A distributed cable temperature monitoring and early warning method, device, and equipment based on fiber optic sensing technology

Abstract

This invention discloses a distributed cable temperature measurement and early warning method, device, and equipment based on fiber optic sensing technology. It calculates the accurate value of fiber optic measurement by using temperature data and transmission characteristic information, matches the temperature measurement adaptation range, compares the temperature measurement adaptation range with the set reference value of the normal operating temperature of the cable, and counts the number of scattering points to ensure that the early warning mode executed by the cable under test is not affected by the external environment, so as to achieve more accurate temperature early warning for the cable under test.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to cable temperature measurement technology, and more particularly to a distributed cable temperature measurement and early warning method, device, and equipment based on fiber optic sensing technology. Background Technology

[0002] Fiber optic sensing technology is widely used in various power fields due to its advantages such as distributed operation, non-contact operation, resistance to electromagnetic interference, and long-distance transmission.

[0003] However, during the process of measuring the temperature of cables using optical fibers, the cables are exposed to the external environment for a long time, which makes the optical fiber sensors susceptible to environmental factors. This results in inaccurate cable temperature data obtained by the optical fiber sensors. Furthermore, if the optical fiber itself malfunctions due to environmental factors, it will not only be unable to provide continuous and real-time cable temperature data, but also unable to comprehensively monitor the cable temperature and provide accurate temperature warnings. Ultimately, the cable will not be able to operate efficiently and stably. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a distributed cable temperature monitoring and early warning method, device, and equipment based on fiber optic sensing technology to ensure that the early warning mode executed by the cable under test is not affected by the external environment, thereby achieving more accurate temperature early warning for the cable under test.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a distributed cable temperature measurement and early warning method based on fiber optic sensing technology, comprising:

[0006] Extract temperature data containing temperature information from the initial signal transmitted back from the distributed optical fiber;

[0007] Extract the transmission characteristic information of the distributed optical fiber from the initial signal;

[0008] The precise value of the optical fiber measurement is calculated based on the temperature data and the transmission characteristic information.

[0009] Locate the temperature measurement adaptation range that matches the precise measurement value of the optical fiber from the optical fiber sensing platform;

[0010] Determine whether the preset reference value for the normal operating temperature of the cable is within the temperature measurement adaptation range;

[0011] When the reference value of the normal operating temperature of the cable is within the temperature measurement adaptation range, the scattering position corresponding to the temperature data information is calculated, and the scattering position is recorded as the target scattering point.

[0012] Count the number of target scattering points;

[0013] The corresponding temperature warning strategy is determined based on the number of target scattering points.

[0014] Optionally, temperature data containing temperature information is extracted from the initial signal transmitted back through the distributed optical fiber, including:

[0015] The initial signal is preprocessed by narrowband filtering, cumulative denoising, and coherent detection to obtain intermediate data information;

[0016] The intermediate data information is filtered according to signal type to obtain temperature data information.

[0017] Optionally, the transmission characteristic information of the distributed optical fiber includes the maximum intensity of the Stokes light and the maximum intensity of the anti-Stokes light. Extracting the transmission characteristic information of the distributed optical fiber from the initial signal includes:

[0018] The intensity of the Stokes light and the intensity of the anti-Stokes light are extracted from the initial signal;

[0019] The maximum intensity of the Stokes light is selected from the intensities of the Stokes light.

[0020] The maximum intensity of the anti-Stokes light is selected from the anti-Stokes light intensities.

[0021] Optionally, calculating the precise value of the optical fiber measurement based on the temperature data and the transmission characteristic information includes:

[0022] The optical fiber transmission evaluation factor of the distributed optical fiber is calculated based on the transmission characteristic information.

[0023] Calculate the temperature data transmission evaluation factor of the distributed optical fiber based on the temperature data information;

[0024] The sum of the optical fiber transmission evaluation factor and the temperature data transmission evaluation factor is calculated to obtain the accurate value of the optical fiber measurement.

[0025] Optionally, the transmission characteristic information of the distributed optical fiber includes the maximum intensity of the Stokes light and the maximum intensity of the anti-Stokes light, and the calculation formula for the optical fiber transmission evaluation factor of the distributed optical fiber is as follows:

[0026]

[0027] In the formula, C m The fiber transmission evaluation factor, SL, for the m-th distributed optical fiber. m Let ASL be the maximum intensity of the Stokes light in the m-th distributed optical fiber during the fiber transmission period. m Δl represents the maximum intensity of the anti-Stork light in the m-th distributed optical fiber during the optical fiber transmission period, β represents the preset Raman intensity reference ratio, and β represents the influence factor corresponding to the preset Raman intensity deviation ratio unit value in the optical fiber sensing platform.

[0028] Optionally, the calculation formula for the temperature data transmission evaluation factor of the distributed optical fiber is as follows:

[0029] B m =B 1m +B 2m +B 3m ;

[0030]

[0031] Where B m B is the evaluation factor for temperature data transmission in the m-th distributed optical fiber. 1m B is the data echo duration impact index for the m-th distributed optical fiber. 2m Let B be the index affecting the data transmission speed of the m-th distributed optical fiber within the data transmission cycle. 3m Let α1 be the correction factor corresponding to the preset echo duration in the fiber optic sensing platform, α2 be the influence factor corresponding to the preset data transmission speed per unit value in the fiber optic sensing platform, and α3 be the correction factor corresponding to the preset data transmission channel ratio in the fiber optic sensing platform. RTD m Let be the echo duration of the m-th distributed optical fiber, ΔRTD be the echo reference duration stored in the optical fiber sensing platform, and ABR be the echo duration. m Let DTCH be the data transmission speed of the m-th distributed optical fiber during the data transmission cycle. m Let ΔDTCH be the number of data transmission channels of the m-th distributed optical fiber during the data transmission cycle, ΔDTCH be the preset number of data transmission channels stored in the optical fiber sensing platform, and ΔT be the reference ratio of data transmission channels stored in the optical fiber sensing platform.

[0032] Optionally, the temperature measurement adaptation range matching the precise measurement value of the optical fiber is searched from the optical fiber sensing platform, including:

[0033] Locate the fiber optic measurement accuracy range to which the fiber optic measurement accuracy value belongs from the fiber optic sensing platform;

[0034] Find the temperature measurement adaptation range that matches the fiber optic measurement accuracy range in the fiber optic sensing platform.

[0035] Optionally, a corresponding temperature warning strategy is determined based on the number of target scattering points, including:

[0036] When the number of target scattering points is less than a first threshold, the system enters a constant temperature mode. In this constant temperature mode, an alarm is triggered when the monitored temperature exceeds the constant temperature alarm value.

[0037] When the number of target scattering points is greater than or equal to a first threshold and less than or equal to a second threshold, the system enters a temperature rise mode. In this temperature rise mode, an alarm is triggered when the monitored temperature rise exceeds the temperature rise alarm value.

[0038] When the number of target scattering points is greater than the second threshold and less than or equal to the third threshold, the temperature difference mode is entered. In the temperature difference mode, when the difference between the highest temperature and the average temperature exceeds the temperature difference alarm value, an alarm is triggered.

[0039] Secondly, the present invention also provides a distributed cable temperature measurement and early warning device based on fiber optic sensing technology, comprising:

[0040] The temperature data information extraction module is used to extract temperature data information containing temperature information from the initial signal transmitted back by the distributed optical fiber.

[0041] A transmission feature information extraction module is used to extract the transmission feature information of the distributed optical fiber from the initial signal;

[0042] The precision value calculation module is used to calculate the precise value of the optical fiber measurement based on the temperature data information and the transmission characteristic information.

[0043] The matching range lookup module is used to find the temperature measurement matching range that matches the accurate measurement value of the optical fiber from the optical fiber sensing platform;

[0044] The judgment module is used to determine whether the preset reference value for the normal operating temperature of the cable is within the temperature measurement adaptation range;

[0045] The target scattering point determination module is used to calculate the scattering position corresponding to the temperature data information when the reference value of the normal operating temperature of the cable is within the temperature measurement adaptation range, and to record the scattering position as the target scattering point;

[0046] The quantity statistics module is used to count the number of target scattering points;

[0047] The early warning module is used to determine the corresponding temperature early warning strategy based on the number of target scattering points.

[0048] Thirdly, the present invention also provides an electronic device, comprising:

[0049] One or more processors;

[0050] Storage device for storing one or more programs;

[0051] When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the distributed cable temperature measurement and early warning method based on fiber optic sensing technology provided in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0052] Fourthly, the present invention also provides a computer storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the distributed cable temperature measurement and early warning method based on fiber optic sensing technology provided in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0053] This invention provides a distributed cable temperature measurement and early warning method based on fiber optic sensing technology. It extracts temperature data containing temperature information from the initial signal transmitted back from the distributed optical fiber, extracts the transmission characteristic information of the distributed optical fiber from the initial signal, calculates the precise measurement value of the optical fiber based on the temperature data and transmission characteristic information, searches for a temperature measurement adaptation range matching the precise measurement value from the optical fiber sensing platform, determines whether the preset normal operating temperature reference value of the cable is within the temperature measurement adaptation range, and when the normal operating temperature reference value is within the temperature measurement adaptation range, calculates the scattering position corresponding to the temperature data information and records the scattering position as the target scattering point, counts the number of target scattering points, and determines the corresponding temperature early warning strategy based on the number of target scattering points. This invention calculates the precise measurement value of the optical fiber through temperature data and transmission characteristic information, matches the temperature measurement adaptation range, compares the temperature measurement adaptation range with the set normal operating temperature reference value of the cable, and thus counts the number of scattering points. This ensures that the early warning mode executed by the cable under test is not affected by the external environment, thereby achieving a more accurate temperature early warning for the cable under test.

[0054] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the invention. Other features of the invention will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0055] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0056] Figure 1 A flowchart of a distributed cable temperature measurement and early warning method based on fiber optic sensing technology provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the noise ratio of the initial signal and intermediate data information in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a distributed cable temperature measurement and early warning device based on fiber optic sensing technology provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0060] The accompanying drawings illustrate specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0061] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0062] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0063] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a distributed cable temperature monitoring and early warning method based on fiber optic sensing technology, provided in an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is applicable to situations where distributed optical fibers are used for cable temperature detection and early warning. The method can be executed by a distributed cable temperature monitoring and early warning device based on fiber optic sensing technology provided in this embodiment. This device can be implemented in software and / or hardware, and is typically configured in electronic devices, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the distributed cable temperature monitoring and early warning method based on fiber optic sensing technology specifically includes the following steps:

[0064] S101. Extract temperature data information containing temperature information from the initial signal transmitted back from the distributed optical fiber.

[0065] In this embodiment of the invention, distributed optical fibers are pre-deployed along the extension direction of the cable on the surface or inside the cable to be tested. Initial signals are acquired using optical fiber sensing technology, and the initial signals are processed to extract temperature data information containing temperature information.

[0066] For example, fiber optic sensing technology includes, but is not limited to, high-precision pulse modulation technology, heterodyne detection technology for weak signals, and adaptive signal denoising algorithms. High-precision pulse modulation technology allows the fiber optic cable to adjust the pulse characteristics of the detection signal during signal detection, minimizing the impact of external noise. Heterodyne detection technology effectively amplifies and separates the detection signal, enabling accurate temperature measurement even under weak signal conditions. Adaptive signal denoising algorithms distinguish between genuine temperature change signals and random noise during signal detection, improving the accuracy of the analysis results.

[0067] For example, in some embodiments of the present invention, the initial signal is preprocessed by narrowband filtering, cumulative denoising, and coherent detection to obtain intermediate data information. The intermediate data information is then filtered according to signal type to obtain temperature data information.

[0068] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the noise ratio of the initial signal and intermediate data information in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown, the horizontal axis represents the detection time point in seconds, and the vertical axis represents the signal-to-noise ratio in decibels. Figure 2 The dashed line 1 in the diagram represents the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) waveform of the initial signal, and the solid line 2 represents the SNR waveform of the intermediate data. Through... Figure 2 The waveform diagram shows that the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the initial signal varies widely. Without preprocessing, the subsequent temperature data may be distorted, hindering cable temperature early warning. After preprocessing, the resulting SNR waveform not only exhibits a certain waveform regularity but also enhances the accuracy and reliability of the temperature data, thus contributing to real-time cable temperature monitoring.

[0069] After preprocessing to obtain intermediate data, this intermediate data is filtered according to signal type to obtain temperature data. Specifically, the types of intermediate data include, but are not limited to, temperature signal data, light intensity signal data, electrical signal data, time series data, and noise data. Therefore, it is necessary to filter the intermediate data according to signal type to obtain the temperature data.

[0070] S102. Extract the transmission characteristic information of the distributed optical fiber from the initial signal.

[0071] In this embodiment of the invention, the transmission characteristic information of the distributed optical fiber includes the maximum intensity of the Stokes light and the maximum intensity of the anti-Stokes light. For example, the initial signal records the light intensity of each returned light, including the intensity of the Stokes light and the intensity of the anti-Stokes light. The intensities of the Stokes light and the anti-Stokes light are extracted from the initial signal. The maximum intensity of the Stokes light is selected from the Stokes light intensities, and the maximum intensity of the anti-Stokes light is selected from the anti-Stokes light intensities. The maximum intensity of the Stokes light reflects the intensity of the thermal motion of the fiber molecules, while the intensity of the anti-Stokes light is typically lower because it depends on the transitions of fiber molecules from high-energy states to low-energy states.

[0072] S103. Calculate the precise measurement value of the optical fiber based on temperature data and transmission characteristic information.

[0073] In this embodiment of the invention, the precise measurement value of the optical fiber is calculated based on temperature data information and transmission characteristic information.

[0074] For example, in some embodiments of the present invention, step S103 above includes the following sub-steps:

[0075] 1. Calculate the optical fiber transmission evaluation factor of distributed optical fiber based on transmission characteristic information.

[0076] For example, the maximum intensity of the Stokes light during the fiber transmission period is compared with the maximum intensity of the anti-Stokes light to obtain the Raman intensity ratio during the fiber transmission period. This ratio is then compared with the Raman intensity reference ratio defined in the fiber optic sensing platform to obtain the fiber transmission evaluation factor. Specifically, the formula for calculating the fiber transmission evaluation factor is as follows:

[0077]

[0078] In the formula, C m The fiber transmission evaluation factor, SL, for the m-th distributed optical fiber. m Let ASL be the maximum intensity of the Stokes light in the m-th distributed optical fiber during the fiber transmission period. m Δl represents the maximum intensity of the anti-Stork light in the m-th distributed optical fiber during the optical fiber transmission period, β represents the preset Raman intensity reference ratio, and β represents the influence factor corresponding to the preset Raman intensity deviation ratio unit value in the optical fiber sensing platform.

[0079] As can be seen from the above formula, the greater the Raman intensity, the greater the optical fiber transmission evaluation factor, which indicates better optical fiber transmission performance. Therefore, by comparing the maximum intensity of the Stokes light with the maximum intensity of the anti-Stokes light, the transmission status during the optical fiber transmission process can be obtained in real time and accurately, providing an accurate basis for optical fiber transmission for subsequent comprehensive analysis of the precise values ​​of optical fiber measurements.

[0080] It should be noted that the influence factor corresponding to the unit value of the Raman intensity deviation ratio mentioned above represents the degree of influence of the unit change of the Raman intensity deviation ratio. The fitting curve corresponding to the Raman intensity deviation ratio can be obtained by fitting the Stokes light intensity and anti-Stokes light intensity of the optical fiber in historical data. Then, the real-time maximum Stokes light intensity and anti-Stokes light intensity are substituted into the fitting curve corresponding to the Raman intensity deviation ratio to obtain the influence factor corresponding to the unit value of the Raman intensity deviation ratio in this example. In this embodiment, the value range of β is (0.5, 0.8).

[0081] It's important to note that the aforementioned Stokes light in fiber optic sensing typically refers to secondary photons generated during Raman scattering. When laser photons interact with molecules, if energy is transferred to the molecules, increasing their vibrational energy, the molecules will transition to higher vibrational states and release lower-energy photons—this is Stokes light. The maximum intensity of Stokes light reflects the intensity of molecular thermal motion, as higher temperatures cause stronger molecular vibrations, resulting in more Stokes light. Anti-Stokes light, on the other hand, occurs when laser photons absorb energy from molecules rather than transfer it. The molecules then lower their vibrational state, releasing higher-energy photons. Anti-Stokes light typically has lower intensity because it relies on molecular transitions from high-energy to low-energy states, a process more common at low temperatures. The Raman intensity ratio, the ratio of Stokes light intensity to anti-Stokes light intensity, provides information about the molecular vibrational state. A higher Raman intensity ratio generally indicates a higher thermal state, while a lower ratio suggests a lower thermal state.

[0082] 2. Calculate the temperature data transmission evaluation factor of distributed optical fiber based on temperature data information.

[0083] For example, temperature data is transmitted to the processing equipment of a distributed temperature measurement fiber optic system via a fiber optic network. The time taken for the temperature data to be transmitted to the distributed temperature measurement fiber optic system is then counted and recorded as the data transmission cycle. The method for obtaining this cycle is as follows: the timestamp of the temperature data transmission is recorded synchronously. The temperature data is sent to the distributed temperature measurement fiber optic system via the fiber optic network. After the distributed temperature measurement fiber optic system receives the temperature data, it automatically records the time of receipt. By comparing the data transmission time and the data reception time, the total time from transmission to reception can be calculated. The total time of each temperature data point is then summed, and the final total duration is the data transmission cycle.

[0084] The system collects the echo duration of the optical fiber, the data transmission speed within the data transmission cycle, and the number of data transmission channels. The echo duration is the time difference between the emission and reception of a light pulse emitted by the light source and its return after encountering the cable area being measured. The data transmission speed can be measured using network performance monitoring software. The number of data transmission channels typically refers to the number of lines simultaneously transmitting data within the same network. Considering the multi-threaded processing capabilities within the distributed temperature measurement optical fiber system, the number of independent connections is determined by checking the wireless protocol pairing list, thus obtaining the number of data transmission channels. Data processing is performed to obtain the influence indicators of the echo duration, data transmission speed within the data transmission cycle, and data transmission channels for each optical fiber sensor. These are then summed to obtain the distributed optical fiber temperature data transmission evaluation factor. Specifically, the calculation formula for the temperature data transmission evaluation factor is as follows:

[0085] B m =B 1m +B 2m +B 3m ;

[0086]

[0087] Where B m The temperature data transmission evaluation factor for the m-th distributed optical fiber is given. Since optical fibers are easily affected by external environment and data storage capacity during data transmission, it is necessary to comprehensively consider factors influencing data transmission, including echo duration, data transmission speed, and the number of data transmission channels. Through data analysis, abnormal data transmission situations can be comprehensively identified, providing a more accurate data foundation for subsequent evaluation of cable temperature monitoring. Furthermore, in this example, quantifying echo duration, data transmission speed, and the number of data transmission channels makes the data transmission influencing factors more continuous, resulting in a real-time temperature data transmission evaluation factor that helps the optical fiber maintain consistent and intuitive data transmission performance.

[0088] B 1m B is the data echo duration impact index for the m-th distributed optical fiber. 2m Let B be the index affecting the data transmission speed of the m-th distributed optical fiber within the data transmission cycle. 3m This represents the data transmission channel impact index of the m-th distributed optical fiber during the data transmission cycle.

[0089] α1 is the correction factor for the echo duration preset in the fiber optic sensing platform. The fitting curve corresponding to the echo duration can be obtained by fitting the historical temperature change value of the fiber and the ambient temperature change value. Then, the real-time fiber temperature and ambient temperature are substituted into the fitting curve corresponding to the echo duration to obtain the correction factor corresponding to the echo duration in this example. The value range of α1 in this example is (0, 0.5).

[0090] α2 is the influence factor corresponding to the preset data transmission speed unit value in the fiber optic sensing platform. The fitting curve corresponding to the data transmission speed can be obtained by fitting the historical output power of the light source and the historical data flow of the fiber optic network. Then, by substituting the real-time output power and data flow into the fitting curve corresponding to the data transmission speed, the influence factor corresponding to the data transmission speed unit value in this example is obtained. The value range of α2 in this example is (0.2, 0.5).

[0091] α3 is the correction factor corresponding to the preset data transmission channel ratio in the fiber optic sensing platform. The fitting curve corresponding to the data transmission channel ratio can be obtained by fitting the historical transmission rate and historical signal strength of the data transmission channel. Then, the real-time transmission rate and signal strength are substituted into the fitting curve corresponding to the data transmission channel ratio to obtain the correction factor corresponding to the data transmission channel ratio in this example. The value range in this example is (0.1, 0.5).

[0092] RTD m The echo duration of the m-th distributed optical fiber refers to the total time it takes for an optical signal to travel from the light source into the optical fiber, through reflection, refraction, and propagation within the fiber, and then back to the detection point.

[0093] ΔRTD is the echo reference duration stored in the fiber optic sensing platform.

[0094] ABR m The data transmission speed of the m-th distributed optical fiber within the data transmission cycle refers to the average transmission speed of the probe data within the data transmission cycle.

[0095] DTCH m Let ΔDTCH be the number of data transmission channels of the m-th distributed optical fiber during the data transmission cycle, ΔDTCH be the preset number of data transmission channels stored in the optical fiber sensing platform, and ΔT be the reference ratio of data transmission channels stored in the optical fiber sensing platform.

[0096] 3. Calculate the sum of the fiber optic transmission evaluation factor and the temperature data transmission evaluation factor to obtain the accurate value of fiber optic measurement.

[0097] In this embodiment of the invention, the sum of the optical fiber transmission evaluation factor and the temperature data transmission evaluation factor is calculated to obtain the accurate value of the optical fiber measurement.

[0098] S104. Locate the temperature measurement adaptation range that matches the accurate measurement value of the optical fiber from the optical fiber sensing platform.

[0099] In some embodiments of the present invention, the fiber optic measurement accuracy value range to which the fiber optic measurement accuracy value belongs is searched from the fiber optic sensing platform, and the temperature measurement adaptation range that matches the fiber optic measurement accuracy value range is searched from the fiber optic sensing platform.

[0100] For example, the fiber optic measurement accuracy ranges defined in the fiber optic sensing platform are set into three ranges: a first fiber optic measurement accuracy range with a value range of (0, 0.5), a second fiber optic measurement accuracy range with a value range of [0.5, 0.9], and all other values ​​belonging to the third fiber optic measurement accuracy range. Similarly, the matching temperature measurement adaptation range is also divided into three ranges: a first temperature measurement adaptation range with a value range of (40 degrees Celsius, 50 degrees Celsius), a second temperature measurement adaptation range with a value range of [50 degrees Celsius, 60 degrees Celsius], and all other values ​​belonging to the third temperature measurement adaptation range. If the calculated fiber optic measurement accuracy value is 0.5, it belongs to the second fiber optic measurement accuracy range, and the fiber is also matched to belong to the second temperature measurement adaptation range.

[0101] S105. Determine whether the preset reference value for the normal operating temperature of the cable is within the temperature measurement adaptation range.

[0102] The reference value for the normal operating temperature of the cable is obtained through statistical methods based on historical temperature data from fiber optic sensors. In this embodiment of the invention, it is determined whether the preset reference value for the normal operating temperature of the cable is within the temperature measurement adaptation range.

[0103] S106. When the reference value of the normal operating temperature of the cable is within the temperature measurement adaptation range, calculate the scattering position corresponding to the temperature data information and record the scattering position as the target scattering point.

[0104] When the reference temperature of the cable during normal operation is within the temperature measurement adaptation range, the scattering position corresponding to the temperature data is calculated. This scattering position is the location where Raman scattering occurs, and it is recorded as the target scattering point. Specifically, the scattering position can be calculated by the transmission time of the temperature data in the light, which will not be elaborated further in this embodiment of the invention.

[0105] S107, Count the number of target scattering points.

[0106] In this embodiment of the invention, the number of all target scattering points is counted.

[0107] S108. Determine the corresponding temperature warning strategy based on the number of target scattering points.

[0108] In this embodiment of the invention, when the number of target scattering points is less than a first threshold A1, a constant temperature mode is entered. In this mode, an alarm is triggered when the monitored temperature exceeds the constant temperature alarm value. When the number of target scattering points is greater than or equal to the first threshold A1 and less than or equal to the second threshold A2, a temperature rise mode is entered. In this mode, an alarm is triggered when the monitored temperature rise exceeds the temperature rise alarm value. When the number of target scattering points is greater than the second threshold A2 and less than or equal to the third threshold A3, a temperature difference mode is entered. In this mode, an alarm is triggered when the difference between the highest and average temperatures exceeds the temperature difference alarm value.

[0109] For example, the first threshold for cable scattering points is set to 20, the second threshold to 40, and the third threshold to 50. By changing the number of cable scattering points, the warning mode for the cable under test will change accordingly. The distributed temperature measurement fiber optic system supports three alarm modes: constant temperature, temperature rise, and temperature difference. Constant temperature alarm: After enabling the constant temperature alarm, a zone-specific constant temperature alarm value can be set. When the monitored temperature exceeds the constant temperature alarm value, an alarm is triggered. Temperature rise alarm: After enabling the temperature rise alarm, a zone-specific temperature rise alarm value can be set. When the monitored temperature rise change exceeds the temperature rise alarm value, an alarm is triggered. Temperature difference alarm: After enabling the temperature difference alarm, a zone-specific temperature difference alarm value can be set. When the difference between the highest and average temperatures exceeds the temperature difference alarm value, an alarm is triggered. Specifically, temperature can be calculated from temperature data. The principle of distributed fiber optic temperature measurement is based on the Raman scattering principle of optical fiber. When the temperature changes at a certain point in the optical fiber, the scattered light is affected. Through high-speed signal acquisition and data processing technology, the location of the disturbance can be accurately located and the real-time temperature can be given.

[0110] The distributed cable temperature measurement and early warning method based on fiber optic sensing technology provided in this invention extracts temperature data information containing temperature information from the initial signal transmitted back by the distributed optical fiber, extracts the transmission characteristic information of the distributed optical fiber from the initial signal, calculates the accurate measurement value of the optical fiber based on the temperature data information and the transmission characteristic information, searches for a temperature measurement adaptation range matching the accurate measurement value of the optical fiber from the optical fiber sensing platform, determines whether the preset reference value of the normal operating temperature of the cable is within the temperature measurement adaptation range, and when the reference value of the normal operating temperature of the cable is within the temperature measurement adaptation range, calculates the scattering position corresponding to the temperature data information and records the scattering position as the target scattering point, counts the number of target scattering points, and determines the corresponding temperature early warning strategy based on the number of target scattering points. This invention calculates the accurate measurement value of the optical fiber through temperature data information and transmission characteristic information, matches the temperature measurement adaptation range, compares the temperature measurement adaptation range with the set reference value of the normal operating temperature of the cable, and thus counts the number of scattering points, ensuring that the early warning mode executed by the cable under test is not affected by the external environment, so as to achieve a more accurate temperature early warning for the cable under test.

[0111] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a distributed cable temperature monitoring and early warning device based on fiber optic sensing technology is provided for an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 3 As shown, the distributed cable temperature monitoring and early warning device based on fiber optic sensing technology includes:

[0112] Temperature data information extraction module 201 is used to extract temperature data information containing temperature information from the initial signal transmitted back by distributed optical fiber.

[0113] The transmission feature information extraction module 202 is used to extract the transmission feature information of the distributed optical fiber from the initial signal;

[0114] The precision value calculation module 203 is used to calculate the precision value of the optical fiber measurement based on the temperature data information and the transmission characteristic information;

[0115] The adaptation range lookup module 204 is used to find the temperature measurement adaptation range that matches the accurate measurement value of the optical fiber from the optical fiber sensing platform.

[0116] The judgment module 205 is used to determine whether the preset reference value of the normal operating temperature of the cable is within the temperature measurement adaptation range;

[0117] The target scattering point determination module 206 is used to calculate the scattering position corresponding to the temperature data information when the reference value of the normal operating temperature of the cable is within the temperature measurement adaptation range, and to record the scattering position as the target scattering point;

[0118] The quantity statistics module 207 is used to count the number of target scattering points;

[0119] The early warning module 208 is used to determine the corresponding temperature early warning strategy based on the number of target scattering points.

[0120] In some embodiments of the present invention, the temperature data information extraction module 201 includes:

[0121] The preprocessing submodule is used to perform preprocessing operations such as narrowband filtering, cumulative noise reduction, and coherent detection on the initial signal to obtain intermediate data information;

[0122] The data filtering submodule is used to filter the intermediate data information according to the signal type to obtain temperature data information.

[0123] In some embodiments of the present invention, the transmission characteristic information of the distributed optical fiber includes the maximum intensity of the Stokes light and the maximum intensity of the anti-Stokes light, and the transmission characteristic information extraction module 202 includes:

[0124] An intensity extraction submodule is used to extract the intensity of the Stokes light and the intensity of the anti-Stokes light from the initial signal;

[0125] The first screening submodule is used to screen out the maximum intensity of the Stock light from the intensities of the Stock light;

[0126] The second screening submodule is used to screen out the maximum intensity of the anti-Stokes light from the anti-Stokes light intensities.

[0127] In some embodiments of the present invention, the precise value calculation module 203 includes:

[0128] The first calculation submodule is used to calculate the optical fiber transmission evaluation factor of the distributed optical fiber based on the transmission characteristic information.

[0129] The second calculation submodule is used to calculate the temperature data transmission evaluation factor of the distributed optical fiber based on the temperature data information.

[0130] The summation submodule is used to calculate the sum of the optical fiber transmission evaluation factor and the temperature data transmission evaluation factor to obtain the accurate value of the optical fiber measurement.

[0131] In some embodiments of the present invention, the transmission characteristic information of the distributed optical fiber includes the maximum intensity of the Stokes light and the maximum intensity of the anti-Stokes light, and the calculation formula for the optical fiber transmission evaluation factor of the distributed optical fiber is as follows:

[0132]

[0133] In the formula, C m The fiber transmission evaluation factor, SL, for the m-th distributed optical fiber. m Let ASL be the maximum intensity of the Stokes light in the m-th distributed optical fiber during the fiber transmission period. m Δl represents the maximum intensity of the anti-Stork light in the m-th distributed optical fiber during the optical fiber transmission period, β represents the preset Raman intensity reference ratio, and β represents the influence factor corresponding to the preset Raman intensity deviation ratio unit value in the optical fiber sensing platform.

[0134] In some embodiments of the present invention, the calculation formula for the temperature data transmission evaluation factor of the distributed optical fiber is as follows:

[0135] B m =B 1m +B 2m +B 3m ;

[0136]

[0137] Where B m B is the evaluation factor for temperature data transmission in the m-th distributed optical fiber.1m B is the data echo duration impact index for the m-th distributed optical fiber. 2m Let B be the index affecting the data transmission speed of the m-th distributed optical fiber within the data transmission cycle. 3m Let α1 be the correction factor corresponding to the preset echo duration in the fiber optic sensing platform, α2 be the influence factor corresponding to the preset data transmission speed per unit value in the fiber optic sensing platform, and α3 be the correction factor corresponding to the preset data transmission channel ratio in the fiber optic sensing platform. RTD m Let be the echo duration of the m-th distributed optical fiber, ΔRTD be the echo reference duration stored in the optical fiber sensing platform, and ABR be the echo duration. m Let DTCH be the data transmission speed of the m-th distributed optical fiber during the data transmission cycle. m Let ΔDTCH be the number of data transmission channels of the m-th distributed optical fiber during the data transmission cycle, ΔDTCH be the preset number of data transmission channels stored in the optical fiber sensing platform, and ΔT be the reference ratio of data transmission channels stored in the optical fiber sensing platform.

[0138] In some embodiments of the present invention, the adaptation interval lookup module 204 includes:

[0139] The first search submodule is used to search the fiber optic measurement accuracy value range to which the fiber optic measurement accuracy value belongs from the fiber optic sensing platform;

[0140] The second search submodule is used to search for the temperature measurement adaptation range that matches the fiber optic measurement accuracy range from the fiber optic sensing platform.

[0141] In some embodiments of the present invention, the early warning module 208 includes:

[0142] The first early warning submodule is used to enter a constant temperature mode when the number of target scattering points is less than a first threshold. In the constant temperature mode, an alarm is triggered when the monitored temperature exceeds the constant temperature alarm value.

[0143] The second early warning submodule is used to enter the temperature rise mode when the number of target scattering points is greater than or equal to the first threshold and less than or equal to the second threshold. In the temperature rise mode, an alarm is triggered when the monitored temperature rise exceeds the temperature rise alarm value.

[0144] The third early warning submodule is used to enter the temperature difference mode when the number of target scattering points is greater than the second threshold and less than or equal to the third threshold. In the temperature difference mode, an alarm is triggered when the difference between the highest temperature and the average temperature exceeds the temperature difference alarm value.

[0145] The aforementioned distributed cable temperature measurement and early warning device based on fiber optic sensing technology can execute the distributed cable temperature measurement and early warning method based on fiber optic sensing technology provided in the embodiments of the present invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of executing the distributed cable temperature measurement and early warning method based on fiber optic sensing technology.

[0146] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided for an embodiment of the present invention. The electronic device is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The electronic device can also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processors, cellular phones, smartphones, wearable devices (such as helmets, glasses, watches, etc.), and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the implementation of the invention described and / or claimed herein.

[0147] like Figure 4 As shown, the electronic device includes at least one processor 11 and a memory, such as a read-only memory (ROM) 12 or a random access memory (RAM) 13, communicatively connected to the at least one processor 11. The memory stores computer programs executable by the at least one processor. The processor 11 can perform various appropriate actions and processes based on the computer program stored in the ROM 12 or loaded into the RAM 13 from storage unit 18. The RAM 13 can also store various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device. The processor 11, ROM 12, and RAM 13 are interconnected via a bus 14. An input / output (I / O) interface 15 is also connected to the bus 14.

[0148] Multiple components in the electronic device are connected to the I / O interface 15, including: an input unit 16, such as a keyboard, mouse, etc.; an output unit 17, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; a storage unit 18, such as a disk, optical disk, etc.; and a communication unit 19, such as a network card, modem, wireless transceiver, etc. The communication unit 19 allows the electronic device to exchange information / data with other devices through computer networks such as the Internet and / or various telecommunications networks.

[0149] Processor 11 can be a variety of general-purpose and / or special-purpose processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of processor 11 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various special-purpose artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various processors running machine learning model algorithms, a digital signal processor (DSP), and any suitable processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. Processor 11 performs the various methods and processes described above, such as a distributed cable temperature measurement and early warning method based on fiber optic sensing technology.

[0150] In some embodiments, the distributed cable temperature monitoring and early warning method based on fiber optic sensing technology can be implemented as a computer program tangibly contained in a computer-readable storage medium, such as storage unit 18. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program can be loaded and / or installed on an electronic device via ROM 12 and / or communication unit 19. When the computer program is loaded into RAM 13 and executed by processor 11, one or more steps of the distributed cable temperature monitoring and early warning method based on fiber optic sensing technology described above can be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, processor 11 can be configured to perform the distributed cable temperature monitoring and early warning method based on fiber optic sensing technology by any other suitable means (e.g., by means of firmware).

[0151] Various embodiments of the systems and techniques described above herein can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application-specific standard products (ASSPs), systems-on-a-chip (SoCs), payload-programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various embodiments may include implementations in one or more computer programs that can be executed and / or interpreted on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which may be a dedicated or general-purpose programmable processor, capable of receiving data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmitting data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0152] Computer programs for implementing the methods of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs may be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, such that when the computer program is executed by the processor, the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams are implemented. The computer program may be executed entirely on the machine, partially on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partially on the machine and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0153] In the context of this invention, a computer-readable storage medium can be a tangible medium that may contain or store a computer program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. A computer-readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, apparatus, or devices, or any suitable combination thereof. Alternatively, a computer-readable storage medium may be a machine-readable signal medium. More specific examples of machine-readable storage media include electrical connections based on one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fibers, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0154] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented on an electronic device having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user; and a keyboard and pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user can provide input to the electronic device. Other types of devices can also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, the feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form (including acoustic input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0155] The systems and techniques described herein can be implemented in a computing system that includes back-end components (e.g., as a data server), or a computing system that includes middleware components (e.g., an application server), or a computing system that includes front-end components (e.g., a user computer with a graphical user interface or web browser through which a user can interact with implementations of the systems and techniques described herein), or a computing system that includes any combination of such back-end components, middleware components, or front-end components. The components of the system can be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include: a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a blockchain network, and the Internet.

[0156] A computing system may include clients and servers. The clients and servers are typically remote from each other and typically interact via a communication network. This client-server relationship arises through computer programs running on the respective computers, creating a client-server relationship. The server may be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or cloud host. This server is a hosting product within the cloud computing service ecosystem that addresses the management difficulties and limited scalability of traditional physical hosting and VPS services.

[0157] This invention also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the distributed cable temperature measurement and early warning method based on fiber optic sensing technology as provided in any embodiment of this application.

[0158] In implementing the computer program product, computer program code for performing the operations of this invention can be written in one or more programming languages ​​or a combination thereof. Programming languages ​​include object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java, Smalltalk, and C++, as well as conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as C or similar languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In cases involving remote computers, the remote computer can be connected to the user's computer via any type of network—including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN)—or can be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0159] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used, with steps reordered, added, or deleted. For example, the steps described in this invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution of this invention can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.

[0160] The above specific embodiments do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions may be made based on design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A distributed cable temperature measurement and early warning method based on fiber optic sensing technology, characterized in that, include: Extract temperature data containing temperature information from the initial signal transmitted back from the distributed optical fiber; Extract the transmission characteristic information of the distributed optical fiber from the initial signal; The precise value of the optical fiber measurement is calculated based on the temperature data and the transmission characteristic information. Locate the temperature measurement adaptation range that matches the precise measurement value of the optical fiber from the optical fiber sensing platform; Determine whether the preset reference value for the normal operating temperature of the cable is within the temperature measurement adaptation range; When the reference value of the normal operating temperature of the cable is within the temperature measurement adaptation range, the scattering position corresponding to the temperature data information is calculated, and the scattering position is recorded as the target scattering point. Count the number of target scattering points; The corresponding temperature warning strategy is determined based on the number of target scattering points; The transmission characteristic information of the distributed optical fiber includes the maximum intensity of the Stokes light and the maximum intensity of the anti-Stokes light. Extracting the transmission characteristic information of the distributed optical fiber from the initial signal includes: The intensity of the Stokes light and the intensity of the anti-Stokes light are extracted from the initial signal; The maximum intensity of the Stokes light is selected from the intensities of the Stokes light. The maximum intensity of the anti-Stokes light is selected from the intensity of the anti-Stokes light; Calculating the precise measurement value of the optical fiber based on the temperature data and the transmission characteristic information includes: The optical fiber transmission evaluation factor of the distributed optical fiber is calculated based on the transmission characteristic information. Calculate the temperature data transmission evaluation factor of the distributed optical fiber based on the temperature data information; The sum of the optical fiber transmission evaluation factor and the temperature data transmission evaluation factor is calculated to obtain the accurate value of the optical fiber measurement; The transmission characteristic information of the distributed optical fiber includes the maximum intensity of the Stokes light and the maximum intensity of the anti-Stokes light. The calculation formula for the optical fiber transmission evaluation factor of the distributed optical fiber is as follows: In the formula, C m The fiber transmission evaluation factor, SL, for the m-th distributed optical fiber. m Let ASL be the maximum intensity of the Stokes light in the m-th distributed optical fiber during the fiber transmission period. m Δl is the maximum intensity of the anti-Stork light in the m-th distributed optical fiber during the optical fiber transmission period, β is the preset Raman intensity reference ratio, and β is the influence factor corresponding to the unit value of the preset Raman intensity deviation ratio in the optical fiber sensing platform. The calculation formula for the temperature data transmission evaluation factor of the distributed optical fiber is as follows: B m =B 1m +B 2m +B 3m ; Where B m B is the evaluation factor for temperature data transmission in the m-th distributed optical fiber. 1m B is the data echo duration impact index for the m-th distributed optical fiber. 2m Let B be the index affecting the data transmission speed of the m-th distributed optical fiber within the data transmission cycle. 3m Let α1 be the correction factor corresponding to the preset echo duration in the fiber optic sensing platform, α2 be the influence factor corresponding to the preset data transmission speed per unit value in the fiber optic sensing platform, and α3 be the correction factor corresponding to the preset data transmission channel ratio in the fiber optic sensing platform. RTD m Let be the echo duration of the m-th distributed optical fiber, ΔRTD be the echo reference duration stored in the optical fiber sensing platform, and ABR be the echo duration. m Let DTCH be the data transmission speed of the m-th distributed optical fiber during the data transmission cycle. m Let ΔDTCH be the number of data transmission channels of the m-th distributed optical fiber during the data transmission cycle, ΔDTCH be the preset number of data transmission channels stored in the optical fiber sensing platform, and ΔT be the reference ratio of data transmission channels stored in the optical fiber sensing platform.

2. The distributed cable temperature measurement and early warning method based on fiber optic sensing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, Temperature data containing temperature information is extracted from the initial signal transmitted back through distributed optical fibers, including: The initial signal is preprocessed by narrowband filtering, cumulative denoising, and coherent detection to obtain intermediate data information; The intermediate data information is filtered according to signal type to obtain temperature data information.

3. The distributed cable temperature measurement and early warning method based on fiber optic sensing technology according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, The temperature measurement adaptation range that matches the accurate measurement value of the optical fiber is located in the optical fiber sensing platform, including: Locate the fiber optic measurement accuracy range to which the fiber optic measurement accuracy value belongs from the fiber optic sensing platform; Find the temperature measurement adaptation range that matches the fiber optic measurement accuracy range in the fiber optic sensing platform.

4. The distributed cable temperature measurement and early warning method based on fiber optic sensing technology according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, Determine the corresponding temperature warning strategy based on the number of target scattering points, including: When the number of target scattering points is less than a first threshold, the system enters a constant temperature mode. In this constant temperature mode, an alarm is triggered when the monitored temperature exceeds the constant temperature alarm value. When the number of target scattering points is greater than or equal to a first threshold and less than or equal to a second threshold, the system enters a temperature rise mode. In this temperature rise mode, an alarm is triggered when the monitored temperature rise exceeds the temperature rise alarm value. When the number of target scattering points is greater than the second threshold and less than or equal to the third threshold, the temperature difference mode is entered. In the temperature difference mode, when the difference between the highest temperature and the average temperature exceeds the temperature difference alarm value, an alarm is triggered.

5. A distributed cable temperature monitoring and early warning device based on fiber optic sensing technology, characterized in that, The method for performing distributed cable temperature measurement and early warning based on fiber optic sensing technology as described in any one of claims 1-4 includes: The temperature data information extraction module is used to extract temperature data information containing temperature information from the initial signal transmitted back by the distributed optical fiber. A transmission feature information extraction module is used to extract the transmission feature information of the distributed optical fiber from the initial signal; The precision value calculation module is used to calculate the precise value of the optical fiber measurement based on the temperature data information and the transmission characteristic information. The matching range lookup module is used to find the temperature measurement matching range that matches the accurate measurement value of the optical fiber from the optical fiber sensing platform; The judgment module is used to determine whether the preset reference value for the normal operating temperature of the cable is within the temperature measurement adaptation range; The target scattering point determination module is used to calculate the scattering position corresponding to the temperature data information when the reference value of the normal operating temperature of the cable is within the temperature measurement adaptation range, and to record the scattering position as the target scattering point; The quantity statistics module is used to count the number of target scattering points; The early warning module is used to determine the corresponding temperature early warning strategy based on the number of target scattering points.

6. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: one or more processors; a storage device for storing one or more programs; When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the distributed cable temperature measurement and early warning method based on fiber optic sensing technology as described in any one of claims 1-4.

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