A transformer with a protection mechanism and a method of using the same

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of transformers, and in particular to a transformer with a protective mechanism and a method for using the same. In view of the problem that the heat dissipation of the transformer in the prior art can only be done by air cooling from the outside, resulting in poor heat dissipation effect and waste of energy, the following scheme is proposed, including a winding structure and an oil tank structure that is an overall rectangular box structure with an opening upward, the oil tank structure includes an oil tank bottom shell that is an overall U-shaped plate structure with an opening upward, a power oil pillow is arranged on the side of the oil tank bottom shell near the bottom end, and vertical and mutually parallel end guard plates are reserved at both ends of the oil tank bottom shell, and arc-shaped notches are opened on the front and rear sides of the two end arc plates, and two mutually symmetrical arc-shaped sealing plates are fixed between the four arc-shaped notches. The present invention can slowly discharge the hot oil that overflows from the inside from the top in hot seasons, and spread it on all the heat dissipation plates in turn, increasing the contact area with the external air and greatly improving the heat dissipation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of transformers, and in particular to a transformer with a protection mechanism and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Oil-immersed transformer is one of the important equipment in the power supply and distribution system of industrial and mining enterprises and civil buildings. Oil-immersed transformer adopts a fully oil-filled sealed type. The corrugated oil tank shell adapts to the expansion of oil with its own elasticity and is a permanently sealed oil tank. Oil-immersed transformer has been widely used in various power distribution equipment.

[0003] As we all know, the cooling oil in the oil-immersed transformer is the top priority in the protection mechanism. How to maintain the oil level and oil temperature of the cooling oil is the key to protecting the normal operation of the transformer winding mechanism. Therefore, dynamic monitoring of the cooling oil has become an unavoidable topic in the design of the transformer. The cooling of the cooling oil in the traditional transformer design is usually set with complex fins on the side of the oil tank, or accompanied by passive heat dissipation of the cooling fan or accelerating the circulation of the cooling oil. This method can only start from the high temperature transmitted from the cooling oil to the outside world, and the heat dissipation effect is not obvious. Therefore, we propose a new transformer protection mechanism that can directly dissipate heat for high-temperature cooling oil. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the technical problem that the heat dissipation of the transformer in the prior art can only be done by air cooling from the outside, resulting in poor heat dissipation effect and waste of energy, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A transformer with a protective mechanism comprises a winding structure and an oil tank structure which is an overall rectangular box structure with an opening upward, the oil tank structure comprises an oil tank bottom shell which is an overall U-shaped plate structure with an opening upward, a power oil pillow is arranged on the side of the oil tank bottom shell near the bottom end, vertical and mutually parallel end guard plates are reserved at both ends of the oil tank bottom shell, and arc-shaped notches are opened on the front and rear sides of the two end arc plates, two mutually symmetrical arc-shaped sealing plates are fixed between the four arc-shaped notches, and the concave surfaces of the two arc-shaped sealing plates are opposite, and a heat dissipation arc plate whose opening is opposite to the arc-shaped sealing plate is fixed at the opening of the arc-shaped sealing plate, and The heat dissipation arc plate is provided with a plurality of slots distributed at equal distances, the extension direction of the slots is parallel to the axis of the heat dissipation arc plate, and a heat dissipation plate is inserted in each slot; the heat dissipation plate is arranged in a bucket shape with an opening upward near the inner arc side of the heat dissipation arc plate, and the bucket becomes wider and wider from top to bottom, so that the cooling oil overflowing from the top can automatically flow to the top of the next adjacent heat dissipation plate, and a thermal solenoid valve connecting the inside and outside of the oil tank structure is inserted in the middle of the arc-shaped sealing plate near the top heat dissipation plate; and an oil drain pipe is inserted in the surface of the heat dissipation arc plate near the lowest heat dissipation plate, and a return pipe is connected between the bottom end of the oil drain pipe and the power oil pillow.

[0006] Preferably, the winding structure also includes a hanging cover clamped on the top of the oil tank bottom shell, and the iron core and the winding system are fixed on the lower surface of the hanging cover; support bases are fixed on the lower surface of the oil tank bottom shell near the four corners, under the action of the support base.

[0007] Preferably, a rectangular connecting hole is opened near the bottom of one end of the oil tank bottom shell close to the power oil pillow, and an oil replenishing pump mechanism is arranged between the rectangular connecting hole and the power oil pillow; an oil level alarm mechanism is arranged at one end of the oil tank bottom shell away from the power oil pillow, and the oil replenishing pump mechanism can start to compensate the cooling oil inside the oil tank structure when it receives the signal from the oil level alarm mechanism.

[0008] Preferably, both ends of the heat dissipation arc plate and the arc-shaped sealing plate form pipe openings of a shuttle-shaped structure, and filter screens are fixed at the four pipe openings, and heat dissipation fans are arranged at two of the pipe openings.

[0009] Preferably, a filtering system is provided inside the power oil pillow, and a primary filter cloth is provided at the top of the oil drain pipe, and a leakage gap is opened in the middle of one end of the heat dissipation plate close to the arc-shaped sealing plate; this can ensure that the cooling oil overflows from the middle to reduce unnecessary losses, and can perform primary filtration on the cooling oil after heat dissipation to ensure that the cooling oil circulated in the oil tank bottom shell is clean and pure.

[0010] Preferably, an insertion interface is provided on the end guard plate of the oil tank bottom shell away from the power oil pillow, and the oil level alarm mechanism includes a detection tube plugged into the insertion interface from the outside, and the top end of the detection tube is sleeved with a horizontally arranged fixed platen, a vertical grooved slide rail is fixed to the middle part of the upper surface of the fixed platen, and the opening of the grooved slide rail faces the opening of the detection tube; a floating block is slidably connected to the inside of the detection tube, a smooth top rod extending vertically upward is fixed to the top of the floating block, and an anti-twist pipe sleeve is fixed to the top of the smooth top rod, the pipe mouth of the anti-twist pipe sleeve is horizontally opposite to the opening of the grooved slide rail, a metal contact is slidably inserted into the end of the anti-twist pipe sleeve close to the grooved slide rail, and the inner wall of the anti-twist pipe sleeve is away from the grooved slide rail. A spring baffle is fixed at the end, and a clamping spring 1 is fixed between the spring baffle and the metal contact; a magnet 1 is fixed to the bottom of the groove of the groove-shaped slide rail near the top by bolts, and a metal sheet 1 is fixed to the lower half of the magnet 1 near the side of the metal contact, a magnet 2 is slidably connected to the inside of the groove-shaped slide rail near the bottom of the magnet 1, and a metal sheet 2 is fixed to the side of the magnet 2 near the metal contact, and the opposite ends of the metal sheet 1 and the metal sheet 2 are provided with symmetrical transition slopes, and the height of the transition slope is less than the compression amplitude of the clamping spring 1, ensuring that the metal contact can switch freely between the metal sheet 1 and the metal sheet 2 and maintain good contact, and the opposite ends of the magnet 1 and the magnet 2 have the same magnetic poles, forming a repulsive effect.

[0011] Preferably, a top sealing plate is fixed at the top tube opening of the detection tube, and a sliding bearing is embedded in the middle of the top sealing plate, and a smooth top rod is slidably inserted in the sliding bearing.

[0012] Preferably, a high mark and a low mark are fixed to the inner wall of the detection tube near the upper and lower ends respectively; and a T-shaped column extending vertically to the middle height of the groove-shaped slide rail is fixed to the end of the upper surface of the fixed plate away from the detection tube; terminal one and terminal two are fixed to the top of the T-shaped column; terminal one and terminal two are respectively connected to metal sheet one and metal sheet two through wires; metal sheet one and metal sheet two are connected in parallel in two alarm circuits.

[0013] Preferably, the thermal solenoid valve comprises an outer tube which opens upward and forms a T-shaped barrel structure as a whole, and a tilting rod is hinged at the thin neck of the outer tube, and a permanent magnet block and a top block are respectively fixed on the same side of both ends of the tilting rod; and a thermistor that repels the permanent magnet block is embedded in the outer wall of the bottom end of the outer tube; a baffle plate is provided on the inner wall of the top end of the outer tube, and a hinged cover is provided at the running end of the baffle plate close to the top block, and a return spring is fixed to the side of the hinged cover away from the top block.

[0014] A method for using a transformer with a protection mechanism comprises the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: Before starting, make sure that the oil level in the oil tank sump is higher than the height of the thermal solenoid valve. At this time, the metal contact in the oil level alarm mechanism is in the initial state, that is, it is in contact with the top metal sheet 1, and the green light connected in series with terminal 2 is on;

[0016] When the internal oil temperature rises and reaches the alarm temperature of the thermistor electromagnet, the thermistor electromagnet is energized to push open the hinged cover at the other end, and oil begins to leak onto the topmost heat sink plate outside. At this time, the high-temperature hot oil that has risen to the top is slowly spread on all the heat sink plates;

[0017] Step 2: After leaking to the bottom heat sink and gathering, it begins to enter the power oil pillow through the oil drain pipe and return pipe, and is then pumped into the oil tank structure;

[0018] Step 3: As the oil level in the oil tank structure drops, the metal contact begins to break away from the metal sheet at the top, but as long as it does not drop to the lowest point, the oil pump system will not be triggered;

[0019] When the liquid level is as low as the lowest end, the metal contact descends with the float and contacts the metal sheet 2 at the bottom, and the oil pump system is started to compensate the cooling oil. This process will adsorb the metal sheet 2 and make it rise until the liquid level reaches the predetermined position, that is, the magnet 2 rises to touch the magnet 1 at the top. Since the magnetic poles at the opposite ends of the two are the same, a repulsive effect is immediately generated, which can separate the metal sheet 2 from the metal contact, and the filling is stopped; at this time, the magnet 2 carries the metal sheet 2 to the bottom and waits for the next low-level touch.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] 1. By setting up an external bucket-shaped heat sink plate and using a thermal solenoid valve, the hot oil that rises from the inside can be slowly discharged from the top in hot seasons and spread over all the heat sink plates in turn, increasing the contact area with the external air and greatly improving the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0022] 2. Through the oil level alarm mechanism, the missing oil can be replenished in time during the cooling process, and the working status of the oil level alarm mechanism can be known through the remote observation signal light, so as to make maintenance and manual adjustment in time.

[0023] 3. By setting up the thermal solenoid valve, the external heat dissipation method can be started only when the internal oil temperature reaches the preset temperature, avoiding energy waste when using this type of transformer in areas with monsoon climate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a transformer with a protection mechanism proposed by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a bottom-up stereoscopic structural schematic diagram of a transformer with a protection mechanism proposed by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the explosion structure of an oil tank structure of a transformer with a protection mechanism proposed by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a transformer with a protection mechanism after the winding structure is hoisted;

[0028] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a half-section three-dimensional structure of an oil tank structure in a transformer with a protection mechanism proposed by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of an oil level alarm mechanism in a transformer with a protection mechanism proposed by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a transformer with a protection mechanism proposed by the present invention when the oil level is about to drop to a warning oil level;

[0031] Figure 8 The present invention is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a thermal solenoid valve in a transformer with a protection mechanism.

[0032] In the figure: 1, oil tank bottom shell; 101, plug interface; 102, rectangular connection hole; 103, arc notch; 2, detection tube; 3, fixed plate; 4, T-shaped column; 5, terminal 1; 6, terminal 2; 7, groove slide rail; 8, anti-twist pipe sleeve; 9, smooth top rod; 10, hanging cover; 1001, winding system; 11, heat dissipation arc plate; 12, heat dissipation plate; 1201, leakage gap; 13, return pipe; 14, power oil pillow; 15, support base; 16, arc seal Sealing plate; 17. Cooling fan; 18. Spring baffle; 19. Oil drain pipe; 20. Thermistor solenoid valve; 2001. Crank lever; 2002. Permanent magnet block; 2003. Thermistor electromagnet; 2004. Return spring; 2005. Hinged cover; 2006. Top block; 2007. Baffle plate; 21. Metal contact; 22. Metal sheet one; 23. Magnet one; 24. Low level mark; 25. Floating block; 26. Top sealing plate; 27. Magnet two; 28. Metal sheet two; 29. ​​High level mark. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0034] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 1-8A transformer with a protective mechanism comprises a winding structure and an oil tank structure which is an overall rectangular box structure with an opening upward, the oil tank structure comprises an oil tank bottom shell 1 which is an overall U-shaped plate structure with an opening upward, a power oil pillow 14 is arranged near the bottom end of the side of the oil tank bottom shell 1, vertical and mutually parallel end guard plates are reserved at both ends of the oil tank bottom shell 1, and arc-shaped notches 103 are opened on the front and rear sides of the two end arc plates, two mutually symmetrical arc-shaped sealing plates 16 are fixed between the four arc-shaped notches 103, and the concave surfaces of the two arc-shaped sealing plates 16 are opposite, and a heat dissipation arc plate 11 whose opening is opposite to the arc-shaped sealing plate 16 is fixed at the opening of the arc-shaped sealing plate 16, and a plurality of equally spaced slots are opened on the heat dissipation arc plate 11, and the extension direction of the slots is parallel to the axis of the heat dissipation arc plate 11, and a heat dissipation plate is inserted in each slot 12; the inner arc side of the heat sink 12 near the heat sink arc plate 11 is set to be an upward-opening bucket shape, and the bucket becomes wider from top to bottom, so that the cooling oil overflowing from the top can automatically flow to the top of the next adjacent heat sink 12, and a thermistor solenoid valve 20 connecting the inside and outside of the oil tank structure is inserted in the middle of the arc sealing plate 16 near the top heat sink 12; and an oil drain pipe 19 is inserted at the surface of the heat sink arc plate 11 near the lowest heat sink 12, and a reflux pipe 13 is connected between the bottom end of the oil drain pipe 19 and the power oil pillow 14; by setting the heat sink 12 externally in the shape of a bucket and using the thermistor solenoid valve 20, the hot oil that overflows from the inside can be slowly discharged from the top in hot seasons, and is sequentially distributed on all the heat sink 12, thereby increasing the contact area with the external air and greatly improving the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0035] Among them, the winding structure also includes a hanging cover 10 which is clamped on the top of the oil tank bottom shell 1, and the lower surface of the hanging cover 10 is fixed with an iron core and a winding system 1001; the lower surface of the oil tank bottom shell 1 is fixed with a support base 15 near the four corners. Under the action of the support base 15, a gap is left between the lower surface of the power oil pillow 14 and the ground, and the upper surface of the power oil pillow 14 is lower than the height of the bottom end of the oil drain pipe 19, ensuring that the return pipe 13 can smoothly return the cooling oil after heat dissipation to the power oil pillow 14.

[0036] Reference Figure 3 A rectangular connecting hole 102 is provided near the bottom of one end of the oil tank bottom shell 1 close to the power oil pillow 14, and an oil replenishing pumping mechanism is provided between the rectangular connecting hole 102 and the power oil pillow 14; an oil level alarm mechanism is provided at one end of the oil tank bottom shell 1 away from the power oil pillow 14, and the oil replenishing pumping mechanism can start to compensate the cooling oil inside the oil tank structure when it receives a signal from the oil level alarm mechanism.

[0037] Among them, both ends of the heat dissipation arc plate 11 and the arc-shaped sealing plate 16 form a pipe opening of a shuttle-shaped structure, and filter nets are fixed at the four pipe openings, and heat dissipation fans 17 are arranged at two of the pipe openings to prevent dust from entering the cooling oil during the heat dissipation process; the heat dissipation fans 17 can accelerate the cooling of the leaking cooling oil.

[0038] Among them, a filtering system is arranged inside the power oil pillow 14, and a primary filter cloth is arranged at the top of the oil drain pipe 19, and a leakage gap 1201 is opened in the middle of one end of the heat dissipation plate 12 close to the arc-shaped sealing plate 16; it can ensure that the cooling oil overflows from the middle to reduce unnecessary losses; the cooling oil after heat dissipation can be primarily filtered to ensure that the cooling oil circulated in the oil tank bottom shell 1 is clean and pure.

[0039] Reference Figure 6-7The end guard plate of the oil tank bottom shell 1 away from the power oil pillow 14 is provided with an insertion port 101. The oil level alarm mechanism includes a detection tube 2 plugged into the insertion port 101 from the outside, and the top of the detection tube 2 is sleeved with a horizontally arranged fixed plate 3, and a vertical grooved slide rail 7 is fixed to the middle of the upper surface of the fixed plate 3, and the opening of the grooved slide rail 7 faces the opening of the detection tube 2; the inside of the detection tube 2 is slidably connected with a floating block 25, and the top of the floating block 25 is fixed with a smooth top rod 9 extending vertically upward, and the top of the smooth top rod 9 is fixed with an anti-twist tube The sleeve 8 is provided with a tube mouth of the anti-twist sleeve 8 facing the opening of the grooved slide rail 7 horizontally, and a metal contact 21 is slidably inserted into the end of the anti-twist sleeve 8 close to the grooved slide rail 7, and a spring baffle 18 is fixed to the end of the inner wall of the anti-twist sleeve 8 away from the grooved slide rail 7, and a spring 1 is fixed between the spring baffle 18 and the metal contact 21; a magnet 1 23 is fixed to the bottom of the grooved slide rail 7 near the top by bolts, and a metal sheet 1 22 is fixed to the side of the lower half of the magnet 1 23 close to the metal contact 21, and the inside of the grooved slide rail 7 close to the magnet 1 23 A magnet 27 is slidably connected to the bottom, and a metal sheet 28 is fixed to the side of the magnet 27 close to the metal contact 21. The opposite ends of the metal sheets 1 22 and 28 are provided with symmetrical transition slopes. The height of the transition slope is less than the compression amplitude of the spring 1, ensuring that the metal contact 21 can switch freely between the metal sheets 1 22 and 28 and maintain good contact. The opposite ends of the magnets 1 23 and 27 have the same magnetic poles, forming a repulsive effect, so that when the liquid level is as low as the minimum during the alarm operation, the metal contact 21 can be switched freely between the metal sheets 1 22 and 28. At the low end, the metal contact 21 descends with the float 25 and contacts the metal sheet 2 28 at the bottom, and the oil pump system is started to compensate the cooling oil. This process will adsorb the metal sheet 2 28 and rise until the liquid level reaches the predetermined position, that is, the magnet 2 27 rises to touch the magnet 1 23 at the top. Since the magnetic poles of the two opposite ends are the same, a repulsive effect is immediately generated, and the metal sheet 28 can be separated from the metal contact 21, that is, the filling is stopped; at this time, the magnet 2 27 carries the metal sheet 28 to the bottom and waits for the next low-level touch.

[0040] Among them, a top sealing plate 26 is fixed at the top tube mouth of the detection tube 2, and a sliding bearing is embedded in the middle of the top sealing plate 26, and the smooth top rod 9 is slidably inserted in the sliding bearing; ensuring that the metal contact 21 at the top of the smooth top rod 9 can smoothly contact the corresponding point when floating up and down to the extreme position.

[0041] Reference Figure 6-Figure 7A high mark 29 and a low mark 24 are fixed to the inner wall of the detection tube 2 near the upper and lower ends respectively; and a T-shaped column 4 extending vertically to the middle height of the groove-shaped slide rail 7 is fixed to the end of the upper surface of the fixed platen 3 away from the detection tube 2; a terminal 1 5 and a terminal 2 6 are fixed to the top of the T-shaped column 4; the terminal 1 5 and the terminal 2 6 are respectively connected to the metal sheet 1 22 and the metal sheet 2 28 through wires; the metal sheet 1 22 and the metal sheet 2 28 are connected in parallel in the two alarm circuits, and the height of the low mark 24 is higher than the height of the thermal solenoid valve 20, so that the working status of the oil level alarm mechanism can be quickly known.

[0042] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 8 The thermal solenoid valve 20 includes an outer tube with an opening upwardly forming a T-shaped barrel structure as a whole, and a tilting rod 2001 is hinged at the thin neck of the outer tube, and a permanent magnet block 2002 and a top block 2006 are respectively fixed on the same side of both ends of the tilting rod 2001; and a thermistor 2003 that repels the permanent magnet block 2002 is embedded in the outer wall of the bottom end of the outer tube; a baffle plate 2007 is provided on the inner wall of the top end of the outer tube, and a hinged cover 2005 is provided at the running end of the baffle plate 2007 close to the top block 2006, and a reset spring 2004 is fixed on the side of the hinged cover 2005 away from the top block 2006; through the set thermal solenoid valve 20, the external heat dissipation method can be started only when the internal oil temperature reaches the preset temperature, thereby avoiding energy waste when using such transformers in areas with monsoon climates.

[0043] A method for using a transformer with a protection mechanism comprises the following steps:

[0044] Step 1: Before starting, make sure that the oil level in the oil tank sump 1 is higher than the height of the thermal solenoid valve 20. At this time, the metal contact 21 in the oil level alarm mechanism is in the initial state, that is, it is in contact with the top metal sheet 1 22, and the green light connected in series with the terminal 2 6 is on;

[0045] When the internal oil temperature rises and reaches the alarm temperature of the thermistor electromagnet 2003, the thermistor electromagnet 2003 is energized to push open the hinged cover 2005 at the other end, and the oil begins to leak onto the topmost heat sink 12 outside. At this time, the high-temperature hot oil that has risen to the top is slowly spread on all the heat sink 12;

[0046] Step 2: After the oil leaks to the bottom heat sink 12 and accumulates, it begins to enter the power oil pillow 14 through the oil drain pipe 19 and the return pipe 13, and is then pumped into the oil tank structure;

[0047] Step 3: As the oil level in the oil tank structure drops, the metal contact 21 begins to disengage from the top metal sheet 1 22, but the oil pump system will not be triggered as long as it does not drop to the lowest end;

[0048] When the liquid level is as low as the lowest end, the metal contact 21 descends with the float 25 and contacts the metal sheet 2 28 at the bottom, and the oil pump system is started to compensate the cooling oil. This process will adsorb the metal sheet 2 28 and rise until the liquid level reaches the predetermined position, that is, the magnet 2 27 rises to touch the magnet 1 23 at the top. Since the magnetic poles at the opposite ends of the two are the same, a repulsive effect is immediately generated, and the metal sheet 2 28 can be separated from the metal contact 21, that is, the filling is stopped; at this time, the magnet 2 27 carries the metal sheet 28 to the bottom and waits for the next low-level contact.

[0049] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A transformer with a protective mechanism, comprising a winding structure and an oil tank structure which is an overall rectangular box structure with an opening upward, wherein the oil tank structure comprises an oil tank bottom shell (1) which is an overall U-shaped plate structure with an opening upward, characterized in that: A power oil pillow (14) is provided on the side of the oil tank bottom shell (1) near the bottom end, and vertical and mutually parallel end guard plates are reserved at both ends of the oil tank bottom shell (1), and arc-shaped slots (103) are opened on both front and rear sides of the two end arc plates, and two mutually symmetrical arc-shaped sealing plates (16) are fixed between the four arc-shaped slots (103), and the concave surfaces of the two arc-shaped sealing plates (16) are opposite to each other, and the openings of the arc-shaped sealing plates (16) are fixed with heat dissipation arc plates (11) whose openings are opposite to the arc-shaped sealing plates (16), and the heat dissipation arc plates (11) are opened with a plurality of slots distributed at equal distances, and the extension direction of the slots is parallel to the axis of the heat dissipation arc plate (11). A heat sink (12) is inserted into each slot; the heat sink (12) is arranged in a bucket shape with an opening upward near the inner arc side of the heat sink arc plate (11), and the bucket becomes wider from top to bottom, so that the cooling oil overflowing from the top can automatically flow to the top of the next adjacent heat sink (12); a thermal solenoid valve (20) connecting the inside and outside of the oil tank structure is inserted in the middle of the arc sealing plate (16) near the top heat sink (12); and an oil drain pipe (19) is inserted in the surface of the heat sink arc plate (11) near the lowest heat sink (12), and a return pipe (13) is connected between the bottom end of the oil drain pipe (19) and the power oil pillow (14); The power oil pillow (14) is provided with a filtering system inside, and a primary filtering cloth is provided at the top end of the oil drain pipe (19); a leakage notch (1201) is provided in the middle of one end of the heat dissipation plate (12) close to the arc-shaped sealing plate (16); An insertion port (101) is formed on an end guard plate of the oil tank bottom shell (1) at one end away from the power oil pillow (14); the oil level alarm mechanism comprises a detection tube (2) plugged into the insertion port (101) from the outside, and a horizontally arranged fixed plate (3) is sleeved on the top end of the detection tube (2); a vertical grooved slide rail (7) is fixed in the middle of the upper surface of the fixed plate (3), and the opening of the grooved slide rail (7) faces the opening of the detection tube (2); the detection tube (2) A floating block (25) is slidably connected to the inside of the floating block (25), a smooth top rod (9) extending vertically upward is fixed to the top of the floating block (25), and an anti-twist pipe sleeve (8) is fixed to the top of the smooth top rod (9), the pipe mouth of the anti-twist pipe sleeve (8) is horizontally opposite to the opening of the grooved slide rail (7), a metal contact (21) is slidably inserted at one end of the anti-twist pipe sleeve (8) close to the grooved slide rail (7), and the inner wall of the anti-twist pipe sleeve (8) is fixed at one end away from the grooved slide rail (7). A spring baffle (18) is provided, and a first pressing spring is fixed between the spring baffle (18) and the metal contact (21); a first magnet (23) is fixed to the bottom of the groove of the groove-shaped slide rail (7) near the top by bolts, and a first metal sheet (22) is fixed to the lower half of the first magnet (23) near the side of the metal contact (21); a second magnet (27) is slidably connected to the inside of the groove-shaped slide rail (7) near the bottom of the first magnet (23), and a second metal sheet (28) is fixed to the side of the second magnet (27) near the metal contact (21); the first metal sheet (22) and the second metal sheet (28) are provided with mutually symmetrical transition slopes at opposite ends, and the height of the transition slope is less than the compression amplitude of the first pressing spring, so as to ensure that the metal contact (21) can switch freely between the first metal sheet (22) and the second metal sheet (28) and maintain good contact; the first magnet (23) and the second magnet (27) have the same magnetic poles at opposite ends, forming a repulsive effect.

2. A transformer with a protection mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The winding structure also includes a hanging cover (10) clamped on the top of the oil tank bottom shell (1), and an iron core and a winding system (1001) are fixed on the lower surface of the hanging cover (10); support bases (15) are fixed near the four corners of the lower surface of the oil tank bottom shell (1), under the action of the support base (15).

3. A transformer with a protection mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: A rectangular connection hole (102) is provided near the bottom of one end of the oil tank bottom shell (1) close to the power oil pillow (14), and an oil replenishing pump mechanism is provided between the rectangular connection hole (102) and the power oil pillow (14); an oil level alarm mechanism is provided at one end of the oil tank bottom shell (1) away from the power oil pillow (14).

4. A transformer with a protection mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: Both ends of the heat dissipation arc plate (11) and the arc-shaped sealing plate (16) form pipe openings of a shuttle-shaped structure, and filter screens are fixed at the four pipe openings, and heat dissipation fans (17) are arranged at two of the pipe openings.

5. A transformer with a protection mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: A top sealing plate (26) is fixed at the top end of the detection tube (2), and a sliding bearing is embedded in the middle of the top sealing plate (26), and a smooth top rod (9) is slidably inserted in the sliding bearing.

6. A transformer with a protection mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: A high mark (29) and a low mark (24) are fixed to the inner wall of the detection tube (2) near the upper and lower ends respectively; and a T-shaped column (4) is fixed to the end of the upper surface of the fixed plate (3) away from the detection tube (2) and extending vertically to the middle height of the groove-shaped slide rail (7); a first terminal (5) and a second terminal (6) are fixed to the top of the T-shaped column (4); the first terminal (5) and the second terminal (6) are connected to the first metal sheet (22) and the second metal sheet (28) respectively through wires; the first metal sheet (22) and the second metal sheet (28) are connected in parallel in two alarm circuits, and the height of the low mark (24) is higher than the height of the thermal solenoid valve (20).

7. A transformer with a protection mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The thermal solenoid valve (20) comprises an outer tube with an opening upwardly forming a T-shaped barrel structure as a whole, a tilting rod (2001) being hingedly connected at the narrow neck of the outer tube, and a permanent magnet block (2002) and a top block (2006) being fixed to the same side of both ends of the tilting rod (2001); a thermal electromagnet (2003) which repels the permanent magnet block (2002) is embedded in the outer wall of the bottom end of the outer tube; a baffle plate (2007) is provided on the inner wall of the top end of the outer tube, and a hinged cover (2005) is provided at the running end of the baffle plate (2007) close to the top block (2006), and a return spring (2004) is fixed to the side of the hinged cover (2005) away from the top block (2006).

8. A method for using a transformer with a protection mechanism, comprising the transformer with a protection mechanism as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Before starting, ensure that the oil level in the oil tank sump (1) is higher than the height of the thermal solenoid valve (20). At this time, the metal contact (21) in the oil level alarm mechanism is in the initial state, that is, it is in contact with the top metal sheet 1 (22), and the green light connected in series with the terminal 2 (6) is on; When the temperature of the oil inside rises and reaches the alarm temperature of the thermistor electromagnet (2003), the thermistor electromagnet (2003) is energized to push open the hinged cover (2005) at the other end, and the oil begins to leak onto the topmost heat sink plate (12) outside. At this time, the high-temperature hot oil that has risen to the top is slowly spread on all the heat sink plates (12); Step 2: After the oil leaks to the bottom heat sink (12) and accumulates, it begins to flow into the power oil pillow (14) through the oil drain pipe (19) and the return pipe (13), and is then pumped into the oil tank structure; Step 3: As the oil level in the oil tank structure drops, the metal contact (21) begins to disengage from the top metal sheet 1 (22), but the oil pump system will not be triggered unless it drops to the lowest point. When the liquid level reaches the lowest end, the metal contact (21) moves down along with the float (25) and contacts the metal sheet 2 (28) at the bottom, and the oil pump system is started to compensate the cooling oil. This process will attract the metal sheet 2 (28) and make it rise until the liquid level reaches the predetermined position, i.e., the magnet 2 (27) rises and contacts the magnet 1 (23) at the top. Since the magnetic poles at the opposite ends of the two are the same, a repulsive effect is immediately generated, and the metal sheet 2 (28) and the metal contact (21) are separated, i.e., the filling is stopped; at this time, the magnet 2 (27) carries the metal sheet 2 (28) to the bottom and waits for the next low-level contact.

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