Optical cable monitoring method and system based on OTDR monitoring system

Abstract

The present invention discloses an optical cable monitoring method and system based on an OTDR monitoring system, and relates to the technical field of optical cable monitoring. The monitoring method comprises: S11: collecting optical signal data of several monitoring points of an optical fiber channel; S12: calculating the optical path difference value of any two adjacent monitoring points, judging whether the optical path difference value is within the optical path difference standard value interval, if so, entering step S13, if not, entering step S14; S13: calculating the cumulative error value of the optical signal data, judging whether the cumulative error value exceeds the standard error value, if so, entering step S14, if not: entering step S11; S14: based on the OTDR monitoring component, sending a test light wave to perform a transmission test in the optical fiber channel, outputting the detection defect of the optical propagation path. The monitoring system accurately detects the fault point position of the optical cable system in combination with the optical path difference value, simplifies the optical cable monitoring system, and at the same time improves the detection accuracy and monitoring efficiency, and reduces the monitoring cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of optical cable monitoring, and in particular to an optical cable monitoring method and system based on an OTDR monitoring system. Background Art

[0002] Optical cable system monitoring is an important part of ensuring the stable operation of the optical cable network. It ensures the normal and stable operation of the optical cable system by real-time monitoring and diagnosis of the optical power, transmission performance and physical status of the optical cable.

[0003] The current optical cable monitoring system mainly detects optical signals at important nodes in the optical cable system to ensure the accuracy of optical signal data transmission at important nodes of the optical cable system. For large-scale optical cable systems with multiple nodes, a lot of time and computing power are required to monitor and process optical signal data, resulting in high monitoring costs for the optical cable system and reduced detection efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art. The present invention provides an optical cable monitoring method and system based on an OTDR monitoring system. By calculating the optical path difference values ​​between various monitoring points and combining the OTDR monitoring system to accurately detect the fault point location of the optical cable system, the monitoring efficiency and accuracy of the optical cable system are improved, while the optical cable monitoring system is simplified and the monitoring cost is reduced.

[0005] The present invention provides an optical cable monitoring method based on an OTDR monitoring system, the monitoring method comprising:

[0006] Step S11: collecting optical signal data of several monitoring points of the optical fiber channel based on the OPD monitoring component;

[0007] Step S12: Calculate the optical path difference value of the optical signal data between any two adjacent monitoring points, and determine whether the optical path difference value is within the optical path difference standard value interval. If so, proceed to step S13; if not, proceed to step S14;

[0008] Step S13: Calculate the cumulative error value of the optical signal data in combination with the optical path difference values ​​on the optical fiber channel, and determine whether the cumulative error value exceeds the standard error value. If so, proceed to step S14; if not: proceed to step S11;

[0009] Step S14: Based on the OTDR monitoring component, a test light wave is emitted, and a transmission test is performed in the optical fiber channel through the test light wave to output the detection defects of the optical propagation path.

[0010] Furthermore, the optical signal data of several monitoring points of the optical fiber channel collected by the OPD monitoring component includes:

[0011] According to the setting position of each switching station in the optical cable system, a monitoring point is set at the output end of each switching station, and the optical signal data of the monitoring point is obtained through an optical signal detector.

[0012] Furthermore, the error standard value of the optical path difference between two adjacent monitoring points is calculated, and the error standard value calculation formula of the optical path difference is:

[0013] ;

[0014] in, is the standard value of the optical path difference error between two adjacent monitoring points, n is the average refractive index of the optical fiber channel, is the difference in fiber length between two adjacent monitoring points in the fiber channel.

[0015] Furthermore, the actual optical path difference between two adjacent monitoring points is calculated according to the relevant calculation parameters of the optical signal of the monitoring point, and the calculation formula is:

[0016] ;

[0017] in, is the actual optical path difference between two adjacent monitoring points, n is the average refractive index of the optical fiber channel, It is the transmission speed of optical signal data in the optical fiber channel. is the time when the optical signal data passes the current monitoring point, It is the time when the optical signal data passes the previous monitoring point.

[0018] Furthermore, the calculation of the cumulative error value of the optical signal data by combining a plurality of optical path difference values ​​on the optical fiber channel includes:

[0019] Obtaining an actual optical path difference value of the optical signal data of any two adjacent monitoring points, combining the theoretical optical path difference value of the optical signal data of any two adjacent monitoring points, calculating the difference between the actual optical path difference value and the theoretical optical path difference value, and obtaining the error value of the two adjacent monitoring points;

[0020] According to the distribution of several monitoring points, the error values ​​of the optical path difference values ​​of two adjacent monitoring points are obtained in sequence according to the transmission direction of the optical signal data, and each error value is accumulated and calculated to obtain a cumulative error value.

[0021] Furthermore, the OTDR monitoring component emits a test light wave, and the test light wave is used to perform a transmission test in the optical fiber channel, and the detection defects of the output light propagation path include:

[0022] Based on the OTDR monitoring component, several test light waves are generated in the optical fiber channel, so that the several test light waves are input into several monitoring points one by one;

[0023] Transmit the test light wave from the current monitoring point to the next adjacent monitoring point, obtain the input light intensity and output light intensity of each test light wave, and calculate the light intensity data attenuation rate of each test light wave;

[0024] The faulty monitoring optical fiber section is marked according to the attenuation rate of the optical intensity data.

[0025] Furthermore, the calculation formula of the light intensity data attenuation rate is:

[0026] ;

[0027] in, is the light intensity data attenuation rate, To test the light intensity data of the light wave at the current monitoring point, To test the light intensity data of the light wave at the next adjacent monitoring point, is the distance between two adjacent monitoring points.

[0028] Furthermore, the OTDR monitoring component emits a test light wave, and the test light wave is used to perform a transmission test in the optical fiber channel, and the detection defect of the output light propagation path also includes:

[0029] According to the marked monitoring fiber segment, several test points are divided in the monitoring fiber segment according to unit length, and the test points are tested in the monitoring fiber segment based on the OTDR monitoring component, and the test results are returned;

[0030] Obtain the fault point of the monitored optical fiber segment based on the test results.

[0031] Furthermore, obtaining the fault point of the monitoring optical fiber segment according to the test result includes calculating the distance between the fault point and the monitoring point.

[0032] The present invention also provides an optical cable monitoring system based on an OTDR monitoring system, wherein the monitoring system is used to execute the monitoring method, and the monitoring system comprises:

[0033] OPD monitoring component: used to obtain the optical signal data of each monitoring point and obtain the relevant calculation parameters of the optical signal data;

[0034] OTDR monitoring component: used to generate test light waves and detect fault points in the optical cable system based on the test light waves.

[0035] The present invention provides an optical cable monitoring method and system based on an OTDR monitoring system. By calculating the optical path difference values ​​between various monitoring points and combining the OTDR monitoring system to accurately detect the fault point position of the optical cable system, the monitoring efficiency and accuracy of the optical cable system are improved, while the optical cable monitoring system is simplified and the monitoring cost is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 is a flow chart of an optical cable monitoring method based on an OTDR optical cable monitoring system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 is a flow chart of an optical cable monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the connection of the optical cable monitoring system in the embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Embodiment 1:

[0041] Figure 1 A flow chart of an optical cable monitoring method based on an OTDR optical cable monitoring system in an embodiment of the present invention is shown, and the monitoring method comprises:

[0042] Step S11: Based on the OPD monitoring component, the detection data of several optical signal monitoring points of the optical fiber channel are collected. According to the setting positions of each switching station in the optical cable system, several monitoring points are set in the optical fiber channel. Several monitoring points are correspondingly set at the output end of the switching station. Each optical signal monitoring point is equipped with a highly sensitive optical signal detector. These detectors can capture the slight changes of the optical signal transmitted in the optical fiber, including the fluctuation of optical power, the attenuation of optical signal, wavelength deviation, signal-to-noise ratio change and other key parameters. These parameters are important indicators for measuring the transmission performance of the optical fiber channel and are directly related to the quality and efficiency of data transmission.

[0043] Furthermore, the optical path difference (OPD) is the difference between the optical paths of two light beams, and is an important physical quantity that integrates the geometric distance of light propagation with the vibration properties of light waves. In this embodiment, the optical path difference of the same light beam between different test points in the optical fiber channel is detected to reflect the optical loss of the optical fiber channel.

[0044] Based on the OPD monitoring component, real-time collection of optical signal data is performed at several monitoring points, and the optical signal data is transmitted to a central processing unit or a data center to realize data processing of the optical signal data. The data processing method includes data cleaning, denoising, feature extraction, pattern recognition, etc., so as to extract key information that has a direct impact on the health status and transmission performance of the optical fiber channel.

[0045] Step S12: Calculate the optical path difference value of the optical signal data between any two adjacent monitoring points, and determine whether the optical path difference value is within the optical path difference standard value interval. If so, proceed to step S13; if not, proceed to step S14.

[0046] According to the optical signal data monitored and acquired in step S11, relevant calculation parameters of the optical signal data at each monitoring point are acquired, relevant calculation parameters of the optical signal data of two adjacent monitoring points are extracted in sequence according to the optical signal data transmission direction in the optical fiber channel, and the optical path difference between the two adjacent monitoring points is calculated according to the relevant calculation parameters of the optical signals of the monitoring points.

[0047] The error standard value of the optical path difference between two adjacent monitoring points is calculated, and the error standard value calculation formula of the optical path difference is:

[0048] ;

[0049] in, is the standard value of the optical path difference error between two adjacent monitoring points, n is the average refractive index of the optical fiber channel, is the difference in fiber length between two adjacent monitoring points in the fiber channel.

[0050] Specifically, the optical path difference between two adjacent monitoring points is calculated according to the relevant calculation parameters of the optical signal of the monitoring point, and the calculation formula is:

[0051] ;

[0052] in, is the actual optical path difference between two adjacent monitoring points, n is the average refractive index of the optical fiber channel, It is the transmission speed of optical signal data in the optical fiber channel. is the time when the optical signal data passes the current monitoring point, It is the time when the optical signal data passes the previous monitoring point.

[0053] Furthermore, according to the characteristics of the optical fiber channel in the optical cable system, the transmission optical path of the optical signal data in the optical fiber channel is calculated, and the optical path difference data between adjacent monitoring points in each monitoring point in the optical fiber channel is calculated. The actual optical path difference data is compared with the theoretical optical path difference data, and the loss of the optical signal data in the optical cable system can be obtained, thereby detecting whether there is a fault in the optical cable system.

[0054] Step S13: Calculate the cumulative error value of the optical signal data in combination with a plurality of optical path difference values ​​on the optical fiber channel, and determine whether the cumulative error value exceeds the standard error value. If so, proceed to step S14; if not: proceed to step S11.

[0055] Specifically, the calculation formula of the error value is:

[0056] ;

[0057] in, is the actual optical path difference value of two adjacent monitoring points, is the theoretical optical path difference value of two adjacent monitoring points, is the error value.

[0058] And the It is directional. , then the actual optical path difference value changes more than the theoretical optical path difference value, and the optical signal data is lost during the transmission process. , then the actual optical path difference value change is less than the theoretical optical path difference value, and the transmission rate of the optical signal data in the optical cable system reaches the expected value.

[0059] Furthermore, based on the cumulative calculation between several error values, the cumulative transmission error of the optical signal data in the optical fiber channel within the optical cable system is obtained, thereby detecting whether the overall transmission efficiency of the optical cable system meets the expected requirements, so as to monitor and adjust the optical cable system.

[0060] Specifically, error analysis is performed on the optical path difference data of each monitoring point in the optical cable system, and the error value of the optical path difference data of the optical signal data transmission between any two adjacent monitoring points is obtained. By calculating the error value of the optical path difference data of the two adjacent monitoring points, the overall cumulative error analysis of the optical cable system is achieved, thereby improving the accuracy of the optical cable system fault analysis.

[0061] Step S14: Based on the OTDR monitoring system, a test light wave is emitted, a transmission test is performed in the optical fiber channel based on the test light wave, and a detection defect of the optical propagation path is output.

[0062] Specifically, a test light wave is emitted based on the OTDR monitoring component, and a test operation is performed in the optical cable system through the test light wave, so that the test light wave performs a transmission test in the optical cable system, and a detection result is obtained based on the test light wave, thereby detecting the fault point of the optical cable system.

[0063] Furthermore, the optical time-domain reflectometer (OTDR) is an instrument that analyzes the measurement curve to understand several properties of optical fiber, such as uniformity, defects, breaks, and connector coupling. The OTDR monitoring component can accurately detect the location of fault points in the optical cable system.

[0064] Based on the OPD monitoring component, the optical signal data transmission anomaly between the monitoring points of the optical cable system is detected, and the OTDR monitoring component is started to perform detailed transmission tests. The hierarchical detection strategy can greatly reduce unnecessary OTDR tests, thereby improving monitoring efficiency and reducing system monitoring costs.

[0065] By combining simple optical signal data acquisition and complex OTDR testing, a monitoring strategy combining rapid screening and precise positioning is implemented. This method can not only ensure the comprehensiveness and accuracy of monitoring, but also significantly improve the monitoring efficiency of large-scale multi-node optical cable systems and reduce monitoring costs.

[0066] Embodiment 2:

[0067] Figure 2 A flow chart of an optical cable monitoring method in an embodiment of the present invention is shown, and the optical cable monitoring method comprises:

[0068] S101: Divide monitoring points.

[0069] According to the setting method of the optical cable system, a monitoring point is set at the output end of each switching station in the optical cable system. An optical signal detector is configured at each monitoring point. Key parameters such as optical power fluctuation, optical signal attenuation, wavelength deviation, signal-to-noise ratio change, etc. are obtained based on the optical signal detector.

[0070] Several of the optical signal detectors are connected to the central processing unit signal, and an OPD monitoring component is formed based on the central processing unit and the several optical signal detectors. The optical signal at each monitoring position is analyzed and calculated through the OPD monitoring component to obtain the optical path difference data between two adjacent monitoring points, so as to detect the optical transmission characteristics of the optical fiber channel.

[0071] Specifically, by dividing a number of monitoring points in the optical cable system and using the optical signal data of adjacent monitoring points for analysis, the transmission conditions of the same light beam in the optical fiber channel can be detected and analyzed, thereby improving the convenience of optical fiber channel performance detection, while reducing interference in multi-beam light wave testing and improving the accuracy of optical fiber channel optical signal transmission performance detection.

[0072] S102: Optical signal data sampling.

[0073] Specifically, a highly sensitive optical signal detector is set in each monitoring point, and optical signal data parameters are obtained based on the detection of the optical signal detector. When the optical signal data passes through the switching station, the optical signal data is adjusted by the switching station so that the optical signal data is sent to the target site. For several switching stations on the optical signal data propagation path, the optical signal detector at the monitoring point can obtain the energy changes of the optical signal data during the propagation process and the propagation characteristic data of the optical signal data.

[0074] Furthermore, based on the optical power data of the optical signal data in the optical fiber channel and the characteristic data such as the wavelength of the optical signal data, combined with the detection data fed back by the optical signal detectors at several monitoring points, the central processing unit can track the optical signal data to determine the propagation channel of the optical signal data.

[0075] S103: Calculation of optical path difference.

[0076] The central processing unit obtains relevant calculation parameters of the optical signal data at each monitoring point, and determines the transmission direction of the optical signal data according to the propagation channel of the optical signal data in the optical cable system.

[0077] The relevant calculation parameters of the optical signal data of two adjacent monitoring points are extracted in turn according to the data transmission direction of the optical signal in the optical fiber channel, and the optical path difference between the two adjacent monitoring points is calculated according to the relevant calculation parameters of the optical signals of the monitoring points.

[0078] In this embodiment, by analyzing the optical path difference data between any two adjacent monitoring points, it is detected whether there is a fault in the optical fiber channel between two adjacent monitoring points, that is, between adjacent switching stations.

[0079] Specifically, the optical path difference between two adjacent monitoring points is calculated according to the relevant calculation parameters of the optical signal of the monitoring point, and the calculation formula is:

[0080] ;

[0081] in, is the actual optical path difference between two adjacent monitoring points, n is the average refractive index of the optical fiber channel, It is the transmission speed of optical signal data in the optical fiber channel. is the time when the optical signal data passes the current monitoring point, It is the time when the optical signal data passes the previous monitoring point.

[0082] In this embodiment, the transmission rate of the optical signal data in the optical fiber channel is set to a fixed value, and based on the time difference of the optical signal data passing through two adjacent monitoring points, the optical fiber channel defect between the two adjacent monitoring points is reflected in the optical path difference data.

[0083] By using the average refractive index of the optical fiber channel, the transmission speed of the optical signal in the channel, and the time difference between the optical signal data passing through two adjacent monitoring points, the actual optical path difference can be accurately calculated, thereby reflecting the actual state of the optical fiber.

[0084] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the actual optical path difference is a manifestation of the difference between the actual characteristics and the theoretical characteristics of the optical fiber channel between two adjacent monitoring points.

[0085] In practical applications, the average refractive index n of the optical fiber channel can be determined by the characteristics of the optical fiber material and the manufacturing process, and is usually between 1.4 and 1.5. The transmission speed v of the optical signal data in the optical fiber channel can be obtained by experimental measurement or calculation based on the optical fiber specification parameters. In this embodiment, the transmission speed v of the optical signal data in the optical fiber channel is set to .

[0086] Furthermore, t2 and t1 are the times when the optical signal detector at the monitoring point obtains the optical signal data.

[0087] Furthermore, according to the characteristics of the optical fiber channel in the optical cable system, the transmission optical path of the optical signal data in the optical fiber channel is calculated, and the optical path difference data between adjacent monitoring points in each monitoring point in the optical fiber channel is calculated. The actual optical path difference data is compared with the theoretical optical path difference data, and the loss of the optical signal data in the optical cable system can be obtained, thereby detecting whether there is a fault in the optical cable system.

[0088] S104: Determine the optical path difference standard value interval.

[0089] Specifically, the error standard value of the optical path difference between two adjacent monitoring points is calculated, and the error standard value calculation formula of the optical path difference is:

[0090] ;

[0091] in, is the standard value of the optical path difference error between two adjacent monitoring points, n is the average refractive index of the optical fiber channel, is the difference in fiber length between two adjacent monitoring points in the fiber channel.

[0092] Specifically, since the two monitoring points are located in the same optical fiber channel, the average refractive index can be determined based on the production specifications of the optical fiber channel, and the value range of the average refractive index is: In this embodiment, the average refractive index is 1.4. It is determined based on the setting locations of two adjacent monitoring points.

[0093] Furthermore, the optical path difference error standard value is set based on the product specifications of the optical fiber channel and the setting spacing between two adjacent monitoring points, reflecting the error standard value of the optical path difference of the optical signal data passing through two adjacent monitoring points from the input end in sequence.

[0094] Specifically, the optical path difference standard value interval of the optical path difference data is determined according to the distance between two adjacent monitoring point positions and the optical path difference data error standard value. The optical path difference standard value interval calculation formula of the optical path difference data is:

[0095] ;

[0096] in, is the standard value of the optical path difference error between two adjacent monitoring points, is the deviation coefficient per unit length of the fiber channel, The value range is (0.01~0.03), is the difference in fiber length between two adjacent monitoring points in the fiber channel, is the unit length. In this embodiment, .

[0097] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the distance between any two adjacent monitoring points is set to be between 10 km and 30 km.

[0098] Specifically, the actual optical path difference value between two adjacent monitoring point positions is calculated, and it is determined whether the optical path difference value is within the optical path difference standard value interval of the two monitoring point positions. If so, the transmission of the optical signal data between the two adjacent monitoring point positions meets the optical signal transmission setting requirements of the optical fiber channel.

[0099] If the actual optical path difference value of the optical signal data between two adjacent monitoring points is outside the optical path difference standard value range, the transmission of the optical signal data between the two adjacent monitoring points fails to meet the transmission setting requirements of the optical fiber channel.

[0100] S105: cumulative error calculation.

[0101] Obtaining an actual optical path difference value of the optical signal data of any two adjacent monitoring points, combining the theoretical optical path difference value of the optical signal data of any two adjacent monitoring points, calculating the difference between the actual optical path difference value and the theoretical optical path difference value, and obtaining the error value of the two adjacent monitoring points;

[0102] According to the distribution of several monitoring points, the error values ​​of the optical path difference values ​​of two adjacent monitoring points are obtained in sequence according to the transmission direction of the optical signal data, and each error value is accumulated and calculated to obtain a cumulative error value.

[0103] The calculation formula of the error value is:

[0104] ;

[0105] in, is the actual optical path difference value of two adjacent monitoring points, is the theoretical optical path difference value of two adjacent monitoring points, is the error value.

[0106] And the It is directional. , then the actual optical path difference value changes more than the theoretical optical path difference value, and the optical signal data is lost during the transmission process. , then the actual optical path difference value change is less than the theoretical optical path difference value, and the transmission rate of the optical signal data in the optical cable system reaches the expected value.

[0107] Specifically, according to the error values ​​of optical signal data transmission in different optical fiber segments, the error values ​​of the optical fiber channels at any two adjacent monitoring points are accumulated and calculated. Through directional accumulation operations, the deviation of optical signal transmission of the entire optical fiber channel can be accurately analyzed.

[0108] S106: Determine the error standard value.

[0109] Specifically, the error standard value can be set according to the structural characteristics of the optical fiber channel, and the error value data of the entire optical fiber channel line is obtained by accumulating the error values ​​of each interval, thereby detecting the optical signal transmission performance of the optical fiber channel.

[0110] S107: Start the OTDR monitoring component.

[0111] Specifically, the OPD monitoring component detects the optical path difference standard value interval according to the result of step S104. When the optical path difference value exceeds the optical path difference standard value interval, the OPD monitoring component can mark the monitoring point interval corresponding to the optical path difference value. When the optical signal data completes the transmission in the optical fiber channel, the OPD monitoring component can generate a detection signal based on the marking information and start the OTDR monitoring component based on the detection information.

[0112] Furthermore, the OPD monitoring component performs calculation analysis on the error of the entire line by accumulating the errors of the positions of adjacent monitoring points in the optical fiber channel according to the error standard value analysis performed in step S106, and based on the comparative analysis between the accumulated error value of the optical fiber channel and the error standard value, when the accumulated error value of the optical fiber channel is greater than the error standard value, the OPD monitoring component can generate a detection signal and start the OTDR monitoring component based on the detection information.

[0113] S108: Test light wave detection.

[0114] Specifically, based on the OTDR monitoring component, several test light waves are generated in the optical fiber channel, so that the several test light beams are input into several monitoring points one by one, so that the test light waves are transmitted from the current monitoring point to the next adjacent monitoring point, and the input light intensity and output light intensity of each test light wave are obtained, and the light intensity data attenuation rate of each test light wave is calculated. By outputting multiple test light waves and driving the test light waves to transmit at each monitoring point, the optical signal transmission test of each monitoring partition in the optical fiber channel can be synchronously performed.

[0115] The faulty monitoring optical fiber segment is marked according to the light intensity data attenuation rate, and the transmission condition of the test light wave in the detection partition is detected by recording the light wave intensity, arrival time and light wave frequency of the test light wave when it arrives at the next monitoring point.

[0116] The calculation formula of the light intensity data attenuation rate is:

[0117] ;

[0118] in, is the light intensity data attenuation rate, To test the light intensity data of the light wave at the current monitoring point, To test the light intensity data of the light wave at the next adjacent monitoring point, is the distance between two adjacent monitoring points.

[0119] During the specific implementation process, an attenuation rate threshold can be set, such as 0.5dB / km. When the calculated attenuation rate of a certain detection partition exceeds this threshold, the OTDR monitoring component can mark the detection partition. This threshold can be adjusted according to different types of optical fibers and actual application scenarios.

[0120] Through this method, the present application can not only accurately calculate the attenuation rate of the light intensity data, but also effectively locate the fault point in the optical fiber channel. Compared with the traditional point-by-point detection method, this attenuation rate-based monitoring method can identify the problem area more quickly, greatly improving the efficiency of optical cable monitoring.

[0121] S109: Fault interval test.

[0122] According to the marked monitoring fiber segment, several test points are divided in the monitoring fiber segment according to unit length, and the test points are tested in the monitoring fiber segment based on the OTDR monitoring component, and the test results are returned.

[0123] The OTDR monitoring component emits a pulsed test light wave within the fault interval, and the test light wave signal is enhanced according to the pulse time interval.

[0124] By tracking and detecting the optical signal data within the fault area and combining the preparation specifications of the optical fiber channel, the optical loss rate of the optical fiber channel per unit length is obtained, so that the first test light wave emitted by the OTDR monitoring component can be transmitted after a unit length.

[0125] Based on the length of the fault interval, a pulse-type test light wave is set, and the return value of each test light wave is recorded. According to the return value of the test light wave, the position of the fault point is determined.

[0126] S110: Determine the fault point.

[0127] The fault point of the monitored optical fiber section is obtained based on the test results, and the fault point location of the fault interval is obtained based on the optical loss of the pulsed light wave in the fault interval. By real-time monitoring of the light intensity of the test light wave, the attenuation rate of the test light wave of different light intensities during the transmission process between each test point is obtained, thereby determining the location of the fault point in the fault interval.

[0128] Embodiment three:

[0129] Figure 3 A connection diagram of an optical cable monitoring system in an embodiment of the present invention is shown, wherein the monitoring system is used to execute the monitoring method, and the monitoring system comprises:

[0130] OPD monitoring component: used to obtain the optical signal data of each monitoring point and obtain the relevant calculation parameters of the optical signal data. According to the location of each exchange station in the optical cable system, several monitoring points are set in the optical fiber channel. Several monitoring points are set at the output end of the exchange station. Each optical signal monitoring point is equipped with a highly sensitive optical signal detector. These detectors can capture the slight changes of the optical signal transmitted in the optical fiber, including the fluctuation of optical power, attenuation of optical signal, wavelength deviation, signal-to-noise ratio change and other key parameters. These parameters are important indicators for measuring the transmission performance of the optical fiber channel and are directly related to the quality and efficiency of data transmission.

[0131] Based on the OPD monitoring component, real-time collection of optical signal data is performed at several monitoring points, and the optical signal data is transmitted to a central processing unit or a data center to realize data processing of the optical signal data. The data processing method includes data cleaning, denoising, feature extraction, pattern recognition, etc., so as to extract key information that has a direct impact on the health status and transmission performance of the optical fiber channel.

[0132] Calculate the optical path difference value of the optical signal data between any two adjacent monitoring points, and determine whether the optical path difference value is within the optical path difference standard value interval. If the optical path difference data does not fall within the optical path difference standard value interval, the OPD monitoring component generates a detection signal to drive the OTDR monitoring component to perform fault point detection.

[0133] Specifically, relevant calculation parameters of the optical signal data at each monitoring point are obtained, relevant calculation parameters of the optical signal data of two adjacent monitoring points are extracted in sequence according to the optical signal data transmission direction in the optical fiber channel, and the optical path difference between the two adjacent monitoring points is calculated based on the relevant calculation parameters of the optical signals of the monitoring points.

[0134] The error standard value of the optical path difference between two adjacent monitoring points is calculated, and the error standard value calculation formula of the optical path difference is:

[0135] ;

[0136] in, is the standard value of the optical path difference error between two adjacent monitoring points, n is the average refractive index of the optical fiber channel, is the difference in fiber length between two adjacent monitoring points in the fiber channel.

[0137] Specifically, the optical path difference between two adjacent monitoring points is calculated according to the relevant calculation parameters of the optical signal of the monitoring point, and the calculation formula is:

[0138] ;

[0139] in, is the actual optical path difference between two adjacent monitoring points, n is the average refractive index of the optical fiber channel, It is the transmission speed of optical signal data in the optical fiber channel. is the time when the optical signal data passes the current monitoring point, It is the time when the optical signal data passes the previous monitoring point.

[0140] Furthermore, according to the characteristics of the optical fiber channel in the optical cable system, the transmission optical path of the optical signal data in the optical fiber channel is calculated, and the optical path difference data between adjacent monitoring points in each monitoring point in the optical fiber channel is calculated. The actual optical path difference data is compared with the theoretical optical path difference data, and the loss of the optical signal data in the optical cable system can be obtained, thereby detecting whether there is a fault in the optical cable system.

[0141] Specifically, based on the OPD monitoring component, the optical path difference error value of the optical fiber channel at each adjacent monitoring point in the optical cable system is detected, thereby realizing the transmission performance detection of the entire optical fiber channel line.

[0142] Specifically, the calculation formula of the error value is:

[0143] ;

[0144] in, is the actual optical path difference value of two adjacent monitoring points, is the theoretical optical path difference value of two adjacent monitoring points, is the error value.

[0145] And the It is directional. , then the actual optical path difference value changes more than the theoretical optical path difference value, and the optical signal data is lost during the transmission process. , then the actual optical path difference value change is less than the theoretical optical path difference value, and the transmission rate of the optical signal data in the optical cable system reaches the expected value.

[0146] Furthermore, based on the cumulative calculation between several error values, the cumulative transmission error of the optical signal data in the optical fiber channel within the optical cable system is obtained, thereby detecting whether the overall transmission efficiency of the optical cable system meets the expected requirements, so as to monitor and adjust the optical cable system.

[0147] Specifically, error analysis is performed on the optical path difference data of each monitoring point in the optical cable system, and the error value of the optical path difference data of the optical signal data transmission between any two adjacent monitoring points is obtained. By calculating the error value of the optical path difference data of the two adjacent monitoring points, the overall cumulative error analysis of the optical cable system is achieved, thereby improving the accuracy of the optical cable system fault analysis.

[0148] Specifically, the accumulated error value of the entire optical fiber channel is compared with the error standard value. If the accumulated error value of the optical fiber channel is greater than the error standard value, the OPD monitoring component generates a detection signal and drives the OTDR monitoring component to perform fault point detection based on the detection signal.

[0149] OTDR monitoring component: used to generate test light waves and detect fault points in the optical cable system based on the test light waves.

[0150] The OTDR monitoring system emits a test light wave, performs a transmission test on the optical fiber channel, and outputs the detection defects of the optical propagation path.

[0151] Specifically, a test light wave is emitted based on the OTDR monitoring component, and a test operation is performed in the optical cable system through the test light wave, so that the test light wave performs a transmission test in the optical cable system, and a detection result is obtained based on the test light wave, thereby detecting the fault point of the optical cable system.

[0152] By calculating the optical path difference between each monitoring point and combining it with the OTDR monitoring system, the fault point location of the optical cable system can be accurately detected, thereby improving the monitoring efficiency and accuracy of the optical cable system, simplifying the optical cable monitoring system and reducing the monitoring cost.

[0153] A person skilled in the art may understand that all or part of the steps in the various methods of the above embodiments may be completed by instructing related hardware through a program, and the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the storage medium may include: a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a disk or an optical disk, etc.

[0154] In addition, the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

Claims

1. An optical cable monitoring method based on an OTDR monitoring system, characterized in that: The monitoring method comprises: Step S11: collecting optical signal data of several monitoring points of the optical fiber channel based on the OPD monitoring component; Step S12: Calculate the actual optical path difference value of the optical signal data between any two adjacent monitoring points, and determine whether the actual optical path difference value is within the optical path difference error standard value interval. If so, proceed to step S13; if not, proceed to step S14; Step S13: Calculate the cumulative error value of the optical signal data in combination with a plurality of optical path difference values ​​on the optical fiber channel, and determine whether the cumulative error value exceeds the error standard value. If so, proceed to step S14; if not: proceed to step S11; Step S14: Based on the OTDR monitoring component, a test light wave is emitted, and a transmission test is performed in the optical fiber channel through the test light wave to output the detection defects of the optical propagation path; In step S12, the actual optical path difference between two adjacent monitoring points is calculated according to the relevant calculation parameters of the optical signals of the monitoring points. The calculation formula is: ； in, is the actual optical path difference between two adjacent monitoring points, n is the average refractive index of the optical fiber channel, It is the transmission speed of optical signal data in the optical fiber channel. is the time when the optical signal data passes the current monitoring point, is the time when the optical signal data passes the previous monitoring point; The OTDR monitoring component emits a test light wave, and the test light wave is used to perform a transmission test in the optical fiber channel. The detection defects of the output light propagation path include: Based on the OTDR monitoring component, several test light waves are generated in the optical fiber channel, so that the several test light waves are input into several monitoring points one by one; Transmit the test light wave from the current monitoring point to the next adjacent monitoring point, obtain the input light intensity and output light intensity of each test light wave, and calculate the light intensity data attenuation rate of each test light wave; Marking a faulty monitoring optical fiber segment according to the attenuation rate of the light intensity data; The calculation formula of the light intensity data attenuation rate is: ； in, is the light intensity data attenuation rate, To test the light intensity data of the light wave at the current monitoring point, To test the light intensity data of the light wave at the next adjacent monitoring point, is the distance between two adjacent monitoring points.

2. The optical cable monitoring method based on the OTDR monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical signal data of several monitoring points of the optical fiber channel collected by the OPD monitoring component includes: According to the setting position of each switching station in the optical cable system, a monitoring point is set at the output end of each switching station, and the optical signal data of the monitoring point is obtained through an optical signal detector.

3. The optical cable monitoring method based on the OTDR monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S12, the error standard value of the optical path difference between two adjacent monitoring points is calculated, and the error standard value calculation formula of the optical path difference is: ； in, is the standard value of the optical path difference error between two adjacent monitoring points, n is the average refractive index of the optical fiber channel, is the difference in fiber length between two adjacent monitoring points in the fiber channel.

4. The optical cable monitoring method based on the OTDR monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of calculating the cumulative error value of the optical signal data by combining a plurality of optical path difference values ​​on the optical fiber channel comprises: Obtaining an actual optical path difference value of the optical signal data of any two adjacent monitoring points, combining the theoretical optical path difference value of the optical signal data of any two adjacent monitoring points, calculating the difference between the actual optical path difference value and the theoretical optical path difference value, and obtaining the error value of the two adjacent monitoring points; According to the distribution of several monitoring points, the error values ​​of the optical path difference values ​​of two adjacent monitoring points are obtained in sequence according to the transmission direction of the optical signal data, and each error value is accumulated and calculated to obtain a cumulative error value.

5. The optical cable monitoring method based on the OTDR monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The OTDR monitoring component emits a test light wave, and the test light wave is used to perform a transmission test in the optical fiber channel. The detection defect of the output light propagation path also includes: According to the marked monitoring fiber segment, several test points are divided in the monitoring fiber segment according to unit length, and the test points are tested in the monitoring fiber segment based on the OTDR monitoring component, and the test results are returned; Obtain the fault point of the monitored optical fiber segment based on the test results.

6. The optical cable monitoring method based on the OTDR monitoring system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The obtaining of the fault point of the monitoring optical fiber segment according to the test result includes calculating the distance between the fault point and the monitoring point.

7. An optical cable monitoring system based on an OTDR monitoring system, characterized in that: The monitoring system is used to perform the monitoring method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and the monitoring system comprises: OPD monitoring component: used to obtain the optical signal data of each monitoring point and obtain the relevant calculation parameters of the optical signal data; OTDR monitoring component: used to generate test light waves and detect fault points in the optical cable system based on the test light waves.

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