Adjustable positioning clamp

Abstract

The invention provides an adjustable positioning clamp. The adjustable positioning clamp comprises a center positioning device 1 and a supporting positioning device 2. The center positioner 1 comprises an adjusting screw 101, a taper mandrel 102, a lower pressing sleeve 103, a pre-tightening sealing ring 104, a ball sleeve 105, a supporting ball 106, a conical positioning block 107, an upper pressing sleeve 108, a rotating ball 109, a ball limiting disc 110, a transition pressing plate 111 and a nut 112. The supporting positioner 2 comprises a supporting positioning cylinder 201, a locking screw 202 and a tensioning screw 203. All parts are connected in series through the adjusting screw rod 101, all the parts are tightly pulled and attached together through the threads of the taper mandrel 102 and the nut 112, and the threads on the adjusting screw rod 101 are matched with the threads of the taper mandrel 102, screwed in and screwed out of the control center positioner 1. According to the technical scheme, the influence of non-uniform hole size change after heat treatment can be eliminated, alignment is rapid, and equipment is not occupied as much as possible.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical processing, and in particular relates to an adjustable positioning fixture. Background Art

[0002] At present, the fine machining (fine grinding or fine turning) of blind holes of square parts is generally carried out after heat treatment. It is mostly clamped by a four-jaw chuck at one end and a positioning plate at the other end to support the center frame. After the positioning plate is installed on the end face, it needs to be aligned before it can be locked to support the center frame. Otherwise, the concentricity is not good enough, resulting in the part wobbling when the spindle rotates, the roundness of the processed hole is poor, and the form and position tolerances related to other structures are destroyed.

[0003] Among them, due to the influence of the accuracy of the previous processing of the part shape, the degree of deformation of the hole heat treatment and the large size of the parts, alignment is more difficult and requires a high level of operator skills. Moreover, alignment can only be performed on the equipment, which occupies equipment, is inefficient, and the quality is difficult to guarantee.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide an adjustable positioning fixture that can eliminate the impact of uneven hole size changes after heat treatment, quickly align, and minimize equipment usage has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiment of the present invention provides an adjustable positioning fixture, which can eliminate the influence of non-uniform hole size changes after heat treatment, quickly align, and occupy as little equipment as possible.

[0006] In an embodiment of the present invention, an adjustable positioning fixture is provided, including: a center positioner 1 and a support positioner 2. The center positioner 1 includes an adjusting screw 101, a tapered spindle 102, a lower pressure sleeve 103, a pre-tightening seal ring 104, a ball sleeve 105, a supporting ball 106, a tapered positioning block 107, an upper pressure sleeve 108, a rotating ball 109, a ball limit plate 110, a transition pressure plate 111, and a nut 112; the support positioner 2 includes a support positioning cylinder 201, a locking screw 202, and a tightening screw 203.

[0007] The adjusting screw 101 connects the parts in series, and the parts are pulled together tightly by the thread of the tapered spindle 102 and the nut 112. The thread on the adjusting screw 101 cooperates with the thread of the tapered spindle 102 to screw in and out the control center positioner 1.

[0008] Furthermore, the tapered spindle 102 is provided with a tapered outer circle, three positioning outer circles, a threaded hole, a mounting countersunk hole and four limit grooves. The tapered outer circle is used to support the bearing ball 106 to roll or slide on it so as to push the tapered positioning block 107 radially to change the overall positioning size of the locator 1. The positioning outer circle 1 cooperates with the guide hole of the supporting positioning cylinder 201 to position the part hole at the center of the fixture. The positioning outer circle 2 and the positioning outer circle 3 are used for guiding with the upper pressure sleeve 108 and the lower pressure sleeve 103. The mounting countersunk hole is used to install the transition pressure plate 111, the ball sleeve 105 and the lower pressure sleeve 103. The limit buckle of the lower pressure sleeve 103 passes through the four limit grooves of the tapered spindle. The threaded hole is provided with an adjusting screw 101, and the adjusting screw 101 has a thread to cooperate with it to screw in and out.

[0009] Furthermore, the lower pressure sleeve 103 is provided with a positioning hole, 4 limiting buckles and 4 limiting grooves. The positioning hole cooperates with the positioning outer circle of the tapered spindle, and the limiting buckle cooperates with the 4 limiting grooves of the tapered spindle 102 to limit rotation. The limiting groove and the conical positioning block 107 have a small clearance.

[0010] Furthermore, the limiting seal ring 104 is installed in the annular groove of the conical positioning block, and is used to tighten the conical positioning block 107 to fit on the supporting ball 106.

[0011] The inner and outer surfaces of the ball sleeve 105 are inclined surfaces with the same taper as the tapered spindle 102, and are clearance-matched with the tapered spindle 102. A plurality of ball holes evenly distributed along the circumferential direction are provided, and the supporting balls 106 are installed in the holes.

[0012] Furthermore, the upper and lower surfaces of the conical positioning block 107 (ie, the surface in contact with the steel ball and the outer surface) are arc-shaped, and the inner arc surface is a conical surface with an annular groove.

[0013] The ball limiting plate 110 is provided with a plurality of through holes evenly distributed along the circumferential direction for mounting the rotating balls 109 to eliminate the circumferential force when adjusting the size of the center locator 1 .

[0014] Furthermore, the upper pressure sleeve 108 is similar to the lower pressure sleeve 103, including a positioning hole and four limiting grooves. The positioning hole and the limiting groove have the same function as the lower pressure sleeve 103. Both ends are ground parallel to reduce friction while transmitting force evenly and accurately.

[0015] Furthermore, there are three transition pressure plates 111, one between the ball limit plate 110 and the nut 112, and two on both sides of the ball limit plate 110 close to the lower pressure sleeve 103. Both ends are ground parallel to reduce friction while transmitting force evenly and accurately.

[0016] Further, the support positioning cylinder 201 includes: a guide hole, two positioning outer circles, 8 screw holes evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, and 5 screw holes on the end surface;

[0017] The guide hole is matched with the positioning outer circle of the tapered spindle 102, and the two positioning outer circles are concentric with the guide hole, one of which is used for clamping on the chuck, and the other is used for supporting the center frame;

[0018] The eight screw holes in the circumferential direction are used to install the locking screws 202, and the five screw holes on the end surface are used to install the tensioning screws 203. The guide hole supporting the positioning cylinder 201 and the positioning outer circle size of the tapered spindle 102 are both larger than the positioning hole of the part to be processed.

[0019] Furthermore, after the center locator 1 is matched with the hole of the part to be positioned, the tapered mandrel 102 of the center locator 1 is positioned along the guide hole to install the outer circle to achieve the center positioning of the part on the entire fixture;

[0020] The locking screw 202 is evenly pressed on the processing part, and the tensioning screw 203 is screwed into the threaded hole of the processing part to tighten it, so that the part is fixed. The entire fixture is installed in the processing equipment, the center locator 1 is taken out, and processing can begin.

[0021] The beneficial effects brought by the present invention are as follows:

[0022] It can be seen from the above scheme that an embodiment of the present invention provides an adjustable positioning fixture, including: a center locator 1 and a support locator 2. The center locator 1 includes an adjusting screw 101, a tapered spindle 102, a lower pressure sleeve 103, a pre-tightening seal ring 104, a ball sleeve 105, a supporting ball 106, a tapered positioning block 107, an upper pressure sleeve 108, a rotating ball 109, a ball limit plate 110, a transition pressure plate 111, and a nut 112; the support locator 2 includes a support positioning cylinder 201, a locking screw 202, and a tightening screw 203. The adjusting screw 101 connects the various parts in series, and the various parts are tightened and fitted together through the thread of the tapered spindle 102 and the nut 112. The thread on the adjusting screw 101 cooperates with the thread of the tapered spindle 102 to screw in and out the control center locator 1. The technical solution of the present invention can eliminate the influence of the non-uniform change of the hole size after heat treatment, and can be quickly aligned without occupying equipment as much as possible. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the structure of an adjustable positioning fixture according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the structure of a center locator of an adjustable locating fixture according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the structure of a support locator of an adjustable positioning fixture according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the structure of a tapered mandrel of an adjustable positioning fixture according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the structure of a lower pressing sleeve of an adjustable positioning fixture according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] In the figure, 1 is a valve body; 2 is a valve core; 3, 5, 8, 10 are sealing rings; 4 is an oil return block; 6 is a spring; 7 is a fixing nut; 9 is a spring seat; 101 is a second air inlet hole; 102 is an oil inlet hole; 103 is a throttle hole; 104 is a first-level hole; 105 is a first cone surface; 106 is a second-level hole; 107 is a second oil outlet hole; 108 is a third oil outlet hole; 109 is a third-level hole; 110 is a fourth-level hole; 111 is a fifth-level hole; 112 is a nut mounting portion; 113 is a first sink; 114, 116, 118 are positioning outer circles ; 115 is the second sink groove; 117 is the oil return groove; 119 is the third sink groove; 120 is the air inlet; 121 is the first air inlet hole; 122 is the first leakage oil return hole; 123 is the second leakage oil return hole; 201 is the guide part; 202 is the first bevel; 203 is the first-level outer circle; 204 is the second conical surface; 205 is the second-level outer circle; 206 is the third-level outer circle; 207 is the first oil outlet hole; 208 is the fourth-level outer circle; 209 is the sealing groove; 210 is the annular groove; 401 is the positioning hole; 402 is the fourth oil outlet hole; 403 is the oil outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] The technical solution of the present invention provides a positioning fixture, which is used for alignment of blind holes (the original holes have been processed with allowances left for finishing) after heat treatment of square parts.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 Schematic diagram of an adjustable positioning fixture structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the structure of a center locator of an adjustable positioning fixture according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the structure of a support locator of an adjustable positioning fixture according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 4A schematic diagram showing the structure of a tapered mandrel of an adjustable positioning fixture according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a lower pressing sleeve of an adjustable positioning fixture according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0032] In the figure, an adjustable positioning fixture includes: a center positioner 1 and a support positioner 2. The center positioner 1 includes an adjusting screw 101, a tapered spindle 102, a lower pressure sleeve 103, a pre-tightening seal ring 104, a ball sleeve 105, a supporting ball 106, a tapered positioning block 107, an upper pressure sleeve 108, a rotating ball 109, a ball limit plate 110, a transition pressure plate 111, and a nut 112; the support positioner 2 includes a support positioning cylinder 201, a locking screw 202, and a tightening screw 203.

[0033] The adjusting screw 101 connects the parts in series, and the parts are pulled together tightly by the thread of the tapered spindle 102 and the nut 112. The thread on the adjusting screw 101 cooperates with the thread of the tapered spindle 102 to screw in and out the control center positioner 1.

[0034] In one embodiment of the present invention, the tapered spindle 102 is provided with a tapered outer circle, three positioning outer circles, one threaded hole, a mounting countersunk hole and four limit grooves. The tapered outer circle is used to support the supporting ball 106 to roll or slide on it so as to push the tapered positioning block 107 radially to change the overall positioning size of the locator 1. The positioning outer circle 1 cooperates with the guide hole of the supporting positioning cylinder 201 to position the part hole at the center of the fixture. The positioning outer circle 2 and the positioning outer circle 3 are used for guiding with the upper pressure sleeve 108 and the lower pressure sleeve 103. The mounting countersunk hole is used to install the transition pressure plate 111, the ball sleeve 105 and the lower pressure sleeve 103. The limit buckle of the lower pressure sleeve 103 passes through the four limit grooves of the tapered spindle. The threaded hole is provided with an adjusting screw 101, and the adjusting screw 101 has a thread that cooperates with it to screw in and out.

[0035] The adjustment method of this positioner does not require too much force to adjust. The strength requirement can be met by using fine pitch threads, and the fit is relatively precise, with high adjustment accuracy. The one near the other end is a coarse pitch thread. All parts of the center positioner 1 are between the adjusting screw 101 and the nut 112. Before use, first tighten the parts and then screw into the tapered spindle 102. When the adjusting screw 101 is screwed in and out of the tapered spindle 102 through the fine pitch thread to control the size of the center positioner, all parts except the spindle follow the adjusting screw to move axially, thereby realizing free adjustment of the size, which can be expanded or reduced.

[0036] In one embodiment of the present invention, the lower pressure sleeve 103 is provided with 1 positioning hole, 4 limiting buckles and 4 limiting grooves. The positioning hole cooperates with the positioning outer circle of the tapered mandrel, and the limiting buckle cooperates with the 4 limiting grooves of the tapered mandrel 102 to limit the rotation. The limiting groove and the conical positioning block 107 have a small matching clearance. The movement of the conical positioning block is controlled and when the adjusting screw rotates counterclockwise (that is, when the size of the center locator 1 shrinks), the various components do not rotate with it, but only move in the axial direction. Both ends of the lower pressure sleeve 103 are ground parallel to reduce friction while transmitting force evenly and accurately.

[0037] In one embodiment of the present invention, the limiting seal ring 104 is installed in the annular groove of the conical positioning block, and is used to tighten the conical positioning block 107 to fit on the supporting ball 106, thereby playing the role of installation limitation.

[0038] In the embodiment of the present invention, the limiting sealing ring 104 is installed in the annular groove of the conical positioning block 107, and can be made of or modified with elastic materials such as O-rings. Whenever the supporting ball 106 moves axially on the tapered spindle 102, the limiting sealing ring 104 can expand or shrink accordingly, and is used to tighten the conical positioning block 107 to fit on the supporting ball 106, and also plays the role of installation limit.

[0039] The inner and outer surfaces of the ball sleeve 105 are inclined surfaces with the same taper as the tapered spindle 102, and are clearance-matched with the tapered spindle 102. There are several ball holes evenly distributed along the circumference, and the supporting balls 106 are installed in the holes. The two end surfaces are required to be ground parallel, and the transmission force is uniform and the direction is accurate.

[0040] In one embodiment of the present invention, the upper and lower surfaces of the conical positioning block 107 (ie, the surface in contact with the steel ball and the outer surface) are arc-shaped, and the inner arc surface is a conical surface with an annular groove structure.

[0041] The ball limiting plate 110 is provided with a plurality of through holes evenly distributed along the circumferential direction for mounting the rotating balls 109 to eliminate the circumferential force when adjusting the size of the center locator 1 .

[0042] The arc shape is designed to increase the accuracy of positioning and eliminate the positioning error caused by some manufacturing errors. The radius of the outer arc is roughly the same as the size of the hole to be positioned. Both the outer arc and the inner arc require grinding. The outer arc grinding prevents damage to the positioning hole of the part to be processed, and the inner arc grinding facilitates the rolling of the supporting ball 106 to prevent it from getting stuck.

[0043] In one embodiment of the present invention, the upper pressure sleeve 108 is similar to the lower pressure sleeve 103, including a positioning hole and four limiting grooves. The positioning hole and the limiting groove have the same function as the lower pressure sleeve 103. Both ends are ground parallel to reduce friction while transmitting force evenly and accurately.

[0044] In one embodiment of the present invention, there are three transition pressure plates 111, one of which is located between the ball limit plate 110 and the nut 112, and two are located on both sides of the ball limit plate 110 close to the lower pressure sleeve 103. Both ends are ground parallel to reduce friction while transmitting force evenly and accurately.

[0045] In one embodiment of the present invention, the support positioning cylinder 201 includes: a guide hole, two positioning outer circles, 8 screw holes evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, and 5 screw holes on the end surface;

[0046] The guide hole is matched with the positioning outer circle of the tapered spindle 102, and the two positioning outer circles are concentric with the guide hole, one of which is used for clamping on the chuck, and the other is used for supporting the center frame;

[0047] The eight screw holes in the circumferential direction are used to install the locking screws 202, and the five screw holes on the end surface are used to install the tensioning screws 203. The guide hole supporting the positioning cylinder 201 and the positioning outer circle size of the tapered spindle 102 are both larger than the positioning hole of the part to be processed.

[0048] In one embodiment of the present invention, after the center locator 1 is matched with the hole of the part to be positioned, the tapered mandrel 102 of the center locator 1 is positioned along the guide hole to install the outer circle to achieve the center positioning of the part on the entire fixture;

[0049] The locking screw 202 is evenly pressed on the processing part, and the tensioning screw 203 is screwed into the threaded hole of the processing part to tighten it, so that the part is fixed. The entire fixture is installed in the processing equipment, the center locator 1 is taken out, and processing can begin.

[0050] The technical solution of the present invention can greatly reduce the difficulty of part alignment, greatly reduce the technical requirements for operators, greatly shorten the alignment time, and the clamping and alignment does not occupy equipment, reduce the production change time, and avoid quality problems caused by poor alignment. A typical square part is made by fine-machining blind holes after heat treatment (the original hole has been processed with a margin for fine machining). This type of part needs to be aligned with the original hole. The present invention can also be used for other parts and has a wide range of applications, especially the center locator, which can be used for all parts that need to accurately locate the center, greatly reducing the difficulty of alignment and reducing the alignment time. The rolling of the steel ball on the tapered mandrel drives the tapered positioning block to move and adjust the size, making the size adjustment easy and free, and easy to operate.

[0051] In one embodiment of the present invention, an adjustable positioning fixture is provided, wherein a supporting positioning cylinder 201 is provided with a guide hole, two sections of positioning outer circles, 8 screw holes evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, and 5 screw holes on the end face. The guide hole matches the positioning outer circle of the tapered mandrel 102, and the two sections of the positioning outer circles are concentric with the guide hole, wherein one section of the positioning outer circle is used to be clamped on the chuck, and the other section of the positioning outer circle is used to support the center frame. The 8 screw holes in the circumferential direction are used to install the locking screws 202, and the 5 screw holes on the end face are used to install the tensioning screws 203. The guide hole of the supporting positioning cylinder 201 and the positioning outer circle of the tapered mandrel 102 are both larger than the positioning hole of the part to be processed.

[0052] When the center locator 1 is matched with the hole of the part to be positioned, the tapered spindle 102 of the center locator 1 is positioned and installed along the guide hole to realize the center positioning of the part on the entire fixture. Then the locking screw is evenly pressed on the processed part, and the tightening screw is screwed into the threaded hole of the processed part to tighten it to fix the part. After completion, the entire fixture is loaded into the processing equipment (grinder or lathe), and then the center locator 1 is taken out to start processing.

[0053] The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adjustable positioning fixture, characterized in that: The positioning fixture comprises: a center positioner (1) and a support positioner (2); The center positioner (1) comprises: an adjusting screw (101), a tapered spindle (102), a lower pressure sleeve (103), a pre-tightening seal ring (104), a ball sleeve (105), a supporting ball (106), a tapered positioning block (107), an upper pressure sleeve (108), a rotating ball (109), a ball limiting plate (110), a transition pressure plate (111), and a nut (112); The support locator (2) comprises a support locating cylinder (201), a locking screw (202) and a tightening screw (203); the adjusting screw (101) tightens and fits the various parts together through the thread of the tapered spindle (102) and the nut (112); the thread on the adjusting screw (101) cooperates with the thread of the tapered spindle (102) to control the center locator (1) by screwing in and out.

2. The adjustable positioning fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tapered spindle (102) is provided with a tapered outer circle, three positioning outer circles, a threaded hole, a mounting countersunk hole and four limiting grooves; The tapered outer circle is used for the supporting bearing ball (106) to roll or slide thereon, thereby pushing the tapered positioning block (107) in the radial direction to change the overall positioning dimension of the center locator (1); One of the positioning outer circles cooperates with the guide hole of the supporting positioning cylinder (201) to position the part hole at the center of the fixture, and the other two of the positioning outer circles are used to cooperate with the upper pressing sleeve (108) and the lower pressing sleeve (103) for guidance; The mounting countersunk hole is used to mount the transition pressure plate (111), the ball sleeve (105) and the lower pressure sleeve (103); the limit buckle of the lower pressure sleeve (103) passes through the four limit grooves of the tapered spindle; the threaded hole is provided with an adjusting screw (101); the adjusting screw (101) is provided with a thread to cooperate with the adjusting screw to be screwed in and out.

3. The adjustable positioning fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower pressure sleeve (103) is provided with a positioning hole, four limiting buckles and four limiting grooves. The positioning hole cooperates with the positioning outer circle of the tapered spindle. The limiting buckle cooperates with the four limiting grooves of the tapered spindle (102) to limit rotation. The limiting groove cooperates with the tapered positioning block (107).

4. The adjustable positioning fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The limiting seal ring (104) is installed in the annular groove of the conical positioning block (107) and is used to tighten the conical positioning block (107) to fit on the supporting ball (106); The inner and outer surfaces of the ball sleeve (105) are both inclined surfaces with the same taper as the tapered spindle (102), and are clearance-matched with the tapered spindle (102). A plurality of ball holes are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the supporting balls (106) are installed in the holes.

5. The adjustable positioning fixture according to claim 4, characterized in that: The surface in contact with the steel ball and the outer surface of the conical positioning block (107) are arc-shaped, and the inner arc surface is a conical surface and is provided with an annular groove; The ball limiting plate (110) is provided with a plurality of through holes evenly distributed along the circumferential direction for mounting the rotating balls (109) so as to eliminate the circumferential force when adjusting the size of the center locator (1).

6. The adjustable positioning fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper pressure sleeve (108) is similar to the lower pressure sleeve (103), and includes a positioning hole and four limiting grooves. The positioning hole and the limiting grooves have the same function as the lower pressure sleeve (103). Both ends are ground parallel to reduce friction while transmitting force evenly and accurately.

7. The adjustable positioning fixture according to claim 6, characterized in that: The transition pressure plates (111) are composed of three pieces, one piece is located between the ball limiting plate (110) and the nut (112), and two pieces are located on both sides of the ball limiting plate (110) close to the lower pressure sleeve (103). Both ends are ground parallel to each other, thereby reducing friction and transmitting force evenly and accurately.

8. The adjustable positioning fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support positioning cylinder (201) comprises: a guide hole, two positioning outer circles, 8 screw holes evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, and 5 screw holes on the end surface; The guide hole is matched with the positioning outer circle of the tapered spindle (102), and two sections of the positioning outer circle are concentric with the guide hole, one section of the positioning outer circle is used for clamping on the chuck, and the other section of the positioning outer circle is used for supporting the center frame; The eight screw holes in the circumferential direction are used to install the locking screws (202), and the five screw holes on the end surface are used to install the tensioning screws (203). The guide hole of the support positioning cylinder (201) and the positioning outer circle size of the tapered spindle (102) are both larger than the positioning hole of the part to be processed.

9. The adjustable positioning fixture according to claim 8, characterized in that: After the center locator (1) is matched with the hole of the part to be positioned, the tapered mandrel (102) of the center locator (1) is inserted along the guide hole to achieve the center positioning of the part on the entire fixture; The locking screw (202) is evenly pressed on the processing part, and the tightening screw (203) is screwed into the threaded hole of the processing part to tighten it, so that the part is fixed. The entire fixture is installed in the processing equipment, and the center locator (1) is taken out to start processing.

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