A removable orifice plate energy dissipation structure within a shaft and method of use thereof

Abstract

The application provides a detachable orifice plate energy dissipation structure in a vertical shaft and a use method thereof. A plurality of mounting seats are arranged from top to bottom in the vertical shaft. A plurality of connecting plates are respectively fixed below each mounting seat. The side surfaces of the mounting seats and the connecting plates are fixed to the inner wall of the vertical shaft. The upper surfaces of some or all of the mounting seats are provided with detachable energy dissipation orifice plates. A plurality of flow holes are arranged on the energy dissipation orifice plates. The water flow is suddenly contracted and expanded before and after the flow holes. The flow lines are forced to sharply bend under the pressure driving, so that the energy dissipation purpose is achieved. The detachable energy dissipation orifice plates are achieved by arranging the mounting seats and the connecting plates. The number of the energy dissipation orifice plates and the distance between two adjacent energy dissipation orifice plates can be adjusted according to the actual energy dissipation condition. Meanwhile, the maintenance and repair in the subsequent use process are facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering technology, and in particular to a detachable perforated plate energy dissipation structure for vertical shafts and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] For water conveyance systems employing vertical shaft energy dissipation, the high height of the inflow shaft means that if water flows directly from the top to the bottom, the potential energy of the water is converted into kinetic energy, inevitably causing a significant impact on the bottom of the shaft. This damages the shaft structure, leading to vibrations, noise, and the introduction of large amounts of gas into the tunnel, thus affecting the safe operation of the project. To address the energy dissipation problem, current engineering projects often construct energy dissipation structures within the shaft, such as traditional folded plate structures, sliding track structures, and stepped structures. When water flows over these structures, energy is dissipated, achieving the purpose of energy dissipation. However, these energy dissipation measures suffer from several drawbacks. First, the structures built within the shaft are subject to scouring by the water flow, resulting in excessive structural vibrations that threaten structural safety. Second, the effectiveness of the solidified energy dissipation structure is difficult to assess accurately, and its fixed installation and non-removable nature make inspection and maintenance inconvenient. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a detachable perforated plate energy dissipation structure for vertical shafts, which can solve the problem of structural vibration that may occur in vertical shafts during water flow energy dissipation and the problem of inconvenience in inspection and maintenance caused by the fixed installation of the energy dissipation structure with the vertical shaft.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A detachable perforated plate energy dissipation structure for a vertical shaft is provided. Several mounting seats are arranged from top to bottom in the vertical shaft. Several connecting plates are fixed to the bottom of each mounting seat. The sides of the mounting seats and the connecting plates are fixed to the inner wall of the vertical shaft. A detachable energy dissipation perforated plate is provided on the top of some or all of the mounting seats. Several flow holes are provided on the energy dissipation perforated plate.

[0006] Based on the above technical solutions, the present invention may also employ the following further technical solutions, or combine these further technical solutions:

[0007] A reinforcing structure is provided between the energy dissipation perforated plate and the mounting base, and the dimensions of the reinforcing structure are matched with those of the energy dissipation perforated plate.

[0008] The reinforcing structure includes a reinforcing ring and a reinforcing rod, the reinforcing rod being fixed inside the reinforcing ring, and the reinforcing ring being detachably connected to the mounting base.

[0009] The flow passage is located between the reinforcing ring and the reinforcing rod, and the reinforcing rod includes one or more horizontal bars and / or one or more vertical bars.

[0010] The mounting base includes two sector-shaped mounting plates with a central angle of less than 180 degrees. The two sector-shaped mounting plates are symmetrically distributed about the center of the shaft, and the distance between the two sector-shaped mounting plates is greater than the sum of the thicknesses of the reinforcing structure and the energy dissipation plate.

[0011] The mounting base is provided with several connecting holes for connecting screws, and the connecting holes are staggered with the connecting plate.

[0012] The surface shape of the connecting plate is a right triangle, and the inclined sides of several connecting plates form an outwardly expanding annular surface with a gradually increasing diameter from top to bottom.

[0013] The diameter of the energy dissipation orifice plate is smaller than the inner diameter of the vertical shaft.

[0014] The reinforcing structure is made of I-beams.

[0015] The purpose of this invention is also to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a method for using a detachable perforated plate energy dissipation structure in a vertical shaft, which can solve the problem of structural vibration that may occur in the vertical shaft during water flow energy dissipation and the problem of inconvenience in inspection and maintenance caused by the fixed installation of the energy dissipation structure and the vertical shaft.

[0016] Therefore, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0017] A method for using a detachable perforated plate energy dissipation structure in a vertical shaft includes the following steps:

[0018] 1. Prefabricated energy dissipation perforated plate, connecting plate, reinforcing structure and mounting base. The mounting base includes two sector-shaped mounting plates with a central angle of less than 180 degrees, which fix the energy dissipation perforated plate to the reinforcing structure and the mounting base to the connecting plate.

[0019] 2. Based on the height of the shaft, estimate the number of mounting bases required and the distance between two adjacent mounting bases. Fix the mounting bases and connecting plates to the inner wall of the shaft. The fan-shaped mounting plates are arranged symmetrically about the center of the shaft. The actual number of mounting bases installed should be more than the estimated number.

[0020] Third, first install detachable reinforcing structures and energy dissipation perforated plates on some or all of the mounting bases. Increase or decrease the number of reinforcing structures and energy dissipation perforated plates according to the actual energy dissipation effect, or change the position of reinforcing structures and energy dissipation perforated plates, and increase or decrease the distance between two adjacent energy dissipation perforated plates.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: the water flow generates sudden contraction and expansion before and after the flow hole, and the streamline is forced to bend sharply under pressure, so as to achieve the purpose of energy dissipation. The energy dissipation plate can be disassembled by setting the mounting base and connecting plate, which makes it convenient to adjust the number of energy dissipation plates and the distance between two adjacent energy dissipation plates according to the actual energy dissipation situation. At the same time, it is convenient for subsequent inspection and maintenance during use. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention installed inside a vertical shaft.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Top view.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the energy dissipation perforated plate and the reinforcing structure.

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Top view.

[0027] Figure 6 A three-dimensional structural diagram to reinforce the structure.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view of the present invention after installation. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with specific examples. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote elements with the same or similar functions throughout. However, it should be understood that the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. To better illustrate this embodiment, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual product size. It is understandable for those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings. The positional relationships described in the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0030] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but this should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0031] The present invention provides a detachable perforated plate energy dissipation structure for a vertical shaft. The vertical shaft 1 is provided with a plurality of mounting seats 5 from top to bottom. A plurality of connecting plates 3 are fixed to the bottom of each mounting seat 5. The sides of the mounting seats 5 and the connecting plates 3 are fixed to the inner wall of the vertical shaft 1. A detachable energy dissipation perforated plate 2 is provided on the top of some or all of the mounting seats 5. A plurality of flow holes 21 are provided on the energy dissipation perforated plate 2. The axis of the flow holes 21 is parallel to the axis of the vertical shaft 1.

[0032] In this embodiment, the energy dissipation plate 2 is provided with 4 evenly distributed flow holes 21. Depending on the actual situation, 2 to 9 flow holes 21 can be provided.

[0033] A reinforcing structure 4 is provided between the energy dissipation orifice plate 2 and the mounting base 5, and the dimensions of the reinforcing structure 4 are matched with those of the energy dissipation orifice plate 2.

[0034] The reinforcing structure 4 includes a reinforcing ring 41 and a reinforcing rod 42. The reinforcing rod 42 is fixed inside the reinforcing ring 41, and the reinforcing ring 41 is detachably connected to the mounting base 5.

[0035] In this embodiment, the reinforcing ring 41 and the reinforcing rod 42 are welded together, and the energy dissipation plate 2 and the reinforcing structure 4 are welded together.

[0036] The flow passage 21 is located between the reinforcing ring 41 and the reinforcing rod 42, and the reinforcing rod 42 includes one or more horizontal bars and / or one or more vertical bars.

[0037] In this embodiment, the flow hole 21 is tangent to the inner diameter of the reinforcing ring 41 and the edge line of the reinforcing rod 42.

[0038] If the energy dissipation plate 2 has two evenly distributed flow holes 21, then the reinforcing rod 42 only includes one horizontal / vertical rod.

[0039] The distribution of the reinforcing rods 42 is designed according to the distribution of the flow holes 21. Without obstructing the flow holes 21, they serve to strengthen the energy dissipation plate 2. In this embodiment, the energy dissipation plate 2 is provided with 4 evenly distributed flow holes 21, and the reinforcing rods 42 are distributed in a cross shape. If the energy dissipation plate 2 is provided with 9 evenly distributed flow holes 21, the reinforcing rods 42 are distributed in a grid shape.

[0040] Mounting base 5 includes two sector-shaped mounting plates with a central angle of less than 180 degrees. The two sector-shaped mounting plates are symmetrically distributed about the center of the vertical shaft 1, and the distance between the two sector-shaped mounting plates is greater than the sum of the thicknesses of the reinforcing structure 4 and the energy dissipation plate 2.

[0041] The two sector-shaped mounting plates of the mounting base 5 are disconnected, creating a space that allows the reinforcing structure 4 and the energy dissipation plate 2 to pass through. When it is necessary to replace / add / remove the reinforcing structure 4 and the energy dissipation plate 2, the reinforcing structure 4 and the energy dissipation plate 2 can be rotated to a vertical 90-degree angle so that they can pass through the space between the two sector-shaped mounting plates.

[0042] The mounting base 5 is provided with several connecting holes 51 for connecting screws, and the connecting holes 51 are staggered with the connecting plate 3.

[0043] In this embodiment, the mounting base 5 and the reinforcing structure 4 are connected by screws.

[0044] The surface shape of the connecting plate 3 is a right triangle, and the inclined sides of several connecting plates 3 form an outwardly expanding annular surface with gradually increasing diameter from top to bottom.

[0045] The water flow in the shaft experiences sudden contraction and expansion before and after passing through the orifice plate. Under pressure, the streamlines are forced to bend sharply, thus achieving the purpose of dissipating the energy.

[0046] The diameter of the energy dissipation orifice plate 2 is smaller than the inner diameter of the shaft 1 to avoid the energy dissipation orifice plate getting stuck with the shaft 1 during installation and being difficult to move.

[0047] Reinforcing structure 4 is made of I-beams.

[0048] A method for using a detachable perforated plate energy dissipation structure in a vertical shaft includes the following steps:

[0049] 1. Prefabricated energy dissipation perforated plate 2, connecting plate 3, reinforcing structure 4 and mounting base 5. Mounting base 5 includes two sector-shaped mounting plates with a central angle of less than 180 degrees, which fix the energy dissipation perforated plate 2 to the reinforcing structure 4, and the mounting base 5 to the connecting plate 3.

[0050] 2. Based on the height of the shaft 1, estimate the number of mounting bases 5 required and the distance between two adjacent mounting bases 5. Fix the mounting bases 5 and connecting plates 3 to the inner wall of the shaft 1. The fan-shaped mounting plates are arranged symmetrically about the center of the shaft 1. The actual number of mounting bases 5 installed should be more than the estimated number.

[0051] Third, first install the detachable reinforcing structure 4 and energy dissipation plate 2 on some or all of the mounting bases 5. Increase or decrease the number of reinforcing structures 4 and energy dissipation plates 2 according to the actual energy dissipation effect, or change the position of reinforcing structures 4 and energy dissipation plates 2, and increase or decrease the distance between two adjacent energy dissipation plates 2.

[0052] like Figure 1 As shown, five layers of mounting bases 5 are installed in the vertical shaft 1. Counting from top to bottom, the second, third, and fourth layers of mounting bases 5 are respectively equipped with reinforcing structures 4 and energy dissipation perforated plates 2. Depending on the actual situation, reinforcing structures 4 and energy dissipation perforated plates 2 can be added to the first and fifth layers of mounting bases 5, or the reinforcing structures 4 and energy dissipation perforated plates 2 of the second / third / fourth layers can be removed to obtain a better energy dissipation effect.

[0053] It should be noted that the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "installed," "set," "equipped with," "connected," "linked," and "sleeve" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral construction; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two mechanisms, elements, or components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0054] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "one end," "the other end," "outer side," "inner side," "horizontal," "end," "length," "outer end," "left," and "right," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the mechanism or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention. The terms "first" and "second" are also used only for the sake of brevity in description and do not indicate or imply relative importance.

[0055] Furthermore, in practicing the claims of this invention, those skilled in the art can understand and influence variations to the disclosed embodiments through a study of the drawings, the disclosure, and the appended claims. Additionally, in the claims and description, words such as "comprising" and "containing" do not exclude other elements or steps, and non-plural nouns do not exclude their plural forms.

[0056] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the present invention are covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention, and will not be listed here.

Claims

1. A detachable perforated plate energy dissipation structure for use in vertical shafts, characterized in that, A number of mounting seats (5) are arranged from top to bottom inside the shaft (1). A number of connecting plates (3) are fixed to the bottom of each mounting seat (5). The sides of the mounting seats (5) and the connecting plates (3) are fixed to the inner wall of the shaft (1). Some or all of the mounting seats (5) are provided with detachable energy dissipation plates (2). A number of flow holes (21) are provided on the energy dissipation plates (2). A reinforcing structure (4) is provided between the energy dissipation plates (2) and the mounting seats (5). The size of the reinforcing structure (4) is the same as that of the energy dissipation plates. (2) Matching; the mounting base (5) includes two sector-shaped mounting plates with a central angle of less than 180 degrees. The two sector-shaped mounting plates are symmetrically distributed about the center of the vertical shaft (1). The distance between the two sector-shaped mounting plates is greater than the sum of the thicknesses of the reinforcing structure (4) and the energy dissipation plate (2). The reinforcing structure (4) includes a reinforcing ring (41) and a reinforcing rod (42). The reinforcing rod (42) is fixed inside the reinforcing ring (41). The reinforcing ring (41) is detachably connected to the mounting base (5).

2. The detachable perforated plate energy dissipation structure in a vertical shaft as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The flow passage (21) is located between the reinforcing ring (41) and the reinforcing rod (42), and the reinforcing rod (42) includes one or more horizontal bars and / or one or more vertical bars.

3. The detachable perforated plate energy dissipation structure in a vertical shaft as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting base (5) is provided with a plurality of connecting holes (51) for connecting screws, and the connecting holes (51) are staggered with the connecting plate (3).

4. The detachable perforated plate energy dissipation structure in a vertical shaft as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The surface shape of the connecting plate (3) is a right triangle, and the inclined sides of several connecting plates (3) form an outer expanding annular surface with a gradually increasing diameter from top to bottom.

5. The detachable perforated plate energy dissipation structure in a vertical shaft as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the energy dissipation plate (2) is smaller than the inner diameter of the vertical shaft (1).

6. The detachable perforated plate energy dissipation structure in a vertical shaft as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The reinforcing structure (4) is made of I-beams.

7. A method of using a detachable perforated plate energy dissipation structure in a vertical shaft according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps:

1. Prefabricated energy dissipation perforated plate (2), connecting plate (3), reinforcing structure (4) and mounting base (5). The mounting base (5) includes two fan-shaped mounting plates with a central angle of less than 180 degrees, which fix the energy dissipation perforated plate (2) to the reinforcing structure (4) and the mounting base (5) to the connecting plate (3).

2. Based on the height of the shaft (1), estimate the number of mounting bases (5) required and the distance between two adjacent mounting bases (5). Fix the mounting bases (5) and connecting plates (3) on the inner wall of the shaft (1). The fan-shaped mounting plates are arranged symmetrically about the center of the shaft (1). The actual number of mounting bases (5) installed should be more than the estimated number.

3. First, install the detachable reinforcing structure (4) and energy dissipation plate (2) on some or all of the mounting bases (5). Increase or decrease the number of reinforcing structure (4) and energy dissipation plate (2) according to the actual energy dissipation effect, or change the position of reinforcing structure (4) and energy dissipation plate (2) to increase or decrease the distance between two adjacent energy dissipation plates (2).

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