device to solve the problem of complex operation when testing different slope gradients in the prior art.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned and other related purposes, the present invention provides a thick layer ecological substrate freeze-thaw settlement test device, the device comprising:

[0007] A soil pressing unit, the soil pressing unit comprising an upper pressing plate, a lower pressing plate, a first baffle plate, a push plate, a first side plate and a second side plate, the upper pressing plate is located above the lower pressing plate, the first baffle plate and the push plate are both located between the first side plate and the second side plate, and a space for enclosing soil is formed between the upper pressing plate, the lower pressing plate, the first baffle plate, the push plate, the first side plate and the second side plate;

[0008] A soil cutting unit, the soil cutting unit comprising a first rotating column, a forward and reverse power source and a plurality of arc-shaped blades, the first rotating column being transversely arranged between a first side plate and a second side plate, a plurality of arc-shaped blades being fixedly connected to the first rotating column with equal arcs, a rotating end of the forward and reverse power source being fixedly connected to one end of the first rotating column, and the forward and reverse power source providing forward or reverse power to the first rotating column;

[0009] The arc-shaped blade cuts the soil out of the slope surface when the forward and reverse power source rotates forward, and the arc-shaped blade compacts the cut slope surface when the forward and reverse power source rotates reversely.

[0010] As an optional solution, the soil pressing unit further includes a first telescopic power source and a second telescopic power source;

[0011] The extended end of the first telescopic power source is vertically downward, and the extended end of the first telescopic power source is fixedly connected to the upper pressing plate, and the upper pressing plate compacts the soil under the extension and contraction of the first telescopic power source;

[0012] The extended end of the second telescopic power source is vertically upward, and the extended end of the second telescopic power source is fixedly connected to the lower pressing plate.

[0013] As an optional solution, the soil cutting unit further includes a third telescopic power source, a fourth telescopic power source, a lifting block and a mounting slot;

[0014] The third telescopic power source is vertically mounted on the first side plate, and the forward and reverse power source is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the third telescopic power source;

[0015] The fourth telescopic power source is vertically mounted on the second side plate, the lifting block is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the fourth telescopic power source, the lifting block is provided with a mounting groove, the other end of the first rotating column extends into the mounting groove and rotates in the mounting groove;

[0016] The device also includes an eighth telescopic power source and a twelfth telescopic power source, the extending end of the eighth telescopic power source is fixedly connected to the first side plate, the extending end of the twelfth telescopic power source is fixedly connected to the second side plate, the extending directions of the eighth telescopic power source and the twelfth telescopic power source are parallel and the same, the eighth telescopic power source and the twelfth telescopic power source are both horizontally arranged, and the telescopic directions of the eighth telescopic power source and the twelfth telescopic power source are both perpendicular to the rotation axis of the first rotating column.

[0017] As an optional solution, the device further comprises a soil releasing unit, and the soil releasing unit comprises a funnel head, a funnel tube, a torsion spring, a second rotating column and a stopper;

[0018] The upper opening of the funnel head is larger than the lower opening, the funnel head is located above the upper pressing plate, the lower end of the funnel head is fixedly connected to the upper end of the funnel tube, and the funnel tube is connected to the funnel head;

[0019] The upper pressure plate is provided with a through hole through the upper and lower end surfaces, the through hole is located below the funnel tube, the diameter of the through hole is consistent with the outer diameter of the funnel tube, the stopper is fixedly connected to one end of the second rotating column, the other end of the second rotating column is rotatably extended into the upper pressure plate, the rotation axis of the second rotating column is perpendicular to the center line of the through hole, the torsion spring is sleeved on the second rotating column, one end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the stopper, and the other end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the upper pressure plate, and the stopper blocks or opens the through hole under the action of the torsion spring.

[0020] As an optional solution, the device further includes a mounting seat and a second rotation power source;

[0021] The mounting seat is used to install the first baffle, the push plate, the first side plate, the second side plate and the lower pressure plate. The rotating end of the second rotating power source is rotatably connected to the side wall of the mounting seat, and the rotating axis of the second rotating power source is arranged parallel to the rotating axis of the first rotating column.

[0022] As an optional solution, the device further includes a ninth telescopic power source;

[0023] The ninth telescopic power source is vertically arranged, the protruding end of the ninth telescopic power source is fixedly connected to the first baffle, a placement groove is opened on the mounting seat, the first baffle extends into the placement groove under the action of the ninth telescopic power source, and the upper end surface of the first baffle is lower than the upper end surface of the lower pressure plate.

[0024] As an optional solution, the device further comprises a spraying unit, which comprises a loading box with a thick layer of ecological substrate, a spraying tube, a fifth telescopic power source, a mounting block, a sixth telescopic power source and a seventh telescopic power source;

[0025] The loading box is located above the first side plate and the second side plate, a fifth telescopic power source is fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the loading box, the telescopic direction of the fifth telescopic power source is arranged parallel to the rotation axis of the second rotary power source, one end of the spraying pipe extends into the loading box, and the other end of the spraying pipe extends out of the loading box and is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the fifth telescopic power source, and the spraying pipe sprays a thick layer of ecological substrate on the slope formed after soil cutting;

[0026] The sixth telescopic power source is horizontally arranged on the mounting block, the extended end of the sixth telescopic power source is fixedly connected to the loading box, the telescopic direction of the sixth telescopic power source is perpendicular to the telescopic direction of the fifth telescopic power source, and the loading box reciprocates under the telescopic movement of the sixth telescopic power source;

[0027] The seventh telescopic power source is vertically arranged, and the protruding end of the seventh telescopic power source is fixedly connected to the mounting block. The mounting block moves up and down under the action of the seventh telescopic power source.

[0028] As an optional solution, freeze-thaw tubes are provided in the upper pressure plate, the first side plate, the second side plate, the push plate and the lower pressure plate, and the freeze-thaw tubes freeze and melt the thick layer of ecological substrate sprayed on the soil.

[0029] As an optional solution, the device further includes a tenth telescopic power source and a collection tank;

[0030] The tenth telescopic power source is arranged horizontally, and the extended end of the tenth telescopic power source is fixedly connected to the push plate, and the telescopic direction of the tenth telescopic power source is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the first rotating column;

[0031] The collecting trough is arranged on the mounting seat, and is located on a side of the first baffle away from the lower pressure plate. The push plate pushes the soil into the collecting trough under the action of the tenth telescopic power source.

[0032] As an optional solution, the device further includes a second baffle and an eleventh telescopic power source;

[0033] The eleventh telescopic power source is horizontally fixed on the mounting seat, and the extended end of the eleventh telescopic power source is fixed to the second baffle, and the second baffle opens or closes the upper end opening of the collecting tank under the action of the eleventh telescopic power source.

[0034] As described above, the thick layer ecological substrate freeze-thaw sinking test device of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0035] 1. When the forward and reverse power source of the present invention rotates forward, the tip of the arc-shaped blade can cut the compacted soil into slopes of different slopes. When the forward and reverse power source rotates reversely, the back of the arc-shaped blade can compact the slope surface of the cut slope. The structural design is ingenious.

[0036] 2. In the process of placing the soil, the present invention can use the first telescopic power source to stretch up and down to shake the lower pressure plate to disperse the soil, so that the soil can be filled in various places on the lower pressure plate, thereby ensuring that there will be no local leakage in the subsequent compaction of the soil.

[0037] 3. The present invention can rotate the test slope surface to be horizontal and upward before spraying, thereby ensuring that the thick layer of ecological substrate sprayed by spraying has the same adhesion at all places on the slope surface. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 Shown is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 Shown is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure from another viewing angle of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3Shown is an exploded view of the present invention related to the lower pressure plate and the second telescopic power source;

[0041] Figure 4 Shown is an exploded view related to the soil cutting unit of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 Shown is a cross-sectional view of the push plate and freeze-thaw tube of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 6 Shown is an exploded view related to the soil placing unit of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 7 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of the fifth telescopic power source of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram showing the corresponding relationship between the soil cutting angle a and the length y of the cut upper end surface of the soil according to the present invention.

[0046] In the figure: 101, first baffle; 102, push plate; 103, first side plate; 104, ninth telescopic power source; 105, tenth telescopic power source; 106, second side plate;

[0047] 201, upper pressing plate; 202, lower pressing plate; 203, first telescopic power source; 204, second telescopic power source;

[0048] 301, first rotating column; 302, arc-shaped blade; 303, third telescopic power source; 304, forward and reverse power source; 305, fourth telescopic power source; 306, lifting block; 307, mounting slot; 308, eighth telescopic power source; 309, twelfth telescopic power source;

[0049] 401, freeze-thaw pipe; 402, freezer; 403, thaw machine;

[0050] 501, funnel head; 502, funnel tube; 503, torsion spring; 504, second rotating column; 505, first mounting plate; 506, stopper; 507, through hole;

[0051] 601, mounting seat; 602, second rotating power source; 603, placement slot; 604, collection slot; 605, third rotating column; 606, second mounting plate;

[0052] 701, loading box; 702, spraying tube; 703, fifth telescopic power source; 704, mounting block; 705, sixth telescopic power source; 706, seventh telescopic power source;

[0053] 801, the second baffle; 802, the eleventh telescopic power source. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The following is a description of the implementation of the present invention by means of specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification.

[0055] See also Figures 1 to 8 . It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification for people familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the limiting conditions for the implementation of the present invention, so they have no substantial technical significance. Any modification of the structure, change in the proportional relationship, or adjustment of the size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the present invention without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present invention. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" quoted in this specification are only for the convenience of description, and are not used to limit the scope of the implementation of the present invention. Changes or adjustments in their relative relationships should also be regarded as the scope of the implementation of the present invention without substantially changing the technical content.

[0056] The following embodiments are only for illustration purposes and can be combined with each other, and are not limited to the contents presented in the following single embodiments.

[0057] Please refer to 1. Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The present invention provides a thick layer ecological substrate freeze-thaw sinking test device, the device comprising:

[0058] A soil pressing unit, the soil pressing unit comprising an upper pressing plate 201, a lower pressing plate 202, a first baffle plate 101, a push plate 102, a first side plate 103 and a second side plate 106, the upper pressing plate 201 is located above the lower pressing plate 202, the first baffle plate 101 and the push plate 102 are both located between the first side plate 103 and the second side plate 106, and a space enclosing soil is formed between the upper pressing plate 201, the lower pressing plate 202, the first baffle plate 101, the push plate 102, the first side plate 103 and the second side plate 106;

[0059] A soil cutting unit, the soil cutting unit comprises a first rotating column 301, a forward and reverse power source 304 and a plurality of arc-shaped blades 302, the first rotating column 301 is transversely arranged between the first side plate 103 and the second side plate 106, the plurality of arc-shaped blades 302 are fixedly connected to the first rotating column 301 with equal arcs, the rotating end of the forward and reverse power source 304 is fixedly connected to one end of the first rotating column 301, and the forward and reverse power source 304 provides forward or reverse power to the first rotating column 301;

[0060] The arc-shaped blade 302 cuts the soil into a slope surface when the forward and reverse power source 304 rotates forward, and the arc-shaped blade 302 compacts the cut slope surface when the forward and reverse power source 304 rotates reverse.

[0061] In this embodiment, when starting work, firstly, a certain amount of soil is placed in a closed soil space formed by the upper pressing plate 201, the lower pressing plate 202, the first baffle 101, the push plate 102, the first side plate 103 and the second side plate 106, and then the soil pressing unit compacts the poured soil through the cooperation of the upper pressing plate 201 and the lower pressing plate 202, and after compaction, the soil cutting unit cuts the soil through the arc blade 302, so that its cutting surface simulates the shape of a slope. The present invention can conduct multiple tests on a soil body through the cutting of the arc blade 302 to obtain the test results of frost heave and thaw settlement of different slopes, saving resources while reducing the time required for the test, and the structural design is ingenious.

[0062] See 1 and Figure 3 , the soil pressing unit also includes a first telescopic power source 203 and a second telescopic power source 204;

[0063] The first telescopic power source 203 and the second telescopic power source 204 are not limited here, and their function is to provide telescopic power, and they can be a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, a ball screw, etc.;

[0064] The extended end of the first telescopic power source 203 is vertically downward, and the extended end of the first telescopic power source 203 is fixedly connected to the upper pressing plate 201, and the upper pressing plate 201 compacts the soil under the extension and contraction of the first telescopic power source 203;

[0065] The extended end of the second telescopic power source 204 is vertically upward, and the extended end of the second telescopic power source 204 is fixedly connected to the lower pressing plate 202 .

[0066] In this embodiment, after a part of soil is put into the closed soil space formed between the upper pressing plate 201, the lower pressing plate 202, the first baffle 101, the push plate 102, the first side plate 103 and the second side plate 106, the lower pressing plate 202 disperses the put-in part of soil on the lower pressing plate 202 under the extension of the second telescopic power source 204, and then continues to put in soil, repeating the above operation, when the closed soil space formed between the upper pressing plate 201, the lower pressing plate 202, the first baffle 101, the push plate 102, the first side plate 103 and the second side plate 106 is filled with soil, the second telescopic power source 204 cooperates with the first telescopic power source 203 to make the upper pressing plate 201 and the lower pressing plate 202 move relative to each other, thereby compacting the soil. The lower pressing plate 202 of the present invention can automatically disperse the soil through the first telescopic power source 203 during the process of putting in the soil, so that the soil can be filled in various places on the lower pressing plate 202, thereby ensuring that there will be no local leakage in the subsequent compaction of the soil.

[0067] Please refer to 1. Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the soil cutting unit also includes a third telescopic power source 303, a fourth telescopic power source 305, a lifting block 306 and a mounting slot 307;

[0068] The third telescopic power source 303 and the fourth telescopic power source 305 are not limited here, and their function is to provide telescopic power, and they can be a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, a ball screw, etc.;

[0069] The function of the forward and reverse power source 304 here is to provide power for forward or reverse rotation;

[0070] The third telescopic power source 303 is vertically fixed to the first side plate 103, and the forward and reverse power source 304 is fixed to the telescopic end of the third telescopic power source 303;

[0071] The fourth telescopic power source 305 is vertically fixed on the second side plate 106, the lifting block 306 is fixed to the telescopic end of the fourth telescopic power source 305, and a mounting groove 307 is provided on the lifting block 306. The other end of the first rotating column 301 extends into the mounting groove 307 and rotates in the mounting groove 307;

[0072] The device also includes an eighth telescopic power source 308 and a twelfth telescopic power source 309, which are not limited here. Their function is to provide telescopic power, and they can be a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, a ball screw, etc.;

[0073] The extending end of the eighth telescopic power source 308 is fixedly connected to the first side plate 103, and the extending end of the twelfth telescopic power source 309 is fixedly connected to the second side plate 106. The extending directions of the eighth telescopic power source 308 and the twelfth telescopic power source 309 are parallel and the same. The eighth telescopic power source 308 and the twelfth telescopic power source 309 are both horizontally arranged, and the telescopic directions of the eighth telescopic power source 308 and the twelfth telescopic power source 309 are both perpendicular to the rotation axis of the first rotating column 301.

[0074] In this embodiment, when it is necessary to cut the slope of the soil, first, the eighth telescopic power source 308 and the twelfth telescopic power source 309 push the first side plate 103 and the second side plate 106 at the same speed and direction so that the first rotating column 301 is located at the starting position of the cutting, and then the eighth telescopic power source 308 and the twelfth telescopic power source 309 continue to push the first side plate 103 and the second side plate 106 at the same speed and direction at the same time, and at the same time, the third telescopic power source 303 and the fourth telescopic power source 305 slide the first rotating column 301 and the arc-shaped blade 302 downward at the same speed, and the forward and reverse power source 304 rotates forward during the sliding, so that the arc-shaped blade 302 is The blade 302 rotates around the first rotating column 301, so that the soil is cut into the slope by the tip of the arc-shaped blade 302. When cutting slopes with different slopes, it is only necessary to adjust the starting position of the cutting and the telescopic speeds of the eighth telescopic power source 308 and the twelfth telescopic power source 309. When resetting is required after the cutting is completed, the eighth telescopic power source 308, the twelfth telescopic power source 309, the third telescopic power source 303 and the fourth telescopic power source 305 are all telescoped in the opposite direction of the route of cutting the slope, and the forward and reverse power source 304 is reversed, and the back of the arc-shaped blade 302 is used to compact the slope formed after cutting to make its surface smooth.

[0075] See also Figure 8 In the figure, a is the cutting angle of the soil, and the value of a should be greater than or equal to 0° and less than 90°. x is the height of the soil, and y is the length of the cut upper end surface of the soil. For example, when a 30-degree slope needs to be cut for a compacted soil with a height of 100 cm, a is set to 30 and x is 100 cm. According to the trigonometric formula tan a = y / x, because the soil height x is fixed at 100 cm, the length y of the cut upper end surface of the soil will only change with the change of the cutting angle a. At this time, the value of y is 100 multiplied by tan 30°, in centimeters. When the cutting angle needs to be increased, only the angle value of a needs to be set, and the length y of the cut upper end surface of the soil will be set, that is, the arc blade can be controlled to cut the soil into slopes of different slopes within the set angle area.

[0076] The present invention can cut the compacted soil into slopes with different slopes by the blade tip on the arc-shaped blade 302, and after cutting, the blade back on the arc-shaped blade 302 can be used to compact the slope surface of the cut slope, and the structural design is ingenious.

[0077] See 1 and Figure 6 The device further comprises a soil releasing unit, which comprises a funnel head 501, a funnel tube 502, a torsion spring 503, a second rotating column 504, a first mounting plate 505 and a stopper 506;

[0078] The upper opening of the funnel head 501 is larger than the lower opening. The funnel head 501 is located above the upper pressing plate 201. The lower end of the funnel head 501 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the funnel tube 502. The funnel tube 502 is connected to the funnel head 501.

[0079] The fixed end of the first telescopic power source 203 and the outer side wall of the funnel head 501 are both fixedly connected to the first mounting plate 505;

[0080] The upper pressure plate 201 is provided with a through hole 507 through the upper and lower end surfaces, the through hole 507 is located below the funnel tube 502, the diameter of the through hole 507 is consistent with the outer diameter of the funnel tube 502, the stopper 506 is fixedly connected to one end of the second rotating column 504, the other end of the second rotating column 504 rotates and extends into the upper pressure plate 201, the rotation axis of the second rotating column 504 is perpendicular to the center line of the through hole 507, the torsion spring 503 is sleeved on the second rotating column 504, one end of the torsion spring 503 is fixedly connected to the stopper 506, and the other end of the torsion spring 503 is fixedly connected to the upper pressure plate 201, and the stopper 506 rotates on the lower side of the upper pressure plate 201 under the action of the torsion spring 503 to block or open the through hole 507.

[0081] In this embodiment, when adding soil to the closed soil space formed between the upper pressing plate 201, the lower pressing plate 202, the first baffle plate 101, the push plate 102, the first side plate 103 and the second side plate 106, the upper pressing plate 201 first moves upward under the action of the first telescopic power source 203, so that the through hole 507 on the upper pressing plate 201 surrounds the outer wall of the funnel tube 502. During the continuous upward movement of the upper pressing plate 201, the bottom of the funnel tube 502 contacts the upper end surface of the stopper 506, and then pushes the stopper 506 to rotate with the rotation axis of the second rotating column 504 as the center. When rotating, the torsion spring 503 is compressed until the funnel tube 502 extends out of the lower end surface of the upper baffle plate, and then the soil is poured into the funnel head 501. The soil enters the funnel tube 502 after passing through the funnel head 501, and finally enters the closed space formed between the lower pressing plate 202, the first baffle plate 101, the push plate 102, the first side plate 103 and the second side plate 106 from the funnel tube 502. After the soil is poured in, the first telescopic power source 203 moves down, the funnel tube 502 moves out of the upper pressing plate 201, and the torsion spring 503 is reset to the initial state, so that the block 506 blocks the through hole 507 again. When the present invention needs to pour soil, the through hole 507 of the upper pressing plate 201 can be automatically opened to pour the soil. After the pouring is completed, the through hole 507 of the upper pressing plate 201 can be automatically closed to facilitate the subsequent soil pressing work of the upper pressing plate 201.

[0082] Please refer to 1. Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the device also includes a mounting seat 601, a third rotating column 605 and a second rotating power source 602;

[0083] The mounting seat 601 is used to mount the first baffle 101, the push plate 102, the first side plate 103, the second side plate 106 and the lower pressure plate 202, and the fixed ends of the second telescopic power source 204, the eighth telescopic power source 308 and the twelfth telescopic power source 309 are all fixedly connected to the mounting seat 601;

[0084] The second rotation power source 602 is not limited here, and its function is to provide rotation power, and it can be an AC motor, a stepping motor, etc.;

[0085] The rotating end of the second rotating power source 602 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the mounting seat 601, and the rotating axis of the second rotating power source 602 is arranged parallel to the rotating axis of the first rotating column 301;

[0086] The third rotating column 605 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the mounting base 601 on the side opposite to the second rotating power source 602, and the rotating axis of the third rotating column 605 is arranged to coincide with the rotating axis of the second rotating power source 602;

[0087] The device also includes a second mounting plate 606, which is located on both sides of the mounting seat. The fixed end of the second rotating power source 602 is fixedly connected to the second mounting plate 606 on one side, and the third rotating column 605 can be rotatably extended into the second mounting plate 606 on the other side.

[0088] In this embodiment, after the compacted soil is cut into a slope of corresponding angle, the first telescopic power source 203 retracts to drive the upper pressure plate 201 to move upward, and the second rotary power source 602 rotates the mounting seat 601, so that the mounting seat 601 drives the slope cut into corresponding angles and the first baffle 101, push plate 102, first side plate 103, second side plate 106 and lower pressure plate 202 that define the slope to rotate together until the slope surface is facing upward and parallel to the horizontal plane, waiting for subsequent spraying operations. The present invention can rotate the slope surface of the test slope to a horizontal upward setting before spraying, thereby ensuring that the thick layer of ecological substrate is adhered to each part of the slope surface during spraying.

[0089] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the device also includes a ninth telescopic power source 104;

[0090] The ninth telescopic power source 104 is not limited here, and its function is to provide telescopic power, and can be a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, a ball screw, etc.;

[0091] The ninth telescopic power source 104 is vertically arranged, and the protruding end of the ninth telescopic power source 104 is fixedly connected to the first baffle 101. A placement groove 603 is opened on the mounting seat 601. The first baffle 101 extends into the placement groove 603 under the action of the ninth telescopic power source 104, and the upper end surface of the first baffle 101 is lower than the upper end surface of the lower pressure plate 202.

[0092] In this embodiment, before the slope surface of the side slope cut into a corresponding angle rotates to a horizontal upward setting, the ninth telescopic power source 104 moves the first baffle 101 into the placement groove 603, and then rotates. In the present invention, when the slope surface of the side slope cut into a corresponding angle rotates to a horizontal upward setting, the first baffle 101 will partially block the slope surface, so before the slope surface rotates to a horizontal upward setting, the first baffle 101 is retracted so that it no longer blocks the upper part of the slope surface, which facilitates the smooth progress of subsequent spraying work.

[0093] Please refer to 1. Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 7 The device also includes a spraying unit, which includes a loading box 701 containing a thick layer of ecological substrate, a spraying tube 702, a fifth telescopic power source 703, a mounting block 704, a sixth telescopic power source 705 and a seventh telescopic power source 706;

[0094] The fifth telescopic power source 703, the sixth telescopic power source 705 and the seventh telescopic power source 706 are not limited here, and their function is to provide telescopic power, and they can be cylinders, hydraulic cylinders, ball screws, etc.;

[0095] The first mounting plate 505 is fixedly connected to the loading box 701, and the loading box 701 is located above the first side plate 103 and the second side plate 106. The lower end surface of the loading box 701 is fixedly connected to the fifth telescopic power source 703, and the telescopic direction of the fifth telescopic power source 703 is arranged parallel to the rotation axis of the second rotary power source 602. One end of the spraying pipe 702 extends into the loading box 701, and the other end of the spraying pipe 702 extends out of the loading box 701 and is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the fifth telescopic power source 703. The spraying pipe 702 sprays a thick layer of ecological substrate on the slope formed after soil cutting.

[0096] The sixth telescopic power source 705 is horizontally arranged on the mounting block 704, the extended end of the sixth telescopic power source 705 is fixedly connected to the loading box 701, the telescopic direction of the sixth telescopic power source 705 is perpendicular to the telescopic direction of the fifth telescopic power source 703, and the loading box 701 and the first mounting plate 505 reciprocate under the telescopic movement of the sixth telescopic power source 705;

[0097] The seventh telescopic power source 706 is vertically arranged, the fixed end of the seventh telescopic power source 706 is fixedly connected to the second mounting plate 606, the protruding end of the seventh telescopic power source 706 is fixedly connected to the mounting block 704, and the mounting block 704 moves up and down under the action of the seventh telescopic power source 706.

[0098] In this embodiment, when the slope surface cut into a corresponding angle is rotated to a horizontal upward setting, the seventh telescopic power source 706 telescopes to move the spraying tube 702 to a height close to the slope surface, and the sixth telescopic power source 705 telescopes to move the spraying tube 702 to the top of the slope surface, and then the fifth telescopic power source 703 telescopes to cooperate with the sixth telescopic power source 705 to spray the entire slope surface. In the present invention, when the slopes of different slopes are rotated to a horizontal upward setting, the spraying distance will be different due to the different heights, but the setting of the seventh telescopic power source 706 can adjust the spraying height to be consistent, so that the spraying quality of the slopes of different slopes is consistent during spraying, thereby ensuring that the slopes of different slopes have the same effect after spraying a thick layer of ecological substrate.

[0099] Please refer to 1. Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5The upper platen 201, the first side plate 103, the second side plate 106, the push plate 102 and the lower platen 202 are all provided with freeze-thaw tubes 401, freezers 402 and melters 403. The freeze-thaw tubes 401 are connected to the freezers 402 and melters 403 respectively. The freezers 402 transport freezing liquid to the freeze-thaw tubes 401, and the melters 403 transport melting liquid to the freeze-thaw tubes 401. The freeze-thaw tubes 401 freeze and melt the thick layer of ecological substrate sprayed on the soil through the freezing liquid and the melting liquid.

[0100] In this embodiment, when a freeze-thaw test is required, the freezing liquid is frozen to minus twenty degrees Celsius by the freezer 402, injected into the freeze-thaw tube 401, and after the thick layer of ecological substrate is frozen for a certain period of time, the freezing liquid is discharged, the freezer 402 is turned off, and then the thaw liquid is melted to above twenty degrees Celsius by the thaw machine 403, injected into the freeze-thaw tube 401, and the thick layer of ecological substrate is thawed for a certain period of time. After all the thaws are melted, the thaw liquid is discharged, the thaw machine 403 is turned off, and the changes in the thick layer of ecological substrate after freezing and thawing compared to before freezing and thawing are observed and recorded. The present invention can realize the freeze-thaw test of the thick layer of ecological substrate through the setting of the freeze-thaw tube 401, which is simple to operate and has strong practicality.

[0101] Please refer to 1. Figure 2 , Figure 3 Figure 4 , the device also includes a tenth telescopic power source 105 and a collection tank 604;

[0102] The tenth telescopic power source 105 is not limited here, and its function is to provide telescopic power, and can be a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, a ball screw, etc.;

[0103] The tenth telescopic power source 105 is horizontally arranged on the mounting seat 601, and the extended end of the tenth telescopic power source 105 is fixedly connected to the push plate 102, and the telescopic direction of the tenth telescopic power source 105 is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the first rotating column 301;

[0104] The collecting groove 604 is opened on the mounting seat 601 , and the collecting groove 604 is located on the side of the first baffle 101 away from the lower pressure plate 202 . The pushing plate 102 pushes the soil into the collecting groove 604 under the action of the tenth telescopic power source 105 .

[0105] In this embodiment, when the arc blade 302 cuts the compacted soil, the ninth telescopic power source 104 moves the first baffle 101 into the placement groove 603, and then the eighth telescopic power source 308 and the twelfth telescopic power source 309 push the first side plate 103 and the second side plate 106 to move toward the collecting groove 604 at the same time. In the process of the arc blade 302 rotating and cutting the soil to form a slope at one end close to the collecting groove 604, the arc blade 302 first digs the cut soil into the arc blade 302, and then passes through The combined effect of centrifugal force and gravity throws the excavated soil into the collection trough 604; when the remaining soil needs to be pushed into the placement trough 603 after the test, the ninth telescopic power source 104 moves the first baffle 101 into the placement trough 603, and the second telescopic power source 204 moves the lower pressure plate 202 to the same height as the lower end surface of the push plate 102, and then the tenth telescopic power source 105 pushes the push plate 102 toward the collection trough 604, thereby pushing all the soil into the collection trough 604. The collection trough 604 of the present invention can not only collect the cut soil when cutting the slope, but also push the remaining soil into the collection trough 604 at one time through the push plate 102 after the test, and the structural design is simple and highly coordinated.

[0106] Please refer to Figure 2 , the device also includes a second baffle 801 and an eleventh telescopic power source 802;

[0107] The eleventh telescopic power source 802 is not limited here, and its function is to provide telescopic power, and can be a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, a ball screw, etc.;

[0108] The eleventh telescopic power source 802 is horizontally fixed on the mounting seat 601 , and the protruding end of the eleventh telescopic power source 802 is fixed to the second baffle 801 , and the second baffle 801 opens or closes the upper end opening of the collecting tank 604 under the action of the eleventh telescopic power source 802 .

[0109] In this embodiment, when the soil is pushed into the collection tank 604 after the slope is cut and the test is finished, the eleventh telescopic power source 802 pushes the second baffle 801 so that the second baffle 801 opens the upper end opening of the collection tank 604, thereby collecting the soil. When the collection tank 604 and the mounting seat 601 rotate together and during the spraying process, the eleventh telescopic power source 802 pushes the second baffle 801 so that the second baffle 801 closes the upper end opening of the collection tank 604. The present invention can control the opening and closing of the collection tank 604 so that the soil in the collection tank 604 will not fall out when the collection tank 604 rotates, and the structural design is ingenious and the front and rear coordination is high.

[0110] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with the art may modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by a person of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed by the present invention shall still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A thick layer ecological substrate freeze-thaw sinking test device, characterized in that: The device comprises: A soil pressing unit, the soil pressing unit comprising an upper pressing plate, a lower pressing plate, a first baffle plate, a push plate, a first side plate and a second side plate, the upper pressing plate is located above the lower pressing plate, the first baffle plate and the push plate are both located between the first side plate and the second side plate, and a space for enclosing soil is formed between the upper pressing plate, the lower pressing plate, the first baffle plate, the push plate, the first side plate and the second side plate; A soil cutting unit, the soil cutting unit comprising a first rotating column, a forward and reverse power source and a plurality of arc-shaped blades, the first rotating column being transversely arranged between a first side plate and a second side plate, a plurality of arc-shaped blades being fixedly connected to the first rotating column with equal arcs, a rotating end of the forward and reverse power source being fixedly connected to one end of the first rotating column, and the forward and reverse power source providing forward or reverse power to the first rotating column; The arc-shaped blade cuts the soil out of the slope surface when the forward and reverse power source rotates forward, and the arc-shaped blade compacts the cut slope surface when the forward and reverse power source rotates reversely; The soil cutting unit also includes a third telescopic power source, a fourth telescopic power source, a lifting block and a mounting slot; The third telescopic power source is vertically mounted on the first side plate, and the forward and reverse power source is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the third telescopic power source; The fourth telescopic power source is vertically mounted on the second side plate, the lifting block is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the fourth telescopic power source, the lifting block is provided with a mounting groove, the other end of the first rotating column extends into the mounting groove and rotates in the mounting groove; The device also includes an eighth telescopic power source and a twelfth telescopic power source, the extending end of the eighth telescopic power source is fixedly connected to the first side plate, the extending end of the twelfth telescopic power source is fixedly connected to the second side plate, the extending directions of the eighth telescopic power source and the twelfth telescopic power source are parallel and the same, the eighth telescopic power source and the twelfth telescopic power source are both horizontally arranged, and the telescopic directions of the eighth telescopic power source and the twelfth telescopic power source are both perpendicular to the rotation axis of the first rotating column.

2. A thick layer ecological substrate freeze expansion and thaw settlement test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil pressing unit also includes a first telescopic power source and a second telescopic power source; The extended end of the first telescopic power source is vertically downward, and the extended end of the first telescopic power source is fixedly connected to the upper pressing plate, and the upper pressing plate compacts the soil under the extension and contraction of the first telescopic power source; The extended end of the second telescopic power source is vertically upward, and the extended end of the second telescopic power source is fixedly connected to the lower pressing plate.

3. A thick layer ecological substrate freeze expansion and thaw settlement test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device also includes a soil releasing unit, which includes a funnel head, a funnel tube, a torsion spring, a second rotating column and a stopper; The upper opening of the funnel head is larger than the lower opening, the funnel head is located above the upper pressing plate, the lower end of the funnel head is fixedly connected to the upper end of the funnel tube, and the funnel tube is connected to the funnel head; The upper pressure plate is provided with a through hole through the upper and lower end surfaces, the through hole is located below the funnel tube, the diameter of the through hole is consistent with the outer diameter of the funnel tube, the stopper is fixedly connected to one end of the second rotating column, the other end of the second rotating column is rotatably extended into the upper pressure plate, the rotation axis of the second rotating column is perpendicular to the center line of the through hole, the torsion spring is sleeved on the second rotating column, one end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the stopper, and the other end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the upper pressure plate, and the stopper blocks or opens the through hole under the action of the torsion spring.

4. A thick layer ecological substrate freeze-swelling and thawing test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device also includes a mounting seat and a second rotation power source; The mounting seat is used to install the first baffle, the push plate, the first side plate, the second side plate and the lower pressure plate. The rotating end of the second rotating power source is rotatably connected to the side wall of the mounting seat, and the rotating axis of the second rotating power source is arranged parallel to the rotating axis of the first rotating column.

5. A thick layer ecological substrate freeze expansion and thaw sinking test device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The device also includes a ninth telescopic power source; The ninth telescopic power source is vertically arranged, the protruding end of the ninth telescopic power source is fixedly connected to the first baffle, a placement groove is opened on the mounting seat, the first baffle extends into the placement groove under the action of the ninth telescopic power source, and the upper end surface of the first baffle is lower than the upper end surface of the lower pressure plate.

6. A thick layer ecological substrate freeze expansion and thaw settlement test device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The device also includes a spraying unit, which includes a loading box with a thick layer of ecological substrate, a spraying tube, a fifth telescopic power source, a mounting block, a sixth telescopic power source and a seventh telescopic power source; The loading box is located above the first side plate and the second side plate, a fifth telescopic power source is fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the loading box, the telescopic direction of the fifth telescopic power source is arranged parallel to the rotation axis of the second rotary power source, one end of the spraying pipe extends into the loading box, and the other end of the spraying pipe extends out of the loading box and is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the fifth telescopic power source, and the spraying pipe sprays a thick layer of ecological substrate on the slope formed after soil cutting; The sixth telescopic power source is horizontally arranged on the mounting block, the extended end of the sixth telescopic power source is fixedly connected to the loading box, the telescopic direction of the sixth telescopic power source is perpendicular to the telescopic direction of the fifth telescopic power source, and the loading box reciprocates under the telescopic movement of the sixth telescopic power source; The seventh telescopic power source is vertically arranged, and the protruding end of the seventh telescopic power source is fixedly connected to the mounting block. The mounting block moves up and down under the action of the seventh telescopic power source.

7. A thick layer ecological substrate freeze expansion and thaw settlement test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper pressing plate, the first side plate, the second side plate, the push plate and the lower pressing plate are all provided with freeze-thaw pipes, and the freeze-thaw pipes are used to freeze and melt the thick layer of ecological substrate sprayed on the soil.

8. A thick layer ecological substrate freeze expansion and thaw settlement test device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The device also includes a tenth telescopic power source and a collection tank; The tenth telescopic power source is arranged horizontally, and the extended end of the tenth telescopic power source is fixedly connected to the push plate, and the telescopic direction of the tenth telescopic power source is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the first rotating column; The collecting trough is arranged on the mounting seat, and is located on a side of the first baffle away from the lower pressure plate. The push plate pushes the soil into the collecting trough under the action of the tenth telescopic power source.

9. A thick layer ecological substrate freeze expansion and thaw settlement test device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The device also includes a second baffle and an eleventh telescopic power source; the eleventh telescopic power source is horizontally fixed on the mounting seat, the protruding end of the eleventh telescopic power source is fixed to the second baffle, and the second baffle opens or closes the upper end opening of the collection tank under the action of the eleventh telescopic power source.

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